Part 30

STORE, "_store_ is no sore" (R184,_c_), in Heywood, _Works_ (E.E.D.S.), 12,_c_; 176,_d_.

STOW, "_stow, statt, stow_!" (M32,_b_), "_Stow, stow_, says Halliwell, was formerly addressed to a hawk by a falconer to make it come to his fist."

STRUSSIONERS, "such _strussioners_ as these" (R265,_c_), destructioners + constructioners.

STUD, "Doth you _stud_ your brains" (R228,_b_). People's perversion (perhaps intentional) of "study."

SUFFER, "he _will not suffer_" (R213,_a_); in original _nil_ _not_, and it should have been so printed in text. _Nil_ = will not n[e w]il[l]: cf. namnot, ninnat.

SUPERATE, "now it is _superate_" (M15,_a_), conquered, overcome.

SUPERSEDEAS (R261,_d_), a writ having in general the effect of a command, to stay or forbear, on good cause shown, my ordinary proceedings which might otherwise be proceeded with: hence a stay, a stop. "To give a _supersedeas_ to industry."--Hammond, _fl._ (1605-60), _Works_, i. 480.

TAGETIVE, "Am I a _tagetive_" (WH277,_c_). I can find no trace of this word. Can Wealth be regarded as offended at being spoken to as if he were one of the "tag" or rabble?

TANE (WH294,_b_; 305,_a_), taken.

TENDERANCE, "cometh of great _tenderance_" (N52,_d_), watchfulness.

THE, "God let you never _the_" (M., _et passim_), prosper, thrive.

THIRLETH, "a short prayer _thirleth_ heaven" (M25,_a_), ascends to, pierces, penetrates. "If ony _thirle_ or make an hole in a feble walle."--_Gesta Romanorum._

TIDE, "tarry here this _tide_" (M23,_d_), time, season.

TINKERS, "though _tinkers_ should lack work" (R213,_d_), cf. "Like Banbury tinkers, that in mending one hole make three."

TO, "thou must needs _to_" (N50,_d_), elliptic; _i.e._ "go to."

TO-BEATEN, "all _to-beaten_" (M19,_c_), _to_ = A.S. prefix implying deterioration, destruction, or completeness; _i.e._ beaten unmercifully.

TO-GLORIED, "all _to-gloried_" (M34,_c_): see previous entry. _To-gloried_ = finically fine or grandiloquent (_i.e._ your phraseology is destructive of "measure").

TORITY, "ye give me _tority_" (R266,_c_), authority.

TRENTHAM (SIR WILLIAM OF TRENTHAM). As already stated (see _John Evangelist_) the entrances and exits, and the connection between different parts of this play of _John the Evangelist_, are by no means obvious. At 356,_b_, Eugenio, referring to Irisdision, says he may well be called "witless Sir Will"; and when Eugenio speaks of the coming of Sir William of Trentham (357,_a_), in comes John the Evangelist. The most feasible explanation is that the part of John the Evangelist was played by a parish priest whose name was Sir William of Trentham. The clerical use of _Sir_ = _dominus_ is common, but the only reference I can find to Trentham (near Stoke-on-Trent) is in the 5th volume of "_Magna Britannia_," pp. 92 and 154. In both places there is mention of a monastery of "Canons Regular of St. Augustine," built in the reign of William Rufus. According to Dugdale and Speed it was valued, at the time of the dissolution, at £106, 3s. 10d. per annum. As the rule of the Augustines enjoins poverty, chastity, and humility, my suggestion receives confirmation of a sort at 359,_b_ and _c_, where "wilful poverty" is enjoined. As regards Irisdision, who is obviously the same as John the Evangelist and Sir William of Trentham, this is a puzzle. Eugenio is Greek, but an attempt at making Greek of Irisdision is not quite satisfactory, and may seem somewhat far-fetched. _Iris_ in Greek mythology was a messenger of the gods, who are sometimes noted collectively by _Dis_--is Irisdision intended to mean "a divine messenger"?

TREPITT, "take you here a _trepitt_" (M7,_d_), blow.

TRISE, "_trise_ him out at your gates" (M21,_d_), haul, pull.

TRUST, (_a_) "_in trust is treason_" (M33,_b_), in Heywood (_Works_, E.E.D.S., II., 67,_c_).

(_b_) "best be _trust_" (R196,_a_), _i.e._ Avarice has called his minions back to coach them, and bids them be ready (_to truss_ = to tuck up the gown and generally to prepare oneself). On the other hand, Mr. Magnus (E.E.T.S.) says, "Mr. Daniel has explained this phrase as a nickname for a dishonest fellow, with a by-play on _trussed_ (_i.e._ hanged)."

UNCURTESS, "so _uncurtess/_, so inconsiderate" (M33,_b_; 34,_a_), unthoughtful, careless, uncivil.

UNDERFONG, "war or battle to _underfong_" (N90,_a_), undertake, manage, wage.

UNRIGHTFUL, "In _unrightful_ to say pride of him than" (JE366,_c_), the passage is obscure or corrupt; _unrightful_ occurs in Bale (_Works_, E.E.D.S.), 59,_c_--"justices _unrightful_."

UNTHRIFTS RENT (JE364,_c_)--"let us go to _Unthrift's_ a while" (JE361,_c_), a _rent_ = tenements or houses let out to others; often named after the proprietor: Fulwood's _Rents_, Holborn, is (1907) a case in point.

UNTIL (_passim_), to, unto.

VALESLIE, "you liest _valeslie_" (R210,_c_), valorously.

VOWELS: "worship of the five vowels" (M22,_c_), the passage as it stands is obscure. Furnivall and Pollard read _v. vowellys_, Manly, _v voli ellys_ and Brandl, _volvellys_. I have perforce followed the first-named as the most likely to be according to the original, but in view of the uncertainty as to the accuracy of either transcript, little can be said (see _Mankind_). Manly (whom the E.E. Text editors follow) suggests _vij_ (_or xx_) _devellys_; Brandl _dewellys_? The phrasing is suggestive, "worship" (cf. "worship of the new year": see _New Year_), and "v vowels," which of course is distinctive, but I am quite at a loss to suggest an explanation. If the allusion is to gaming, _vowels_ may be a miscript for _volvelles_, quite a different word. Whitney says of it--"A small and generally circular movable plate affixed to an engraving containing a dial or lottery, and made to carry the index hand or pointer." There is a paragraph in _Notes and Queries_ (Sixth Series, vol. xi. p. 217) referring to "volvelles," and it seems pretty evident from this that they were well known as instruments of chance; there is an allusion in Withers' _Emblems_, where he makes use of the "Index" or "volvelle" in a moral sense. One could understand the "worship of _volvelles_," if this were a gambling game, as one can understand the "worship of dice."

WALSINGHAM WHISTLE (M20,_c_), probably an allusion to the "Wishing Wells" at Walsingham (Norfolk). Persons drinking of them were said to obtain the fulfilment of any wish made while drinking. _Nought_, appealed to, said he could "pipe on a Walsingham whistle," _i.e._ wish for what he wanted, and perhaps get it. Apparently he does, for he wished for the entry of _Titivullus_, who appears.

WALTER, "I love ill to _walter_" (JE364,_a_), tumble, roll about. "To turne or _walter_ in mire" (Baret, 1580).

WART, "che _wa'r't_, a false harlot you art" (R210,_c_), war[ran]t.

WAT, "some great _wat_" (N69,_b_)--"Brother _wat_" (WH297,_a_), a wight, a man.

WAY, "_do way, do way_" (M6,_c_), away, away!

WEALTH AND HEALTH is one of the recently recovered "lost" plays (see Preface), and is of unknown authorship. The text is given on pp. 273-309, from a photograph copy of the original now in the British Museum, together with a reduced facsimile of the title-page. The B.M. entry is--

WEALTH. An enterlude of Welth and Helth, very mery and full of pastyme, newly att his [_i.e._ _att this_] tyme imprinted. B. L. [London, 1565?] 4^o. [C.34,i.25.

The collation is sixteen leaves, Ai (title with back blank) to Div. in 4s. The play is wretchedly printed on very thin paper, and simply bristles with printer's errors. I have taken no heed of most of these in the present text which I have collated twice with the old copy. I think I have succeeded in producing a substantially correct version of the original, any specially doubtful point being noted _infra_. This, however, must be taken with one reservation--so far as the state of the typography would allow I have given the Dutch and Spanish jargon exactly as it appears in the old text. It was simply impossible to make sense out of it. Many of the words have no resemblance to anything in Dutch. It was submitted to Dutch and German scholars to no effect. The sense occasionally can be gleaned--for example, that Hance was a drunken Hollander who wanted to get an engagement as gunner by the English. But the whole is evidently a caricature of Dutch, with which the author obviously had no acquaintance beyond a few scattered words, and the "patter" was put in simply to tickle the ears of the groundlings. As regards date, the British Museum Catalogue suggests "? 1565" for this recovered copy; but Hazlitt states that the play was licensed in 1557-8, and printed by John Waley in 1558. There is little internal evidence to help to a decision. Hance (300,_c_) says he has been in England "this darteen (thirteen) year," and if we deduct this from 1557-8 we get 1544-5, which is close enough to the times of Anne of Cleves (1540), the "Flander's mare" of Henry VIII., to suggest that the play may have been written and played a year or two earlier than the date of its entry at Stationers' Hall. There are two references to the Sovereign (301,_b_ and 308,_d_), Queen Elizabeth, who succeeded 17th Nov. 1558, but these allusions do not, of course, reveal anything. _Corrigenda, Amended Readings, etc._: Title-page (274), a reduced facsimile being given (273), direct comparison may be made: though very indistinct, there are traces of the lines of a written inscription on the lower half of the page--_Names of Players_ (275 _et seq._), these are given in margin; in places dropped a little out of line, but nowhere so that the commencement of the speech is not easily identified--"praise yourself _too_ much ye may" (276,_a_), original _so_--"_Yet_ no displeasure" (276,_b_), original _Yeth_--"to you no _dispraise_" (276,_b_), in original _dyspayre_--"am I a _tagetive_" (277,_c_), original _tagetyve_, but the first "_stamp_" may be anything: see _Tagetive_--"I, Wealth, _have_ all treasure" (278,_a_), original _hatg_: the close alphabetical juxtaposition of _v_ and _t_ on the one hand and _e_ and _g_ of the misprint (for so I take it) is curious: see _supra_--"_their_ pain is such" (280,_c_), original _there_--"_Ill-W._ Why, I came," etc. (284,_a_), throughout the original Ill-Will, who is given his full name in the stage direction marking his entrance, is "tagged" in the margin _Will_--"_H_[_eal_]_th._ Whose," etc. (284,_a_), the letters in square brackets are rubbed away, but the speech seems to be to Health rather than Wealth. See Health's speech, 283,_b_.--"and _kindred_ too" (284,_d_), original _kinred_--"lest that I _mar_" (285,_d_), so I think in original: the letters are blurred, but the portions visible indicate the rubbed-out strokes: if so, note the three rhymes, _were_, _near_, _mar_: Dr. Murray gives _mer_(_e_) as a form current from the 13th to the 16th centuries--"I _came_ my way" (286,_c_), original _can_--"_Ill-W._ I would come in" (286,_c_), in original this speech is given to Wit, but clearly that is a mistake--"_Hance_ Beerpot, a scon router" (287,_a_), so in original, which there seemed no need to modernise to Hans: see _ante_--"his name is War" (287,_c_), in view of recent discussion in _N. and Q._ note the rhyme with _mar_--"with your _gound? stand near_" (287,_c_), this may possibly read "with your gound-stand near?"--"I am very glad" (289,_d_), the next line is very indistinct, and even the paper at this place is opaquer than elsewhere, so debarring restoration in that wise: it _looks_ like "Some crafty wile for him [I would] ye had," but _I would_ is very doubtful, unless we reckon on a glaring misprint--"they shall not _flit_" (290,_c_), original _flye_--"[_Health_]. Sirs! now go your way" (291,_c_), the name is not in original, but the lines are apparently as now attributed--"_w'out_ blane" (294,_b_), _wout_ in original--"If a man be never so...." (295,_a_), the line appears to have got loose, and in printing this has caused extra blurring: _so_ may not be correct; what follows looks like "so ... good and b ... be but thrifty": but it is uncertain to a degree--"Speak! be not _afraid_" (295,_d_), in original _afryde_--"What _sayest_ thou in his face" (296,_a_), obviously misprinted in the original: the word meant may be _seest_--"for _these_ years twenty" (296,_b_), _this_ in original--"as good _know_" (296,_d_), in original _no_--"And _your subtilty known_" (297,_a_), in original _Aud our_ _subtillitte knowen_--"_Ill-W._ Peace! no mo words" (297,_b_), in original this is given to _Wit_--"with kindness my _heart_ do kill" (299,_b_), _herye_ in original--"magt _not_ do thereto" (300,_a_), _aot_ in original--"I understand thee well" (300,_d_), _Ic_ in original: the author has forgotten himself in this instance--"_Wit._ _I will go to fetch them_" (304,_d_), in original _I Iyf go to fetch tham_--"should _lean_ to man's life" (305,_a_), in original _leaue_--

WHERE, "_where_ he go" (JE354,_d_), whether.

WHISTER, "_whister_ him in the ear" (N77,_d_), whisper.

WHITE WINE (JE361,_a_), an allusion, I suppose, to the rotten eggs shied at a victim in the pillory.

WIDGE, "chad a _widge_" (R229,_a_), horse. In a recent number of _Notes and Queries_ appeared the following, which seems worth quoting, as exemplifying the survival in Tudor-English dialect of an A.S. word that itself had only a limited vogue. "In South-Western dialect, _widge_, a horse (mare) ... from M.E. _wig_, A.S. _wicg_. The ... word is only found in poetry, and with moderate frequency; while in other Teutonic languages _wigg_, horse, occurs solely, to my knowledge, in O. Sax., _The Heliand_, and there but once. Stratmann's _Mid. Eng._ _Dictionary_ (ed. H. Bradley) gives a solitary example of _wig_, horse, in _Early English Homilies_ (ed. R. Morris), rendering the more notable its survival to the above date. The word is not in Halliwell's _Dictionary_." (H. P. L.)

WIT AND SCIENCE, BY JOHN REDFORD. The text, collated anew in proof with the original manuscript in the British Museum (Add. MSS. 15,233), will be found on pages 135-175, together with a reduced facsimile of the penultimate page of the manuscript (p. 136), and the concluding lines of the same with Redford's signature (p. 175). This last facsimile has been included because nowhere in the Museum Catalogue does Redford's name occur; the play has never been catalogued as his though his name appears both in the MS. and in the Shak. Soc. reprint (Ac. 9485.33). A good deal of confusion and uncertainty has existed concerning the identity of this and two other Wit plays, a question which I discuss in _Anon. Plays_ (E.E.D.S.), _Series IV._, now in the press. I refer the reader to this volume, which will reach subscribers in due course. Besides the Shakespeare Society's reprint, Prof. Manly has included _Wit and Science_ in his _Specimens of the_ _Pre-Shakespearean Drama_. The MS. is in the shape of a memorandum book, the lines running across the short width of the page. There has been no cutting of the margins. It was purchased at the sale of the Bright MSS. in 1844, and the binding is without doubt contemporary with the MS., though it has apparently been patched here and there. _Corrigenda, Amended Readings, etc._: "The better hold out _he_ may" (138,_b_), _ye_ in manuscript, which Halliwell follows: Prof. Manly has _he_--"_Study._ Yea, hold your peace ... that way" (139,_c_), Halliwell in his reprint (1848) reads thus:--

Yea, hold your peace, best! we here now stay, For, Instruction, I like not that way.

"_Good, sir_" (141,_b_), original _God, sir_--"_Striketh him_" (144,_d_), this stage direction, which is not in manuscript, should, of course, have been put within brackets--"Give ear to _that_ we sing and say" (145,_c_), so in MS.; _what_ in transcript of song in Shakespeare Soc. Papers, II. 78: it may also be noted that in the same transcript the commencement of the fifth stanza inserts _an_ not in the MS. which reads "After eye given"--"_Here cometh in_ HONEST RECREATION," etc. (145,_a_ to 146,_b_), this stage direction in MS. is continuous, and the song is given at the end of the play. I have inserted it here as more convenient--"while we _him_ bear" (146,_b_), _here_ in MS., which is followed by Halliwell; I have accepted Prof. Manly's amendment--"_Rea._ I wot well that" (146,_d_), in MS. these words are followed in the same line by the first five words of the next line, "The more to blame ye"; the scribe finding out his mistake crossed them through, and then re-wrote them in the next line as in text--"_Here_ COMFORT, QUICKNESS, STRENGTH _go out_" (147,_a_), in the margin, very small, between the speakers' names as if by an afterthought, is written, "Al go out save Honest"--"Sure call a blow or twain" (162,_d_), Halliwell says "the scribe here began to write the preceding speech of Science but erased it." Reference to the manuscript shows that the previous line originally ran, "By the mass, _madam, ye can no good_," and that the words in italics were then crossed through and the line re-written as in the present text. The next line, commencing "And thou shalt sure," etc., has apparently been written in after the mistake was discovered; it occurs at the end of a page. At the top of the next page of the MS. the word "Art" is written, and then crossed through, as if the writer had begun to write the lines ascribed to Science (162,_d_) commencing "Art a-swearing, too?"--"Welcome, mine own" (171,_c_), in the MS. this song appears in another part of the book quite distinct from the play, but as it is obviously intended to be sung here it is restored to its place. Therefore the stage directions _supra_ and _infra_ (171,_c_, 172,_d_) are continuous in the MS.--"life's end [end] it" (174,_d_), in the MS. the line reads with _life's end end it_, but the second _end_ is crossed through, erroneously it would seem.

WOLPIT, OUR LADY OF (IP315,_d_). _Woolpit_ is about eight miles east of Bury-St.-Edmunds. Taylor in his _Index Monasticus_ (p. 117) includes it in a list of shrines, images, etc., in Suffolk to which pilgrimages were made. The manor was given to the monks of Bury-St.-Edmunds prior to the Conquest. They were possessed of it in the time of Edward I., and probably continued in possession till the dissolution of the monasteries.

WONNING (JE363,_d_), dwelling.

WORNE, "the wild worm is come into his head" (N98,_d_); cf. "maggot in brain."

WOTE, "half a _wote_" (N67,_c_), _i.e._ "half I wot."

WRIT OF PRIVILEGE (IP316,_d_), a writ to deliver a privileged person from custody when arrested in a civil suit.

YEAR-DAY, "my father's _year-day_" (M32,_b_), either birthday or the anniversary of death.

ZEE, see A ZEE.

ZEMBITY (R230,_a_), semblity; Magnus suggests "dissemble."

ZORYLESS (R212,_d_), sorryless (for sorriness).

* * * * *

Manufactured in the United States of America

Transcriber's Notes:

Simple spelling, grammar, and typographical errors were corrected.

Punctuation normalized.

Anachronistic and non-standard spellings retained as printed.

Prefixing right aligned stage directions with a left bracket was most common usage in original. Added left bracket where one was missing. Removed right bracket from a few right aligned stage directions due to uncommon usage in original.

Italics markup is enclosed in _underscores_.

Bold markup is enclosed in ~tildes~.

Fancy or unusual font markup is enclosed in #number signs#.

Superscripts are indicated with a single caret (^) followed by the superscripted text.

The yogh character is indicated by [gh].

The Maltese cross character is indicated by [+].