book iii. ch. iv.; Calmet, ‘Dissertation sur les Esprits’; Maury,

‘Magie,’ &c.; Lecky, ‘Hist. of Rationalism.’ Among particular passages are Tertull. Apolog. 23; De Spectaculis, 26; Chrysostom. Homil. xxviii. in Matth. iv.; Cyril. Hierosol. Catech. xvi. 16; Minuc. Fel. Octavius. xxi.; Concil. Carthag. iv.; &c., &c.

Footnote 299:

Details in Cockayne, ‘Leechdoms, &c., of Early England,’ vol. i. p. 365, vol. ii. p. 137, 355; Sprenger, ‘Malleus Maleficarum,’ part ii.; Calmet, ‘Dissertation,’ vol. i. ch. xxiv.; Horst, ‘Zauber-Bibliothek’; Bastian, ‘Mensch,’ vol. ii. p. 557, &c.; ‘Psychologie,’ p. 115, &c.; Voltaire, ‘Questions sur l’Encyclopédie,’ art., ‘Superstition’; ‘Encyclopædia Britannica,’ 5th ed. art. ‘Possession.’

Footnote 300:

See Maury, ‘Magie,’ &c., part ii. ch. ii.

Footnote 301:

A. Constans, ‘Rel. sur une Epidémie d’Hystéro-Démonopathie, en 1861.’ 2nd ed. Paris, 1863. For descriptions of such outbreaks, among the North American Indians, see Le Jeune in ‘Rel. des Jés. dans la Nouvelle France,’ 1639; Brinton, p. 275; and in Guinea, see J. L. Wilson, ‘Western Africa,’ p. 217.

Footnote 302:

Gaume, ‘L’Eau Bénite au Dix-Neuvième Siècle,’ 3rd ed. Paris, 1866, p. 353.

Footnote 303:

West, in ‘Spiritual Telegraph,’ cited by Bastian.

Footnote 304:

(C. de Brosses.) ‘Du culte des dieux fétiches ou Parallèle de l’ancienne Religion de l’Egypte avec la religion actuelle de Nigritie.’ 1760. (De Brosses supposed the word _fétiche_ connected with _chose fée, fatum_.)

Footnote 305:

Grey, ‘Australia,’ vol. ii. p. 337; Eyre, ‘Australia,’ vol. ii. p. 362; Oldfield in ‘Tr. Eth. Soc.’ vol. iii. p. 235, &c.; G. F. Moore, ‘Vocab. of S. W. Austr.’ pp. 18, 98, 103. See Bonwick, ‘Tasmanians,’ p. 195.

Footnote 306:

Rochefort, ‘Iles Antilles,’ pp. 419, 508; J. G. Müller, pp. 173, 207, 217.

Footnote 307:

Ellis, ‘Madagascar,’ vol. i. pp. 221, 232, 422.

Footnote 308:

St. John, ‘Far East,’ vol. i. p. 211, see 72.

Footnote 309:

Callaway, ‘Religion of Amazulu,’ p. 314.

Footnote 310:

Steinhauser, l.c. p. 141. See also Steere, ‘East Afr. Tribes,’ in ‘Journ. Anthrop. Soc.’ vol. i. p. cxlviii.

Footnote 311:

Burton, ‘Central Africa,’ vol. ii. p. 352. See ‘Sindh,’ p. 177.

Footnote 312:

Bastian, ‘Oestl. Asien,’ vol. iii. p. 275.

Footnote 313:

‘Early Hist. of Mankind,’ ch. x. See Bastian, ‘Mensch,’ vol. ii. p. 116, &c.

Footnote 314:

Plin. xxx. 14, 20. Cardan, ‘De Var. Rerum,’ cap. xliii.

Footnote 315:

Ward, ‘Hindoos,’ vol. i. p. 134, vol. ii. p. 247.

Footnote 316:

Doolittle, ‘Chinese,’ vol. i. p. 122.

Footnote 317:

Grimm, ‘D. M.’ pp. 1118-23; Wuttke, ‘Volksaberglaube,’ pp. 155-70; Brand, ‘Pop. Ant.’ vol. ii. p. 375, vol. iii. p. 286; Halliwell, ‘Pop. Rhymes,’ p. 208; R. Hunt, ‘Pop. Romances,’ 2nd Series, p. 211; Hylten-Cavallius, ‘Wärend och Wirdarne,’ vol. i. p. 173. It is said, however, that rags fastened on trees by Gypsies, which passers-by avoid with horror as having diseases thus banned into them, are only signs left for the information of fellow vagrants; Liebich, ‘Die Zigeuner,’ p. 96.

Footnote 318:

Catlin, ‘N. A. Indians,’ vol. i. p. 90.

Footnote 319:

J. L. Wilson, ‘W. Africa,’ p. 394.

Footnote 320:

Meiners, ‘Gesch. der Rel.’ vol. i. p. 305; J. G. Müller, p. 209.

Footnote 321:

Mason, Karens, l.c. p. 231.

Footnote 322:

Meiners, vol. ii. pp. 721-3.

Footnote 323:

Rochefort, ‘Iles Antilles,’ p. 418. See Martius, ‘Ethnog. Amer.’ vol. i. p. 485 (Yumanas swallow ashes of deceased with liquor, that he may live again in them).

Footnote 324:

Hunter, ‘Rural Bengal,’ p. 210. See Bastian, ‘Psychologie,’ p. 73; J. G. Müller, ‘Amer. Urrel.’ pp. 209, 262, 289, 401, 419.

Footnote 325:

Darwin, ‘Journal,’ p. 458.

Footnote 326:

Bastian, ‘Mensch,’ vol. ii. p. 320.

Footnote 327:

‘Report of Jubbulpore Ethnological Committee,’ Nagpore, 1868, part i. p. 5.

Footnote 328:

Doolittle, ‘Chinese,’ vol. i. pp. 151, 207, 214, vol. ii. p. 401; see Plath, ‘Religion der alten Chinesen,’ part i. p. 59, part ii. p. 101.

Footnote 329:

Castrén, ‘Finn. Myth.’ p. 187; Dasent, ‘Norse Tales,’ p. 69; Lane, ‘Thousand and One Nights,’ vol. iii. p. 316; Grimm, ‘D. M.’ p. 1033. See also Bastian, ‘Psychologie,’ p. 213. Eisenmenger, ‘Judenthum,’