Part 29

Licences, 13, 38 Compulsory, 42, 246, 262 High Charges for, 48, 50, 51 Refusal of, 40, 41, 53, 103

Litigation, Costly, 34, 43, 100, 111, 260 Dilatory, 33, 105, 253 Occasioned or Required by Patents, 30, 32, 34, 52, 105, 121, 180, 201, 234, 237, 253, 285

Loss of Inventions by Abolition Improbable, 107, 119

Losses by Patents, 42, 43

MACFIE, Speech of Mr., 9, 213, 251

Manufacture, What is Meant by?, 16, 59, 282

Manufacturers dislike Patents, 9, 30, 248, 251, 262 Injustice Done to, 71, 238

Medals Proposed, 85

Merits, Certificates of, 85

Meritorious and Unmeritorious Patents, 97

MILL, J. S., his Arguments for Patents, 69 Appealed to, 75

Monopoly, Antipathy to, 11, 16, 21, 26 Injurious, 28, 36 Restrictions on, Necessary, 15 the Essence of a Patent, 10, 219, 232, 244, 272

Multiplication of Patents, 25, 37, 44, 45, 203

Musical Copyright, 315

MUSPRATT, E. K., Esq., 231

Nature, Order of, opposed to Monopoly of Ideas, 9, 76

Neglect of Patents by Patentees, 54

_Netherlands_, 50, 196, 200, 225, 236, 280, 332

New Books seldom Seen by Poor, 294

Number of Patents, 18, 19, 97, 283 in other Countries, 50, 192

Obstructiveness of Patents, 27, 36, 44, 59, 102, 112, 122, 163, 171, 203, 206, 226, 227, 237, 253, 255, 257, 270, 281

Occupation, Right of First, 207

Operatives as Witnesses, 92 Injured by Patents, 63, 239, 247, 286 Seldom get New Books, 294

Origin of the Patent System in England, 11

PALMER, Sir ROUNDELL, M.P., 93

Parliament, 11, 21, 236

Patent Act of 1852, 25, 48 Laws cannot be much Improved, 67, 91, 187, 205, 217, 246, 252, 263, 333 Office, 289 System, Demands of, on Manufacturers, 76, 226

Patentees, Limit in Number of, 16 Who should be, 13

Patenting for Self-Protection, 28, 33, 165

Patents a Bad Stimulus, 62, 78, 120 an Anachronism, 123, 171, 255 are a Power to Restrain Others, 10, 111, 186 do more Harm than Good, 115, 273 Overtask Inventors’ Time and Powers, 79 Uncertain as a Lottery, 23, 42, 111, 260, 273 Used as Advertisements, 38

Perpetuity of Property in Patents, 133, 281

Poor Inventors, 42, 58, 62, 111, 237, 257, 262, 267

Prejudices in Favour of Patents, 254

Prices, Patents should not Raise, 21 Raised by Patents, 48, 54, 55, 178, 272

Principles, Patenting of, 274

Priority of Patenting, 113, 118

Processes are now Patented, 13, 14, 19

Profits of Patentees, 30, 34, 37, 52, 61 Go to Parties who have Little Claim, 35, 42, 52, 55, 61, 112, 191

Property, Exclusive Privileges are, 10 in Ideas, Knowledge, Modes, or Inventions, 9, 15, 95, 111, 116, 124, 167, 205, 242, 243, 254, 269, 324 in Land compared with that in Inventions, 132, 281

_Prussia_, 49, 50, 166, 171, 185, 192, 193, 201

QUOTATIONS FROM, OR REFERENCES TO:— Abel, 33, 46, 68 Admiralty, 44, 60, 104 _Annalen de Norddeutschen Bundes_, 279 Armstrong, Sir W., 27, 28, 31, 35, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 57, 82, 90, 103, 257, 258, 262 _Athenæum_, 309, 310 _Avenir Commercial_, 175 _Bacon’s Abridgment_, 17 Bastiat, 161, 276, 277 Barthel, _die Patent-frage_, 279 Bell, 238 Betts, 34 _Bismarck, Count von_, 185, 219 Blaine, Roberton D., 324 Boudron, Aug., 28 _Bookseller_, 307, 309 Bovill, 51 _Brande’s Dictionary_, 13 Brewster, Sir David, 69 Bright, Right Hon. John, 249 British Association, 65 Brunel, I. K., 36, 39, 43, 58, 212 Brunel, Sir M. I., 23, 42 Buller, Justice, 18 Bulwer’s Act, 298 Bunsen, 274 CAIRNS, Lord, 67, 249, 319 CAMPBELL, Lord, 64, 213 CARDWELL, Right Hon. E., 65 _Carpmael_, 38 _Chambers’s Cyclopædia_, 34 Chelmsford, Lord, 41 Chevalier, M., 73, 80, 164, 198, 210, 211, 220, 221, 249, 278 Clode, 46, 47 Cobden, Richard, M.P., 63, 249 Coke, Sir E., 16, 20, 21 Collier, Sir R., 251, 254, 266 Conté, 173 Continental Association for Social Sciences, 81 Cook and Wheatstone, 36 Coryton’s _Law of Letters-Patent_, 17, 18, 24 Crane, Sir F., 83 Crossley, Sir F., M.P., 38, 70 Crown Lawyers, 63 Cubitt, Sir W., M.P., 29, 57, 212 Curtis, 24, 28, 32, 282 Daguerre, 169, 209, 218 Daly, Michael, Esq., 326 Douglas, Sir Howard, 45 _Economist_, 251, 255 Economists of Germany, 64, 215 Edmunds, L., Esq., 68 _Engineer_, 50, 269, 282, 285 Erle, Sir W., 67 Eyre, C. J., 18 Fairbairn, W., 67 Fairrie, John, 56 Farey, 20, 39 Flachat, E., 277 Forster, Right Hon. W. E., 67 Foxwell, 32 Franklin, 172 French Academy of Sciences, 143, 177, 209 Fulton, 143, 238 Garnier, Joseph, 221 Government Establishments, 43, 104, 258 Graham, Sir James, 64 Granville, Earl, 63, 212 Grey, Earl, 65 Griffith, 45 Grotius, 15 Grove, Q.C., 31, 33, 35, 37, 43, 57, 67, 98, 274, 284 Guimet, 171, 182 Hale, W. S., 27 Hall, 43 Hatherley, Lord, 25, 67 _Harmonies Economiques_, 163, 276 Harrowby, Earl of, 64 Hawkins, Serjeant, 16 Heath, Justice, 17 Hills, F. C., 234 Hindmarch, _The Law of Patents_, 14, 17, 282 Hofmann, 177 Holden, 139 Howard, Hon., 53 Howard, M.P., 251, 254 Indian Trade, 47 Ingres, 174 Jamar, Minister of Works in Belgium, 209, 211 _Journal des Economistes_, 124, 281 _Journal of Jurisprudence_, 25, 67 Judges, 63, 212 Klostermann, Dr., 201, 221, 279 Krupp, 171, 206 Lamartine, 200 Lawes, 233 Lefroy, General, 46 Legrand, 65, 277 Le Hardy de Beaulieu, 124, 277, 281 Lennard, M.P., 23 Macfie, M.P., 258, 278 Master of the Rolls, 1851, 63 Maurice, 256 Maury, Lieut., 161 M’Culloch, 69 _Mechanics’ Magazine_, 297, 299 Mill, J. S., 69, 78, 80, 256 Morse, 274 Mundella, M.P., 251, 262, 267 Napoleon, 304 Neilson, 284 Newton, 32, 38, 41, 265 Niepce de St. Victor, 169, 209 Overstone, Lord, 67 Paillottet, 277 _Pall Mall Gazette_, 231 Palmer, Sir R., M.P., 93, 232, 251, 255, 259, 263, 265 Passy, 169 Peel, Sir R., M.P., 23 Percy, Dr., 284 Perkins, 177 Platt, M.P., 29, 30, 33, 40, 57, 103, 258 _Prècis d’Economie Politique_, 153 Purday, Esq., 312, 313 Ransomes, 29 Reeve, Registrar of Privy Council, 51 Reid, Colonel, 56, 212 Reissel, 275 Rendal, J. M., 26, 47 Renouard, 301 Reybaud, L., 138 Ricardo, M.P., 65, 212, 249 Roberts, Richard, 38, 39, 55 Robinson, Admiral, 45 Roche, M.P., 65 Russell, J. Scott, 28, 30, 34, 103, 258, 262 _Saturday Review_, 263 Savornel Lohman, 200 Sciences Sociales, Association des, 81 Simon, of Privy Council, 269 Smith, Adam, 69 Smith, Archibald, 65 Smith, M., Q.C., M.P., 28 _Social Science Association Proceedings_, 14, 32, 42, 243 Société d’Economie Politique, 164, 202 Somerset, Duke of, 44 _Sophismes Economiques_, 155 _Spectator_, 259 Spence, James, 27, 43, 58 Stanley, Lord, M.P., 67, 208, 218, 249, 251, 255, 259 _Stephens’ Commentaries_, 10 Stephenson, 238 Talfourd, Serjeant, 298 Tilliere, 81 Trades Union, 78 _Traité des Droits d’Auteurs_, 297 Tyndal, Chief Justice, 17 Vermeire, 276, 277, 279 Visvering, Professor, 200 Waddington, H., 67 Walkoff, 153, 154 War Office, 46, 60, 104 Watt, 171 Webster, Thomas, Q.C., 26, 31, 35, 36 West India Association, 48 Whittle, Lowry, 54 Wintgens, 219, 222, 224 Wolowski, Professor, 82, 221 Woodcroft, 15, 32, 37, 56, 87 Young, 101

Recompense, Futility of Inventors’ Claim for, 131

Registration of Improvements, 86, 270

Remedies Suggested, 37, 72

RENOUARD, 294, 301

Repealing of Patents, Rare, 35

Results of Bad Law, 175

Rewards, State, 71, 80, 84, 94, 114, 171, 238, 247, 274, 288, 333

_Rhine_ Countries, 230

Rights of Inventors a Modernism, 16 of the Community, 142, 206

ROGERS, Professor THOROLD, viii

Royalties under Patents are a Differential Duty, 51 are a Tax, 49, 74, 102 for Remunerating Authors, 293, 298, 315 Heavy to Patentees, 50, 274, 285 to Authors, see “Copyright”

Ruin of a Firm by Refusal of Patent Licences, 53

“Saturday Review”, 263

_Saxony_, 50

Scheme for International Patents, 250 for Modifying Patent System, 248 for Royalties to Authors, 296

Science, Men of, 36, 58, 64, 98, 168, 170, 176, 228

_Scotland_, 19, 82, 99, 283

Secrecy and Concealment, 40, 47, 56, 88, 114, 158, 194

Sentimentalism, 18, 123

Simultaneousness of Inventions, 25, 26, 35, 36, 45, 54, 95, 113, 204, 209, 253, 261, 265

Smuggling of Books into _Canada_, 309

“Spectator”, 259

Speculation in Patents, 53, 112, 260, 275

STANLEY, Lord, M.P., 67, 109, 208

State is not Bound to Grant Patents, 10 its Duty, 76 makes Preposterous Concessions in Patents, 74, 78, 141

Statute of Monopolies Quoted, 11, 20, 21, 22, 47, 59, 60, 88, 282

Steps in Invention, 136, 147, 169, 253, 258

STIRLING, JAMES, Esq., 116

Substitute for Patents should be Sought for, 115

Sugar Refiners, 19, 48, 51, 54, 65, 82

_Switzerland_, 49, 68, 167, 191, 193, 198, 201, 236, 247, 249, 254, 275, 280

“Times, The”, 251

Titles Suggested, 86

Trade, Board of, 249, 317 in Books, 293, 294, 308, 312, 331, 332 Interfered with by Patents, 47, 51, 52, 65, 81, 166 Marks, 326, 328

Trades Union, 78

_United Kingdom_, 193, 197, 324

_United States_, 193, 197, 199, 282, 296, 297, 307, 317, 331, 332

Usefulness of a Patent System, 56, 57, 97, 161, 258, 273

Vending, 282 not Prohibited in _Germany_, 193

VERMEIRE, 276

VOORTHUYSEN, VAN, 218, 224

Wages, Effect of Patents on, 62

WATTS, THOMAS, Esq., 297

_West India_ Association’s Policy as to Patents, 48

_Würtemberg_, 192

ERRATA.

On page 70, two lines from bottom, read Francis instead of Joseph.

” 92, line 13, for command read commend; and insert a comma after the word inaugurate in next line.

Transcriber’s Note: These two amendments have been made, and in addition, a number of minor typographical errors were identified and corrected.

LONDON: W. J. JOHNSON, PRINTER, 121, FLEET STREET.

THE PATENT QUESTION UNDER FREE TRADE:

A SOLUTION OF DIFFICULTIES BY ABOLISHING OR SHORTENING THE INVENTORS’ MONOPOLY, AND INSTITUTING NATIONAL RECOMPENSES.

A PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE Congress of the Association for the Promotion of Social Science, AT EDINBURGH, OCTOBER, 1863, BY ROBERT ANDREW MACFIE, PRESIDENT OF THE LIVERPOOL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.

TO WHICH ARE ADDED TRANSLATIONS OF RECENT CONTRIBUTIONS TO PATENT REFORM BY M. CHEVALIER AND OTHER CONTINENTAL ECONOMISTS.

LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER. 1864.

PRICE ONE SHILLING (By Post for 13 Stamps).