Part 7

Fig. 13. _Circospyris nucula_, n. sp., × 300 1072

Dorsal view.

Fig. 14. _Lophospyris dipodiscus_, n. sp., × 400 1080

Frontal view.

Fig. 15. _Sepalospyris platyphylla_, n. sp., × 400 1081

Dorsal view.

Fig. 16. _Pylospyris canariensis_, n. sp., × 400 1084

Frontal view.

Fig. 17. _Acrospyris clathrocanium_, n. sp., × 300 1085

Dorsal view.

Fig. 18. _Phormospyris tridentata_, n. sp., × 400 1087

Frontal view.

Fig. 19. _Patagospyris anthocyrtis_, n. sp., × 500 1088

Dorsal view.

Fig. 20. _Androspyris pithecus_, n. sp., × 400 1093

Lateral view.

PLATE 96.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order BOTRYODEA.

Families CANNOBOTRYIDA, LITHOBOTRYIDA et PYLOBOTRYIDA.

Fig. 1. _Botryopera cyrtoloba_, n. sp., × 500 1108

Apical view.

Fig. 2. _Botryopera quinqueloba_, n. sp., × 500 1109

Half lateral, half frontal view.

Fig. 3. _Cannobotrys tricanna_, n. sp., × 400 1110

View half from the frontal, half from the left side.

Fig. 4. _Cannobotrys cortina_, n. sp., × 400 1110

Basal view.

Fig. 5. _Botryopyle inclusa_, n. sp., × 500 1113

Frontal view.

Fig. 6. _Botryopyle dictyocephalus_, n. sp., × 500 1113

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 7. _Botryopyle sethocorys_, n. sp., × 400 1112

Frontal view.

Fig. 8. _Acrobotrys trisolenia_, n. sp., × 400 1115

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 9. _Acrobotrys acuminata_, n. sp., × 400 1115

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 10. _Acrobotrys disolenia_, n. sp., × 400 1114

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 11. _Acrobotrys auriculata_, n. sp., × 500 1115

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 12. _Botryocella multicellaris_, n. sp., × 500 1117

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 13. _Botryocella quadricellaris_, n. sp., × 400 1117

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 14. _Botryocella quadrigemina_, n. sp., × 400 1117

Collar septum, between cephalis and thorax.

Fig. 15. _Lithobotrys sphærothorax_, n. sp., × 500 1119

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 16. _Lithobotrys mascula_, n. sp., × 500 1119

Frontal view.

Fig. 17. _Lithobotrys orchidea_, n. sp., × 500 1119

Frontal view.

Fig. 18. _Botryocyrtis cerebellum_, n. sp., × 400 1121

Apical view.

Fig. 19. _Botryocyrtis theocampe_, n. sp., × 500 1121

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 20. _Pylobotrys fontinalis_, n. sp., × 400 1122

Apical view.

Fig. 21. _Pylobotrys putealis_, n. sp., × 500 1121

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 22. _Pylobotrys cerebralis_, n. sp., × 500 1122

Dorsal view.

Fig. 23. _Botryocampe rotalia_, n. sp., × 400 1123

Collar septum.

Fig. 24. _Botryocampe camerata_, n. sp., × 500 1124

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 25. _Phormobotrys cannothalamia_, n. sp., × 400 1125

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 26. _Phormobotrys trithalamia_, n. sp., × 500 1124

Frontal section. The dorsal wall is visible, in the cephalis the cruciform frontal septum.

Fig. 27. _Phormobotrys pentathalamia_, n. sp., × 400 1124

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 28. _Cephalospyris triangulata_, n. sp., × 400 1035

The central capsule encloses numerous spherical concrements.

PLATE 97.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Orders STEPHOIDEA ET CYRTOIDEA.

Families STEPHANIDA, CORONIDA, TRIPOCALPIDA, PHÆNOCALPIDA, TRIPOCYRTIDA, PODOCYRTIDA et PODOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. _Cortina typus_, n. sp., × 300 951

View from the right side. The upper part of the central capsule includes the nucleus, the lower part the podoconus, besides some oil-globules. The two pectoral feet are partly broken off.

Fig. 2. _Podocoronis cortiniscus_, n. sp., × 400 981

View from the right anterior side.

Fig. 3. _Tripocalpis cortinaris_, n. sp., × 400 1137

Fig. 4. _Phænocalpis petalospyris_, n. sp., × 400 1173

Lateral view (inverted).

Fig. 5. _Haliphormis lagena_, n. sp., × 200 1167

Fig. 6. _Halicapsa lithapium_, n. sp., × 300 1190

Basal view.

Fig. 7. _Peridium alatum_, n. sp., × 300 1155

Basal view.

Fig. 8. _Sethopilium orthopus_, n. sp., × 300 1202

Basal view.

Fig. 9. _Sethopilium macropus_, n. sp., × 400 1203

Fig. 10. _Amphiplecta acrostoma_, n. sp., × 400 1223

Fig. 11. _Sethopera tricostata_, n. sp., × 400 1232

Fig. 12. _Acanthocorys macroceras_, n. sp., × 200 1264

Fig. 13. _Sethophæna hexaptera_, n. sp., × 400 1286

Fig. 14. _Theopodium tricostatum_, n. sp., × 400 1328

Fig. 15. _Podocampe trictenota_, n. sp., × 500 1446

PLATE 98.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCALPIDA et PHÆNOCALPIDA.

Fig. 1. _Euscenium plectaniscus_, n. sp., × 300 1146

Half frontal, half basal view.

Fig. 2. _Cladoscenium pectinatum_, n. sp., × 400 1150

Shell opened by a vertical section.

Fig. 3. _Archiscenium cyclopterum_, n. sp., × 400 1151

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 4. _Pteroscenium arcuatum_, n. sp., × 400 1152

The central capsule contains a large spherical nucleus with a nucleolus.

Fig. 5. _Archipera cortiniscus_, n. sp., × 400 1155

Fig. 6. _Archibursa tripodiscus_, n. sp., × 400 1157

Basal view.

Fig. 7. _Archipilium orthopterum_, n. sp., × 400 1139

Fig. 8. _Tripilidium costatum_, n. sp., × 300 1141

Fig. 8_a_. Central capsule in the upper part of the shell,

Fig. 8_b_. Cortinar septum,

Fig. 9. _Phænoscenium hexapodium_, n. sp., × 300 1175

Fig. 10. _Archiphæna gorgospyris_, n. sp., × 300 1178

Fig. 10_a_. Cortinar septum with four collar pores, × 300

Fig. 11. _Archiphormis urceolata_, n. sp., × 300 1168

Fig. 12. _Halicalyptra petalospyris_, n. sp., × 400 1169

Fig. 13. _Arachnocalpis ellipsoides_, n. sp., × 300 1172

The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and exhibits in the upper half the ellipsoidal nucleus and four oil-globules, in the lower half the slender striated podoconus.

Fig. 13_a_. A piece of the network, more enlarged, × 900

PLATE 99.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family CHALLENGERIDA.

(The central capsule is coloured red and the phæodium green in Figs. 1, 6, 10, 14-17, 20).

Fig. 1. _Challengeria murrayi_, n. sp., × 50 1653

From the dorsal side. Numerous streams of sarcode arise from the central capsule and pierce the calymma inside the shell.

Fig. 2. _Challengeria wildi_, n. sp., × 400 1653

The peristome from the left side.

Fig. 3. _Challengeria bromleyi_, n. sp., × 400 1652

From the dorsal side.

Fig. 4. _Challengeria sloggettii_, John Murray × 150 1649

The ventral corner broken off. From the left side.

Fig. 4_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall.

Fig. 5. _Challengeria tritonis_, n. sp., × 150 1649

Fig. 6. _Challengeron diodon_, n. sp., × 400 1654

From the dorsal side. The shell contains two central capsules.

Fig. 7. _Challengeron pearceyi_, n. sp., × 300 1654

From the dorsal side.

Fig. 8. _Challengeron richardsii_, n. sp., × 100 1655

From the oral margin

Fig. 9. _Challengeron fergusoni_, n. sp., × 100 1656

From the right side.

Fig. 10. _Challengeron triangulum_, n. sp., × 200 1656

From the right side.

Fig. 11. _Challengeron crosbiei_, n. sp., × 300 1657

From the ventral side.

Fig. 12. _Challengeron buchanani_, n. sp., × 300 1657

From the right side.

Fig. 13. _Challengeron willemoesii_, n. sp., × 400 1659

From the ventral side.

Fig. 14. _Challengeron moseleyi_, n. sp., × 300 1658

From the right side.

Fig. 15. _Challengeron wyvillei_, n. sp., × 300 1660

From the left side.

Fig. 16. _Porcupinia cordiformis_, n. sp., × 200 1663

From the right side.

Fig. 17. _Pharyngella gastræa_, n. sp., × 150 1662

Fig. 18. _Pharyngella gastrula_, n. sp., × 150 1662

Fig. 19. _Entocannula infundibulum_, n. sp., × 100 1661

Fig. 20. _Entocannula hirsuta_, n. sp., × 150 1661

Fig. 21. _Lithogromia diatomacea_, n. sp., × 400 1647

A piece of the shell with diatomaceous structure.

Fig. 21_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall.

Fig. 22. _Lithogromia silicea_, n. sp., × 150 1647

PLATE 100.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family TUSCARORIDA.

Fig. 1. _Tuscarora bisternaria_, John Murray, × 30 1706

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 1_a_. View from the mouth pole × 25

Fig. 2. _Tuscarora murrayi_, n. sp., × 30 1706

View from the dorsal side. The central capsule (in the aboral half), and the phæodium (in the middle of the shell-cavity) are visible. A fine network of pseudopodia pierces the calymma, which fills up the shell-cavity.

Fig. 3. _Tuscarora wyvillei_, n. sp., × 30 1707

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 3_a_. Base of a tooth, × 100

Fig. 3_b_. Transverse section through the base of a tooth.

Fig. 3_c_. Base of a foot.

Fig. 4. _Tuscarora tetrahedra_, John Murray, × 15 1707

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 4_a_. Mouth with the three teeth, × 50

Fig. 5. _Tuscarora tubulosa_, John Murray, × 40 1707

View from the ventral side.

Fig. 5_a_. Mouth with the two teeth, × 100

Fig. 5_b_. Basal part of a single tooth, × 150

Fig. 6. _Tuscarora porcellana_, John Murray, × 600 1708

Fig. 6_a_. A piece of the shell, with five pores.

Fig. 6_b_. A piece of a tooth, with the internal axial rod and its transverse branches.

Fig. 7. _Tuscarusa medusa_, n. sp., × 25 1709

View from the side.

Fig. 7_a_. View from the mouth, × 50

Fig. 8. _Tuscaridium lithornithium_, n. sp., × 20 1710

View from the ventral side. Central capsule and calymma as in fig. 2.

Fig. 8_a_. Peristome from the ventral side.

Fig. 8_b_. Peristome from the right side.

PLATE 101.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Families PHÆODINIDA, CANNORRHAPHIDA et AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. _Phæocolla primordialis_, n. sp., × 300 1544

Central capsule, isolated. The double contoured outer membrane exhibits only one opening, with a radiate operculum and long proboscis. The granular protoplasm encloses clear spherical vacuoles. The sphæroidal nucleus contains irregular amoeboid nucleoli.

Fig. 2. _Phæodina tripylea_, n. sp., × 300 1545

A central capsule in self-division, with two elliptical nuclei. The astropyle is already bisected and has two proboscides.

Fig. 3. _Cannorrhaphis spinulosa_, n. sp., × 300 1552

A complete specimen with two central capsules, each of which contains two nuclei. The alveolate calymma contains a dark phæodium and is surrounded by tangential tubular needles.

Fig. 4. _Cannorrhaphis spinulosa_, n. sp., × 300 1552

A single tangential tube.

Fig. 5. _Cannorrhaphis spathillata_, n. sp., × 300 1552

A single tangential tube.

Fig. 6. _Aulactinium actinastrum_, n. sp., × 100 1574

A complete specimen, seen in optical meridional section. In the centre the spheroidal central capsule, with its double membrane and three openings (above two lateral parapylæ, below the large astropyle with its radiate operculum). The capsule encloses numerous spherical vacuoles and two hemispherical nuclei, each with numerous nucleoli. The anterior half of the capsule is surrounded by the blackish phæodium. The spherical calymma contains numerous globular alveoles and is pierced by the radial tubes, the proximal ends of which are in contact with the surface of the central capsule (compare Pl. 103, fig. 1).

Fig. 7. _Aulactinium actinastrum_, n. sp., × 300 1574

A single radial tube.

Fig. 8. _Aulactinium actinelium_, n. sp., × 200 1574

A single radial tube.

Fig. 9. _Mesocena stellata_, n. sp., × 600 1557

A single annular piece of the skeleton

Fig. 10. _Dictyocha stapedia_, n. sp., × 300 1561

A complete specimen, observed living at Ceylon. In the centre is visible the large, spheroidal, tripylean central capsule, with its three openings, containing a large nucleus with numerous nucleoli. Its oral half is covered with the dark phæodium. The voluminous spherical calymma contains numerous globular alveoles and its surface is covered with scattered, stirrup-shaped pieces of the skeleton. Numerous free pseudopodia arise from the surface.

Fig. 11. _Dictyocha stapedia_, n. sp., × 800 1561

A single piece of the skeleton, from above.

Fig. 12. _Dictyocha stapedia_, n. sp., × 800 1561

A twin piece of the skeleton.

Fig. 13. _Dictyocha medusa_, n. sp., × 800 1560

A single piece of the skeleton, from the side.

Fig. 14. _Dictyocha medusa_, n. sp., × 800 1560

A single piece of the skeleton, from above.

PLATE 102.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. _Auloceros elegans_, n. sp., × 80 1584

A complete specimen, observed living at Ceylon. In the centre is visible the red central capsule with its three openings, containing a large nucleus of half the size, with numerous nucleoli. The alveolate calymma encloses a green excentric phæodium, is surrounded by a veil of interwoven tangential needles, and forms conical elevations, which enclose the piercing radial tubes. Between these radiate numerous pseudopodia (compare for the single parts, Pl. 103, fig. 1 and Pl. 104, figs. 1-3, and their explanation).

Figs. 2-6. _Auloceros furcosus_, n. sp., × 100 1583

Distal ends of different radial tubes, exhibiting the great variability of this species.

Fig. 7. _Auloceros trigeminus_, n. sp., × 300 1584

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 8. _Auloceros capreolus_, n. sp., × 200 1584

Distal End of a Single Tube.

Figs. 9, 10. _Auloceros cervinus_, n. sp., × 300 1584

Distal ends of two single tubes.

Fig. 12. _Auloceros spathillaster_, n. sp., × 300 1585

Distal end of a single tube.

Figs. 11, 13. _Auloceros arborescens_, n. sp., × 300 1585

Distal ends of two single tubes.

PLATE 103.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. _Aulographis candelabrum_, n. sp., × 100 1583

_p_, The dark phæodium surrounding the central capsule on its oral part; _a_, a part of the surrounding alveolate calymma, also surrounding the central capsule; _s_, the veil of tangential needles covering the surface of the alveolate calymma; _r_, the big radial tubes, seven of which are visible, with an elegant verticil of terminal branches; _f_, the numerous pseudopodia radiating between the branches. The central capsule exhibits the following parts:--_o_, Astropyle; _u_, parapylæ; _e_, outer membrane; _i_, inner membrane; _v_, vacuoles; _n_, nucleus; _l_, nucleoli.

Figs. 2-9. _Aulographis pandor_, n. sp., × 100 1577

Distal ends of various radial tubes of a single specimen, exhibiting the extraordinary variability of this species.

Fig. 10. _Aulographis furcula_, n. sp., × 400 1580

A two-branched tube.

Fig. 11. _Aulographis furcula_, n. sp., × 400 1580

A three-branched tube.

Figs. 12, 13. _Aulographis bovicornis_, n. sp., × 200 1577

Two tubes with two branches.

Fig. 14. _Aulographis bovicornis_, n. sp., × 200 1577

A tube with three branches.

Fig. 15. _Aulographis triangulum_, n. sp., × 200 1580

A single tube.

Fig. 16. _Aulographis taumorpha_, n. sp., × 300 1577

Two tubes, each with two branches.

Fig. 17. _Aulographis triglochin_, n. sp., × 300 1578

A tube with three branches.

Figs. 18, 19. _Aulographis hexancistra_, n. sp., × 300 1581

Distal end of two tubes (one with four, the other with five terminal branches).

Fig. 20. _Aulographis dentata_, n. sp., × 200 1582

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 21. _Aulographis ancorata_, n. sp., × 300 1578

Two tubes, each with four recurved branches.

Fig. 22. _Aulographis tetrancistra_, n. sp., × 300 1581

A single tube.

Fig. 23. _Aulographis stellata_, n. sp., × 300 1578

_a_ and _b_, Two rudimentary or incompletely developed tubes; _c_, a well-developed tube of the usual form.

Fig. 24. _Aulographis asteriscus_, n. sp., × 300 1581

Terminal verticil of a single tube.

Fig. 25. _Aulographis cruciata_, n. sp., × 300 1578

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 26. _Aulographis pulvinata_, n. sp., × 400 1582

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 27. _Aulographis serrulata_, n. sp., × 400 1582

Distal end of a single tube.

PLATE 104.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., × 50 1586

A complete specimen, excellently preserved, with an ovate alveolate calymma and two central capsules. The surface of the calymma is covered with tangential needles.

Fig. 2. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., × 100 1586

An isolated central capsule of another specimen, surrounded by granules of the phæodium. _o_, Radiate operculum of the astropyle; _u_, the two lateral parapylæ; _e_, external membrane of the capsule; _i_, internal membrane; _c_, vacuoles in the protoplasm; _n_, nucleus; _l_, numerous nucleoli.

Fig. 3. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., × 80 1586

Two central capsules of another specimen, surrounded by the phæodium (Self-division). Characters as in fig. 2.

Fig. 4. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., × 100 1586

A single radial tube.

Fig. 5. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., × 200 1586

Distal part of another radial tube, partly filled up by air-bubbles.

Fig. 6. _Aulospathis trifurca_, n. sp., × 200 1586

Distal part of a single radial tube.

Fig. 7. _Aulospathis trifurca_, n. sp., × 200 1586

Distal part of another radial tube.

Fig. 8. _Aulospathis triodon_, n. sp., × 100 1587

A single radial tube.

Fig. 9. _Aulospathis tetrodon_, n. sp., × 200 1588

Distal end of single tube.

Figs. 10-13. _Aulospathis polymorpha_, n. sp., × 400 1587

Four single terminal branches with very different forms of spathillæ.

Figs. 14-17. _Aulospathis variabilis_, n. sp., × 400 1588

Four single terminal branches with very different forms of spathillæ.

PLATE 105.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. _Aulodendron indicum_, n. sp., × 200 1590

A single tube.

Fig. 2. _Aulodendron pacificum_, n. sp., × 400 1589

Distal half of a tube.

Fig. 3. _Aulodendron australe_, n. sp., × 300 1589

A single tube.

Fig. 4. _Aulacantha spinosa_, n. sp., × 300 1575

Distal half of a tube.

Fig. 5. _Aulodendron antarcticum_, n. sp., × 300 1589

A single tube.

Fig. 6. _Aulographis pistillum_, n. sp., × 300 1579

A single tube.

Fig. 7. _Aulographis martagon_, n. sp., × 300 1579

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 8. _Aulographis triæna_, n. sp., × 80 1579

A single tube.

Fig. 9. _Aulographis flammabunda_, n. sp., × 100 1579

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 10. _Aulographis flosculus_, n. sp., × 300 1580

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 11. _Aulographis gemmascens_, n. sp., × 100 1580

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 12. _Aulographis verticillata_, n. sp., × 400 1582

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 12_a_. Apical view, with four verticils of five branches.

Fig. 13. _Aulographis tripentas_, n. sp., × 300 1582

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 13_a_. Apical view, with three verticils of five branches.

Fig. 14. _Auloceros dicranaster_, n. sp., × 400 1585

Distal end of a tube, seen from the side.

Fig. 15. _Auloceros dicranaster_, n. sp., × 200 1585

Distal end of a tube, seen from the terminal face.

Fig. 16. _Aulacantha cannulata_, n. sp., × 300 1576

Distal end of a tube.

PLATE 106.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Orders PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family OROSPHÆRIDA.

OROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. _Orosphæra serpentina_, n. sp., × 50 1595

The entire shell.

Fig. 2. _Orosphæra horrida_, n. sp., × 50 1596

The entire shell.

Fig. 3. _Orosphæra arborescens_, n. sp. (vel _Orothamnus arborescens_), × 50 1597

The entire shell.

Fig. 4. _Oroscena gegenbauri_, n. sp., × 50 1597

The entire shell.

(Compare Pl. 12, fig. 1.)