CHAPTER XXV
SOLUTIONS AND THERAPEUTIC INDEX
=Acid, Boric.= 5 dr. in a pint of water makes a 4% solution, or 1:25.
=Acid, Carbolic.= 15 ♏︎ in a quart of water makes a 0.1% solution, or 1:1000. 5 dr. to the quart makes a 2% solution; and 1¼ oz. to the quart, a 5% solution.
=Chinosol.= 15 gr. to the quart of water makes a solution of 1:1000.
=Formalin.= 1 dr. to the quart of water makes a solution of about 1:500.
=Mercury Bichloride.= 15 gr. to the quart of water makes a 0.1% solution, or 1:1000. 1½ gr. to the quart makes a 0.01% solution, or 1:10,000.
=Normal Salt Solution.= 2 dr. of salt to the quart of water, or 0.9%.
=Physiological Salt Solution.= Take normal salt solution as given above and to every 3½ oz. add 15 gr. of carbonate of soda.
=Potassium Permanganate.= 2½ dr. to the quart makes a 1% solution. 3 gr. to the quart makes a 1:5000 solution.
=Silver Nitrate.= 4½ gr. to the ounce of water or 1 gr. to 1–7/10 dr. makes a 1% solution.
=Ziratol.= 2½ teaspoonfuls to a quart of water makes a 1% solution.
For general reference the following valuable table is appended:
PERCENTAGE SOLUTION TABLE
BY ALFRED I. COHN, PHAR. D., in _Merck’s Report_
════════╤══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ Quantity│ of │ solution│ GRAINS OF SALT OR DRUG REQUIRED TO MAKE SOLUTIONS OF to be │ PERCENTAGE STRENGTH INDICATED made │ ────────┼──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬────── │ 0.5% │ 1% │ 2% │ 3% │ 4% │ 5% │ 6% │ 8% │ 10% ────────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼────── ½ fl. oz│ 1.15│ 2.3│ 4.6│ 6.9│ 9.3│ 11.7│ 14.1│ 19. │ 24. 1 fl. oz│ 2.3 │ 4.6│ 9.2│ 13.9│ 18.6│ 23.4│ 28.2│ 37.9│ 47.9 2 fl. oz│ 4.6 │ 9.2│ 18.4│ 27.8│ 37.2│ 46.8│ 56.4│ 75.8│ 95.8 3 fl. oz│ 6.9 │ 13.8│ 27.6│ 41.7│ 55.8│ 70.2│ 84.6│ 113.7│ 143.7 4 fl. oz│ 9.2 │ 18.4│ 36.8│ 55.6│ 74.4│ 93.6│ 112.8│ 151.6│ 191.6 5 fl. oz│ 11.5│ 23. │ 46. │ 69.5│ 93. │ 117. │ 141. │ 189.5│ 239.5 ────────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴────── ════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ Quantity│ of │ solution│ GRAINS OF SALT OR DRUG REQUIRED TO MAKE SOLUTIONS OF PERCENTAGE to be │ STRENGTH INDICATED made │ ────────┼──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┬────── │ 15% │ 20% │ 25% │ 50% │1:500 │1:1000│1:2000│1:3000│1:4000│1:5000 ────────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┼────── ½ fl. oz│ 36.8│ 50.2│ 65.│ 151.2│ 0.46│ 0.228│ 0.12│ 0.075│ 0.06│ 0.05 1 fl. oz│ 73.5│ 100.3│ 130.│ 302.5│ 0.91│ 0.456│ 0.23│ 0.15 │ 0.12│ 0.09 2 fl. oz│ 147. │ 200.6│ 260.│ 605. │ 1.8 │ 0.91 │ 0.46│ 0.3 │ 0.23│ 0.18 3 fl. oz│ 220.5│ 301. │ 390.│ 907.5│ 2.7 │ 1.37 │ 0.68│ 0.46 │ 0.34│ 0.27 4 fl. oz│ 294. │ 401.2│ 520.│1210. │ 3.64│ 1.82 │ 0.91│ 0.61 │ 0.46│ 0.36 5 fl. oz│ 367.5│ 501.5│ 650.│1512.5│ 4.55│ 2.28 │ 1.14│ 0.76 │ 0.57│ 0.46 ────────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┴──────
The table shows the quantity of drug required to yield a given _volume_ of solution of the percentage strength desired. Thus, to make one fluid ounce of a 5 per cent solution it is merely necessary to dissolve 23.4 grains of the salt in _sufficient water to make one fluid ounce_.
THERAPEUTIC INDEX
_Young’s Rule for Dosage_: The age of the child is divided by the age of the child plus 12, and the result is the appropriate dose for the child. The doses given below are for the adult unless otherwise specified.
=Absorbent.= A medicine or dressing that promotes absorption, such as potassium iodide, Tr. iodine, glycerine, or hot vaginal douches.
=Adrenalin.= The blood-raising principle of the suprarenal glands. It is hæmostatic and astringent. Acts somewhat like digitalis on the heart.
_Uses._—Vomiting of pregnancy, increased glandular activity, hæmorrhage, inflammation of mucous membranes.
_Dose._—Internally, 5–10 m. of the 1:1000 solution. Externally, the solution of 1:1000 or 1:10,000 may be applied.
=Albolene.= An oily white substance obtained from petroleum. It is used on the nipples and skin of the mother and to remove the vernix caseosa from the skin of the child.
=Aloin, Strychnia, and Belladonna.= A laxative pill which usually contains aloin ⅙ gr., strychnia sulph. 1/60 gr., and Belladonna 1/12 gr.
=Ammonia Carbonate.= Antispasmodic, stimulant, and expectorant.
_Uses._—Stimulant to heart. Stimulating expectorant in pneumonia and bronchitis.
_Dose._—5–20 grains in mucilage or syrup.
=Anæsthone.= A mixture of adrenalin chloride (0.1%) and chlorotone (5%) in an ointment base of wool fat and petrolatum. Astringent, antiseptic, anesthetic and germicide. Useful application to swollen mucous membranes or in coryza.
=Argyrol= (_Silver Vitellin_). Antiseptic and germicide.
_Uses._—Like Silver Nitrate, but less irritating to the tissues. 3–5% solution in water is an injection for gonorrhœa. 15% solution dropped in the eyes of the newborn may prevent ophthalmia. 25% solution may be used twice a day as a remedy for existing ophthalmia, but the strength should be reduced after three or four days. 10–15% solution is used as an injection in cystitis. An ounce or more of the solution may be left in the bladder until the next evacuation.
=Asafœtida.= A fetid gum resin. Carminative, antispasmodic, mild stimulant, and expectorant.
_Uses._—Gas pains of adults and infants. Hysteria and indigestion.
_Dose._—5–10 gr. t.i.d. For infantile colic, an emulsion called the mistura of asafœtida may be used in 2–4 dram doses. For adults 1–2 tablespoonfuls.
=Belladonna.= Nervine, mydriatic, sedative, narcotic, antispasmodic and anodyne. Makes the throat dry and dilates the pupils.
_Uses._—Night sweats, nervous cough, pain, incontinence of urine and to restrain glandular activity.
_Dose._—Fl. ext. 1–3 ♏︎; dry ext. ½–1 gr. Tincture 8–20 ♏︎. Solid ext. ½¼ gr. All for adults. For infants, proportionately less. _See Rule for Dosage._
=Benzoin.= Antiseptic and externally a styptic and protective for sores.
_Uses._—Sore nipples and urticaria. Lard is also benzoinated for use in removing vernix caseosa. Compound Tr. of benzoin contains, benzoin, purified aloes, storax, balsam of Peru, and alcohol.
=Benzoinal.= Albolene mixed with benzoin.
=Bismuth Subnitrate.= A white heavy powder. Antiseptic and astringent.
_Uses._—Subacute gastritis, pyrosis, diarrhœa and vomiting of pregnancy. Particularly desirable in infancy because it is free from arsenic, lead and silver.
_Dose._—5–60 gr. in the adult.
=Boric Acid= (_Boracic Acid_). A white crystalline powder. Antiseptic.
_Uses._—As a dressing and lotion for eyes, navel, mouth, nipples, and all mucous surfaces. In solution to preserve the sterility of rubber nipples until they are needed.
_Dose._—Internally, 5–15 gr. Solutions are usually about 4% or 5%. A saturated solution in water is about 6%. In hot water 25%.
=Boroglyceride.= An antiseptic paste of boric acid and glycerine. When an excess of glycerine is present the preparation is called boroglycerol.
_Uses._—An oxydizer in endometritis. It is applied to the cervix on cotton tampons.
=Calcium= (_Lime_). Stomach sedative, soothes the irritated or burned skin, corrects hyperacidity, increases the clotting power of the blood (?).
Lime water is a saturated solution of calcium hydrate and is used for nausea, to break up the curds of milk, and to increase its digestibility. It is mildly constipating.
=Calomel.= _See Mercury._
=Camphor.= A solid volatile oil. Nerve sedative. Anaphrodisiac. Antispasmodic. Stimulant.
_Uses._—The monobromated camphor is given internally for hysteria, neuralgia, and as a hypnotic.
_Dose._—1–10 gr.
=Camphorated Oil.= A solution of camphor in cottonseed oil. Rubefacient and stimulant.
_Uses._—Internally in collapse. Externally as an application to the child for colds of chest and nose.
_Dose._—5–20 ♏︎ hypodermically in collapse. The injection should be made deep into the muscle.
=Carbolic Acid= (_Phenol_). Derived from coal tar. Antiseptic, deodorant and local anæsthetic.
_Uses._—Vomiting of pregnancy, pruritus, eczema, sterilization of instruments. Usual solution is 2½% to 5%. For sterilization of knives, scissors and other sharp instruments the 95% is used. In pruritus, the following wash will aid: carbolic acid, 12 dr., glycerine 2 dr., alcohol, 4 ʒ water q.s. 1 pt. Apply.
=Cascara Sagrada.= Stimulant laxative, and cathartic. Useful in pregnancy, but after labor there is evidence that it may go over in the milk to the child.
_Dose._—Fl. ext. 10–20 ♏︎. The Hinkle pill contains cascara.
=Castor Oil.= Oil expressed from the seeds of the castor plant. A cathartic. Acts in four or five hours.
_Dose._—For adults, ½ oz. to 1 oz. For infants 10 to 60 drops given with a dropper—not with a spoon.
Castor oil cocktail.—Rinse out the glass with lemon juice or whiskey. Pour in teaspoonful of lemon juice and a teaspoonful of whiskey, add castor oil in amount required, cover with whiskey and give.
A paste is made from the mixture of castor oil and bismuth subnitrate in equal parts, which is an excellent preparation for sore nipples.
_Cerium Oxalate (and Cerium Valerianate)._ Sedative and nerve tonic. The oxalate is a white crystalline powder, odorless and tasteless.
_Uses._—Vomiting of pregnancy, seasickness.
_Dose._—2–10 gr. several times daily.
=Charcoal.= Administered in tablet form or as a powder between two slices of buttered bread.
_Uses._—Acid stomach. Vomiting of pregnancy.
=Chinosol.= Nonpoisonous, nonirritating and odorless. Antiseptic deodorant, styptic and analgesic. Dissolves instead of coagulates secretions.
_Uses._—Antiseptic solutions for hands and sponges, deodorizing wash for vagina post partum, intrauterine douche, wash for gonorrhœa and cystitis.
_Dose._—For douche or hand solution 1:1000 or 1:5000. For dusting powder, 1 part to 10 or 20 of starch, talcum, boric acid, or bismuth subnitrate.
Chinosol will corrode unplated steel. It may be mixed with salt, but not with soap.
=Choral Hydrate.= White crystal masses. Pungent in odor and taste. Hypnotic, antispasmodic, antiseptic and analgesic.
_Uses._—Insomnia, eclampsia, convulsions, and to restrain secretion of milk.
_Dose._—By mouth, 10–30 gr. By rectum, not to exceed 60 gr. In infants 1–2 gr. by rectum in an ounce of water.
=Chymogen.= A preparation of rennin (10%) made by Armour & Company.
=Coagulen Ciba.= A physiological nontoxic styptic, prepared from the natural coagulants of the blood. A 10% solution in water will hasten the beginning and end of coagulation. May be applied to bleeding surfaces directly, or given under the skin, into the muscle, or into a vein. 3½% to 5% solution in distilled water, should be sterilized by boiling 2–3 minutes. Do not filter. Inject.
=Cocaine Hydrochlorate.= Anæsthetic, sedative, anodyne, anti-pruritic.
_Uses._—Vomiting of pregnancy, with _caution_.
_Dose._—Internally ½–1½ gr. Externally a 4%–10% solution in water.
=Codeine.= Alkaloid of opium. Less narcotic than morphine.
_Uses._—After-pains and pain of over-distended breasts.
_Dose._-¼–1½ gr. by mouth. ¼–¾ gr. hypodermically.
=Compound Licorice Powder.= _See Senna._
=Condylomata.=
_Use_—
℞ Acid. Salicyl. gr. x Acid Boric. gr. xxx Calomel. ʒ i M. Sig.: Apply twice daily.
=Digitalis.= Cardiac tonic. Diuretic. Stimulant.
_Uses._—Weak heart. Syncope. Collapse.
_Dose._—For adult: of the tincture, 5–15 ♏︎, fl. ext. 1–3 ♏︎, ext. gr. 1/6½.
_Digipuratum._ A preparation of digitalis from which the inactive substances have been removed. It is used in the same conditions as digitalis.
_Dose._—The tablets contain 1½ gr. and one is given four times daily until ten are taken. _Then stop._ Hypodermically. Each viol contains 1 c.c. of fluid and equals 1½ gr. of digipuratum. Each dose contains enough of the active principle of digitalis to kill a 30 gm. frog.
=Ergot= (_Fungus of Rye_). Contracts unstriped muscle fiber.
_Uses._—To check hæmorrhage after labor. To promote involution. Must not be given in labor until the uterus is empty.
_Dose._—By mouth 15–60 ♏︎ of the fl. ext. Hypodermically, 10–20 ♏︎.
=Ergotole, Ergotine.= Concentrated solutions of ergot, 2½ times as strong as the fluid extract. They are sterilized and preserved in glass ampoules.
_Uses._—See =Ergot=.
_Dose._—30–60 ♏︎.
=Green Soap.= A soap made of linseed or other oil, potash, alcohol and water.
“The adoption by the U. S. Pharmacopoeia of the term Sapo Viridis (green soap) is unfortunate, since soft soap even if made from green hempseed oil will become brown-yellow unless artificially colored.”—U. S. Dispensatory.
=Hæmophilia.= A condition of the blood wherein its clotting power is diminished or absent.
Coagulen, horse serum, or diphtheria antitoxin may be given hypodermically. Direct transfusion of blood from another is best.
=Hyoscine, Morphine, and Cactin.= (H. S. & C. Tablets). A proprietary combination of drugs. The action is said to be similar to that of morphine and scopolamine.
=Iodine, Tincture.=
_Uses._—To sterilize the skin before operation. In vomiting of pregnancy it is sometimes effective. Drop doses may be given well diluted. Externally it is applied to ulcers, as in Bednar’s disease, and sometimes as a dressing for the cord. In pruritus vulvæ it is a valuable application.
=Iron.= Tonic emmenagogue.
_Uses._—To increase the number of red blood corpuscles. To raise blood pressure and to increase the secretion of milk.
_Dose._—3–5 gr. Blaud’s pill contains the carbonate in a form that is easily assimilated.
=Laxatives.= Laxatives are unirritating and excite moderate peristalsis. Sulphur, magnesia, cassia, manna, cascara sagrada, the Hinkle pill, and the A, B, & S pill are usually mild in action.
=Lysol.= Disinfectant and antiseptic for hands and instruments. It is a brown syrupy fluid made from coal tar oil, which is distilled and mixed with fat, soap, etc. It has a creosote odor and contains 50% cresol. Readily soluble in water. Prepared in ½–4% solutions.
=Magnesia, Calcined.= Antacid and cathartic. Comes in white cakes.
_Uses._—Acid stomach, vomiting of pregnancy, “heartburn,” and constipation.
_Dose._—30–120 gr.
=Magnesia, Milk of.= A mixture of magnesia and water. Has the same properties as the above.
_Dose._—For adults, 2–3 teaspoonfuls. For infants, ¼–2 teaspoonfuls.
=Magnesia Sulphate= (_Epsom Salts._). Saline cathartic.
_Uses._—The profuse watery stools produced by magnesia are valuable aids to elimination when the kidneys are overworked or defective. In congestion of the breasts and threatened eclampsia, or in any case where it is desirable to drain off waste or dehydrate the system.
_Dose._—1 teaspoonful daily in hot water before breakfast. ½–1 oz. as a single dose or 1 oz. by rectum, as in the =1–2–3 enema.=
=Menthol= (_Mint Camphor, Japanese Peppermint_). Analgesic, antiseptic, anæsthetic, and vascular stimulant.
_Uses._—In pruritus vulvæ, vomiting of pregnancy, and hæmorrhoids.
_Dose._—By mouth 3–5 gr. In tampons, one part to five of oil. In ointments one part to sixteen. To the vulva for pruritus, use the spirits in 5% solution.
=Mercury= (_Hydrargyrum_). Cathartic, alterative, antisyphilitic, antiseptic and disinfectant. Readily absorbed by the unprotected mucous surface and relatively inert when the membrane is covered by a discharge. Solutions of the bichloride when used as a lotion unite with the albumin of a mucous discharge and form an albuminate of mercury, which is inactive. Bichloride solutions have small place in obstetrics. They are hard on the hands and destructive to instruments. Other agents like lysol, ziratol and chinosol have satisfactory germicidal properties and in addition are nonpoisonous, lubricative and cleansing.
Mercury should only be given to the infant in the form of calomel (the mild chloride). The dose is 1/12-⅛ gr., repeated if necessary.
=Morphine.= Alkaloid of opium.
Antispasmodic, hypnotic, analgesic and narcotic.
_Uses._—To relieve pain, produce sleep, check diarrhœa, and to control the pain, as well as the contractions of abortion. To relax a rigid os.
_Dose._—In “Twilight Sleep” and rigid os the first dose is Morph. sul. 1/6¼ gr. and scopolamine Hydrobromid 1/200–1/150. The scopolamine to be repeated if required, in one-half or three-quarters of an hour. The usual dose of morphine hypodermically is 1/12½ gr.
=Nitroglycerine= (_Glonoin_). Vasomotor dilator, arterial stimulant.
_Uses._—For the prostration following hæmorrhage.
_Dose._-½00–1/50 gr. hypodermically.
=Novocaine.= Local anæsthetic, similar to cocaine, but less toxic. For local anæsthesia in solutions of 0.25% to 2% usually in association with adrenalin (5–10 drops of the 1:1000 solution to each 10 c.c. of novocaine solution).
=Nux Vomica.= The plant from which strychnia is derived. Tonic, stomachic, and stimulant to muscle, nerve, and heart.
_Uses._—Bitter tonic and stimulant. Vomiting of pregnancy and agalactia.
_Dose._—Ten drops of the tincture in water before meals.
=Opium.= The concrete juice of the poppy. Relieves pain. Constipates.
_Uses._—Hæmorrhoids in adults, colic and diarrhœa in infants.
_Dose._—One grain in suppository night and morning for adult. For infant, as paragoric only. Two to five drops only, not repeated. _Children bear opium badly._
=Pepsin.= A ferment in the gastric juice that digests proteins. In commerce it is obtained from the pig.
_Uses._—Imperfect digestion.
_Dose._—For adult, 10–15 grs. For infant, 2 gr.
=Phenolphthalein.= A nonofficial coal tar derivative. Mild laxative.
_Dose._—2–3 gr. Phenolax and chocolax are preparations of the drug.
=Pituitary Extract= (_Pituitrin_). A substance derived from the infundibular portion or the posterior lobe of the hypophysis cerebri. Nontoxic, stimulant to unstriped muscle.
_Uses._—Uterine inertia, post partum hæmorrhage, Cæsarean section and tympany. Will not produce abortion nor premature labor. May be tried in acute anæmia to raise the blood pressure.
_Dose._—5–15 ♏︎. Repeated if necessary.
=Potassium (or Sodium) Bromide.= White granular powder. Soluble, 1 to 5 in water. Sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic.
_Uses._—Neurasthenia, convulsions, nymphomania, vomiting of pregnancy.
_Dose._—20–60 gr. In enema with chloral. Pot. bromide 40 gr. and chloral 20 gr. in several ounces of water or milk.
=Potassium Iodide.= Alterative emmenagogue. Uric acid solvent.
_Uses._—Syphilis rheumatism, swellings, slow inflammations, excessive secretion of milk.
_Dose._—2–10 gr. increased as required.
=Potassium Permanganate.= Dark purple opaque prisms. Soluble in water 1 to 16. Disinfectant, deodorant, antiseptic, astringent.
_Uses._—As an injection in leucorrhœa and gonorrhœa, 1:5000 solution.
=Purgatives.= Simple purgatives produce free discharges from the bowels with some griping. Senna, aloes, rheubarb, castor oil, and calomel are examples. Saline purgatives are followed by profuse watery evacuations. Magnesia sulphate, and citrate, potassium and sodium tartrate, and sodium phosphate belong to this class.
Drastic purgatives bring about a violent action of the bowels with much griping and tenesmus. Such are jalap, colocynth, elaterium, and croton oil. Hydrogogue purgatives combine the results of the salines and drastics. They have much griping with profuse watery stools. The hydrogogues are elaterium, gamboge, croton oil, and potassium bitartrate.
=Quinine Sulphate.= (Derived from Cinchona bark.) Antipyretic, tonic, antiperiodic, antiseptic, emmenagogue and ecbolic.
_Uses._—Valuable stimulant in a slow first stage. It is combined with castor oil to bring on labor at term. Castor oil 1 oz. and quinine sulphate 10 gr. is given as the first dose, followed in an hour by another 10 gr. of quinine, and an hour later by another.
_Dose._—2–20 gr.
=Regulin.= A mixture of agar-agar in dry form with extract of cascara sagrada.
_Uses._—A laxative in chronic constipation.
_Dose._—Teaspoonful to tablespoonful in stewed fruit or mashed potatoes, once daily.
=Russian Oil= (_Liquid Petrolatum_). Laxative in pregnancy and puerperium. Acts mechanically and as a lubricant. Not unpleasant to take.
_Dose._-½ oz. at bedtime, and, if necessary, before each meal. May be given to breast-fed babies in doses of gtts. xv three times daily.
=Senna.= Laxative and purgative. Acts especially on the large intestine. Sometimes passes over in the milk to the child.
_Dose._—Fl. ext. 1–4 teaspoonfuls. In compound licorice powder the dose is 30–80 gr. (about 10 gr. of senna to the dose).
=Silver Nitrate.= Caustic, antiseptic, stimulant, irritant and antigonorrhœic. Table salt neutralizes it.
_Uses._—2% solution in water for pruritus vulvæ. 1% solution dropped into the eyes of the newborn to prevent ophthalmia neonatorum. Do not neutralize the 1% solution. ¼ gr. silver nitrate with 2 gr. of pepsin in capsule for pernicious vomiting of pregnancy.
=Sodium Bicarbonate= (_Baking powder_). Antacid, antirheumatic.
_Uses._—Gout, dyspepsia, acid stomach, acidosis, vomiting of pregnancy. Soothes the skin when burned.
=Sodium Chloride.= (Salt.)
For normal saline use 10 gr. to 3½ oz. of water. For physiological salt solution, add 15 gr. of Sod. Carb. to every 3½ oz. of normal saline as made above.
=Sodium Citrate.= A white odorless, granular powder with cooling salty taste.
_Uses._—Diuretic, antipyretic and refrigerant. Retards the coagulation of albumin in milk and aids the digestibility of proteins. May be indicated in gout and cystitis.
_Dose._—Internally, 15 to 60 gr. In the modification of cow’s milk about two grains should be used for each ounce of the mixture.
=Spirits of Nitre, Sweet= (_Spirit Nitrous Ether_). 4% solution of nitrous ether in alcohol. Diaphoretic, diuretic, antipyretic, stimulant, antispasmodic.
_Uses._—Fever, dropsy, vomiting of pregnancy, colic, anuria.
_Dose._—For adult, 20–60 gtts. For infants small doses often repeated.
=Stramonium= (_Jimson Weed_). Hypnotic, narcotic, antispasmodic.
_Uses._—For hæmorrhoids take Ung. Stramonii and Ung. Galli in equal amounts and apply.
=Urotropin.= A white powder soluble in water. Urinary antiseptic, diuretic.
_Uses._—Cystitis, typhoid bacilli in urine, gout. It makes the urine irritatingly acid when given long. It does not act in alkaline media.
_Dose._—7½–10 gr. well diluted.
=Valerian.= Anodyne, stimulant, antispasmodic and nervine.
_Uses._—Hysteria, hypochondriasis, headache.
_Dose._—30–60 ♏︎ of the fl. ext. by mouth, or by rectum 2 oz. of the following mixture may be used P.R.N. for hysteria:
Pot. Brom. 1 oz. Ext. Valerian fl. dr. vi. Normal saline q.s. oz xii.
=Veratrum Viride= (_Hellebore_). Sedative, emetic, diaphoretic, diuretic. Retards the heart’s action without weakening it.
_Uses._—Eclampsia.
_Dose._—1 to 4 ♏︎ of the fl. ext. is given hourly until the pulse comes down to 80.
=Veronal.= Safe, reliable hypnotic.
_Uses._—Insomnia from hysteria, neurasthenia, and mental disturbance.
_Dose._—5 to 15 gr. dissolved in hot tea, milk, or water. May repeat.
=Zinc.= Tonic, astringent, antispasmodic.
_Uses._—Stearate of zinc is a valuable dressing in excoriations of buttocks and external genitals.
=Zinc Ointment.= It is indicated for bedsores (decubitus) eczema, herpes, and intertrigo. Zinc ointment contains one part of zine oxide to four parts of benzoinated lard.
=Ziratol.= A mixture of phenols in soap, water, and glycerine. Antiseptic, deodorant and germicide. Relatively odorless, easily soluble and does not injure hands, instruments, or rubber. It is said to be only ⅐ as toxic as carbolic acid. Used in solutions of 0.5% up to 5%.
GLOSSARY
[Adapted from Dorland and Standard Dictionaries]
=Ab-nor´mal.= Not normal; contrary to the usual structure or condition.
=A-bor´tion.= 1. The expulsion of the fœtus before it is viable. 2. Premature stoppage of a morbid or a natural process.
=Ab-ra´sion.= 1. A rubbing or scraping off. 2. A spot rubbed bare of skin or mucous membrane.
=Ab´scess.= A localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the disintegration of tissues.
=Ac-couch´e-ment.= Delivery in childbed; confinement.
=Ac´e-tone.= 1. A colorless liquid found in pyro-acetic acid and in naphtha. 2. Any member of the series to which the normal or typical acetone belongs.
=A´ci-do´´sis.= Acid intoxication of the system from the elaboration or too much acid by faulty metabolism or the imperfect disposition of normal amounts of acid.
=A-ci´nus=, pl. _acini_. One (acini, more than one) of the smallest lobules of a compound gland.
=Al´bo-lene.= An oily white substance derived from petroleum.
=Al´bu-mi-nu´´ri-a.= The presence of albumin in the urine.
=Al´ka-line.= Having the reaction of an alkali.
=A´men-or-rhœ´´a.= Absence or abnormal stoppage of the menses.
=Am-mo´ni-a.= A colorless alkaline gas, NH_{3}, of penetrating odor, and soluble in water, forming ammonia-water. Ammoniacal urine contains ammonia, which is one form of nitrogen excretion.
=An-æ´mi-a.= A condition in which the blood is deficient in quantity or in quality.
=An´æs-the´´si-a.= Loss of feeling or sensation, especially loss of tactile sensibility, though the term is used for loss of any of the other senses.
=An´æs-thet´´ic.= 1. Without the sense of touch or of pain. 2. A drug that produces anæsthesia.
=An´al-ge´´si-a.= Absence of sensibility to pain.
=An-aph´ro-dis´´i-ac.= A drug that allays sexual desire.
=An´a-sar´´ca.= An accumulation of serum in the cellular tissues of the body.
=An´en-ceph´´al-ous.= Having no brain.
=An´ky-lo´´sis.= Abnormal rigidity or stiffness of a joint.
=An´o-dyne.= A medicine that relieves pain.
=An´te par´tum.= Latin for “before delivery.”
=An-te´ri-or.= Situated in front of, or in the forward part of.
=An´ti-pe´ri-od´´ic.= A drug that tends to prevent recurrent attacks of disease.
=An´ti-sep´´tic.= 1. Preventing decay or putrefaction. 2. A substance destructive to poisonous germs.
=A-pe´ri-ent.= Mildly cathartic.
=Ap-nœ´a.= The absence of respiration—especially that form which occurs in a child delivered by the Cæsarean operation.
=A-re´o-la.= The darkish ring around the nipple.
=As-ci´tes.= Dropsy (an accumulation of fluid) in the abdomen.
=A-sep´sis.= Absence of septic matter, or freedom from infection.
=As-phyx´i-a.= Suffocation.
=As-trin´gent.= 1. Causing contraction and arresting discharges. 2. An agent that arrests discharges.
=At´e-lec-ta´´sis.= Imperfect expansion of the lungs at birth; partial collapse of the lung.
=At´on-y.= Lack of normal tone or strength.
=A´tri-um.= (_L._, a hall.) The point of entrance of a bacterial disease.
=At´ti-tude.= A posture or position of the body. The relation which the various parts of the child’s body bears to its own long axis. The attitude of the fœtus normally is complete flexion.
=Aus´cul-ta´´tion.= The act of listening for sounds within the body.
=Bac-te´ri-a.= The vegetable microorganisms (Schizomycetes) especially the short-rod forms.
=Bal´an-i´´tis.= Inflammation of the glans penis. It is usually associated with phimosis.
=Bal-lotte´ment.= The diagnosis of pregnancy by pushing up the uterus by a finger inserted into the vagina so as to cause the embryo to rise and fall again like a heavy body in water.
=Bar´tho-lin glands.= The vulvo-vaginal glands.
=Bleb.= A skin vesicle filled with fluid. A blister.
=Breg´ma.= The point on the surface of the skull at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures.
=Cæ-sa´re-an sec´tion.= (Named from Julius Cæsar, who is said to have been thus born). Delivery of the fœtus by an incision through the abdominal and uterine walls.
=Ca´put.= Any head, or head-like structure.
=Ca´put suc´ce-da´´ne-um.= A swelling formed on the presenting part of the fœtus during labor. It is due to the effusion of fluid into the subcutaneous tissues of the scalp and its retention there.
=Car-min´a-tive.= Drugs that stimulate the circulation, the mental faculties, and intestinal peristalsis. Asafœtida, camphor, capsicum, cardamon, chloroform, ether, ginger, horseradish, mustard, and the oils of anise, cloves, spearmint, nutmeg and valerian are carminatives.
=Car´ne-ous.= Fleshy.
=Cath´e-ter, tra´che-al.= A long slender tube designed for introduction into the babe’s trachea as a means of sucking out mucus.
=Cath´´e-ter-ize´.= To introduce a tube and draw off fluid, as urine or mucus.
=Caul.= 1. The great omentum. 2. A piece of amnion which sometimes envelopes a child’s head at birth.
=Cell.= 1. Any one of the minute protoplasmic masses which make up organized tissue.
=Ceph-al´ic.= 1. Pertaining to the head. 2. A medicine for the head.
=Ceph´al-hæ-ma-to´´ma.= 1. A tumor or swelling filled with blood beneath the pericranium.
=Cer´vix.= The neck or any neck-like part.
=Chlo-as´ma.= The yellowish brown spots or patches that appear on the skin of pregnant women.
=Cic´a-tri´´cial.= Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a cicatrix.
=Ci-ca´trix.= A scar; the mark left by a sore or wound.
=Cil´i-a.= 1. The eyelashes. 2. Minute lash-like processes that characterize certain cells.
=Cli´mac-ter´´ic.= A particular epoch of the ordinary term of life at which the body is believed to undergo a radical change—especially applied to the menopause.
=Cli-ni´cians.= Men who teach and explain diseases by showing actual cases.
=Clit´o-ris.= The sensitive organ of the female, homologous with the penis in the male.
=Coc´cyx.= The small bone situated at the end of the sacrum. The very last portion of the spine.
=Col-lapse´.= A state of extreme prostration and depression with failure of circulation.
=Col´les’ mem´brane.= A layer of tough sensitive fascia back of the perineum and on either side of the vagina.
=Co-los´trum.= The first fluid secreted by the mammary glands after functional activity begins. It contains casein and more albumen than milk, as well as numerous fatty globules.
=Col´peu-ryn´´ter.= A dilatable bag, used to distend the vagina.
=Co´ma.= Profound stupor occurring in the course of a disease or after severe injury.
=Co´ma-tose.= Pertaining to, or affected with, coma.
=Com´pli-ca´´tion.= A disease or diseases concurrent with another disease.
=Con-cep´tion.= The fecundation of the ovum.
=Con´dyl-o´´ma.= A wart-like excrescence near the anus or vulva. It may be as large as a cauliflower.
=Con-gen´i-tal.= Born with a person; existing at or before, birth.
=Con´ju-gate.= The anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet.
=Cor´o-nal.= Pertaining to the crown of the head, as the coronal suture.
=Cra´dle cap.= The dirty looking patch of epithelial scales and sebaceous material that develops over the anterior fontanelle of babies who have the exudative diathesis.
=Cra´ni-ot´´o-my.= The cutting in pieces of the fœtal head to facilitate delivery.
=Cre-dé Expression.= The maneuver in which the uterus is grasped in the hollow of the hand and squeezed and pressed down upon to aid in the expulsion of the placenta.
=Cre-dé Treatment.= The instillation of a 1% solution of nitrate of silver into the eyes of the newborn to prevent ophthalmia.
=Curd.= The coagulum of milk, consisting mainly of casein.
=Cy´an-o´´sis.= Blueness of the skin, often due to cardiac malformation causing insufficient oxygenation of the blood.
=Cys-ti´tis.= Inflammation of the bladder.
=De-cid´u-a.= The membranous structure produced in the uterus during gestation and thrown off after parturition. =D. reflexa=, the part of decidua which is reflected upon and surrounds the ovum. =D. serotina=, the late decidua; the part of the decidua vera which becomes the maternal portion of the placenta. _D. Vera_, the true decidua; the portion of the decidua which lines the uterus.
=De-cu´bi-tus.= 1. An act of lying down. 2. A bed-sore.
=De-hy´drate.= To remove the water.
=Di´a-be´´tes.= A disease marked by an habitual discharge of an excessive quantity of urine and the presence of sugar therein.
=Di´´aph-o-re´sis.= Perspiration, and especially profuse perspiration.
=Di´´aph-o-ret´ic.= 1. Stimulating the secretion of sweat. 2. A medicine that increases the perspiration.
=Di-ath´e-sis.= Natural or congenital predisposition to a special disease.
=Dif´fer-en´´tial.= Pertaining to a difference, or differences.
=Dis-crete´.= Separate lesions which do not blend or coalesce.
=Di´u-re´´sis.= Increased secretion of urine.
=Dor´sum.= The back or any part corresponding to the back as the dorsum of the penis or foot.
=Duc´tus ve-no´sus.= A fœtal blood vessel connecting the umbilical vein with the post-cava.
=Dys-cra´si-a.= A depraved state of the system, and especially of the blood, due to constitutional disease.
=Dysp-nϫa.= Difficult or labored breathing.
=Dys-to´ci-a.= Painful or slow delivery or birth.
=Ec-bol´ic.= An agent that accelerates labor.
=E-clamp´si-a.= A sudden attack of convulsions, especially one of a peripheral origin.
=Ec-top´ic.= Out of the normal place.
=E-de´ma.= Swelling due to effusion of watery liquid into the connective tissue.
=Em´bo-lism.= The plugging of an artery or vein by a clot or obstruction which has been brought to its place by the blood-current.
=Em´bry-o.= The fœtus in its earlier stages of development, especially before the end of the third month.
=Em-men´a-gogue.= A drug that aids or stimulates menstruation.
=E-mul´sion.= An oily or resinous substance divided and held in suspension through the agency of an adhesive, mucilaginous, or other substance.
=En´do-me´´tri-um.= The mucous membrane that lines the cavity of the uterus.
=En-gage´ment.= The head is said to be engaged when the largest diameters have passed the inlet.
=En´si-form.= Shaped like a sword.
=Ep´i-si-ot´´o-my.= Surgical incision of the vulvar orifice laterally for obstetric purposes.
=E-ro´sion.= An eating or gnawing away.
=Er´y-the´´ma.= A morbid redness of the skin due to congestion of the capillaries, of many varieties.
=E´ti-ol´´o-gy.= The study or theory of the causation of any disease.
=Ex-co´´ri-a´tion.= Any superficial loss of substance such as that produced on the skin by scratching.
=Ex´os-mo´´sis= (_Ex-os-mose_). Diffusion or osmosis from within outward.
=Ex-san´guin-a´´tion.= An exhaustion of the blood from a part or the whole of the body.
=Ex-trac´tion.= The process or act of pulling or drawing out, particularly the removal of a child by pulling either with hands or forceps.
=Ex´tra-u´´ter-ine.= Situated or occurring outside of the uterus.
=Ex´´u-da´tive di-ath´e-sis.= A congenital predisposition to eczema in various parts of the body, as well as to infections of the respiratory tract.
=Fæ´ces= (_or fe´ces_). The excrement or undigested residue of the food discharged from the bowels.
=Fen´es-tra-ted.= (_L._, fenestrum, a window.) Pierced with one or more openings, like windows.
=Fer´ment.= Any substance that causes fermentation in other substances with which it comes in contact.
=Fi´brin.= A substance which, becoming solid in shed blood, plasma and lymph, causes the coagulation of these fluids.
=Fil´let.= 1. A loop-shaped structure. 2. A loop, as of cord or tape, for making traction.
=Fis´sure.= A cleft or groove, normal or other.
=Fis´tu-la.= A deep, sinuous ulcer, often leading to an internal hollow organ.
=Flu´id ex´tract.= A concentrated solution of the active principle of a drug in such strength that 1 c.c. of the product equals 1 gr. of the crude drug. The fluid is a mixture of alcohol, water and glycerine in varying proportions. One may be omitted.
=Fœ´tus= (_or fe´tus_). The unborn offspring of any animal that brings forth living progeny; the child in the womb after the third month.
=Fon´ta-nelle´´.= Any one of the unossified spots on the cranium of a young infant. It is so named because it rises and falls like a fountain.
=Fo-ra´men.= A hole or perforation, especially a hole in a bone.
=Four-chette´.= The fold of mucous membrane at the posterior junction of the labia majora.
=Fræ´num= (_or fre´num_). A fold of the integument or of the mucous membrane that checks, curbs, or limits the movements of an organ in part—as the frænum of the tongue.
=Func´tion.= The normal or proper action of an organ or set of organs.
=Func´tion-al.= Of or pertaining to a function.
=Fun´dus.= The base or part of a hollow organ remotest from its mouth.
=Ga-lac´tor-rhœ´´a.= Excessive secretion of milk.
=Ga-vage´.= Feeding by the stomach tube; also the therapeutic use of a very full diet.
=Gen´it-als.= The reproductive organs.
=Ger´´mi-cide´.= An agent that destroys germs.
=Ges-ta´tion.= Pregnancy.
=Glans cli-tor´i-dis.= The distal or outside end of the clitoris.
=Glans pe´nis.= The head, or terminal end, of the penis.
=Gon-or-rhϫa.= A contagious catarrhal inflammation of the genital mucous membrane.
=Graaf´i-an fol´li-cle.= Any one of the small spherical ovarian bodies, each of which contains an ovum.
=Hæm´o-phil´´i-a.= A condition of the system wherein bleeding occurs readily, and the blood clots slowly or not at all.
=Hæm´or-rhage.= A copious escape of blood from the vessels; bleeding. =Accidental h.=, hæmorrhage during pregnancy, due to premature detachment of the placenta. =Post partum h.=, that which occurs soon after labor, or childbirth. =Unavoidable h.=, that which results from the detachment of a placenta prævia.
=Hæm´or-rhoid.= A pile, or vascular tumor of the rectal mucous membrane.
=Hy-dat´id.= An encysted vesicle containing an encysted fluid. From the _Greek_ “_Hydatis_,” meaning a drop of water.
=Hy-dat´i-form.= Resembling a hydatid in form.
=Hy-dram´ni-os.= Dropsy of the amnion.
=Hy´dro-ceph´´a-lous.= A fluid effusion within the cranium. This disease is marked by enlargement of the head, with prominence of the forehead, atrophy of the brain, mental weakness, and convulsions.
=Hy´giene.= The science of health and of its preservation.
=Hy´men.= The membranous fold which partially or wholly occludes the external orifice of the vagina, at least during virginity.
=Hy´per-em´´e-sis.= Excessive vomiting. =H. gra-vi-da´rum=, excessive vomiting of pregnancy.
=Hy´per-æ´´mi-a.= Excess of blood in any part of the body.
=Hy-per´tro-phy.= The morbid enlargement or overgrowth of a part.
=Hyp-not´ic.= A drug that induces sleep.
=Hy´po-der-moc´´ly-sis.= The introduction, into the subcutaneous tissues, of fluid in large quantity.
=Hy´po-gas´´tric.= Of or pertaining to the lower anterior region of the abdomen in the middle line of the body. The hypogastric arteries arise from the internal iliac in addition to the branches given off from those vessels in the adult.
=Hy´po-phos´´phite.= Any salt of hypophosphorous acid.
=Ic´ter-us.= Jaundice.
=Id´i-o-syn´´cra-sy.= An effect abnormal to the one usually produced. An effect peculiar to the individual.
=Im-mu´ni-ty.= The condition of being immune or exempt from disease, especially the condition arising from inoculation, or from a peculiar resistance of the organism.
=Im´preg-na´´tion.= 1. The act of fecundation or of rendering pregnant. 2. The process or act of saturation, a saturated condition.
=In´farct.= A mass of substance extravasated either into the substance of an organ or into a vessel due to the obstruction to the circulation.
=In´´fan-tile´ pel´vis.= A pelvis which has not responded to the developmental stimulation of the sexual glands at puberty, and therefore remains in its infantile shape. A masculine pelvis.
=In´´fan-tile´ u´ter-us.= An undeveloped uterus.
=In-fec´tion.= The communication of disease from one person to another, whether by effluvia or by contact, mediate or immediate; also the implantation of disease from without.
=In´fil-tra´´tion.= To cause a liquid or gas to penetrate or enter by pores or interstices.
=In´flam-ma´´tion.= A morbid condition characterized by pain, heat, redness and swelling.
=In-nom´in-ate.= Not having a name, as the innominate bone.
=In-som´ni-a.= Inability to sleep; abnormal wakefulness.
=In´ter-sti´tial.= Pertaining to, or situated in, the interstices or interspaces of a tissue.
=In´ter-tri´´go.= A chafe, or chafed patch of the skin; also the erythema or eczema that may result from a chafe of the skin.
=In-tro´i-tus.= The entrance to any cavity or space.
=In-ver´sion.= A turning inward, inside out, upside down, or other reversal of the normal relation of a part.
=In´vo-lu´´tion.= 1. A rolling or turning inward. 2. The return of the uterus to its normal size after parturition. 3. A retrograde change, the reverse of evolution.
=Is-chu´ri-a par-a-dox´a.= A condition in which the bladder is over-distended with urine, although the patient continues to urinate, generally in dribbles.
=Jaun´dice.= Yellowness of the skin, eyes, and secretions, due to the presence of bile pigments in the blood.
=La´bi-a.= Lip-shaped organs. The external folds of the vulva, labia majora, and the internal folds of the vulva, labia minora.
=Lac´e-ra´´tion.= 1. The act of tearing. 2. A wound made by tearing.
=Lac-ta´tion.= 1. The secretion of milk. 2. The period of the secretion of milk. 3. Suckling.
=Lan-u´go.= The fine hair on the body of the fetus.
=Lav-age´.= The irrigation or washing out of an organ, such as the stomach or bowel.
=Le´sion.= Any hurt, wound or local degeneration.
=Leu´cor-rhœ´´a.= A whitish, viscid discharge from the vagina and uterine cavity.
=Light´en-ing.= The sense of lightness and easier breathing that follows the descent of the head into the pelvis during the last three weeks of pregnancy. It is most likely to occur in primiparas.
=Lo´chi-a.= The vaginal discharge that takes place during the first week or two after childbirth.
=Lymph.= A transparent slightly yellow liquid of alkaline reaction which fills the lymphatic vessels.
=Mal-aise´.= An uneasiness or indisposition, discomfort or distress.
=Mal´po-si´´tion.= Abnormal or anomalous position.
=Mam´ma.= The mammary gland; the breast.
=Mam´ma-ry.= Pertaining to the Mamma.
=Ma-ras´mus.= Progressive wasting and emaciation, especially such a wasting in young children when there is no obvious or ascertainable cause.
=Mas-sage´.= The systematic, therapeutic friction, stroking and kneading of the body.
=Mas-ti´tis.= Inflammation of the breast.
=Me-a´tus.= A passage or opening, as the meatus urinarius.
=Me-læ´na ne-o-na-to´rum.= The passage of dark pitchy stools containing blood pigments and blood that has been extravasated into the alimentary canal of the newborn babe.
=Mem´brane.= A thin layer of tissue which covers a surface or divides a space or organ.
=Men´o-pause.= The period when menstruation normally ceases; the change of life.
=Mis-car´riage.= Abortion; premature expulsion of the fœtus; birth of the fœtus before the twenty-eighth week.
=Milk leg= (_Phlegmasia Alba Dolens_). A condition developing in one, and rarely, in both, legs, after delivery. It is due to occlusion of the veins of the pelvis and leg by thrombosis or to septic inflammation of the pelvic connective tissue.
=Mole.= 1. A fleshy mass or tumor formed in the uterus by the degeneration or abortive development of an ovum. 2. A nevus; also a brownish spot on the skin.
=Mons ven´er-is.= A rounded prominence at the symphysis pubis of a woman.
=Mor-bid´i-ty.= The condition of being diseased or morbid.
=Mor´cel-la´´tion.= Division and piecemeal removal.
=Mu´cus.= The viscid watery secretion of the mucous glands.
=Mul-tip´ar-a.= A woman who has borne more than one child.
=Mum´mi-fi-ca´´tion.= Dry gangrene; also the drying up and shrivelling of the fœtus.
=Myd´ri-at´´ic.= A drug that dilates the pupil.
=Nau´se-a.= Tendency to vomit; sickness at the stomach.
=Ne-cro´sis.= Death of a tissue, especially of a bone.
=Ne-phri´tis.= Inflammation of the kidney.
=Neu-rot´ic.= 1. Pertaining to or affected with a neurosis. 2. Pertaining to the nerves.
=Neu´tra-lize.= To render neutral or ineffective.
=Ni´tro-gen.= A colorless gaseous element found free in air.
=Nod´u-lar.= 1. Like a nodule or node. 2. Marked with nodules.
=Nu´cle-us.= 1. a spheroid body within a cell, forming the essential and vital part. 2. A mass of gray matter in the central nervous system. 3. In chemistry, the central element in the molecule of a compound.
=Nu´tri-ent.= Nourishing; affording nutriment.
=Nym´phæ.= The labia minora.
=Ob-stet´rics.= The art of managing childbirth cases; that branch of surgery which deals with the management of pregnancy and labor.
=Ob-ste-tri´cian.= One who practices obstetrics.
=Oc´ci-put.= The back part of the head.
=Ol´i-go-hy-dram´´ni-os.= Scantiness of the liquor amnii.
=Ol´i-gop-nœ´´a.= A delay following the birth of a child before the first respiration is established.
=Oph-thal´mi-a.= Severe inflammation of the eye or of the conjunctiva.
=Or´gan.= Any part of the body having a special function.
=Os.= (_L._, a mouth.) The orifice in the uterus or vagina.
=Os-mo´sis.= The passage of a fluid through a membrane.
=O´va.= Latin plural of ovum, egg.
=O´vu-la´´tion.= The formation and discharge of an unimpregnated ovum from the ovary.
=O´vule.= 1. The ovum within the Graafian vesicle. 2. Any small egg-like structure.
=O´vum.= 1. An egg. 2. The female reproductive cell which, after fertilization, develops into a new member of the same species.
=Ox´y-di´´zer.= Anything that combines with oxygen.
=Pal-pa´tion.= The act of feeling with the hand; the application of the fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body for the purpose of determining the consistence of the parts beneath in physical diagnosis.
=Par-al´y-sis, Erb’s.= 1. Same as birth-palsy. 2. Partial paralysis of the brachial plexus affecting various muscles of the arm and chest-walls. It is revealed by an inability to lift the arm toward the head.
=Par-al´y-sis facial (Bell’s).= Paralysis of the face, due to lesion of the facial nerve or of its nucleus.
=Par´a-me-tri´´tis.= Inflammation of the parametrium, or cellular tissue about the uterus.
=Par´a-phi-mo´´sis.= Retraction of a narrow or inflamed foreskin which can not be replaced.
=Pa-ren´chy-ma.= The essential or functional elements of an organ as distinguished from its stroma or framework.
=Pa-ri´e-tal.= Of, or pertaining to, the walls of a cavity.
=Par´o-nych´´i-a.= Infection and suppuration about the junction of nails and skin.
=Par´ox-ysm.= A sudden recurrence or sudden intensification of symptoms.
=Path-o-log´ic.= Pertaining to pathology.
=Pa-thol´o-gy.= That branch of medicine which treats of the essential nature of disease, especially of the structural and functional changes caused by disease.
=Pel-vim´e-ter.= An instrument for measuring the various diameters of the pelvis.
=Pel-vim´e-try.= The act of determining the dimensions of the pelvis by means of a pelvimeter.
=Per´i-ne-or´´rha-phy.= Suturation of the perineum, performed for the repair of a laceration.
=Per´i-ne´´um.= The space or area between the anus and the genital opening.
=Pe-riph´e-ry.= The outward part or surface.
=Per´i-to-ne´´um.= The serous membrane which lines the abdominal walls.
=Per´i-to-ni´´tis.= Inflammation of the peritoneum.
=Per´i-stal´´sis.= A worm-like movement by which the alimentary canal propels its contents.
=Per-ni´cious.= Tending to a fatal issue.
=Phe-nom´e-non.= Any remarkable appearance; any sign or objective symptom.
=Phys´i-o-log´´ic.= Pertaining to physiology.
=Phys´i-ol´´o-gy.= The science which treats of the functions of the living organism and its parts.
=Phi-mo´sis.= Tightness of the foreskin such that it can not be drawn back over the glans.
=Phle-bi´tis.= Inflammation of a vein.
=Pig´men-ta´´tion.= The deposition of coloring matter.
=Pla-cen´ta præ´vi-a.= A placenta which intervenes between the intrauterine cavity and the inner orifice of the cervical canal.
=Pla-cen´ta suc´cen-tur´i-a´´ta.= An accessory or subsidiary placenta.
=Pled´get.= A small compress or tuft as of wool or lint.
=Pleth´o-ra.= A condition marked by vascular turgescence, excess of blood and fullness of pulse.
=Po-dal´ic.= Pertaining to, or accomplished by means of, the feet.
=Pol´y-hy-dram´´ni-os.= Excess in the amount of the liquor amnii in pregnancy.
=Po-si´tion.= 1. The attitude or posture of a patient. 2. The relation of the presenting part of the fœtus to the quadrants of the maternal pelvis.
=Pos-te´ri-or.= Situated behind or toward the rear.
=Post par´tum.= After delivery.
=Pre´ma-ture.= 1. Occurring before the proper time. 2. An infant born before its proper term, but viable.
=Pre´ma-tu´´ri-ty.= The condition of a child that has been delivered before term, and before maturity or ripening has taken place.
=Pre-mon´i-tory.= Serving as a warning.
=Pre´puce.= The fold of skin covering the glans penis; the foreskin.
=Pres´en-ta´´tion.= 1. The appearance in labor of some particular part of the fœtal body at the os uteri. 2. That part of the fœtal body which first shows itself at the os in labor.
=Pri-mip´a-ra.= A woman who has given birth, or who is giving birth, to her first child.
=Prod´ro-mal.= Premonitory. Indicating the approach of an event, phenomenon, or disease.
=Prog-no´sis.= A forecast as to the probable result of an attack of disease; the prospect as to recovery from a disease afforded by the nature and symptoms of the case.
=Pro-jec´tion-al vom´i-ting.= Sudden violent emesis.
=Pro-lapse´.= The falling down, or sinking, of a part or viscus.
=Pro-lep´sis.= The anticipation and nullification of complications before they arise.
=Prom´´on-to´ry.= A projecting eminence or process.
=Pro´phy-lax´´is.= The prevention of disease.
=Pro´te-in.= Any one of a group of nitrogenized, noncrystallizable compounds similar to each other, widely distributed in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and forming the characteristic constituents of the tissues and fluids of the animal body. They are formed by plants, the animal organism receiving them as food and transforming and assimilating them. They all contain carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur. Some of the most important are albumin, casein, legumin, fibrin, myosin and glutin.
=Psy´chic.= Pertaining to the mind.
=Pu´bes.= That part of the lower central hypogastric region which, in the adult, is covered with hair. The pubic region.
=Pu´bic.= Pertaining to the pubes, or os pubis.
=Pu´ber-ty.= The age at which the reproductive organs become functionally operative.
=Pu´bi-ot´´o-my.= (_He-bos´te-ot´´omy._) The operation of cutting through the pubic bone, lateral to the median line.
=Pu-er´pe-ral.= Pertaining to childbirth.
=Pu´er-pe´´ri-um.= The period or state of confinement. The puerperium is the time succeeding labor which is necessary for the restoration of the genitals to their condition previous to pregnancy, or as near it as possible. It varies from 6 weeks to several months.
=Pu´ru-lent.= Consisting of or containing pus.
=Py-æ´mia.= Blood-poison of microbic origin.
=Py´e-li´´tis.= Inflammation of the pelvis or the kidney.
=Py´or-rhœ´´a.= A discharge of pus, especially from infection around the roots of the teeth.
=Py-ro´sis.= Heartburn. Acidity of the stomach. Eructations of acid.
=Re´flex-es.= Reflected actions or movements. Impulses received and transmitted by the nervous system without conscious volition. Involuntary responses to irritation. Automatic movements.
=Re-frig´e-rant.= Relieving fever and thirst. A cooling remedy. Acidulous drinks and evaporating lotions are refrigerant.
=Re-gur´gi-ta´´tion.= 1. The casting up of undigested food. 2. A backward flowing of the blood through the left auriculo-ventricular opening, on account of imperfect closure of the mitral valve.
=Re´lax-a´´tion.= 1. A lessening of tension. 2. A mitigation of pain.
=Re´nal.= Pertaining to the kidney.
=Res´ti-tu´´tion.= 1. An act or process of restoration. 2. The rotation of the presenting part of the fœtus outside of the vagina.
=Re´tro-gres´´sive.= Going or moving backward. Passing from a better to a worse condition.
=Re´tro-ver´´sion.= The tipping of an entire organ backward.
=Rick´ets.= (_Ra-chi´tis._) A constitutional disease of childhood in which the bones become soft and flexible from retarded ossification, due to deficiency of the earthy salts.
=Ro-ta´tion.= The process of turning around an axis.
=Rough´en-ing.= Any rough, coarse food that gives bulk to the intestinal contents without much nutrition.
=Ru´be-fa´´ci-ent.= An agent that reddens the skin.
=Ru´gæ.= Wrinkles or folds.
=Rup´ture.= 1. Forcible tearing or breaking of a part. 2. Hernia.
=Sa´crum.= The triangular bone situated at the end of the spine. It is formed of five vertebræ, amalgamated and wedged in between the two innominate bones.
=Sag´it-tal.= Shaped like, or resembling, an arrow.
=Sal´i-va´´tion.= An excessive discharge of saliva.
=Sal´pin-gi´´tis.= Inflammation of an oviduct or of the eustachian tube.
=Sal´´var-san´.= A compound invented by Ehrlich for the treatment of diseases caused by the Spirillæ, such as syphilis and recurrent fever. It is popularly called 606.
=Sa-præ´mi-a.= Poisoning of the blood by the absorption of toxins from localized infections as from the uterus.
=Scap´u-la.= The shoulder blade.
=Scro´tum.= The pouch which contains the testicles and their accessory organs.
=Se-ba´ceous.= 1. Pertaining to sebum or suet. 2. Secreting a greasy lubricating substance.
=Se-cre´tion.= 1. The process or function of separating various substances from the blood. 2. Any secreted substance.
=Sec´un-dines.= All that remains in the uterus after the birth of the child is called secundines—placenta, membrane and cord.
=Se´men.= 1. A seed or seed-like fruit. 2. The thick whitish liquid fecundating secretion produced in coition.
=Shock.= Sudden vital depression, due to an injury or emotion which makes a sinister impression upon the nervous system.
=Show.= The appearance of blood that foreruns a labor or menstruation.
=Sin´a-pism.= A plaster or paste of ground mustard-seed; a mustard plaster.
=Sin´ci-put.= The portion of the head lying in front of the anterior or large fontanelle.
=Si´nus.= 1. A recess, cavity or hollow space. 2. A dilated channel for venous blood, found chiefly within the cranium and uterus during gestation. 3. An air-cavity, in one of the cranial bones, especially one communicating with the nose, such are the ethmoidal frontal maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses. 4. A suppurating channel or fistula.
=Smeg´ma.= A thick, cheesy, ill-smelling secretion found under the prepuce and around the labia minora.
=So-lu´tion.= 1. The process of dissolving. 2. A liquid containing dissolved matter.
=Sor´des.= The dark brown matter which collects on the lips and teeth in low fevers.
=Spas´mo-phil´´ic di-ath´e-sis.= Is a condition characterized by an increased elective irritability and a tendency to spasm, like contractions of one or more groups of muscles. (Grulee).
=Spe-cif´ic.= 1. Pertaining to a species. 2. Produced by a single kind of microorganism. 3. A remedy specially indicated for any particular disease.
=Sper´ma-to-zo´´on.= The motile generative element of the semen which serves to impregnate the ovum.
=Spi´na bif´i-da.= Congenital cleft of the vertebral column with meningeal protrusion.
=Spi´ro-chæ´´te.= A genus or form of flexile spirobacteria.
=Sta´sis.= A stoppage of the flow of fluid in any organ or any part of the body.
=Ste-no´sis.= Narrowing or stricture of a duct or canal.
=Ster´ile.= Nonfertile.
=Ster´il-i-za´´tion.= The act or process of rendering sterile.
=Still-birth.= The birth of a dead fœtus.
=Stim´u-lant.= 1. Producing stimulation. 2. An agent or remedy that produces stimulation.
=Strep´to-coc´´cus.= A genus or form of bacterial organism, which grows in consecutive links, like a chain.
=Stri´a=, pl. _striæ_. Streaks or lines.
=Stro´ma.= The tissue which forms the ground substance, framework, or matrix of an organ.
=Styp´tic.= Astringent, an agent for arresting hæmorrhage.
=Sub´in-vo-lu´´tion.= Incomplete involution; failure of a part to return to its normal size and condition after enlargement from functional activity.
=Sup-pos´i-to-ry.= An easily fusible medicated mass to be introduced into the vagina, rectum, or urethra.
=Su´ture.= 1. Surgical stitch or seam. 2. The line of junction of adjacent cranial or facial bones.
=Sym´phys-e-ot´´o-my.= The division of the fibrocartilage of the symphysis pubis in order to facilitate delivery by increasing the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis.
=Sym´phy-sis.= The line of junction and fusion between bones originally distinct. The symphysis pubis.
=Syn´chro-nous.= Occurring at the same time.
=Syph´i-lis.= A contagious venereal disease leading to many structural and cutaneous lesions, due to a microorganism called the spirochæta pallida.
=Tam´pon.= A plug made of cotton, sponge, or oakum.
=Te-nac´u-lum.= A hook-like instrument for seizing and holding tissues.
=Te-nes´mus.= Straining, especially ineffectual and painful straining.
=Throm´bus.= A plug or clot in a vessel remaining at the point of its formation.
=Tinc´ture.= The solution of medicinal substances in fluids other than water or glycerine. There is usually about one part of the drug to eight of alcohol.
=Tis´sue.= An aggregation of cells, fibers and various cell-products forming a structural element.
=Tox-æ´mi-a.= Blood poisoning.
=Tox´in.= Any poisonous albumin produced by bacterial action.
=Trau´ma.= A blow, wound, or other violent injury.
=Trau´ma-tism.= A condition of the system due to injury.
=Tu´mor.= 1. Swelling; morbid enlargement. 2. A neoplasm. A mass of new tissue which persists and grows independently of its surrounding structures, and which has no physiologic use.
=Tym´pa-ni´´tis.= Distention of the abdomen from gas.
=Um-bil´i-cal.= Pertaining to the umbilicus.
=Um-bi-li´cus.= The navel.
=U´ra-chus.= A cord that extends from the apex of the bladder to the navel. It represents the remains of the canal in the fœtus which joins the bladder with the allantois.
=U-re´a.= A white crystallizable substance from the urine, blood and lymph.
=U-re´ter.= The fibro-muscular tube which conveys the urine from the kidney to the bladder.
=U-ræ´mi-a.= The presence of urinary constituents in the blood and the toxic condition produced thereby.
=U-re´thra.= A membranous canal conveying urine from the bladder to the surface and in the male conveying the seminal ejaculations.
=U´rin-al´´y-sis.= The chemical analysis of urine.
=U´ter-us.= The hollow muscular organ which provides lodgement for the fœtus from conception to birth. The womb.
=U´ter-us bi-cor´nis.= A womb wherein the two sides have been incompletely joined during development, and two horns, or protrusions, appear on the fundus.
=U´ter-us di-del´phys.= A womb in which there has been separate development and incomplete fusion of the two sides.
=U´ter-us du´plex.= A double uterus.
=U´ter-us sep´tate.= A uterus that is divided by a partition or septum.
=Var´i-cose veins.= Of the nature of, or pertaining to, a varix. The permanent dilatation of a vein.
=Ven´e-sec´´tion.= The opening of a vein for the purpose of letting blood.
=Ven´tral stalk.= An embryonic process which is the rudimental precursor of the umbilical cord. It is known as the ventral stalk because somewhat later in the course of development it becomes attached to the ventral (abdominal) surface of the embryo.
=Ver´nix cas´e-o´´sa.= A fatty substance that covers the skin of the fœtus.
=Ver´sion=. The act of turning, especially the manual turning of the fœtus in delivery. =External v.=, that which is performed by outside manipulation. =Internal v.=, version performed by the hand introduced into the uterus. =Braxton Hicks’ Version=, a version done with the whole hand in the vagina and two fingers entering the uterus through the partially dilated os.
=Ves´i-cal.= Pertaining to the bladder.
=Vi´a-bil´´i-ty.= Able to live after birth.
=Vil´li.= 1. The finger-like projections that develop on the outside of the egg and connect it vascularly and otherwise with the uterus; a vascular chorionic tuft. 2. A minute club-shaped projection from the mucous membrane of the intestine.
=Vul-sel´lum.= A forceps with teeth on the ends of the jaws.
=Walch´er’s position.= The patient on the back with the hips at the edge of the table and the legs hanging down.
=Whar´ton’s jelly.= The soft pulpy connective tissue that constitutes the largest part of the umbilical cord.
=Womb.= Same as uterus.
INDEX
A
Abderhalden test for pregnancy, 61
Abdomen: care of, 70 changes in pregnancy, 59 weakness of, 85
Abortion, 95 etiology, 207 management, 207
Accessory articles of diet, 319
Accidental hæmorrhage, 228
After-birth, 41, 117
After-pains, 154, 254 relief of, 154
Albuminuria, 77 (_see_ Eclampsia)
Amenorrhœa, 57 during lactation, 158 in the nonpregnant, 58
Amnion, 38 adhesions, 87
Anæsthetics, 103, 138, 142
Anencephalus, 309
Anus, 23
Aphthæ, 294
Areola, 31
Asepsis in delivery, 142
Aseptic care, 200
Asphyxia neonatorum, 278 methods of resuscitation, 279
Atelectasis, 283
Attitude of child, 165
B
Baby: anencephalus, 309 aphthæ, 294 asphyxia, 142, 278 balanitis, 306 bath, 266 bowels, 273 breasts, 293 care after delivery, 144 care at birth, 142 circumcision, 306 cleansing, 265 clothing, 270 colic, 299 constipation, 298 convulsions, 282 cradle cap, 295 diarrhœa, 298 exercise, 284 eyes, 268 furuncles, 305 flushings, 285 gavage, 285 genitals, 272 hæmorrhage, 289 harelip and cleft palate, 287 heart, 278 hernia, 287 hydrocephalus, 308 icterus, 293 lavage, 286 marasmus, 303 menstruation, 293 mouth, 272 nails, 289 nursing periods, 273, 156 paraphimosis, 305 phimosis, 305 pneumonia, 304 prematurity, 301 priapism, 308 respiration, first, 142 routine for, 270 significant symptoms and conditions, 320 sleep, 272 snuffles, 304 spina bifida, 308 temperature, 276 thrush, 294 tongue-tie, 287 toilet basket, 271 umbilicus, 267 urticaria, 294 vomiting, 300 weight, 271
Bag of waters, 39, 110
Balanitis, 306
Ballottement, 62
Barley water, 316
Baths, 69, 325
Bed, making, 133
Bed-linen, care of, 150
Bed sores, 263
Bednar’s disease, 294
Bichloride solution, 135
Birthmarks and deformities, 72, 87
Binder, 153
Bladder, 23 after delivery, 159 in pregnancy, 56, 58
Bleeders, 232, 290
Blood, in pregnancy, 55
Bowels, in pregnancy, 68 in puerperium, 157
Breast milk, quantity, 275
Breasts, 30 caked, 156, 243 care of, 71 changes due to marriage and pregnancy, 53, 59 inflow of milk, 53 massage, 156 nursing periods, 156 of puberty, 33 preparation for lactation, 155 removal of child, 252, 261 sensations in pregnancy, 59 supernumerary, 31
Breech presentation, 168
Brow presentation, 177, 179
Buttermilk, 314
C
Cæsarean section, 195
Caput succedaneum, 127
Case record, nurse’s, 131
Catheterization, after delivery, 159 before operations, 183
Caul, 114
Cephalhæmatoma, 128
Cervix, effacement, 110 repair, 144, 211
Child (_see_ Baby)
Chill in puerperium, 151
Chloasma, 55
Chloroform in labor, 103
Chorion, 38
Circumcision, 306
Clamp for cord, 268
Clitoris, 26
Coitus, 71
Colic, 300
Colostrum, 53
Conception, 36
Condylomata, 75
Confinement, estimating date, 58, 66
Constipation, 68, 298
Contraction of pelvis, 214
Contractions of Braxton Hicks, 53, 62, 109
Convulsions, of child, 282 of mother, 236
Cord, umbilical, 40 attachment to placenta, 42 cutting, 142 granulations of, 293 prolapse of, 220, 137 separation, 292
Cow’s milk vs. breast milk, 311
Cradle cap, 295
Cramps, 56, 86
Cranioclasis, 194
Curettage of uterus, 206 in abortion, 207
Curve of Carus, 20
D
Decapitation, 194
Delivery, asepsis during, 142 care of mother after, 144 on side, 140
Diabetes and pregnancy, 95
Diapers, 270, 273 bluing on, 270, 296
Diarrhœa of child, 298
Diet in puerperium, 152, 155
Diets, 336
Doctor, 130 when to call, 131 what to report, 131, 319
Douche, vaginal, 202 aseptic, 200 in pregnancy, 71, 160 intrauterine, 205, 233
Dress in pregnancy, 69
Drugs affecting the milk, 275
Dry birth, 225
Ductus arteriosus, 49 venosus, 48
E
Eclampsia, 78 blood pressure in, 55 symptoms and management, 237 wet packs in, 231
Ectopic pregnancy, 89
Edema, 69
Enemas, eliminative, 355 nutrient, 334
Episiotomy, 211
Ergot, 143 after delivery, 150 in abortion, 207 in post partum hæmorrhage, 233
Eruptions on the skin, 55
Erythema, 296
Ether in labor, 103
Examination of patient, 134, 140
Excavation of pelvis, 19
Extrauterine pregnancy, 89
Exudative diathesis, 295
Eye symptoms in pregnancy, 69
F
Face presentation, 174, 179
Fallopian tubes, 22
Fainting, 70
Fevers and pregnancy, 91
Flour ball, 316
Flushings, 285
Fœtus, attitude, 44 circulation, 48 diameters of head, 46 fontanelles, 46 heart tones, 63, 180 movements, 44, 62 rate of growth, 46 rule for estimating length, 47 rule for estimating weight, 47 signs of danger to, 180 signs of death, 97 signs of maturity, 47
Food mixings, 317 preparation for infants, 314
Foramen ovale, 50
Forceps, application, 186 conditions for, 185 dangers of, 185 in breech cases, 173 in face presentations, 176 indications for, 185 preparations for, 183
Fumigation, 329
Furuncles, 305
G
Galactorrhœa, 250
Gas analgesia, 104
Gas pains, 154, 158, 253
Gavage, 285
Genital crease, 25
Genitalia, care after delivery, 142, 148 preparation for delivery, 131 preparation for operation, 182
Getting up, 161
Gingivitis, 75
Glands, Bartholin, 27 mammary, 30 Montgomery, 31 thyroid, 56
Glossary, 351
Glycosuria, 69
Gonorrhœa and pregnancy, 93
Goodell’s sign, 60
Gossip, 161
Graafian follicle, 33
Gums in pregnancy, 75
H
Hæmorrhage, accidental, 228 in abortion, 207 in labor, 144, 119, 143 in the newborn, 289 in pregnancy, 95 post partum, 232, 234 unavoidable, 228 uterine douche for, 205
Hæmorrhoids, 86
Hair, 55, 132
Hands, care of, 160, 323 sterilization of, 134
Harelip and cleft palate, 287
Head, descent, 123 expulsion of, 115 effect of labor on, 126 extension, 126 external restitution, 126 flexion, 123 internal rotation, 124
Headache, 237, 254
Heart changes in pregnancy, 55 lesions in pregnancy, 94
Heart tones, fœtal, where heard, 130 significance, 137 when membranes rupture prematurely, 226
Hegar’s sign, 60
Hernia, 287
Herpes in pregnancy, 76
Hospital drums, packing, 138
Hottentot apron, 26
Hydramnios, 87 and malpresentations, 175 and twins, 84
Hydrocephalus, 308
Hymen, 26
Hypodermoclysis, 206
Hyperemesis gravidarum, 79
I
Icterus, 293
Induction of labor, 208
Infant feeding, 310 outfit, 101
Infection, 226, 255
Injections, eliminative, 335 intravenous, 205 nutrient, 334
Insomnia, 56
Intertrigo, 296
Involution, 152, 160, 161
J
Jacquemins’ sign, 62
Jaundice, of child, 293 of mother, 95
K
Kidneys of child, 44 of mother, 56, 68, 95
L
Labia majora, 25 minora, 26
Labor, care during, 140 induction of, 208 precipitate, 223 preparations for, 130, 138, 326 signs of, 129 vomiting in, 228
Lactation and menstruation, 157
Lavage, 286
Leucorrhœa, 71
Lightening, 65, 108
Linea albicantes, 55 nigra, 55
Liquor amnii, 38 in disease, 87
Liver, of child, 44 of mother in pregnancy, 56, 95
Lochia, 154 and the hands, 160
Longings, 56
Lungs in pregnancy, 56
M
Malæna neonatorum, 290
Marasmus, 303
Mask of pregnancy, 55
Mastitis, 247
Maternal impressions, 72
Membranes, 110 premature rupture, 225 relation of rupture to labor, 114 rupture of, 109, 114
Menstruation, definition of, 33 during lactation, 157 in infant, 298 physiology of, 34 relation to conception and pregnancy, 33 systemic effects, 35
Milk fever, 243
Milk, elements of human, 312 excess of, 249 fat-free, 317 inflow, 156 peptonizing, 338 pasteurizing, 316 quality, 251 scarcity, 249 sterilization, 316 to dry up, 163 whole milk, 317
Milk leg, 262
Mind in pregnancy, 72
Moles, 80
Monsters, 88, 308
Mons veneris, 25
Morning sickness, 58
Multiple pregnancy, 83
N
Nausea, 58
Nervous system, 56
Neuralgia, 56
Nipple, 30 care of, 71 cracks and fissures, 244 imperfect, 245 preparation for lactation, 155 rubber, 318
Normal labor, 107 amount of blood lost, 119 causes of, 107 course of, 110 date of onset, 107 duration of first stage, 114 duration of second stage, 114 general effects, 118 mechanism, 120 subjective phenomena, 115
Nurse, 98 and cleanliness, 129, 323 and history sheet, 131 in obstetrics, 98 in puerperal fever, 262 outfit, 99 qualifications, 323 sterilizing, 101
Nursery rules, 269
Nursing periods, 156
Nursing the child, 293
O
Odors of person, 324
Oligohydramnios, 87
Operations, preparations for, 180 why required, 179
Ophthalmia neonatorum, 93, 142, 192
Os, digital dilatation, 211 physiology of dilatation, 111 rigidity of, 222
Ovaries, 23
Ovulation, 33
Ovum, 33 death of, 96 fertilization, 36 implantation, 37 mode of progress, 23 relation to uterine cavity, 52
P
Packs, wet, 213
Pains, after, 154 cause of, 109 character of, 115, 131, 138 false, 108 from gas, 154 regularity of, 110, 130
Palpation, 134
Paralysis, facial, 291 of shoulder (Erb’s), 291
Paraphimosis, 305
Patient, care of, after delivery, 144 during second stage, 137 examination of, 74, 133 in first stage, 133 loss of weight post partum, 155 preparation of, 131, 138 rest, 160 visitors, 133, 161
Pelvic floor rigidity, 223
Pelvis, 17 brim, 18 contracted, 214 diameters, 214 false, 17 measurements, 214 quadrants of, 121 shape, 18 true, 17 upper strait, 18
Pemphigus neonatorum, 296
Perineorrhaphy, 144 instruments, 139, 145, 146 after-care, 147
Perineum, 28, 25 head on, 115 preservation, 145 repair, 143, 144 torn in labor, 30
Peritoneum, 24
Peritonitis, (_see_ Infection)
Phimosis, 305
Phlebitis, 263
Physical signs of pregnancy, 59
Pigmentation, 55, 77
Pituitrin, 143, 224
Placenta prævia, 29
Placenta, 41 anomalies, 88 early expression, 149 infarcts, 88 conditions for Crede expression, 150 manual removal, 150
Pneumonia in child, 304
Point of direction, 121
Position, occipito-posterior, 178 of breech, 165 of face, 175 of head, 121 Walcher, 193
Pregnancy, Abderhalden’s test for, 61 age of, 65 albuminuria in, 77 at fourth month, 61 bowels in, 68 cathartics in, 68 condylomata, 75 constipation in, 75 cramps, 86 diabetes in, 95 diagnosis, 57 duration of, 66, 107 extra uterine, 89 fevers and, 91 general effects, 56 gingivitis, 75 gonorrhœa, 93 hæmorrhages, 95 hæmorrhoids in, 86 heart disease and, 94 heartburn, 68 herpes, 76 hydramnios in, 87 hygiene of, 66 hyperemesis in, 79 kidneys in, 68 local effects, 51 maternal changes, 51 mental conditions in, 72 pressure symptoms, 85 probable signs, 61 pruritus, 76 pyelitis, 79 salivation, 75 signs at 26th week, 62 syphilis, 92 toothache, 75 toxæmias, 74 tuberculosis, 92 varicose veins, 85 vomiting in, 79
Prematurity, 301
Presentation, definition, 120 frequency of vertex, 121 of breech, 165 of face and brow, 174 transverse, 174
Pressure symptoms, 85
Priapism, 308
Proprietary foods, 314
Pruritus in pregnancy, 76
Ptyalism, 75
Puberty, 33
Pubiotomy, 198 after-care, 199
Puerperal fever, 255 disposal of excreta, 261 etiology, 255 nurse and, 262 prevention, 258 symptoms, 259 treatment, 260
Puerperium, 151 diet in, 152 laxatives, 158 standing orders for, 162
Pulse in puerperium, 151
Pyelitis, 79
Pyloric stenosis, 303
Q
Quickening, 59
R
Rectal feeding, 333
Rectal infusions, 212
Rectum, 23 in labor, 23, 142
Red gum, 297
Renal disease, 95
Rest, 160
Room, setting up, 130, 180
Rubber gloves, 136
Rubber nipples, 318
S
Salivation, 75
Second stage of labor, 114
Sex, determination of, 65, 72
Sexual relations, 71
Sheet sling, 146, 181
Show, 109, 129
Skin, changes, 54 care of, 69 eruptions, 55 pigmentation, 55, 77 striæ gravidarum, 54
Snuffles, 304
Solutions, 340 percentage table of, 341
Souffle, funic, 65 uterine, 63
Spermatozoa, 36
Spina bifida, 308
Standing orders for nurse, 164 for puerperium, 163
Starvation fever, 276
Sterile linen, application, 138, 182
Sterilization, 101, 323 dressings, 325 instruments, 327 rubber goods, 328
Stitches, care of, 160 removal, 202
Stomach capacity of child, 275
Subinvolution, 155, 260, 261
Subjective signs of pregnancy, 57, 59
Sudden death of infant, 309 of mother, 263
Sugar in urine, 69
Sugars and flours, 317
Supplemental feedings, 310
Supplies for house, 99 for sterilization, 101 preparation of, 326
Symphyseotomy, 198
Syphilis and fœtus, 88 and pregnancy, 92 of placenta, 88
T
Tampon of uterus, 202 of vagina, 204
Temperature in puerperium, 151
Third stage of labor, 117, 142, 143 conduct of, 149
Thrombus, 263
Thrush, 294
Thyroid gland, 56
Toilet basket, 271
Tongue-tie, 287
Toothache, 75
Toxæmia, 74
Transfusion, 205 in eclampsia, 240
Tubercles of Montgomery, 31
Tuberculosis and pregnancy, 92
Twilight sleep, 103
Twins, 83
U
Umbilicus, 267
Unavoidable hæmorrhage, 228
Urination, after delivery, 158 of child, 273
Urine, 56 in pregnancy, 77 in puerperium, 151 sterile specimen, 200 sterile specimen from child, 200
Urticaria, 294
Utensils for milk modification, 318
Uterus, anatomy, 21 changes in pregnancy, 51, 59 curettage, 206 displacements, 84 height at various months of pregnancy, 64 inertia, 223 malformations, 85 rupture, 226
Uterine souffle, 63
V
Vagina, anatomy, 21 attachments, 21 distensibility, 21
Vaginal tampon, 204 in abortion, 207
Varicose veins, 85
Ventral stalk, 40
Version, 190, 192, 193
Vestibule, 26
Vessels of cord, 48
Villi, 37
Visitors, 133, 161
Vomiting, 300, 321 in pregnancy, 79 in labor, 228 uncontrollable, 79
Vorhees bag, 224, 230
Vulva, anatomy, 24 care of, 143 preparation, 132
W
Walcher position, 173, 193
Weaning, 252, 273
Wet nurse, 253
Wharton’s jelly, 40
Whey, 315
Wiegand compression, 173, 194
Witch’s milk, 32
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES
1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. 2. Anachronistic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed. 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. 4. Enclosed bold font in =equals=.
End of Project Gutenberg's Obstetrics for Nurses, by Charles B. Reed