Part 13

According to the opinion of all architects and mathematicians, this mosque is situated in the centre of the triangle of Islámból. It ranks as the sixth imperial mosque, and was built by Suleimán Khán for his favourite son Mohammed, who died at Magnesia, and was buried here. Its cupola is an elegant piece of workmanship, and though not so large as that of the Suleïmániyyeh, it rears its head majestically into the skies: it is supported by rectangular pillars and four semi-domes. The mihráb and minber are both of exquisite workmanship. The mahfil is supported by eight columns, and on its left is the Sultán’s mahfil, also supported by columns. This mosque has no large columns, but is adorned with a double row of lamps amounting to eight thousand. It is lighted by windows on every side, and has three gates, over one of which, that opposite to the mihráb, is placed the chronogram: “The place of prayer for the Prophet’s people, 955” (A.D. 1548), in which year the foundation was laid. This also is of Sinán’s architecture. It was commenced on the 1st of Rabi’-ul-avul, 955 (10th April 1548), and was finished in the month of Rajab, 965 (April 1558). It cost 15,000,000 aspres. Facing the mihráb, in a most delightful garden beneath a lofty cupola, is the tomb of Prince Mohammed, and beneath another, that of his brother Jehángír, who died at Halep (Aleppo), and was buried in this place. The court is adorned with numerous columns, and in the centre there is a fountain, beneath a cupola supported by eight columns, which was built by Murád IV. The two minarets, with their double galleries, have not their equal in Islámból, Edreneh, or Brusa, for ornaments and sculptures. The lead-covered roof is a piece of art likewise well worthy of admiration. On three sides it is surrounded by a large plain planted with trees, underneath one of which, on the left-hand side of the mosque, is buried the Sheikh, Ali Tabl, who was drummer in Iyyúbs expedition against Islámból. Round this large court stand the college, refectory, and hospital for strangers (Tav-khaneh); it has neither a bath nor a common hospital.

The mosque at Fundukli, dedicated to the memory of the prince Jehángír, was also built by Suleimán. But this shall be described in its proper place.

_Description of the Mosque of the Valideh._

This mosque, which is commonly called Khasseki-evret (the favourite of the women), and is situated near the Evret-bazar, is not so large as other mosques, and has only one mináreh. It has a common kitchen, a refectory, a hospital, a college, and a school for children.

_Description of the Mosque of Mehr-máh Sultáneh._

It is a lofty mosque within the Adrianople-gate, and was built by Sultán Suleimán Khán for his daughter Mehr-máh. Its mihráb, minber, and mahfil, are remarkably neat; but there is no royal mahfil. It is surrounded by the apartments of the college, a bath and a market. There is neither refectory nor hospital.

In short, Sultán Suleimán Khán, during a reign of forty-eight years, established order and justice in his dominions; marched victoriously through the seven quarters of the globe, embellished all the countries which were vanquished by his arms, and was successful in all his undertakings; because, mindful of the sacred text, “Take advice in your affairs,” he always consulted with his Ulemá.

The Vezirs during his reign were:—

Pír Mohammed Pasha, who was confirmed in his office on the accession of the Sultán.

Ibrahim Pasha, who was educated in the imperial harem, built the seven towers at Cairo, and hanged Ahmed Pasha, the rebellious governor of that city.

Ayás Pasha, a native of Albania, but brought up in the harem.

Lutfí Pasha, also brought up in the harem. He had the Sultán’s sister given him in marriage, but was dismissed from office for speaking against a woman who was related to his wife.

Suleimán Pasha, a white eunuch, who took Dív-abád, Ahmed-abád, and several other fortresses from the Portuguese, and gave them to the Raï of India. He also conquered ’Aden, in Yemen (Arabia), and Habesh (Abyssinia), assisted by Oz-demir-beg.

Rustam Pasha, a Khiroad (Croatian) by birth, and an Aristotle in wisdom.

Ahmed Pasha, a judicious, brave, and accomplished minister. He began by being Chamberlain in the Serai, and was gradually promoted to the office of Aghá of the Janissaries, Governor of Rumeïli, and Grand Vezir. He once conducted a night attack against Sháh Tahmas of Persia, and conquered Temesvar.

Kalen Ali Pasha, a native of the village of Parcha, in Hersek (Herzegovina). He was first Chamberlain, then Aghá of the Janissaries, Governor of Egypt, and Grand Vezir. He was a very corpulent man.

So-kolli Khojeh, Ali Pasha, a native of the village Sokol, now called Shahín, in Bosnia, having held various inferior offices, was raised to that of Vezir, which he held for forty years under three monarchs.

The Vezirs of the _kubbeh_ (cupola) who did not attain the rank of Grand Vezir were:—Mustafa Pasha, the Bosnian; Ferhád Pasha, the Albanian; Khaïn Ahmed Pasha, a rebellious Albanian who was hanged at Cairo; Gózlujeh Kásím Pasha, who conquered Anabóli (Napoli), in the Morea, and built the mosque bearing his name opposite Islámból; Hájí Mohammed Pasha, poisoned at Bodin (Buda) by a Jew who boasted that he had poisoned no less than forty Moslems; Khosru Pasha, the brother of Khojeh Lála Mustafa Pasha; Khádem Ibrahím Pasha, a man of a brave and generous disposition, who built the mosque bearing his name within the Silivrí-gate; Khádem Heider Pasha, who was chief of the white eunuchs in the harem, but was dismissed on suspicion of having been accessory to the murder of the Prince Mustafa: he was an eloquent and learned man, and died Governor of Hersek (Herzegovina); Balak Mustafa Pasha, a Bosnian, Balak, in the Albanian language, signifying ‘old’: he was Governor of Egypt and Capudan of the fleet, and was buried at Iyyúb; Dámád Ferhád Pasha,—he was brother-in-law of Prince Mohammed, and was an excellent calligrapher: a copy of the Korán of his penmanship may even now be seen at the mausoleum of Sultán Báyazíd; Mustafa Pasha, who was descended from Khaled, son of Valíd, and younger brother of Shemsi Pasha: he was educated in the imperial harem, made Chakirji-bashi, commanded the expedition against Malta when Governor of Rumeïli, died on the pilgrimage to Mecca, and was buried by my father.

_Begler-begs in the reign of Sultán Suleimán._

Behram Pasha; Davúd Pasha, who died Governor of Egypt; Oveis Pasha, Governor of Shám (Damascus); Dukakin Zádeh Gházi Mohammed Pasha, Governor of Egypt; Oveis Pasha, Governor of Yemen (Arabia), he quaffed the cup of martyrdom at the hand of Pehlevan Hassan, the robber; Oz-demir Pasha, a relation of Ghori, the last Sultán of Egypt, a Circassian by birth, and Conqueror of Habush (Abyssinia); Gházi Omer Pasha, who built a mosque and imaret at Belgrade; Gházi Kásim Pasha, who when Suleimán raised the siege of Pech (Vienna), headed the party which made an excursion into Germany, and came round by Venedik (Venice) to Essek with only three hundred men, the others having fallen martyrs in the expedition: I visited many of their tombs in different places in Germany; Gozlujeh Rustam Pasha, Aga of the Janissaries, and afterwards Governor of Bodin (Buda); Suleimán Pasha, educated in the harem: he died at Astúli (Stuhlweissenburg), of which he was Governor, and was buried before its gate; Othmán Pasha, a Circassian, educated in the Seraï, who was rewarded with the government of Rumeïli for a night attack upon the Persian camp at Nakhchéván; Gházi Hassan Pasha, who was in Arabia and Abyssinia, whence he went to Temeswar, of which he was made Governor; Solak Ferhád Pasha, Governor of Baghdád, where he died; Baltaji Mohammed Pasha, a Bosnian, who was dismissed from the governorship of Baghdád, and died at Islámból; Harem Pasha, a Bosnian; Pír Pasha, of the family of Ramezan; Kobad Pasha, step-brother of the preceding; Músá Pasha, of the family of Isfendiyár,—he was Governor of Erzerúm, and died in the war against the Georgian infidels; Khádem Ali Pasha, who died whilst Governor of Cairo; Arslan Pasha, the son of Sokolli Mohammed Pasha: he built the powder-magazine at Bódin (Buda), and was executed on suspicion of having given up Tátá and Pápá to the infidels; Ayás Pasha, brother of the Grand Vezir, Sinán Pasha: he was beheaded; Behrám Pasha, Governor of Baghdád; Jenáblí Ahmed Pasha, who was twenty years Governor of Anatóli, and built a mulevi (convent) and bath at Angora; Olama Pasha, who was taken prisoner by the Persians, amongst whom he became a Khán, but afterwards deserted them, and returning to Rumeïli obtained the Sanják of Lippova, where he was killed, after having sustained a siege of forty days. Yorksa Pasha, educated in the harem; Shemsí Pasha, of the family of Kuzil Ahmedli, and brother of the Vezir Mustafa Pasha: he was the confidential minister of three Sultáns; Hájí Ahmed Pasha, of the same family; Damád Hassan Pasha, the Sultan’s brother-in-law: he was sent as Ambassador to Persia on account of the flight of the Prince Báyazíd, and suffered martyrdom at Sivás: I have visited his tomb; Iskender Pasha, first Bóstánjí báshí, and then Governor of Anatoli; Cherkess Iskender Pasha, for fifteen years Governor of Díárbekr, where he died; Temerrúd Ali Pasha, a native of Bosnia; Kara Mustafa Pasha, he was taken from the chamber of pages; Khizr Pasha, a man of dignified manners, who was educated in the harem; Kara Murád Pasha; Sufi Ali Pasha, who died at Cairo, of which he was Governor; Gulábí Pasha, a man who loved retirement, and conversed much with my father; it was he who related the anecdote of himself, already mentioned in the Description of the Mosque of Ayá Sófiyah: he was indeed a holy man; Mohammed Khán Pasha, who was of the family of Zulkadr, and went over to Sháh Ismaïl, but returning to the Ottomans, was made Governor of Rumeïli and Anatoli, and was distinguished with the title of Jenáb (Excellency).

_Capudán Pashas of the Reign of Suleïmán._

Sinán Pasha, from the harem, a great tyrant.

Khairu-d-din Pasha (Barbarossa), born at Medelli (Mitylene), and created Capudán in the year 940 (A.D. 1533). He died A.H. 970 (A.D. 1562), and was buried at Beshiktásh.

Saleh Pasha, a native of Kaz-tagh (Mount Ida), was Pasha of Algiers; and, like his predecessor, a most active Admiral.

Yahia Pasha, Grand Admiral, and died Pasha of Algiers.

Torghúd Pasha, who suffered martyrdom at the siege of Malta.

Mohammed Pasha, who was Pasha of Egypt, and, like Khairu-d-din, extended his devastations even to the islands of Ingleterra (England).

_Defterdárs and Nishánjis of the Reign of Sultán Suleïmán._

Defterdár Iskender Chelebi; Hyder Chelebi, of Gallipoli; Lufti Beg, of the harem; Abulfazl Efendí; Abdi Chelebi, son of Jevizádeh’; Mustafa Chelebi, who, though afflicted with palsy, continued to attend the Diván, because he was an excellent penman; Mohammed Chelebi, who was also called Egri Abdi Zádeh; Ibrahím Chelebi, who was the chief Defterdár; Hasan Chelebi; Murád Chelebi, Jemáli Zádeh Mustafa Chelebi, who in his prose and poetical compositions assumed the name of Nisháni: he is the author of an historical work, entitled “Tabakátu-l-mamálek,” and a statistical one, called “Kanún Námeh;” Ramazán Zádeh Mohammed Chelebi, who was Nishánji, and author of a small historical work.

_Begs of Sultán Suleïmán’s Reign._

Kochek Báli Beg, son of the Grand Vezir, Yahia; Khosrú Beg, descended from the daughter of Sultán Báyazíd: he built at Seráï, a mosque, a khán, a bath, an imáret, a college, and a school, and achieved some thousands of victories; Kara Othmán Sháh Beg, son of Kara Mustafa Beg by the sister of Sultán Suleïmán: he built at Tarkhaleh a wonderful mosque with a college and an imaret; Ali Beg Ibn Malkoch Beg, who rendered himself famous in Croatia; Núbehar Zádeh, who was a disciple of Jelál Zádeh, and was afterwards made Defterdár; Cherkess Kassim Beg, who was Governor of Kaffa, in the Crimea, but afterwards went on an expedition to Azhderhán (Astrachan) through the desert; Hájí Beg, who, as Governor of Nablús, kept down the Arabs; Kurd Beg; Ján-búlád Beg, of an illustrious Kurd family; Husein Beg, who was distinguished with the title Jenáb (Excellency).

_Some of the Illustrious Divines of the Reign of Sultán Suleïmán._

Khairu-d-din Efendí, his Majesty’s Khojah; Seidi Chelebi, of Kastemúni; Sheikh Mohammed Jiví-zádeh; Mollah Sheikh Mohammed Ben Kotbu-d-din; Mollah Mohammed Ben Ahmed Ben ’Adíl-pasha, an excellent historian and a good Persian poet; Mollah Abdul-fattáh Ebn Ahmed ’Adíl Pasha, a native of Berdá, in Persia, and an amiable and intelligent man; Sheikh Mohammed, of Tunis, an excellent reader of the Korán, the whole of which he knew by heart; Zehíru-d-din, who came from Tabríz, and was hanged at Cairo with the traitor Ahmed Pasha; Mollah Mohammed, a pupil of Kemál Pasha-zádeh; Mevlená Yakúb, commonly called Ajéh Khaliféh, professor at Magnesia, where he died, A.H. 969 (A.D. 1562); ’Ala’ud-dín Jemáli, Sheikhu-l-Islám (_i.e._ Grand Mufti), which office he held also under Sultan Selím I.; the Sheikhu-l-Islám Kemál Pasha-zadéh Ahmed, who was Kázi-asker of Egypt under Selím I., and is celebrated for his literary productions; the Sheikhu-l-Islam Abú-u-ssaod Efendí, who wrote nearly a thousand treatises, and whose Commentary on the Korán is highly valued: a volume might be written in his praise; Mevlena-Mohíu-d-dín Arab-zédeh, who was drowned on his passage to Egypt; Mevlena Ali, who wrote the Humáyiún Námeh (the Turkish translation of Pilpay’s Fables); he was buried at Brusá.

_The Kanún-námeh or Statistical Code of the Empire, drawn up by Sultán Suleïmán._

Section I.

The Province of Rúmeïli contains 24 Sanjaks, 1,227 Ziámets, 12,377 Timárs.

Bodin 17 Sanjaks, 278 Ziámets, 2,391 Timárs. Ozi (Oczakov), 6 ditto 188 ditto 1,186 ditto Bosnia, 7 ditto 150 ditto 1,792 ditto Temesvar 6 ditto 190 ditto 1,090 ditto Archipelago 15 ditto 73 ditto 1,884 ditto Egra 9 ditto 1,081 ditto 4,000 ditto —— 7 ditto 77 ditto 2,007 ditto Kaffa 9 ditto (It has neither Ziámets nor Timárs). Morea 5 ditto, but no Ziámets or Timárs. Varadin 5 ditto.

Ardil (Transylvania) pays an annual tribute of 3,000 purses; as do also Aflák (Wallachia), and Bóghdán (Moldavia). The Crimea has no Ziámets or Timárs, but is governed by Kháns. Rodós (Rhodes) has five Sanjaks; Kubrus (Cyprus) seven, and Candia thirteen Sanjaks; making, in all, 167 Sanjaks, 3,306 Ziámets, and 37,379 Timárs.

Anatóli has 14 Sanjaks, 399 Ziámets, 5,589 Timárs. Karman 7 ditto 68 ditto 2,211 ditto —— 7 ditto 108 ditto 3,699 ditto Miráish 4 ditto 29 ditto 215 ditto Shám (Damascus), 2 ditto 138 ditto 1,865 ditto Trabalós 4 ditto 63 ditto 571 ditto Seida (Sidon) 4 ditto 94 ditto 995 ditto Halep (Aleppo), has 5 Sanjaks, 99 Ziámets, 833 Timárs. Adna 5 ditto 43 ditto 1,659 ditto Roha 2 ditto 4 ditto 6,026 ditto Díárbekr 12 ditto 926 ditto 926 ditto Erzerúm 9 ditto 133 ditto 5,159 ditto Trebizonde 2 ditto 56 ditto 398 ditto Gurjístán (Georgia) has no Sanjaks, Ziámets, or Timárs. Kars 6 Sanjaks, 1 Ziámet, 1,363 Timárs Jíldir 13 ditto 49 ditto 689 ditto Ván 24 ditto 46 ditto 2,695 ditto Mosúl 3 ditto 66 ditto 1,004 ditto Sheherzúl 21 ditto 15 ditto 806 ditto

Baghdád has no ziámet or timár, but is held on an annual lease, as are also Basrah and Lahsa: Yemen is governed by an Imám; Habesh (Abyssinia) is subject to a tributary Sultán; Mesr (Egypt), Jezáïr (Algiers), Tunis and Trabalos (Tripoli), are held by annual leases. There are in all 151 sanjaks, 1,571 ziámets, 41,286 timárs.

All the land of the Ottoman empire is divided into three parts: the khás humáyún, or crown lands; the lands given to the vezírs and begler-begs; and the lands divided into ziámets and timárs.

Section II.

_The Khás, or Revenues of the Begler-begs._

Rumeïli, 1,100,000 aspres; Anadolí, 1,000,000; Karamán, 60,671; Shám (Damascus), 1,000,000; Sivás, 900,000; Erzerúm, 1,214,600; Díárbekr, 1,200,600; Ván, 1,132,200; Búdín (Bude), 880,000; the islands of the Archipelago, 885,000; Haleb (Aleppo), 817,760; Mera’ish, 628,450; Bosna, 650,000; Temiswár, 806,790; Kars, 827,170; Jíldir, 925,000; Tarab-afzún (Trebizonde), 734,850; Rika, 681,056; Mosúl, 682,000; Sheherzúl, 1,100,000; Trabalós Shám (Tripoli in Syria), 786,000; Ozí (Oczakov), 988,000; Krím (Crimea), 12,000,000; Kaffa, the revenues of this province are derived from the custom-house; the Páshá receiving 679,000 aspres; Egra (Erla), 800,080; Kanisa, 746,060; the Morea, 656,000; Baghdád, 1,200,200; Basrah, 1,000,000; Lahsa, 888,000; Habesh (Abyssinia), 1,000,080; Egypt, 487 purses of Egypt; the revenues of Tunis, Algiers, Tripoli, Cyprus, and Rhodes, which belong to the Capúdán Páshás, amount to 1,200,700 aspres; Candia yielded 11,990 aspres: this island has since then been entirely conquered, but during the reign of Suleïmán it was allotted with that small sum. According to the constitutional laws of Suleïmán, the gradation of the revenues of the governors followed the chronological order of the conquest; thus the páshás of the provinces first conquered had greater revenues than those conquered at a later period; and the old vezírs at that time received an additional sanjak, under the name of Arpalík (barley-money); thus the sanjak of Adna was given to old Mahmúd Páshá with a revenue of 116,000 aspres. According to the Kánún, the Sultan of Egypt has the privilege of wearing two aigrettes, and the Vezír of Abyssinia is allowed to have two royal tents. The precedence of the vezírs at public festivals, divans, &c. is as follows: The Vezír of Egypt, of Baghdád, Abyssinia, Buda, Anatolí, Mera’ish, and the Kapúdán-Páshá, if the scene is in Anadolí (Asia); but if in Rumeïlí (Europe) it is as follows: the Vezír of Buda, Egypt, Abyssinia, Baghdád, Rumeïlí, and then the other governors according to the chronological order of the conquest. For every 500 aspres of revenue one armed man is to be provided for the field.

Section III.

_Names of the Sanjaks of each Province._

Rumeïli has two Defterdárs, one of the treasury-office (mál), and of the feudal tenures (tímár) a Kehiyá of Chávushes, an inspector of the Defter (rolls), a Kehiyá of the Defter; an Aláï-beg (colonel of the feudal militia); a Cherí-báshí (lieutenant-colonel); a Voinók-ághá, and seven Yúrúk-begs. The twenty-four sanjaks are: 1. Sofia, the residence of the Páshá. 2. Kústendíl. 3. Skutari. 4. Terkhaleh. 5. Ukhrí. 6. Avlona. 7. Delvina. 8. Yánína. 9. Elbessán. 10. Chermen. 11. Saloník. 12. Askúb (Scopi). 13. Dúkágín. 14. Vídín. 15. Alájeh Hisár. 16. Perzerín. 17. Vejterín. 18. Silistria. 19. Nicopolis. 20. Kirk-kílseh. 21. Bender. 22. Ak-kermán. 23. Ozí (Oczakov). 24. Kílbúrún.

_Sanjaks of the Province of Anádólí._

There is a Kehiyá, an Emín (inspector), and Muhásibjí (comptroller of the defter or rolls), an Emín and Kehiyá of the Chávushes, a colonel and captain of the feudal militia, four Begs called Musellim, and eleven Yáyá Begs. 1. Kútáhieh. 2. Saríkhán. 3. Aïdía. 4. Kastamúni. 5. Bólí. 6. Munteshá. 7. Angora. 8. Kara-hisár. 9. Tekkeh. 10. Hamid-sultán. 11. Ogí-karasí.

_Sanjaks of the Province of Karamán._

This province has a Defterdár of the treasury, and of the feuds, an Emín of the Defter and of the Chávushes; a Kehiyá of the Defter and of the Chávushes; an Aláï-beg (colonel), and Cherí-báshí (captain). 1. Konia, the residence of the Páshá. 2. Kaiserieh (Cæsarea). 3. Níkdeh. 4. Yení-sheherí. 5. Kír-sheherí. 6. Ak-seráï.

_Sanjaks of Sívás._

The Defter (treasury) has a Kehiyá, and Emín, the Chávushes have the same; there is besides a captain and Defterdár of the feuds. 1. Sívás, the seat of the Páshá. 2. Deverbegi. 3. Khúrúm. 4. Keskín. 5. Búzouk. 6. Amasia. 7. Tokát. 8. Zíla. 9. Janík. 10. Arab-gír.

_Sanjaks of Bosna._

The officers are, the Defterdár of the treasury, the Kehiyá and Emín of the rolls; the Kehiyá and Emín of the Chávushes, the Aláï-beg and the Cherí-báshí. 1. Seráï, the seat of the Páshá. 2. Hersek. 3. Kilís. 4. Zvorník. 5. Poshega. 6. Záchina. 7. Kírka. 8. Ráhovícha. 9. Banalúka.

_The Province of the Capúdán Páshá._

The officers are, the Kehiyá and Emín of the Defter and Chávushes, the Aláï-beg and Cherí-báshí, the Aghás of the Arabs, and the Dáïs of the Yúz-báshís. 1. Gallipoli, the seat of the Pasha. 2. Aghribúz (Negropont). 3. Karlí-eilí (Acarnania). 4. Ainabakht (Naupaktus or Lepanto). 5. Rodós (Rhodes). 6. Mytylini. 7. Kójá-eilí. 8. Bíghá. 9. Izmit (Nicomedia). 10. Izmír (Smyrna).

_Sanjaks of the Morea._

Here there is neither Kehiyá nor Emín of the Defter. The Sanjaks are: 1. Misistra. 2. Mania. 3. Corone; Ayá Maura. 4. Napoli di Romania. The sanjaks Sákiz (Chios), Naksha (Naxos), and Mahdia (in Africa), have recently been added to the government of the Capudán-páshá.

_Sanjaks of Búdín (Bude)._

The number of officers attached to each province in this district is complete, because it always has a grand diván. They are: 1. The Defterdár of the treasury. 2. The defterdár of the Tímárs or feuds. 3. The Kehiyá or deputy of the defter. 4. The Kehiyá of the Chávushes. 5. The Emín or inspector of the defter. 6. The Emín of the Chávushes. 7. The Aláï Beg, or colonel. 8. The Cherí-báshí or lieutenant-colonel of the feudal militia. 9. The Pashá who resides at Bude. The Sanjaks are: 1. Bude. 2. Segdin. 3. Sonluk. 4. Hetwán. 5. Sihún. 6. Germán. 7. Filek. 8. Erla.

_Sanjaks of the Province of Kaniza._

This province was separated from the principality of Bude, and there is no Defterdár either of the treasury or of the feudal militia. The sanjaks are: 1. Siget. 2. Kopán. 3. Valiova, 4. Sokolofja.

_Sanjaks of Uivár (Neuhausel)._

This province was conquered only in the time of Mohammed IV., by Kopreïlí Zádeh Ahmed Páshá. It is a well cultivated district. The sanjaks are: 1. Litova. 2. Novígrád. 3. Húlichk. 4. Boyák. 5. Shaswár.

_The Province of Temiswar._

Here the usual offices were established during the reign of Mohammed IV., at the time of its second conquest by Kopreïlí Ahmed Páshá. The fortress of Yanova was then the seat of the Páshá. The sanjaks are: 1. Lipova. 2. Kíánad. 3. Jíulei. 4. Mode. 5. Lugos. 6. Facias Arad. 7. Five churches, the wakf (or pious bequest) of Sokollí Mohammed Páshá.

_The Province of Varasdin._

This province was conquered by Kozí Alí Páshá in the time of Mohammed IV. Sanjaks: 1. Slanta. 2. Debrechin. 3. Khalmas. 4. Seus Giorgi. The inhabitants of this country being all infidels, the tribute is collected by Hungarian chiefs who forward it to Constantinople.

_Transylvania._

This principality was conquered during the reign of Sultan Mohammed IV. by the arms of the brave Seïdí Ahmed Páshá; and Michael Apasty was made viceroy on condition that he should pay an annual tribute of one thousand purses besides certain presents. The population is composed of native Transylvanians, of Siklev, and of Saxons; the latter have always been disaffected towards the Osmánlí government.

_Valachia and Moldavia._

These are also infidel principalities governed by princes appointed by the Ottoman government, and pay an annual tribute of two thousand purses; they are considered as belonging to the province of Silistria.

_Oczakov or Silistria._