CHAPTER X

A FORECAST OF THE FUTURE

From its small beginning in 1827, Negro Journalism has steadily grown in the United States. Today it stands as a definite factor in Negro life. In truth, the Negro press reflects the growing race consciousness of eleven million American citizens of African descent. The status of the Negro newspaper is fixed—it is here to stay. While daily newspapers may devote space to “News of Interest to Colored People;” yet they can never take the place of the newspapers which are published solely for the race group. The appeal of the Negro newspaper is direct and racial. In a manner similar to that of the rural press, the Negro paper has an unlimited field because of its personal relationship to its readers.

During the first half century of Negro Journalism, it is doubtful if any of the papers were financial successes; in truth, most of them were published as purely partisan or propagandists organs, and were supported through the contributions of sympathizers. Today Negro newspapers are conducted on business principles and pay reasonable returns to their investors.

Papers in the large cities have built up enormous subscription lists of bona fide, paid-up subscribers. Likewise, they carry a large amount of well-paying advertisements, and as a result of these sources of income they are able to give attractive remuneration to their publishers, editorial staff and business staff. No longer must the Negro journalist necessarily be an unpaid worker. Trained journalists can obtain respectable salaries and find as many openings as their fellow workers on metropolitan dailies and national weeklies and monthlies.

That the calibre of the work done on Negro publications will continue to improve is highly probable in view of the fact that every year an increasing number of trained young men and women are entering the field, and bringing with them burning enthusiasm and high professional ideals. The Courses in Journalism in the Negro colleges, also, will soon be having a telling effect on the future Negro journalist. Already a few of the twentieth century Negro youths are being attracted to the professional study of Journalism, preferring the possibilities of its virgin field to the overcrowded professions of law, teaching, medicine and theology.

The future of Negro Journalism is limited only by the zeal and conscientious effort which its workers bestir themselves to exert. A marvelous growth and success has been recorded within the past 95 years, but greater achievement is yet to be accomplished. Negro semi-weeklies, and eventually dailies in the larger cities, will undoubtedly be developed within the next decade. The size of many of the present weeklies will be increased of necessity. Better news stories and more real news will be the result of the successful functioning of such news syndicates as the Associated Negro Press.

The decreasing of illiteracy among the Negroes will continue to be carried forward by the Negro press, with a mutual benefit to the race and its publications. Higher standards of literacy will bring greater appreciation for reading and thereby create a stronger support for the Negro publisher.

In the immediate future, perhaps, the great field for development in Negro Journalism is in the South where the great mass of Negro population, despite the Northern immigration, resides. There Negro Journalism needs and will continue to need its best trained editors and managers. There it will need men of sound judgment and common sense; men of purpose and high professional ideals; men of broad sympathy and great patience.

PARTIAL LIST OF NEWSPAPERS PUBLISHED IN THE UNITED STATES

ALABAMA

The Birmingham Reporter Birmingham The Emancipator Montgomery The Mobile Forum Mobile The Mobile Advocate Mobile The Mobile Weekly Press Mobile The Negro Leader Uniontown The Times Plaindealer Birmingham The Voice of the People Birmingham The Voice of the Negro Dothan

ARKANSAS

Hot Springs Echo Hot Springs Arkansas Banner Little Rock The Appreciator-Union Fort Smith The Negro Advocate Fordyce The Interstate Reporter Helena The Opinion-Enterprise Marianna Western Review Little Rock White River Advocate Newport The School Herald Warren

ARIZONA

The Phoenix Tribune Phoenix

CALIFORNIA

The Eagle Los Angeles The Liberator Los Angeles The Citizens Advocate Los Angeles Oakland Sunshine Oakland The Western Outlook Oakland The New Age Los Angeles The Western Review Sacramento

COLORADO

Colorado Statesman Denver The Denver Advocate Colorado Springs The Rising Sun Pueblo

CONNECTICUT

Hartford Herald Hartford

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

The Washington Eagle Washington The Washington Bee Washington

FLORIDA

Florida Sentinel Jacksonville Labor Templar Jacksonville West Florida Bugle Marianna The Tampa Bulletin Tampa Metropolitan Tallahassee The Palatka Advocate Palatka The Colored Citizen Pensacola

GEORGIA

The Savannah Journal Savannah The Savannah Tribune Savannah The Americus Chronicle Americus The Athens Clipper Athens The Atlanta Post Atlanta The Atlanta Independent Atlanta Rome Enterprise Rome The Advocate Brunswick The Augusta News Augusta Supreme Circle News Albany

ILLINOIS

Inter-State Echo Danville The Broad Axe Chicago The Chicago Defender Chicago The Chicago Idea Chicago The Peoples Advocate Chicago The Searchlight Chicago The Whip Chicago The Forum Springfield The Weekly Star Mound City The Illinois Conservator Springfield Advance Citizens Springfield

INDIANA

The Indianapolis Freeman Indianapolis The Indianapolis Recorder Indianapolis The Indianapolis Ledger Indianapolis The Indianapolis World Indianapolis The Terre Haute Citizen Terre Haute National Defender and Sun Gary The Gary Dispatch Gary

IOWA

Iowa State Bystander Des Moines Buxton Gazette Buxton

KANSAS

The Topeka Plaindealer Topeka The Negro Star Wichita Wichita Protest Wichita The Coffeyville Globe Coffeyville Hutchinson Blade Hutchinson

KENTUCKY

The Kentucky Reporter Louisville The Columbian Herald Louisville The Louisville News Louisville Kentucky Home Finder Louisville Lexington Weekly News Lexington The Torchlight Danville Saturday News Hopkinsville The New Age Hopkinsville

LOUISIANA

The Advance Messenger Alexandria The News-Enterprise Shreveport The Watchman Shreveport

MARYLAND

The Afro-American Baltimore The Crusader Baltimore The Herald-Commonwealth Baltimore

MASSACHUSETTS

The Guardian Boston The Boston Chronicle Boston

MICHIGAN

The Michigan Age Ann Arbor The Detroit Leader Detroit

MINNESOTA

The National Advocate Minneapolis The Appeal St. Paul

MISSISSIPPI

The Cotton Farmer Scott The Delta Lighthouse Greenville The Natchez Weekly Herald Natchez The National Star Vicksburg The Star Columbus The Morning Star Columbus The Mississippi Monitor Meridan The Light Vicksburg The New Era Indianola The Weekly Times Hattiesburg The Weekly Reporter Natchez Central Mississippi Signal Kosciusko The Progressive Torchlight Greenwood The Advance Mound Bayou The National Defender Clarksdale The Informer Gulfport The National News Digest Mound Bayou

MISSOURI

The St. Louis Independent-Clarion St. Louis The St. Louis Argus St. Louis The Anchor Caruthersville The Missouri State Register Hannibal Kansas City Sun Kansas City The National Mirror Kansas City The Western Messenger Jefferson City The St. Louis Independent News St. Louis

NEBRASKA

The Monitor Omaha

NEW JERSEY

The Eastern Observer Montclair The Echo Red Bank The Atlantic Advocate Atlantic City The New Jersey Informer Newark

NEW YORK

The New York News New York City The Amsterdam News New York City The New York Age New York City The Negro World New York City The Commoner New York City

NORTH CAROLINA

The Gate City Argus Greensboro High Point Colored American High Point The Charlotte Advertiser Charlotte The Voice Rocky Mount The Raleigh Independent Raleigh The Home News Wilmington The Gazette Charlotte Signs of the Times Elizabeth City The Winston-Salem News Winston-Salem

OHIO

The Dayton Forum Dayton The Cleveland Gazette Cleveland The Cleveland Advocate Cleveland The Union Cincinnati The Cincinnati Journal Cincinnati

OKLAHOMA

The Boley Progress Boley The Oklahoma Guide Guthrie The Muskogee Scimetar Muskogee Rentiesville News Rentiesville Clearview Patriarch Clearview The Tulsa Star Tulsa The Oklahoma Sun Tulsa The Black Dispatch Oklahoma City

OREGON

The Advocate Portland

PENNSYLVANIA

The Advocate Verdict Harrisburgh The Philadelphia Courant Philadelphia The Philadelphia Tribune Philadelphia The Philadelphia American Philadelphia The Public Journal Philadelphia The Pittsburgh Courier Pittsburgh The Pittsburgh American Pittsburgh The Advocate Wilkes-Barre

RHODE ISLAND

The Advance Providence

SOUTH CAROLINA

The Charleston Messenger Charleston The New Era Charleston The Allendale Advocate Allendale The Southern Indicator Columbia The Informer Columbia The Light Columbia The Plowman Columbia The Negro Chronicle Greenville The People’s Recorder Orangeburg The Rockhill Messenger Rockhill

TENNESSEE

Bluff City News Memphis East Tennessee News Knoxville Chattanooga Defender Chattanooga Memphis Times Memphis The Western World Reporter Memphis The Nashville Globe Nashville The Nashville Clarion Nashville

TEXAS

Texas Guide Victoria The Victoria Guard Victoria The Calvert Bugle Calvert The City Times Galveston The Galveston New Idea Galveston The Dallas Express Dallas The Industrial Era Beaumont The Herald Austin The Watchman Austin The Houston Informer Houston The Houston Observer Houston The Texas Freeman Houston The Western Star Houston The Houston Informer Houston Independence Heights Record Houston The San Antonio Inquirer San Antonio The Gem City Bulletin Denison The Conservative Counselor Waco Fort Worth Hornet Fort Worth

VIRGINIA

The Charlottesville Messenger Charlottesville The Colored Virginian Petersburg The Weekly Review Petersburg The Richmond Planet Richmond The Virginia Headlight Charlottesville The Virginia Advocate Roanoke The Star Newport News The Journal and Guide Norfolk

WASHINGTON

The Seattle Searchlight Seattle

WEST VIRGINIA

The Advocate Charleston The Mountain Leader Charleston The Charleston Observer Charleston The Pioneer Press Martinsburg

WISCONSIN

The Wisconsin Weekly Blade Madison

_This advertisement composed entirely on the LINOTYPE_

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We represent at the present time in the advertising field, practically every paper of consequence reaching the Colored people of the United States.

We are pleased to extend our most cordial greetings to our newspaper friends and will continue to extend the same reliable service in the future, we have given in the past.

W. B. ZIFF CO. Per E. C. Auld, General Mgr.

Transportation Bldg., Morton Bldg. Bryant Bldg. Chicago, Ill. New York, N. Y. Kansas City, Mo.

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DePauw University

Greencastle, Indiana

OFFERS

COURSES IN—

Introduction to Writing News Writing News Editing Editorial Writing Feature Writing Advertising Writing History of American Journalism Country Weekly Also Business English

Write for Bulletin

DIRECTOR COURSE IN JOURNALISM

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HOWARD UNIVERSITY

WASHINGTON, D. C.

Founded by GENERAL O. O. HOWARD J. STANLEY DURKEE, A. M., Ph. D., D. D., President EMMETT J. SCOTT, A. M., LL. D., Secretary-Treasurer

COLLEGIATE AND PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS

=Junior College=, covering the Freshman and Sophomore years and leading to the Senior Schools.

=Senior Schools=, consisting of the Schools of Liberal Arts, Education, Journalism, and Commerce and Finance, granting respectively the degrees, A. B., or B. S., A. B. or B. S. in Education; B. S. in Journalism; B. S. in Commerce and Finance.

=School of Applied Science=, four year course, granting the degree, B. S. in Civil Engineering, B. S. in Electrical Engineering, B. S. in Mechanical Engineering, B. S. in Architecture, B. S. in Agriculture, and B. S. in Household Economics.

=Evening Classes=. The work of the Junior College and the Senior Schools may be taken in evening classes with full credit.

=School of Music=, four year course, granting the degree of Mus. B.

=School of Religion=, three year course, granting the degrees of B. D. and Th. B. Courses are offered also by correspondence.

=School of Law=, three year course, granting the degree of LL. B.

=School of Medicine=, including Medical, Dental, Pharmaceutical Colleges. Four year courses for Medical and Dental students; three year course for Pharmaceutical students. Following degrees granted: M. D., D. D. S., Phar. C.

=Students may enter for collegiate work at the beginning of any quarter.=

REGISTRATION

Autumn Quarter Sept. 29, 30, 1922 Winter Quarter Jan. 2, 1923 Spring Quarter March 17, 1923

FOR CATALOG AND INFORMATION WRITE

F. D. WILKINSON, Registrar HOWARD UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON, D. C.