Part 5

Another Viennese miniature painter whose work we illustrate is Moritz Michael Daffinger, who has been called the Austrian Isabey, but these comparisons, like that applied to Füger, are of little significance. What is of special interest with regard to Daffinger is the fact that he adopted the manner of Sir Thomas Lawrence as his own. Lawrence visited Vienna in 1814, and was received with great honour. While there he painted some portraits. Daffinger admired his work immensely, and undoubtedly some of his best miniatures are reminiscent of Lawrence. Especially is this the case with a beautiful girl's portrait from the collection of another Viennese collector, Gräfin Emma Wilczek-Emo-Capodilista; and for permission to illustrate this delightful miniature (Plate LIV.) we are particularly grateful, as it is a charming specimen of the best work of the nineteenth century, a pleasing portrait, and very agreeable in its colour scheme.

Daffinger had many pupils, and one of them, Emanuel Peter, exceeded all the rest in skill. We illustrate two clever portraits by him (Plate LV.), from Dr. Figdor's collection, in which the ladies are wearing very decorative head-dresses. It is suggested that the two fair sitters were relatives, probably cousins, and were painted for some exceptional occasion, perhaps a masquerade, as the custom to wear fantastic head-dresses for such special entertainments still prevails in Vienna.

Finally we must mention Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller, whose own portrait by himself appears on Plate LVI. He was one of Lampi's pupils, but, like Daffinger, a profound admirer of Sir Thomas Lawrence. His early days were one continual struggle, and he earned his living by painting bon-bon boxes, and by giving lessons in drawing in girls' schools, until his skill was recognised and he had won a position for himself in Vienna. He even went on the stage in a travelling troupe with his beautiful wife, who was an actress, but forced the attention of critics by his splendid portrait studies, and at length was appointed curator of the Lamberg Gallery, became a popular portrait painter, and died in 1865 justly esteemed for his skill and ability.

Our survey of this fascinating art of the miniature painter has necessarily been brief. There is still a good deal of information to be gathered up concerning the eighteenth-century artists, and probably some of their descendants possess papers and records of vast interest, hidden away amongst family treasures. Perchance this essay may encourage some of them to make the necessary search, and so add to the information available on the lives and careers, especially of our English miniature painters.

Of the earlier men there is not much chance of obtaining new information now, but there is always a possibility that letters or sketches by such a painter as Cooper may again come to light, and if such so fortunate a circumstance were to take place we should delight to learn more of the greatest of our British miniature painters, whose portraits were for so many years ignored in favour of the more brilliant, but far less important, works of the painters who exhibited in the early days of the Royal Academy.

GEORGE C. WILLIAMSON.

PLATE I [Illustration: MRS. PEMBERTON BY HANS HOLBEIN FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE II [Illustration: QUEEN ELIZABETH BY NICHOLAS HILLIARD FROM THE CABINET OF A WELL-KNOWN COLLECTOR]

PLATE III [Illustration: PHILIP II., KING OF SPAIN BY ISAAC OLIVER MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS BY NICHOLAS HILLIARD QUEEN ANNE OF DENMARK BY ISAAC OLIVER ALL FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE IV [Illustration: A SON OF SIR KENELM DIGBY BY ISAAC OLIVER (1632) FREDERICK, KING OF BOHEMIA BY ISAAC OLIVER THE QUEEN OF BOHEMIA BY ISAAC OLIVER ALL FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE RT. HON. SIR CHARLES DILKE, BART., M.P.]

PLATE V [Illustration: THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM BY JOHN HOSKINS, THE ELDER FROM THE CABINET OF A WELL-KNOWN COLLECTOR]

PLATE VI [Illustration: QUEEN HENRIETTA MARIA BY JOHN HOSKINS, THE ELDER FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE VII [Illustration: CHARLES II BY SAMUEL COOPER JOHN, EARL OF LOUDOUN (1598-1662) BY SAMUEL COOPER BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE VIII [Illustration: COLONEL LILBURNE (1618-1657) BY SAMUEL COOPER VISCOUNTESS FAUCONBERG, DAUGHTER OF OLIVER CROMWELL BY SAMUEL COOPER BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. E. M. HODGKINS]

PLATE IX [Illustration: MISS CHRISTIAN TEMPLE BY OR AFTER SAMUEL COOPER FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE RT. HON. SIR CHARLES DILKE, BART., M.P. RACHEL FANE, COUNTESS OF BATH AND LATER OF MIDDLESEX (1612-1680) BY DAVID DES GRANGES FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. E. M. HODGKINS]

PLATE X [Illustration: JOHN MILTON ARTIST UNKNOWN FROM THE COLLECTION OF DR. G. C. WILLIAMSON]

PLATE XI [Illustration: GEORGE, PRINCE OF DENMARK BY CHRISTIAN RICHTER FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. E. M. HODGKINS]

PLATE XII [Illustration: MADAME DU BARRY (1746-1793) BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XIII [Illustration: VISCOUNTESS ST. ASAPH (_NÉE_ LADY CHARLOTTE PERCY) SECOND WIFE OF GEORGE, VISCOUNT ST. ASAPH, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL OF ASHBURNHAM BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XIV [Illustration: LADY AUGUSTA MURRAY WIFE OF THE DUKE OF SUSSEX BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. HENRIETTA, LADY DUNCANNON AFTERWARDS COUNTESS OF BESSBOROUGH (Os. 1821) BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XV [Illustration: LUCY, WIFE OF WILLIAM H. NASSAU, FOURTH EARL OF ROCHFORD BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XVI [Illustration: H.R.H. PRINCESS CHARLOTTE OF WALES (1796-1817) BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XVII [Illustration: HENRY TUFTON, ELEVENTH AND LAST EARL OF THANET (1775-1849) BY RICHARD COSWAY, R.A. FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XVIII [Illustration: SIR CHARLES OAKELEY (1751-1826) BY JOHN SMART PORTRAIT OF A LADY (NAME UNKNOWN) BY JOHN SMART BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XIX [Illustration: THE HON. EDWARD PERCIVAL, SECOND SON OF JOHN, SECOND EARL OF EGMONT (1744-1824) BY JOHN SMART (1801) THE HON. MRS. EDWARD PERCIVAL BY JOHN SMART BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XX [Illustration: EARL BEAUCHAMP BY GEORGE ENGLEHEART (1805) FROM THE COLLECTION OF LADY MARIA PONSONBY]

PLATE XXI [Illustration: MISS MARY BERRY BY GEORGE ENGLEHEART FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XXII [Illustration: MRS. SAINTHILL BY GEORGE ENGLEHEART JOHN JELLIARD BRUNDISH, M.A. SMITH PRIZEMAN AND SENIOR WRANGLER IN 1773 BY GEORGE ENGLEHEART BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXIII [Illustration: REBECCA, LADY NORTHWICK (Ob. 1818) BY ANDREW PLIMER FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XXIV [Illustration: THE HON. HARRIET RUSHOUT (Ob. 1851) BY ANDREW PLIMER THE HON. ANNE RUSHOUT (Ob. 1849) BY ANDREW PLIMER THE HON. ELIZABETH RUSHOUT (Ob. 1862) BY ANDREW PLIMER ALL FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XXV [Illustration: ELIZABETH, MARGARET CAROLINE AND ANTOINETTE, DAUGHTERS OF JOHN ELLIS, ESQ. OF HURLINGHAM, MIDDLESEX AND JAMAICA BY ANDREW PLIMER ALL FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXVI [Illustration: SELINA PLIMER BY ANDREW PLIMER FROM THE COLLECTION OF DR. G. C. WILLIAMSON]

PLATE XXVII [Illustration: THE SISTERS RUSHOUT BY ANDREW PLIMER FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXVIII [Illustration: MRS. BAILEY, WIFE OF LIEUTENANT BAILEY, WHO WAS PRESENT AT THE STORMING OF SERINGAPATAM IN 1799 BY ANDREW PLIMER FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXIX [Illustration: SIR CHARLES KENT, BART., AS A CHILD BY ANDREW PLIMER (1786) FROM THE COLLECTION OF LADY MARIA PONSONBY MRS. DAWES BY NATHANIEL PLIMER (1798) FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXX [Illustration: CHARLOTTE, DUCHESS OF ALBANY, DAUGHTER OF CHARLES EDWARD STUART BY CLEMENTINA, TENTH DAUGHTER OF JOHN WALKENSHAW (1753-1789) BY OZIAS HUMPHRY MARY, WIFE OF THE EIGHTH EARL OF THANET (Ob. 1778) BY OZIAS HUMPHRY BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXXI [Illustration: LIEUTENANT LYGON BY JOHN SMART, JUN. (1803) FROM THE COLLECTION OF LADY MARIA PONSONBY]

PLATE XXXII [Illustration: LADY MARY ELIZABETH NUGENT, AFTERWARDS MARCHIONESS OF BUCKINGHAM, AND IN HER OWN RIGHT, BARONESS NUGENT (Ob. 1812) BY HORACE HONE FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXXIII [Illustration: MISS VINCENT BY VASLET OF BATH FROM THE COLLECTION OF LORD HOTHFIELD]

PLATE XXXIV [Illustration: THE COUNTESS OF JERSEY BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER (1819) FROM THE COLLECTION OF LADY MARIA PONSONBY]

PLATE XXXV [Illustration: LOUIS XIV BY JEAN PETITOT, THE ELDER FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. WARD USHER]

PLATE XXXVI [Illustration: CHARLES I. BY P. PRIEUR MARY, DUCHESS OF RICHMOND AND LENOX (1623-1685) BY JEAN PETITOT THE ELDER (1643) BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XXXVII [Illustration: MADAME DUPIN (Ob. 1799) BY JEAN MARC NATTIER THE COUNTESS SOPHIE POTOCKI (Ob. 1822) BY P. A. HALL LA PRINCESSE DE LAMBALLE (Ob. 1792) BY P. A. HALL ALL FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XXXVIII [Illustration: PORTRAIT OF A BOY (NAME UNKNOWN) BY JEAN HONORÉ FRAGONARD PORTRAIT OF A LADY (NAME UNKNOWN) BY PIERRE PASQUIER (1786) BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XXXIX [Illustration: A GRAND-DAUGHTER OF NATTIER, THE ARTIST BY LOUIS SICARDI LA MARQUISE DE VILLETTE ("BELLE ET BONNE") BY GARRIOT BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XL [Illustration: THE EMPRESS JOSEPHINE BY JEAN BAPTISTE ISABEY THE EMPRESS MARIE LOUISE BY JEAN BAPTISTE ISABEY BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. WARD USHER]

PLATE XLI [Illustration: CATHARINE, COUNTESS BEAUCHAMP BY JEAN BAPTISTE ISABEY FROM THE COLLECTION OF LADY MARIA PONSONBY]

PLATE XLII [Illustration: FÜRSTIN KATHARINA BAGRATION SKAWRONSKA BY JEAN BAPTISTE ISABEY (1812) FROM THE COLLECTION OF FÜRST FRANZ AUERSPERG]

PLATE XLIII [Illustration: LA PRINCESSE DE LIEVEN (_NÉE_ DOROTHY BENCKENDORFF) (1784-1857) BY E. W. THOMPSON QUEEN HORTENSE AND HER SON, AFTERWARDS NAPOLEON III (1808-1873) BY JEAN BAPTISTE ISABEY BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XLIV [Illustration: MADAME DE BOUFFLERS (1725-1800) BY J. B. JACQUES AUGUSTIN THE FATHER OF MADAME SEGUIN BY J. B. JACQUES AUGUSTIN BOTH FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J PIERPONT MORGAN]

PLATE XLV [Illustration: MADAME RÉCAMIER BY J. B. JACQUES AUGUSTIN FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. WARD USHER]

PLATE XLVI [Illustration: MARIE ANTOINETTE BY M. V. COSTA FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. WARD USHER]

PLATE XLVII [Illustration: PRINCESS PAULINE BORGHESE BY B. ANGUISSOLA FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. J. WARD USHER]

PLATE XLVIII [Illustration: PRINCE FRANZ W. HOHENLOHE BY HEINRICH FRIEDRICH FÜGER FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE XLIX [Illustration: PORTRAIT OF A LADY--NAME UNKNOWN BY HEINRICH FRIEDRICH FÜGER (CIRCA 1790) FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE L [Illustration: EMPRESS MARIA THERESIA, SECOND WIFE OF THE EMPEROR FRANCIS I OF AUSTRIA BY HEINRICH FRIEDRICH FÜGER FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE LI [Illustration: MARIE THERESIA, COUNTESS VON DIETRICHSTEIN BY HEINRICH FRIEDRICH FÜGER FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE LII [Illustration: FÜRSTIN ANNA LIECHTENSTEIN-KHEVENHÜLLER BY HEINRICH FRIEDRICH FÜGER (CIRCA 1795) FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE LIII [Illustration: PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST BY GIOVANNI BATTISTA DE LAMPI FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE LIV [Illustration: GRÄFIN SOPHIE NARISKINE BY MORITZ MICHAEL DAFFINGER (CIRCA 1835) FROM THE COLLECTION OF GRÄFIN EMMA WILCZEK-EMO-CAPODILISTA]

PLATE LV [Illustration: PORTRAIT OF A LADY--NAME UNKNOWN BY EMANUEL PETER GRÄFIN SIDONIE POTOCKA--DE LIGNE BY EMANUEL PETER FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

PLATE LVI [Illustration: PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST (1793-1885) BY FERDINAND GEORG WALDMÜLLER FROM THE FIGDOR COLLECTION]

+---------------------------------------------------------------+ | Transcriber's Note: | | | | Obvious punctuation and spelling errors repaired. | +---------------------------------------------------------------+

End of Project Gutenberg's Portrait Miniatures, by George C. Williamson