Chapter 5

_"Never did Cardinal bring good to England"_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--Your correspondent O.P.Q. refers to Dr. Lingard's _History of England_, in which this exclamation of the Duke of Suffolk, on the adjournment of the legatine inquiry into the validity of the marriage of Henry VIII. and Catharine of Arragon, is termed an "old saw," and remarks that he should be glad to know if this saying is to be met with elsewhere, and what gave rise to it. Before we enter upon the inquiries suggested by O.P.Q., it seems to me that we have to consider a previous question--what authority is there for terming it an "old saw." Dr. Lingard refers to "Cavendish, 434.; Herbert, 278." as his authorities for the whole paragraph. But Herbert does not contain anything of the kind and Cavendish relates the matter very differently:

"With that stepped forth the Duke of Suffolk from the king, and lay his commandment spoke these words with a stout and an hault countenance, 'It was never merry in England,' quoth he, 'whilst we had cardinals amongst us!'"--Cavendish's _Wolsey_, pp. 232, 233, Singer's edition.

Is Dr. Lingard the authority for these words being an "old saw", or has he merely omitted to give a reference to the place from whence he really derived them?

BERUCHINO.

_Pandects, Florentine Edition of_ (Vol. ii., p. 421.).--Your correspondent R.G. will find copies of the Florentine edition of the Pandects of 1553, both in the British Museum and in the Bodleian library at Oxford. It is described in the catalogues of both under the title of _Pandecta_.

C.L.L.

_Master John Shorne_ (Vol. ii., p. 387.).--Mr. Thoms, in his curious notes on this personage, has expressed much regret that fuller details relating to a representation of _Magister Johannes Schorn_ at Cawston, Norfolk, communicated to the Archæological Institute by the Rev. James Bulwer, had not been preserved in the _Archæological Journal_. I believe that the omission was solely in deference to Mr. Bulwer's intention of giving in another publication the results of his inquiries, and those persons who may desire detailed information regarding Master John will do well to peruse Mr. Bulwer's curious memoir in the _Norfolk Archæology_, vol. ii. p. 280., published March 1849, where representations of the figure at Cawston, and of another at Gateley, Norfolk, are given. There seems to be no evidence that Sir John, although in both instances pourtrayed with _nimbus_, had been actually canonized and it is deserving of notice that in no ancient evidence hitherto cited is he designated as a Saint, but merely as Master, or Sir John. I am surprised that Dr. Husenbeth, who is so intimately conversant with the examples of hagiotypic symbols existing in Norfolk, should not have given him even a supplementary place in his most useful manual of the _Emblems of Saints_, recently published. (Burns, 1850, 12mo.) I have sought for Sir John in vain, in either section of that valuable work. It occurs neither under the names of saints, nor in the series of emblems.

ALBERT WAY.

_"Her brow was fair"_ (Vol. ii p. 407.).--The author of the passage quoted by J.M.B. is Barry Cornwall. It occurs in one of the delicious {451} little "Miscellaneous Poems" attached to the volume entitled _Dramatic Scenes_. The quotation is not quite accurate, the last two words of the first line, "and look'd," being carried into the second, and thus destroying the metre of both. The Dr. Armstrong alluded to by J.M.B. is, I suppose, a modern celebrity of whom I must plead guilty of being ignorant. The lines could, of course, only occur in the writings of the Dr. Armstrong who wrote _The Art of Preserving Health_, and who was the friend of the poet Thomson, through the interpolation of some modern editor, within the last thirty years. Barry Cornwall's poems have never been collected, in this country at least; and as the volume which contains the one in question is to be met with only occasionally, on the book stalls, I send you the entire poem:--

THE MAGDALEN.

"And woman who had wept her loveliest dower There hid her broken heart. _Paris._ "I do remember it. Twas such a face As Guido would have loved to dwell upon; But oh! the touches of his pencil never Could paint her perfect beauty. In her home (Which once she did desert) I saw her last; Propp'd up by pillows, swelling round her like Soft heaps of snow, yielding, and fit to bear Her faded figure. I observed her well: Her brow was fair, but _very_ pale, and look'd Like stainless marble; a touch methought would soil Its whiteness. O'er her temple one blue vein Ran like a tendril; one through her shadowy hand Branch'd like the fibre of a leaf--away. Her mouth was tremulous, and her cheek wore then A flush of beautiful vermilion, But more like art than nature; and her eye Spoke as became the youthful Magdalen, Dying and broken-hearted."

G.J. DE WILDE.

_Dodd's Church History_ (Vol. ii., p. 347).--G.R., who is good enough to speak of my edition of this work in a very flattering manner, presumes, and not unnaturally, from the lengthened period which has elapsed since the appearance of the last, or fifth volume, that its continuation "has for some reason or other been abandoned." I am glad, however, to inform him that such is not the case. Health, and other uncontrollable circumstances, have unfortunately interfered to impede the progress of the work; but that it is not abandoned, I hope, ere long, to give to him and to the public a practical evidence.

M.A. TIERNEY.

Arundel, Nov. 1850.

_Blackwall Docks_ (Vol. i., pp. 141. 220.).--These, in Pepys' time, probably included more than the dry docks, known as Wigram's and Green's; _e.g._, in Sir Thomas Brame's _Letters_, dated 29th Sept. 1666, we read:

"Blackwall hath the largest wet dock in England, and belongs chiefly to the East India Company."--Sir Thos. Brame's _Letters_, edit. Wilkin, t. i. p. 135.

W. DN.

_Wives of Ecclesiastics_ (Vol. i., p. 149.).--In Archdeacon Hale's _Curious Precedents in Criminal Causes_, p. 23., under 1490, and in the parish of S. Nicholas, Coldharbour, London, we read:

"Nicholai Colde.--Johannes Warwick quondam clericus parochie ibidem adulteravit cum Rosa Williamson et ob amorem illius mutilavit et quasi interfecit uxorem propriam."

We may remark that the delinquent is not called Dominus, but "clericus parochie."

W. DN.

_Stephens' Sermons_ (Vol. i., p. 334.).--The sermons referred to by BALLIOLIENSIS, with a suggestion that they may be those of the Rev. W. Stephens, were preached by Rev. Samuel Johnson, vicar of Great, and rector of Little Torrington. Stephens was subsequently vicar of St. Andrew's, Plymouth, a living then in the gift of the corporation.

W. DN.

_Saying of Montaigne_ (Vol. ii., p. 278.).--I have seen this attributed to Fenelon, and, I think, to an English divine; but have no "Note," and regret I cannot recollect the name.

ESTE.

_Scala Coeli_ (Vol. ii., p. 285.)--They are not _in_ the church of St. John Lateran, but in a separate portico-like building. They form the middle flight, up which the faithful ascend on their knees, and descend by ordinary stairs on each side. These stairs are of stone (or marble), and are covered with boards, so that only parts are visible. They are said to have formed part of Pilate's house at Jerusalem; but I believe there are other claimants for the honour. One or two brass stars, inlaid in the stone, are said to mark the spots where Christ's tears fell.

ESTE.

Birmingham, Nov. 13. 1850.

_Red Hand--Holt Family--Aston Church_ (Vol. ii., p. 241.).--The tradition is not, I belive, of very ancient date. It is stated that one of the Holt family murdered his cook, and was afterwards compelled to adopt the red hand in his arms. It is, however, obviously only the "Ulster badge" of baronetcy. I have never heard any further particulars of the tradition.

ESTE.

_Swearing by Swans_ (Vol. ii., p. 392.).--

"Toison d'or parut ensuite; il apportait un faisan vivant, orné d'un collier d'or; alors le duc Philippe, suivant l'ancien usage qu'avaient les seigneurs de prêter leurs serments sur quelque noble oiseau, jura qu'il irait en personne dans l'Orient combattre le chef des Sarrasins." &c., &c.--_Histoire des Ducs de Bourgogne_, par F. Valentin, troisième édition, p. 235. 8vo. Tours, 1846.

E.J.M.

Oxford.

{452} _"Tickhill, God help me!"_ (Vol. i., p. 247.).--Chagford, on the borders Dartmoor, in Devon, is in winter a very desolate and almost unapproachable place. If an inhabitant be asked at this season concerning his locality, he calls it, in sad tones, "Chagford, good Lord!" In summer the place is picturesque and much sought, and then the exulting designation is "Chaggiford, and what d'ye think?"

Widdicombe-in-the-Moor, in the same neighbourhood, is a most out-of-the-way place, and is commonly spoken of as "Widdicombe in the cold country, good Lord!"

J.W.H.

_"Noli me tangere"_ (Vol. ii., p. 253.).--To the list given of the painters of this subject may be added _Frederico Baroccio_. A singularly beautiful engraving by Raphael Morghen of this picture, then in the possession of the Marquis Bonvisi of Lucca, was published at Florence, 1816.

C.I.R.

_Judas Bell, Judas Candle, &c._ (Vol. ii., p. 298.).--In the parish accounts of Lambeth, the two following entries occur:--

"1516. To James Calcot for payntyng of Judas, 6d." "1523. Paid for a staff for Judas crosse -- 4d."

I venture to add these to the instances cited by Mr. Walcott, hoping that the slightly varied form may furnish a clue by which some of your readers may be able to unravel the meaning of such allusions more satisfactorily than any yet attempted.

J.C.B.

_Burial towards the West_ (Vol. ii., p. 408.).--Mr. Hawker has stated very confidently that

"It was the ancient usage of the Church that the martyr, the bishop, the saint, and even the priest, should occupy in their sepulture a position the reverse of the secular dead, and lie down with their feet westward and their heads to the rising sun."

It is true that a custom has existed in many places for nearly two centuries and a half to assign to the clergy a method of interment distinct from that adopted for the laity; and the observance of this usage is not limited to Romanists, for its continuance may be noted among members of the Church of Ireland also, at least in remote districts of that country. With respect to this matter, however, your correspondent has entirely misapplied the term "ancient;" for until the seventeenth century there was not any difference in the mode of sepulture prescribed for priests and laymen but, most commonly, all persons entitled to Christian burial were placed with their feet toward the east, in consequence of a tradition relative to the position of our Saviour's body in the tomb. (Haimo, _Hom. pro Die Sancto Pasch._; J. Gregrory, _Oriens nomen Ejus_, 85., Martene, _De Antiq. Eccles. Ritibus_, tom. ii. p. 374. Venet. 1783.) It is believed that there is no earlier authority for the sacerdotal privilege in question than a rule contained in the _Rituale Romanum_ sanctioned by Pope Paul V. in June, 1614; viz.:

"Corpora defunctorum in ecclesia ponenda sunt pedibus versus altare majus ... Presbyteri verò habeant caput versus altare."--Cap. _De Exsequiis_, p. 63. Antwerp, 1635.

A rubric afterwards directs (p. 168.) that the bier should be so set down in the middle of the church that in every case the injunction previously given should be complied with, even from the commencement of the funeral service; and, in fact, the manner of adhering to the established practice of exhibiting in the church to the people the bodies of the deceased clergy, clad in vestments, prior to their interment (on which occasions an altar-ward posture was naturally selected for the head, in order that the remains might be more easily seen), appears to have originated the idea of the fitness of retaining an unjustifiable priestly prerogative at the time of burial.

Mr. Hawker may peruse with much advantage the first Appendix in the second edition of _Eusebii Romani Epistola de Cultu Sanctorum ignotorum_. Mabillon has herein very usefully enlarged what he had said, "De Sepultura Sacerdotum," in the preceding impression, of which a French translation was speedily published at Paris, 12mo in eights, 1698. The text of both editions may be found together in tome i. of the _Ouvrages posthumes de Mabillon et Ruinart_, à Paris, 1724.

R.G.

_Totnes Church_ (Vol. ii., p. 376).--As the priory of St. Mary stood on the N.E. side of the parish church, it is not improbable that the arched passage to which your querist H.G.T. refers may have been formed between the two buildings, and found needful to allow room for the extension of the chancel on the re-erection of the church in 1432. Perhaps if H.G.T. could refer to the ancient documents brought to light by the fall of one of the pinnacles into the room over the porch in 1799, he would gain some information in connexion with his inquiry. The following note may have reference to the very "gangway" in question:

"William Ryder of Totnes, by his will dated 18th Nov. 1432 desires to be buried in the cemetery of the parish church, in itinere processionali juxta ecclesiam prioris et conventus Totton, ex opposito magni altaris ejusdem ecclesiæ."--See Dr. Oliver's _Monasticum Dioc. Exon._ p. 239.

It appears that the present churchyard is the site of the priory, but on this point the labours of the sexton would probably give some intimation.

S.S.S.

_Irish Brigade_ (Vol. ii., p. 407.).--Your correspondent J.B. will find some interesting particulars concerning the Irish Brigade in the _Military History of the Irish Nation_, by Matthew O'Conor, extending to the peace of Utrecht in 1711. It {453} was never finished. There is very valuable Appendix in French, written in 1749, and authenticated September 1. 1815, by the Adj.-Comm.-Col. De M. Morres (Hervé); it gives the war-orders, pay, changes in the organization, and numbers of this gallant corps.

MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.

* * * * *

MISCELLANEOUS.

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.

We have received the second edition of _Chronicles of the Ancient British Church_. The author exhibits great industry and research, and brings that kindly reverential temper to his subject, which cannot fail to win for it the sympathy of his readers. The apostolic origin of British Christianity, and the early independence of the British Church, are satisfactorily maintained, the labours of St. Patrick in Ireland, St. David and his workfellows in Wales, St. Columba and St. Ninian in the North, are duly chronicled; and the slender particulars that remain to us of the ancient Church in Cornwall, are gleaned up with diligence and accuracy. The volume is put together in a readable and popular shape, but is not unworthy the attention of even our clerical friends. The author takes nothing upon trust, and while availing himself of the labours of Usher, Stillingfleet, &c., he ascends to the original authorities from which they drew, and makes us acquainted with the pages of Gildas, Nennius, and Giraldus Cambrensis.

There is a time-honoured proverb, which bids us "Laugh and grow fat." The author of a series of very witty and instructive papers written under the title of, and for the prose of showing us _How to make Home Unhealthy_,--written, too, it is obvious, on the principle of "When I say hold fast, let go, and When I say let go, hold fast,"--has improved upon the old saw, and bids us "Laugh and grow healthy." The subject is one which comes home to everybody, and we accordingly recommend everybody in search of a pleasant half-hour's reading of a happy combination of common sense and uncommon humour to apply themselves to the study of _How to make Home Unhealthy_.

We last week called attention to several Flemish works likely to interest English readers. We have since seen how desirable it is that this should be done, in the fact, that a curious Flemish Rhyming Chronicle respecting our Edward III., by Jan de Klerk, edited in 1840 by that accomplished antiquary Willems, and of which only 100 copies were printed, has hitherto been so little known in this country, that nearly a quarter of the whole impression was left unsold in the hands of the late Mr. Rodd. At the last sale of Mr. Rodd's books they were purchased by Mr. Quaritch.

We have received the following Catalogues:--Thomas Thorpe's (13. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden) General Catalogue of the most extensive Collection of Curious Books on Sale in this or any other country, in most Languages and classes of Literature, and including many hundred Articles of the utmost rarity; William Brown's (46. High Holborn) Catalogue of Second-hand English and Foreign Books; Cole's (15. Great Turnstile, Holborn) List No. XXX. of Miscellaneous Second-hand Books; Reeves' and Turner's (98. Chancery Lane) Catalogue No. 14. of Cheap Books, many Rare and Curious; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 14. for 1850, of Books Old and New; John Petheram's (94. High Holborn) Catalogue Part CXVIII., No. 12. for 1850, of Old and New Books.

Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell on Wednesday next and three following days, the valuable Philological, Biblical, and Miscellaneous Library of the late Rev. Richard Garnet of the British Museum.

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{455} Committee for the Repair of the TOMB OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER.

JOHN BRUCE, Esq., Treas. S.A. J. PAYNE COLLIER, Esq., V.P.S.A. PETER CUNNINGHAM, Esq., F.S.A. WILLIAM RICHARD DRAKE, Esq., F.S.A. THOMAS W. KING, Esq., F.S.A. SIR FREDERICK MADDEN, K.II. JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS, Esq., F.S.A. HENRY SHAW, Esq., F.S.A. SAMUEL SHEPHERD, Esq., F.S.A. WILLIAM J. THOMS, Esq., F.S.A.

The Tomb of Geoffrey Chaucer in Westminster Abbey is fast mouldering into irretrievable decay. A sum of One Hundred Pounds will effect a perfect repair. The Committee have not thought it right to fix any limit to the subscription; they themselves, have opened the list with a contribution from each of them of Five Shillings; but they will be ready to receive any amount, more or less, which those who value poetry and honour Chaucer may be kind enough to remit to them.