Part 9
Fig. 3. _Coelodendrum furcatissimum_, n. sp., × 100 1735
One valve of the shell, with its galea and the four hollow forked tubes arising from it.
Fig. 4. _Coelodendrum furcatissimum_, n. sp., × 100 1735
The central capsule with its nucleus; on the left side one valve of the closely enveloping shell (seen in vertical section), and its galea with the origin of the four tubes.
Fig. 5. _Coelodendrum serratum_, n. sp., × 400 1737
A flabellate terminal branch.
Fig. 6. _Coelodendrum flabellatum_, n. sp., × 150 1737
A flabellate terminal branch.
Fig. 7. _Coelodendrum spinosissimum_, n. sp., × 300 1735
Forked distal end of a terminal branch.
Fig. 8. _Coelodendrum cervicorne_, n. sp., × 150 1736
One valve of the shell, with its galea and the four tubes arising from it. A network of protoplasm connects the distal branches.
Fig. 9. _Coelodrymus ancoratus_, n. sp., × 50 1738
A complete specimen, with the central capsule and the enveloping phæodium. The surface of the spherical calymma is covered by a dense network, from which arise numerous, anchor-bearing, radial tubules.
Fig. 10. _Coelodrymus ancoratus_, n. sp., × 150 1738
A small piece of the superficial network of the skeleton, with the zigzag radial tubules arising from it, each of which bears an anchor with two recurved denticulate teeth on the distal end.
PLATE 122.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family COELOGRAPHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Coelotholus octonus_, n. sp., × 30 1749
The entire bivalved shell, seen obliquely from the dorsal and somewhat from the right side, enveloped by the yellowish calymma.
Fig. 2. _Coelotholus octonus_, n. sp., × 100 1749
One valve of the shell (_h_) with its large galea and the origin of the three styles. The base of the two lateral styles (_g_^1, _g_^2) is connected by two latticed lateral frenula (_b_^1, _b_^2) with the mouth (_m_) of the rhinocanna (_t_). The odd style (_g_^3) is free.
Fig. 3. _Coelothauma duodenum_, n. sp., × 20 1750
The entire shell, seen from the dorsal side. The long styles are enveloped by the yellowish calymma.
Fig. 4. _Coelothauma duodenum_, n. sp., × 80 1750
One valve of the shell (_h_), seen from the apical side; _t_, rhinocanna; _m_, its mouth; _b_^1, _b_^2, the two lateral frenula; _g_^1, _g_^2, the two paired styles; _g_^3, the odd style.
Fig. 5. _Coelothauma duodenum_, n. sp., × 80 1750
One valve of the shell, seen in profile. Characters as in fig. 4.
Fig. 6. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., × 30 1751
The entire shell, enveloped by the yellowish calymma, seen from the left side; between the two valves is the central capsule, with nucleus and astropyle.
Fig. 7. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., × 100 1751
A single lateral anchor-pencil.
Fig. 8. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., × 200 1751
Distal end of a style, with its anchor-pencils.
Fig. 9. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., × 400 1751
A single anchor-thread, with its quadridentate terminal spathilla.
PLATE 123.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family CONCHARIDA.
(The central capsule is coloured red in the figures of this plate, the phæodium green).
Fig. 1. _Concharium diatomeum_, n. sp., 1717
Dorsal view. The central capsule (red) exhibits above the anterior tubular main-opening (astropyle), and below the two small posterior lateral openings (right and left parapylæ).
Fig. 2. _Concharium bivalvum_, n. sp., × 150 1717
Dorsal view. The central capsule is visible in the lower part, the margin of the two valves in the upper part of the figure.
Fig. 2_a_ exhibits the two smooth lateral margins of the valves, catching into one another. (Lateral view).
Fig. 3. _Concharium nucula_, n. sp., 1717
The dorsal valve alone, seen from the outside.
Fig. 4. _Concharium bacillarium_, n. sp., 1718
Lateral view from the smooth margin, by which the two valves are united.
Fig. 5. _Conchasma radiolites_, n. sp., × 300 1719
Lateral view. In the aboral half of the shell-cavity lies the red central capsule, in the oral half the green phæodium.
Fig. 6. _Conchasma sphærulites_, n. sp., × 300 1719
Lateral view. On the aboral pole the two horns of the hinge.
Fig. 7. _Conchellium tridacna_, n. sp., × 200 1720
Oblique lateral view (from the right and ventral side).
Fig. 7_a_. Three pores of the same, with their hexagonal frames and six internal denticles, × 400
Fig. 8. _Conchopsis carinata_, n. sp., × 150 1725
Lateral view, from the left side.
Fig. 9. Conchopsis lenticula, n. sp., × 150 1726
Lateral view, from the right side. The two membranes of the central capsule are separated by a wide interval in this and the preceding figure. The nucleus contains numerous nucleoli.
Fig. 9_a_. Two of the peculiar cells, which are contained in the green phæodium in large numbers, × 400
PLATE 124.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family CONCHARIDA.
Fig. 1. _Conchidium terebratula_, n. sp., × 400 1721
Lateral view, from the left side.
Fig. 2. _Conchidium terebratula_, n. sp., × 800 1721
A piece of the frontal girdle-fissure, with the teeth of both valves catching into one another.
Fig. 3. _Conchidium rhynchonella_, n. sp., × 200 1722
Lateral view, from the left side.
Fig. 4. _Conchidium leptæna_, n. sp., × 300 1722
Girdle-fissure with the teeth, seen from the left side.
Fig. 5. _Conchidium leptæna_, n. sp., × 800 1722
A single tooth with its base.
Fig. 6. _Conchidium thecidium_, n. sp., × 300 1721
Lateral view, from the left side. In the oral part of the shell-cavity the dark phæodium, in the aboral part the central capsule with two nuclei (a dorsal and a ventral).
Fig. 7. _Conchidium argiope_, n. sp., × 300 1722
Oblique oral view (half from the anterior, half from the left side).
Fig. 8. _Conchidium argiope_, n. sp., × 300 1722
Dorsal valve, from below.
Fig. 9. _Conchidium argiope_, n. sp., × 600 1722
A piece of the valve margin, with four teeth.
Fig. 10. _Conchonia diodon_, n. sp., × 200 1723
Lateral view, from the left side. In the anterior part of the shell-cavity the dark phæodium, in the posterior part the central capsule with the nucleus. The two valves are connected at the posterior hinge by a ligament (to the right in the figure).
Fig. 11. _Conchonia diodon_, n. sp., × 400 1723
Mouth of the shell, with its two lips, seen from the oral pole.
Fig. 12. _Conchonia diodon_, n. sp., × 400 1723
A piece of the valve-margin, with four teeth.
Fig. 13. _Conchonia triodon_, n. sp., × 300 1724
Ventral valve, seen from the lower face.
Fig. 14. _Conchonia triodon_, n. sp., × 300 1724
Dorsal valve, seen from the left side.
Fig. 15. _Conchoceras caudatum_, n. sp., × 300 1727
Lateral view, from the left side.
Fig. 16. _Conchoceras cornutum_, n. sp., × 200 1728
Lateral view, from the left side.
PLATE 125.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family CONCHARIDA.
Fig. 1. _Conchopsis aspidium_, n. sp., × 150 1726
Lateral view, from the left side.
Fig. 2. _Conchopsis aspidium_, n. sp., × 300 1726
The hinge of another specimen, in which the two valves are connected by a ligament (as in figs. 8 and 9, Pl. 123).
Fig. 3. _Conchopsis orbicularis_, n. sp., × 200 1725
Lateral view, from the left side.
Fig. 4. _Conchopsis navicula_, n. sp., × 150 1727
Lateral view, from the right side. In the lower (posterior) half of the figure is visible the central capsule with its dark nucleus, in the upper (anterior) half the phæodium with two broad sagittal wings.
Fig. 5. _Conchopsis navicula_, n. sp., × 400 1727
Three single pores with their hexagonal external frame and the dilated internal ovate or ampullaceous channel.
Fig. 6. _Conchopsis navicula_, n. sp., × 400 1727
Hinge of the shell, from the right side.
Fig. 7. _Conchopsis compressa_, n. sp., × 150 1725
Lateral view from the left side. The triangular central capsule with the dark nucleus is visible.
Fig. 8. _Conchopsis compressa_, n. sp., × 150 1725
Dorsal view of the upper valve with its keel.
Fig. 9. _Conchopsis pilidium_, n. sp., × 80 1726
The two valves separated and seen obliquely, half from the lateral, half from the internal side. The inner opening of each valve is bordered and partly closed by a broad horizontal velum or diaphragm like the deck of a boat.
PLATE 126.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family COELOGRAPHIDA.
Figs. 1-1_c_. _Coelographis regina_, n. sp., 1752
Fig. 1. Lateral view. The central capsule it visible between the two valves of the inner shell, the galeæ of which are filled by the phæodium, × 20
Fig. 1_a_. Dorsal view (somewhat obliquely from the left side). The galeæ appear triangular, × 20
Fig. 1_b_. Basal view, × 20
Fig. 1_c_. Distal end of a style, × 300
Figs. 2-2_b_. _Coelodecas sagittaria_, n. sp., 1755
Fig. 2. One valve of the shell, seen from the outside, × 30
Fig. 2_a_. Distal end of a style, × 300
Figs. 3-3_a_. _Coelostylus bisenarius_, n. sp., 1756
Fig. 3. Lateral view of the bivalved shell. The central capsule is visible between the two valves of the inner shell, the galeæ of which are filled by the phæodium, × 20
Fig. 3_a_. Distal end of a style, × 300
Figs. 4-4_a_. _Coelagalma mirabile_, n. sp., 1759
Fig. 4. Dorsal view of the bivalved shell, × 30
Fig. 4_a_. Basal view of the bivalved shell, × 10
PLATE 127.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family COELOGRAPHIDA.
Fig. 1. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 40 1757
One valve of the bivalved shell, seen from the inside, of the usual ovate form.
Fig. 2. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 40 1757
One valve of the bivalved shell, seen from the inside, of the rarer polyhedral form, which may be distinguished as a different species (_Coeloplegma tritonis_, compare p. 1758). _h_, hemispherical inner valve; _g_, galea; _s_, its base.
Fig. 3. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 40 1757
The entire shell, seen from the base of the aboral pole (dorsal and ventral valve connected by delicate teeth, catching into one another).
Fig. 4. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 100 1757
_h_, The two hemispherical inner valves of the shell, seen from the right side; _n_, the central nucleus inside the central capsule; _d_, the astropyle; _g_, the galea; _t_, the nasal tube, arising from its base; _m_, its mouth; _p_, the phæodium, which is partly thrown out by the nasal openings, filling up the galea and nasal tube.
Fig. 5. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 200 1757
_h_, The two hemispherical inner valves of the shell and the enclosed central capsule, seen from the oral side; _d_, the radiate operculum of the astropyle, seen in the frontal fissure between the two valves; _n_, the nucleus; _k_, the crystals; _g_, galea; _g_^1-_g_^5, the styles arising from the galea; _t_, nasal tube; _m_, mouth of it.
Fig. 6. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 600 1757
Oral part of a central capsule, in profile. _o_, Opening of the proboscis; _d_, radiate operculum of the astropyle, which gives rise to the proboscis; _e_, the outer, _i_, the inner membrane of the capsule; _k_, groups of crystals; _n_, nucleus.
Fig. 7. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., ×1000 1757
Three single groups of crystals, taken from the central capsule.
Fig. 8. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 300 1757
One inner valve of the shell, in profile. _h_, hemispherical valve; g, galea; _g_^1-_g_^5, the tubes arising from it; _t_, rhinocanna or nasal tube; _m_, its mouth; _b_, frenulum.
Fig. 9. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 400 1757
_g_, The galea; _t_, rhinocanna of one inner valve; _m_, its mouth; _p_, phæodella filling up both the galea and the mouth of the rhinocanna. _g_^1-_g_^5, the styles arising from the galea; _s_, sieve-plate, which separates the cavity of the galea from the hemispherical valve (_h_). View in profile.
Fig. 10. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 300 1757
An anchor-pencil of the outer shell.
Fig. 11. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., ×1000 1757
A single anchor-thread of a pencil.
Fig. 12. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., × 300 1757
Terminal branches of a style.
Fig. 13. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., ×1000 1757
A single terminal branch of a style.
PLATE 128.
LEGION PHÆODARIA.
Order PHÆOCONCHIA.
Family COELOGRAPHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 50 1754
Lateral view of the entire shell. The central capsule is visible between the two valves of the inner shell. The galeæ and rhinocannæ of the two inner valves are filled up by the black phæodium.
Fig. 2. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 100 1754
The two valves of the inner shell; the galeæ and rhinocannæ of which are filled up by the black phæodium. Between the mouth of the two rhinocannæ is prominent the proboscis of the astropyle, arising from the radiate operculum of the central capsule. The latter contains numerous crystals and a big dark nucleus. Lateral view.
Fig. 3. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 200 1754
The rhinocanna or the nasal tube of one valve, and the latticed frenulum which connects its mouth with the top of the galea.
Fig. 4. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 80 1754
Distal end of a style.
Fig. 5. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 200 1754
Terminal branches of a style.
Fig. 6. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 600 1754
Lateral branch of a style, with an anchor-pencil.
Fig. 7. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., × 300 1754
The lateral margins of the latticed valves of the outer shell or mantle, catching into one another, without being connected directly.
Fig. 8. _Coelospathis octostyla_, n. sp., × 300 1754
Terminal branches of a style.
Fig. 9. _Coelospathis octodactyla_, n. sp., × 400 1755
A single terminal branch of a style.
PLATE 129.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Orders ACTINELLIDA et ACANTHONIDA.
Families ASTROLOPHIDA, LITHOLOPHIDA, CHIASTOLIDA et ASTROLONCHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Actinelius primordialis_, n. sp., × 100 730
The red central capsule, coloured by carmine, contains numerous intensely stained nuclei.
Fig. 2. _Litholophus decapristis_, n. sp., × 300 735
The conical central capsule contains numerous nuclei. The calymma exhibits on the distal end of each spine a coronet of myophriscs.
Fig. 3. _Chiastolus amphicopium_, n. sp., × 150 738
Sixteen diametral spines pierce the spherical, red coloured capsule. The conical sheets of the calymma bear myophriscs.
Figs. 3_a_, 3_b_. Two isolated diametral spines exhibiting the peculiar spiral revolution at their central part, × 300
Fig. 4. _Xiphacantha ciliata_, n. sp., × 300 761
The spherical central capsule is coloured red. The yellowish calymma envelops the radial spines completely. The polygonal network of lines, in which the radiating pseudopodia are symmetrically arranged, is partly visible.
Fig. 5. _Xiphacantha ciliata_, n. sp., × 300 761
The central part of the skeleton, exhibiting the central junction of the radial spines.
Fig. 6. _Acanthometron dolichoscion_, n. sp., × 300 743
Central capsule of a young specimen; in its upper half the peculiar kidney-shaped nucleus is visible, with its invagination; in the lower half some nucleated yellow cells are visible (intracapsular xanthellæ). These and the nucleus are stained by carmine.
Fig. 7. _Acanthometron dolichoscion_, n. sp., × 300 743
Cleavage of an isolated nucleus, with four buds.
Fig. 8. _Acanthometron dolichoscion_, n. sp., × 300 743
A central capsule with four large budding nuclei; and numerous small spherical nuclei produced by gemmation.
Fig. 9. _Acanthonia tetracopa_, n. sp., × 400 749
Central capsule of s young specimen, with a large, irregularly lobate nucleus.
Fig. 10. _Acanthonia tetracopa_, n. sp., × 400 749
An isolated nucleus, exhibiting the peculiar invagination, with its circular folds, and the connection with the flatly conical nucleolus.
Fig. 11. _Acanthonia tetracopa_, n. sp., × 800 749
Four flagellate spores.
PLATE 130.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order ACANTHONIDA.
Family ASTROLONCHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Acanthometron bulbiferum_, n. sp., × 300 745
Fig. 2. _Acanthometron cylindricum_, n. sp., × 200 743
Fig. 3. _Lithophyllium gladiatum_, n. sp., × 200 754
Fig. 4. _Stauracantha quadrifurca_, n. sp., × 300 764
Fig. 5. _Stauracantha orthostaura_, n. sp., × 200 762
Fig. 6. _Phatnacantha icosaspis_, n. sp., × 400 765
Fig. 7. _Pristacantha polyodon_, n. sp., × 300 766
Fig. 8. _Pristacantha dodecodon_, n. sp., × 300 766
Only the central parts and the leaf-cross.
Fig. 9. _Pristacantha octodon_, n. sp., × 200 765
PLATE 131.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order ACANTHONIDA.
Family QUADRILONCHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Quadrilonche mesostaura_, n. sp., × 300 777
Fig. 2. _Quadrilonche platystaura_, n. sp., × 100 777
Fig. 3. _Xiphoptera dodecactena_, n. sp., × 200 778
The central capsule with the central part of the skeleton.
Fig. 4. _Lonchostaurus bifurcus_, n. sp., × 300 773
Fig. 5. _Lonchostaurus crystallinus_, n. sp., × 400 773
Fig. 6. _Lonchostaurus rhomboides_, n. sp., × 200 772
The radial spines are completely enclosed in the rhombic calymma, the surface of which is covered with small plates, similar to those in the shell of the Sphærocapsida.
Fig. 7. _Zygostaurus amphithectus_, n. sp., × 300 774
The square central capsule envelops the half skeleton.
Fig. 8. _Zygostaurus sagittalis_, n. sp., × 300 775
Fig. 9. _Lithoptera tetraptera_, n. sp., × 300 779
Fig. 10. _Lithoptera quadrata_, n. sp., × 300 780
The central part of the skeleton is enclosed by the four-lobed central capsule.
PLATE 132.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Orders ACTINELLIDA ET ACANTHONIDA.
Families ASTROLOPHIDA, ASTROLONCHIDA et AMPHILONCHIDA.
Fig. 1. _Amphilonche lanceolata_, n. sp., × 300 783
Fig. 2. _Amphilonche hydrotomica_, n. sp., × 300 786
The spindle-shaped central capsule is filled up with small granules. The clear calymma forms conical sheaths for the spines, with myophriscs.
Fig. 3. _Amphilonche diodon_, n. sp., × 300 783
Fig. 4. _Amphilonche concreta_, n. sp., × 100 787
A complete specimen with the cylindrical central capsule.
Fig. 4_a_. Central part of the skeleton, × 400
Fig. 5. _Amphilonche violina_, n. sp., × 300 787
Fig. 6. _Amphilonche conica_, n. sp., × 300 785
The ellipsoidal central capsule contains numerous nuclei and is enclosed by the calymma. The conical sheaths of the latter include the radial spines completely and exhibit coronets of myophriscs.
Fig. 7. _Acantholonche amphipolaris_, n. sp., × 200 790
Fig. 8. _Acantholonche peripolaris_, n. sp., × 300 791
Fig. 9. _Amphibelone pyramidata_, n. sp., × 300 789
Fig. 10. _Amphibelone cultellata_, n. sp., × 400 789
The central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei and is enclosed by the hyaline calymma, which forms conical sheaths around the spines.
Fig. 11. _Stauracantha johannis_, n. sp., × 400 763
Basal part of a radial spine, exhibiting the peculiar torsion of the basal leaf-cross and the central apex.
Fig. 12. _Astrolophus solaris_, n. sp., × 200 732
Fig. 12_a_. A group of larger and smaller radial spines united in the centre.
Fig. 12_b_. Three isolated spines (one larger and two smaller), × 200
PLATE 133.
LEGION ACANTHARIA.
Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.
Families SPHÆROCAPSIDA, DORATASPIDA et PHRACTOPELTIDA.
Fig. 1. _Phractopelta dorataspis_, n. sp., × 300 852
Fig. 2. _Dorypelta tessaraspis_, n. sp., × 300 858
Fig. 3. _Stauropelta cruciata_, n. sp., × 400 859
Fig. 4. _Pantopelta icosaspis_, n. sp., × 400 855
Meridional section through the double shell.