BOOK I.

QUADRUPEDS, OR FOUR-FOOTED BEASTS.

POPULAR AND SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF THE ANIMALS DESCRIBED.

⁂ Where no synonyme is given, the Linnæan name is the only one in use; and when the synonymes are seldom used, they are marked thus *. When no Linnæan name is given, the animal was not described by Linnæus.

SECTION I.--CARNIVOROUS, OR FLESH-EATING ANIMALS.

English Name Linnæan Name Synonymes Page

LION Felis Leo *Leo vulgaris.--_Leach_ 1

LIONESS Ibid. 7

TIGER Felis Tigris 9

LEOPARD Felis Leopardus 12

PANTHER Felis Pardus 13

OUNCE Felis Uncia.--_Schreb._ 14

OCELOT Felis Pardalis 14

HUNTING LEOPARD,} or CHEETAH } Felis jubata Cynailurus jubatus.--_Wag._ 15

JAGUAR Felis Onca 16

{Felis Puma.--_Trail_ } PUMA Felis concolor {*Leo Americanus.--_Her._} 18 {*Puma concolor.--_Jard._}

COMMON LYNX Felis Lynx *Lyncus vulgaris.--_Gray_ 19

CANADIAN LYNX {Felis Canadensis.--_Geoff._} 19 {*Lyncus Canadensis.--_Gray_}

CARACAL Felis Caracal.--_Schreb._ 20

DOMESTIC CAT Felis domestica 20

WILD CAT Felis Catus 22

DOGS {Canis familiaris and} 23 { var. }

SHEPHERD’S DOG 23

BLOODHOUND 25

FOXHOUND 27

POINTER 28

MASTIFF 29

BULLDOG 30

TERRIER 31

SPANIEL 32

WATER SPANIEL 33

NEWFOUNDLAND DOG 34

GREYHOUND 36

FOX Canis Vulpes Vulpes vulgaris.--_Briss._ 37

ARCTIC FOX Canis lagopus Vulpes lagopus 39

WOLF Canis Lupus *Lupus vulgaris 40

JACKAL Canis aureus 42

STRIPED HYÆNA Canis Hyæna Hyæna striata.--_Zimm._ 43

SPOTTED HYÆNA Hyæna Crocuta 44

BLACK BEAR Ursus Americanus 45

GRISLY BEAR Ursus ferox 46

BROWN BEAR Ursus Arctos 46

MALAYAN SUN BEAR Ursus Malayanus 48

POLAR BEAR Ursus maritimus.--_Gmel._ 50

RACOON Ursus Lotor Procyon Lotor.--_Cuv._ 51

BADGER Ursus Meles Meles Taxus.--_Blum._ 53

COATI-MONDI Viverra Nasua Nasua narica.--_F. Cuv._ 53

CIVET Viverra Civetta.--_Schreb._54

GENET Viverra Genetta Genetta vulgaris.--_Cuv._ 55

ORIENTAL CIVET Viverra Zibetha 56

ICHNEUMON, or } Viverra Ichneumon Herpestes Ichneumon 56 EGYPTIAN } MANGOUSTE }

WEASEL Mustela vulgaris 58

FERRET Mustela furo *Viverra furo.--_Shaw_ 60

POLECAT Mustela putorius Putorius vulgaris.--_Cuv._ 61

ERMINE Mustela erminea 62

SKUNK Mustela or Mephitis Americana 63

SABLE {Mustela or Martes} 64 { Zibellina }

MARTEN Mustela Martes Martes foina.--_Gray_ 65

OTTER Mustela Lutra Lutra vulgaris.--_Erxl._ 66

SEA OTTER Mustela Lutris Enhydra Lutris.--_Gray_ 68

SEAL Phoca vitulina {*Phoca variegata.--_Niel._ } {Calocephalus vitulinus.--_Cuv._} 69

WALRUS Trichechus Rosmarus 72

SECTION II.--INSECT-EATING ANIMALS.

HEDGEHOG Erinaceus Europæus 74

MOLE Talpa Europæa Talpa vulgaris.--_Briss._ 76

SHREW Sorex araneus 78

WATER SHREW Sorex fodiens 79

SECTION III.--CHEIROPTEROUS ANIMALS.

BAT Vespertilio noctula 80

PIPISTRELLE Vespertilio Pipistrellus 81

LONG-EARED BAT Vespertilio auritus Plecotus auritus.--_Gray_ 81

VAMPYRE BAT Vespertilio spectrum Phyllostoma spectrum.--_Geoff._ 82

KALONG BAT Pteropus edulis.--_Péron._ 83

SECTION IV.--MARSUPIALIA, OR POUCH-BEARING ANIMALS.

KANGAROO {Macropus giganteus.--_Shaw_ and _Cuv._} { *Halmaturus.--_Illig._ } 84 { and *Kangurus.--_Desm._ }

OPOSSUM Didelphis Virginiana 86

PHALANGER Phalangista vulpina.--_Desm._ 87

SECTION V.--RODENTIA, OR GNAWING ANIMALS.

BEAVER Castor Fiber 88

MUSK RAT {Fiber zibethicus.--_Des._ } 90 { Ondatra zibethica.--_Lacep._}

HARE Lepus timidus 91

RABBIT (_Wild_) Lepus cuniculus 93

RABBIT (_Domestic_) 94

SQUIRREL Sciurus vulgaris 95

DORMOUSE Mus avellanarius Myoxus muscardinus.--_Schreb._ 96

MARMOT, or } Mus marmotta Arctomys Marmotta.--_Gmel._ 97 ALPINE RAT }

GUINEA-PIG Mus porcellus {Cavia cobaya.--_Pall._ } { Cavia aperea.--_Erxl._ }98 { Hydrochœrus aperea.--_F. Cuv._}

MOUSE Mus musculus 99

RAT Mus decumanus 100

WATER RAT Mus amphibius {Mus aquaticus.--_Briss._ } {*Lemmus aquaticus.--_F. Cuv._--Arvicola} { amphibia.--_Desm._ and _Jenyns._} 102 { Arvicola aquatica.--_Flem._}

LEMMING Mus Lemmus Myodes Lemmus.--_Pall._ 103

JERBOA {Dipus Jerboa.--_Gmel._} 104 { Mus sagitta.--_Pall._}

CHINCHILLA Chinchilla lanigera 105

PORCUPINE Hystrix cristata 106

COUENDOU Hystrix prehensilis Synetheres prehensilis.--_Cuv._ 106

SECTION VI.--EDENTATA, OR TOOTHLESS ANIMALS.

SLOTH Bradypus tridactylus 107

ARMADILLO Dasypus sexcinctus 109

ANT-EATER Myrmecophaga jubata 110

DUCK-BILLED } {Ornithorhynchus paradoxus.--_Blum._}111 PLATYPUS } {Platypus anatinus.--_Shaw._ }

SECTION VII.--PACHYDERMATA, OR THICK-SKINNED ANIMALS.

ELEPHANT Elephas Indicus 113

HIPPOPOTAMUS, } Hippopotamus amphibius 116 or RIVER HORSE}

RHINOCEROS Rhinoceros unicornis 117

HOG (_Domestic_) Sus scrofa 118

WILD BOAR Sus scrofa Sus aper.--_Briss._ 120

BABIROUSSA Sus Babyrussa Babirussa Alfurus.--_Less._ 122

PECCARY Dicotyles labiatus.--_Cuv._ 122

TAPIR Tapirus Americanus.--_Schreb._ 123

HORSE Equus caballus 124

ASS Equus Asinus Asinus vulgaris.--_Gray_ 127

MULE 130

KIANG Equus Hemionus.--_Pall._ 131

ZEBRA Equus Zebra 132

SECTION VIII.--RUMINATING ANIMALS.

BULL {Bos Taurus, var.} 134 { domesticus }

COW 136

WILD BULL {Bos Taurus, var. } 137 { Scoticus }

BUFFALO Bos Bubalus Bubalus Caffer 139

BISON Bos Bonasus Bison Bonasus 141

BRAHMIN BULL,} Bos Taurus, var.} 143 or ZEBU } Indicus }

SHEEP Ovis Aries *Capra ovis.--_Blum._ 144

RAM 146

WALLACHIAN RAM 146

ARGALI, or WILD} Ovis Ammon 147 SHEEP OF ASIA}

GOAT Capra Hircus 147

IBEX, or BOQUETIN Capra Ibex 148

ANTELOPE Capra Cervicapra Antilope Cervicapra.--_Pall._ 149

GAZELLE Capra Dorcas Antilope Dorcas--_Pall._ 150

CHAMOIS Capra rupicapra Antilope rupicapra.--_Pall._ 151

NYL GHAU Antilope picta.--_Pall._ 152

GNU Antilope Gnu.--_Gmel._ 154

STAG Cervus Elaphus 155

WAPITI {Cervus Canadensis.--_Gmel._ } 157 {*Cervus strongyloceros.--_Schres._}

ROEBUCK Cervus capreolus 158

FALLOW DEER Cervus Dama 159

ELK Cervus Alces 160

REINDEER Cervus Tarandus {*Cervus Rangifer.--_Ray._} 161 { Rangifer Tarandus }

AXIS Cervus axis 163

MUSK DEER Moschus Moschiferus 163

GIRAFFE Cervus Camelopardalis Camelopardalis Giraffa.--_Gmel.]_164

CAMEL Camelus Bactrianus 168

DROMEDARY Camelus Dromedarius 170

LLAMA Camelus glama Auchenia glama.--_Illig._ 172

SECTION IX.--QUADRUMANA, OR FOUR-HANDED ANIMALS.

OURANG OUTAN Simia satyrus 173

CHIMPANZEE Troglodytes niger.--_Geoff._ 174

GORILLA Troglodytes Gorilla 176

BARBARY APE Simia inuus Inuus sylvanus.--_Cuv._ 177

BABOON {Cynocephalus porcarius.--_Desm._ } 174 { and _Cuv._ }

PROBOSCIS MONKEY} Nasalis larvatus.--_Geoff._ 180

DIANA MONKEY Simia Diana Cercopithecus Diana.--_Geoff._ 180

CAPUCHIN MONKEY} Simia Capucina Cebus capucinus.--_Des._ 182

SPIDER MONKEY Simia Paniscus Ateles Paniscus.--_Geoff._ 182

OUISTIT or} Simia Jacchus Jacchus vulgaris.--_Geoff._ 183 MARMOZET}

MARIKINA Simia Rosalia Jacchus Rosalia 183

LEMUR Lemur Macaco 184

MONGOOS Lemur albifrons.--_Geoff._ 184