Part 3

_French Refugees._--During the time of the French Revolution, 1789-1800, many families emigrated to England, and received shelter and support at an hospital then situate in Spital Fields. I should feel obliged for any information relating to the books or registers of that hospital wherein would be found the names of the emigrants, and also whether there is any publication relating to them.

J. F. F.

Dublin.

"_Dilamgabendi._"--What is the precise meaning of the word _Dilamgabendi_; is it of ancient British origin, or to what language does it belong?

A TRAVELLER.

_Mr. Plumley._--In the _Literary Intelligencer_ for March, 1822, No. 131., in an article entitled "Extremes Meet," it is said:

"Mr. Plumley concludes one of his tragedies with a dying speech and an execution. And gives an appendix of references to the passages of Scripture quoted in his plays."

Who was Mr. Plumley, and what did he write? I cannot find any book to which the above passage can refer in the British Museum.

C. L.

_Designation of Works under Review._--I shall be much indebted to the Editor of "N. & Q.," or to any of his correspondents, if he or they will inform me of the designation under which the works, whose names stand at the head of a review, should be technically referred to by the reviewer.

C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.

Birmingham.

_North-west Passage._--In 1612, Captain Thomas Button made a voyage to discover the north-west passage, and was afterwards knighted by King James. Can any of your readers refer me to a pedigree, or other particulars, of Sir Thomas Button's family? They appear to have been seated at Duffryn, in Glamorganshire, as early as the fourteenth or fifteenth century. Sir Thomas' daughter Ann married General Rowland Langharne, of St. Bride's, Pembrokeshire, a noted character in the civil war.

NOTARY.

_Fountains._--Will some kind reader obligingly state the names of any works that give representations or descriptions of foreign fountains?

AQUARIUS.

_Pope and John Dennis._--What is the authority for the universal assumption that Pope wrote _The Narrative of Dr. Robert Norris_? It is said, in the notes to the _Dunciad_, to have been published in Swift and Pope's _Miscellanies_, vol. iii. This does not prove that Pope wrote it. Farther, it is not {517} in the third volume of the _Miscellanies_ as republished in 1731. What are the facts?

P. J. D.

* * * * *

Minor Queries with Answers.

_The Irish at the Battle of Crecy._--I should feel obliged if any of your readers could inform me where the authority is for the Irish at the battle of Crecy having been the first to come to close fight with the French, and doing, "after the manner of their own countrie," effective service with their skenes or long knives.

M. P.

[There is the best authority for this assertion, even that of the veritable Holinshed, who quotes from Froissart, the cotemporary of our victorious Edward. "The armie which he (Edward) had over with him, was to the number of 4000 men of armes, and 10,000 archers, besides _Irishmen_ and Welshmen that followed the host on foot." The French historian also informs us, that the skene or knife was the chief weapon used by the Irish in that age: "The Irish have pointed knives with broad blades, sharp on both sides, like a dart-head, with which they kill their enemies," &c. Johnes's _Translation_, vol. iv. p. 428.: see also Grafton's _Chronicle_, p. 261.; and Keightley's _History of England_, vol. i. p. 279.]

_King of the Isle of Wight._--I was not aware that the Isle of Wight, like the Isle of Man, had once been a kingdom. It seems that Henry de Beauchamp, Earl and Duke of Warwick, was crowned, _circa_ 1445, King of the Isle of Wight. Perhaps some of your correspondents may be able to throw some light on this matter.

E. H. A.

[Henry Beauchamp, Duke of Warwick, son of Richard Earl of Warwick, was crowned King of the Isle of Wight by patent 24 Henry VI., King Henry in person assisting at the ceremonial, and placing the crown on his head. Leland (_Itiner._, vol. vi. p. 91.) says, "Henricus Comes de Warwike ab Henrico VI. cui carissimus erat, coronatus _in regem de Wighte_, et postea nominatus primus comes totius Angliæ." Leland takes this _ex Libello de Antiquitate Theoksibriensis Monasterii_, in the church of which house this Duke of Warwick was buried. But little notice has been taken of this singular event by our historians, and, except for some other collateral evidence, the authenticity of it might be doubted; but the representation of this duke with an imperial crown on his head and a sceptre before him, in an ancient window of the collegiate church at Warwick, leaves no doubt that such an event did take place. (See Worsley's _Hist. of the Isle of Wight_ for a plate copied from an accurate drawing of the king.) This honourable mark of the royal favour, however, conveyed no regal authority, the king having no power to transfer the sovereignty of any part of his dominions, as is observed by Lord Coke in his _Institutes_, where this transaction is discussed; and there is reason to conclude that, though titular king, he did not even possess the lordship of the island, no surrender appearing from Duke Humphrey, who was then living, and had a grant for the term of his life. Mr. Selden too, in his _Titles of Honour_, p. 29., treating of the title of the King of Man, observes that "it was like that of King of the Isle of Wight, in the great Beauchamp, Duke of Warwick, who was crowned king under Henry VI." Henry Beauchamp was also crowned King of Guernsey and Jersey. He died soon after these honours had been conferred on him, June 11, 1445, when the regal title expired with him, and the lordship of the island, at the death of the Duke of Gloucester, reverted to the crown.]

_Theodore de la Guard._--I have a tract by him with the title of _The simple Cobler of Aggawam, in America_, London, 1647. Who was he? and where can I find any account of him or his work?

CPL.

[The Rev. Nathaniel Ward was the author of this work. He was born at Haverhill in Essex, of which place his father was a clergyman; and after studying at Cambridge, became minister of Standon in Herts; but was cited before the bishop, Dec. 12, 1631, to answer for his nonconformity. Being forbidden to preach, he embarked for America in April, 1634, and settled as pastor of the church at Ipswich, or Aggawam. He returned to England in 1646, and on June 30, 1647, preached before the House of Commons, and the same year published _The Simple Cobler_. He was afterwards settled at Shenfield, near Brentwood, where he died in 1653, in his eighty-third year. Fuller, in his _Worthies_, co. Suffolk, speaking of him, says, that he, "following the counsel of the poet,

'Ridentem dicere verum, Quis vetat?'

'What doth forbid that one may smile, And also tell the truth the while?'

hath in a jesting way, in some of his books, delivered much smart truth of the present times." Dr. Mather, in his _Magnalia_, remarks of him, that "he was the author of many composures full of wit and sense; among which that entitled _The Simple Cobler_ (which demonstrated him to be a subtil statesman) was most considered." This work passed through several editions in England in 1647. It was reprinted in Boston in 1713. The best edition, containing the author's subsequent additions, is that edited by David Pulsifer, Boston, 1843.]

_Back._--What is the meaning and derivation of "Back," as applied to several localities in Bristol, as, for instance, The Back, Welsh Back, Temple Back, St. Augustine's Back, St. James' Back, Redcliffe Back? Many of them are not on the river, or I should have imagined it a corruption of the word bank.

MALCOLM FRASER.

Clifton.

[Barrett, in his _History of Bristol_, p. 72., gives a clue to the origin of this local name: "Before the quay was made the usual place, as Leland says, for landing goods out of the ships was at the Back (or _Bec_, a Saxon word for a river), where was the old Custom-house. The quay being completed, and the marsh of Bristol thereby effectually divided from that {518} of St. Augustine, houses and streets began to be built there; Marsh Street terminated with a chapel, dedicated to St. Clement, and a gate; and Back Street, with a gate also, and a chapel near it, dedicated to St. John, and belonging to St. Nicholas; the church of St. Stephen and its dependent parish, and the buildings between the Back and the quay, seem to have taken their rise at this period, and were all enclosed with a strong embattled wall, _externa_ or _secunda moenia urbis_, extending from the quay to the Back, where King Street has since been built."]

_Broom at Mast-head._--Whence did the custom originate of a broom being fastened to the mast-head of boats and small craft, to indicate their being for sale?

J. R. G.

Dublin.

[It originated from the old custom of putting up boughs upon anything which was intended for sale; and "this is the reason," says Brande, "why an old besom (which is a sort of _dried bush_) is put up at the top-mast-head of a ship or boat when she is to be sold."]

* * * * *

Replies.

THE ADVICE SUPPOSED TO HAVE BEEN GIVEN TO JULIUS III.

(Vol. viii., p. 54.; Vol. ix. _passim_.)

Your correspondent NOVUS has very judiciously warned controversialists on the use of a document as emanating from the papal court, which, to every one who reads it through (if a shorter examination will not be satisfactory), must carry evidence of its not being papal authority, but intended as a satire on Rome. A writer in the _Christian Remembrancer_, vol. xii., attaches undue importance to the signatures, in the absence of which, he admits, "we should conclude that this was the production of some enemy in disguise."

In a 4to. volume of Tracts now before me is a copy of the genuine document--

"Consilium delectorum cardinalium et aliorum prælatorum, de emendanda ecclesia. S. D. N. Papa Paulo III. ipso jubente conscriptum et exhibitum anno 1538;"

two copies of the supposititious

"Consilium quorundam episcoporum Bononiæ congregatorum quod de ratione stabiliendæ Romanæ ecclesiæ Julio III. Pont. Max. datum est. Quo artes et astutiæ Romanensium et arcana imperii papalis non pauca propalantur. Ex bibliotheca W. Crashauii. Londini, 1613;"

and several other tracts, so rare that an enumeration of them, and a few extracts, will perhaps be acceptable to many of the readers of "N. & Q." Fourth in order:

"Marcus Antonius de Dominis archiepiscopus Spalatensis, suæ profectionis consilium exponit. Londini, 1616."

"Bellum Papale, sive concordia discors Sixti Quinti et Clementis Octavi, circa Hieronymianam editionem, etc. Auctore Thoma Jamesio. Londini, 1600."

"[Ejusdem] Bellum Gregorianum, sive corruptionis Romanæ in operibus D. Gregorii M. jussu pontificum Rom. recognitis atque editis, etc. Oxoniæ, 1610."

"Summa actorum Facultatis Theologiæ Parisiensis contra librum inscriptum, Controversia Anglicana de potestate regis et pontificis, etc. Auctore Martino Becano. Londini, 1613."

"Antitortobellarminus, sive refutatio calumniarum, mendaciorum, et imposturarum laico-cardinalis Bellarmini, contra jura omnium regum et sinceram illibatamque famam Serenissimi, potentissimi piissimique Principis Jacobi ... fidei catholicæ defensoris et propugnatoris: per Joan. Gordonium. Londini, 1610."

"Tu super _hoc cepha_ fingis Christum ore loquutum Fundamen caulæ nidificabo meæ: Vernac'lo at Christus Solymis sermone loquutus, Separat articulis mascula foemineis; Petre, ait, hic cepha es, sanctæ fundamina caulæ, Et super _hac cepha_ ponere dico meæ:

. . . . . .

Quòd tu sic audes Christi pervertere verba Et pro foemineo subdere masculeum, Nil mirum; Papis solenne est cardineisque Sic pro foemineo subdere masculeum."

"Epilogus ad quatuor colloquia D^{ni} D^{ris} Wrighti pro mala fide habita; et a Jacobo Nixon non bona fide relata; et Guilielmo Stanleio nullius fidei perduelli dicata: pro amico et gentili suo D^{no} Thoma Roe equite editus. Authore Guilielmo Roe. Londini, 1615."

"D^{no} D^{ri} Wright Anglo, malæ causæ clienti: et Jacobo Nixon Hiberno, advocato pejori: et Guilielmo Stanleio, patrono pessimo; religionis et patriæ hostibus: poenam seram et poenitentiam seriam Guilielmus Roe exoptat."

This is the opening of the epilogus _Colloquii Spadani_, a copy of which rare tract is in the extensive collection of the President of the Chetham Society. The epilogue contains an unmeasured invective against these three "vassal slaves of servile Rome."[1] Wright's panegyric on Stanley is thus introduced and distorted:

"Egregia facinora tua vidit Hibernia, experta est Hollandia, agnoscit Hispania, prædicat Gallia, fatetur Flandria, neque potest negare Anglia. Ergo cum bona frontis tuæ serenitate sustinebis, si elogii tui vocem ad assensum nostrum repercussam, instar Ecchus remittamus, et Stanleium hominem egregie facinorosum dixerimus, quod in Hispanis consilio suo immissis vidit Hibernia, in Daventriæ proditione {519} experta est Hollandia, in stipendio proditioni imputato agnoscit Hispania, in pluribus locis frustra et cum ignominia tentatis prædicat Gallia, et nullam illi præfecturam unquam integrè credendo fatetur Flandria, neque post tot in patriam suam molitiones, et præsertim expeditionem quam ad fragorem pulverariæ conjurationis in nos habiturus erat, negare potest Anglia."

"Eadgarus in Jacobo redivivus: seu pietatis Anglicanæ defensio. Ab Adamo Reuter. Londini, 1614."

"[Ejusdem] Libertatis Anglicanæ defensio seu demonstratio: regnum Angliæ non esse feudum pontificis: in nobilissima et antiquissima Oxoniensi academia, publice apposita Martino Becano. Londini, 1613."

"[Ejusdem] Oratio: quam Papam esse Bestiam quæ non est et tamen est, apud Johan. Apoc. xvii. 8. in fine probantem ... recitavit Adam Reuter. Londini, 1610."

"[Ejusdem] Contra conspiratorum consilia orationes duæ. Habitæ ... 5^o Aug. et 5^o Nov., anno 1611, diebus regiæ liberationis a conspiratione Govvrie, et tormentaria. Londini, 1612."

"Ejusdem, Delineatio consilii brevissima: quam societati mercatorum Belgarum Londini florentiss. commorantium consecrat A. R. Londini, 1614."

"[Greek: Ponêsis Christophorou tou Angelou], etc. At Oxford, 1617."

"[The same]. Christopher Angell, who tasted of many stripes and torments, inflicted by the Turkes for the faith which he had in Christ Jesus. At Oxford, 1617."

"[Ejusdem] Labor C. A. Græci. De apostasia ecclesiæ, et de homine peccati scilicet Antichristo, etc. Gr. et Lat. Londini, 1624."[2]

"Expositio mysteriorum misse et verus modus rite celebrandi. A Guilhelmo de Gouda. Daventrie, 1504."

Had I not already occupied so much space, I should have added an extract from Angell's _Epistle in commendation of England and the Inhabitants thereof_. He begins thus:

"O faire like man, thou most fertill and pleasant countrie of England, which art the head of the world, indued with those two faire eies, the two Universities."

BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM.

[Footnote 1: "Valete tria animalia Religionis servæ, et in servitutem nata."]

Had your correspondent NOVUS, in his first communication, specified by name the _Consilium Quorundam Episcoporum_ as the document whose fictitious character he desired to notify, I should not have been betrayed into my supererogatory vindication of the _Consilium Delectorum Cardinalium_; the latter piece having lately been much before me, and its very extraordinary frankness in acknowledging the existence of the gravest abuses, of which the Reformers complained, giving it so much the air of satirical fiction. The use of the other document, moreover, being chiefly in the hands of a class of writers I am happy in not being able to boast a very extensive acquaintance with, recent anti-papal controversialists, I certainly did think that NOVUS had impugned the authenticity of the genuine _Consilium_.

R. G. is mistaken in supposing that I thought there were _nine Cardinals_ in the committee which drew up the genuine _Consilium_, as the full title of this piece will show:--_Consilium novem Delectorum Cardinalium et aliorum Prælatorum, de emendanda Ecclesia._

B. B. WOODWARD.

Bungay, Suffolk.

* * * * *

LORD ROSEHILL.

(Vol. ix., p. 422.)

Something more than a partiality for the novelist takes me now and then to the scene of the antiquary--Aberbrothock, or Arbroath. On one occasion, in company with a few friends, we made a day of it in a ramble along the romantic eastern coast of that burgh, and the scene of the perilous incident related of Sir Arthur Lekiss Wardour, when rescued from the incoming tide by being drawn up the face of the precipitous cliff by the doughty Mucklebacket, under the superintendence of Oldbuck and young Lovel. The fresh breeze from the German Ocean, and the excitement of the occasion, imparted a keen relish for the locality and its associations; and by the time we reached the hostelry of Mrs. Walker, at Auchmithie, a no less sharp appreciation of the _piscatorial spread_ we had the foresight to bespeak the previous day. Ushered into Lucky Walker's best dining-room, our attention was immediately drawn to an aristocratic emblazonment of arms which occupied one entire side of the room, with a ribbon, artistically disposed over the same, upon which was inscribed Lord Rosehill, who was, we were informed, the eldest son of the Earl of Northesk (Carnegie), a great proprietor in that neighbourhood, and the special patron of our hostess and her establishment.

With respect to the particular Lord Rosehill, alluded to by your correspondent W. D. R., I beg to offer him the following brief notice from Douglas' _Peerage_, by Wood, Edin. 1813:

"David L. Rosehill (son of Geo. 6th E. of Northesk) was born at Edin., 5th April, 1749; had an Ensign's commission in the 26th Reg. Foot in 1765; quitted the army 1767, and went to America. He married in Maryland, in Aug. 1768, Miss Mary Cheer, and died without issue at Rouen, in Normandy, 19 Feb. 1788, æt. 39."

From a dear old lady, whom I always find a mine of Forfarshire anecdote of the last century, I obtain some corroborative proof that the said David {520} Lord Rosehill was the eccentric character we might infer from the above, in the assurance that he was "a ne'er do weel, and ran away with the tincklers (_i. e._ gypsies) in early life."

If I may farther travel out of the record, allow me here to recommend to such of your readers as meditate the northern tour this summer, to diverge a little from the beaten track, and visit the neighbourhood above alluded to; your antiquarian friends, especially, will be delighted with that fine old ruin, the Abbey of Aberbrothock, now that it is brushed up and fit to receive visitors. The worthy Mr. Peter, in charge, has some curious relics acquired at the last diggins, and possesses a fragment of a black-letter Chronicle to satisfy the incredulous that in identifying the objects exhibited, he has his warrant in Hector Boece. The man of progress, too, will find in Fairport, or Arbroath, a hive of industry; but, I regret to add, threatened with a check by this closing of the Baltic trade, which is, if I may say so, both _woof_ and _warp_ in the prosperity of this and other towns on the east coast of Scotland. And lastly, the lovers of ocean, rocks, and caves, will be not less interested with the environs, and I doubt not all would leave it exclaiming with Johnson, that if they had seen no more of old Scotia than Aberbrothock, they would not have regretted their journey.

J. O.

* * * * *

MAJOR ANDRÉ.

(Vol. ix., p. 111.)

On the 13th of January, 1817, Mr. Chappell made a report unfavourable to the petition of John Paulding (one of the citizens who captured Major André), who prays for an increase of the pension allowed to him by the government in consequence of that service. On the question to reverse this report, an interesting debate followed.

We copy the following from the _National Intelligencer_, January 14, 1817:

"What gave interest principally to the debate, was the disclosure by Mr. Tallmadge of Connecticut (an officer at the time, and commanding the advance guard when Major André was brought in) of his view of the merit of this transaction, with which history and the records of the country have made every man familiar. The value of the service he did not deny; but on the authority of the declaration of Major André (made while in the custody of Colonel Tallmadge), he gave it as his opinion that, if Major André could have given to these men the amount they demanded for his release, he never would have been hung as a spy, nor in captivity on that occasion. Mr. T.'s statement was minutely circumstantial, and given with expressions of his individual confidence in its correctness. Among other circumstances he stated, that when Major André's boots were taken off by them, it was to search for plunder, and not to detect treason. These persons, indeed, he said, were of that class of people who passed between both armies, as often in one camp as the other, and whom, he said, if he had met with them, he should probably as soon have apprehended as Major André, as he had always made it a rule to do with these suspicious persons. The conclusion to be drawn from the whole of Mr. Tallmadge's statement, of which this is a brief abstract, was, that these persons had brought in Major André only because they should probably get more for his apprehension than for his release."

The question on reversing the report was decided in the negative:--Ayes, 53; Noes, 80 or 90.

It is proper to say that the question was decided on the ground taken in the report, viz. on the injustice of legislating on a single case of pension, whilst there were many survivors of the Revolution whom the favour of the government had not distinguished.

From _The Gleaner_, published at Wilkesbury, Pennsylvania (copied into the _National Intelligencer_ of Washington, March 4, 1817):