Chapter 6

"The perfected souls considered singly—_êgattêṇa_ (as individuals)—have a beginning but no end, considered collectively—_puhuttêṇa_ (as a class)—they have neither a beginning nor an end. They have no (visible) form, they consist of life throughout, they are developed into knowledge and faith, they have crossed the boundary of the Saṁsâra, and reached the excellent state of perfection."

* * * * *

Like both the Brâhmaṇs and Buddhists, the Jainas have a series of hells—Nârakas, numbering even which they name—

1. Ratnaprabhâ; 2. Śarkarâprabhâ; 3. Vâlukâprabhâ; 4. Paṅkaprabhâ; 5. Dhûmaprabhâ; 6. Tamaprabhâ; 7. Tamatamaprabhâ.

[Footnote: _Ratnasâgara_, bh. II, p. 607; _Jour. As_. u.s. p. 263.]

Those who inhabit the seventh hell have a stature of 500 poles, and in each above that they are half the height of the one below it.

Everything in the system as to stature of gods and living beings, their ages and periods of transmigration is reduced to artificial numbers.

The Jaina Gachhas.

About the middle of the tenth century there flourished a Jaina high priest named Uddyotana, with whose pupils the eighty four gachhas originated. This number is still spoken of by the Jainas, but the lists that have been hitherto published are very discordant. The following was obtained from a member of the sect as being their recognised list,—and allowing for differences of spelling, nearly every name may be recognised in those previously published by Mr. H. G. Briggs or Colonel Miles.

The Eighty four Gachchhas of the Jainas. [Footnote: Those names marked * are found in Col. Miles's list _Tr. R. A. S._ vol. III, pp. 358 f. 363, 365, 370. Those marked † are included in H. G. Brigg's list,—_Cities of Gujarashtra_, p. 339.]

1. ? *† 43. Sopârîyâ*† 2. Osvâla*† 44. Mâṇḍalîyâ*† 3. Âṅchala* 45. Kochhîpanâ*† 4. Jirâvalâ*† 46. Jâgaṁna*† 5. Khaḍatara or Kharatara 47. Lâparavâla*† 6. Lonkâ or Richmati*† 48. Vosaraḍâ*† 7. Tapâ*† 49. Düîvaṅdanîyâ*† 8. Gaṁgeśvara*† 50. Chitrâvâla*† 9. Koraṇṭavâla† 51. Vegaḍâ 10. Ânandapura† 52. Vâpaḍâ 11. Bharavalî 53. Vîjaharâ, Vîjharâ*† 12. Uḍhavîyâ*† 54. Kâüpurî† 13. Gudâvâ*† 55. Kâchala 14. Dekâüpâ or Dekâwâ*† 56. Haṁdalîy↠15. Bh nmâl↠57. Mahukar↠16. Mahuḍîyâ*† 58. Putaliyâ*† 17. Gachhapâla*† 59. Kaṁnarîsey† 18. Goshavâla† 60. Revarḍi̐yâ*† 19. Magatragagad↠61. Dhandhuk↠20. Vṛihmânîy↠62. Thaṁbhanîpaṇâ* 21. Tâlârâ*† 63. Paṁchîvâla† 22. Vîkaḍîyâ*† 64. Pâlaṇpurâ* 23. Muñjhîyâ*† 65. Gaṁdhârîyâ*† 24. Chitroḍ↠66. Velîy↠25. Sâchorâ*† 67. Sâḍhapunamîyâ 26. Jachaṇḍîy↠68. Nagarakoṭîyâ*† 27. Sîdhâlavâ*† 69. Hâsorâ*† 28. Mîyâṇṇîyâ 70. Bhaṭanerâ*† 29. Âgamîy↠71. Jaṇaharâ*† 30. Maladhârî*† 72. Jagâyana* 31. Bhâvarîy↠73. Bhîmasena*† 32. Palîvâla*† 74. Takaḍîy↠33. Nâgadîgeśvara† 75. Kaṁboja*† 34. Dharmaghosha† 76. Senat↠35. Nâgapurâ*† 77. Vagherâ*† 36. Uchatavâla† 78. Vaheḍîyâ* 37. Nâṇṇâvâla*† 79. Siddhapura*† 38. Sâḍerâ*† 80. Ghogharî*† 39. Maṇḍovarâ*† 81. Nîgamîyâ 40. Śurâṇî*† 82. Punamîyâ 41. Khaṁbhâvatî*† 83. Varhaḍîy↠42. Pâëchaṁda 84. Nâmîlâ.†