Part 25

FIG. PAGE 1-9. _Hydriomena deltoidata_ varieties 47 10. " _hemizona_ 48 11. " _rixata_ 49 12. " _purpurifera_ 49 13. " _callichlora_ 50 14. " _similata_ 50 15. " _arida_ 50 16. _Asaphodes siris_ [F] 55 17-19. " _megaspilata_ [M] varieties 55 19A, 20. " " [F] varieties 21. " _abrogata_ [M] 55 22. _Xanthorhoe rosearia_ [M] 57 23. " " [F] 24. " _orophylla_ [M] 58 25. " " [F] 26. " _semifissata_ [M] 59 27. " " [F] 28. " _chlamydota_ 59 29. " _stinaria_ [M] 60 30. " _præfectata_ [F] 60 31. " _clarata_ [M] 61 32. " " [F] 33. " _cataphracta_ [M] 61 34. " " [F] 35. " _beata_ [M] 63 36. " " [F] 37. " _ægrota_ [M] 64 38. " _lucidata_ [M] 64 39. " _mnesichola_ [M] 60 40. " _helias_ [F] 64 41. " _prasinias_ [F] 65 42. " _chionogramma_ [M] 65 43. " " [F] 44. " _chorica_ 66 45. " _obarata_ 66 46. " _limonodes_ [M] 57 47. " _lophogramma_ [M] 59 48. " " [F] 49. " _adonis_ [M] 63

PLATE VIII.

NOTODONTINA.

FIG. PAGE 1. _Xanthorhoe bulbulata_ [M] 68 2, 2A. " _cineraria_ varieties 67 3. _Notoreas insignis_ [M] 71 4-8. " _perornata_ varieties 72 9-11. " _mechanitis_ varieties 72 12-14. " _paradelpha_ varieties 72 15. " _strategica_ [F] 73 16. " _callicrena_ [F] 73 17. " _ferox_ [M] 74 18, 19. " _zopyra_ [M] varieties 74 20-23. " _brephos_ varieties 75 24. " _vulcanica_ 75 25. " _omichlias_ [M] 76 26. " _simplex_, n. sp. [F] 74 27. " _isoleuca_ [F] 72 28. _Dasyuris enysii_ [F] 69 29. " _anceps_ [M] 69 30. " _partheniata_ [M] 70 31. " " [F] 32. " _hectori_ [M] 70 33. _Lythria chrysopeda_ [M] 68 34. " " [F] 35. " _euclidiata_ 68 36. _Samana falcatella_ [F] 76 37. _Leptomeris rubraria_ [M] 77 38. " " [F] 39. _Dichromodes petrina_ 78 40. " _nigra_ 78 41. _Theoxena scissaria_ 79 42-47. _Epirranthis alectoraria_ varieties. (Larva, Plate III., fig. 24.) 80 48. " _hemipteraria_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 19.) 80 49. " " [F] 50. _Selidosema fenerata_ [M] 82 51. " " [F]

PLATE IX.

NOTODONTINA.

FIG. PAGE 1. _Selidosema rudiata_ [M] 82 2. " " [F] 3. " _suavis_ [M] 83 4. " " [F] 5. " _humillima_, n. sp. [M] 83 6-10. " _productata_ [M] varieties. (Larva, Plate III., fig. 22.) 84 11-14. " " [F] varieties 15. " _melinata_ [M] 85 16. " " [F] 17. " _aristarcha_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 17.) 85 18. " " [F] 19-22. " _dejectaria_ [M] varieties. (Larva, Plate III., fig. 12.) 86 23, 24. " " [F] varieties 25-28. " _panagrata_ [M] varieties 87 29, 30. " " [F] varieties 31. _Hybernia indocilis_ [M] 88 32. " " [F] 33, 34. _Chalastra pelurgata_ [M] varieties. (Larva, Plate III., fig. 21.) 88 35, 36. " " [F] varieties 37. _Sestra flexata_ [F] 90

PLATE X.

NOTODONTINA.

FIG. PAGE 1, 2. _Sestra humeraria_ varieties. (Larva, Plate III., fig. 20.) 89 3, 4. _Gonophylla nelsonaria_ [M] varieties 90 5, 6. " " [F] varieties 7-10. _Drepanodes muriferata_ [M] varieties 91 11, 12. " " [F] varieties 13-20. _Azelina gallaria_ [M] varieties 92 21-23. " " [F] varieties 24. " _fortinata_ [M] 93 25. " " [F] 26. " _ophiopa_ [M] 93 27. " " [M] variety 28. " " [F] 29, 31, 31A. _Ipana leptomera_ [M] varieties 94 30. " " [F] 32. _Declana griseata_, n. sp. 98 33. " _atronivea_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 18.) 95 34. " " [F] 35. " _egregia_ [M] 96 36. " _hermione_, n. sp. [M] 98 37. " _junctilinea_ [M] 98 38. " " [F] 39-43. " _floccosa_ [M] varieties 96 44-47. " " [F] varieties

PLATE XI.

PAPILIONINA.

FIG. PAGE 1. _Anosia erippus_ [F] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 3; Pupa, fig. 27.) 102 2. " " under side. 3, 4. _Argyrophenga antipodum_ [M] varieties. (Larva, Plate III., fig. 4; Pupa, fig. 29.) 110 5. " " [F] 6, 7. " " under sides. 8. _Erebia pluto_ [M] 114 9. " " [F] 10. " " under side. 11. _Erebia butleri_ [M] 115 12. " " [F] 13. " " under side. 14. _Dodonidia helmsi_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 5; Pupa, fig. 28.) 112 15. " " under side. 16. _Junonia velleda_ 109 17. " " under side.

PLATE XII.

PAPILIONINA.

FIG. PAGE 1. _Vanessa cardui_ 108 2. " " under side. 3. " _itea_ 107 4. " " under side. 5. " _gonerilla_. (Larva, Plate III., figs. 1 and 2; Pupa, figs. 31, 32.) 105 6. " " under side. 7. _Anosia bolina_ [M] 104 8. " " [F] 9. " " under side. 10. _Lycæna phoebe_ [M] 119 11. " " under side. 12. " _oxleyi_, under side. 119 13, 14. _Chrysophanus boldenarum_ [M] varieties 118 15. " " under side of [M] 16. " " [F] 17. " " under side of [F] 18. " _salustius_ [M] 116 19. " " [F] 20. " " under side 21. " " under side of variety (upper side, Plate XIII., fig. 2.) 22. " _enysii_ [M] 117 23. " " [F] 24. " " under side.

PLATE XIII.

NOTODONTINA, PAPILIONINA, PSYCHINA, AND MICROPTERYGINA.

NOTODONTINA.

FIG. PAGE 1. _Sphinx convolvuli._ (Larva, Plate III, figs. 13 and 14.) 99

PAPILIONINA.

2-5. Varieties of _Chrysophanus salustius_ 116

PSYCHINA.

6. _Oeceticus omnivorus_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., figs. 25, 26.) 123 7. _Orophora unicolor_ [M] 126

MICROPTERYGINA.

8. _Porina dinodes_ [M] 132 9. " _enysii_ [M] 133 10. " " [F] 11. " _characterifera_ [M] 133 12. " _cervinata_ [M] 133 13. " _despecta_ [M] 134 14. " _umbraculata_ [M] 134 15. " _signata_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 6.) 134 16. _Hepialus virescens_ [M] (Larva, Plate III., fig. 23; Pupa, fig. 30.) 129 17. " " [F] 18. _Porina cervinata_ [F] variety 133

Notes.

[1] This organ is termed the tongue by Mr. Meyrick. As many mandibulate insects possess a true tongue, and the proboscis of the _Lepidoptera_ is not homologous with the tongue, but with the maxillæ, I think the term is very misleading.

[2] For the examination of the wings taken from _dried_ specimens, I have found that immersion in methylated spirits renders the veins visible after _partial_ denudation with the camel's-hair brush. With recent specimens, however, the scales can easily be _entirely_ removed.

[3] I have found considerable difficulty and uncertainty in examining the neuration of undenuded specimens.

[4] Entom. xxvi. 220.

[5] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xxii. 218.

[6] 'British Moths,' 31.

[7] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xxii. 217.

[8] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xxii. 216.

[9] Ibid.

[10] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xix. 7.

[11] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xix. 10.

[12] _Leucania aulacias_, Meyr., is distinguished by having grey cilia to the hind-wings. The species was described from a single specimen taken at Dunedin and now in Mr. Fereday's collection. I have carefully examined this specimen, and find that the cilia, although considerably injured, are distinctly grey. As, however, I think it undesirable to characterize species so closely resembling each other from such meagre material, I here regard it as a synonym of _Leucania arotis_.

[13] Report of American Department of Agriculture, 1881, p. 93.

[14] Mr. Philpott informs me that the larva of _M. paracausta_ closely resembles that of _M. vitiosa_.

[15] This species has been recently named by Mr. Meyrick, but a description of it has not yet been published.

[16] The accurate ascertainment of the positions of the veins near the costa in this species is a matter of considerable difficulty owing to the extremely dense tuft of hairs there situated.

[17] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xix. 29.

[18] Newman's British Moths, 319.

[19] Meyrick, Trans. N. Z. Inst. xix. 33.

[20] Meyrick, Trans. N. Z. Inst. xix. 35.

[21] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xix. 35.

[22] Meyrick, 'Handbook of British Lepidoptera,' 159.

[23] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xi. 300.

[24] Ib. xix. 38.

[25] Since this was written I find that Mr. Meyrick has created a new genus, _Hyperaucha_, for the reception of this insect. See 'Transactions of the Entomological Society of London,' 1897, 383.

[26] N. Z. 'Journal of Science,' July, 1884.

[27] N. Z. 'Journal of Science,' July, 1884.

[28] A second specimen of this variety has since occurred in the neighbourhood of Nelson.

[29] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 60.

[30] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 60.

[31] N. Z. 'Journal of Science,' July, 1884.

[32] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 60.

[33] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xviii. 208.

[34] Ib. xvi. 71.

[35] Ib.

[36] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 78.

[37] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 82.

[38] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 83.

[39] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 86.

[40] In connection with these three species of _Notoreas_ I should here mention that I have a number of specimens in my collection which appear to me to establish a complete transition between _N. mechanitis_, _N. paradelpha_, and _N. perornata_. From a careful study of these specimens I am led to believe that these three forms are really only varieties of one very variable species. Mr. Meyrick does not at present share this opinion, but I am disposed to think that this is chiefly due to the comparatively limited number of specimens he has had the opportunity of examining. In any case I do not regard the question of the specific or varietal values of these, or indeed of any other forms, as matters of great scientific importance, being, to a great extent, merely matters of individual opinion.

[41] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 57.

[42] Mr. Meyrick now includes these three species in the genus _Gonophylla_. (_See_ Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1897, 387.)

[43] 'Trans. N. Z. Inst.' xxii. 214.

[44] 'Catalogue of N. Z. Butterflies,' p. 21.

[45] 'Trans. N. Z. Inst.' x. 265.

[46] 'Cat. N. Z. Butterflies,' p. 22.

[47] 'Trans. N. Z. Institute,' x. 463.

[48] Ibid. xviii. 205.

[49] Since writing the above, I have been informed by Mr. Kingsley that one male specimen of _A. bolina_ was taken at Wakapuaka, in 1896, and two others reported as seen at Collingwood and Nelson in March, 1897. Mr. A. P. Buller has also kindly informed me of the capture of a male specimen in perfect condition, at Ohau, Manawatu district, in March, 1898.

[50] See notes by Mr. Stainton in the Ent. Mo. Mag., xxv. pp. 225, 268.

[51] 'British Butterflies and Moths,' p. 103.

[52] 'Entomologist,' xxii. 37.

[53] 'Trans. N. Z. Inst.' xxviii. 312.

[54] 'Trans. N. Z. Inst.' xv. 197.

[55] Ent. Mon. Mag. iv. p. 53.

[56] 'Trans. N. Z. Inst.' ix. 460; x. 252.

[57] 'Trans. N.Z. Inst.,' vol. x. 259.

[58] 'Catalogue of N. Z. Butterflies,' 22.

[59] 'Catalogue of New Zealand Butterflies,' 18, 23, Pl. II., fig. 1.

[60] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 550.

[61] Stainton's 'British Butterflies and Moths,' 103, Pl. II., fig. 1.

[62] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 550.

[63] Stainton's 'British Butterflies and Moths,' 106.

[64] Trans. N. Z. Inst. xvi. 550.

[65] 'Catalogue of N.Z. Butterflies,' 17, 23. Pl. IV., figs. 3, 4.

[66] For further details on this subject see 'The Entomologist,' xiii. 245, and xviii. 159.

[67] 'Trans. N. Z. Inst.' x. (1877), 262.

[68] 'Entomologist,' xviii. 36.

[69] Since writing the above I understand from Mr. Baunehr that he has met with several specimens of this species in forest on the Dun Mountain, Nelson, at an elevation of about 2,000 feet.

End of Project Gutenberg's New Zealand Moths and Butterflies, by G. V. Hudson