Part 1
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NOTES AND QUERIES:
A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
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No. 229.] SATURDAY, MARCH 18. 1854. [Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
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CONTENTS.
NOTES:-- Page
Gossiping History 239
Works on Bells, by the Rev. H. T. Ellacombe 240
Inedited Letter of Lord Nelson, by E. W. Jacob 241
FOLK LORE:--Herefordshire Folk Lore--Greenock Fair--Dragons' Blood--Charm for the Ague 242
Psalms for the Chief Musician: Hebrew Music, by T. J. Buckton 242
MINOR NOTES:--"Garble"--Deaths in the Society of Friends--The Eastern Question--Jonathan Swift, Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin--English Literature--Irish Legislation --Anecdote of George IV. and the Duke of York 243
QUERIES:--
Anonymous Works: "Posthumous Parodies," "Adventures in the Moon," &c. 244
Blind Mackerel 245
MINOR QUERIES:--Original Words of old Scotch Airs-- Royal Salutes--"The Negro's Complaint"--"The Cow Doctor"-- Soomarokoff's "Demetrius"--Polygamy--Irish, Anglo-Saxon, Longobardic, and Old English Letters--Description of Battles --Do Martyrs always feel Pain?--Carronade--Darcy, of Platten, co. Meath--Dorset--"Vanitatem observare"--King's Prerogative --Quotations in Cowper--Cawley the Regicide 245
MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Dr. John Pocklington --Last Marquis of Annandale--Heralds' College--Teddy the Tiler--Duchess of Mazarin's Monument--Halcyon Days 247
REPLIES:--
Dogs in Monumental Brasses, by the Rev. W. S. Simpson, &c. 249
Sneezing, by C. W. Bingham 250
Sir John de Morant 250
Inn Signs 251
"Concilium Delectorum Cardinalium" 252
Pulpit Hour-glasses, by Dr. E. F. Rimbault, &c. 253
PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--A Prize for the best Collodion--Double Iodide of Silver and Potassium-- Albumenized Paper--Cyanide of Potassium 254
REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Sawdust Recipe--Brydone the Tourist--Etymology of "Page"--Longfellow--Canting Arms-- Holy Loaf Money--"Could we with Ink," &c.--Mount Mill, and the Fortifications of London--Standing while the Lord's Prayer is read--A dead Sultan, with his Shirt for an Ensign --"Hovd mact of lact"--Captain Eyre's Drawings--Sir Thos. Browne and Bishop Ken, &c. 255
MISCELLANEOUS:--
Books and Odd Volumes wanted 258
Notices to Correspondents 259
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THE CASE OF QUEEN'S COLLEGE, OXFORD: in a Letter addressed to the Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P., Chancellor of the Exchequer. By JOHN BARROW, B.D., Fellow, and formerly Tutor, of Queen's College.
Oxford and London: JOHN HENRY PARKER.
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SERMONS BY THE REV. E. HARSTON, M.A., Vicar and Rural Dean of Tamworth.
Also, by the same Author,
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THE CIVIL SERVICE, ETC.
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Oxford and London: JOHN HENRY PARKER.
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REPORTS OF THE OXFORD TUTORS' ASSOCIATION, NO. IV.
RECOMMENDATIONS RESPECTING COLLEGE STATUTES, and the Alterations required in Colleges, as adopted by THE TUTORS' ASSOCIATION, February, 1854.
Oxford and London: JOHN HENRY PARKER.
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Preparing for Publication.
DR. PUSEY'S EVIDENCE VINDICATED from PROFESSOR VAUGHAN'S STRICTURES. By the REV. DR. PUSEY.
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This Day, Cheaper Edition, Three Volumes, 10s. 6d.
FAMILY HISTORY OF ENGLAND, by G. R. GLEIG, M.A., Chaplain General to the Forces.
By the same Author, 3s. 6d.,
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THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL MISCELLANY, No. V., containing a Reprint of "A Whip for an Ape," or Rhymes against Martin Mar-Prelate, with Notes by DR. RIMBAULT. Also, a Notice of the Hardwicke Manuscripts; together with a Catalogue of Valuable Books (upwards of 1000 Articles) in all Classes of Literature, on Sale by
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STEPHEN J. ALDRICH, Secretary.
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Just published, No. III., price 6s., of
THE LONDON QUARTERLY REVIEW.
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I. THIERSCH, AS THEOLOGIAN AND CRITIC.
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V. METEOROLOGY: ITS PROGRESS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS.
VI. RESEARCHES IN PALESTINE.
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VIII. RICHARD WATSON.
IX. MODERN POETRY: ITS GENIUS AND TENDENCIES.
X. AMERICA, PAST AND FUTURE.
BRIEF LITERARY NOTICES.
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LEILA ADA, the Jewish Convert. An Authentic Memoir. By OSBORN W. TRENERY HEIGHWAY. Fourth Thousand.
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INFIDELITY; its Aspects, Causes, and Agencies. By the REV. T. PEARSON, Eyemouth, N.B. (Evangelical Alliance Prize Essay.)
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LIVES OF THE ILLUSTRIOUS. Vol. IV., just published, contains:--Samuel Johnson, Petrarca, George Fox, Earl of Shaftesbury, J. S. Buckingham, John Foster, Robespierre, Nicholas Breakspeare, George Cuvier, Robert Hall, B. R. Haydon, Strauss, William Tyndale, C. J. Napier, John Milton, Goethe, D. Francois Arago, Joseph Smith, Walter Raleigh, J. B. Gough, Admiral Cockburn, Nicholas I.
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A PHILOLOGICAL GRAMMAR, grounded upon English, and formed from a Comparison of more than Sixty Languages. Being an Introduction to the Science of Grammar, and a help to Grammars of all Languages, especially English, Latin, and Greek. By WILLIAM BARNES, B.D., of St. John's College, Cambridge, Author of "Poems in the Dorset Dialect," "Anglo-Saxon Delectus," &c.
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_LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1854_
Notes.
GOSSIPING HISTORY.
"This is the Jew That Shakspeare drew."
I do not know by whom or when the above couplet was first imputed to Pope. The following extracts will show how a story grows, and the parasites which, under unwholesome cultivation, adhere to it. The restoration of Shakspeare's text, and the performance of Shylock as a serious part, are told as usual.
"In the dumb action of the trial scene he was amazingly descriptive, and through the whole displayed such unequalled merit, as justly entitled him to that very comprehensive, though concise, compliment paid to him by Mr. Pope, who sat in the stage-box on the third night of the reproduction, and who emphatically exclaimed,--
'This is the Jew That Shakspeare drew.'"
_Life of Macklin_, by J. T. Kirkman, vol. i. p. 264.: London, 1799, 2 vols. 8vo.
The book is ill-written, and no authorities are cited.
"A few days after, Macklin received an invitation to dine with Lord Bolingbroke at Battersea. He attended the rendezvous, and there found Pope and a select party, who complimented him very much on the part of Shylock, and questioned him about many little particulars, relative to his getting up the play, &c. Pope particularly asked him why he wore a _red hat_, and he answered, because he had read that Jews in Italy, particularly in Venice, wore hats of that colour.
'And pray, Mr. Macklin,' said Pope, 'do players in general take such pains?' 'I do not know, sir, that they do; but as I had staked my reputation on the character, I was determined to spare no trouble in getting at the best information.' Pope nodded, and said, 'It was very laudable.'"--_Memoirs of Macklin_, p. 94., Lond. 1804.
The above work has not the author's name, and is as defective in references as Mr. Kirkman's. It is, however, not quite so trashy. Being published five years later, the author must have seen the preceding _Life_, and his not repeating the story about the couplet is strong presumption that it was not then believed. It appears again in the _Biographia Dramatica_, vol. i. p. 469., London, 1812:
"Macklin's performance of this character (Shylock) so forcibly struck a gentleman in the pit, that he as it were involuntarily exclaimed, 'This is,' &c. It has been said that this gentleman was Mr. Pope."
I am not aware of its alteration during the next forty years, but this was the state of the anecdote in 1853:
"Macklin was a tragedian, and the personal friend of Alexander Pope. He had a daughter, a beautiful and accomplished girl, who was likewise on the stage. On one occasion Macklin's daughter was about to take a benefit at Drury Lane Theatre, and on the morning of that evening, whilst the father and daughter were at breakfast, a young nobleman entered the apartment, and, with the most undisguised ruffianism, made overtures of a dishonourable character to Macklin for his daughter. The exasperated father, seizing a knife from the table, rushed at the fellow, who on the instant fled, on which Macklin pursued him along the street with the knife in his hand. The cause of the tragedian's wild appearance in the street soon got vent in the city. Evening came, and Old Drury seldom saw so crowded a house. The play was the _Merchant of Venice_, Macklin sustaining the part of Shylock, and his interesting daughter that of Jessica. Their reception was most enthusiastic; but in that scene where the Jew is informed of his daughter being carried off, the whole audience seemed to be quite carried away by Macklin's acting. The applause was immense, and Pope, who was standing in the pit, exclaimed,--
'That's the Jew that Shakspeare drew.'
Macklin was much respected in London. He was a native of Monaghan, and a Protestant. His father was a Catholic, and died when he was a child; and his mother being a Protestant, he was educated as such."--_Dublin Weekly Telegraph_, Feb. 9, 1853.
One more version is given in the _Irish Quarterly Review_, and quoted approvingly in _The Leader_, Dec. 17, 1853.
"The house was crowded from the opening of the doors, and the curtain rose amidst the most dreadful of all awful silence, the stillness of a multitude. The Jew enters in the third scene, and from that point, to the famous scene with Tubal, all passed off with considerable applause. Here, however, and in the trial scene, the actor was triumphant, and in the applause of a thousand voices the curtain dropped. The play was repeated for nineteen successive nights with increased success. On the third night of representation all eyes were directed to the stage-box, where sat a little deformed man; and whilst others watched _his_ gestures, as if to learn his opinion of the performers, he was gazing intently upon Shylock, and as the actor panted, in broken accents of rage, and sorrow, and avarice--'Go, Tubal, fee me an officer, bespeak him a fortnight before: I will have the heart of him, if he forfeit; for were he out of Venice, I can make what merchandise I will: go, Tubal, and meet me at our synagogue; go, good Tubal; at our synagogue, Tubal.'--the little man was seen to rise, and leaning from the box, as Macklin passed it, he whispered,--
'This is the Jew, That Shakspeare drew.'
The speaker was Alexander Pope, and, in that age, from his judgment in criticism there was no appeal."
{240} No reference to cotemporary testimony is given by these historians.
Galt, in his _Lives of the Players_, Lond. 1831, does not notice the story.
Pope was at Bath on the 4th of February, 1741, as appears from his letter to Warburton of that date; but as he mentions his intention to return to London, he may have been there on the 14th. That he was not in the pit we may be confident; that he was in the boxes is unlikely. His health was declining in 1739. In his letter to Swift, quoted in Croly's edition, vol. i. p. lxxx., he says:
"Having nothing to tell you of my poetry, I come to what is now my chief care, my health and amusement; the first is better as to headaches, worse as to weakness and nerves. The changes of weather affect me much; the mornings are my life, _in the evenings I am not dead indeed, but sleepy and stupid enough_. I love reading still better than conversation, but my eyes fail, and the hours when most people indulge in company, I am tired, and find the labour of the past day sufficient to weigh me down; _so I hide myself in bed, as a bird in the nest, much about the same time_, and rise and chirp in the morning."
I hope I have said enough to stop the farther growth of this story; but before laying down my pen, I wish to call attention to the practice of giving anecdotes without authorities. This is encouraged by the newspapers devoting a column to "varieties," which are often amusing, but oftener stale. A paragraph is now commencing the round, telling how a lady took a linendraper to a barber's, and on pretence of his being a mad relative, had his head shaved, while she absconded with his goods. It is a bad version of an excellent scene in Foote's _Cozeners_.
H. B. C.
Garrick Club.
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WORKS ON BELLS.
I have a Note of many books on bells, which may be acceptable to readers of "N. & Q." Those marked *, Cancellieri, in his work, calls Protestant writers on the subject.
* Anon. Recueil curieux et edifiant sur les Cloches de l'Eglise, avec les Ceremonies de leur Benediction. Cologne, 1757.
Barraud (Abb.). Notice sur les Cloches. 8vo., Caen, 1844.
Boemeri (G. L.). Programma de Feudo Campanario. Gottingae, 1755.
Buonmattei (Ben.). Declamazione delle Campane, dopo le sue Cicalate delle tre Sirocchie. Pisa, 1635.
Campani (Gio. Ant.). Opera. The frontispiece a large bell. Roma, 1495.
Cancellieri (F.). Descrizione della nuova Campana Magiore della Basilica Vaticana. Roma, 1786.
Cancellieri (F.). Descrizione delle due nuove Campane di Campidoglio beneditte del Pio VII. Roma, 1806, 4to.
* Cave (G. G.). An Turrium et Campanarum Usus in Repub. Christ. Deo displiceat? Leipsiae, 1709, 4to.
Conrad (Dietericus). De Campanis. Germanice.
* Eggers (Nic.). Dissertatio de Campanarum Materia et Forma.
Eggers (Nic.). Dissertatio de Origine et Nomine Campanarum. Ienae, 1684.
Eschenwecker. De eo quod justum est circa Campanas.
Fesc (Laberanus du). Des Cloches. 12mo., Paris, 1607-19.
* Goezii. Diatriba de Baptismo Campanarum, Lubecae, 1612.
Grimaud (Gilb.). Liturgie Sacree, avec un Traite des Cloches. Lyons, 1666, 4to. Pavia, 1678, 12mo.
* Hilschen (Gio.). Dissertatio de Campanis Templorum. Leipsiae, 1690.
* Homberg (Gas.). De Superstitiosis Campanarum pulsibus, ad eliciendas preces, quibus placentur fulmina, excogitatis. 4to., Frankfortiae, 1577.
Lazzarini (Alex.). De vario Tintinnabulorum Usu apud veteres Hebraeos et Ethnicos. 2 vols. 8vo., Romae, 1822.
Ludovici (G. F.). De eo quod justum est circa Campanas. Halae, 1708 et 1739.
Magii (Hier.). De Tintinnabulis, cum notis F. Swertii et Jungermanni. 12mo., Amstelodamae et Hanoviae, 1608, 1664, 1689. "A learned work."--Parr.
Martene. De Ritibus Ecclesiae.
* Medelii (Geo.). An Campanarum Sonitus Fulmina, Tonitura, et Fulgura impedire possit. 4to. 1703.
Mitzler (B. A.). De Campanis.
* Nerturgii (Mar.). Campanula Penitentiae. 4to., Dresden, 1644.
Paciaudi. Dissertazione su due Campane di Capua. Neapoli, 1750.
Pacichelli (Ab. J. B.). De Tintinnabulo Nolano Lucubratio Autumnalis. Neapoli, 1693. Dr. Parr calls this "a great curiosity."
Pagii. De Campanis Dissertatio.
Rocca (Ang.). De Campanis Commentarius. 4to. Romae, 1612.
* Reimanni (Geo. Chris.). De Campanis earumque Origine, vario Usu, Abusu, et Juribus. 4to., Isenaci, 1769.