Part 6

N. on Limerick, Dublin, and Cork, 102. ---- school libraries, 298. N. (A.) on mineral acids, 339. ---- names of plants, 136. N. (A. J.) on house-marks, 19. Namby-pamby, and other words of the same form, 318. 341. 390. Names in Bible and Prayer Book, how pronounced, 469. 590. 630. Names reversible, 244. 375. 655. Naphtali on anonymous poet, 127. Napier (Sir Charles) and the conquest of Scinde, 490. 574. 631. * Naples and the Campagna Felice, 33. * Napoleon, anecdote of, 292. Napoleon's bees, 30. ---- spelling, 386. 502. ---- thunderstorm, 148. * Nash the artist, 79. N. (D.) on Lewis and Sewell families, 521. 621. N. (D. Y.) on the Porter family, 364. Nedlam on snail-eating, 128. * Neele (H.), editor of Shakspeare, 539. Nemo on death of Falstaff, 314. Newans (Thomas), a prophet, 381. Newburiensis on Francis Browne, 639. ---- Sir George Brown, 243. 301. ---- poetical tavern signs, 569. ---- worm in books, 526. Newington on Milton's widow, 595. Newman (W.) on "The Devil on Two Sticks," 413. Newspapers in Scotland, the earlier, 57. Newspapers, notes on, 333. Newstead Abbey, 2. New Testament, an early edition, 219. 277. Newton (Mr. Justice) noticed, 15. 110. * Newton (Sir Isaac) and Flamsteed, 102. * ---- and his half-niece, 429. * ---- and Somers, 78. * ---- his memorial, 172. ---- on railway travelling, 34. 65. * New Universal Magazine, inquiry respecting, 639. New Year's Eve and New Year's Day, custom on, 618. N. (G.) on books burned by the hangman, 626. ---- hour-glass in pulpits, 83. ---- lines on the institution of the Garter, 479. ---- medal of Mary Queen of Scots, 444. ---- old Fogie, 455. N. (G. E. T. S. R.) on chronograms in Sicily, 562. ---- Gentile names of the Jews, 563. ---- St. Clement's apple-feast, 618. N. (H.) on anticipatory use of the cross, and ringing of bells for the dead, 417. Nicholas (Emperor), his manifesto, 585. Nicholas (St.), his performances on Christmas Eve, 615. Nightingale and thorn, 527. Nightingale's song, 112. 475. 651. Nimmo (Thos.) on an inedited letter of Henry VIII., 510. Nine as a multiple, 149. 305. Nixon the prophet, 257. 326. * Noel family, 316. No Judge on piccalyly, 8. * Nonjurors, sources for their history, 621. Norfolk (Margaret, Duchess of), her arms, 84. Norman of Winster, 126. 302. North (Lord), a woodcut of, 183. 230. 303. Nostradamus, edition of 1605, 552. Novus on advice given to Julius III., 54. Noxid on cement of glass-baths, 397. N. (S.) on Earl of Oxford, and the creation of peers, 292. ---- helmets over shields, 538. Nugget, not an Americanism, 375. 481. Nuneham Regis, discovery at, 101. Nursery rhymes, 452. 605. * Nursrow, origin of the word, 538. [N (Old English)]. ([W (Old English)].), epigram on McAdam, 441. N. (W.) on Aristotle's checks, 98. N. (W. L.) on MS. of Spenser's Fairy Queen, 357.

O.

Oak, how to clean old, 45. 58. Oak, veneration for the, 468. 632. Oaken tombs, &c., 179. 454. * Oasis, how accented, 410. Oaths as taken by the English and Welsh, 364. 471. 605. Oaths of pregnant women, 503. Obnoxious, its different meanings, 439. * O'Brien (Nelly) noticed, 410. Observer on Lord North, 303. O. (D. N.) on passage in Blackwood, 493. Offertory alms, superstition respecting, 617. O. (J.) on Alexander Clark, 517. ---- books burned by the hangman, 346. ---- impossibilities of our forefathers, 559. ---- parish clerks and politics, 56. ---- Patrick Carey, 406. ---- Peter Brett, 533. ---- Robert Drury, 104. ---- Temple lands in Scotland, 480. ---- Thomas Newans, a prophet, 381. ---- William Blake, 69. 435. * Okey the regicide, 620. Oldenshaw (C.) on song by Dr. Lisle, 281. Old Grumbleum on punning devices, 376. Oldham, Bishop of Exeter, 183. Oliver on Rathband family, 493. Omega on pues or pews, 127. Omicron on humbug, its derivation, 575. ---- Osborne family, 448. ---- Osborn filius Herfasti, 654. ---- Wellington's first victory, 491. O. (P. A.) on post-office about 1770, 8. * Orange blossom, 341. O. (R. A. S.) on St. George family pictures, 104. Orton (Job), the publican, his burial, 59. Osborn family, 270. 448. Osborn filius Herfasti, 515. 654. Osmotherly in Yorkshire, tradition of, 617. O'Sullivan (Wm.) on Gurney's short-hand, 589. Oswald (Richard) noticed, 442. 549. Outlawe (Roger) noticed, 5. * Owen (Dr. Charles) noticed, 492. Owen (Hugh) on yellow bottles for chemicals, 110. Oxford commemoration squib, 1849, 584. Oxford (Earl of), and the creation of peers, 292. 392. Oxoniensis on "Amentium haud amantium," 19. ---- Nightingale's song, 112. ---- pure, its singular use, 125.

P.

Packington (Lady), supposed author of the Whole Duty of Man, 564. Paget (Arthur) on Lisle family, 423. ---- Milton's widow, 452. ---- Synge family, 423. ---- teaching a dog French, 581. Paget family, 12. 134. 200. 375. 452. Pagoda, 401. 523. Paint, how taken off of old oak, 45. 58. Palæologus (Theodore), his inscription, 408. 526. * Pale, its meaning, 78. Paley's plagiarism, 589. Palindromes, 520. Panama, the Isthmus of, 144. Paper, how split, 413. 604. Parallel passages, 30. 195. 372. 465. 560. * Parchment deeds, on cleansing soiled, 270. Pardon churchyard, 63. Parish clerk, a female, 338. 474. Parish clerks and politics, 56. 230. 575. ---- clerks' company, 341. 452. ---- registers, lines prefixed to, 30. * Park, the antiquary, 8. * Parker (Abp.), his correspondence, 149. * Parliament, a member of, electing himself, 586. Parochial libraries, 62. 274. 327. 369. 527. 595. Parr (Dr.), his letter on Milton, 433. Party, its earliest use, 137. Party names in the seventeenth century, 117. Party-similes of the seventeenth century, 485. Parvise explained, 161. Pascal, a saying of his, 44. Pater-noster, the white, 614. * Patriarchs of the Western Church, 317. Patrick (Bp. Simon) noticed, 103. 205. * Patrick (St.), or Maune and Man, 291. Patrick's purgatory, 178. 327. Patten (Margaret), her picture, 442. * "Pay the Piper," its origin, 198. P. (C. J.) on fishermen's custom at Wardhouse, 78. Peacock (Edw.) on ecclesiastical censure, 466. ---- Francis Moore, 271. ---- hour-glass in pulpits, 83. 279. ---- North Lincolnshire folk lore, 382. ---- Sir William Hewet, 652. ---- weather rules, 50. Peasantry, popular stories of the English, 94. "Peccavi! I have Scinde," 490. 574. Pedigree indices, 317. 453. * Pedigree to the time of Alfred, 586. "Peg" or "nail," for an argument, 561. * Pelasgi, a sorrowful race, 516. Pembrokiensis on tomb of Henry I., 411. Pennycomequick, its derivation, 8. 113. 184. 255. Pepys (Samuel) and East London Topography, 263. ---- his grammar, 466. 502. * ---- his queries, 341. Percy (Lady), wife of Hotspur, 104. 184. 251. * Perfect tense, its rationale, 410. Perseverant, its early use, 44. Persius Flaccus (Aulus), his birth-place, 389. Personage, a mysterious one, 34. 113. Perthensis on Alexander Clark, 18. ---- aliases and initials of authors, 124. Peterborough Cathedral, inscription in, 215. 303. * Peter the Great, his will, 539. Petheram (John) on Sir Thomas Button's Voyages, 385. * Petrarch's Laura, 562. P. (Francis) on heraldic query, 220. P. (G.) on the meaning of trash, 135. P. (H.) on crosses on stoles, 411. ---- French Prayer Books, 478. ---- love charm from a foal's forehead, 292. [Phi]. on ampers and, 254. ---- yew-trees in churchyards, 346. [Phi]. (2) on stereoscopic angles, 16. [Hebrew: Pe]. on chronicles of kings of Israel, 561. ---- non-recurring diseases, 516. Ph. on oaths of pregnant women, 503. ---- pagoda, 401. [Phi]. [Phi]. on standard of weights and measures, 340. Phantom bells, 576. Pharaoh's ring, 416. 521. Philadelphia Directories, 168. Philadelphia, the early delights of, 537. Philharmonicus on Weber's Cecilia, 589. Philip III. of Spain, his death, 583. Philo-Handel on Handel's Dettingen Te Deum, 388. Philo-Pho. on ammonio-nitrate of silver, 204. [phi]. ([omega].) on book inscriptions, 64. [Greek: Phôtographos] on Dr. Diamond's calotype process, 572. PHOTOGRAPHY:-- aceto-nitrate of silver, 649. albumenised paper, 395. 501. 548. 572. albumenised process, 549. ammonio-nitrate, is it dangerous? 134. 158. 204. 276. baths for collodion process, 42. calotype process, 548. 572. 596. camera obscura, 41. cameras, their lining, 157. cement for glass baths, 397. clouds in photographs, 451. 477. 501. collodion negatives, 629. collodion pictures, 181. collodion process, 41. 42. 46. cyanuret of potassium, 157. developing mixture, 549. Dr. Diamond's collodion process, 41. 133. ---- lecture on the calotype process, 596. engraving, 628. gallo-nitrate of silver, 17. glass chambers, 133. iodizing paper, 46. Ingleby's Essay on the Stereoscope, 401. 451. lenses, 133. 476. Lyte's three new processes, 252. 373. ---- treatment of positives, 15. manuscripts copied, 456. 501. minuteness of detail on paper, 157. Muller's process, 203. 253. 275. 451. multiplication of photographs, 85. 157. negative paper, 203. photographic exhibition, 476. photographs by artificial light, 228. photographs in natural colours, 228. Pollock's process, 17. positives, 15. 17. 397. 451. precision in photographic processes, 301. protonitrate of iron, 228. printing on albumenised paper, 324. Pumphrey's process for black tints, 349. restoration of old collodion, 650. Sisson's developing solution, 157. 181. 253. 301. 373. stereoscopic angles, 16. 109. 157. 181. 227. 275. 348. 419. 451. 476. 501. Stewart's new photographic process, 60. ---- pantograph, 301. tent for collodion, 301. yellow bottles for chemicals, 86. 110. * Phrases, Dictionary of English, 292. Piccadilly, a collar, 467. Piccalyly, its origin, 8. 110. Pictor on epitaph in Wingfield Church, 98. Picts' houses in Aberdeenshire, 264. 392. 551. Pierrepont (John), his descendants, 303. Pigs said to see the wind, 100. Pilgrim's Progress, Part III., 222. Pimlico on "Tub to a whale," 220. Pinkerton (W.) on Cambridge and Ireland, 350. ---- fishermen's custom at Wardhouse, 281. ---- Land of Green Ginger, 606. ---- Megatherium Americanum, 109. ---- mysterious personage, 34. ---- nightingale epithets, 475. ---- "Pinece with a stink," 496. ---- poem attributed to Shelley, 183. Pistol (fire-arms), its earliest use, 7. 137. P. (J.) on marriage of cousins, 387. P. (J.) jun. on Lord Audley's attendants, 573. P. (J. R.) on arrow-mark, 440. ---- daughter pronounced dafter, 504. Planets, the discovery of, 601. Plantin Bibles in 1600, 537. Plants, wild, and their names, 35. 136. 207. Plat (Sir Hugh) noticed, 495. Players, an interpolation of the, 147. Plum, origin of the word, 65. 654. Ply on lens for negatives, 158. Poema del Cid, with glossary and notes, 367. 574. * Poems and songs in MS., 587. Polarised light, 409. 552. Politian, his epitaph at Florence, 537. * Politics, their influence on fashion, 515. * Poll tax in 1641, 340. Polonius on Ireland a bastinadoed elephant, 523. Pope and Cowper, 383. * Pope's Elegy on an unfortunate lady, 539. Popes, St. Malachy's prophecies on, 390. * Popham (Sir John) and Littlecott, 218. Porcpisee or porpoise, 208. Porridge, the Book of Common Prayer, so called, 486. Porter family, 364. 526. 576. Porter (liquor), early use of the word, 9. * Post-office about 1770, 8. ---- riddles for, 185. Potenger's unpublished letter, 53. Pots used by members of the Temple, 171. 256. 574. Pottery, Dutch, 183. * Poyntz (Gabriel), his arms, 440. P. (P.) on books chained in churches, 453. ---- ladies' arms borne in a lozenge, 329. 652. ---- point of etiquette, 527. ---- slow-worm superstition, 328. P. (P. P.) on consecrated roses, 38. Prayer Book, French translation, 343. 478. Prayer Books, early editions, 318. ---- pictorial editions, 446. ---- prior to 1662, 504. Prayer, occasional forms of, 535. * Presbyterian titles, 126. Pretenders, their births and deaths, 565. Price (R.) on Latin riddle in Aulus Gellius, 243. ---- proverbial expressions, 624. Prideaux (J.) on Wm. Cookworthy, 585. Prie dieu, ancient furniture, 101. 183. Printers' grammars, &c., 62. Proclamations, collection of, 528. * Property, the right of redeeming, 516. Prophet--Thomas Newans, 381. Proverbial expressions, change of meaning in, 464. 624. PROVERBS, definition of one, 243. 304. 523. ---- pictorial, 20. ---- quoted by Suetonius, 86. ---- weather, 218. * ---- wedding, 150. ---- _Miscellaneous_:-- As good as a play, 363. Dover Court; all speakers and no hearers, 9. Hauling over the coals, 125. 280. 524. Put a spoke in his wheel, 269. 351. 522. 576. Putting your foot into it, 77. 159. * Raining cats and dogs, 565. * The full moon brings fine weather, 79. * Vaut mieux avoir affaire, &c., 220. Tread on a worm and it will turn, 464. 624. When the maggot bites, 244. 304. 353. 526. Psalm cxxvii. 2., translation of, 387. 519. 641. P. (S. C.) on high and low Dutch, 413. P. (T.) on Staffordshire knot, 220. Pues or pews, its correct spelling, 127. Pugillus on Andrew Johnson, 589. Pullen (Rev. Josiah) noticed, 489. Pulpits of stone, 562. Pulteney (Sir John de) noticed, 263. Pumphrey (Wm.) on procuring black tints, 349. Pun, a pictorial one, 385. Punning devices, 270. 376. * ---- divine, 586. Pure, a peculiar use of the word, 125. 230. 352. P. ( W.) on "A mockery, a delusion, and a snare," 244. ---- Willingham boy, 305. P. (W. H.) on church temporalities, 412. ---- humming ale, 245. ---- Major André, 277.

Q.

Q. on Ashman's Park, 376. ---- etymology of awk, 602. ---- etymology of bad, 207. ---- belike, its etymology, 600. ---- enough, its pronunciation, 210. ---- lad and lass, their etymology, 210. ---- lowbell, its etymology, 208. ---- "mob" and "cash," 573. ---- Macbeth, a passage in, 217. ---- Naples and the Campagna Felice, 33. ---- perseverant, 44. ---- porc-pisee, its etymology, 208. ---- portrait of Sir A. Wingfield, 245. ---- quarrel, its etymology, 206. ---- scheltrum, its orthography, 206. ---- spur, its meaning, 209. ---- "spoke in his wheel," 576. ---- tenet, or tenent, 602. ---- unkid, its meaning, 604. ---- voiding knife, 232. ---- windfalls, 14. * Quadrille, its derivation, 441. Quæsitor on "The Whole Duty of Man," 564. Quarles and Pascal, 172. Quarrel, its derivation, 206. Quarter, as sparing life, its origin, 246. 353. * Queen at chess, 469. Questor on "the apple of the eye," 204. ---- discovery of planets, 601. ---- epitaph at Crayford, 363. QUOTATIONS:-- Alterius orbis Papa, 254. Amentium haud amantium, 19. 89. 136. A mockery, a delusion, and a snare, 244. 302. Antiquitas Sæculi Juventus Mundi, 502. 651. Aquæ in vinum conversæ, 242. A saint in crape, 102. 208. * Celsior exsurgens pluviis, &c., 220. * Chew the bitter cud of disappointment, 103. Could we with ink the ocean fill, 127. 180. 257. 422. 522. 648. Crowns have their compass, 376. * Cutting off the little heads of light, 56. Earth says to earth, &c., 110. 353. Firm was their faith, the ancient bands, 564. From the sublime to the ridiculous, 177. Homo unius libri, 440. 569. Horace, De Arte Poetica, 444. * in copy of the Pugna Porcorum, 151. In necessariis unitas, 197. 281. Inter cuncta micans, 230. Johnson's turgid style, 366. 526. * Latin quotations, 197. 281. 353. * Like one who wakes from pleasant sleep, 292. Limerick, Dublin, and Cork, 102. 257. Magna est veritas et prævalebit, 77. Man proposes, but God disposes, 411. 552. Mater ait natæ, &c., 160. Never ending, still beginning, 103. 162. Now the fierce bear, &c., 440. 577. Oh for a voice of that wild horn, 622. Pinece with a stink, 270. 350. 496. Pity is akin to love, 89. * Plus occidit gula, 292. Populus vult decipi, &c., 65. 522. Quem Deus vult perdere, 73. Qui facit per alium, 231. 422. Quid facies, facies Veneris, &c., 539. * Sad are the rose leaves, 197. Sat cito si sat bene, 18. 87. Scire ubi aliquid invenire posses, &c., 587. * Solamen miseris, &c., 272. * Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re, 586. * To know ourselves diseased, 219. * Too wise to err, too good to be unkind, 539. * Trail through the leaden sky, 494. Up, guards, and at 'em! 111. 184. 204. 275. Veni, vidi, vici, 400. Virgin wife and widowed maid, 56. 230. * We've parted for the longest time, 388. * What does not fade? 366. * When we survey yon circling orbs, 515. Wilderness of monkeys, 413.

R.

R. on Baskerville's burial, 423. ---- gloves at fairs, 136. R. (A. B.) on barnacles, 300. ---- Coleridge's Christabel, 111. ---- lines on the institution of the Garter, 182. ---- lines typifying Tyranny, 56. Radcliffe (J. N.) on Huggins and Muggins, 503. ---- moon superstitions, 322. Raffaelle's Sposalizio, 14. 574. Railway travelling foretold, 34. 65. Rainbow, odour from the, 158. Raleigh (Sir Walter) called "Our English Milo," 495. * ---- his descendants, 78. ---- his supposed scepticism, 267. Rapping no novelty, 512. 632. * Rathbane family, 493. Rathe, or early, 208. Ravilliac noticed, 219. 479. Rawlinson (Robert) on falsified gravestone at Stratford, 124. ---- meteorology of Shakspeare, 336. ---- Shakspeare emendations, 51. R. (C.) on history of the Nonjurors, 621. R. (C. I.) on "Could we with ink," &c., 180. ---- "Fag," or after-math, 229. ---- Garrick Street, May Fair, 411. ---- La Fête des Chaudrons, 57. ---- poetical tavern signs, 627. R. (C. T.) on "Amentium haud Amantium," 136. Reader on Norman of Winster, 302. ---- Sir Arthur Aston, 302. R. (E. B.) on mousehunt, 606. "Rebellious Prayer," a poem, 19. * Receipt or Recipe, 583. Rector on marriage service, 525. Red hair, 86. 522. Reed (Charles) on Haulf-Naked manor, 205. ---- palindromes, 520. ---- shoe thrown for luck, 377. Reformed faith temp. Hen. VIII., 135. R. (E. G.) on artificial drainage, 493. ---- "Could we with ink," &c., 522. ---- longevity, 255. ---- mardle, 577. ---- Northamptonshire folk lore, 216. ---- rowans, or rawins, 229. ---- strut-stowers, 233. Regium Donum, its origin, 517. R. (E. M.) on Mackey's Mythological Astronomy, 567. Rents of Assize, &c., 81. Reynolds' nephew, 102. 232. Reynolds' portrait of Baretti, 411. Reynolds (Sir Joshua), his baptism, 513. R. (F.) on female parish clerk, 475. R. (G. H.) on "Could we with ink," &c., 648. R. (G. M.) on Charles Fox and Gibbon, 312. R. (H. P. W.) on Sir Ralph Winwood, 272. Rhymes, designed false English, 249. 602. Rhymes on places, 305. 466. 615. Richard I., notices of, 72. Richard, King of the Romans, his arms, 265. 454. 653. Richard's Guide through France, 534. Richardson (John) on dog-whipping day in Hull, 409. ---- Land of Green Ginger, 227. Richmond in Yorkshire, vault at, 388. 573. Richmond (Margaret, Countess of), her arms, 84. Riddle in Aulus Gellius, 243. 322. Ridley (T. D.) on muggers, 305. ---- Pelasgi, 516. ---- quotation from Walter Scott, 376. Riggs (Romulus), an American name, 638. Riley (H. T.) on Abigail, 42. ---- angel-beast--cleek--longtriloo, 63. ---- bacon or beechen, 63. ---- burial in unconsecrated ground, 43. ---- dissimulate, its early use, 10. ---- Dover Court, 9. ---- Hans Krauwinckel, 63. ---- humbug, its etymology, 64. ---- "Marry come up!" 9. ---- mugger, 34. ---- pictorial proverbs, 20. ---- porter (liquor), early use of the word, 9. ---- rub-a-dub, 63. ---- Shakspeare's Tempest, passage in, 45. ---- Sir Heister Ryley, 9. ---- snail-eating, 34. Rimbault (Dr. E. F.) on Abp. Chicheley, 350. ---- Discovery of the Inquisition, 350. ---- groaning-board, 309. ---- Jacob Bobart, 344. ---- palace at Enfield, 352. ---- Sir John Vanbrugh, 352. ---- "When Orpheus went down," 397. Ring finger, 61. 574. Ring money, called Manillas, 278. * Rings formerly worn by ecclesiastics, 387. Rings, a chapter on, 416. Rix (S. W.) on Cromwell's portrait, 55. ---- hour-glass in pulpits, 83. 209. ---- parochial libraries, 62. R. (J.) on Les Lettres Juives, 541. ---- nursery rhymes, 452. R. (J. C.) on Christian names, 63. ---- Calvin's correspondence, 62. ---- Order of John of Jerusalem, 61. ---- ring finger, 61. R. (J. S.) on origin of Rundlestone, 317. R. (L. D.) on passage in Boerhaave, 602. R. (L. M. M.) on German phrase, 150. ---- mysterious personage, 113. ---- Pretenders' births and deaths, 565. ---- praying to the West, 102. R. (M. W.) on Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, 576. R. (N.) on the nursrow, 538. Roberts (Chris.) on Dr. Robert Cary, 79. ---- Harmony of the Four Gospels, 416. Robin Hood's festival, 622. Robson (W.) on aldress, 503. ---- crescent, its origin as a standard, 196. ---- interpolation of the players, 147. ---- Spanish play-bill, 336. * Roden's colt, 340. Rogers (Dr. John), his works, 172. Roman Catholic Bible Society, 494. Roman remains at Durham, 466. * Romanists confined in Ely, 79. Rome and the number six, 490. ---- epigrams on, 584. * Rondall (Rev. W.) noticed, 515. Rose (Samuel), his letter on Pope and Cowper, 383. Rosicrucians, 106. 175. * Rothwell family, 243. * Rounceval, Our Lady of, 340. * Royalty dining in public, two paintings of, 538. R. (R. I.) on rapping no novelty, 632. R. (R. J.) on divining-rod, 479. R. (S.) on Dr. John Taylor, 299. ---- passage in Milton, 249. ---- selling a wife, 209. Rub-a-dub, its early use, 63. * Rubens's MS. on painting, 539. Rubi on book inscriptions, 64. ---- poetical tavern signs, 568. ---- weather proverbs, 218. Rubrical query, 207. Ruby on ladies' arms borne in a lozenge, 653. * Rudd (Bp. Anthony), his monument, 9. Rufus on Waugh, Bishop of Carlisle, 271. Rulers of the world in 1853, 638. * Rundlestone, origin of the term, 317. Russell (Lord Wm.), his burial-place, 100. 179. Russian grammars, 561. Russians, their religion, 582. R. (W.) on authors' remuneration, 81. ---- burning for witchcraft, 470. R. (W. B.) on Kentish Town Assembly House, 293. * Ryley (Sir Heister), his Visions, 9.

S.