Part 36
Te igitur, clementissime Pater, per Jesum Christum Filium tuum Dominum nostrum, supplices rogamus ac petimus, uti accepta habeas, et benedicas, hæc dona, hæc munera, hæc sancta sacrificia illibata, imprimis quæ tibi offerimus pro Ecclesia tua sancta Catholica, quam pacificare, custodire, adunare, et regere digneris toto orbe terrarum, una cum famulo tuo Papa nostro N., et Antistite nostro N., et omnibus orthodoxis, atque Catholicæ et Apostolicæ fidei cultoribus.
(We therefore humbly pray and beseech Thee, most merciful Father, through Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Our Lord, to accept and bless these gifts, these presents, these holy unspotted sacrifices, which, in the first place, we offer Thee for Thy holy Catholic Church, to which vouchsafe to grant peace, as also to preserve, unite, and govern it throughout the world; together with Thy servant N., our Pope, and our bishop N., as also all orthodox believers and professors of the Catholic and apostolic faith.)
Commemoration of the Living.
Memento, Domine, famulorum famularumque tuarum, N. et N. Et omnium circumstantium, quorum tibi fides cognita est et nota devotio, pro quibus tibi offerimus, vel qui tibi offerunt hoc sacrificium laudis, pro se, suisque omnibus, pro redemptione animarum suarum, pro spe salutis et incolumitatis suæ, tibique reddunt vota sua, æterno Deo vivi et vero.
(Remember, O Lord, Thy servants of both sexes, N. and N. And all here present whose faith and devotion are known unto Thee, for whom we offer, or who offer up to Thee, this sacrifice of praise, for themselves, their families, and friends, for the redemption of their souls, for the health and salvation they hope for, and for which they now pay their vows to Thee, the eternal, living, and true God.)
Communicantes, et memoriam venerantes, imprimis gloriosæ semper Virginis Mariæ, Genitricis Dei et Domini nostri Jesu Christi: sed et beatorum apostolorum ac martyrum tuorum, Petri et Pauli, Andreæ, Jacobi, Joannis, Thomæ, Jacobi, Philippi, Bartholomæi, Matthæi, Simonis et Thaddæi: Lini, Cleti, Clementis, Xysti, Cornelii, Cypriani, Laurentii, Chrysogoni, Joannis et Pauli, Cosmæ et Damiani, et omnium sanctorum tuorum: quorum meritis precibusque concedas, ut in omnibus protectionis tuæ muniamur auxilio. Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.
(Communicating with, and honoring in the first place, the memory of the ever‐glorious Virgin Mary, Mother of Our Lord and God, Jesus Christ, as also of the blessed apostles and martyrs, Peter and Paul, Andrew, James, John, Thomas, James, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Simon, and Thaddeus: Linus, Cletus, Clement, Xystus, Cornelius, Cyprian, Lawrence, Chrysogonus, John and Paul, Cosmas and Damian, and of all Thy saints, through whose merits and prayers grant that we may be always defended by the help of Thy protection. Through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen.)
Hanc igitur oblationem servitutis nostræ, sed et cunctæ familiæ tuæ, quæsumus, Domine, ut placatus accipias; diesque nostros in tua pace disponas, atque ab æterna damnatione nos eripi, et in electorum tuorum jubeas grege numerari. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.
(We therefore beseech Thee, O Lord, graciously to accept this oblation of our servitude, as also of Thy whole family, and to dispose of our days in Thy peace; preserve us from eternal damnation, and rank us in the number of Thine elect. Through Christ Our Lord. Amen.)
Quam oblationem tu, Deus, in omnibus, quæsumus, benedictam, adscriptam, ratam, rationabilem, acceptabilemque facere digneris: ut nobis corpus et sanguis fiat dilectissimi Filii tui Domini nostri Jesu Christi.
(Which oblation to Thou, O God, vouchsafe in all respects to bless, approve, ratify, and accept, that it may be made for us the body and blood of Thy most beloved Son, Jesus Christ Our Lord.)
The Consecration.
Qui pridie quam pateretur, accepit panem in sanctas ac venerabiles manus suas, et elevatis oculis in cœlum, ad te Deum Patrem suum omnipotentem, tibi gratias agens, benedixit, fregit, deditque discipulis suis, dicens: Accipite, et manducate ex hoc omnes: Hoc est enim corpus meum.
Simili modo postquam cœnatum est, accipiens et hunc præclarum calicem in sanctas ac venerabiles manus suas, item tibi gratias agens, benedixit, deditque discipulis suis, dicens: Accipite, et bibite ex eo omnes: Hic est enim calix sanguinis mei, novi et æterni testamenti: mysterium fidei: qui pro vobis et pro multis effundetur in remissionem peccatorum. Hæc quotiescunque feceritis, in mei memoriam facietis.
After the consecration and elevation the priest proceeds:
Unde et memores, Domine, nos servi tui, sed et plebs tua sancta, ejusdem Christi Filii tui Domini nostri tam beatæ Passionis, necnon et ab inferis resurrectionis, sed et in cœlo gloriosæ ascensionis, offerimus præclaræ majestati tuæ, de tuis donis ac datis, Hostiam puram, Hostiam sanctam, Hostiam immaculatam, panem sanctum vitæ æternæ, et calicem salutis perpetuæ.
(Wherefore, O Lord, we, Thy servants, as also Thy holy people, calling to mind the blessed Passion of the same Christ, Thy Son, Our Lord, His resurrection from the dead and admirable ascension into heaven, offer unto Thy most excellent majesty, of Thy gifts bestowed, a pure Host, a holy Host, an unspotted Host, the holy bread of eternal life, and chalice of everlasting salvation.)
Supra quæ propitio ac sereno vultu respicere digneris, et accepta habere, sicuti accepta habere dignatus es munera pueri tui justi Abel, et sacrificium Patriarchæ nostri Abrahæ, et quod tibi obtulit summus sacerdos tuus Melchisedech, sanctum sacrificium immaculatam, hostiam.
(Upon which vouchsafe to look with a propitious and serene countenance, and to accept them, as Thou wert graciously pleased to accept the gifts of Thy just servant Abel, and the sacrifice of our patriarch Abraham, and that which Thy high priest Melchisedech offered to Thee, a holy sacrifice and an unspotted victim.)
Supplices te rogamus, omnipotens Deus, jube hæc perferri per manus sancti angeli tui in sublime altare tuum, in conspectu divinæ majestatis tuæ, ut quotquot ex hac altaris participatione, sacro‐sanctum Filii tui corpus et sanguinem sumpserimus, omni benedictione cœlesti, et gratia repleamur. Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.
(Most humbly do we beseech Thee, almighty God, to command these things to be carried by the hands of Thy holy angel to the altar on high, in sight of Thy divine majesty, that as many as shall partake of the most sacred body and blood of Thy Son at this altar may be filled with every heavenly grace and blessing. Through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen.)
Commemoration of the Dead.
Memento etiam, Domine, famulorum famularumque tuarum N. et N., qui nos præcesserunt cum signo fidei, et dormiunt in somno pacis.
(Be mindful, O Lord, of Thy servants N. and N., who are gone before us with the sign of faith, and rest in the sleep of peace.)
Here the priest, with hands joined, prays for such of the dead as he wishes to pray for in particular. Then, extending his hands, he continues:
Ipsis, Domine, et omnibus in Christo quiescentibus, locum refrigerii, lucis et pacis, ut indulgeas, deprecamur. Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.
(To these, O Lord, and and to all that sleep in Christ, grant, we beseech Thee, a place of refreshment, light, and peace. Through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen.)
Nobis quoque, peccatoribus, famulis tuis, de multitudine miserationum tuarum sperantibus, partem aliquam et societatem donare digneris cum tuis sanctis apostolis et martyribus: cum Joanne, Stephano, Matthia, Barnaba, Ignatio, Alexandro, Marcellino, Petro, Felicitate, Perpetua, Agatha, Lucia, Agnete, Cæcilia, Anastasia, et omnibus sanctis tuis: intra quorum nos consortium, non æstimator meriti, sed veniæ, quæsumus, largitor admitte. Per Christum Dominum nostrum.
(Also to us sinners, Thy servants, confiding in the multitude of Thy mercies, vouchsafe to grant some part and fellowship with Thy holy apostles and martyrs: with John, Stephen, Matthias, Barnabas, Ignatius, Alexander, Marcellinus, Peter, Felicitas, Perpetua, Agatha, Lucia, Agnes, Cecilia, Anastasia, and all Thy saints; into whose company we beseech Thee to admit us, not in consideration of our merit, but of Thy own pardon. Through Christ Our Lord.)
Per quem hæc omnia, Domine, semper bona creas, sanctificas, vivificas, benedicis et præstas nobis.
(By Whom, O Lord, Thou dost always create, bless, quicken, and give us all these good things,)
Per ipsum, et cum ipso, et in ipso est tibi, Deo Patri omnipotenti, in unitate Spiritus Sancti, omnis honor et gloria.
(By Him, and with Him, and in Him, is to Thee, God the Father almighty, in the unity of the Holy Ghost, all honor and glory.)
Per omnia sæcula sæculorum.
(Forever and ever.)
_R._ Amen.
(_R._ Amen.)
_Oremus._
(_Let us pray._)
The Pater Noster.
Præceptis salutaribus moniti et divina institutione formati, audemus dicere:
(Instructed by Thy saving precepts, and following Thy divine directions, we presume to say:)
Pater noster, qui es in cœlis, sanctificetur nomen tuum; adveniat regnum tuum; fiat voluntas tua sicut in cœlo et in terra. Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie; et dimitte nobis debita nostra, sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris. Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.
(Our Father, Who art in heaven, hallowed be Thy name; Thy kingdom come; Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive them that trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation.)
_R._ Sed libera nos a malo.
(_R._ But deliver us from evil.)
_S._ Amen.
(_P._ Amen.)
Libera nos, quæsumus, Domine, ab omnibus malis, præteritis, præsentibus et futuris: et intercedente beata et gloriosa semper virgine Dei Genitrice Maria, cum beatis apostolis tuis Petro et Paulo, atque Andrea, et omnibus sanctis, da propitius pacem in diebus nostris: ut ope misericordiæ tuæ adjuti, et a peccato simus semper liberi, et ab omni perturbatione securi. Per eundem Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum Filium tuum, qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate Spiritus Sancti Deus: per omnia sæcula sæculorum.
(Deliver us, we beseech Thee, O Lord, from all evils, past, present, and to come: and by the intercession of the blessed and glorious Mary, ever virgin, Mother of God, and of the blessed apostles Peter and Paul, and Andrew, and of all the saints, mercifully grant peace in our days, that through the assistance of Thy mercy we may be always free from sin, and secure from all disturbance. Through the same Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Our Lord, Who with Thee and the Holy Ghost liveth and reigneth God: world without end.)
_R._ Amen.
(_R._ Amen.)
_V._ Pax Domini sit semper vobiscum.
(_V._ The peace of the Lord be always with you.)
_R._ Et cum spiritu tuo.
(_R._ And with thy spirit.)
The priest puts a particle of the Host into the chalice, saying:
Hæc commixtio et consecratio corporis et sanguinis Domini nostri Jesu Christi fiat accipientibus nobis in vitam æternam. Amen.
(May this mixture and consecration of the body and blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ be to us who receive it effectual to eternal life. Amen.)
The priest strikes his breast three times, saying:
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi: miserere nobis.
(Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world: have mercy on us.)
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi: miserere nobis.
(Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world: have mercy on us.)
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi: dona nobis pacem.
(Lamb of God, Who takest away the sins of the world: give us peace.)
In Masses of _Requiem_, instead of _Miserere nobis_ is said: _Dona eis requiem, Grant them rest_; and instead of _Dona nobis pacem_ is said: _Dona eis requiem sempiternam, Grant them eternal rest_. The priest does not strike his breast, nor does he say the first of the following prayers:
Domine Jesu Christe, qui dixisti apostolis tuis: Pacem relinquo vobis, pacem meam do vobis, ne respicias peccata mea, sed fidem Ecclesiæ tuæ, eamque secundum voluntatem tuam pacificare et coadunare digneris. Qui vivis et regnas, Deus, per omnia sæcula sæculorum. Amen.
(Lord Jesus Christ, Who saidst to Thy apostles, I leave you peace, I give you My peace: regard not my sins, but the faith of Thy Church, and grant her that peace and unity which is agreeable to Thy will. Who livest and reignest forever and ever. Amen.)
Domine Jesu Christe, Fili Dei vivi, qui ex voluntate Patris, co‐operante Spiritu Sancto, per mortem tuam mundum vivificasti, libera me per hoc sacro‐sanctum corpus et sanguinem tuum ab omnibus iniquitatibus meis, et universis malis: et fac me tuis semper inhærere mandatis, et a te nunquam separari permittas. Qui cum eodem Deo Patre et Spiritu Sancto vivis et regnas, Deus, in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.
(Lord Jesus Christ, Son of the living God, Who, according to the will of Thy Father, hast by Thy death, through the cooperation of the Holy Ghost, given life to the world: deliver me by this, Thy most sacred body and blood from all my iniquities, and from all evils; and make me always adhere to Thy commandments; and never suffer me to be separated from Thee. Who livest and reignest with God the Father in the unity of the Holy Ghost, God, forever and ever. Amen.)
Perceptio corporis tui, Domine Jesu Christe, quod ego indignus sumere præsumo, non mihi proveniat in judicium et condemnationem, sed pro tua pietate prosit mihi ad tutamentum mentis et corporis, et ad medelam percipiendam. Qui vivis et regnas cum Deo Patre in unitate Spiritus Sancti, Deus, per omnia sæcula sæculorum. Amen.
(Grant that the participation of Thy body, O Lord Jesus Christ, which I, though unworthy, presume to receive, may not turn to my judgment and condemnation, but through Thy mercy be a safeguard and remedy, both to soul and body. Who livest and reignest with God the Father in the unity of the Holy Ghost, God, forever and ever. Amen.)
Taking the Host in his hands, and making a genuflection, he says:
Panem cœlestem accipiam, et nomen Domini invocabo.
(I will take the heavenly bread, and call on the name of the Lord.)
Striking his breast with humility and devotion, the priest says thrice:
Domine, non sum dignus ut intres sub tectum meum; sed tantum dic verbo, et sanabitur anima mea.
(Lord, I am not worthy that Thou shouldst enter under my roof: say but the word, and my soul shall be healed.)
Before receiving the sacred Host he says:
Corpus Domini nostri Jesu Christi custodiat animam meam in vitam æternam. Amen.
(May the body of Our Lord Jesus Christ preserve my soul to life everlasting. Amen.)
After receiving the sacred Host:
Quid retribuam Domino pro omnibus quæ retribuit mihi? Calicem salutaris accipiam, et nomen Domini invocabo. Laudans invocabo Dominum, et ab inimicis meis salvus ero.
(What return shall I make the Lord for all He has given to me? I will take the chalice of salvation, and call upon the name of the Lord. Praising, I will call upon the Lord, and shall be saved from my enemies.)
Before receiving the sacred blood:
Sanguis Domini nostri Jesu Christi custodiat animam meam in vitam æternam. Amen.
(May the blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ preserve my soul to life everlasting. Amen.)
After receiving the sacred blood:
Quod ore sumpsimus, Domine, pura mente capiamus; et de munere temporali fiat nobis remedium sempiternum.
(Grant, O Lord, that what we have taken with our mouth we may receive with a pure mind; that of a temporal gift it may become to us an eternal remedy.)
At the ablution:
Corpus tuum, Domine, quod sumpsi, et sanguis quem potavi, adhæreat visceribus meis: et præsta, ut in me non remaneat scelerum macula, quem pura et sancta refecerunt sacramenta. Qui vivis et regnas in sæcula sæculorum. Amen.
(May Thy body, O Lord, which I have received, and Thy blood, which I drank, cleave to my bowels; and grant that no stain of sin may remain in me, who have been refreshed with pure and holy sacraments. Who livest and reignest forever. Amen.)
The Post Communion.
We bless the God of heaven, and we will praise Him in the sight of all the living: because He hath shown us His mercy.
_V._ Dominus vobiscum.
(_V._ The Lord be with you.)
_R._ Et cum spiritu tuo.
(_R._ And with thy spirit.)
_Let Us Pray._
May the receiving of this sacrament, O Lord, Our God, avail to the salvation of body and soul, together with the confession of an everlasting Holy Trinity, and of the undivided unity thereof. Through Our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, world without end. Amen.
_Let Us Pray._
May the oblation of this divine sacrament, we beseech Thee, O Lord, both cleanse and defend us; and by the intercession of the blessed Mary, the virgin Mother of God, of St. Joseph, of the blessed apostles Peter and Paul, and of all the saints, free us from all sin, and deliver us from all adversity. Through the same Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Our Lord, Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, world without end. Amen.
_V._ Dominus vobiscum.
(_V._ The Lord be with you.)
_R._ Et cum spiritu tuo.
(_R._ And with thy spirit.)
_V._ Ite, missa est.
(_V._ Go, you are dismissed.)
_R._ Deo gratias.
(_R._ Thanks be to God.)
When the _Gloria in excelsis_ has been omitted:
_V._ Benedicamus Domino.
(_V._ Let us praise the Lord.)
_R._ Deo gratias.
(_R._ Thanks be to God.)
In Masses of _Requiem_:
_V._ Requiescant in pace.
(_V._ May they rest in peace.)
_R._ Amen.
(_R._ Amen.)
Before the blessing:
Placeat tibi sancta Trinitas, obsequium servitutis meæ; et præsta, ut sacrificium quod oculis tuæ majestatis indignus obtuli, tibi sit acceptabile, mihique et omnibus pro quibus illud obtuli sit, te miserante, propitiabile. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.
(Let the performance of my homage be pleasing to Thee, O Holy Trinity; and grant that the sacrifice which I, unworthy as I am, have offered up in the sight of Thy majesty, may be acceptable to Thee, and by Thy mercy be a propitiation for me and for all for whom I have offered it. Through Christ Our Lord. Amen.)
The blessing, which is not given in Masses of _Requiem_:
Benedicat vos omnipotens Deus, Pater, et Filius, et Spiritus Sanctus.
(May almighty God, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, bless you.)
_R._ Amen.
(_R._ Amen.)
The Last Gospel.
_V._ Dominus vobiscum.
(_V._ The Lord be with you.)
_R._ Et cum spiritu tuo.
(_R._ And with thy spirit.)
_S._ Initium sancti Evangelii secundum Joannem.
(_P._ The beginning of the Gospel according to St. John.)
_R._ Gloria tibi, Domine.
(_R._ Glory be to Thee, O Lord.)
In principio erat Verbum, et Verbum erat apud Deum, et Deus erat Verbum. Hoc erat in principio apud Deum. Omnia per ipsum facta sunt, et sine ipso factum est nihil quod factum est. In ipso vita erat, et vita erat lux hominum; et lux in tenebris lucet, et tenebræ eam non comprehenderunt.
(In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by Him: and without Him was made nothing that was made. In Him was life, and the life was the light of men: and the light shineth in darkness, and the darkness did not comprehend it.)
Fuit homo missus a Deo, cui nomen erat Joannes. Hic venit in testimonium, ut testimonium perhiberet de lumine, ut omnes crederent per illum. Non erat ille lux; sed ut testimonium perhiberet de lumine. Erat lux vera quæ illuminat omnem hominem venientem in hunc mundum. In mundo erat, et mundus per ipsum factus est, et mundus eum non cognovit. In propria venit, et sui eum non receperunt. Quotquot autem receperunt eum, dedit eis potestatem filios Dei fieri; his qui credunt in nomine ejus, qui non ex sanguinibus, neque ex voluntate carnis, neque ex voluntate viri, sed ex Deo nati sunt. ET VERBUM CARO FACTUM EST, et habitavit in nobis: et vidimus gloriam ejus, gloriam quasi unigeniti a Patre, plenum gratiæ et veritatis.
(There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. This man came for a witness to give testimony of the light, that all might believe through him. He was not the light, but came to give testimony of the light. That was the true light which enlighteneth every man that cometh into this world. He was in the world, and the world was made by Him, and the world knew Him not. He came unto His own, and His own received Him not. But as many as received Him, to them He gave power to be made the sons of God; to them that believe in His name, who are born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. AND THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH, and dwelt among us; and we saw His glory, as it were the glory of the only‐begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.)
_R._ Deo gratias.
(_R._ Thanks be to God.)
VESPERS FOR SUNDAYS.
Vespers are a part of the Divine Offices recited daily by the priests. They consist of five psalms, a chapter, a hymn, the canticle of the Blessed Virgin Mary, _Magnificat_, and an Antiphon to the Blessed Mother of God, which differs according to the season. Although there is no express commandment to assist at Vespers, yet every good Catholic will make it his duty to attend when he can.
Pater noster, etc. Ave Maria, etc.
(Our Father, etc. Hail Mary, etc.)
_P._ Deus, in adjutorium meum intende.
(_P._ Incline unto my aid, O God.)
_R._ Domine, ad adjuvandum me festina.
(_R._ O Lord, make haste to help me.)
_V._ Gloria Patri, et Filio, * et Spiritui Sancto.
(_V._ Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost.)
_R._ Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper, * et in sæcula sæculorum. Amen. Alleluia.
(_R._ As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. Alleluia.)
_In Lent._ Laus tibi, Domine, Rex æternæ gloriæ.
(_In Lent._ Praise be to Thee, O King of eternal glory.)
Psalm CIX.
Dixit Dominus Domino meo: * sede a dextris meis.
(The Lord said to my Lord: Sit Thou at My right hand.)
Donec ponam nimicos tuos * scabellum pedum tuorum.
(Until I make Thy enemies: Thy footstool.)
Virgam virtutis tuæ emittet Dominus ex Sion: * dominare in medio inimicorum tuorum.
(The Lord will send forth the sceptre of Thy power out of Sion: rule Thou in the midst of Thy enemies.)
Tecum principium in die virtutis tuæ in splendoribus sanctorum: * ex utero ante luciferum genui te.
(With Thee is the principality in the day of Thy strength, in the brightness of the saints: from the womb before the day star I begot Thee.)
Juravit Dominus, et non pœnitebit eum: * tu es sacerdos in æternum, secundum ordinem Melchisedech.
(The Lord hath sworn, and He will not repent: Thou art a priest forever according to the order of Melchisedech.)
Dominus a dextris tuis * confregit in die iræ suæ reges.
(The Lord, at Thy right hand, hath broken kings in the day of His wrath.)
Judicabit in nationibus, implebit ruinas: * conquassabit capita in terra multorum.
(He shall judge among nations, He shall fill ruins: He shall crush the heads in the land of many.)
De torrente in via bibet, * propterea exaltabit caput.
(He shall drink of the torrent in the way: therefore shall He lift up the head.)
Gloria Patri, etc.
(Glory be to the Father, etc.)
Psalm CX.
Confitebor tibi, Domine, in toto corde meo: * in concilio justorum, et congregatione.
(I will praise Thee, O Lord, with my whole heart: in the council of the just, and in the congregation.)
Magna opera Domini: * exquisita in omnes voluntates ejus.
(Great are the works of the Lord: sought out according to all His wills.)
Confessio et magnificentia opus ejus, * et justitia ejus manet in sæculum sæculi.
(His work is praise and magnificence: and His justice continueth forever and ever.)
Memoriam fecit mirabilium suorum, misericors et miserator Dominus: * escam dedit timentibus se.