Chapter 6

"John Cawley, son of Will. Cawley of the city of Chichester, gent., was, by the endeavours of his father, made Fellow of All Souls' College (from that of Magdalen) by the visitors appointed by Parliament, anno 1649; took the degrees in arts, that of Master being completed in 1654; and whether he became a preacher soon after, without any orders conferred on him by a bishop, I cannot tell. Sure I am, that after his Majesty's restoration, he became a great loyalist, disowned the former actions of his father, who had been one of the judges of King Charles I.; when he was tryed for his life by a pretended court of justice, rayled at him (being then living in a skulking condition beyond sea); and took all opportunities to free himself from having any hand or anything to do in the times of usurpation. About which time, having married one of the daughters of Mr. Pollard of Newnham Courtney, he became rector of Dedcot, or Dudcot, in Berkshire; rector of Henley in Oxfordshire; and in the beginning of March, 1666, Archdeacon of Lincoln."

[Greek: Halieus.]

Dublin.

_New Zealander and Westminster Bridge_ (Vol. ix., pp. 74. 159.).--Your correspondents have traced this celebrated passage to a letter from Horace Walpole to Sir H. Mann, and to passages in poems by Mrs. Barbauld and Kirke White. It appears to me that the following extract from the Preface to P. B. Shelley's _Peter Bell the Third_, has more resemblance to it. It is addressed to Moore:

"Hoping that the immortality which you have given to the Fudges you will receive from them; and in the firm expectation, that when London shall be an habitation of bitterns, when St. Paul's and Westminster Abbey shall stand shapeless and nameless ruins, in the midst of an unpeopled marsh; when the piers of Westminster Bridge shall become the nuclei of islets of reeds and osiers, and cast the jagged shadows of their broken arches on the solitary stream; some transatlantic commentator will be weighing in the scales of some new and now unimagined system of criticism, the respective merits of the Bells, and the Fudges, and their historians."

JOHN THRUPP.

10. York Gate.

Several passages from different writers having been mentioned in your columns as likely to have suggested to our brilliant essayist and historian his celebrated graphic sketch of the New Zealander meditating over the ruins of London, I would beg leave to hint the probability that not one of those many passages were present to his mind or memory at the moment he wrote. The fact is that the picture is so true to nature, and has been so often sketched, and the associations and reflections arising from it so often felt and described, that I cannot for a moment admit the insinuation of a charge of plagiarism, or even unconscious adaptation of another's thoughts in one so abundantly stored with imagery of his own, that the very overflowings of his own wealth would enrich a generation of writers. It has however occurred to me that his classic mind might have remembered the picture of Marius amid the ruins of Carthage, or, more probably, the still more striking passage in the celebrated letter of Sulpicius to Cicero, on the death of his daughter Tullia, in which he describes himself, on his return from Asia, as sailing from Ægina towards Megara, and contemplating the surrounding countries:

"Behind me lay Ægina, before me Megara; on my right I saw Piræus, and on my left Corinth. These cities, once so flourishing and magnificent, now presented nothing to my view but a sad spectacle of desolation."

And he then proceeds with his melancholy reflections on so many perishing memorials of human glory and grandeur in so small a compass.

G. W. T.

Volney wrote thus:

"Qui sait si sur les rives de la Seine, de la Tamise ... dans le tourbillon de tant de jouissances ... un voyageur, comme moi, ne s'asseoira pas un jour sur de muettes ruines, et ne pleurera pas solitaire sur la cendre des peuples et la mémoire de leur grandeur?"--_Les Ruines_, chap. ii. p. 11.

MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.

_Misapplication of Terms_ (Vol. ix., p. 44.).--I cannot pretend to set up my judgment against that of MR. SQUEERS, who has in his favour the proverbial wisdom of the Schools. Riddle, however, who I believe is an authority, gives the word LEGO no such meaning as "to hearken." If Plautus uses the word in that sense, as it is an uncommon one, the passage should have been quoted, or a reference given. The meaning of {362} the word appears to be "to collect, run over, see, read, choose." In justification of my criticism, and in reply to MR. SQUEERS, I shall quote Horne Tooke's remark, in speaking of "[Greek: ta deonta], or things which ought to be done;" _Div. Purley_, Pt. II. ch. viii. (vol. ii. pp. 499-501., edit. 1849):

"The first of these, LEGEND, which means _That which ought to be read_, is, from the early misapplication of the term by impostors, now used by us as if it meant, _That which ought to be laughed at_. And so it is explained in our Dictionaries."

At the hazard of being again deemed hypercritical, while on this subject, _the misapplication of terms_, I must question the correctness of the phrase "_Under_ the _circum_stance." A thing must be _in_ or _amidst_ its _circum_-stances; it cannot be _under_ them. I admit the commonness of the expression, but it is not the less a solecism. Can you inform me when it was introduced? I hope it is not old enough to be considered inveterate. The best authors write "in the circumstances;" and yet so prevalent is the anomaly, that in a very respectable periodical, not long since, the French "_dans_ les circonstances présentes," given as a quotation, is rendered "_Under_ the present circumstances."

J. W. THOMAS.

Dewsbury.

_Hoglandia_ (Vol. viii., p. 151.).--In reply to an inquiry for the full title of a book from which a quotation is given in _Pugna Porcorum_, the full title is [Greek: Choirochôrographia], _sive Hoglandiæ descriptio_, published anonymously in 1709, in retaliation of Edward Holdsworth's _Muscipula_. "Hoglandia" is Hampshire, and Holdsworth probably was a Hampshire man, for he was educated at Winchester, and we may presume the anonymous author to have been a Cambro-Briton.

H. L.

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