CHAPTER II

SUMMARY OF EXTERNAL SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT

───────────────────────┬────────────────────┬────────────────────────── DISEASE │ EXTERNAL SYMPTOMS │ TREATMENT ───────────────────────┼────────────────────┼────────────────────────── │ _1. Diseases affecting head_ │ _and respiratory organs_: │ │ Air under skin (see Emphysema). │ │ Apoplexy │ Staggering gait and│ Keep fowl quiet; put in a │ appearances of a │ dark place; │ sudden fit │ give Epsom salts. │ │ Aspergillosis │ Loss of weight │ Avoid musty grain and straw. │ │ Brooder pneumonia │ Affects chickens; │ No cure; prevent by strict │ whitish diarrhea;│ sanitary methods. │ many deaths │ │ │ Bronchitis (croup) │ Rattling in throat│ Paint throat with iodine. │ │ Canker (see Roup). │ │ │ Catarrh, contagious (see Roup). │ │ Chicken pox │ Scabby, wart-like │ Gently scrape off scab │ growths on head │ and paint with iodine. │ and comb │ │ │ Cold (catarrh) │ Running at nose and│ Isolate and syringe │ eyes │ nostrils with 2% │ │ carbolic acid. │ │ Congestion of lungs │ │ (see Pneumonia). │ │ │ │ Conjunctivitis—sore │ │ eyes (see Roup). │ │ │ │ Diphtheria │Yellowish patches on│ Isolate; paint patches (diphtheritic roup) │ throat following an│ with hydrogen peroxide or │ attack of roup │ iodine; best to kill fowl. │ │ Emphysema │ Skin puffed out │ Puncture with needle. │ │ Epilepsy │ Bird has fit │ If worms are believed to be │ │ the cause give santonin. │ │ Favus │ Scurfy patches on │ Anoint with sulphur │ comb and upper │ ointment or iodine. │ portion of neck │ │ │ Frost bite │ Frozen wattles │ Rub with vaseline. │ Influenza—grippe (see Cold). │ │ Roup │ Nostrils caked with│ Isolate; syringe nostrils │ offensive smelling │ with 5% carbolic acid; │ exudate │ best to kill fowl with │ │ bad attack. │ │ Pip │ Hardened scale on │ Soften and remove. │ tip of tongue │ │ │ Pneumonia │ Great difficulty │ Paint shoulders above lungs │ in breathing │ with iodine; generally │ │ incurable. │ │ Sore head (see Chicken pox). │ │ Vertigo (see Epilepsy). │ │ White comb (see Favus). │ │ _2. Diseases affecting_ │ _organs of digestion_ │ _and reproduction_: │ │ Blackhead of turkeys │ Drooping wings; │ Strict sanitary measures; │ dullness; many │ difficult to control. │ deaths │ Cancer (see Liver diseases │ and Ovary diseases). │ │ │ Catarrh of crop │ Distended crop with│ Empty crop; diet │ offensive liquid │ sparingly. │ │ Catarrh of stomach │ │ (see Gastritis). │ │ │ │ Cholera │ Yellow feces; bad │ No cure known; kill fowl │ diarrhea; sudden │ and burn body; take every │ death of several │ precaution to prevent │ birds │ spread. │ │ Cloacitis │Offensive discharges│ Syringe out cloaca. │ from cloaca │ │ │ Constipation │Unsuccessful efforts│ Give castor oil; supply │ to evacuate │ green food and make bird │ │ scratch for grain. │ │ Coccidiosis of adult │Loss of weight, │ No remedies. fowls │ diarrhea │ │ │ Coccidiosis of chickens│ │ (see White diarrhea). │ │ │ │ Coccidiosis of turkeys │ │ (see Blackhead). │ │ │ │ Crop-bound │ Distended crop │ Pour sweet oil down throat │ │ and knead crop, holding │ │ fowl’s head down; or slit │ │ crop and remove food. │ │ Diarrhea │ Frequent passing of│ Isolate for fear of │ liquid excreta; │ epidemics; in bad cases │ soiled vent │ give 6 to 10 drops │ │ chlorodyne. │ │ Dropsy │ Distention of │ Kill bird or puncture │ abdomen │ abdomen. │ │ Dysentery │Bad form of diarrhea│ Treat as for bad cases │ distinguished by │ of diarrhea. │blood in the excreta│ │ │ Egg-bound │ Unsuccessful │ Remove egg. │ efforts to lay │ │ Enteritis (see Diarrhea). │ │ Fatty degeneration │Sudden death; │ Change diet of others. │ excessively fat │ │ Fowl typhoid (see Cholera). │ │ Gastritis │Dullness; loss of │ Empty stomach; give castor │ appetite │ oil and easily digested │ │ food. Impaction of crop │ │ (see Crop-bound). │ │ │ │ Indigestion │Difficult to │ Change diet. │ diagnose │ │ │ Jaundice │Yellowish comb │ One grain of calomel and │ │ green food. Leukemia (see Cholera).│ │ │ │ Liver diseases │Difficult to │ Change diet. │ diagnose │ │ │ Ovary diseases │Irregularity in egg │ No remedies. │ production │ │ │ Oviduct diseases │Prolapse of oviduct │ Vaseline and replace. │ │ Peritonitis │Fever; pain in │ Aconite and opium. │ abdomen │ │ │ Pyæmia │No external symptoms│ No remedy. │ │ Soft crop │Distended and soft │ Empty crop; diet │ crop │ sparingly. │ │ Tuberculosis │Wasting away; │ Kill affected birds; │ lamenesss │ disinfect poultry houses, │ │ etc. │ │ White diarrhea of │ Dullness; many │ Proper feeding; thorough chickens │ deaths; whitish │ disinfection; difficult │ diarrhea │ to control. │ _3. Diseases affecting legs_ │ _and feet_: │ │ │ Bumblefoot │ Swelling on pad of │ Lance, if bad; paint with │ foot │ iodine; lower perches. │ │ Cramp │ Difficulty in │ Hold legs in warm water; │ standing straight │ rub with embrocation; │ │ keep bird in dry place. │ │ Fractures │Broken shank or wing│ Splints. │ │ Gout │ Pain in joints of │ Difficult to cure; rub │ legs and difficulty│ joints with embrocation. │ in standing │ │ │ Leg weakness │ Unsteady walk │ Select breeders. │ │ Rheumatism │Stiffness in joints;│ Rub legs with embrocation; │ difficult to │ keep bird in dry place. │ distinguish from │ │ cramp and gout │ │ │ _4. Parasites_: │ │ │ │ Fleas │ On hen and in nest │ Dust with insect powder; │ straw │ burn infested straw │ │ Gape worms │Gaping of chicks and│ Extract by pushing feather │ effort to dislodge │ moistened with turpentine │ something in throat│ down windpipe. │ or windpipe │ │ │ Lice │Unthrifty condition │ Dust fowl with insect │ of birds; desertion│ powder; grease head and │ of nests by setting│ neck of chickens; spray │ hens │ woodwork. │ │ Maggots │ Running wound │ Remove maggots; treat with │ │ creolin or carbolic acid. │ │ Mites (air sac) │ In bad cases, │ Difficult to treat. │ suffocation │ │ │ Mites (depluming) │ Bare patches │ Sulphur ointment. │ │ Mites (red) │ Examine roosts at │ Kerosene. │ night │ Scabies (see Mites, │ │ depluming). │ │ │ │ Scaly leg │ Uneven crusts on │ Scrub with soap and water; │ legs │ kerosene oil or sulphur │ │ ointment.

Ticks │Birds suffering │ Remove ticks from fowl; │from the fever; │ spray perches, etc., with │ticks found on body,│ 5% creolin. │especially at night │ │ │ Worms │ Loss of weight; │ Give 3 to 5 grains santonin, │ segments of worms │ followed by 2 teaspoonfuls │ in excreta │ castor oil. _5. Miscellaneous_: │ │ │ │ Abscesses │ Swelling with pus │ Lance and dress with │ │ healing oil. │ │ Anæmia │ Loss of weight and │ Search for cause and treat. │ unthrifty condition│ │ │ Breakdown │ Enlarged and │ No satisfactory treatment. │ pendulent abdomen │ │ │ Egg-eating │ Remains of eggs │ Trap nests. │ │ Feather-eating │ Injured plumage │ Isolation of culprit. │ │ Going light (see Anæmia) │ │ │ Heart, diseases of │No external symptoms│ No treatment possible. │ │ Limber-neck │ Muscles of neck │ Try purgative to correct │ unable to support │ cause. │ head │ │ │ Kidney diseases │No external symptoms│ No treatment except for │ except in gout │ gout. │ │ Molting │ Unthrifty condition│ Feed up and give tonic. │ of bird │ │ │ Poisoning │ Evidence of pain │ Give milk, white of egg │ and depression │ and a stimulant.