Owen Glyndwr and the Last Struggle for Welsh Independence With a Brief Sketch of Welsh History

The main subject of this book is the man whose memory, above that of all other men, the Welsh as a people delight to honour, and that period of Welsh history which he made so st...

As I have led up to the advent of Glyndwr with a rough outline of Welsh history prior to his day, I will now cast a brief glance at the period which followed. English people hav...

North Wales, as already mentioned, was being now administered by the young Prince Henry, with the help of a council whose headquarters were at Chester. Under their orders, and t...

The opening of the year 1403 was a time full of promise for Owen's cause. The western castles by whose capture he set such store were hard pressed. Llandovery in the Vale of Tow...

"... At my birth The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes; The goats ran from the mountains, and the herds Were strangely clamorous to the frighted fields. These signs have...

Glyndwr was now, by the lowest estimate, in his forty-sixth year. For that period, when manhood began early, and old age, if it came at all, came quickly, he certainly carried h...

Reginald, Lord Grey, of Ruthin, the prime cause of all the wars that devastated Wales and the English Marches throughout the first ten years of the fifteenth century, was a typi...

King Henry's fourth expedition against Glyndwr, in spite of all the talk, the preparations, the hard-wrung money grants, the prayers and supplications for aid, will make but sca...

As if the world of Britain were not already sufficiently excited, the spring of 1402 opened with tremendous portents. In the month of February a comet with its fiery streaming t...

The chief event of the early part of the new year was the signing of that Tripartite Indenture which I have already spoken of as being so often attributed to the period before t...

Little is known of Owen's movements during the first half of the year 1407. Entries here and there upon the Rolls indicate that no improvement so far as the general peace of Wal...

Of the last six years of Owen's life, those from 1410 to 1416, there is little to be said. His cause was hopelessly lost and he had quite ceased to be dangerous. Wales was recon...

The Romans in Wales--Cunedda--Christianity--Arrival of Saxons--Their Conquest of Severn Valley--The Latin and Welsh Churches--The Three Divisions of Wales--Arrival of Danes--Str...

Desolation of Wales--Owen's Methods of Warfare--Country Houses of the Period--Welsh Rural Life and Population-- Glyndwr Not a Rebel--Lady Despencer and the Young Princes-- Princ...

The King in Need of Money--Prince Henry at Shrewsbury-- He Destroys Owen's Property--Letter from the Prince Concerning this--Glyndwr in the Vale of Towy--Victory of Anglo-Flemin...

Beleaguered Castles--The King Invades Wales--He Reaches Carmarthen and Hurries Home Again--Glyndwr Takes more Castles and harries Herefordshire--The French Land at Carmarthen--A...

Hotspur in North Wales--Prince Henry--Conway Taken by the Welsh--Retaken by the English--Percy Acts against the Welsh--Owen Goes to Plinlimmon--War Carried to the South--Fleming...

Owen's Movements Vague--The King Failing in Health but Anxious to Enter Wales--Preparations for Siege of Aberystwith--The King Shrinks from Going to Wales--A General Pestilence-...

Lord Grey of Ruthin--Anglo-Welsh Towns--Owen's Unsuccessful Lawsuit--Contemptuous Treatment by the English Court-- Bad Faith of Grey towards Owen--Griffith ap David--Grey Appeal...

Portents--Bishop Trevor--Howel Sele--Mortimer Defeated at Pilleth, and Taken Prisoner--The King Refuses to Ransom Mortimer--Glyndwr in Carnarvonshire--Great Invasion of Wales by...

Harsh Laws Enacted against the Welsh--Davy Gam--A General Pardon Offered by Henry V.--Owen an Outlaw in the Mountains--Owen, Left Alone, Disappears from History-- Henry V. Sends...

The Tripartite Indenture--Defeat and Execution of Lord Percy and Bardolph--Owen's Letter from Pennal to the King of France--The Papal Schism--Owen's Star Waning-- Anglesey--Deje...