Chapter 12

[474] _Journals of Congress_, Vol. III, p. 589.

[475] _United States Statutes at Large_, Vol. I, p. 138.

[476] _United States Statutes at Large_, Vol. XVI, p. 566.

[477] _Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs_, 1890, p. xxix.

[478] These figures are taken from an account of the proceedings of the council published in _Niles' Register_, Vol. XXIX, pp. 187-192. Taliaferro gives the number of his party as being 385 "Sioux and Chippewas, including the interpreters and attendants."--_Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro_ in the _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. VI, p. 206.

[479] The text of the treaty is printed in Kappler's _Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties_, Vol. II, pp. 250-255.

[480] These are the reasons given by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs in his report on December 1, 1837.--_Senate Documents_, 2nd Session, 25th Congress, Vol. I, Document No. 1, pp. 526, 527.

[481] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. II, p. 129.

[482] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. II, p. 131; Vol. VI, p. 214.

[483] For an account of the life of Flat Mouth see Coues's _The Expeditions of Zebulon M. Pike_, Vol. I, p. 169, note 10.

[484] Sketches of the life of Hole-in-the-Day are given in _The Spirit of Missions_, Vol. VIII, p. 461, December, 1843; _North Western Gazette and Galena Advertiser_, August 3, 1839; _Prairie du Chien Patriot_, June 8, 1847.

[485] _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. V, p. 353.

[486] The names of the witnesses of the treaty are given in Kappler's _Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties_, Vol. II, p. 493.

[487] A contemporary account of the proceedings of the council published in the _Iowa News_ (Dubuque), Vol. I, Nos. 11 and 14, is reprinted in _The Iowa Journal of History and Politics_, Vol. IX, pp. 408-433.

[488] _The Iowa Journal of History and Politics_, Vol. IX, p. 420.

[489] Dodge to Harris, July 30, 1837.--_Indian Office Files_, 1837, No. 226.

[490] _Executive Documents_, 1st Session, 31st Congress, Vol. III, Pt. 2, Document No. 5, p. 985. The Indians desired whiskey at the councils. In order to prove that it was not refused because of stinginess, two barrels were opened at Prairie du Chien and the whiskey allowed to run on the ground. The old Indian Wakh-pa-koo-tay mourned the loss: "It was a great pity, there was enough wasted to have kept me drunk all the days of my life."--_Wisconsin Historical Collections_, Vol. V, p. 124.

[491] _The Iowa Journal of History and Politics_, Vol. IX, pp. 409, 410.

[492] _The Iowa Journal of History and Politics_, Vol. IX, pp. 424-426.

[493] _The Iowa Journal of History and Politics_, Vol. IX, pp. 416, 417.

Taliaferro was violently opposed to granting any funds to the traders.--_Auto-biography of Maj. Lawrence Taliaferro_ in the _Minnesota Historical Collections_, Vol. VI, pp. 215, 216.

[494] _The Iowa Journal of History and Politics_, Vol. IX, pp. 431, 432.

[495] The text of the treaty is to be found in Kappler's _Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties_, Vol. II, pp. 491-493.

[496] _Niles' Register_, Vol. LIII, pp. 81, 82; Kappler's _Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties_, Vol. II, pp. 493, 494.

[497] See an account of the payment in 1849 at Fort Snelling in _The Minnesota Pioneer_, September 27, 1849.

[498] _Post Returns_, November, 1852, October, 1853, October, 1854, in the archives of the War Department, Washington, D. C.