Part 1
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NOTES AND QUERIES:
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No. 224.] SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11. 1854 [Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
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CONTENTS.
NOTES:-- Page
Eliminate, by C. Mansfield Ingleby 119
Cranmer's Bible 119
Sovereigns Dining and Supping in Public 120
Parallel Ideas from Poets, by Norris Deck 121
The great Alphabetic Psalm, and the Songs of Degrees, by T. J. Buckton 121
MINOR NOTES:--Inscription on a Grave-stone in Whittlebury Churchyard, Northamptonshire--Epitaph on Sir Henry St. George--Newton and Milton--Eternal Life--Inscriptions in Books--Churchill's Grave 122
QUERIES:--
Coronation Stone 123
Old Mereworth Castle, Kent 124
MINOR QUERIES:--"I could not love thee, dear, so much"-- Leicester as Ranger of Snowden--Crabb of Telsford-- Tolling the Bell while the Congregation is leaving Church--O'Brien of Thosmond--Order of St. David of Wales--Warple-way--Purlet--Liveries, Red and Scarlet-- Dr. Bragge--Chauncy, or Chancy--Plaster Casts-- [Greek: Sikera]--Dogs in Monumental Brasses 125
MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Marquis of Granby-- "Memorials of English Affairs," &c.--Standing when the Lord's Prayer is read--Hypocrisy, &c. 127
REPLIES:--
"Consilium Novem Delectorum Cardinalium," &c., by B. B. Woodward 127
John Bunyan, by George Offor 129
The Asteroids, &c., by J. Wm. Harris 129
Caps at Cambridge, by C. H. Cooper 130
Russia, Turkey, and the Black Sea, by John Macray 132
High Dutch and Low Dutch, by Professor Goedes de Grüter 132
PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--The Calotype on the Sea-shore 134
REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Ned o' the Todding--Hour-Glasses and Inscriptions on Old Pulpits--Table-turning--"Firm was their faith"--The Wilbraham Cheshire MS.--Mousehunt-- Begging the Question--Termination "-by"--German Tree-- Celtic Etymology--Recent Curiosities of Literature-- D. O. M.--Dr. John Taylor--Lines attributed to Hudibras --"Corporations have no Souls," &c.--Lord Mayor of London a Privy Councillor--Booty's Case--"Sat cito, si sat bene"--Celtic and Latin Languages--Brydone the Tourist's Birth-place 135
MISCELLANEOUS:--
Notes on Books, &c. 138
Books and Odd Volumes wanted 138
Notices to Correspondents 139
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{119}
_LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1854._
Notes.
ELIMINATE.
(Vol. v., p. 317.)
"N. & Q." has from time to time done much good service by holding up to reprobation modern and growing corruptions of the English language. I trust that its columns may be open to one more attempt to rescue from abuse the word which stands at the head of this article.
Its signification, whether sought from Latin usage and etymology, or from the works of English mathematicians, is "to turn out of doors," "to oust," or, as we say in the midland counties, "to get shut of." In French it may be rendered as well by _se défaire_ as by _éliminer_. Within the last seven or eight years, however, this valuable spoil of dead Latinity has been strangely perverted, and, through the ignorance or carelessness of writers, it has bidden fair to take to itself two significations utterly distinct from its derivation, viz. to "elicit," and to "evaluate." The former signification, if less vicious, is more commonly used than the latter. I append examples of both from three of the most elegant writers of the day. In the third extract the word under consideration is used in the latter sense; in the other extracts it carries the former.
_Lectures on the Philosophical Tendencies of the Age_, by J. D. Morrell, London, 1848, p. 41.:
"Had the men of ancient times, when they peopled the universe with deities, a deeper perception of the religious element in the mind, than had Newton, when having _eliminated_ the great law of the natural creation, his enraptured soul burst forth into the infinite and adored?"
I take one more illustration (among many others) from pp. 145, 146. of this work:
"It would not be strictly speaking correct to call them philosophical methods, because a philosophical method only exists when any tendency works itself clear, and gives rise to a formal, connected, and logical system of rules, by which we are to proceed in the _elimination_ of truth."
_The Eclipse of Faith_, by Professor Rogers, London, 1852, p. 392.:
"They are now at college, and have imbibed in different degrees that curious theory which professedly recognises Christianity (as consigned to the New Testament) as a truly _divine_ revelation, yet asserts that it is intermingled with a large amount of error and absurdity, and tells each man to _eliminate_ the divine 'element' for himself. According to this theory, the problem of eliciting revealed truth may be said to be indeterminate, the value of the unknown varies through all degrees of magnitude; it is equal to any thing, equal to every thing, equal to nothing, equal to infinity."
_Theological Essays_, by F. D. Maurice, Cambridge, 1853, p. 89.:
"Let us look, therefore, courageously at the popular dogma, that there are certain great ideas floating in the vast ocean of traditions which the old world exhibits to us, that the gospel appropriated some of these, and that we are to detect them and _eliminate_ them from its own traditions."
But for the fact that such writers have given the weight of their names to so unparalleled a blunder, it would seem almost childish to occupy the columns of a literary periodical with exposing it. It is, however, somewhat singular that it should be principally men of _classical_ attainments who perpetrate it. In my under-graduate days at Cambridge, the proneness of "classical men" to commit the blunder in question was proverbial.
In conclusion, then, let it be remembered that the word "eliminate" obtained general currency from the circumstance of its being originally admitted into mathematical works. In such works _elimination_ signifies the process of causing a function to disappear from an equation, the solution of which would be embarrassed by its presence there. In other writings the word "elimination" has but one correct signification, viz. "the extrusion of that which is superfluous or irrelevant." As an example of this legitimate use of the word, I will quote from Sir William Hamilton's accurate, witty, and learned article on "Logic," published in the _Edinburgh Review_, April, 1833:
"The preparatory step of the discussion was, therefore, an _elimination_ of these less precise and appropriate significations, which, as they could at best only afford a remote genus and difference, were wholly incompetent for the purpose of a definition."
C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.
Birmingham.
* * * * *
CRANMER'S BIBLE.
Queries which I have heard at various times lead me to think that a Note on this interesting volume may be acceptable to many readers who possess or have access to it; and especially to those whose copies may be (as too many are) imperfect at the beginning and end. Under this impression I send you an extract from the late Mr. Lea Wilson's catalogue of his unrivalled Collection of English Bibles. As very few copies of this curious and beautiful work were printed, and not one, I believe, has been sold, it is probable that few of your readers are aware of the criteria which that gentleman's ingenuity and industry have furnished for distinguishing between the {120} various editions which are known under the title of _The Great Bible_, or _Cranmer's Bible_. He begins his description of the edition of April, 1539, thus:
"As this volume is commonly called the First Edition of Cranmer's or the Great Bible, I class it with the Six following; although in fact the Archbishop had nothing whatever to do with either the translation or publication. It was put forth entirely by Thomas Lord Cromwell, vide Herbert's _Ames_, p. 1550. vol. iii., who employed Coverdale to revise the existing translations. The first wherein Cranmer took any part is the large folio of April 1540, the text of which differs from this edition materially. The pages of this volume and of the four next following begin and end alike; and the general appearance of the whole five is so very similar that at first sight, one may be mistaken for another by those ignorant of the fact that they are all separate and distinct impressions: the whole of the titles, of which there are five in each Book, and every leaf of kalendar, prologue, text, and tables being entirely recomposed, and varying throughout in orthography, &c. The desire to make perfect copies out of several imperfect, has also caused extreme confusion, by uniting portions of different editions without due regard to their identity. These remarks apply equally to the editions of Nov. 1540, and Nov. 1541, of which, in like manner, each page begins and ends with the same words. Although the distinctive marks are very numerous, yet being chiefly typographical ornaments or arrangement, it is impossible to give here sufficient guides to ensure the integrity of each volume."--Page 12.
On the next page but one is added:
"The following lines of the forty-first chapter of Job differ in composition in all the seven volumes, and for the purpose of distinguishing the edition I have given them to each."
_No. 1. April, 1539._
No m[=a] is so cruell, that is able to stere him up. *Who is able to stande before me? Or ++who hath geu[=e] me anything afore hande, that I maye rewarde him agayne? All thynges un-
_No. 2. April, 1540._
No man is so cruell, y^t is able to stere h[=i] up. *Who is able to st[=a]de before me? Or ++who hath geuen me any thyng afore h[=a]de, y^e I maye rewarde him agayne? All thynges
_No. 3. July, 1540._
No man is so cruell, y^t is able to stere hym up. *who is able to stande before me? Or ++who hath geuen me any thynge aforehande, that I maye rewarde him agayne?
_No. 4. May, 1541._