Chapter 6

"_I could not love thee, dear, so much_" (Vol. ix., p. 125.).--These lines are from an exquisite _morceau_ entitled _To Lucasta, on going to the Wars_, by the gay, gallant, and ill-fated cavalier, Richard Lovelace, whose undying loyalty and love, and whose life, and every line that he wrote, are all redolent of the best days of chivalry. They are to be found in a 12mo. volume, _Lucasta_, London, 1649. The entire piece is so short, that I venture to subjoin it:

"Tell me not, sweet, I am unkinde, That from the nunnerie Of thy chaste breast and quiet minde, To warre and armes I flie.

"True, a new mistresse now I chase, The first foe in the field; And with a stronger faith imbrace A sword, a horse, a shield.

"Yet this inconstancy is such, As you too shall adore; I could not love thee, deare, so much, Loved I not honour more."

To the honour of Kent be it remembered that Lovelace was CANTIANUS.

[We are also indebted for Replies to E. L. HOLT WHITE, GEO. E. FRERE, E. C. H., J. K. R. W., H. J. RAINES, M.D., F. J. SCOTT, W. J. B. SMITH, E. S. T. T., C. B. E., F. E. E., &c. "Lovelace (says Wood) made his amours to a gentlewoman of great beauty and fortune, named Lucy Sacheverel, whom he usually called Lux casta; but she, upon a strong report that he was dead of his wound received at Dunkirk (where he had brought a regiment for the service of the French king), soon after married."--Wood's _Athenae Oxonienses_, vol. iii. p. 462.]

_Sir Charles Cotterell_ (Vol. viii., p. 564.).--Sir Charles Cotterell, the translator of _Cassandra_, was Master of the Ceremonies to Charles II.; which office he resigned to his son in 1686, and died about 1687. I cannot say where he was buried. I am in possession of a copy of--

"The Memorialls of Margaret de Valoys, first Wife to Henry the Fourth, King of France and Navarre; compiled in French by her own most delicate and Royal hand, and translated into English by Robert Codrington, Master of Arts: London, printed by R. H. 1661."

It is dedicated to "To the true lover of all good learning, the truly honourable Sir Charles Cotterell, Knight, Master of the Ceremonies," &c. On the fly-leaf of it is written, "Frances Cottrell, her booke, given by my honor'd grandfather Sir Cha. Cottrell." This edition is not mentioned by Lowndes; he only speaks of one of the date of 1662, with a title slightly different.

C--S. T. P.

_Muffins and Crumpets_ (Vol. ix., p. 77).--Crumpet, according to Todd's _Johnson_, is derived from A.-S. [Anglo-Saxon: crompeht], which Boswell explains, "full of crumples, wrinkled." Perhaps muffin is derived from, or connected with, the following:

"MOFFLET. _Moffletus._ Mofletus Panis delicatioris species, qui diatim distribui solet Canonicis praebendariis; Tolosatibus _Pain Moufflet_, quasi _Pain molet_ dictus; forte quod ejusmodi panes singulis diebus coquantur, atque recentes et teneri distribuantur."--_Du Cange._

The latter part of the description is very applicable to this article.

Under _Panes Praebendarii_, Du Cange says, "Innoc. Cironus observat ejusmodi panes Praebendarios dici, et in Tolosano tractu _Moufflets_ appellari." (See "N. & Q," Vol. i., pp. 173. 205. 253.)

ZEUS.

Todd, for the derivation of crumpet, gives the Saxon [Anglo-Saxon: crompeht]. To _crump_ is to eat a hard cake (Halliwell's _Archaisms_). Perhaps its usual accompaniment on the tea-table may be indebted for its name to its muff-like softness to the touch before toasting.

MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.

"_Clunk_" (Vol. viii., p. 65.).--The Scotch, and English, _clunk_ must have different meanings: for Jamieson defines the verb _to clunk_ "to emit a hollow and interrupted sound, as that proceeding from any liquid confined in a cask, when shaken, if the cask be not full;" and _to guggle_, as a "straight-necked bottle, when it is emptying;" and yet I am inclined to believe that the word also signifies _to swallow_, as in England. In the humorous ballad of "Rise up and bar the door," _clunk_ seems to be used in the sense of to swallow:

"And first they eat the while puddins, and then they eat the black; The gudeman said within himsel, the Deil _clunk_ ower ai that."

That is, may you swallow the devil with the black puddings, they perhaps being the best to the good man's taste. True, I have seen the word printed "clink," instead of _clunk_ in this song; but erroneously I think, as there is no signification of _clink_ in Jamieson that could be appropriately used by the man who saw his favourite puddings devoured before his face. To _clink_, means to "beat smartly", to "rivet the point of a nail," to "propagate scandal, or any rumour quickly;" none of which significations could be substituted for _clunk_ in the ballad.

HENRY STEPHENS.

_Picts' Houses_ (Vol. viii., p. 392.).--Such buildings underground as those described as Picts' {209} houses, were not uncommon on the borders of the Tweed. A number of them, apparently constructed as described, were discovered in a field on the farm of Whitsome Hill, Berwickshire, about forty years ago. They were supposed to have been made for the detention of prisoners taken in the frays during the Border feuds: and afterwards they were employed to conceal spirits, smuggled either across the Border, or from abroad.

HENRY STEPHENS.

_Tailless Cats_ (Vol. ix., p. 10.).--The tailless cats are still procurable in the Isle of Man, though many an unfortunate pussey with the tail cut off is palmed off as genuine on the unwary. The real tailless breed are rather longer in the hind legs than the ordinary cat, and grow to a large size.

P. P.

Though not a Manx man by birth, I can assure your correspondent SHIRLEY HIBBERD, that there is not only a species of tailless cats in the Isle of Man, but also of tailless barn-door fowls. I believe the latter are also to be found in Malta.

E. P. PALING.

Chorley.

"_Cock-and-bull story_" (Vol. v., pp. 414. 447.).--DR. MAITLAND, in his somewhat sarcastic remarks respecting "cock-and-bull stories," extracted from Mr. Faber's work, has, no doubt, given a true account of the "cock on the church steeple, as being symbolical of a doctor or teacher." Still I cannot see that this at all explains the expression of a "cock-and-bull story." Will DR. MAITLAND be so good as to enlighten me on this point?

I. R. R.

_Market Crosses_ (Vol. v., p. 511.).--Does not the marriage at the market cross allude simply to the civil marriages in the time of the Commonwealth, not alluding to any religious edifice at all? An inspection of many parish registers of that period will, I think, prove this.

I. R. R.

"_Largesse_" (Vol. v., p. 557.).--The word _largesse_ is not peculiar to Northamptonshire: I well remember it used in Essex at harvest-time, being shouted out at such time through the village to ask for a gift, as I always understood. A. B. may be referred to _Marmion_, Canto I. note 10.

I. R. R.

_Awkward, Awart, Awalt_ (Vol. viii., p. 310.).--When fat sheep roll over upon their backs, and cannot get up of themselves, they are said to be lying _awkward_, in some places _awalt_, and in others _awart_. Is _awkward_, in this sense, the same word that treated by H. C. K.?

S.

_Morgan Odoherty_ (Vol. viii., p. 11.).--In reference to the remarks of MR. J. S. WARDEN on the Morgan Odoherty of Blackwood's _Magazine_, I had imagined it was very generally known by literary men that that _nom de guerre_ was assumed by the late Captain Hamilton, author of the _Annals of the Peninsular Campaigns_, and other works; and brother of Sir William Hamilton, Professor of Logic in the University of Edinburgh. I had never heard, until mentioned by MR. WARDEN, that Dr. Maginn was ever identified with that name.

S.

_Black Rat_ (Vol. vii., p. 206.).--In reply to the question of MR. SHIRLEY HIBBERD, whether the original rat of this country is still in existence, I may mention, that in the agricultural districts of Forfarshire, the Black Rat (_Mus rattus_) was in existence a few years ago. On pulling down the remains of an old farm-steading in 1823, after the building of a new one, they were there so numerous, that a greyhound I had destroyed no fewer than seventy-seven of them in the course of a couple of hours. Having used precautions against their lodgment in the new steading, under the floors, and on the tops of the party walls, they were effectually banished from the farm.

HENRY STEPHENS.

_Blue Bells of Scotland_ (Vol. viii., p. 388.).--Your correspondent [Old English W]. of Philadelphia is in error in supposing that the beautiful song, "Blue Bells of Scotland," was any reference to bells painted blue. That charming melody refers to a very common pretty flower in Scotland, the _Campanula latifolia_ of Linnaeus, the flowers of which are drooping and bell-shaped, and of a blue colour.

HENRY STEPHENS.

_Grammars, &c. for Public Schools_ (Vol. ix., p. 8., &c.).--Pray add to the list a Latin grammar, under the title of _The Common Accidence Improved_, by the Rev. Edward Owen, Rector of Warrington, and for fifty years Master of the Grammar School founded in that town, under the will of Sir Thomas Boteler, on April 27, 1526. I believe it was first published in 1770, but the copy now before me is of an edition printed in 1800; and the Preface contains a promise (I know not whether afterwards fulfilled) of the early publication of the rules, versified on the plan of Busbey and Ruddiman, under the title of _Elementa Latina Metrica_.

J. F. M.

_Warville_ (Vol. viii., p. 516.).--As regards the letter _W_, there is a distinction to be made between proper names and other words in the French language. The exclusion of that letter from the alphabet is sufficient proof that there are no words of French origin that begin with it; but the proper names in which it figures are common enough in recent times. Of these, the greater number have been imported from the neighbouring countries of Germany, Switzerland, and {210} Belgium: and some too are of local origin or formation.

In the latter category is the name of _Warville_, which is derived from Ouarville, near Chartres, where Brissot was born in 1754. Between the French _ouar_ and our "war," there is a close similarity of sound; and in the spirit of innovation, which characterised the age of Brissot, the transition was a matter of easy accomplishment. Hence the _nom de guerre_ of Warville, by which he was known to his cotemporaries.

HENRY H. BREEN.

St. Lucia.

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Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

_The Camden Society_ has just issued a volume of domestic letters, which contain much curious illustration of the stirring times to which they refer. The volume is entitled _Letters of the Lady Brilliana Harley, wife of Sir Robert Harley, of Brampton Bryan, Knight of the Bath, with Introduction and Notes_, by the Rev. T. T. Lewis. The writer, Lady Brilliana, was a daughter of Sir Edward Conway, afterwards Baron Conway, and is supposed to have been born whilst her father was Lieut.-Governor of the "Brill." The earlier letters (1625-1633) are addressed to her husband, the remainder (1638-1643) to her son Edward, during his residence at Oxford. The appendix contains several documents of considerable historical interest.

_Elements of Jurisprudence_, by C. J. Foster, M.A., Professor of Jurisprudence at University College, London, is an able and well-written endeavour to settle the principles upon which law is to be founded. Believing that law is capable of scientific reduction, Professor Foster has in this little work attempted, and with great ability, to show the principles upon which he thinks it must be so reduced.

Mr. Croker has reprinted from _The Times_ his correspondence with Lord John Russell on some passages of Moore's _Diary_. In the postscript which he has added, explanatory of Mr. Moore's acquaintance and correspondence with him, Mr. Croker convicts Moore, by passages from his own letters, of writing very fulsomely _to_ Mr. Croker, at the same time that he was writing very sneeringly _of_ him.

A three days' sale of very fine books, from the library of a collector, was concluded on Wednesday the 22nd ult. by Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson, at their house in Wellington Street. The following prices of some of the more rare and curious lots exhibit a high state of bibliographical prosperity, notwithstanding the gloomy aspect of these critical times:--Lot 23, Biographie Universelle, fine paper, 52 vols., 29l.; lot 82, Donne's Poems, a fine large copy, 7l. 10s.; lot 90, Drummond of Hawthornden's Poems, 6l.; lot 137, Book of Christian Prayers, known as Queen Elizabeth's Prayer Book, 10l.; lot 53, a fine copy of Coryat's Crudities, 10l. 15s.; lot 184, Breydenbach, Sanctarum Peregrinationum in Montem Syon, first edition, 15l. 15s.; lot 190, the Book of Fayttes of Armes and Chyvalry, by Caxton, with two leaves in fac-simile, 77l.; lot 192, Chaucer's Works, the edition of 1542, 10l. 5s.; lot 200, Dugdale's Warwickshire, 13l. 10s.; lot 293, a gorgeous Oriental Manuscript from the Palace of Tippoo Saib, enriched with 157 large paintings, full of subject, 112l.; lot 240, Horae Virginis Mariae, a charming Flemish Manuscript, with 12 exquisite illuminations of a high class, 100l.; lot 229, Milton's Minor Poems, first edition, 6l. 6s.; lot 315, Navarre Nouvelles, fine paper, 5l. 5s.; lot 326, Fenton's Certaine Tragicall Discourses, first edition, 11l.; lot 330, Gascoigne's Pleasauntest Workes, fine copy, 14l.; lot 344, Horae Virginis Mariae, beautifully printed upon vellum, by Kerver, 26l.; lot 347, Latimer's Sermons, Daye, 1571, 14l.; lot 364, Milton's Comus, first edition, 10l. 10s.; lot 365, Milton's Paradise Lost, first edition, 12l. 17s. 6d.; lot 376, The Shah Nameh, a fine Persian manuscript, 10l. 12s. 6d.; lot 379, Froissart Chroniques, first edition, 22l. 15s.; lot 381, a fine copy of Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, five vols., 69l.; lot 390, the original edition of Holinshed's Chronicles, 16l. 10s.; lot 401, Lancelot du Lac, Chevalier de la Table Ronde, Petit, 1533, 16l.; lot 406, the original edition of Laud's Book of Common Prayer, 12l. 15s.; lot 412, Meliadus de Leonnoys, a romance of the round table, 11l.; lot 417, a superb copy of Montfaucon's Works, with the La Monarchie Francaise, 50l.; lot 418, Works of Sir Thomas More, with the rare leaf, 14l. 5s.; lot 563, Shakspeare's Life of Sir John Oldcastle, 11l.; lot 564, A Midsomer Night's Dream (1600), 18l. 5s.; lot 611, Shakspeare's Comedies, fine copy of the second edition, 28l.; lot 599, the celebrated Letter of Cardinal Pole, printed on large paper, of which two copies only are known, 64l.; lot 601, Purchas, his Pilgrimes, five vols., a fine copy, with the rare frontispiece, 65l. 10s. The 634 lots produced 2,616l. 4s. 6d.

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