mill. His expanding powers and growing ability later lead to

his appointment to the responsible position of manager of the largest cotton mill at Manville, Rhode Island, and during his residence there he invented a loom for the weaving of velvet and plush. At different times he was in charge of cotton mills at New Bedford and Newburyport, Massachusetts, and Pawtucket, Providence, and Pontiac, Rhode Island, being thus identified with some of the largest manufacturing interests of that class in New England, while in Pontiac he was for eight years superintendent of the cotton mills of B. B. & R. Knight, and by reason of his responsible position, was accounted one of the foremost business men of that place. He also became an important factor in the public life of the community, being greatly interested in everything that pertained to the general welfare. He sought earnestly and effectively to improve roads, schools and libraries and in fact to advance any measure relative to the public good.

On the 19th of March, 1895, Mr. Hawksworth arrived in Montreal, becoming manager of the Merchants cotton mills at St. Henri, now a part of the plant of the Dominion Textile Company, Limited.

About eight years prior to his death he resigned that position and established the mill supply house of Alfred Hawksworth & Sons, Limited, which was incorporated in 1905 and is still one of the important productive industries of Montreal. The business from its inception proved a profitable one and under the careful guidance of its founder, developed into one of the large enterprises of this character in Canada. Mr. Hawksworth, through long experience, was familiar with every phase of the manufacture of cotton goods and knew the needs relative thereto, his mill supply house being an outgrowth of his experience and knowledge.

While living in Lonsdale, Rhode Island, in June, 1871, Mr. Hawksworth was united in marriage to Miss Esther A. Moss, a daughter of Edward Moss of that place, and they became the parents of a daughter and five sons: Fred, of Montreal; Edward, who is connected with the Hawksworth & Sons Company, Limited; Harry, who is vice president of that company; Walter L., who is secretary-treasurer, and also assistant manager of the supply house; and Lester A. The daughter, Miss Alice M. Hawksworth, is at home with her mother.

Mr. Hawksworth joined the Masonic fraternity in Concord, Massachusetts, in 1870, and in June, 1903, was made a life member of the Mount Moriah Lodge, No. 8, F. & A. M., of Limerock, Rhode Island. He was also made an honorary member of Mount Moriah Club at Limerock and in Masonry he attained the Knights Templar degree. He was a communicant in St. Simon’s church in Montreal and his entire life was actuated by high and honorable purposes and manly principles. He was a great reader, possessing scholarly taste and his private library contained three thousand volumes with the contents of which he was largely familiar, spending many of his pleasant hours in close association with men of master minds within the four walls of his library.

Mr. Hawksworth could truly be called a self-made man--a title of which he had every reason to be proud. It indicated not only his substantial success in business, but also his intellectual growth and progress. Along the former line he possessed notable ability in coordinating force and unifying elements into a harmonious whole. More than his success, the breadth of his mind and character commanded respect and endeared him to those with whom he came in contact. In his leisure hours he was always to be found at his own fireside or in those circles where intelligent men were wont to meet in discussion of vital problems, and when he passed away on the 16th of February, 1913, a feeling of deep regret was manifested by all of his associates, for his genuine worth had given him firm hold upon the affections of those with whom he was brought in contact.

THOMAS BASSETT MACAULAY.

Thomas Bassett Macaulay, actuary and well known in insurance circles, not only in Montreal but throughout Canada and the United States, has aside from his business affairs led a life of intense and well directed activity, being identified with various organized movements which have to do with the promotion of moral progress or which seek to alleviate hard conditions of life for the unfortunate.

Mr. Macaulay is a native of the province of Ontario, having been born in Hamilton on the 6th of June, 1860, a son of Robertson and Barbara Maria (Reid) Macaulay. After pursuing his early education in Hamilton he continued his studies in Montreal and made his initial step in the business world in the service of the Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada at Montreal in October, 1877. He bent every energy to the mastery of the duties intrusted to him and the recognition of his ability and faithfulness came to him in promotion. In 1880 he was appointed actuary and in 1891 was made secretary of the company. In 1898 he was elected a director and in 1906 became managing director of a corporation that is acknowledged to be one of the strongest and most reliable insurance companies of the world. By examination he became a fellow of the Institute of Actuaries of Great Britain and is now supervisor at Montreal in connection with examinations of the institute. He is a charter member of the Actuarial Society of America and was honored with election to its presidency in 1899 and in 1901, while he is now a life member of its council. He has indeed a wide reputation in his profession and extended acquaintance. He is a member of the Royal Statistical Society of England, a corresponding member of the Institute des Actuaires Françaises de France and in 1895 was again a delegate to the International Commerce of Actuaries in Brussels, and again in 1898 in London and in 1900 in Paris. At the last mentioned he was elected vice president to represent both the United States and Canada. He was also elected vice president of the International Actuaries Association in 1906.

Important and responsible are the duties which have come to Mr. Macaulay with his developing powers, and he finds rest and recreation therefrom in his interests in farming and stock-raising. He has valuable farming property at Hudson Heights, Quebec. He also has other business connections, being a director of the Illinois Traction Company, of the National Trust Company and of the Dominion Glass Company. He is likewise actively interested in organizations having to do with the public welfare, being a governor of the Montreal General Hospital. He is likewise a governor of the Congregational College of Canada which is indicative of his church relationship. In 1911 he was elected president of the Congregational Union of Canada. The same year he was elected president of the Canadian and West Indian League. He is a careful student of all the vital problems and questions of the age and fearlessly he pronounces his opinions yet is never aggressive. He favors the imposition of a moderate import duty by the United Kingdom and colonies to be kept distinct from local duties and to be applied to imperial defence.

In 1881, Mr. Macaulay was married to Miss Henrietta M. L. Bragg, who died in 1910. She was the daughter of the late Oliver Bragg, M. D., and a step-daughter of the Rev. J. Lawson Forster, D. D., of London, England. In 1912 he married Miss Margaret Allen, a daughter of the late Rev. William Allen of London, England. Many have expressed the opinion that he should take a more active part in public life for his qualifications are such as would make him a powerful factor in the discussion of important questions. He is an agreeable speaker, clear, fluent and forceful, and he has the ability of instructing while entertaining. It would be difficult to mention the line along which his usefulness has been greatest for he has accomplished much in various connections, and his work has ever been an influencing factor on the side of reform, progress, improvement and right.

THE BAGG FAMILY.

The Bagg family is one of the oldest English families on the island of Montreal and one whose members have been foremost in social, financial, religious, political and military circles for the past century, or since the arrival of the first representative of the name, Stanley Bagg, Esq., who was born in County Durham, England, where this branch of the family possessed large landed estates. In Canada for the past three-quarters of a century such men as Lieutenant Colonel Stanley Clark Bagg, scholar, financier and philanthropist, and his son, the late Robert Stanley Bagg, a worthy son of an honored sire, have placed the name on a high plane.

Stanley Bagg, Esq., the first of this family to settle in Montreal, was born in England in 1786 and died at Fairmount, the family residence on Sherbrooke Street, October 31, 1853, aged sixty-seven years. He left to his son, Stanley Clark Bagg, large landed estates in Montreal and County Durham, England. Lieutenant Colonel Stanley Clark Bagg, son of Stanley and Mary Ann (Clark) Bagg, was born at the manor house in Montreal on December 23, 1820. He studied law and afterwards took up the notarial profession, which he practiced successfully for a number of years but abandoned it in order to give his attention to the management of estates which he inherited from his grandfather, as well as a freehold property in County Durham, England. He was at one time the largest landholder on the island of Montreal, gave many streets and squares to the city and made very substantial benefactions to the citizens. He was an honorary member of the Montreal Field Battery and Artillery and of the Light Infantry, and his name figured in connection with public office through appointment to the position of one of Her Majesty’s justices of the peace in 1859, after which he performed judicial duties for a time. In 1865 he was solicited to become mayor of Montreal but declined the proffered honor. In politics he was a conservative but without political ambition, refusing nomination for a seat in parliament. He was, however, a deep student of the questions of the times, wrote largely for the press and his writings were received warmly in both England and America. He was greatly interested in philanthropic projects and in efforts to promote intellectual progress. He became one of the founders and the first president of the English Workingmen’s Benefit Society, was one of the founders of the Antiquarian and Numismatic Society, which honored him with its presidency, and a life member of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. He also belonged to the Cathedral Young Men’s Christian Association, the Natural History Society and the Mechanics Institute. His activities had their root in principles inculcated by the Church of England and he was a devoted member of Christ Church Cathedral. He married Miss Catharine Mitcheson, a daughter of Robert and Frances (MacGregor) Mitcheson, natives of England and Scotland respectively, and died at his residence, “Fairmount,” in Montreal, August 8, 1873.

Robert Stanley Bagg, son of Lieutenant Colonel Stanley Clark and Catharine (Mitcheson) Bagg, and the head of the family in the third generation in this country, was born at the manor house in Montreal in July, 1848, and was educated in the Montreal high school and McGill University, from which he graduated, after which he proceeded to England to complete his studies. On his return to Canada he was called to the bar of Montreal but never practiced law extensively, although he formed a partnership with Donald Macmaster, now a member of parliament. At his father’s death, however, the management of the largest landed estate on the island devolved upon him, so that he abandoned the active practice of the legal profession.

Much of his time and energy was also given to public life and he was considered a powerful platform orator. In 1896 he was nominated for the St. Lawrence division seat in the house of commons, but resigned for political reasons. His father, Lieutenant Colonel Bagg, was a Tory and a personal friend of the late Sir John A. Macdonald, and it was natural that the son should espouse early in life the conservative cause. He was frequently heard on the platform in support of principles of the party, being known as a stanch conservative both in and out of power, while at one time he was president of the Liberal-Conservative Club, giving a great deal of his time to the work of organizing as well as to public discussion. He was well known among the French Canadian people and spoke their language almost as fluently as his mother tongue. Mr. Bagg was mentioned several times as the party candidate in the federal contests, but the house of commons had no attraction for him. He was known personally to all the party leaders from the time of Macdonald down to the present day. Like his father, he was a most generous supporter of charities and benevolent projects, and he was a governor and benefactor of the Montreal General Hospital and the Montreal Dispensary. He was likewise a member of almost every social and sporting club on the island of Montreal; was a splendid horseman and a good soldier, being at one time commanding officer in the Fifth Royal Scots, taking part in the quelling of the Quebec riots and doing much active military duty.

Mr. Bagg had been ailing for several months, but the call came unexpectedly and he died July 22, 1912, at Kennebunk Port, Maine, where he was spending the summer, as was his custom. In his passing Montreal lost one of its foremost citizens, a most prominent representative of one of the old English families, and a man of distinction to whom opportunity meant activity, and who in all of his business and social relations maintained a position that reflected credit and honor upon an honored family name. His life was not self-centered but reached out along broadening lines for the benefit of his fellowmen and of his city, where the family has so long been well known in the best social circles.

Mr. Bagg was married in 1882 to Miss Clara Smithers, a daughter of the late Charles F. Smithers, president of the Bank of Montreal, and to them were born three children, Evelyn St. Claire Stanley, Gwendolen Katherine Stanley and Harold Stanley.

Evelyn St. Claire Stanley Bagg was married on the 26th of October, 1910, to Huntly Ward Davis, an architect of Montreal, and they have one daughter, Evelyn Clare Ward Davis, who is of the fifth generation of the family in Canada.

SERAPHIN OUIMET.

Seraphin Ouimet, member of the civil engineering firm of Ouimet & Lesage, connected with important municipal and railroad work in Montreal and in various other sections of the province and Dominion, was born October 8, 1879, in Ste. Rose, in the county of Laval, P. Q. The earliest record of the Ouimet family in this province is of Jean Ouimet, who was born in 1634 and died on the 19th of November, 1687, at Ste. Famille. He married Renee Gagnon about 1660 and their son, Louis Ouimet, who was one of nine children, was married February 3, 1693, at Ste. Famille to Marie Anne Genest, by whom he had thirteen children. Anselme Ouimet, father of Seraphin Ouimet, was born at St. François de Sales, about 1840 and married Emelie Gauthier, who was born in Montreal about 1850. Their son, Seraphin Ouimet, attended school in his native town of Ste. Rose and afterward pursued a classical course at Ste. Thérèse in the county of Terrebonne, where he remained for seven years and was leader of his class, and where he gained his B. C. es Lettres. Later he became a student in the Polytechnic school at Laval. He passed his examination with distinction, graduating June 10, 1904, with the degree of B. C. es Sciences. He next engaged with the dominion government as superintendent of Marconi stations on the Gulf, having charge of five stations. He continued in that position for one season and was appointed assistant engineer of the Georgian Bay Ship Canal survey. After four months in that position he was promoted to first assistant and two months later to chief. He continued for eighteen months in that capacity, rendering efficient, capable and acceptable service until, desiring to engage in the private practice of his profession, he opened an office in Montreal. He passed his examination as Quebec land surveyor on June 17, 1908, before the board of the Quebec Land Surveyors Association. For a year he was associated with James H. Parent, at the close of which time he entered into partnership with Royal Lesage and has since continued under the firm name of Ouimet & Lesage. Their clientage has steadily increased in the interim and their work today extends largely over the province, including many contracts for municipal engineering and railroad work. They have been connected with the building of a branch of the Transcontinental, extending from Montreal and have acted as experts for municipal civil engineering projects in connection with important work for electric and other companies. They employ over twenty men, and the business is one of growing importance. Mr. Ouimet is recognized as a clever, energetic and successful representative of his profession, widely known and highly respected. His ability, close study and developing powers have gained him wider and wider recognition until he stands today as one of the able representatives of the profession in Montreal.

DUNCAN CAMPBELL MACCALLUM, M. D., M. R. C. S.

Distinguished honors came to Duncan Campbell MacCallum, M. D., in recognition of his marked ability as a medical practitioner, educator and author. He was in the vanguard of those men to whom science revealed in considerable measure her secrets, his wide research and investigation giving him place with the most eminent of the Canadians connected with the medical profession. He was a fellow of the Obstetrical Society of London, a foundation fellow of the British Gynecological Society and professor emeritus of McGill University. He was born at Ile aux Noix, in the province of Quebec, on the 12th of November, 1825, and died November 13, 1904. He came of pure Scotch ancestry, his parents being John and Mary (Campbell) MacCallum. His maternal grandfather, Malcolm Campbell, of Killin, was a near kinsman, through Lochiel Cameron, of the Earl of Breadalbane.

Dr. MacCallum’s early professional training was received in McGill University, from which he was graduated M. D. in 1850. He then proceeded to Great Britain and studied in London, Edinburgh and Dublin, pursuing post-graduate courses in all three cities. Upon examination he was admitted to the Royal College of Surgeons in England in 1851 and his preliminary training was so thorough and comprehensive as to place him beyond the point of mediocrity even at the outset of his professional career. Returning to Montreal, he entered upon active practice in this city and almost immediately became known, as well, as an able educator and writer upon medical topics. He was appointed demonstrator of anatomy in McGill in 1854 and was connected with the faculty of medicine until his death. In 1856 he was appointed to the chair of clinical surgery and in November, 1860, was transferred to the chair of clinical medicine and medical jurisprudence, occupying that position until April, 1868, when he was appointed professor of midwifery and the diseases of women and children. He retained that professorship until 1883, when he resigned, at which time the governors of the university made him professor emeritus, so that he retained his precedence in the university, in which he had continued as a professor for almost thirty years.

The active work of the profession aside from private practice was carried on by Dr. MacCallum as visiting physician to the Montreal General Hospital from 1856 until 1877, when, after twenty-one years’ service, he resigned and by vote of the governors was placed on the consulting staff of the hospital. From 1868 until 1883 he had charge of the Lying-in Hospital and for fourteen years was physician to the Hervey Institute for Children. His writings gained him almost a world-wide reputation. He contributed articles to the British American Medical and Surgical Journals, to the Canada Medical Journal and the Transactions of the Obstetrical Society of London, England. In 1854 he was associated with Dr. William Wright in establishing and editing the Medical Chronicle, which paper remained in existence for six years. Dr. MacCallum was vice president for Canada of the section of obstetrics in the Ninth International Medical Congress, which was held at Washington, D. C., in September, 1887. His eminent ability and broad learning made him looked upon as a leader in the ranks of the medical profession on the American continent and also gained him recognition abroad, so that he was elected to fellowship in the Obstetrical Society of London and was chosen to become one of the foundation fellows of the British Gynecological Society. On the 1st of March, 1855, he was appointed assistant surgeon of the Sixth Battalion of Montreal Militia and on the 15th of February, 1856, was appointed surgeon to the same.

In October, 1867, Dr. MacCallum was united in marriage to Miss Marie Josephine Guy, the second daughter of Hon. Hippolyte Guy, judge of the superior court of lower Canada and a representative of ancestry, honorable and distinguished. The children born to Dr. and Mrs. MacCallum were: Marie Josephine, who married Professor Thomas A. Starkey of McGill University, of whom there is mention in these volumes and by whom she has one son, Hugh Starkey; Esther Melina; Marianne, who married Edward Desbarats, of Montreal, and has seven children--Edward, Duncan, Josephine, Henry, Lucy Anne, Cecile and Henri; Flora Victoria, who married de Les Derniers Shepherd, of Montreal; and Duncan Guy, who won the degree of M. D. at McGill University in 1907 and is now a medical practitioner of Sherbrooke, Quebec.

The life work of Dr. MacCallum was one of signal service and benefit to mankind and his name deserves to be enrolled with those of the benefactors of the race.

JOSEPH ALEXANDRE BONIN.

Joseph Alexandre Bonin, one of the prominent and successful barristers of Montreal, where he practices as a member of the firm of Taillon, Bonin & Morin, was born in D’Autray, Lanoraie, province of Quebec, a son of the late J. B. Bonin. In the acquirement of an education he attended Joliette College and was called to the bar as advocate in 1874, being made king’s counsel in 1893. He has been for many years in the successful practice of his profession in Montreal, where the firm of Taillon, Bonin & Morin is regarded as one of the strongest in the city, connected through an extensive and representative clientele with a great deal of notable litigation. Mr. Bonin’s wide experience and successful practice have secured for him a large following, and his comprehensive knowledge of legal principles has made him very successful in the conduct of cases intrusted to his care. His mind is incisive, analytical and deductive and his powers have been developed through the years, until today he is one of the most able and prominent barristers in the city where he makes his home.

Mr. Bonin married a daughter of the late J. L. Leprohon, M. D., vice consul for Spain in Montreal, and Mr. and Mrs. Bonin are well known in social circles of this city. Mr. Bonin is a member of the Roman Catholic church and is a conservative in his political beliefs, taking an intelligent and public-spirited interest in municipal growth and advancement. He has gained prominence and distinction in a profession where advancement depends entirely upon superior merit and ability and stands among the barristers whose work is important as an element in the legal history of this province.

GUY FAMILY.

The Guy family is one of the oldest and most prominent in Montreal. Pierre Guy, the first of the name to settle in Canada, joined the French army under M. de Vaudreuil and rose rapidly through intermediate positions to the rank of captain. He participated in the engagements which occurred with frequency between the French in Quebec and the English in Massachusetts and New York and he died at the age of forty-eight years. His son, a namesake, Pierre Guy, Jr., was educated in France and also joined the French army in Canada, serving under General Montcalm in the French and Indian war. He participated in the battles of Caillion, Montmorency and the battle on the Plains of Abraham. When the power of France in Canada was set at naught, he with others left for France, where he remained until 1764. He then returned to Canada and accepted a business situation in Montreal, becoming a loyal subject of Great Britain. Soon afterward when General Montgomery invaded Canada he took up arms for the defence of the country which so exasperated the Americans that they sacked his stores after the capitulation of the city. In 1776 he received from the Crown the appointment of judge and in 1782 became a colonel of militia. He was also active in founding the college of St. Raphael and was thus prominently identified with the military, commercial and educational interests of the province of Quebec. He received from the Crown a large land grant in Montreal in that part of the city known as Bourgoyne and he it was who gave Nuns Island to the nuns and he also gave one-half of Viger Square to the city. At one time he conducted a large business as a fur trader between Montreal and France. His activities were so important and his ability so pronounced that he was a recognized leader in the different fields in which his labors and efforts were put forth.

Pierre Guy, Jr., died in the year 1812, leaving several sons and daughters. Of these Louis Guy, who by the death of his father became the oldest representative of the family, was made a councillor by King William in February, 1831, and died in 1840. Guy Street in Montreal was so called in his honor.

He had six children: Emily, who married Lieutenant Colonel De Salaberry; Caroline, who became the wife of Joseph Baby; Henry, who was a colonel in the British army; Hippolyte; Joseph, who was a lawyer of Montreal; and Adine, who married Mr. Pemberton of Quebec.

Judge Hippolyte Guy, judge of the superior court of Lower Canada, and the second son of Louis Guy, married Marianne Esther Nelson, a daughter of James Frederick Nelson and his wife Mary Ann Adelaide Regnault, the adopted daughter of Chief Justice Vallieres of Three Rivers, P. Q. Judge Guy died April 19, 1860. Unto him and his wife were born three daughters and a son. Marie Louise, the eldest, became the wife of Hon. Chief Justice Austin, of Nassau and they had three children: Barry, Gloucester and Charlotte, now Lady Napier. Marie Josephine married Dr. Duncan Campbell MacCallum, of whom there is made mention on another page of this work. Marie Ann became the wife of Alex de Lusignan by whom she had two children, Guy de Lusignan and Esther de Lusignan. She afterward married Gustave Fabre and by him has one daughter, Terese, the wife of Mr. L’Africanne. Pierre, the youngest in the family, died at the age of four years.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL ALFRED EUGENE DAMASE LABELLE.

Few men occupy a more enviable position in business and military circles than Lieutenant Colonel Alfred E. D. Labelle. He has been termed “the beau ideal of a soldier,” and his position as one of the captains of industry in Montreal none question. Montreal claims him as a native son. He was born August 23, 1866, his parents being Hospice L. and Leocadie (Masson) Labelle, the former a grain inspector of Montreal. The son was a student in Bishop’s Academy and in a commercial school of his native city, his training in that institution fitting him for the responsibilities which came upon him after he entered business circles in 1883 in the employ of the late W. W. Ogilvie, the miller king. He remained in that connection until the business was merged into the Ogilvie Flour Mills Company, Limited, in 1897, at which time he became sales manager for Montreal, so remaining until his retirement from active connection with the business in 1910. In that year he became managing director of the St. Lawrence Flour Mills Company, of which he was one of the principal promoters and as such he stands today as one of the leading representatives of the productive industries of the province, bending his energies to constructive direction and executive control of a business that has already reached mammoth proportions.

He has active connection and voice in the management of many organizations looking to the betterment of trade and commercial relations. He is a member of the Montreal Harbor board, the Montreal Board of Trade, was president of the Chambre de Commerce, and is vice president of the Montreal Industrial Exhibition Association and the Montreal Vehicular Traffic Association. He is also connected with movements touching the general interests of society outside the strict field of business, being councillor of the Red Cross Society and of the Boy Scout movement. His military career is perhaps even more brilliant than his business record. He has been long connected with the volunteer militia service, having joined the Sixty-fifth Regiment as a private in 1882. He was advanced through various ranks until he became lieutenant colonel, commanding in 1897 and in 1902 his name was placed upon the list of retired officers. Subsequently he commanded the Seventh Infantry Brigade, was appointed a second time to the command of the Sixty-fifth Regiment in March, 1907, and is now in command of the Twelfth Infantry Brigade. He served in the Northwest rebellion in 1885 and was one of its medallists. He was on the staff of the Victoria Jubilee contingent in London, England, in 1897, when he was again accorded a medal. He commanded the troops sent to Valleyfield, P. Q., during the trade riots in 1900, and he commanded the Canadian Bisley team in 1908. In the previous year he received a long service decoration and became actively connected with military training in 1896 as president of the Montreal Military Institute. He was likewise president of the Montreal Amalgamated Rifle Association in 1901-2. The Montreal Witness speaks of him as a “splendid officer, popular and respected by all.”

Colonel Labelle was married in 1900 to Amelie Sicotte, the second daughter of the late Hon. L. W. Sicotte. Colonel Labelle is a Roman Catholic in religious faith and a conservative in political belief. His club relations are with the leading organizations of that character in Montreal, including the St. James Club, Club Lafontaine, Club Canadien, the Military Institute and Club St. Denis. The analytical trend of his mind readily enables him to understand the various factors which enter into the successful control of military interests and of business affairs. He has ever followed the broad policy of building up rather than of destroying and in all of his commercial interests has employed constructive measures, never sacrificing interests of others to corporation gain. While in military circles he is a strict disciplinarian, he has at the same time, those qualities which win personal popularity and respect among subordinates and the expressions of praise again and again heard from those who have served under him show that he is justly entitled to be termed “the beau ideal of a soldier.”

DUNCAN LIVINGSTONE MACDOUGALL.

Duncan Livingstone MacDougall, a merchant of Montreal for many years and an active church man, whose life was one of broad usefulness as well as of material success, was born in Kendelton, Scotland, in 1848, a son of Archibald L. MacDougall, who in the year 1861 established his home in Montreal. He married Agnes Livingstone, a cousin of the great explorer and missionary who was the first man to penetrate into the heart of Africa. Mr. and Mrs. MacDougall became the parents of two sons, Duncan L. and John, and a daughter, Mrs. Robert Logie.

Duncan L. MacDougall was a youth of thirteen years when the family crossed the Atlantic to Canada. His education was acquired in the schools of Scotland and of Montreal and he crossed the threshold of business life as bookkeeper for Cochran, Cassills & Company, boot and shoe merchants, in whose employ he was continually advanced in recognition of his merit and capability until eventually he was admitted to partnership, continuing a member of the firm to the time of his death. He devoted his undivided attention to the interests of the business and became an active factor in guiding its affairs. He possessed in large measure that quality which for want of a better term has been called commercial sense, seeming to recognize almost intuitively the points and propositions of business that led toward prosperity.

Mr. MacDougall was married in Montreal in 1872 to Miss Margaret B. Patterson, a daughter of William Patterson, who came to Canada from Edinburgh, Scotland, at an early day and was a veterinary surgeon of the city to the time of his death. His wife bore the maiden name of Isabella S. Dunnett. Mrs. MacDougall by her marriage became the mother of three sons and two daughters, Archibald Lorne, Alice Maud, William Percival, Edith Margaret and Duncan Livingstone.

Mr. MacDougall was a member of the Metropolitan Club and was a very active worker in the American Presbyterian church cooperating in various lines of church work and contributing generously to its support. His life was actuated by high and honorable principles, that found expression in noble deeds and helpfulness toward those who needed assistance.

ANTHUNE SERGIUS ARCHAMBAULT.

Anthune Sergius Archambault, member of the bar, practicing at Montreal as an advocate, specializes in the administration of estates, and is one of the few in Montreal’s legal profession giving special attention to work in a fiduciary capacity. He was born at St. Antoine, Vercheres county, on the 9th of November, 1874, a son of Alphonse Archambault and Hermenie Gladu, the former a farmer by occupation. While spending his youthful days under the parental roof A. S. Archambault pursued his education at St. Hyacinthe College, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1894. He then entered upon the study of law, which he pursued in Laval University, in 1898 winning the LL. L. degree. He is an advocate of considerable power and ability and has made continuous progress in his profession since taking up the active duties thereof fifteen years ago. He has gained a good clientage and his practice is of an important character. He was for some time the legal adviser of the parish of Sault au Récollet.

Mr. Archambault has been married twice. He first wedded Rose Helene Patenaude at Montreal on the 7th of May, 1901, and her death occurred on the fifth anniversary of their marriage. On the 17th of November, 1909, Mr. Archambault was again married, his second union being with Annie Michaud, of Ahuntsic. There are two children, Annette and Paul, of the first marriage and also two of the second, Jean and Marie.

REMI GOHIER, SR.

Remi Gohier, Sr., of Montreal, actively engaged in the real-estate business which has proved to him a profitable field of labor, was born on the 7th of September, 1841, at St. Laurent, Jacques Cartier county, P. Q., a son of Augustin Gohier dit Belisle and Marguerite Martin dit Ladouceur. The early ancestors of the Gohier family in the province of Quebec spelled the name in various ways, including Goyer, etc., but in France it was spelled Gohier and one of the name was of great prominence during the reign of Napoleon I.

Remi Gohier was a student in the St. Laurent College and with his entrance into commercial circles at the age of twenty-two he became a dry-goods merchant, and for twenty-seven years was engaged in that business at what is now the corner of St. Lawrence and DeMontigny Streets. In January, 1891, he became connected with the real-estate and insurance brokerage business with his two sons, Arthur E. and Alexandre. Having won substantial success he has since continued in that business. He has negotiated many important realty transfers, bought and sold property on his own account and has won a creditable and gratifying measure of success. For eight years he was a director of the Montreal Turnpike Trust Company, and he has done active public service as justice of the peace for about ten years. About 1906 Mr. Gohier became connected with La Compagnie Des Terrains Maisonneuve, Limited, and has since been a director of the same, in which he is extensively interested.

On the 25th of November, 1863, in Montreal, in Notre Dame Cathedral, Mr. Gohier was united in marriage to Miss Anne Jeanne Wright, a daughter of Alexander Hamilton and Marguerite (Scally) Wright. Their children are: Remi, who married Alice Faille; Emma Isabella, the wife of J. A. Lesieur Desaulniers; Arthur Edouard, who married Adelina Tetrault; Corrine, the wife of Eugene Tetrault; Alexandre, who married Charlotte Mongenais; and Bernice. The family are communicants of the Catholic church, and Mr. Gohier is a Knight of Columbus. He has membership with the Liberal Club, which indicates his political belief, and he is also a member of the Montreal Canadian Club. The family is highly respected, warm regard being extended father and sons. The business record of Mr. Gohier has gained for him confidence and good-will as well as substantial success, and his prosperity has been the merited reward of his capability and indefatigable enterprise.

WALTER HAMILTON EWING.

Walter Hamilton Ewing, who is well known throughout Canada and the United States as a champion shot, is the eldest son of the late Alexander Miller Ewing and Ida F. (Appleton) Ewing, of Montreal, and was born in this city on the 11th of February, 1878. He is descended from Irish ancestry. He pursued his education in the schools of his native city and made his initial step in the business world with Hodgson Sumner & Company. Subsequently he became connected with the Hart & Adair Coal Company and in 1904 organized the Lackawanna Coal Company, Ltd., of which he is president.

On the 30th of April, 1902, Mr. Ewing was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Raeburn McIntyre, a daughter of the late Archibald McIntyre, of Montreal, and their children are Morris A., Marguerite R., Walter James and David Russell.

While in Montreal Mr. Ewing is known as a successful, enterprising and progressive business man, he has a wide reputation throughout the continent in connection with his record as a marksman. He made the highest amateur score at the first annual shooting tournament of Canadian Indians at Montreal in May, 1906, winning the Clarendon cup. He won the championship of the world in trap shooting in July, 1908, at the Olympic games in London, England. He has won the championship of Canada, the Grand Canadian Handicap, the Brewers’ & Malsters’ cup and the Provincial Individual. He also shot on all team trophies, namely: 8-Man Dominion, 10-Man Provincial, 5-Man International, 5-Man Provincial and 5-Man Lansdowne cup. He is the only man who ever held the above cups at the same time. Surely he has every reason to be proud of his record in this connection. Mr. Ewing in religious faith is a Presbyterian.

REV. JAMES BENNETT.

Rev. James Bennett was born in Scotland and when a young man came to Montreal, where he continued his education, begun in the schools of his native land. He entered McGill University, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree, and later, having determined to devote his life to the work of the ministry, he took up the study of theology in Queen’s College at Kingston, Ontario. He immediately entered upon ministerial duties as pastor of the Presbyterian church on Cote des Neiges road, but soon afterward was called to L’Orignal, Ontario, where he filled a charge until his demise on August 17, 1901. His earnest effort, his charity and his consecration to the cause was productive of much good, his labors resulting in the accession of many to the church.

Rev. Bennett was married in Montreal to Miss Agnes Phillips, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Hodge) Phillips, and to them was born a son, William Phillips Bennett, now of Toronto.

THOMAS PHILLIPS, JR.

Thomas Phillips, well known for many years as a valued resident of Montreal, his native city, was at one time proprietor of that section known as Woodbury. He was a son of Thomas Phillips, Sr., who owned nearly all of what is now Beaver Hall Hill, where the family home was maintained for many years. The father was likewise the owner of what is now Phillips square, which was named in his honor. His landed possessions in fact were very extensive and their value increased with the growth and development of the city, making his a valuable estate.

His son, Thomas Phillips, pursued his education in the schools of Montreal, in Upper Canada College and in Dr. Workman’s private school. He purchased a farm on the island of Montreal and later became owner of what is now called Woodbury and constitutes an attractive portion of the city, having all been laid out in city lots. There he lived in comparative retirement. He named his place Woodbury after the old home of Thomas Phillips, Sr., who came from Woodbury, Devonshire, England, and settled in Montreal.

Thomas Phillips, Jr., married Miss Elizabeth Hodge, also a native of this city, and a daughter of James Hodge, likewise a farmer on the island of Montreal. They became the parents of four daughters and a son: Martha Emily, now deceased; Charlotte E.; Agnes, who became the wife of Rev. James Bennett and is now a widow living in Montreal; Mrs. Eleanor A. Perham, the widow of L. D. Perham; and Thomas Phillips, who at his death left two daughters, now residents of Scotland.

Mr. Phillips, whose name introduces this review, was a public-spirited man, and ever interested in the general welfare. From early manhood he was a member of St. George’s church and was its oldest member at the time of his demise. He died January 4, 1900, a day therefore that marked the passing of a prominent representative of one of the oldest families of Montreal and one whose name has ever been a synonym for honorable manhood and loyal citizenship.

JOSEPH VERSAILLES.

Progressive development finds a worthy exponent in Joseph Versailles, whose connection with real-estate operations has been an element in the material development of his section of the province. He was born in Montreal on the 28th of March, 1881, a son of Joseph Versailles and Julie Monarque. Mention is made in L’Histoire de l’Eglise by Rhorbacher of a companion of Jeanne d’Arc of the name of Pierre de Versailles. In early Canadian records the family name frequently appears with many variations, including that of Martin and Louis Martin of this family who was born in 1639 and was massacred by the Iroquois Indians at Long Sault on the 21st of May, 1660. The first record found under the present family name is that of Guillaume Versailles, who was born in 1731 and died on the 27th of November, 1751, at Trois Rivières.

Joseph Versailles of this review was a student in St. Mary’s College (Jesuit) on Bleury Street, Montreal, from which he was graduated in 1903 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, having completed the classical course. Turning from the educational field of business he was for six years proprietor of a hardware store and thus laid the foundation for the success which has since come to him through his activities in the real-estate field. Three years ago he founded the town of Montreal East and his real-estate operations there have been a foremost element in its development and substantial growth. He has recently erected one of the finest office buildings of Montreal on St. James Street, its height making it known as one of the skyscrapers. Mr. Versailles displays marked energy and determination and in his business career brooks no obstacles that can be overcome by persistent, energetic and honorable effort. He has thoroughly qualified himself to discuss every phase of the real-estate business and with remarkable prescience he has recognized the possibilities for the city’s growth and the extension of its suburban interests. The town of Montreal East which he founded was incorporated June 4, 1910, and since that time he has continuously served as its mayor, in which connection he has largely promoted its interests and development.

On the 20th of September, 1904, Mr. Versailles was united in marriage to Miss Marie Prendergast, a daughter of the late M. J. A. Prendergast, managing director of La Banque d’Hochelaga for twenty-five years. He was with the pontifical zouaves in Italy from 1867 until 1870, engaged in the practice of law following his return to Canada and then entered upon active connection with banking interests. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Versailles are Marguerite, Pauline, Joseph and Yvan. The religious faith of the family is that of the Roman Catholic church and Mr. Versailles was founder and the first president, in 1903 and 1904, of L’Association Catholique de la Jeunesse Canadienne-Française. In politics he does not maintain a position of aggressive partisanship. He believes in Canada first, rather than party, and in Canada for the Canadians and acting upon this belief his public service has been of benefit to the municipality and the general interests of society.

LEWIS D. PERHAM.

Lewis D. Perham, who for many years was connected with the customhouse of Montreal, was born in Russelltown, Quebec, in 1854, a son of Freeman Perham, a farmer of Russelltown. In the public schools of his native place Lewis D. Perham pursued his education and also attended a business college in Montreal. His life in one way was quietly and uneventfully passed, most of it being devoted to service in the customs department of his adopted city. For many years he was thus active in the government service and was occupying that position at the time of his demise. His long connection with the customs office plainly indicates his fidelity, capability and promptness in the discharge of his duties.

In 1885, in Montreal, Mr. Perham was united in marriage to Miss Eleanor Phillips, a daughter of Thomas Phillips, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. Four children were born to them, of whom two are living, Lewis P. and Ruth E.

Mr. Perham was a conservative in politics. For a few years he held membership with the Orangemen and he belonged to the American Presbyterian church. Death called him December 10, 1907, and those who were his associates in life mourned his death, for substantial qualities and commendable characteristics had endeared him to all who knew him. His life was upright and honorable, for he closely followed ethical and moral standards.

PATRICK MCKENNA.

The history of Cote des Neiges would be incomplete and unsatisfactory were there failure to make reference to Patrick McKenna, who reached the venerable age of ninety-three years--a respected citizen, whose life, though quietly and uneventfully passed, was ever a useful and upright one. A native of Ireland, ambition stirred him to activity with the dawning of young manhood, and feeling that better opportunities might be secured in the new world, he left County Cavan and made his way to Canada where he arrived in 1847. The voyage was made in one of the old-time sailing vessels which dropped anchor in the river and there the immigrants, according to the law of the land, passed into quarantine. Mr. McKenna, anxious to get to work, chafed under this restraint but when he and his fellow travelers were liberated he hastened to make his way into the city where he immediately sought employment. He scorned no labor that would give him an honest living and so showed that he was possessed of the spirit of undaunted industry and determination. In May, 1850, he came to Cote des Neiges, which at that time was a village somewhat remote from Montreal but now included within the corporation limits of the city. He accepted the position of gardener with the late Mr. Donald Ross, but after a year had passed, became a tenant of that part of the property that borders the present Westmount Avenue, although it was years afterward before that thoroughfare was laid out. In 1866 he purchased from the Greenshields estate a tract of fifty acres to which he removed in about 1870 and upon it began the erection of a greenhouse and with the growth of the business in subsequent years additional hothouse space was added. The original firm name, P. McKenna & Son, remains unchanged to the present day.

On the 1st of October, 1849, Mr. McKenna had married Miss Mary Kearney, who in the previous year had left her home at Fanningstown, County Limerick, Ireland, and sailed for the new world. In the succeeding May Mr. McKenna brought his young wife to the home which they occupied for twenty years and on the expiration of that period they took up their abode in the residence where they lived until death called them. Mr. McKenna at first gave his attention to market gardening, conducting a successful business for eighteen years, but gradually withdrew from that branch of business to give his entire attention to the florist business, making the raising of fruit and vegetables merely a side issue.

The McKenna greenhouses became well known and the business prospered from the beginning, bringing Mr. McKenna a substantial financial return which enabled him eventually to retire from active business life.

Mr. and Mrs. McKenna became the parents of thirteen children but six of the number died in infancy, and Elizabeth died a member of the Nuns of Jesus and Mary, under the name of Sister St. Pancratius. Patrick died in 1880 and Mary in 1872. Four children survive the parents: James, a sketch of whom follows; Miss Sarah McKenna; Frances N., the wife of F. Allan Beauchamp; and Sister McKenna, who for seven years was bursar of a nunnery at Lawrence, Massachusetts, and for the past fifteen years has been bursar of the noted Grey Nunnery of Montreal.

Mr. and Mrs. McKenna lived to celebrate their diamond wedding on the sixtieth anniversary of their marriage. The occasion was made a memorable one to all who participated therein. Both Mr. and Mrs. McKenna were enjoying good health, although both were octogenarians, and the celebration was participated in by Mrs. McKenna’s sister, Miss Sarah Kearney, who witnessed the original marriage sixty years before. On the occasion of the diamond wedding the ceremony was marked by the celebration of pontifical mass by His Lordship Bishop Racicot, assisted by others. From 1851 Mr. McKenna was a continuous holder of a pew in St. Patrick’s church.

His long residence at Cote des Neiges enabled him to tell much concerning the history of that section and to relate many interesting incidents connected with its development and growth. He had occupied the position of councillor in the village before its incorporation into a town and about 1889 was succeeded by his son. He was a justice of the peace for the district of Montreal for twenty-five years until his death. He possessed a retiring disposition but nevertheless manifested keen interest in all that pertained to the city’s welfare and never failed to perform a public duty that devolved upon him. He was ever loyal to the land of his adoption and maintained a deep love for the land of his birth. As a boy he received a temperance medal from Father Matthew, the Irish apostle of temperance, which is now treasured by his son.

For over two years after the celebration of the diamond wedding the parents continued to travel life’s journey and then death called the husband and father, who passed away March 14, 1912, at the age of ninety-three years. The wife and mother survived for only a few months, her death occurring on the 12th of July, following, at which time she had reached the age of eighty-two years. They were perhaps the most venerable couple in Cote des Neiges and among the oldest witnesses of the growth and development of the tiny village into a city which eventually was absorbed in the metropolis.

JAMES MCKENNA.

James McKenna, who is his father’s successor in public office and business, was born at the family home in Cote des Neiges, November 11, 1851, his parents being Patrick and Mary (Kearney) McKenna, whose sketch precedes this. When the father retired from the position of councillor of Cote des Neiges in 1889, James McKenna succeeded to the position which he continuously and acceptably filled for nineteen years, while from 1908 until 1910 he was alderman of Montreal. He was appointed justice of the peace for the district of Montreal to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his father. He married Margaret Quinn and to them were born eight children: Rose; Evaline, the wife of Antoine Marchand by whom she has a son, Charles; Maud, who was known as Sister St. Margaret of Notre Dame and has passed away; Charles P., who died at the age of eighteen years; Frank J., who married Evaline McCarthy; Leo James, who married Gertrude Eagan and has a son, Leo Martin; Harry W.; and E. Phillip.

ROBERT THOMAS HOPPER.

Ability to recognize opportunities that others passed heedlessly by, combined with an ambition that brought about their immediate, practical and resultant utilization, brought Robert Thomas Hopper to a position in the foremost ranks of Montreal’s manufacturers and business men. He had the distinction of being the first man to ship asbestos abroad and later became a prominent figure in the mining industry in the province, while at the time of his death he was president of the Dominion Marble Company.

Mr. Hopper was born in Quebec, February 25, 1858, and was educated there in the public school and in Thom’s Academy. His father, Thomas Hopper, was senior partner of the firm of Hopper Brothers, a prominent firm of cattle dealers in the province. Thomas Hopper married Miss Agnes Davidson and their children were six in number. Robert Thomas Hopper came to Montreal in 1876, when he was eighteen years of age and secured a position as bookkeeper with the firm of James Linton, continuing in that connection for a year. He then organized the firm of Irwin Hopper & Company, which existed until 1889, when the business was taken over by R. T. Hopper & Company. This firm engaged in the mineral business, specializing in crude and fibrized asbestos, being among the pioneers in that industry in Canada. Mr. Hopper was regarded as father of the asbestos business in this country. He was the first Canadian to ship asbestos abroad and has the distinction of being the first man in the business to take up the installation of crushing machinery which has since revolutionized the asbestos business.

About 1891, Mr. Hopper established the first Portland Cement plant in Canada, known as the English Portland Cement Company of Canada. Difficulties confronted him, for it fell to his lot to educate the people to the use of cement. He entered upon a campaign which ultimately resulted in success, for his persistency and energy overcame the obstacles placed in his way. Moreover, time tests the merit of all things and the worth of Portland cement is demonstrated in its successful use. Later Mr. Hopper consolidated his interests with the Rathburns of Deseronto, Ontario, organizing the Beaver Portland Cement Company, and with the development of the business and the formation of new associations the Canadian Portland Cement Company came into existence. Their plants were located at Marlbank and Deseronto, Ontario, and with the passing of the years the business developed until it assumed large proportions. Eventually, Mr. Hopper sold his interests after having materially assisted in building up a large and successful business. In 1906 he organized the Dominion Marble Company, of which he continued as president until his death on the 13th of November, 1912. This business was established on a small scale but was developed along modern, progressive lines until the company is now one of the largest in Canada, engaged in the marble business, owning extensive quarries located at South Stukely, Quebec, and Mr. Hopper was also a director in the Sherbrooke Railway & Power Company and remained a director of the Canadian Cement Company after he withdrew from active connection with the management of the business. He was a prominent member of the council of the Canadian Mining Institute and thus kept in close touch with the mining projects of the country.

In 1882, in Montreal, Mr. Hopper was united in marriage to Miss Mary Agnes Mathews, a daughter of Richard Mathews, of this city, and two daughters and a son were born to them.

Mr. Hopper was a member of the Board of Trade and was a public-spirited citizen, interested in all that pertained to civic betterment and improvement. He was a member of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, the Montreal Club, the Chapleau Club, the Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Club and the Beaconsfield Golf Club. He attended Douglas Methodist church and was deeply interested in many local charities. He sought ever the welfare and development of the community in which he lived along lines of material, intellectual, moral and public progress and his labors were attended with far-reaching results and benefits.

JOSEPH FRANCOIS VICTOR MARTINEAU, K. C.

Standing among the foremost men of the legal profession in Montreal, Joseph François Victor Martineau enjoys an important and representative practice. Moreover, he holds the position of general secretary of the bar of the province of Quebec, to which he was admitted over twenty years ago. Mr. Martineau was born at Montreal on the 28th of August, 1867, and is a son of the late François Martineau and Emérentienne (Bouthillier) Martineau. The father was a well known hardware merchant in this city and represented for six years, from 1885 to 1891, St. Mary’s ward, now Papineau, in the city council. In 1892 he was elected as a conservative member of the legislative assembly of Quebec for division No. 1 of Montreal (St. Mary’s division) and continued as a member of parliament until the next general election, in 1897.

Victor Martineau received his classical education at Ottawa College in Ottawa, St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College of Montreal, and for three years attended the law department of Laval University, from which he obtained the degree of LL. B. He was admitted to the bar of the province of Quebec in July, 1892, and ever since he has practiced in Montreal, having attained a high position among his colleagues. He is sound in his logic, terse in argument and forceful in presenting his pleas and, as he is a deep student, is familiar with precedent and all the technicalities of the law. Upon this structure is built his reputation for success. On the 5th of October, 1910, Mr. Martineau was appointed king’s counsel by the lieutenant governor and at the nomination of Hon. M. Arthur Globensky as judge of the superior court of the province of Quebec he was appointed general secretary of the bar of the province in August, 1910.

On the 6th of June, 1893, Mr. Martineau was married to Miss Emmeline Jodoin, a daughter of Isaië A. Jodoin, a well known advocate of the bar of Montreal. To this union were born two daughters. Mr. Martineau is a conservative in political matters and takes the interest of an active and earnest citizen and voter in public matters although he has never aspired to office. He can be ever found among those who make for public progress and readily places his means and ability at the disposal of undertakings that have this end in view.

JOHN JENNINGS CREELMAN.

The life work of John Jennings Creelman has brought him into close connection with the general interests of society as affected by legislative procedure, by activity at the bar and by educational interests. In the year 1913 he was appointed lecturer upon railway economics in McGill University and sustains that relation to the present time. Born in Toronto on the 14th of February, 1881, he is a son of Adam R. and Margaret Cumming (Jennings) Creelman. The former was a son of James Creelman, whose father came from Ireland in childhood and settled in New Brunswick in 1790. Adam R. Creelman, preparing for the bar, was created king’s counsel, gained distinction as a member of the legal profession and in 1900 was made general counsel of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company. He married Margaret Cumming, daughter of Rev. John Jennings, D. D., the first Presbyterian clergyman from Scotland to settle in Toronto, which city was then known as Little York.

Born and reared in Toronto, John J. Creelman attended the public schools and Upper Canada College where, upon his graduation in 1900, he won the governor general’s medal. His classical course was pursued in the University of Toronto, from which he graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1904. His legal training was received in McGill University, where he was created B. C. L. in 1907. The same year he pursued a special course in the University of Grenoble, after which he entered upon the active work of his profession as advocate and solicitor. Not only did he secure an extensive and important clientele but he also became an active factor in political circles through his appointment in 1908 as parliamentary secretary to the chairman of the committee upon banking and commerce in the Canadian senate. He is a member of the law firm of Casgrain, Mitchell, McDougall & Creelman. His invested interests also indicate extensive and important connection with commercial and industrial activities. He is now a director of the Canadian British Insulated Company, Limited; the Chamberlain & Hookham Meter Company, Limited; the Lancashire Dynamo & Motor Company of Canada, Limited; the Canadian Union Electric Company, Limited; and Fraser & Chalmers of Canada, Limited. He is likewise vice president of E. M. Sellon & Company, Limited. His varied activities have made him a close and interested student of the signs of the times, with a ready and accurate understanding of cause and effect in many of the great vital and significant problems before the country. His researches and logical deductions in the field of transportation have made him an authority upon the subject of railway economics and by reason thereof he was appointed lecturer on that subject for McGill in 1913. In this connection he has become a member of the Canadian Institute and of the National Tax Association.

The spirit of progress which has actuated his entire life has been equally strongly manifest in his military connections. In 1895 he was a member of the Upper Canada College Rifle Company; in 1899 a trooper in the Governor General’s Bodyguard of Toronto, of which he became a lieutenant in the following year. In 1905 he was transferred to the Third “Montreal” Field Battery and in 1909 was commissioned major in command thereof. In 1912 he became lieutenant colonel in command of the Sixth Brigade, Canadian Field Artillery, and in 1911 he represented Canada on the coronation contingent at the coronation of King George V. From 1911 until 1914 he has been a member of the executive of the Canadian Artillery Association. In 1913 he passed the militia staff course. He is upon the council of the Montreal Reform Club and is a liberal in his political views.

At Galveston, Texas, on the 24th of June, 1908, Mr. Creelman was united in marriage to Miss Katharine M. Weekes, a daughter of Nicholas Weekes, a confederate veteran of the Civil war, and at one time a railroad president and banker of Galveston. Mrs. Creelman is a graduate of the Bishop Strachan School of Toronto and by her marriage has become the mother of a son, John Ashmore Creelman, representative of the family in the fifth generation in Canada. Mr. and Mrs. Creelman hold membership in St. Paul’s Presbyterian church of Montreal, and he is a prominent club man, belonging to the University, Engineers, Royal Montreal Golf, Thistle Curling and Canadian Clubs of Montreal; the University and Military Clubs of Toronto; and the Junior Army and Navy Club of London, England. In addition to a residence in Montreal he has a country home at Mont Tremblant, where the summer seasons are spent.

THOMAS PHILLIPS.

Thomas Phillips, remembered as one of the builders of the Rideau canal and as the holder of extensive property interests in Montreal, was born in Woodbury, Devonshire, England. He became a resident of Montreal about 1808 and for a time was engaged in the brewing business. The years chronicled the growth of his business both in extent and importance and he had attained a position of prominence that recommended him for onerous responsibilities when the Rideau canal project was under way. He became one of the builders of the canal and in that and in other connections was a very active man. Early and judicious investments in real estate made him the owner of much valuable property, including a tract of land extending from the foot of the mountain to Lagauchetiere West, including what is now Beaver Hall Hill and Phillips square, the latter named in honor of the family. Their home, a palatial residence, was situated on Beaver Hall Hill.

Mr. Phillips married Miss Martha Anderson, a native of New England, and they became the parents of nine children: George, Eleanor, Thomas, Alfred, Martha, Mrs. Julia Ashworth, William, Esther and Mrs. Elizabeth Capel. Of these, only Miss Esther Phillips is now living. The father died in 1842, while the mother, long surviving him, passed away in 1881. They were members of the English Cathedral church and Mr. Phillips was a most public-spirited man who recognized the needs and opportunities of his city and sought to compass the former and utilize the latter. He was numbered among those of the early half of the nineteenth century who laid the foundation upon which has been built the present prosperity and greatness of the city.

GEORGE ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL, K. C.

George Archibald Campbell, head of the legal firm of Campbell, McMaster & Papineau, of Montreal, was born in this city, September 26, 1875, a son of the Rev. Robert Campbell, D. D., an ex-moderator of the general assembly of the Presbyterian church in Canada and for more than fifty years one of the foremost divines of that denomination. His mother was the late Margaret (Macdonnell) Campbell. Both parents were of Scotch descent and were members of families prominent in the clerical and legal professions.

George Archibald Campbell supplemented his course of study in the Montreal high school by a course in McGill University, where he was graduated with first rank honors in 1896, upon the completion of the arts’ course. In preparation for the bar he then entered the law department and won his B. C. L. degree in 1901. He received the Macdonald traveling scholarship in law and he supplemented his instruction received at McGill by attending lectures at the Universities of Paris, Grenoble and Montpelier, France. He received his practical legal education largely under the direction of Donald Macmaster, K. C., M. P., and was called to the bar in July, 1901. Subsequently he became a member of the firm of Macmaster, Hickson & Campbell and entered upon the active practice of his profession, in which he has now continued for thirteen years, his record being marked by an orderly progression that has brought him to an enviable position as a representative of the Montreal bar. He is now practicing as the senior partner in the legal firm of Campbell, McMaster & Papineau. In May, 1912, he was created a king’s counsel by Lieutenant Governor Langelier.

On the 20th of January, 1909, Mr. Campbell was married in Montreal to Miss Amy G. Dawson, elder daughter of William V. Dawson, head of the importing and manufacturing company of W. V. Dawson, Limited, of Montreal. Their religious faith is evidenced by their membership in the Presbyterian church. Mr. Campbell’s political views accord with the principles of the conservative party, and he is a member of the Liberal-Conservative Club. Something of the nature of his interests and recreation outside the strict path of his profession or in the field of citizenship is shown through his membership in the Montreal, University, Beaconsfield Golf, Hermitage Country and Canadian Clubs. He is also a member of the Montreal Art Association. He finds enjoyment in golf and in motorboating and also takes delight in amateur farming, all of which constitute an even balance to his intense professional activity.

WALTER JAMES PRENDERGAST, M. D.

Dr. Walter James Prendergast, a successful practicing physician, well read and holding ever to high professional standards, was born in August, 1857, at Cote des Neiges, before it became a part of Montreal. His father, Walter Prendergast, leaving his native Ireland, came to Canada in early life and for a number of years conducted a hotel at Cote des Neiges, but retired many years prior to his death. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Joanna Griffith, was a representative of an old family of Sherbrooke, Quebec.

Dr. Walter J. Prendergast pursued his education at St. Mary’s, from which he received the degree of B. A., and afterward spent three years as a student in McGill University, but finished his professional course at Bishop’s College, from which he was graduated with the M. D. degree in 1880. He remained throughout his later career a close student of his profession and thus his knowledge constantly broadened. Immediately following his graduation he began practice in Cote des Neiges and after ten years spent there removed to the city of Montreal, remaining in practice on St. Denis Street until his death. His widow and children returned to the old family home on Cote des Neiges road, where they now reside. Dr. Prendergast was a general practitioner and was much interested in his profession. In fact, anything which tended to bring to man the key to the complex mystery which we call life was of interest to him and he ever read broadly upon subjects having to do with the safeguarding and restoration of health. In his professional capacity he did great good and was very charitable, for he would respond again and again to the call of the needy even when he knew there was no chance of remuneration for his services.

In Montreal, in 1892, Dr. Prendergast was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Scanlan, a daughter of Michael and Alice (Duggan) Scanlan. The latter, born in Montreal, was a daughter of Patrick Duggan, for many years a contractor of this city. For a half century Mr. Scanlan was connected with the growth of the import and export trade of this country. When seventeen years of age, or in 1857, he entered the service of David Torrance & Company and in 1872, when the Dominion line was established, he became wharf superintendent, which position he held until his death. During that period he was tireless in the faithful performance of his duty and in carrying out the wishes and furthering the interests of the corporation which he represented. Whether in Montreal, in Portland, Maine, or in Boston, Massachusetts, or wherever his duties called him he was the same genial, courteous gentleman, ever watchful of the interests under his care. He died October 20, 1907, at the age of sixty-seven years.

Dr. and Mrs. Prendergast became the parents of four children who survive, namely: Aileen, Walter Francis, Harold and Kathleen. Dr. Prendergast was a man of domestic habits, devoted to the welfare of his family. He was public-spirited and was interested in all those things which work for good and progress. In politics he was a liberal. He was a communicant of St. Agnes Catholic church, and belonged to the Knights of Columbus.

Dr. Prendergast passed away January 21, 1910. Those who knew him--and he had an extensive acquaintance--entertained for him warm regard and many there are who have reason to bless his memory because of timely aid which he rendered them. His practice extended among the poor as well as the rich because of his benevolent nature and it is probable that he derived greater satisfaction from his ministrations to the former than to the latter, for his kindly spirit prompted him to reach out in helpfulness at all times.

EDOUARD BIRON.

Edouard Biron, a prominent representative of the notarial profession, having been appointed secretary of the board of notaries for the district of Montreal on the 10th of July, 1912, was born on the 20th of August, 1877, in the city which is still his place of residence, his father being Samuel Biron, who was a wholesale grocer, conducting business at the corner of McGill and Notre Dame Streets up to the time of his death in December, 1883. The mother was Dame Philomene Olivier.

Edouard Biron was a student in St. Mary’s College in Montreal until graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in June, 1897. He next entered Laval University, where he won the LL. D. degree in June, 1900. He became a notary in July of the same year, practicing alone until February, 1903, when he formed a partnership with J. A. Savignac under the name of Biron & Savignac, an association which was maintained for more than ten years, or until September, 1913. On the 1st of that month the present firm of Biron, Savignac, Coderre & Poirier was formed. In addition to the business of that firm Mr. Biron, as previously stated, is acting as secretary of the board of notaries for the district of Montreal, through appointment received in July, 1912. He stands as a prominent representative of his profession and one whose ability in this line is unquestioned. As he has prospered he has made investment in property and is holder of some valuable Montreal real estate.

On the 1st of September, 1902, Mr. Biron was married to Miss Blanche Fleury, a daughter of the late A. Fleury, who was a merchant of Montreal. Mr. and Mrs. Biron are the parents of four children: Germaine, ten years of age; Roger, eight years; Marcel, six years; and Suzanne, a little maiden of five summers. The religious faith of the family is that of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. Biron is general secretary of L’Association St. Jean Baptiste de Montreal and he belongs to the St. Denis and Canadian Clubs and the Club Canadien of Montreal.

EDMUND PHILLIPS HANNAFORD.

Edmund Phillips Hannaford engraved his name high on the roll of the promoters of railway interests in Canada. To no other single agency is progress so largely indebted as to railway building and thus it is that E. P. Hannaford deserves to be numbered among the public benefactors of his country. Throughout his entire life he was connected with railway projects and the superb engineering department of the Grand Trunk system is largely a monument to his skill, ability and sagacity. A native of Devonshire, England, Mr. Hannaford was born at Stoke Gabriel, on the 12th of December, 1834, and he was a youth of but seventeen years when he entered the railway service as draftsman and assistant under Sir I. K. Brunel. Through the succeeding four years he was a member of the engineering corps of the South Devon Railway and in 1856 he became identified with the development of railway projects in Canada. Following his arrival in the new world he became connected with the Grand Trunk Railway and acted as assistant engineer of the company from 1857 until 1866. In the latter year he was appointed chief engineer of the western division and further promotion awaited him in his appointment in 1869 to the position of chief engineer of the company. He remained in that connection for twenty-seven years, resigning from active work in 1896. He was in charge of the engineering department during the period of the greatest development of the railway and managed the construction of all new lines and stations of the company. His particular talent made him very successful in drawing up the plans of yards or overcoming any difficulty in the way of construction. No better proof of his work can be given than the fact that it is now generally admitted that the Grand Trunk has one of the best lines of any railway in Canada. The general offices at Point St. Charles were also erected under his direction.

In addition to his work in connection with the Grand Trunk Railway Mr. Hannaford in 1879 was named chief engineer of the Montreal & Champlain Junction Railway. Ten years before he had been chief engineer of the International bridge and in 1883 he became chief engineer of the Jacques Cartier Union and United States and Canada Railways.

It was in 1859, in Belleville, Ontario, that Mr. Hannaford was united in marriage to Miss Mary W. Roy, a daughter of Robert Maitland Roy, of Scotland, who became a resident of Belleville in 1837. He served in the war of the rebellion in defense of his country’s interests and long held public office, serving for a quarter of a century as town clerk. Mr. and Mrs. Hannaford became the parents of seven children, of whom four survived the father: Elizabeth, who was Mrs. Harry B. Eastty, of Mount Vernon, New York, and died August 3, 1913; R. Maitland, assistant chief engineer of the Montreal Street Railway Company; Edmund P., who is located at Corpus Christi, Texas; and Miss Mary R. Hannaford, at home.

Mr. Hannaford belonged to the Church of St. James the Apostle and his social nature found expression in his membership in the St. James Club. He was a public-spirited man, deeply interested in all that pertained to the welfare and upbuilding of Canada, yet his tastes inclined him to domesticity and in the home circle he was a most devoted husband and father. He was a man of fine personal appearance and impressive manner, yet withal was most genial and affable, and, wherever he went and formed acquaintanceship, it constituted the beginning of warm and enduring friendships.

Mr. Hannaford died August 18, 1902.

ROBERT CARLYLE JAMIESON.

Robert Carlyle Jamieson, who stood as a man among men, ready to meet any obligation of life with the confidence and courage that come of conscious personal ability, right conception of things and an habitual regard for what is best in the exercise of human activities, was born in Glengarry, Ontario, in 1836. He was a cousin of Thomas Carlyle, philosopher and historian, and a son of William Jamieson, a gentleman farmer, who married Jean Brodie, also a native of Scotland, and on coming to Canada settled in Glengarry.

Their son Robert Carlyle Jamieson pursued his education in the place of his nativity to the age of sixteen years, when he left home and taught school at Hawkesbury. In 1856 he came to Montreal and thereafter to the time of his death, which occurred almost a half century later, he was a resident of this city. He built up a large and profitable business through his industry, thrift and unfaltering honesty. It was in 1858 that he began the manufacture of varnish on St. Thomas Street, there establishing a plant that is yet conducted by the firm. In 1882 he purchased the plant of the Baylis Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of paints and colors, and later bought the plant of P. D. Dodds & Company at St. Patrick and Island Streets, where the main office is now located. Thus the business has steadily grown and developed, Mr. Jamieson remaining the active head of the firm to the time of his demise. Year by year the trade has increased until it today extends all over Canada and a branch office is maintained in Vancouver, British Columbia. Mr. Jamieson devoted his entire life to the upbuilding and control of this industry, which is still conducted by his sons under the style of the R. C. Jamieson Company, Ltd. It became one of the chief productive industries of the city and constituted and still remains a source of gratifying revenue to the stockholders.

In 1863, in Montreal, Mr. Jamieson was married to Miss Harriet Josephine McGowan, who was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, a daughter of John H. McGowan, who on leaving his native place, Aberdeen, Scotland, settled at Cincinnati, Ohio, but during the early ’60s removed to Montreal. Mr. and Mrs. Jamieson had a family of seven children, all of whom survive: Harriet A., now Mrs. W. de M. Marler; Helen L., the wife of A. W. Cochrane; Dr. William Hoves; Walter Lockhart; Robert Harry; Frederick Carlyle; and Ernest Temple. The death of the husband and father occurred February 17, 1905.

Mr. Jamieson was a man who occupied an honorable and enviable position in the regard of his fellows. His life work was permeated by noble and upright principles and he was untiring in his efforts to do good. He was one of the original governors of the House of Industry and Reform and for twenty years he was treasurer of the Congregational College. He served as deacon in Emanuel church and was one of the first trustees when the house of worship was erected in 1875. At one time he served on the council of the Board of Trade and he was one of the first members of both the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association and the Montreal Curling Club. He was solicited to accept many important offices, both city and provincial, but refused, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his business interests and duties and his activities in behalf of his fellow men along the lines of reform, intellectual progress and moral development.

JOHN KEITH MACDONALD.

Although a native of Scotland, born in Kintyre, John Keith Macdonald spent almost his entire active life in Montreal, where he arrived when a youth of sixteen years. He believed that better business opportunities awaited him on this side of the Atlantic and he made his initial step as an apprentice at the machinist’s trade under his uncle, John Boyd. Applying himself closely to the tasks assigned him, his knowledge and skill developed day by day until he became an expert workman in that line. Laudable ambition prompted the development of his latent powers and awakened in him the desire to engage in business on his own account, so that eventually he organized the firm of J. K. Macdonald, general machinists and contractors for iron work. Mr. Macdonald continually added to his knowledge through experience, reading and investigation along his chosen line and he continued in the business until his death, becoming one of the well known and leading representatives of industrial activity in Montreal.

In Montreal, in 1867, Mr. Macdonald was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Mackay, a daughter of Norman Mackay, of Glengarry, where he was born and spent his life. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Macdonald were born six children, five of whom are living, Mrs. Janette Macfarlane, Norman, Duncan, George and Margaret. The family circle was broken by the hand of death when Mr. Macdonald passed away at the age of sixty-three years. He was a Presbyterian in religious faith and his life was passed in consistent harmony with his professions, making him a man whom to know was to respect and honor.

COLONEL EDWARD ASHWORTH WHITEHEAD.

Colonel Edward Ashworth Whitehead, for many years one of the best known insurance agents and brokers of Montreal, his native city, was born April 16, 1845, and was here educated. He was the head of E. A. Whitehead & Company, insurance agents and brokers, for many years and thus became widely known in financial circles. In this connection he helped to build up the great insurance business conducted under the name of The E. A. Whitehead Company, Limited.

He had perhaps an even wider acquaintance through his military connections, for his military career was long, distinguished and honorable. He was one of the oldest officers in the volunteer military service in the Dominion and as original member of the Victoria Rifles he rose from the ranks to the command of the regiment and was placed on the list of reserve officers in 1876. He was on active duty during the Fenian raids from 1866 until 1870, was present at Eccles Hill and for his service received a general service medal with two clasps, while his active duty at the time of the Northwest rebellion in 1885 also won him a medal. He was chief transport officer under Colonel Middleton and held a long service decoration and he was a member of the Royal Commission on Canadian War Claims in 1885-6.

Colonel Whitehead was a veteran amateur athlete, was one of the founders of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association and its first honorary president. In 1908 he was a member of the Canadian Olympic Games Committee and he was also a director of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. In Club circles he was long popular and prominent, holding membership in the Mount Royal Club; the St. James Club, of which he served as chairman; the Royal Montreal Golf Club; Forest and Stream Club; Montreal Hunt Club; Montreal Jockey Club; Montreal Curling Club; Montreal Polo Club; St. George Snow Shoe Club; the Isleway Club; the Military Institute; and the Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Club.

The end came to Colonel Whitehead September 7, 1912. He seemed almost to the last in the prime of life, his fine figure being erect and soldierly, and the years rested lightly upon him. His eye could still sweep down the long lines of the regiment, his step was elastic and he was enjoying life in all the mental riches that follow a career of activity and usefulness. The Victoria Rifles felt great pride in his brilliant record and in that regiment he was an outstanding figure, a symbol of duty well done, while his memory will ever be to them an inspiration for loyalty in the King’s service. In January, 1912, he was the leading figure at the dinner given by the regiment to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of its organization. He had been one of the first to spring to the colors when the corps was organized and had carried those colors in many fields. Even as in his youth, ready to fight for his flag, Colonel Whitehead was as willing to go to its defense in later years, when it might have been supposed that the fire of youth had died down. Years rolled onward, changes came and brought with them the boy scout movement. This appealed strongly to his military spirit and he entered heartily into the work of supporting and furthering the cause. Money was needed; he supplied it. He also raised the money for the trip to Europe a few years ago. He had always loved boys, the military had always been dear to him and in the boy scout movement these two were combined.

Colonel Whitehead was a man to whom a worthy appeal was never made in vain. His heart took in a great circle of friends and his purse was open to all calls of charity.

In the field of sport he was well to the front. In early manhood he was an excellent lacrosse player and old timers remember the games in which he participated against the Shamrocks for the Claxton flags in the early ’60s. He was also a splendid sprinter, making a notable record in the hundred-yard dash. This love of sport he retained to the last and he was a life member of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, of which he at one time served as president.

Trouble did not pass him by, but through all he was the same kindly, upright gentleman, maintaining a high sense of duty and honor. In 1899 death robbed him of his wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Whitehead, daughter of William Newcomb, whom he had married in 1868; and his son, E. A. Whitehead, Jr., died in 1908.

Edward Ashworth Whitehead, Jr., son of Colonel Edward Ashworth Whitehead, was born in Montreal in 1869 and acquired his education in England and in Kingston, Ontario, where he was graduated with honors at the Royal Military College. He was connected with The E. A. Whitehead Company, Limited, and for many years was a special agent for Montreal of the Phoenix Assurance Company, Limited, of London and was as popular in business as he was in social circles.

Mr. Whitehead, Jr., married Miss May Sicotte, a daughter of Victor Benjamin Sicotte, district magistrate at St. Hyacinthe and a granddaughter of Hon. Louis Sicotte, premier of Canada. Three children were born to them: Edward Ashworth, who is the third of the name to continue the business of The E. A. Whitehead Company, Limited; George Victor, a student at Bishop’s College School; and Margaret Whitehead.

ROBERT LINTON.

Robert Linton became well known in the business circles of Montreal in connection with the manufacture of woolen goods. He was regarded as a resourceful business man whose enterprise, progress and laudable ambition were constantly manifest in the success which he won. A native of Ireland, he was born in Newtown-Limavady in 1834, a son of Samuel and Martha Linton, who brought their family to the new world during the boyhood of their son, Robert. Settling in Montreal, their remaining days were passed in this city but both have long since departed this life.

Robert Linton acquired his education in the schools of Montreal and received his business training with the firm of William Stephen & Company. Of that firm Lord Mount Stephen was a partner and eventually took over the business upon the death of the senior member of the firm. Continuing in active connection with the business Robert Linton grew in usefulness and capability, as he thoroughly acquainted himself with the duties that devolved upon him. After the death of William Stephen the business was conducted by George Stephen & Company for some time and Mr. Linton was admitted to partnership in 1857. Upon the retirement of George Stephen, later Lord Mount Stephen, the business of the firm of George Stephen & Company was combined with that of Andrew Robertson under the firm style of Robertson, Linton & Company, this connection continuing until 1898, when the business was closed out.

Mr. Linton was married twice. At Three Rivers, Quebec, he wedded Miss Margaret McDougall, and they became the parents of six children, as follows: Robert M., deceased; Margaret M., who is Mrs. Denaston Breakey, of Breakeyville, Quebec; Ernest, a resident of Ottawa; Agnes H, who is Mrs. F. N. Southam, of Montreal; Percy L., deceased; and Alice L., who married Herbert Carter, of Montreal. The second marriage of Robert Linton was also celebrated at Three Rivers, Miss Margaret Paterson, daughter of John Paterson, becoming his wife on the 20th of October, 1886.

Mr. Linton was ever actively interested in those projects and measures bearing upon the progress, upbuilding and development of the city as well as upon his business affairs. He was widely recognized as an honorable and upright man, in whose life there were no esoteric phases. He was a member of the Montreal Board of Trade, a life governor of the Montreal General Hospital, and a justice of the peace for a few years before his death. He passed away in November, 1899, after having gained for himself a most creditable position in business circles and in the regard of his fellowmen.

ARTHUR O’CONNELL KAVANAGH.

A history of the insurance business in Montreal would be incomplete without mention of Arthur O. Kavanagh, who for many years figured prominently in connection therewith. He was one of the city’s native sons, born April 12, 1860, and in its schools pursued his education, while in the school of experience he also learned many valuable and practical lessons, thus constantly adding to his knowledge and ability. The family name indicates his Irish lineage and he manifested the sterling characteristics of the race. He was engaged in business with his brother, Walter Kavanagh, and they became prominent figures in insurance circles, representing the Scottish Union & National Insurance Company, the German-American Insurance Company and the Rochester German Insurance Company, of which they were chief agents. Arthur Kavanagh familiarized himself with every phase of the business and had gained a most creditable position as an alert progressive man and one ready to meet any emergency in business, when death called him on the 14th of September, 1896, when he was yet in the prime of life.

He had been married in Montreal less than five years before, having on the 7th of October, 1891, wedded Alice Mullin, a native of this city and a daughter of Patrick Mullin, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this publication. They became the parents of three sons: Harold Henry; Arthur Patrick, who died at the age of six years; and Walter John. Deep regret was felt at the passing of Mr. Kavanagh, because of his comparatively early age and because he had gained a firm hold upon the affectionate regard of his business associates and his many friends.

PATRICK MULLIN.

Patrick Mullin had traveled life’s journey for more than four score years when he was called from this life on the 14th of August, 1913. He was a native of Tyrone, Ireland, and for more than six decades was a resident of Montreal, arriving in this city in 1850. He was associated with various business enterprises. With his brother, James E. Mullin, he became associated with another brother, John Mullin, who had, in 1845, established a wholesale grocery business, which they conducted on College Street, now St. Paul Street. There they built up a very extensive and successful enterprise, their patronage constantly growing, as their trade interests extended over a wide territory. In the early years of the business there were practically no railroads in this section of the continent, while means of water transportation were but slightly developed. They hauled much of their stock with teams and, notwithstanding the difficulties involved, they were enterprising enough to compete for business as far west as Toronto. Their merchandise was taken from Montreal to that city by team, the journey requiring two weeks. John Mullin died in 1853, after which the business was conducted by James E. and Patrick Mullin, under the firm name of J. E. Mullin & Company. Both brothers had great faith in the ultimate growth and prosperity of the city and because of this they made large investments in real estate, gradually acquiring the ownership of the block upon which they conducted their business, extending from the rear of the Grand Trunk offices to the Haymarket. Patrick Mullin also invested in other real estate until his holdings were extensive and important. The large block which the brothers acquired on St. Paul and William Streets later became the location of the present plant of the Canada Cold Storage Company and Mr. Mullin became a pioneer in that line of business in the city. He was a man of indefatigable energy and strong purpose and as the years passed on he carried forward to successful completion whatever he undertook.

Mr. Mullin was united in marriage, in Montreal, to Alice O’Neil, a native of County Tyrone, Ireland. She died on November 29, 1903, the mother of seven children, as follows: Mary A., the wife of Joseph A. Cloran, of Boston, Massachusetts; Margaret J.; Alice, the widow of Arthur O. Kavanagh; John F., who died in March, 1904, aged twenty-nine years; Patrick; Elizabeth M., who is Mrs. Harry J. Trihey; and Emma M., wife of William J. Hart.

A long and useful life was Mr. Mullin’s. He was a man of quiet habits, but greatly enjoyed a good game of forty-five. In manner he was always courteous, kindly, and considerate to others. In religious faith he was a Catholic and devoted much time to increasing the usefulness of St. Bridget’s Home and of St. Patrick’s Asylum, being a trustee of the latter institution. He gave liberally to the church and did everything in his power to promote its influence.

ROSAIRE DUPUIS.

Rosaire Dupuis, one of the rising young notaries of Montreal, is a son of Louis Napoleon Dupuis and Melanie Panet Levesque. The father is ex-controller of Montreal and one of the founders of the well known mercantile house of Dupuis Freres, Limited. The mother of Rosaire Dupuis is a daughter of the late Pierre Thomas Levesque and comes from a family that has for generations been prominent in the judicial and legislative history of the province and Dominion. Mr. Dupuis was born in the parish of La Longue Pointe on the 17th of October, 1888. He made his classical course at L’Assomption College, from which he was graduated in 1908 with the degree of Bachelor of Science. He then took up the study of law in Laval University in 1908 and won his LL. L. degree upon graduation with the class of June, 1911. During the summer seasons of 1909 and 1910 he attended the famous Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York, where he was graduated with honors on the 30th of August, 1910. During the succeeding year he traveled abroad, visiting the Holy Land and many European countries.

In January, 1912, Mr. Dupuis began practice and has met with gratifying success in following his profession, in which he is well versed. He is a conservative in politics and a Roman Catholic in religious belief. He holds membership with the Canadian Club, the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association and the Knights of Columbus, and for the past two years has been secretary of the Anti-Alcoholic League. During the years 1909 and 1910 at Laval he was secretary of the Laval Students-at-Law. He is a young man of promise as well as a credit to one of Montreal’s best families.

DONALD ALEXANDER SMITH.

Donald Alexander Smith, Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, whose career has been so wonderful as to appear almost magical, was born on August 6, 1820, in the ancient town of Forres, in Morayshire, Scotland. His father, Alexander Smith, was a small tradesman of Archieston and was born in the parish of Knocando. He married Barbara Stuart, of Leanchoil, Abernethy, a capable, thrifty woman, ambitious for her children. It was her desire that her son Donald should prepare for the bar, but, though he did not see fit to follow this wish, the mother heart never lost faith in her son and it was said that after he came to Canada as a fur trader she was frequently heard to remark: “They’ll all be proud of my Donald yet.” It was said that in boyhood he was shy, yet amiable, and displayed sturdy resolution and even hardihood if circumstances called those qualities forth. After leaving school he took up the study of law, his reading being directed by Robert Watson, solicitor, for two or three years. At length, however, he determined to enter the service of the Hudson’s Bay Company, influenced somewhat by a previous suggestion made by John Stuart, his uncle, who was then visiting Scotland. In 1838 he sailed for the new world and after a voyage of between forty and fifty days upon an eight hundred ton vessel, one of the largest on the seas at that time, he landed on Canadian shores. The rebellion of Mackenzie and Papineau had just been suppressed. Donald A. Smith at once entered the service of the Hudson’s Bay Company, but in a minor position. He met various hardships, but he proved his fidelity to the company as well as his capability in performing every service intrusted to him. He was first sent to the Labrador coast, where he spent thirteen years in a cold, bleak, barren, desolate region, with no companionship save a few employes, but during that period he learned the business methods of the company, how to manage Indians and how to secure the best returns. It has been said that power grows through the exercise of effort and year by year Donald Smith became more powerful. The hardships which he was forced to endure developed him. There is probably no other country in the world where there exists a longer or more dangerous postal route for men and dogs--two thousand miles of land travel from Quebec to Ungava in the depth of an Arctic winter, continuing from December until June--yet Lord Strathcona covered that route not once but many times.

His apprenticeship was, indeed, a difficult one, but he was undeterred by all obstacles he encountered and privations which he endured. At length, however, his eyesight became impaired, making it necessary that he go to Montreal for treatment. He covered the journey from Labrador by dog sled and on his arrival in Montreal he was greeted by Sir George Simpson, governor of the company, with the remark: “Well, young man, why are you not at your post?” “My eyes, sir,” came the reply, and he pointed to his blue goggles; “they got so very bad I have come to see a doctor.” But the governor thundered: “And who gave you permission to leave your post?” It would have taken a full year to obtain official consent, but when Mr. Smith was forced to reply, “No one,” the governor answered: “If it is a question between your eyes and your service in the Hudson’s Bay Company you will take my advice and return this instant to your post,” and Mr. Smith started almost immediately upon that return journey of nearly a thousand miles. The weather became so bad that both of his Indians succumbed to the cold and he arrived at the post more dead than alive. He once remarked: “A man who has been frozen and roasted by turns every year must be the tougher for it if he survived it at all.” Donald A. Smith did survive and advanced steadily. He learned the dialect of a number of Indian tribes and he so managed business affairs that his services were ever a matter of profit to the company. His advancement was slow at first, but his worth was eventually recognized and promotion came quicker. His duties were many and onerous because of his remoteness from civilization. He was called upon to minister to the sick and half a century later, when speaking to the students of the Middlesex Hospital in London he described the antiseptic which he used in Labrador in the ’40s, saying: “It was a primitive and somewhat rude form of treatment that was practiced in those days before Lord Lister introduced his discovery. For the treatment of wounds, ulcerated sores, etc., a pulp was made by boiling the inner bark of the juniper tree. The liquor which resulted was used for washing and treating the wounds and the bark, beaten into a plastic mass, was applied after the thorough cleaning of the wound, forming a soft cushion, lending itself to every inequality of the sore. Scrupulous cleanliness was observed and fresh material used for every application.”

When in Labrador, at the age of twenty-nine years, Donald A. Smith married Isabella Sophia Hardisty, with whom he traveled life’s journey for sixty-five years, separated in her death, which occurred in London in 1913. In the meantime he was advancing from one post to another in the service of the Hudson’s Bay Company, becoming trader and then chief trader, while his splendid administrative ability won him further promotion to factor and to chief factor. In 1851 he was transferred to the Northwest provinces and became most active in their later development. He eventually reached the position of supreme head of the company, becoming the last resident governor of the corporation that had its beginning under the Merry Monarch. The year 1868 witnessed his arrival in Montreal, as chief executive for the Hudson’s Bay Company. He is described at that time as “a man of middle stature, rather slight in build, and looked not at all the typical northerner, except when one studied his countenance.” “The snow tan of the north had made him dark as an Indian. He wore a full beard, black and wiry. Black brows met above his eyes, enhancing the stern, uncompromising aspect of his face. He looked what he was--a commander of men and of forces, a man made strong by a life of struggle and conquest in the wilderness.” He had not yet become a wealthy man, although he had saved his money and had invested it in land at various points in the northwest--land that many would have regarded as valueless. With wonderful prescience he discerned something of what the future had in store for that great country and with the growth of its population and the onrushing tide of civilization his holdings increased in value, making him one of Canada’s more prosperous citizens.

While Donald A. Smith had reached the pinnacle of service in connection with the Hudson’s Bay Company when he came to Montreal, he was destined to gain equal eminence in other directions. In the interests of the Canadian Confederation it was seen that the title to the territory of the Hudson’s Bay Company in Rupert’s Land must pass to the crown and a purchase was arranged whereby the company received a million dollars and large reserves of land, although the transfer was not made without great difficulty and danger, culminating in what has been known as the Red River rebellion, or the first Riel rebellion.

Discontented people of that region had been trying to produce an agitation that would separate their settlement from that of the Hudson’s Bay Company. The rapid growth of population in Assiniboia was imperilling the company’s hold and its rule, hitherto wise and practical, was denounced as arbitrary. A contemporary biographer has written:

“Better representation was demanded and, by dint of much uproar and noise, considerable sympathy was obtained from outside. To understand fully the character of this Red River settlement it must be explained that the population was considerably mixed. In all there were about twelve thousand souls. There were Europeans, Canadians, Americans and French half-breeds. With a mixed population like this it was difficult to deal and when, on November 9, 1869, the deed was signed in London, whereby the company surrendered its interests in the northwest to the crown, with reservations for the company, rebellion broke out. The leader was the famous Louis Riel, a Metis, described as ‘a short, stout man, with a large head, a square cut, massive forehead overhung by a mass of long and thickly clustering hair and marked with well cut eyebrows--altogether a remarkable looking face.’

“The Hon. William McDougall had been appointed lieutenant governor of Rupert’s Land and the Northwest territories in September, 1869, but when he went, by way of the United States, to possess himself of his power he was turned back on the borders of his domain by Louis Riel and his followers, the Metis of the plains, who absolutely refused to recognize his authority on the ground that they had not been consulted in the new arrangement. Mr. McDougall found himself unable to cope with the situation and was compelled to remain at a farm house several miles south of the boundary line for six weeks.

“Meanwhile the armed resistance to authority had attained serious proportions. Riel seized Fort Garry, made the editor of the local paper prisoner and was issuing proclamations to the inhabitants. So matters went on until sixty of Riel’s enemies were confined in Fort Garry and the insurgents’ flag hoisted.

“Meanwhile in his office in Montreal Donald A. Smith was slowly but surely studying the position. Understanding the character of both McDougall and Riel, he saw how hopeless the situation was. Understanding them better than they understood themselves, he realized that what was needed was a man who knew the inner mind of the company well and could clear its character of the imputations cast upon it. He was the man--he felt it and although the journey involved grave personal risk he resolved to go. The government promptly accepted his services and he was appointed special commissioner to proceed at once to Fort Garry.

“With characteristic courage he went unarmed and almost alone. No sooner had he arrived at Fort Garry than he was treated as a prisoner of ‘President’ Riel. That, however, did not check his determination. He had made up his mind to avoid bloodshed and yet to enforce the decision of the government. To quote his own words: ‘The part I had to act was that of a mediator. Not only would one rash or unguarded word have increased the difficulty but even the pointing of a finger might, on more than one occasion, have been sufficient to put the whole country in a flame.’ But the unguarded word was never spoken, the finger was never pointed in a wrong direction and the rebellion ended in a bloodless expedition. Yet before Sir Garnet Wolseley marched to the Red river many a heated discussion was held and probably never before in history has a regularly ordained meeting been held in British territory under such conditions. If the moral atmosphere was warmly excited, the physical atmosphere was depressed enough to chill the fiercest rebels.

“The first meeting was a memorable one. In the open air, with the thermometer twenty degrees below zero, a cruel, biting wind penetrating through the warmest clothing, there they stood, men of all nationalities and ages. On the small, raised platform were the four most concerned in the rebellion--Riel, O’Donoghue, De Salaberry (a man beloved by thousands) and Donald A. Smith. At first the meeting was wholly with Riel, who cleverly got himself appointed French interpreter. But when things were at their worst and men of the opposite sides glared at each other with hate in their eyes, Mr. Smith rose to speak. His facts, his practical wisdom and, above all, his reasonableness had their effect upon the swaying multitude. If he did not gain much that day, at any rate he averted bloodshed.

“In the open air, with the thermometer twenty degrees below zero, in the teeth of a biting blast, this meeting was conducted with a respect for decorum and ancient parliamentary methods worthy of Westminster itself.

“The next day things went better. The proposition that representatives should be chosen from both sides was accepted, and when Riel agreed to disband the men at Fort Garry all classes felt that the worst was over. However, matters were not so easily arranged. Riel broke his word and the murder of a young man named Scott complicated the situation. Nevertheless, the excitement slowly cooled and there is little doubt that but for the tactful courage of Mr. Smith a spark would have been put to the flame of rebellion.

“‘I am as certain as I can be of anything,’ said Dr. O’Donnell, one of the old timers of Winnipeg, who was at Fort Garry in 1869, ‘that Donald A. Smith saved the northwest of Canada. On December 10, 1869, he was appointed a special commissioner to explain to the people of the Red River settlement the principles on which the government of Canada intended to govern the country and to take such steps as he might consider necessary to bring about a peaceable transfer from the Hudson’s Bay Company to the Dominion. At that time everything was in confusion; Mr. McDougall had been refused admission, Riel was king, an American element was trying to bring about the annexation of the settlement to the United States and last but not least the Indians were disaffected. When he reached Fort Garry Mr. Smith was virtually made a prisoner, Riel would not allow him to go outside the fort and kept an eye on his correspondence. In January, 1870, a mass meeting was held at Fort Garry and Mr. Smith was allowed to state his case and tell what he wanted the people to do. Riel was present, together with O’Donoghue and other insurrectionaries. It was a critical moment, I assure you; in fact, when Mr. Smith got up to read his commission from Sir John Young most of those present expected to see him arrested or shot on the spot. As it was he had a stormy time, but managed to impress many of the hot-headed with the belief that the interests of the settlement would be properly safeguarded by Canada. Riel was afraid of Mr. Smith’s influence and at once hurried on preparations for having himself made president of a provisional government. Then came the wholesale arrests culminating in the murder of Thomas Scott. Mr. Smith risked his life in an attempt to save Scott. Notwithstanding Riel’s antipathy to him, he went boldly to Riel and pleaded for Scott, even going so far as to warn Riel that if Scott was shot his blood would be upon his head. Riel was intoxicated with power and more than half disposed to shoot others on the loyal side, but Mr. Smith told him to his teeth that such a crime would not go unpunished.

“‘In the discussions that took place over the Bill of Rights to be sent to Ottawa, the chief part was borne by Mr. Smith. His coolness and sagacity undoubtedly prevented the collapse of the negotiations. “This man Smith,” said O’Donoghue at one stage, “knows too much for us, he is too able for us. We must get rid of him or the northwest cannot be made either an independent republic or part of the United States. He is a Hudson’s Bay Company officer and as such a friend of the half-breeds, and will be able to persuade them that union with Canada is to their interest.” It was a wonder all along that Mr. Smith was not shot. He was warned often enough that his life was in danger, but seemed quite willing to risk it in behalf of the cause he represented. A good many English-speaking settlers, while loyal enough, did not at first care to belong to Canada; they thought Rupert’s Land would be better off as a crown colony than as a Canadian province and Mr. Smith had to convince them that they were mistaken. In reality, therefore, he was between two fires--the Riel or disaffected party and the loyalists who did not favor the idea of confederation--whilst, as I have said, there was an American element working for annexation.

“‘At a later period when Governor Archibald came in (September 2, 1870), Mr. Smith rendered services to Canada of the highest moment. The Governor did not receive a very cordial reception, but Mr. Smith, who accompanied him, set about the work of conciliating the French, the old time English-speaking settlers and the new or Canadian settlers, who constituted three distinct factions. Mr. Archibald frequently told me that but for Mr. Smith the little community would have been torn to pieces by intestine strife. He was the one man who brought the northwest into Canada, who, indeed, saved it to the British empire, and we think he should get credit, even at this late day, for so great a work.’

“Many are the anecdotes concerning Mr. Smith’s dangerous mission to Fort Garry during the first Riel rebellion and of the commencement of his political career in the far west.”

With Sir Garnet Wolseley were Captain Buller, afterward General Sir Redvers, and Lieutenant Butler, afterward General Sir William. The tyranny of Riel had become irksome to the people, who received the newcomers joyously, and at the approach of the “red coats” Riel, with his co-conspirators, fled, taking up his position on the shores of St. Boniface. All was now quiet in the settlement, the purchase price of one million, five hundred thousand dollars had been paid and the territory transferred to Canada.

Donald A. Smith was by this time recognized as the most powerful man in the west. The governor general thanked him for his services and in 1870, after the organization of the province of Manitoba, he was returned to the legislature for Winnipeg and St. John. He was also called to the Northwest territorial council and was returned for Selkirk to the house of commons. He supported the conservative government then under direction of Sir John A. Macdonald and the party soon found that in him there was another man fit for leadership. It was found that the builders of the railway from ocean to ocean had trafficked with contractors and taken money for election purposes. This became known as the Pacific Scandal and the intense feeling manifest throughout the country centered in the house of commons. The house divided upon a motion of the Hon. Alexander Mackenzie, the leader of the liberal opposition to Sir John Macdonald. Feeling was intense. At one o’clock in the morning of November 5, 1873, Mr. Smith arose and uttered what became an oracular speech, for the people he represented were vitally interested in the building of the railway so necessary to the development of their country. It is said the house became deadly calm; no one knew whether he would adhere to his party’s policies or otherwise. He said: “For the honor of the country no government should exist that has a shadow of suspicion resting upon it, and for that reason I cannot give it my support.” These were his closing words, greeted by frantic cheers by the opposition, and the government was doomed. Feeling ran high and was most intense and bitter, but in later years the two leaders, the great statesman and the great financier, built together the Canadian Pacific Railway. Both were master builders and the executive capacity of the financier was necessary to the constructive genius of the statesman. It was in no idle spirit of laudation that Sir Charles Tupper stated that “had it not been for Mr. Smith’s indomitable pluck, energy and determination the road would never have been constructed.”

Mr. Smith thoroughly understood the fact that colonization could not be carried forward in the west without the building of the railroad. Another has written concerning this:

“It must have been with profound reluctance that he voted for the overthrow of the Macdonald government. He knew that the fall of that administration would set back the construction of the Pacific Railway and of the necessity of that great work to the unity and stability of the confederation he was thoroughly convinced. He was not well satisfied with the slower and less heroic policy of Mackenzie, although it is said he believed the road should be built by the government and ‘not by any company, however honorable or competent.’ He said in 1876, ‘Nothing short of a guarantee from the government of interest on the whole amount of the bonds could induce capitalists to embark on the enterprise.’ He, therefore, well understood the magnitude of the contract into which the syndicate entered in 1880 and the peril to his fortune and reputation involved in the assumption of that gigantic undertaking.

“There is no doubt that the syndicate received great subventions, but Mr. Smith and his courageous associates undertook to build a railway through thousands of miles of unknown and uninhabited country, along the sterile shores of Lake Superior and across the Rocky mountains. They had to go out in advance of settlement. They had to lead the march of civilization across leagues of unsettled prairie. They had to seek a silent port on the Pacific. It was a more daring idea than the Cape to Cairo Railway, which united two great centers of world activity. The Canadian Pacific was a plunge through nothing to nothing. It was a stupendous guess at the future. As we look back we recognize that few human achievements rank higher than the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway across this enormous stretch of territory, its operation during the first ten years of its history and the maintenance of its credit in face of persistent attack, slow growth of population and unpromising national outlook. The whisper goes that when the great enterprise hung on the verge of collapse, Mr. Smith pledged his private fortune to the last dollar in support of its credit, as he held his associates to the scrupulous performance of every detail of their contract with the country.”

One of the initial steps of the work was the purchase of the bankrupt St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Railway, which, extending over Minnesota and Dakota had a branch line to Pembina, Manitoba. Built by Dutch capitalists, it became bankrupt in 1873, yet Messrs. Smith and Hill recognized that with the return of prosperity this would become a profitable undertaking. These two, together with George Stephen, later Lord Mount Stephen, and N. W. Kittson purchased the road.

Sir John Macdonald returned to power in 1878, but he could not secure the cooperation of London financiers in the building of the railroad. When it was seen that it was impossible to carry the project through as a government railroad, in 1880 the four men who had made the old Minnesota railroad a paying investment, undertook the other task. A syndicate was formed, known as the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, ultimately capitalized at seventy-five million dollars, with twenty-five million dollars of land grant bonds, and this company built the railroad from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The task accomplished was a gigantic one. The movement had the support of the conservative government, but was bitterly assailed by the opposition, both in the house and through the press. Again and again the word went out through the papers and through party utterances that the railroad could never be made a paying investment. It was almost impossible to get investors to buy stock. At times the treasury seemed utterly exhausted. It is said that one day Donald A. Smith came late to a directors’ meeting. He looked into the faces of his colleagues and said: “Nobody has any money; let’s adjourn until tomorrow.” The following day he smilingly entered the room. “Has anybody raised any money?” he asked. Everyone replied: “Not a cent.” “I have raised another million,” announced Mr. Smith, “and that will last us until somebody gets more money.” Never for a moment did he lose faith in the ultimate triumph of the venture. He inspired others with much of his own contagious enthusiasm. Again and again when his associates seemed utterly discouraged he inspired them with hope and when he was in Great Britain and the directors wrote him a long letter indicating their utter despair he cabled back one word “Craigellachie,” recalling at once the old Highland clan cry “Stand Fast, Craigellachie,” and once more inspired by their chieftain the men did stand fast and on the 7th of November, 1885, at Craigellachie, British Columbia, Donald A. Smith, then a white haired man, drove a golden spike into the cedar tie upon which the rails met from east to west. The weight of the Herculean task which he had accomplished between 1880 and 1885 had changed the strong, black bearded, sturdy man to a white haired veteran. Before night came on the Marquis of Lansdowne, governor general of Canada, had received a telegram from Queen Victoria congratulating the Canadian people on an event “of greatest importance to the whole British empire.” Speaking of the Canadian Pacific Railway Sir Charles Tupper said:

“The Canadian Pacific Railway would have no existence today, notwithstanding all the government did to support that undertaking, had it not been for the indomitable pluck and energy and determination, both financially and in every other respect, of Sir Donald Smith.” Mr. James J. Hill, president of the Great Northern Railway of the United States, also said that “the one person to whose efforts and to whose confidence in the growth of our country, our success in early railway development is due is Sir Donald A. Smith.”

The splendid work done by Mr. Smith won him imperial honors. He was created a knight commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George by Queen Victoria in 1886 and a decade later received a knight grand cross in the same order, being privately invested by Her Majesty at Windsor Castle. At the time of the Diamond Jubilee in 1897 Queen Victoria bestowed a further mark of royal favor upon Mr. Smith by elevating him to the peerage of the united kingdom as Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal of Glencoe, in the county of Argyll, and of Montreal, in the province of Quebec and Dominion of Canada. In 1908 he was appointed a knight of the grand cross of the Royal Victorian Order and was also elected a fellow of the Royal Society, while in 1910 he became a knight of grace of the Order of the Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem.

In the meantime he had become identified with so many financial interests that it would be impossible to enumerate them. He also remained active in politics, unyielding as ever in all matters where subserviency was demanded by party exigencies. It has been said:

“He was not a legislator; he was not a statesman; he never wanted office; and he seldom spoke. He was forced into the house by his commanding personality and he sat there representing the silent power of the empire builder. But it is not to be supposed that he was not a working member. Probably few men did more valuable parliamentary work, while he remained a member of the house.”

In 1874 Mr. Smith resigned his seat in the Manitoba legislature, but remained a representative of the province at Ottawa, sitting for Selkirk until 1880. In 1887, at the general election, he was returned to the house of commons as member for Montreal West, now St. Antoine division, by a majority of fourteen hundred and fifty, and was reelected in 1891 by a majority of thirty-seven hundred and six, remaining the representative for Montreal West until 1896. In 1892 he was an active participant in the commercial congress held in London and in March, 1896, he served as a delegate to the Manitoba government to aid in deciding the Manitoba school question, his colleagues being Messrs. Dickey and Desjardins. In April of the same year he was sworn of the queen’s privy council of Canada, and he was commissioner to the Pacific cable conference held in London in 1896, in which year he once more attended the commercial congress. During the existence of the Imperial Federation League he was vice president of that organization for Quebec. In April, 1896, ere the conservative administration went out of power, he was appointed Canadian high commissioner in Great Britain, succeeding Sir Charles Tupper, who had filled the office since its creation in 1884. The high commissionership combines all the functions of an ambassador and financial agent but has no diplomatic standing. The appointment as high commissioner is a political one, but when Sir Wilfrid Laurier came into power Lord Strathcona still retained the position as if there had been no change in government. When the conservatives returned to power in 1911 he remained in London, with the approval of all Canada. When the expenses of the high commissioner’s office in London were being discussed in the Dominion house of commons the late Sir Richard Cartwright said:

“I believe that Canada has in very important respects been extremely well served by Lord Strathcona since he has represented us in Great Britain. It is a matter of no small moment to Canada that our representative should be well and favorably known on the London Stock Exchange as a man of the highest honor and probity, and a man whose word is universally admitted to be his bond. I need not tell the house that the emoluments are absolutely naught to Lord Strathcona. I need not tell the house that in all probability, in the exercise of hospitality which he has indulged in during a single London season, he will vastly exceed all that is nominally assigned to him as the representative of Canada. I think every member of the house who has occasion to visit London will testify that, whether or not the office in other respects comes up to all that he desires, Lord Strathcona, at any rate, is worthy of upholding in every possible way the honor and dignity of Canada. I may further add that Lord Strathcona is a man whose advice is eagerly sought and has very great weight, indeed, with the British government and with Englishmen, Scotsmen and Irishmen of every rank and station. As regards his influence in what I may call the diplomatic circle and the ministerial circle and on the Stock Exchange, Canada would find it pretty hard, indeed, to replace Lord Strathcona.”

Lord Strathcona’s name stands high on the roll of those who have figured most prominently in financial circles in the Dominion. He was one of the large shareholders of the Bank of Montreal, became its vice president in 1882 and president in 1887. It was only after many years’ residence in London that he resigned in 1905, whereupon he was immediately elected honorary president for life. He studied banking from every possible standpoint and in all of its relations to other business interests. His first address to the shareholders after he became president was a notable one. He spoke of the bountiful harvests in Canada and in the American northwest and recognized the fact that shipping interests must bring the grain to Montreal and that the bank would benefit thereby. Few men would have considered the question in so wide a scope. Year after year during his presidency Lord Strathcona continued to call attention to the wealth of the nation as provided by the agricultural districts of the northwest and time has proven the wisdom of his judgment in this regard.

Not only was Lord Strathcona a railroad builder, a distinguished financier and a political leader, but he was also one of Canada’s most generous philanthropists. He never for a moment forgot his own struggles and his hand was ever out-reaching to assist another. His munificence was princely, yet his giving was most unostentatious in its character and no one will ever know the extent of his private charities. Some of his gifts, however, he could not conceal. In association with Lord Mount Stephen he gave one million for the erection of a great hospital in Montreal to commemorate the queen’s jubilee. Later, when the building had been erected on the mountain side, they gave equally in the sum of eight hundred thousand to endow the institution and the Royal Victoria is today one of the best equipped hospitals on the continent. Modern science has been exhausted to furnish it adequately and the large endowment makes it possible to keep pace with the newest discoveries and inventions. McGill University has again and again been the beneficiary of Lord Strathcona until the sum total of his gifts reaches two million dollars, and in addition he has presented to the university the land on which to erect the new medical building and the site and building of the Royal Victoria College. He also gave the income of a million dollars as an endowment to the Royal Victoria College and the chair of zoology. The former was founded for the higher education of women and is one of the most popular and useful of his bequests to McGill. Lord Strathcona was early chosen a governor of McGill and was elected chancellor of the university in 1889. The gifts to the university for the faculty of medicine included the Leanchoil endowment, in memory of his mother, fifty thousand dollars; for endowment of the chair of pathology, fifty thousand dollars; for endowment of the department of hygiene, fifty thousand dollars. The faculty of applied science benefited by the endowment of its pension fund, fifty thousand dollars, while the faculty of arts also benefited by a like amount for the same object. Of the five hundred thousand dollar gift, given in 1909, it was stipulated that fifty thousand should go for augmenting the salaries of the professional staff. To the Trafalgar Institute, affiliated with McGill University, he gave thirty thousand dollars. Together with Lord Mount Stephen he endowed a Canadian scholarship in the Royal College of Music, London, and subsequently endowed a second scholarship on his own account. Lord Strathcona took an active interest in the cooperative scheme put in operation in 1912 by the Montreal Theological Colleges affiliated with McGill and in the summer of 1913 contributed one hundred thousand dollars to a half million dollar fund raised by the friends of the four institutions concerned--Anglican, Presbyterian, Methodist and Congregational--to place the joint work upon a permanent basis. As honorary chairman of the Western committee of the Young Men’s Christian Association Lord Strathcona gave one hundred and fifty thousand dollars to funds for the Young Men’s Christian Association buildings in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia.

Lord Strathcona’s patriotism and generosity found expression in the equipment of the famous Strathcona Horse, a military force of five hundred and forty men completely equipped and sent to the front at a critical period of the war. He paid the expenses of equipment, pay and transport until the regiment reached Cape Town. The service of the regiment was, indeed, a credit to its founder and has become a part of the military history of Canada. Another of Lord Strathcona’s beneficent gifts was the contribution of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars to create an annual fund of ten thousand dollars for the encouragement of physical and military training in the public schools of the Dominion. In writing upon this subject Lord Strathcona said:

“While I attach the highest importance to the advantages of physical training and elementary drill for all children of both sexes, I am particularly anxious that the especial value of military drill, including rifle shooting for boys capable of using rifles, should be constantly borne in mind. My object is not only to help to improve the physical and intellectual capabilities of the children by inculcating habits of alertness, orderliness and prompt obedience but also to bring up the boys to patriotism and to a realization that the first duty of a free citizen is to be prepared to defend his country. The Dominion at the present time and for many years to come can hardly hope to be able to give so long a period of training to her military forces as by itself would suffice to make them efficient soldiers, but if all boys had acquired a fair acquaintance while at school with simple military drill and rifle shooting the degree of efficiency which could be reached in the otherwise short period which can be devoted to the military training of the Dominion forces would in my opinion be enormously enhanced.”

Among other evidences of his generosity was a gift of one hundred thousand dollars in June, 1913, through the minister of militia, for the purchase of a site on Lorne Crescent for a drill hall for the exclusive use of McGill students.

Lord Strathcona has been equally generous in his assistance of Scottish institutions. He gave to Marischal College, Aberdeen, one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars and to Aberdeen University fifty thousand dollars. He became chancellor of the university in 1903 and held the office throughout his remaining days, while from the students came the honor of election as lord rector of that university. He founded the Leanchoil Cottage Hospital in his native town of Forres and gave generously to other charitable and educational institutions of his native land. In 1902 he gave a million dollars to the fund for King Edward’s Hospital and about the same time gave fifty-two thousand, five hundred dollars to Queen Alexandra’s fund for the unemployed.

Lord Strathcona was honored with the friendship of Queen Victoria, King Edward and Queen Alexandra and of King George and Queen Mary and for many years His Royal Highness the Duke of Connaught regarded him as a close friend. He was the host of King George and Queen Mary when as Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York they visited Montreal in September, 1911. By invitation he was present at the coronation of King Edward and Queen Alexandra in 1902 and at the funeral of the former in 1910 he was one of Canada’s representatives. Again in his official capacity he was present at the coronation of King George and Queen Mary in 1911.

Many academic honors were conferred upon Lord Strathcona. He received the LL. D. degree from Cambridge in 1887; LL. D., Yale, 1892; LL. D., Aberdeen, 1899; LL. D., Laval, 1902; LL. D., Toronto, 1903; LL. D., Queen’s, Kingston, 1905; LL. D., Ottawa, 1906; LL. D., St. Andrew’s, 1911; and D. C. L., Durham, 1912. He was presented with the freedom of the city of Aberdeen in 1902; of Edinburgh in 1903; of Bristol in 1908; and of Bath in 1911. Lord Strathcona’s portrait by Arless was exhibited at the Royal Academy in London in 1890. Another portrait by Jongers was presented to McGill University by the governors of that institution in 1901. Still another portrait was presented to the Canada Club of London in 1902. Lord Strathcona was honorary president of the Mount Royal Club and also of the Canadian Club of Montreal. In 1898 he was appointed honorary lieutenant colonel of the Victoria Rifles, Montreal, a tribute to the interest he had taken in the military movement in Canada. In 1902 he became honorary colonel of the Eighth Volunteer Battalion of the King’s Liverpool Regiment. In 1909 he was honored by being made honorary colonel of the Fifteenth Light Horse and in 1910 he was made the honorary colonel of the Seventy-ninth Highlanders. At the house of the Royal Society of Arts, Adelphi, London, on November 15, 1912, Lord Sanderson, on behalf of the Duke of Connaught, president of the society, presented the society’s Albert medal to Lord Strathcona “for his services in improving the railway communications, developing the resources and promoting the commerce and industry of Canada and other parts of the British empire.” Lord Sanderson read a message from the Duke of Connaught in which His Royal Highness said: “In my present office of governor general of Canada I have had special opportunities of fully realizing the great services Lord Strathcona has rendered to the Dominion and to the industrial and commercial progress of the British empire. As an old friend of many years’ standing I rejoiced that, as president of the Society of Arts, I had been able to add another mark of appreciation of his long and valuable career of usefulness.”

Lord Strathcona was a familiar figure at the Athenaeum Club in Pall Mall, the center of British culture and exclusiveness. In one of its handsome dining rooms he delighted to gather together distinguished men of Great Britain to meet visiting Canadians of high rank and greatly was the honor appreciated. Sir Wilfrid Laurier and Mr. Borden have both enjoyed the High Commissioner’s hospitality in this luxurious form and realized afresh what a genius for entertaining was his.

A contemporary biographer has written:

“On November 12, 1913, Lord Strathcona suffered bereavement by the death of Lady Strathcona, who died in her eighty-ninth year, at their London home, Grosvenor Square, most unexpectedly. Pneumonia was the cause of death. Lord Strathcona bore the blow with much fortitude and made continuous acknowledgement of many hundreds of messages of sympathy which came to him from all quarters and classes, from the king and the royal family downwards.

“Isabella Sophia, Lady Strathcona, was the daughter of the late Mr. Richard Hardisty, long a resident of Montreal and also for many years one of the trusted agents of the Hudson’s Bay Company in Labrador. She became the wife of Lord Strathcona when he was twenty-nine years of age. The early married life of Lord and Lady Strathcona was spent in the bleak winds of Labrador. It was a terrible country in those days. Winter comes early and stays late--and such a winter! A few short hours of frozen day, then night--a long uncanny night. Sometimes the snow falls through weeks on weeks and no man dares to move beyond the circle of the little settlement. Wolves in those days would sweep the icy paths, truculent, hungry, seeking their sustenance. At night about the little camp their hordes would sweep howling in mournful unison. By day, men went their ways but cautiously, watching the hard grey sky above and the hard white snow below.

“Lady Strathcona accompanied her husband everywhere in his long years of service of the Hudson’s Bay Company. They saw Lake Winnipeg before the city was. They traveled the dreadful wastes where the great Mackenzie river tumbles across the Arctic circle. Dreary Keewatin they learned from end to end, tramping in and out from the posts on Hudson’s bay. They threaded the forests on the Ontario hinterland and on foot or by dog sled paced the thousands of miles of prairie that lie between Lake Winnipeg and the Rocky mountains.

“Lord and Lady Strathcona spent over sixty years of happy married life together. Lady Strathcona maintained her interest in Canada to the very end and took the keenest interest in public affairs. She followed events in Canada closely and was especially interested in everything pertaining to McGill University. All who were the recipients of her hospitality in London, either as the wife of Canada’s high commissioner or as private guests were charmed with the kindness displayed to them by Lady Strathcona. Lady Strathcona was presented, with Lord Strathcona, to Queen Victoria in Windsor Castle in July, 1886, and to King Edward and Queen Alexandra at Buckingham Palace in March, 1903, and April, 1904. She was present, with Lord Strathcona, in Westminster Abbey at the coronation of King Edward and Queen Alexandra. With Lord Strathcona she was also present at the coronation of King George and Queen Mary, in June, 1911.

“Although a woman of a retiring and altogether unostentatious nature Lady Strathcona throughout her life splendidly seconded her husband in his innumerable acts and schemes for the benefit of the people of Canada and of mankind at large. With her daughter, the Hon. Mrs. Howard, Lady Strathcona gave one hundred thousand dollars to McGill University for the erection of a new wing to the medical building. To Queen Alexandra’s fund for the relief of the unemployed of Great Britain she gave fifty-two thousand, five hundred dollars and from time to time she also gave largely in many directions. Throughout she exercised a large and gracious hospitality. At Knebworth House and at Glencoe in Scotland she was beloved by the people for her many acts of kindness and generosity.

“Lady Strathcona accompanied Lord Strathcona on his flying visit to Canada in the autumn of 1913, when His Lordship came to Montreal to take part in the ceremonies connected with the congress of the American Bar Association. Lady Strathcona at that time appeared to be in the best of health and spirits. They were present together at the recent reception given by the Duke and Duchess of Connaught at St. James Palace just before Their Royal Highnesses left London to return to Canada.

“Lady Strathcona’s funeral took place to Highgate cemetery on November 18, after a simple service in the Church of St. Mark. Lord Strathcona was a pathetic figure as he followed the coffin to the church, leaning on the arm of his daughter, the Hon. Mrs. Howard. Among the numerous floral tributes was a handsome wreath with a tender inscription from Queen Mother Alexandra. It bore the words, ‘To dear Lady Strathcona--a sorrowing tribute to the memory of a beloved wife and companion for sixty-five years--From Alexandra.’”

It was but little more than two months after the death of Lady Strathcona that Lord Strathcona passed away, his death occurring January 21, 1914. His was a strikingly splendid figure even at the age of ninety-three. He had learned well the lessons of life. Nobility of character and high purpose had won for him imperial honors and had made him one of the world’s empire builders.

ROBERT JAMES INGLIS.

At the time of his death, which occurred on the 25th of June, 1903, Robert James Inglis was at the head of the most extensive merchant tailoring establishment and the best known business of its kind in Montreal, which was developed entirely through his efforts and capability. He was recognized as a self-made man and his example should serve as a source of encouragement and inspiration to others. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario, in 1856 and in 1875, when but nineteen years of age, he opened a tailoring establishment on St. Joseph, now Notre Dame Street. Although his start in life was comparatively unimportant, he soon demonstrated his capability and proved that he was worthy of confidence and support. Year by year his patronage grew and after nine years at his original location he removed to Beaver Hall Hill while later he was for five years on St. Catherine Street West. Less than one month prior to his demise he opened his establishment in a business block which he had erected, having well appointed and attractive quarters in which he carried a large and carefully selected line of goods. In style, excellence of design and workmanship the output of his establishment could not be surpassed, and progressive methods and honorable dealing led to the establishment of a business of large and gratifying proportions.

Mr. Inglis was survived by his widow and four sons: Douglas S., Robert J., W. Stewart, and Lockhart C. The first two are in charge of the business of R. J. Inglis, Ltd., of Montreal, and W. Stewart is in charge of the branch of the firm in Winnipeg, established after the death of his father. Mr. Inglis had reached a position where the comforts and luxuries of life were at his command but death called him when he was only forty-seven years of age. He was a prominent member of Victoria Lodge, No. 57, A. F. & A. M., but he was never a club man, preferring the enjoyment of the pleasures of his home. He possessed a strong character, marked individuality and pleasing personality and was loved by all who knew him. His acquaintance was a wide one, for his entire business life had been spent in Montreal and he had gained for himself a creditable position in business and social circles.

CHARLES BLAIR GORDON.

Manufacturing and financial interests in Montreal find a worthy representative in Charles Blair Gordon, practical, progressive and determined. His familiarity with the line of business in which he is engaged, his recognition of opportunities and his laudable ambition have gained him distinction and success, and material progress has been largely promoted through his efforts. Perhaps there is no other man in Canadian business life whose career so aptly illustrates the reward of conscientious business energy. Montreal has reason to be proud of the fact that he is one of her native sons. He was born here in 1867, his parents being John and Jane Gordon. After passing through consecutive grades to the high school and mastering the branches of learning therein taught, he took up the more difficult lessons to be learned in the school of experience, entering business circles in the employ of McIntyre, Sons & Company. In that connection he gained his first knowledge of business methods and measures, and the experience which he thus acquired led him to believe that he might profitably pursue a business career independently. He left that firm, therefore, to become the organizer of the Standard Shirt Company, of which he became the manager, and which he conducted very successfully. At the organization of the Dominion Textile Company, Mr. Gordon became at first managing director and vice president. He was elected to the presidency of the company in 1909 and has since remained at its head, bending his energies to administrative direction and executive control. The business, which is one of the worlds’ largest cotton manufacturing concerns, has developed steadily under his guidance, for he keeps in close touch with trade conditions and studies every question bearing upon manufacturing in his line. He was also at one time vice president of the Montmorency Cotton Mills Company and of the Colonial Bleaching & Printing Company. He was likewise a director of the Merchants Cotton Company and is still financially and officially connected with the Montreal Cotton Company. He is a director of the Bank of Montreal, president of Penman’s, Ltd., president of Hill Crest Collieries, Ltd., vice president of the well known financial bond and investment house of C. Meredith, Ltd., and a director of the Ogilvie Flour Mills Company, Ltd. He is likewise a director of the Ritz-Carlton Company, owners of the magnificent new hotel, the Royal Trust Company, the Dominion Bridge Company, and numerous other corporations in the Dominion of Canada. His judgment is sought as a valuable factor in the management of all the different business organizations with which he is connected. McGill University has requisitioned his services and made him one of its governors. To further the interests of trade he has become a member of the Canadian Manufacturers Association and was elected vice president of the Quebec branch in 1911.

In 1897 Mr. Gordon was united in marriage to Miss Annie Brooks, of Seaforth, Ontario, and they reside at Terra Nova on St. Luc road, Ville Notre Dame des Neiges, Montreal. His social interests largely center in his membership in the Mount Royal, Canada, Montreal Hunt, Montreal Racquet, Montreal Jockey and Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Clubs. Mr. Gordon is a typical man of the age. He has gone beyond many who perhaps started out ahead of him in the race of life, this being due to his close application, unfaltering energy, and an earnest and persistent desire to accomplish at any one point in his career the utmost possibility for success at that point. He belongs to that class of valued and representative citizens who in advancing individual interests have also largely promoted the public good.

LESLIE HALE BOYD.

Leslie Hale Boyd is not only a student of the law but also of the vital public questions which are engaging wide attention, and is, as well, widely known in connection with many athletic and similar organizations. Montreal numbers him among her native sons, his birth having here occurred July 31, 1873, his parents being Andrew and Georgina L. (Hale) Boyd. Passing through consecutive grades in the public schools, he entered the Montreal high school and eventually pursued the arts and law courses in McGill University, which in 1894 conferred upon him the B. A. degree and in 1897 that of B. C. L. In 1898 he began practice as an advocate, and while advancement at the bar is proverbially slow no dreary novitiate awaited him. Almost from the beginning of his professional career he was accorded a liberal clientage and is now one of the prominent practitioners of the Montreal bar. In 1908 he was created king’s counsellor. As he has won success in his profession, he has made investments in real estate and is now the owner of considerable valuable property in the city.

In 1898 Mr. Boyd was married to Miss Emma Constance, a daughter of the late William Farrell, of Montreal, but her death occurred in August, 1909. Mr. Boyd makes his home at No. 1036 Dorchester Street West. He is a Presbyterian in religious faith and is identified with various social organizations and with different societies having to do with the material development and welfare of the city. He belongs to the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, which has honored him with the presidency, and in 1908 he was vice president of the Amateur Athletic Federation of Canada. He likewise belongs to the Canada Club and the Engineers Club, the Caledonia and St. Lawrence Curling Clubs, the Canadian Club and the Rangers, Fish and Game Club, and he figures prominently in the various athletic and similar organizations to which he belongs. His interest in affairs of general importance is indicated in the fact that he is a governor of the Montreal Homeopathic Hospital and a member of the Protestant board of school trustees at St. Henri, P. Q. The conservative party numbers him among its active workers and representatives, and in 1910 he was elected alderman of St. George’s ward of Montreal as a reform candidate, and in 1912 and 1914 was reelected by acclamation. In May, 1912, he ran in the St. Lawrence division as the conservative candidate for the provincial legislature but was defeated. The talents with which nature endowed him he has wisely used, not only for the benefit of himself but for the improvement of municipal and moral conditions and physical and mental development.

COLIN MCARTHUR.

It is a natural thing that when the sons of Great Britain desire to emigrate they turn toward one of the colonial possessions of the great British empire, and thus it is that a large percentage of Canada’s citizens have come from Scotland. Among the number was Colin McArthur, who was born in Glasgow in 1835, a son of James McArthur, a mason contractor of that city. He was educated in St. Enoch’s school of Glasgow and for sixteen years was associated with the firm of Wylie & Lockhead, wall paper manufacturers, acting as manager of their interests most of the time. While in their employ he frequently visited Canada and the United States in the interests of the house, and eventually taking up his permanent abode in Canada, embarked in business in Toronto. In 1879, however, he came to Montreal and entered into business with J. C. Watson in the manufacture of wall paper under the firm name of Watson & McArthur. This relation was maintained uninterruptedly until 1884, when Mr. McArthur withdrew from the firm and established the present business, that of Colin McArthur & Company, wall paper manufacturers. In the early days skilled labor had to be brought from the States, but in time men of this country were trained for the work and with the introduction of improved machinery the business developed rapidly. The trade grew enormously and Mr. McArthur was not only one of the pioneers in his line but controlled one of the most extensive and successful enterprises of that character. He thoroughly understood every phase of the business and, watchful of details pointing to success, his capable control was manifest in the excellent results which rewarded him.

Mr. McArthur was first married to Margaret Jamieson, of Largs, Scotland, and had two children. David married Rose Wilkinson and died in 1902, leaving a widow and three children, Colin, David and Margaret. Margaret, the daughter, is now living in Montreal. Mr. McArthur married in England, in 1869, Miss Annie Williamson, who survives him and resides in Montreal.

Mr. McArthur was an active factor in public interests as well as in business circles. He joined the Board of Trade in 1888, and he was much interested in public institutions and in plans for the general welfare. He was a life member of the General Hospital and was a member of the Caledonia and St. Andrew’s Societies. He also was a life member of the Protestant Insane Hospital and took an active interest in the founding of that institution. A Presbyterian in religious faith, his many good deeds had their inception in his Christian belief. He did much for charity and in fact was continually assisting others, yet all in a most unostentatious manner. He never spoke of his benevolent acts and shrank from all publicity of that character, yet there are many who have reason to bless his memory for aid rendered in an hour of need.

GEORGE EDWARD DESBARATS.

The late George Edward Desbarats was head of the well known printing firm of Desbarats & Company of Montreal, which, for many years has set the standard for all that is progressive in this field of business activity. He was a representative of a family that through many generations has been closely connected with the printing business, successive generations being in the vanguard of those who have been most active in bringing about the advancement and improvement in connection with the art preservative of arts. The History of Printing and Bookbinding in the State of Bearne gives account of Pierre Desbarats, bookseller from 1638, who established in 1651 the first printing office to have more than a transient existence in the state of Bearne; while Jean Desbarats, 1656 to 1687, was named printer to the Royal College of Bearne in 1662, printer to the Jesuit College at Pau in 1663 and printer to the King and the Royal College in 1680. Jean Desbarats, 1687 to 1714, was appointed King’s printer and printer to the Royal College in 1687. Isaac Desbarats, 1714 to 1737, was printer to the States of the Province of Bearne and on the 24th of December, 1719, was officially appointed to succeed Jean Desbarats as King’s printer. Parliamentary decree of April 27, 1730, admitted him to the ranks of the nobility as “Isaac Desbarats, King’s Printer, Seigneur de Labarthe Buisson.” Isaac Charles Desbarats, 1737-1787, was made printer to the King and to the States of the Kingdom of Navarre, September 20, 1737. He succeeded to the rank of Seigneur de Labarthe Buisson and was “Avocat au Parlement.” The printing establishment was inherited by Jeanne Desbarats but the government would not allow a woman to carry on the printing business and it had to be sold. The above indicates the close connection of the family with the printing business in France from 1638 to 1787. The family name has figured with equal prominence in Canada. Pierre Edouard Desbarats was named King’s printer January 27, 1800, and so continued until his death in 1828. His son, Georges Pascal Desbarats, father of George E. Desbarats of this review, succeeded his father and in 1844 was named Queen’s printer.

The family had been founded in Canada by Joseph Desbarats, who came to this country in 1756 and in 1761 married Marie Louise Crête at Beauport. He died in 1810. Their son, Pierre Edouard Desbarats, was married in September, 1798, to Josephte Voyer and at the time of his death, in 1828, was not only printer of His Majesty’s laws, but was also assistant clerk of the house, lieutenant colonel and justice of the peace. His son, Georges Pascal Desbarats, married Henriette Dionne, daughter of Hon. Amable Dionne. She died in 1839, while G. P. Desbarats passed away in 1864. He had succeeded his father in business and in 1844 was named Queen’s printer, in which connection he removed with the Government to Kingston, Toronto and Quebec as the government was successively established in those cities. He was also lieutenant colonel of militia.

George Edward Desbarats was born at Quebec, April 5, 1838, and in the attainment of his education attended Holy Cross College at Worcester, Massachusetts, from 1846 to 1851; St. Mary’s College at Montreal from 1852 until 1855 and Laval University at Quebec from 1855 until 1857. He won the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws and thoroughly qualified for the bar. He studied with the Hon. Jean Thomas Taschereau in 1857 and with the law firm of Bethune & Dunkin in Montreal. He was received at the bar of Lower Canada in 1859 and was offered a partnership in the firm of Laflamme & Laflamme but declined in order to enter his father’s printing office, in which connection he remained in Quebec until 1865, when he went to Ottawa which had been made the new seat of government. In Quebec he published several volumes of original French-Canadian literature, among which were: Le Foyer Canadien in three volumes, eleven hundred and thirty-six pages; La Littérature Canadienne, in two volumes, seven hundred and eighty pages; Essais Poétiques, Lemay, in one volume, three hundred and twenty pages; Les Anciens Canadiens, P. A. de Gaspe, in one volume, four hundred and twelve pages; Mémoires de M. de Gaspe in one volume, five hundred and sixty pages; Canadians of Old (English) in one volume, three hundred and thirty pages; Mère Marie de l’Incarnation, L’Abbé H. R. Casgrain, in one volume, four hundred and sixty pages; Vies des Saints, Abbé Casgrain, in one volume, seven hundred and fifty pages; Lives of the Saints (English) in one volume, seven hundred and fifty pages; Chansons Populaires du Canada, Ernest Gagnon, in one volume, three hundred and seventy-five pages; Contes Populaires, Paul Stevens, in one volume, two hundred and sixty-five pages; Traité d’Art & d’Histoire Militaire, L. T. Sugor, in one volume, four hundred and seventy-two pages; Instructions Chrétiennes pour les Jeunes Gens, in one volume, three hundred and twenty pages; and Le Protestantisme, Etc., Abbé Guillaume, five hundred and fifty pages.

On removing to Ottawa in 1865 Mr. Desbarats occupied a building erected for this purpose which was begun during his father’s lifetime and belonged to the estate. Malcolm Cameron, who had been Queen’s printer with the father of George Edward Desbarats after the death of Stewart Derbishire, held the patent alone from 1864 to 1869 and was G. E. Desbarats’ partner in the printing business. The building erected there in Ottawa was one of the largest business blocks of the city at that time. It was in this building that the Hon. Thomas D’Arcy McGee lodged in company with Sir Hector Langevin and others on the occasion of his atrocious assassination and it was upon the place where the murder occurred that Mr. Desbarats caused to be erected a memorial tablet. This, it has been supposed gave offence to a certain lawless element in the population, resulting in the destruction of the noble pile of buildings by the incendiary’s torch. After the destruction of the building by fire on the 21st of January, 1869, it was not rebuilt. The Cartier-Macdonald government was then in power and gave out the Gazette, laws, etc., to public competition. G. E. Desbarats was appointed Queen’s printer and charged with making the schedules, getting the tenders and adjudging the contracts. He held the office for about a year and then resigned to remove to Montreal, where he had large interests in a lithographic and photo-engraving business which he had established there in connection with the Leggo Brothers. The fire of January 21, 1869, destroyed the complete first edition of Les Oeuvres de Champlain, which G. E. Desbarats was publishing at that time, the compiler and annotator being L’Abbé Laverdiere, librarian of Laval University. Not only was the manuscript destroyed but also the electrotype plates and illustrations. The only copy saved was that in proof sheets in Mr. Laverdiere’s hands. Mr. Desbarats determined to republish the work at once. The second edition was printed direct from the type, being limited to one thousand copies. The six volumes, which are quarto, contain some sixteen hundred and fifty pages and are copiously illustrated with facsimiles of the original charts, maps and cuts produced by the Leggotype process. This great work was published by G. E. Desbarats in 1870 and is considered the finest book issued so far from the Canadian Press. He was also the publisher, in Ottawa, of H. J. Morgan’s Bibliotheca Canadensis.

At the fire in Ottawa G. E. Desbarats’ net loss was over one hundred thousand dollars. The estate also lost heavily on the building, which was only partly insured. At a meeting of citizens an address of sympathy was voted to Mr. Desbarats and afterwards presented to him, handsomely engrossed, bearing the city seal, signed by the mayor and others and framed.

In 1869 G. E. Desbarats built a printing office on St. Antoine Street, Montreal, and there founded The Canadian Illustrated News, the first number of which was issued on October 30, of that year, with Alexander Robertson as the first editor and E. Jump as chief artist. The illustrations were at first photo-electrotypes produced by the Leggotype process. In 1870 Mr. Desbarats founded a French companion paper to the Canadian Illustrated News called L’Opinion Publique, a twelve-page paper, the illustrations in which were for the most part the same as those in the English weekly. The editors were J. A. Mousseau and L. O. David. Among the contributors to its pages were P. J. O. Chauveau, L. H. Frechette, Joseph Marmette, J. A. Poisson, Benjamin Sulte, W. Gelinas, Joseph Tassé and many other distinguished French-Canadian writers. By arrangement with Ferdinand Gagnon, L’Opinion Publique absorbed L’Etendard National of Worcester, Massachusetts.

In May, 1871, Mr. Desbarats became proprietor of a weekly literary paper named The Hearthstone. The editorial work of The Hearthstone was performed by J. A. Phillips. Mr. Desbarats owned and conducted The Dominion Telegraph Institute which had been started by Churchill, continuing this for two years, during which time were sent out many capable telegraph operators now at the head of their profession. In 1872 he organized the Graphic Company to publish a daily illustrated paper in the city of New York. This was the first illustrated daily ever published and it came to end in about a year, being too far ahead of its time and lacking the necessary capital. Still the field of his activity and usefulness constantly broadened, and at all times he was in the lead among those who have wrought for advancement and progress in connection with the printing and publishing business. In March, 1873, he founded The Canadian Patent Office Record and Mechanics Magazine, a quarto monthly of thirty-two pages devoted to engineering, manufacturing, mining and other industrial pursuits. With each number was issued the official patent office record, the whole amply illustrated, the two parts together forming a book of from sixty to eighty pages monthly, the subscription price to which was only a dollar and a half a year.

In 1873 it was thought advisable to form a stock company to carry on the Canadian publications and the general Montreal engraving and printing business. The Desbarats Lithographic & Publishing Company was therefore organized by G. E. Desbarats, W. P. Hussey, Luke Moore, William Angus, Jonathan Hodgson, Alexander Buntin and Daniel MacLellan as provincial directors; G. E. Desbarats and W. P. Hussey as managers. In April, 1874, Mr. Desbarats entered into negotiations with G. B. Burland with a view to amalgamating the two concerns and formed The Burland-Desbarats Lithographing Company, from which he retired in 1876. He then opened a small office in the old postoffice building and in 1878 moved to larger premises and laid the foundation of the present Desbarats Printing Company, one of the most important establishments of this character in the Dominion. In 1879 G. E. Desbarats joined with Notman & Sandham in organizing The Artotype Printing Company and went himself to New York to learn the artotype work.

In 1884 W. C. Smillie, founder and first president of The British American Bank Note Company entered into negotiations with G. E. Desbarats & Company to revive the Canada Bank Note Company which absorbed G. E. Desbarats & Company’s business and in which G. E. Desbarats and H. Drechsel were appointed managers. In 1887 Mr. Desbarats admitted his son, William, to a partnership and together they published the Dominion Illustrated, a weekly illustrated paper which also had to be discontinued for lack of capital. Half-tone engraving was then in its infancy and Mr. Desbarats was the first to introduce it into Canada. The process was largely used in the Dominion Illustrated and a photo-engraving plant was installed to meet the paper’s requirements. While all days were not equally bright in his career and indeed in his business experience he saw the gathering of clouds that threatened disastrous storms, yet his rich inheritance of energy, determination and initiative enabled him to turn defeat into victory and promised failures into brilliant successes. His strict integrity, business conservatism and judgment were always so universally recognized that he enjoyed public confidence to an enviable degree and naturally this brought him a lucrative patronage. In early manhood he showed conspicuously the traits of character that made his life brilliantly successful and his mental and physical activity, combined with thorough training, brought him to an eminent position as a representative of the printing and publishing business in Canada.

The business career of Mr. Desbarats with its steps of successive advancement has been given but what of the man and his personality? All who remember him speak of him as of the highest type of gentlemen, his kindly nature and courteous manner winning for him many warm friends. Even now, twenty years after his demise, his old employes mention him with the greatest respect and love. It has been said that there is no better way to judge an individual than by his treatment of those in his employ. Judged by this standard, no man has been more worthy of regard. While in Ottawa his employes presented him a silver goblet and tray as a mark of esteem. The employes of the Canadian Illustrated News presented him with two bronze statues and a necklace for Madame Desbarats and the employes of the Canada Bank Note Company presented him a water pitcher when he severed his connection with that company.

Aside from his extensive printing and engraving business Mr. Desbarats was deeply interested in all that pertained to the city’s welfare, and those things which are a matter of civic virtue and civic pride received his indorsement and cooperation. He took great interest in the Montreal Philharmonic Society of which he was one of the directors. He was captain in the Civil Service Rifle Regiment, of a company composed entirely of men in his employ. During the smallpox epidemic in Montreal in 1885 he was chairman of the citizens’ relief committee and took a leading part in the establishing of a temporary hospital at the exhibition grounds. His political allegiance was given to the conservative party but he took no active part in politics. In religious faith he was a Roman Catholic and in 1867 was president of the Société St. Jean Baptiste in Ottawa.

On the 30th of April, 1860, G. E. Desbarats was married to Miss Lucianne Bossé, eldest daughter of Joseph N. Bossé, advocate who was afterward senator and subsequently judge. Mr. and Mrs. Desbarats were married in Quebec and they became the parents of five sons and two daughters. George J., born January 27, 1861, and now deputy minister in the naval service, married Miss L. Scott, a daughter of Sir Richard Scott. William A., born February 14, 1862, is president of the Desbarats Printing Company, Limited. Edward S. C., born April 24, 1863, is president of the Desbarats Advertising Agency and married Miss M. A. MacCallum, daughter of Dr. D. C. MacCallum. Lucianne, born August 10, 1864, married Lord de Blaquière. Cecile is superior of the Convent of the Sacred Heart at New Orleans, Louisiana. Alexander died in childhood; and C. H. Hullett married Miss J. Henkels of Philadelphia. He is the secretary and treasurer of the Desbarats Printing Company. He and his brother, William, succeeded to the business upon their father’s death and it has since been organized into a joint stock company.

Such in brief is the life history of one who had much to do with shaping the development of the printing and engraving business in Canada. His was largely the initiative spirit that brought about improvement and advancement in methods of printing and of illustration. He ever maintained the highest standards, was quick to adopt any new methods which his judgment sanctioned as of value, and he largely set the standards that others have followed. His life continued one of increasing activity, usefulness and of public benefit to the time of his death which occurred in 1892.

ARTHUR WILLIAM PATRICK BUCHANAN.

In the practice of law devotion to the interests of his clients, careful preparation of his cases and comprehensive knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence are salient features which have gained Arthur William Patrick Buchanan a place among the well known representatives of the Montreal bar. He was born at Montreal in 1870, the son of Alexander Brock and Elizabeth Ann (Best) Buchanan and grandson of the late Alexander Buchanan, Q. C., a distinguished lawyer and in his day the leader of the Montreal bar, who married Mary Ann, the daughter of James Buchanan, H. B. M. consul at New York from 1816 to 1843. After attending the Montreal high school our subject entered McGill University and later pursued his law course in Laval University, where he took the degree of LL. B. in 1893. He was admitted to the bar of the province of Quebec in 1894 and the same year began practice as an advocate. He was created a king’s counsel in 1908 and practices in partnership with W. J. White, K. C. Their clientele is extensive and of a representative character, and Mr. Buchanan has proved himself a capable and careful lawyer. He is interested in genealogy and has written a history of his family, The Buchanan Book (1911).

In 1897 Mr. Buchanan married Berthe Louise, elder daughter of William Quirin, of Boston and resides at No. 731 Pine Avenue West. Mr. Buchanan is a life member of the Buchanan Society, a governor of the Montreal General Hospital and a member of the St. James Club, the Canada Club, the Montreal Hunt and the Royal Montreal Golf Club.

ANDREW ROBERTSON.

In many public positions Andrew Robertson gained wide acquaintance and the efficiency of his service in public behalf marked him as one of Montreal’s most valued and prominent men. In commercial circles he was well known as the founder and senior member of the firms of Andrew Robertson & Company and Robertson, Stephen & Company, wholesale dry-goods merchants, and later he became a factor in insurance and financial enterprises. This however represented but one phase of his life, as he became connected with many public projects having to do with the general development and improvement of the city, or with its charitable and benevolent activities. Abraham Lincoln said, “There is something better than making a living--making a life,” and it was that spirit which actuated Andrew Robertson at all times. He recognized his obligations to his fellowmen and again and again he played the part of the Good Samaritan, not from any unavoidable sense of duty but from a deep love for his fellows.

Mr. Robertson was of Scotch birth, the place of his nativity being Paisley, and the year, 1827. When he arrived at school age he entered the Paisley grammar school, where he gained a working knowledge of the common branches of learning. All through his life he was a student,--a student of books, of men, of affairs and the signs of the times, and he became a thoroughly well read man, whose judgment was regarded as sound and his sagacity keen. After leaving school he learned the weavers trade and in 1840 was sent to Glasgow and entered upon a four year’s apprenticeship in a drapery and clothing establishment. Subsequently he became an employe of a manufacturing firm and displayed such ability and resourcefulness in this connection that he was soon afterward admitted into a partnership, and as most of the work of the firm devolved upon him, his health gave way and his physician recommended that he go either to Australia or Canada.

Mr. Robertson’s choice fell upon the latter country and in 1853 he sailed for the new world, accompanied by his wife and two sons. He at once joined the wholesale dry-goods firm of Brown & Swan and, on retiring therefrom two years later, founded the firm of Andrew Robertson & Company which in 1867 was merged with the older established business of William Stephen & Company and continued under the style of Robertson, Stephen & Company. With the firm and its successors he was continuously connected until 1885, when he retired. Early in the 60’s he built the Auburn Woolen Mill at Peterboro, Ontario, for the manufacture of Canadian tweeds, and successfully directed it from Montreal until 1867, when he sold it as part of the purchase price of the Stephen business. His methods were ever progressive, and his close application and indefatigable energy constituted the foundation upon which he builded his prosperity.

While building up a commercial enterprise of large and profitable proportions, Mr. Robertson always found time to devote to public duties and the promotion of the general welfare. Joining the St. Andrew’s Society in 1857 he served as treasurer in 1862 and 1863, second vice president in 1864 and 1865, first vice president in 1868 and president during 1869 and 1870. In 1876 he was president of the Dominion Board of Trade and in that and the following year was also president of the Montreal Board of Trade. He had the honor of being chosen the first president of the Dominion Commercial Travelers’ Association, and thus he figured prominently among the men who were most active in commercial pursuits. He himself extended his efforts as a business man with the passing years and became president of the Royal Canadian Insurance Company in 1876, in which position he continued until his death, while from its formation in 1880 until his demise he was president of the Bell Telephone Company of Canada.

His public service was of a varied character and embraced connection with charitable and benevolent objects, with public works and with movements having to do with general progress and improvement. In 1872 Mr. Robertson became one of the governors of the Montreal General Hospital and later was elected and served successively as treasurer, vice president and president. In 1879 he was elected chairman of the board of harbor commissioners for Montreal and remained in that position until his death. His name figured also in connection with military activities, beginning in 1861, when, during the Trent excitement he was gazetted first lieutenant and quartermaster of the Montreal Light Infantry. Many tangible evidences of his devotion to the public welfare may be cited. He familiarized himself with all the details of the management of the General Hospital and was greatly interested in the proposal to enlarge it, so that in 1886 upon a trip to England he consulted some of the best architects of that country concerning the subject and brought back with him plans for the proposed extension. The deepening of the ship channel between Montreal and Quebec was a project which awakened his strong and hearty enthusiasm, and he frequently said that when he saw the completion of the plan he would retire from the active duties of chairman of the board, well satisfied. He was of a nervous temperament, possessed marked energy and was a tireless worker, and before his health became impaired he was actively and helpfully interested in the movement for the improvement of the harbor and the prevention of damages by flood. During the great flood of 1885 he was making a tour through the submerged district in a canoe, propelled by one of the oldest river men. His companion of that occasion testified to the deep interest he took in the poor people of the district. He left the harbor commissioners’ office with forty or fifty dollars in his pocket and when he returned he had not enough cash to pay the boatman, having given all to the flood sufferers. This is but one incident of his generous spirit, which was constantly manifested. He was of a most charitable disposition but he gave in a quiet, unassuming manner, following the mandate not to let the left hand know what the right hand doeth. Again and again his gifts of charity were known only to the recipients.

On the 19th of April, 1850, in Scotland, Mr. Robertson was married to Miss Agnes Bow, a daughter of the late Alexander Bow, of Glasgow, and they became parents of ten children, four sons and six daughters, of whom the sons and four daughters are still living, six being residents of Montreal, while one daughter and one son reside on the Pacific coast.

At the time of his death, which occurred March 29, 1890, Mr. Robertson was chairman of the harbor commission and his associates in that work, as also those in other relations of life, entertained for him the highest regard. In politics he was conservative and in church connection a Presbyterian. In his Christian faith was found the root of a well spent, honorable life, reaching out along many lines for the benefit of his fellowmen. The world is better for his having lived and his memory remains as a blessed benediction to those who knew him. Mrs. Robertson survived her husband for nine years, passing away suddenly in her beautiful home, Elmbank, Dorchester Street West, on the 6th of July, 1899, mourned by a large circle of old friends.

REV. JOSEPH GUILLAUME LAURENT FORBES.

Rev. Joseph Guillaume Laurent Forbes, bishop of Joliette, was formerly the spiritual director of the thirty-nine hundred families which make up the great French-Canadian parish of St. Jean Baptiste in Montreal, a position of responsibility as well as one of power and importance among the Catholic people of the city. This responsibility rested upon the shoulders of a conscientious, capable and God-fearing man and the power was used wisely and humbly, so that Father Forbes has become an important force in the conservation and propagation of the doctrines which he teaches and professes. He is a native of the province of Quebec, born in Isle Perrot, near Montreal, August 10, 1865, a son of John and Octavie (Léger) Forbes, both natives of Vaudreuil. The Forbes family was founded in Canada in 1757 and representatives of the Léger family came to Quebec with the first French colonists in 1608. Both parents are still living, the father having retired from active life.

Rev. Guillaume Forbes acquired his early education in the kindergarten at the Nazareth Asylum in charge of the Grey Nuns in Montreal and was afterward a student at the Catholic Commercial Academy of this city. He was graduated from Montreal College with the class of 1882 and from the Seminary of Philosophy in 1884. He finished the course in the College of Theology in 1887 and was ordained to the Roman Catholic priesthood March 17, 1888. Immediately afterward he was sent as curate to Caughnawaga, where he did excellent work among the Iroquois Indians. He held his original position until 1892 and was then given the direction of the Caughnawaga mission, serving until 1903. In that year he was appointed parish priest of the Church of St. Anne de Bellevue, in the province of Quebec, and he there remained until 1911, when he was appointed rector of St. Jean Baptiste church in Montreal. The parish of St. Jean de Baptiste in Montreal is one of the largest and most important French-Canadian congregations in the city, and its rector holds a very responsible position and one which makes him a great individual force in Catholic circles. The original church building was burned June 27, 1911, and is now being replaced at a cost of three hundred thousand dollars, the entire property being valued at five hundred thousand dollars. Father Forbes had four assistants, Rev. Joseph A. Lefevre, Rev. Charles A. de Lamirande, Rev. Auguste Paré and Rev. Hector Quesnel, and had spiritual jurisdiction over thirty-nine hundred families and nineteen thousand souls, all French-Canadians. He became very popular and widely beloved among the people of this congregation, who saw his simplicity of character, his greatness of heart, his earnestness and sincerity, and who recognized his administrative and business ability. On the 6th of August, 1913, Rev. Forbes was chosen by the Holy See to succeed the Rt. Rev. Alfred Archambeault as bishop of Joliette. He received the episcopal consecration in the cathedral of Joliette from the hands of His Grace, Monseigneur Bruchesi, archbishop of Montreal, on the 9th of October, 1913. A brother of Bishop Forbes, the Rev. Father John Forbes, of the White Fathers, after a stay of sixteen years in the mission fields of Africa, is since the year 1900 residing in Quebec, superior of the branch house of the Society of the White Fathers in Canada.

Bishop Forbes is profoundly learned in Indian dialects and is in addition an author of some note, his works being all of a religious character. Besides his original volumes he has edited and republished a Life of Catherine Tekakwitha and an Iroquois almanac for the years between 1899 and 1903.

ARTHUR EDOUARD JOSEPH BISSONNET.

The name of Bissonnet has long been a distinguished one in this locality, the first member of the family having been one Pierre, a son of Jacques, who was born in 1626, and on the 3d of May, 1660, married Mathurène Des Bordes and who, as the records show, had seven children. A brother of Pierre, Jacques, was married in 1670 and sixteen children are credited to him. Arthur Edouard Joseph Bissonnet worthily upholds the honor of the family name, having gained a reputation along legal lines in Montreal, where he has successfully practiced since 1897. He was born at St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, and is a son of Napoléon and Domithilde (Scott) Bissonnet. The father was a well known manufacturer of that city, where he passed away in 1887, the mother having predeceased him in 1882. The paternal grandparents were Jérome and Josephte (Courtemanche) Bissonnet, who died in 1870 and 1872, respectively.

Arthur E. J. Bissonnet received an excellent education. His preliminary courses were taken at the College of the Sacred Heart at Arthabaskaville, which was followed by a classical course at St. Hyacinthe that earned him the title of M. L. A. In 1894 he studied law at Laval University and in 1895 and 1896 at McGill University which he left in 1897 with the degree of B. C. L., being admitted to the bar of the province of Quebec in the same year. His advent in Montreal soon followed and here he has ever since been engaged in the practice of his profession. No long novitiate awaited him for he soon demonstrated his ability to successfully cope with the most intricate law problems and gained a reputation which connected him with much important litigation. He has represented some of the foremost firms and individuals as well as other interests, having attained a name for preparing his cases thoroughly and presenting them in an able manner. He has all the attributes of a successful lawyer, clearly sets forth his cause and by the weight of his character and his insight into human nature has won a high standing in his profession. In 1909 Mr. Bissonnet was appointed king’s counsel and as such handled important government cases which especially connected him with provincial law revenue on duties on successions. His prominence in fraternal circles has led to his election as legal adviser of the Council of St. Henry (for 1913), a branch of the Knights of Columbus at Montreal. Mr. Bissonnet is now at the head of the legal firm, Bissonnet & Cordeau, occupying suite 606, in the Royal Trust building.

On the 14th of February, 1905, occurred the marriage of Mr. Bissonnet to M. A. Ernestine Roy, a daughter of Amedée Roy and Hemma (Rocher) Roy. The family has been long established in the county of Bagot, in the province of Quebec, and her father was a prominent merchant in his locality. Mr. and Mrs. Bissonnet have the following children, Jean, Léon, Marie Laure, Louise Marie and Paul.

His political convictions lead Mr. Bissonnet to support the liberal party, and he is a member of the Montreal Reform Club and other political institutions. Although not an active politician, he takes a deep and helpful interest in the issues of the day that affect the Canadian people as a nation and his province as part of the Dominion and stands ever ready to support progressive measures making for advancement, either material or intellectual. His faith is that of the Catholic church. A distinguished and influential lawyer, he is highly respected in the profession and is esteemed by the general public as a public-spirited citizen who loyally acknowledges and fulfills his duties to his city and his country.

DUNCAN A. MCCASKILL.

Duncan A. McCaskill was a factor in Montreal’s commercial development and progress, inasmuch as he was the founder and head of the house of D. A. McCaskill Company, later McCaskill, Dougall & Company, manufacturers of railway and carriage varnishes and japans. The extent and importance of his business made him well known in commercial circles, while his career demonstrated the possibilities for successful achievement on the part of any individual who must perforce start in life as he did, without any capital to aid him. He was born in Victoria county, Cape Breton, in 1845 and was a son of Murdo McCaskill, a justice of two counties of Cape Breton. His education was acquired in his native county, where the first thirty years of his life were passed. The year 1875 witnessed his arrival in Montreal, where he connected himself with one of the large business houses of the city. During the succeeding five years he steadily progressed and there awakened in him the ambition to enter commercial circles on his own account. He took his initial step in the direction in which his later labors brought him to the prominent position which he occupied as the head of the house of what is now McCaskill, Dougall & Company, manufacturers of railway and carriage varnishes. He was ever a most industrious man, close application and energy constituting the basis of his success. In 1902 he retired and spent his remaining days in those ways which afforded him recreation and enjoyment, traveling extensively in company with Mrs. McCaskill through the United States and Europe.

Mrs. McCaskill was in her maidenhood Miss Abbott, a member of the Abbott family of Andover, Massachusetts, and one of the old New England families. They were separated by death on the 12th of July, 1907, when Mr. McCaskill passed away at Lausanne, Switzerland.

While an active factor in the business world, Mr. McCaskill also took a great interest in political matters and for several years was president of the Sir John A. Macdonald Club. In 1900, at the solicitation of a large body of electors of his native county, he became a candidate for political honors. The conservative party lost in that connection and Mr. McCaskill was defeated at the polls, although a large vote was accorded him and his course gained him the general esteem of the people. By preference he concentrated his efforts upon his business interests and private affairs and worked his way upward until he stood among the successful merchants and manufacturers of the city with a record that commended him to the confidence and admiration of colleagues and contemporaries.

SAMUEL HAMILTON EWING.

With intense activity intelligently directed and with ability to plan and perform that amounts almost to genius, Samuel Hamilton Ewing has become one of the prominent manufacturers and capitalists of Montreal. He today has financial investments in many of the most important corporate interests of the province, and his opinion concerning complex business matters is eagerly sought and constitutes a valuable element in the attainment of a wise conclusion.

From his boyhood Samuel Hamilton Ewing has been a resident of Canada. He was born May 10, 1834, at Lisdillon House, Londonderry, Ireland, and is a representative of an old family of Irish origin, his parents being Samuel and Margaret (Hamilton) Ewing, who with their family crossed the Atlantic to Canada during the boyhood of their son Samuel H. Entering the public schools of Montreal, he pursued his education and afterward joined his brother, Andrew S. Ewing, in the ownership and management of the extensive coffee and spice mills formerly owned by his father. The business, established in 1860, was conducted under the firm style of Samuel Ewing & Sons, Samuel Hamilton Ewing remaining an active factor in the management and direction of the business until his retirement from the firm in 1892. In the meantime the efforts of the partners had resulted in the establishment of an enterprise of extensive proportions. Gradually he extended his efforts to other fields, becoming financially and ofttimes actively interested in corporations which are now recognized as among the foremost in the commercial and industrial circles of the province. He is president of the Montreal Cotton Company, president of the Canada Accident Assurance Company, president of the Levis County Railway and the Cornwall Street Railway, and is vice president of the Molson’s Bank and the Sun Life Assurance Company, while he is a director of the Atlantic Sugar Refinery, the Standard Clay Products, Limited, the Crown Trust Company, and the Illinois Traction Company. One of the local papers said of him: “It is doubtful if there is a more active man of his age in the city of Montreal.” What he undertakes he accomplishes, and he utilizes opportunities that many others have passed heedlessly by. Moreover, he has the ability to unify seemingly dissimilar elements, coordinating them into a harmonious whole.

Mr. Ewing has been married twice. He first wedded Miss Caroline Wilson Cheese, of London, England, who died in 1872, and later he wedded Margaret Anna Knight, who passed away in March, 1908. She was a daughter of George Knight, of Glasgow, Scotland. Mr. Ewing’s attractive home, Seaforth, is situated at No. 100 Cote des Neiges road. He is well known in club circles, holding membership in the Mount Royal, Canada, St. James and Canadian Clubs. He is a life governor of the Art Association of Montreal. His political belief is that of the conservative party but the honors and emoluments of office have little attraction for him. He has preferred always to devote his leisure to such activities as seek the public welfare along charitable or humanitarian lines. He is a governor of the Montreal General Hospital and served for several years prior to 1906 as its treasurer. He is likewise a governor of the Protestant Hospital for the Insane, and in 1906 was the delegate to the Sixth Congress Chambers of Commerce of the Empire. Forceful and resourceful, his is a record of a strenuous life, stable in purpose, quick in perception, swift in decision, energetic and persistent in action.

ALBERT HEBERT.

Albert Hébert, deceased, who for many years was one of the best known business men of Montreal, was born in this city, February 28, 1864. He was educated in the Jesuit College and the Archambault Commercial School, from which he was graduated. At the age of seventeen years he entered the firm of Dufresne & Mongenais and a year later became a member of the firm of Hudon, Hébert & Company, wholesale grocers. Later, when his father, C. P. Hébert, retired from the firm, Albert Hébert became the general manager of the business and so continued throughout his remaining days, directing the policy and stimulating the progress of the business, which became one of the important commercial concerns of the province. A man of resourceful ability, he was a director of the Montreal City and District Savings Bank and succeeded his father as treasurer of Notre Dame Hospital. He was a prominent member of the Board of Trade, serving as a councillor in 1904 and 1905, a governor of Laval University and a governor of the Antiquarian and Numismatic Society. Mr. Hébert was married in Montreal to Miss Loulou Barbeau, a daughter of the late E. G. Barbeau, who was the first manager of the Montreal City and District Savings Bank. Mr. and Mrs. Hébert had one daughter, Joséphine, now the wife of Mr. LsRaoul de Lorimer, of Montreal. While traveling in Europe Mr. Hébert died at Lucerne, Switzerland, June 21, 1911, although when he left Montreal for this trip he was in the best of health. He was but forty-seven years of age at the time of his demise, yet he stood very high in the opinion of the leading business men of the wholesale district of Montreal and was also appreciated and esteemed in financial circles. When Notre Dame Hospital was threatened with a financial crisis in 1909 it was Mr. Hébert, the treasurer of the institution, who opened the subscription and by his energetic campaign raised the two hundred thousand dollars which saved the day. One who knew him well and was, therefore, qualified to speak of his sterling traits of character wrote to the Montreal Star:

“There were many sympathizing and sad hearts in Canada after it was known that Albert Hébert, Esq., of your city died in the prime of life, far away from home in Switzerland. In the death of Mr. Hébert Montreal has lost the prince of the many princely merchants. He was known far and near not only by reputation but personally and wherever he was known he was respected and beloved. I have had business dealings with the late Mr. Hébert for over a quarter of a century and during that long period I have had many opportunities of forming an opinion of his worth as a man and of his splendid abilities as a business man. At the annual business meeting of the Wholesale Grocers Guild, of which he was a prominent and respected member and at which meetings I have often had an opportunity of attending, it was always a pleasure to hear him speak in his faultless English, with a slightly French accent. His opinions and advice had a spirit of fairness and good sense that invariably carried conviction with them. No better argument in favor of a joint English and French training could be had than to hear him address a meeting in English. The late Mr. Hébert will be missed in Montreal. He will be sadly missed by the many English speaking friends in the west when they visit Montreal. It is men of his type that are needed to build up Canada as a nation.”

J. GEORGES PICHE, M. D.

Among the successful physicians of Montreal is Dr. J. Georges Piché, who has been in practice since 1900. He was born in St. Gabriel de Brandon, Berthier, province of Quebec, September 4, 1872, and descends from one of the oldest families of that section.

His father, Camille Piché, was a notary of St. Gabriel for forty years, occupying the position at the time of his death. He was regarded as one of the best known and most highly respected citizens of the locality. He married Sophie Desparrois dit Champagne, a native of St. Sulpice, province of Quebec.

Dr. Piché acquired his early education at St. Gabriel and later attended the normal school at Montreal, leaving there in 1887. He then went to the United States and for several years was a bookkeeper in the employ of a wholesale grocery house at Providence, Rhode Island. In 1896 he returned to Montreal and, having determined upon a professional career, began the study of medicine at Laval University, where he was graduated in 1900 with the degree of M. D.

Dr. Piché immediately began the practice of his profession in Montreal on DeMontigny Street, where he continued with gratifying success until 1914, when he removed his offices to No. 287 St. Denis Street. He is now accorded a liberal practice and his ability is constantly increasing as the result of broad experience and wide reading and research. He is now physician to the Merchants & Employers Guarantee & Accident Company, and he is a member of La Société Médicale de Montreal.

In 1894 Dr. Piché was married in St. Gabriel de Brandon, province of Quebec, to Albertine Bellemore, a daughter of John Bellemore, of that place, and they have four children: Julien, Georges, Albert, Ernest and Rachel.

JOHN S. ARCHIBALD.

John S. Archibald, an architect holding to the highest professional standards and one of Montreal’s native citizens, is a son of the late David A. Archibald, formerly of Inverness, Scotland. Reared and educated in Scotland. Mr. Archibald prepared for the profession which he has made his life work and which he has successfully followed in Montreal. He is a member of the firm of Saxe & Archibald and as such has been connected with the execution of some important professional contracts. A number of the fine structures of the city stand as monuments to his skill and ability. Moreover his position is indicated by the fact that in 1905 he was honored with election to the presidency of the Architects Association of the province of Quebec and at the congress of architects held in July, 1906, he moved the resolution favoring statutory qualifications of architects. He has never believed in deviating from the highest standards of the profession.

In December, 1900, Mr. Archibald was united in marriage to Miss Edith Thurston, the third daughter of J. D. Thurston, of Montreal. In politics Mr. Archibald is a liberal and is interested in all projects that are opposed to misrule in civic affairs and which seek to promote the interests of the many rather than of the few. He is now a councillor of the Montreal Reform Club, and he belongs also to the Engineers Club. He has carefully cultivated the powers and talents with which nature endowed him and thus has gained more than local recognition as a capable architect, well versed in the science of his profession.

ESIOFF LEON PATENAUDE.

Among the younger members of the bar of Montreal is Esioff Léon Patenaude, a member of the well known firm of Leonard, Patenaude, Filion & Monette, who maintain offices at No. 26 St. James Street. Not only has Mr. Patenaude attained a prominent position along strictly legal lines but he has been prominent politically, having for several terms been elected a member of the provincial legislative assembly of Quebec and serving at present in that capacity. He is a member of one of the old French-Canadian families.

Esioff L. Patenaude was born at St. Isidore on February 12, 1875, and is a son of Hilaire and Angèle (Trudeau) Patenaude. Early showing a preference for a legal career, he laid the foundations of his classical education in Montreal College, from which he graduated with the degree of B. A., and subsequently studied law at Laval University, receiving the degree of LL. L. He has since taken up his practice in Montreal and, having been able soon to demonstrate his knowledge and ability, has built up a reputation as one of the foremost advocates of the city. He is a member of the firm of Leonard, Patenaude, Filion & Monette, who are connected with much of the foremost litigation before the courts, their patronage being distinctive and important.

On the 8th of May, 1900, Mr. Patenaude married Miss Georgiana Deniger and they have two children, Rose Angèle and Alphonse. In religious faith the family are Roman Catholics. The political allegiance of Mr. Patenaude is given to the conservative party and, as he has become widely known in his profession, it was but natural that he should be chosen to the Quebec legislative assembly, to which he was elected at the general election of 1908. He was returned to his seat in 1912, his reelection being the confirmation of his record. He has always exerted himself to the best of his ability in the interests of his constituents and has done valuable work in committee rooms as well as on the floor of the provincial house of parliament. Prominent among the French colony, Mr. Patenaude is highly respected by all who know him for what he has attained and for those characteristics which have made possible his success. He is ever willing to gladly bear his share in promoting the public welfare and the advancement of the city and is a forceful factor in Montreal not only along legal and political lines but in building up material progress and promoting measures which elevate moral and intellectual standards.

JOSEPH GUSTAVE AVARD.

Joseph Gustave Avard, one of the best known men in real-estate circles in Montreal, has been instrumental in promoting some of the largest projects in this city during the past ten years, notwithstanding the fact that his life record does not cover one-half the span of time of many other real-estate dealers of the city. He was born January 29, 1881, at Shirley, Massachusetts, a son of Louis and Philomene (Sasseville) Avard, both of whom are natives of St. Hyacinthe county, Quebec. For some years the father was a saddler at Shirley, Massachusetts, but since 1883 has resided at St. Hyacinthe.

The son was educated in the schools of St. Hyacinthe, the Brothers of the Sacred Heart Academy and in the St. Hyacinthe Practical Business School. For a year he was a clerk in St. Hyacinthe Bank and through the ensuing four years was with the Eastern Townships Bank at St. Hyacinthe and Waterloo, Quebec.

In 1903 Mr. Avard came to Montreal as an accountant for the firm of McPherson & Company, wholesale dealers in cheese and butter. In 1905 he opened a real-estate office at 47 St. Vincent Street under the firm name of Avard & Dagenais. This firm continued in business successfully for five years at that location. On the expiration of that period the partnership was dissolved and Mr. Avard opened an office in the Royal Trust building, where he remained for two years, removing thence to the Transportation building at No. 120 St. James Street in 1912. In that year the business was incorporated under the name of J. G. Avard & Company, Ltd. He promoted the Viauville Lands, Ltd., one of the largest deals carried through in the past decade. The firm owns the Tetreauville Annex and are agents for Hudonville Lands, Ltd. Mr. Avard is also a director of the Dominion Quarry, Ltd., of the Metropolis Apartment Company, Ltd., Montreal Playhouses, Ltd., and of the Practical Business School of St. Hyacinthe. His offices in the Transportation building are models of good taste and the casual visitor has only to glance around to see that Mr. Avard is a lover of the fine arts.

On the 2d of October, 1904, Mr. Avard was married, in Montreal, to Rachel Eva Simard, a daughter of the late Adelard Simard, a well known lawyer of Waterloo, Quebec. To Mr. and Mrs. Avard have come three children: Elise; Gaston, who died at the age of eleven months; and Jean.

Active in the social life of the city, Mr. Avard is a member of the Canadian Club, the National Sporting Club, the Reform Club, St. Denis Club and is the vice president of the Laurentide Summer Home Company, Ltd. Politically he is a liberal, and his religious faith is indicated in his membership in St. Leon’s Roman Catholic church at Westmount, where he resides.

ALBERT H. CAMPBELL.

Albert H. Campbell, an active factor in business circles in Montreal as a member of the firm of A. C. Leslie & Company, iron, steel and metal merchants on St. Paul Street, remained in connection with that business until his death, which occurred August 27, 1907. He was a native of Ontario, born May 13, 1866, and a son of Dr. Donald P. Campbell, who was also born in the province of Ontario, where his father had settled upon coming to Canada from Scotland. Dr. Campbell was a graduate of McGill University and after preparing for the medical profession practiced in Vankleek Hill, Ontario, until his death which occurred in 1870. He was married in Montreal, in 1863, to Miss Alice Bell, a daughter of James Bell, who came to this city in 1832 from Scotland and was prominent as a contractor and builder here until his death in 1860. Following the death of her husband, Mrs. Campbell returned with her family to Montreal, where she has since resided.

Albert H. Campbell was thus reared in this city and completed his education in the Montreal high school, in 1883. He first engaged with Frothingham & Workman after leaving school, spending a few years with that firm before he embarked in business on his own account as junior partner in the firm of A. C. Leslie & Company, iron, steel and metal merchants on St. Paul Street. He then concentrated his energy upon the development of that business and was a very active representative of commercial interests in Montreal until his life’s labors were ended in death. He studied every phase of the business with which he was connected, readily recognized and utilized advantages and by methods that neither seek nor require disguise, won the confidence and respect of contemporaries and colleagues.

Mr. Campbell was married in Ottawa to Miss Elizabeth Henderson of Ottawa, whose father, John Henderson, is city clerk there. Mr. Campbell belonged to the Canadian Club and his social nature gained him many warm friends. He was a public-spirited man and gave generous and helpful support to projects for the general good. He belonged to the Board of Trade and was in hearty sympathy with its plans for Montreal’s improvement. He was also a member of the American Presbyterian church and his life exemplified his belief.

JOSEPH ISRAEL DESROCHES, M. D.

Capable, earnest and conscientious, Dr. Joseph Israël Desroches has for many years exercised his profession in Montreal, where he is widely known to the general public and enjoys high prestige among his colleagues, especially in regard to hygiene and children’s hygiene, upon which subjects he is an expert. His standing is quite evident from his connection with some of the foremost societies in the medical line in the world and it is therefore not surprising that his practice should be extensive and representative as well as lucrative to him. Dr. Desroches was born in October, 1850, at St. Esprit and is a son of André and Héloïse (Mercier) Desroches, the former in his day a well known agriculturist of St. Esprit. The Desroches family is descended from one Jean Deroches, who was born in 1614 and in 1641 left Ste. Lucie, near Autun, France, for Villemarie. He made the journey with one Monsieur de Maisonneuve. In 1647 he married Françoise Godet and this marriage was the first contract of that kind to be registered at Villemarie. Jean Deroches had a family of eight children, of whom his son Pierre married Marie Beaudry on November 24, 1698, at Pointe-aux-Trembles. It was he who added the s to the original name of Deroches. Jean Deroches died at Quebec on August 23, 1664. This record of the early ancestors of Dr. Desroches is to be found in Abbé Tanguay’s Dictionnaire Généalogique, in volume I, page 184.

Dr. Desroches pursued his classical studies at the Seminary of Joliette and received his medical education at the School of Medicine and Surgery of Montreal. There he received his degree of M. D. in 1877. He has ever since engaged in his profession at Montreal and, deeply studious of mind, has ever continued in perfecting his wide knowledge and keeping up-to-date with the latest discoveries made in the world’s medical science. The humane element in his nature is strongly developed and much of his success must be ascribed to the confidence which he inspires in his patients and which is recognized today as being one of the larger factors in effecting a cure. Careful in diagnosis, he is decisive in his actions after reaching a conclusion and there are hundreds who can testify to his ability and are grateful to him for having given them back health and happiness.

It is but natural that a man of Dr. Desroches’ ability should turn to the scientific side of his profession, not finding his sole satisfaction in mere attendance upon and ministrations to the sick. In 1884 he was chosen by the Hygienic Society of the Province of Quebec as manager of the Journal of Popular Hygiene and had charge of this valuable medium of influence until 1895, contributing many articles toward the enlightenment of the general public. In 1887 Dr. Desroches was nominated an honorary member of the Société Française of Paris and in the same year, on the occasion of the exposition of children’s hygiene, held in Paris, he received from the Hygienic Society for Children, of that city, a diploma and a gold medal and was chosen a corresponding member of the society. In 1889 he was made a corresponding member of the Society of Physical, Natural and Climatological Sciences of Algiers. From 1892 to 1895 and from 1898 until 1901 Dr. Desroches had charge of the medical bureau of the province of Quebec and from 1894 until 1900 was a member of the Provincial Council on Hygiene, of Quebec.

On February 9, 1881, Dr. Desroches was united in marriage to Miss Albertine Groulx, a daughter of Louis Thomas and Cornélie (Doyou) Groulx, the former a well known barrister and notary public of Joliette. Dr. and Mrs. Desroches have the following children, Jeanne, Gilberte, Henri, Juliette and Lucille. In various connections the Doctor has made valuable contributions to hygienic science and the subject of medicine and several of the works of which he is the author enjoy a wide circulation and are considered standard by the profession. He is a public-spirited man, progressive not only in his profession but in regard to all subjects that affect his home city and is ever ready to give his warm support to worthy public enterprises. His deep knowledge assures him of a position of distinction, while his kindly spirit has gained him a place in the hearts of his fellowmen.

HON. HONORE MERCIER.

Hon. Honore Mercier, minister of colonization, mines and fisheries, lawyer and legislator, recognized as one of the liberal leaders of Montreal and also acknowledged one of the capable representatives of the bar, was born at St. Hyacinthe, P. Q., in 1875, his parents being the late Hon. H. M. (Count) Mercier and Virginie (St. Denis) Mercier, the former prime minister of Quebec and one of the eminent lawyers of the province, of whom mention will be found elsewhere in this work.

The preparatory education of Honore Mercier was received at St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College, following which he was privately tutored in preparation for his work at Laval University, that institution conferring upon him the LL. B. degree in 1899. He was made an advocate in 1900, since which time he has successfully practiced his profession, being now senior member of the law firm of Mercier & Beique, with offices in the Quebec Bank building. Mr. Mercier’s knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence is comprehensive and exact, and his ability, devotion to his clients’ interests and the thoroughness with which he prepares his cases have given him high standing as a representative of the legal profession in the province.

Mr. Mercier has been a prominent figure in municipal and provincial affairs, standing firmly in support of the principles and measures which he deems of vital worth. He was elected to the city council of Montreal in February, 1906, and in 1907, was appointed a member of L’Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales, of which he is secretary and treasurer, and in the work of which institution, Mr. Mercier has proven a most capable official.

He was chosen in the liberal interest to represent Chateauguay in the provincial parliament, where he has sat almost uninterruptedly since 1907. On April 29, 1914, he was appointed minister of colonization, mines and fisheries in the Gouin cabinet. He gives earnest and thoughtful consideration to the questions of the day and is farsighted in his outlook over the political field with all that it implies in its relation to the welfare, progress and prosperity of the province and dominion.

Mr. Mercier was married, in April, 1903, to Miss Jeanne Frechette, a daughter of the late Dr. L. H. Frechette, C. M. G. Their religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. They occupy an attractive home at No. 408 St. Denis Street, and its hospitality is greatly enjoyed by their many friends. They also have a summer residence at Bellevue. Mr. Mercier is not a club man in the usually accepted sense of the term, yet he belongs to the Club Canadien and has social qualities that make and retain friends.

ALFRED FOREST.

Natural ability and profound learning have placed Alfred Forest among the well known young barristers of Montreal, where he enjoys an extensive practice as a member of the firm of Le Blanc, Brossard & Forest, who have offices at No. 35 St. James Street. Well versed in the letter of the law, he is capable, earnest and conscientious in the discharge of his duties and has been entrusted with much important litigation since beginning his career.

The Forest family were among those French emigrants who settled in Acadia--now Nova Scotia--and the earliest record to be found of them in Montreal is that of Madeline Forest, who was born in 1709 at d’Annapolis, Acadia. On the maternal side Alfred Forest is descended from the Mousseau family, who are named among the early settlers in the province of Quebec, the first mentioned being Jacques Mousseau, who was married on January 25, 1694, at Boucherville, to Marie-Ann Daunet, or Daunais.

Alfred Forest was born on the 8th of June, 1881, in the parish of St. Patrick of Rawdon, in the county of Montcalm. His parents were Urgel Forest, gentleman, and Eliza (Mousseau) Forest, a niece of the late Hon. Alfred Mousseau, in 1882 prime minister of the province of Quebec and later minister of public service in the cabinet of Sir John A. Macdonald in 1884. In 1886, when he died, he was judge of the superior court of Montreal and was always a leading conservative.

In the acquirement of his education Alfred Forest attended the Seminary of Joliette and then followed the philosophical course at the Seminary of the St. Sulpice Fathers in Montreal, graduating in 1905 with the degree of B. A. This was followed by a law course at Laval University, where on December 21, 1907, he obtained his degree of LL. L. with distinction and was admitted to the bar on the 15th of January, 1908. In 1906 he was secretary of the law students at Laval University and in 1907 was their president. During his law course he received practical training in the office of the Hon. Judge Paul Martineau and with the Hon. P. E. Le Blanc, ex-speaker and ex-leader in the legislative assembly, with whom he is now connected under the firm style of Le Blanc, Brossard & Forest. After settling down to his practice no long novitiate awaited him for he soon demonstrated his ability to cope with the most intricate legal problems. His reasoning is sound, his logic forceful and, being a student of humanity as well as book lore, he easily perceives the vital point in the most difficult legal tangles. As the years have passed he has made himself felt in the legal fraternity. Moreover he is now connected with some of the largest interests of the city, this connection having led him to become a director of the Modern Gas Light, Heat & Power Company, in which organization he served in that capacity in 1912 and 1913.

On April 30, 1913, in Montreal, Mr. Forest was united in marriage to Miss Hélène Jondreville, only daughter of Charles Jondreville, formerly of Paris, France. Her parents came directly from that city to Montreal in 1880. Of a distinguished family, Mrs. Forest is a cultured young lady of rare attainments and many accomplishments and will no doubt take a prominent part in the social life of the city.

Mr. Forest has always been a profound student and is an expert on political economy. He is a member of the conservative party and was offered the candidature in the federal election of 1911 by the electors of the county of Montcalm but declined, as his private interests practically forebade him to divert his time. He is an adherent of the Catholic church and holds membership in the Canadian Club, L’Alliance Française and the Conservative Club. Mr. Forest is loyal to the interests of Montreal, of which he is considerate and which he always tries to promote, proving thereby his value as a citizen. He is esteemed and respected not only among the legal fraternity but among the general public, who have recognized his worth as man, citizen and lawyer.

WILLIAM PATERSON.

Personally popular, William Paterson left behind him a large circle of friends at his death on the 23d of October, 1902. For twenty years he had been engaged in the tailoring business in Montreal, where he enjoyed a wide acquaintance. He was born December 2, 1858, in Montreal, a son of James Paterson, a native of Scotland, who passed his youthful days in that country. He there married Miss Ellen Swanson and afterward left the land of hills and heather for the new world. To him and his wife were born seven children.

The father was a tailor by trade and it was under his direction and guidance that William Paterson learned the business. He pursued a public-school education and then entered his father’s shop, devoting many decades to that pursuit. He was in business on Notre Dame Street for two decades, having one of the well equipped establishments of the city and gaining a liberal patronage, which grew with the passing years and made his one of the prosperous tailoring establishments of the city.

On the 18th of August, 1881, Mr. Paterson was united in marriage, on Prince Edward Island, to Miss Arabella Le B. Graves, of Nova Scotia, and they became the parents of four children: Leslie J.; William Henry; Alice G., who is Mrs. James J. Aird; and Grace W.

Mr. Paterson voted with the conservative party but never took an active interest in politics to the extent of seeking office as a reward for party fealty. He was very prominent in fraternal circles, serving as worshipful master of Elgin Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and in 1898 he was elected district deputy grand master of the Montreal district. He was past grand in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was also a life member of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, and was one of the members of Knox Presbyterian church, serving for several years on the board of managers. His varied interests and activities of life maintained an even balance and made him a forceful and influential factor in support of the business, social and municipal affairs with which he was connected.

D. AUG. FONTAINE.

D. Aug. Fontaine is a well known lawyer and notary of Montreal, being located at No. 244 St. Catherine Street East. Born in the town of Marieville, Rouville county, February 2, 1872, he comes of distinguished French-Canadian ancestry. The Rev. Damase Limoges is an uncle and Morrainé Alphonsine Lemieux, his cousin. The Rev. Damase Limoges was curate of the Catholic parish of St. Jean Baptiste, in the county of Rouville, and our subject was baptized in the Catholic church in that parish on the 4th of February, 1872. His father was Felix Fontaine, a notary at Marieville, and his mother Claire (Limoges) Fontaine. The former was born at St. Charles sûr Richelieu or at St. Hyacinthe about November 24, 1832. He studied in the Seminary of St. Hyacinthe and served a legal clerkship at Marieville with the notary Laberge. He afterwards established himself in that city as a notary and there practiced for the rest of his life, being recognized as a brilliant lawyer and gaining great success. He was a member of the Chamber of Notaries for about twenty-five years and when he died was vice president of this institution. The mother was born at Terrebonne, about August 2, 1840, a daughter of Pierre Limoges, a blacksmith, and Dame (Viger) Limoges. The paternal grandfather of our subject was Felix Fontaine, a teacher at St. Hyacinthe. The maternal grandfather, Pierre Limoges, and Charlotte Luce (Viger) Limoges, his wife, were the parents of twenty-three children, three daughters of whom embraced holy orders, one of them having joined the Ladies of the Sacred Heart at Montreal. One of their sons, Joseph Magloire Limoges, is a curate at Sorel; another, Damase Limoges, a curate at Beloeil and Farnham. A daughter, Claire Limoges, is the mother of our subject.

Louis Fontaine received his education in the elementary school at the Hospice of Ste. Croix at Marieville. He completed his commercial and classical studies at the Seminary of Ste. Marie de Monnoir at Marieville, having terminated his course in 1893. He studied law at Laval University of Montreal from 1893 to 1897 and served a clerkship with Maître J. A. Dorval, of Montreal. He received his notaryship at Quebec (with distinction) September 14, 1897. Mr. Fontaine then formed a partnership with his former preceptor, Maître Dorval, under the firm name of Dorval & Fontaine. Following, he associated himself with his classmate, Oscar Desautels, continuing the partnership of Fontaine & Desautels until 1899. At the end of that time he succeeded his father, Felix Fontaine, as notary in Marieville. Taking up his father’s practice, he there followed his profession for about ten years and has been actively engaged in legal work in Montreal since 1910. He was secretary-treasurer of the school commission of Marieville and also was manager of the Marieville branch of a private bank, known as “La Caisse d’Economie de Drummondville.” He also was for some time collector of customs at Marieville. In politics he was a strict liberal until 1909 and although he yet gives his allegiance to that party, is a nationalist at the same time.

On the 29th of July, 1896, Mr. Fontaine was married in the town of Marieville, which is now annexed to Montreal and known as the town of Ste. Cunegonde, to Miss Marie Eugenie Anna Vezina, daughter of Alexandre and Emma (Chagnon) Vezina. The father is engaged in the saddlery business. Mr. and Mrs. Fontaine have three children: Marie Eugenie Claire Ubaldine, fourteen years of age; Marie Marguerite Jeanne, twelve years of age; and Joseph Alexandre Felix Auguste, aged eleven.

Mr. Fontaine is a member of the Roman Catholic and Apostolic church. He is a musical composer of no mean ability and has produced a pleasing repertoire of Canadian songs. He is the author of the Canadian national song, which was written to the words of Abbé A. Fournet, P. S. S. He was a prize winner in the competition between Canadian poets in 1908 and the newspaper La Presse paid him one hundred dollars, le prix de concours. He is adviser to the singers of Notre Dame parish church of Montreal. Mr. Fontaine deeply interests himself in all matters pertaining to public affairs and is interested in the cause of education and in arts and letters. He is a lawyer of ability, a patriotic citizen and a man who stands for the higher things in life and who finds great pleasure and satisfaction in following his aesthetic tastes and in implanting his art ideas in others. His talent along musical lines has been ably put to use in elevating the musical standards of the city and in bringing more closely before the public the idea of creating a home musical art particularly and peculiarly Canadian.

ARTHUR SURVEYER.

In the field of engineering the name of Arthur Surveyer is widely known. Liberal training and broad experience have brought him to a prominent position and won for him the liberal patronage that is accorded him as senior partner in the firm of Surveyer & Frigon, consulting engineers of Montreal.

Mr. Surveyer was born in this city on the 17th of December, 1878, son of L. J. A. and M. A. Hectorine (Fabre) Surveyer, of whom more extended mention will be found elsewhere in this book, and supplemented his course of study in St. Mary’s College by a course in L’Ecole Polytechnique in which he won the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Applied Science and was graduated as a civil engineer. He also pursued a special post-graduate course at L’Ecole d’Industrie et des Mines du Hainout, Mons, Belgium. His liberal training and broad experience have made him one of the most efficient representatives of the profession. From 1904 until May, 1911, he was in the service of the Canadian department of public works and was engaged on the survey, plans and estimates for the Georgian Bay Ship Canal project and the survey of the Richelieu river for a twelve-foot canal. He was supervising engineer during the construction of the Port Arthur Dry Dock and reported on several hydro-electric projects on the St. Lawrence river. In May, 1911, he left the public service, in which he was connected with many important works, to enter upon private practice, but has been retained as consulting engineer by the public works department in a number of important matters such as the preparation of Canada’s case against the Chicago drainage canal and the report on the plans submitted to the government by the Montreal Tunnel Company and by the Montreal Central Terminal Company. Mr. Surveyer is a member of the St. Lawrence River commission, is engineer for various municipalities and is a member of a number of professional societies and associations, including the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers, the International Federation of Consulting Engineers and the Hydrotechnic Society of France. Thoroughness has characterized all that he has undertaken. That quality was manifest in his preparation for his profession. He was a most discriminating and earnest student and in his practice he has lost sight of no detail of his work and at the same time has given due prominence to its most important problems and features. His entire professional career has been characterized by continuous advancement.

J. F. OLIVAR ASSELIN.

J. F. Olivar Asselin was born at St. Hilarion, in Charlevoix county, P. Q., November 8, 1874, a son of Rieule and Cedulie (Tremblay) Asselin, the latter of whom is still living. He emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1892, and in Fall River, Massachusetts, J. F. Olivar Asselin was for two years employed in the cotton mills.

Taking up journalism, he was at first connected with small French weekly publications. He afterward became editor of La Tribune, a Woonsocket, Rhode Island, daily, in which capacity he enjoyed the friendship and confidence of the Hon. Mr. A. J. Pothier, then lieutenant governor, and now governor of Rhode Island. While practicing his profession in Woonsocket, Mr. Asselin was principal of an evening public school in that city in 1897 and 1898.

He was the first man to enlist in the First Rhode Island Volunteers, at the breaking out of the Spanish-American War.

Returning to Canada in 1900, he was successively connected with the Montreal Herald, La Patrie, Le Journal, La Presse, La Nationaliste and Le Devoir, with a two years intermission--1901-1903--during which he was private secretary to the Hon., now Sir Lomer Gouin, then minister of colonization and public works of the province of Quebec. In 1902 he organized the Nationalist league, being for several years president of the Montreal branch. This indicates his deep interest in political problems and to disseminate the principles in which he believed, he founded La Nationaliste as the organ of the party, and for a time was editor of that publication.

He has written much upon various subjects, his publications including a series of political brochures with the title, Feuilles de Combat. He is also the author of “A Quebec View of Canadian Nationalism, an Essay by a Dyed-in-the-Wool French-Canadian,” which was published in 1910.

He has been in business for four years as manager of the Credit Metropolitain, one of the well known real-estate and financial firms of Montreal.

In 1912, he was appointed by the federal government, a special commissioner to French and Belgium, to study the question of emigration from those countries to Canada. Mr. Asselin has made a special study of municipal questions, and is well known as a member of the National Municipal league, as well as a contributor to the Municipal Journal. Mr. Asselin stood twice as a candidate for parliamentary honors, without success, a result which, in one case at least, was said to be due to his caustic spirit. In 1913 he was elected general president of the great St. Jean Baptiste Society, the national society of the French.

In 1903 Mr. Asselin wedded Mlle. Alice Le Bouthillier of Montreal.

JOSEPH ASSELIN, M. D., C. M.

A specialist in the treatment of children’s diseases and prominently known in connection with both hospital and private practice, Dr. Joseph Asselin is one of the best known physicians of Montreal. He was born in Joliette, Quebec, August 10, 1858, a son of Eusebe and Elmire (Cornellier) Asselin. The father was a merchant and proprietor of an important seigneury.

Dr. Asselin acquired his classical education in Joliette College, and in further preparation for the profession which he had determined to make his life work, he studied for two and a half years in hospitals for children, in Paris, under the direction of such eminent men as Parrot, Bouchert, Simon and Descroizilles. Since entering upon active practice in Montreal his advancement has not only been continuous but rapid, winning speedy recognition for his ability. He has served as a director of the town dispensary of the Sisters of Providence, Montreal, an institution in which many thousands of children have been treated each year. He has also been physician of the Orphelinat St. Alexis at the corner of Mignonne and St. Denis Streets, Montreal.

On the 10th of October, 1883, Dr. Asselin was married to Miss Albina Laurier, daughter of Dr. Louis Laurier, and their family numbers five children. Dr. Asselin is a conservative in politics and in religious faith a Roman Catholic. He holds membership with the Independent Order of Foresters, but his chief interest is that of his profession. He gives untiringly of his service for the benefit of mankind and is highly esteemed not only by his colleagues but by the community generally.

LOUIS THEOPHILE MARECHAL.

In a profession where advancement depends entirely upon individual merit, talent and ability Louis Theophile Marechal has attained distinguished rank. Firmly entrenched in the principles of jurisprudence, he adds to his forensic knowledge and ability the rare gift of eloquence, which has been an effective force in winning for him a high position in his profession. He represents one of the old and distinguished French families in the Montreal district. His birth occurred at St. Henri, near Montreal, on the 13th of March, 1864, and in the pursuit of his education he spent some time as a student in Montreal College and in St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College. He afterward entered Laval University, where he pursued his law course until graduated with the class of 1889. The same year he was called to the bar and has since practiced as an advocate of Montreal. He was made a king’s counsel in 1903 and was appointed a councillor of the Montreal bar for the year 1908-9. His advancement in his profession has been continuous. He accurately applies law principles, being seldom, if ever, at fault in the citation of a fact or legal precedent. He speaks French and English with equal fluency and has been gifted with oratorical power that enables him to sway his hearers with the force of his eloquence. Moreover, his statements are convincing, and his legal utterances are always based upon a thorough understanding of the legal principles involved.

Mr. Marechal was united in marriage to Marie, the only daughter of Hon. C. B. de Boucherville, but lost his wife in death in 1902. His recognition of the duties and obligations of citizenship is manifest in many tangible ways. In politics he is a conservative of the pronounced type. He unsuccessfully contested St. Mary’s (Montreal) for the house of commons in the general election of 1904 and was again a candidate for the same seat in 1908. It is a recognized fact that he is a leader in party ranks and has done much to mold public thought and action. His religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. The spirit of progress dominates him in all things, especially in his professional and public relations, and his position of leadership is one to which his ability, public spirit and eloquence have brought him.

L. GEORGES BADEAUX, M. D.

Specializing in the treatment of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, Dr. Badeaux has won a merited place in his particular branch of the medical profession. A native of Three Rivers, Quebec, he is descended from a very old and prominent family, the ancestry being traced back to 1630, when Jacques Badeaux, who was one of the first notaries in Canada, settled at Beauport. In the direct line from Jacques Badeaux to the subject of this review, there were four notaries. The great-great-grandfather, Jean Baptiste Badeaux, who resided at Three Rivers, was also an author and journalist and among his literary productions was a journal relating to the American Invasion in 1775. His son, Joseph Badeaux, also a notary, was a member of the legislature from Three Rivers at Quebec during the Revolution of 1837.

Dr. Georges Badeaux, his son, and grandfather of Dr. L. Georges Badeaux, was a widely known physician of Three Rivers, where he engaged in practice for fifty-five years, or until the time of his death. He was the father of two sons and several daughters. One of his sons, Joseph Badeaux, was a physician at Three Rivers, but is now deceased. His only son is Dr. Joseph M. Badeaux, now engaged in the practice of medicine as successor to his father and grandfather.

Louis Badeaux, father of Dr. Badeaux, of this review, has always resided at Three Rivers, where for more than a quarter of a century he was engaged in the wholesale dry-goods business. He is now living retired.

Dr. L. Georges Badeaux was born March 21, 1886, in Three Rivers and acquired his classical education in St. Joseph’s College in his native place. In 1906 he began the study of medicine at Laval University, Quebec, and after spending two years there he entered Laval University at Montreal, from which he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1910.

He then began to make special study of the eye, ear, nose and throat at the Hotel Dieu, being assistant there in the treatment of the diseases of those organs. For the past three years Dr. Badeaux has been an assistant in practice to Dr. Albert Lassalle, the noted eye and ear specialist. For two years Dr. Badeaux was a professor in the demonstration of anatomy at Laval and he is a member of La Société Médicale de Montreal.

On the 28th of April, 1913, Dr. Badeaux was married in Montreal to Anita Fellay, a daughter of Ernest Fellay, of this city, and they have one child, Louis Jacques.

JAMES CHALMERS CAMERON, M. D.

Dr. James Chalmers Cameron, medical practitioner and educator of Montreal, was for thirty-eight years actively connected with the profession in this city, enjoying not only the respect of all with whom he came in contact but also the love and affectionate regard of those to whom he ministered in his professional capacity by reason of his ready sympathy and thorough understanding as well as his medical and surgical skill. Kindness and helpfulness might be termed the keynote of his character and those qualities constantly found expression in all the relations of his life. Ontario was proud to number him among her native sons, for as he developed his latent powers and energies he gained a wide reputation. He was born at Aultsville, Ontario, January 18, 1852, being the eldest son of Rev. James Y. Cameron, of the Presbyterian church, who after receiving his education in Edinburgh, under Dr. Thomas Chalmers, was actively connected with the ministry in Canada for a number of years, but later withdrew from that field to devote his energies to teaching. He conducted a private academy in Lundy’s Lane for several years and was later in turn principal of the Drummondville (Ont.) high school, the Williamstown (Ont.) high school and for a couple of years lecturer in classics and mathematics at the Presbyterian College, Montreal. Rev. J. Y. Cameron married Charlotte Ann Ault in 1851. Both husband and wife were descended from United Empire Loyalist families, who had sacrificed their homes in the American colonies to remain true to the British flag and settled in Glengarry.

Dr. Cameron began studying in the old Upper Canada College, Toronto, and by reason of his aptitude and close application became head boy of the school in 1870. He next entered McGill, where in four years he became first prize man in medicine, graduating in 1874. The succeeding three years were spent in connection with the General Hospital in Montreal, but in 1877 he severed his connection with that institution and in April of the same year sailed for Dublin, Ireland. He pursued post-graduate courses in medicine and surgery in Berlin, Paris and Vienna and thus he added greatly to his knowledge through acquaintance with the methods of practice of the most eminent physicians and surgeons of the old world. The chair of obstetrics at Bishop’s College was offered to Dr. Cameron when he returned from his first post-graduate course at the Rotunda and was at once accepted. He remained there until the chair at McGill was offered him, thus giving him wider opportunities. He became professor of obstetrics and infants’ diseases at his alma mater, holding that chair for twenty-six years and contributing in large measure to the success of the medical department. He believed always in raising the standards of medical education because of his clear recognition of the responsibilities devolving upon the practitioner and his labors and teachings were an inspiration to all who came under his instruction. While professor at McGill Dr. Cameron became associated with the old University Lying-in Hospital, which later became the Montreal Maternity Hospital, and Dr. Cameron’s work in behalf of that institution resulted largely in bringing it to its present standard of modern excellence. It was not only as practitioner and educator that Dr. Cameron became widely known but also as a contributor to various text-books on medicine, this gaining him a wide reputation. His treatises were written in English, French and German. He was well known in the United States and was elected an honorary fellow of the American Gynecological Society, besides being a member of many other leading societies connected with the medical profession. He was a member of the British Medical Association and the Edinburgh Obstetrical Society. For many years he was chief medical examiner for the Equitable Life Assurance Society in Montreal. He gained eminence as a lecturer on subjects of literary interest, his addresses on Robert Louis Stevenson and Robert Burns being especially well received.

Dr. Cameron was married in 1880 to Miss Elizabeth Jane Dakers, daughter of James Dakers, who was for thirty-five years secretary and manager of the Montreal Telegraph Company. Mrs. Cameron survives with one son, Dakers Cameron, of Montreal. Dr. Cameron is also survived by his mother and two brothers, Dr. John W. Cameron, of Buffalo, New York, and Wellington Ault Cameron, barrister, of Toronto.

The remarkable energy of Dr. Cameron found expression along other lines. He was for a time assistant surgeon of the Sixth Fusiliers. His name was on the membership role of the St. James and University Clubs and in 1874 he was initiated into Royal Albert Lodge, A. F. & A. M. Subsequently he became the principal mover in establishing the University Lodge, A. F. & A. M., which has rapidly grown in influence and includes many university graduates and students of McGill. He was the first worshipful master of this lodge and also an officer of the grand lodge of Quebec. In Masonry he attained the thirty-second degree. As specially appointed medical examiner for the German army, Dr. Cameron held a position unique in Canadian history, an honor which he valued very highly. He was also a member of the Teutonia Club. Dr. Cameron died suddenly on March 16, 1912. The funeral services were conducted according to Masonic rites, the religious ceremony taking place at St. Paul’s Presbyterian church, of which he was a member. One of the local papers said: “His every patient became his friend and his death is a loss to thousands.” The news of his demise, indeed, carried a sense of personal bereavement into many homes where his eminent skill and kindly ministrations had made him loved and honored. In all of his professional relations he approached the ideal because of his comprehensive knowledge and still more because of his deep human interest and sympathy. He regarded it as a sacred privilege and obligation to discharge the duties of his profession and his life embodied the thought of the philosopher who has said: “Not the good that comes to us but the good that comes to the world through us is the measure of our success.”

JOSEPH VENNE.

On the list of architects who have had to do with the building of Montreal appears the name of Joseph Venne, senior member of the well known firm of Venne & Labelle, and those who are to any extent familiar with the building operations that have been carried on here in the last third of a century know that he has figured prominently as one whose work combines the indispensable qualities of utility, comfort, convenience and adornment. He was born in Montreal, June 14, 1859, was educated in the Christian Brothers school of this city and, being a diligent student, creditably passed his examinations.

After putting aside his text-books he entered the office of Perrault & Mesnard, architects, and for many years was their head clerk. The high regard entertained for him by his employers is indicated in the advancement that came to him from time to time and his eventual admission to the firm under the style of Perrault, Mesnard & Venne, which partnership continued for several years when it was dissolved. Since 1912 he has been associated with Louis Labelle.

In 1882 Mr. Venne was united in marriage to Miss P. Boucher, a daughter of S. Boucher, Esq., of Montreal. A Roman Catholic in religious faith, he belongs to the St. Jean Baptiste Society and has been president of the Sacred Heart section. In politics he is a liberal. Along professional lines his connection is with the provincial Association of Architects, and through his identification with that organization he keeps in touch with the advanced work and progressive ideas of representative men of the profession and also contributes from his experience and wisdom to its discussions and conferences.

NIEL H. ASSELIN.

The name of Niel H. Asselin has become a familiar one in commercial circles in Montreal, where he occupies the important and responsible position of general agent of the Singer Sewing Machine Company for eastern Canada. He was born in 1845 at St. Michel, Bellechase county, in the province of Quebec, and supplemented his preliminary education by study in the St. Michel Commercial College. He reached what may be termed his métier by a somewhat circuitous course. He started with the Grand Trunk Railway in the position of operator and stationmaster at Hadlow in 1863 and left that position to accept one in the office of the prothonotary for the Quebec district, in which capacity he served for six years. He then resigned to travel in the boot and shoe trade, and in 1874 came into active connection with the sewing machine business as representative of the Howe Sewing Machine Company. When this went into liquidation he made his way to the United States and joined the sales force of the Wheeler & Wilson & Domestic Sewing Machine Company.

Upon returning to Canada in 1884, Mr. Asselin entered the employ of the White Sewing Machine Company as its representative in Quebec, the maritime provinces and Newfoundland. In 1891 he joined the Singer Sewing Machine Company at Quebec as its manager for half of the province and a part of New Brunswick. In 1903 he was advanced to the position of superintendent and in 1905 became general agent for all eastern Canada, comprising Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, with headquarters in the Board of Trade building in Montreal. Here with an office staff of fifteen under his control and twenty-eight regular shops, thirty-two contract shops and four hundred outside employes under his jurisdiction, he may well be said to hold the blue ribbon position in sewing machine circles in Canada.

Mr. Asselin has a fluent command of both English and French and is a cultured, genial gentleman, whose popularity arises from attractive social qualities as well as pronounced business ability.

ROBERT T. MULLIN.

Robert T. Mullin, one of the able and successful advocates in Montreal, is a representative of a well known Canadian family whose members settled in the Dominion about 1810. He was born in 1870 at Bryson, province of Quebec, and after completing his preliminary education, entered McGill University at Montreal. He was graduated from the law department in 1896, with first rank honors, and he was also a gold medallist in Roman law in his graduating year. While at McGill, Mr. Mullin was a member of the Literary and Debating Society and was also editor in chief of the “McGill Fortnightly.” He was called to the bar in 1900, beginning the practice of his profession in this city in partnership with Colonel J. P. Cooke, who later became registrar, the firm name being Cooke & Mullin. This connection was productive of mutually beneficial results and was maintained until 1910 when it was dissolved. Mr. Mullin later was a member of the firm of De Boucherville, Mullin & Mathieu, but since 1912 he has been alone in practice. Mr. Mullin is at all times a strong and forceful practitioner, well versed in underlying legal principles and possessed of the insight, keenness of perception and powers of deduction necessary to make his knowledge effective. He controls a large and important clientage and is very successful in its conduct, standing today in the front ranks of reliable and competent advocates in Montreal.

At the inception of the Cobalt mining activities, Mr. Mullin became interested in various mining properties, and he has had considerable success along this line of industry and has played a conspicuous part in the development of various mining properties. His operations have been so successful that his judgment has been profitably followed by others in the mining world.

Mr. Mullin is connected with the Masonic fraternity and with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and is active in the affairs of the local branches of both organizations. Mr. Mullin has done valiant service in the ranks of the liberal party. He has always been an enthusiastic supporter of Sir Wilfrid Laurier and ready to respond to his party’s call at any time. In the city where practically his entire active life has been passed his signal ability has gained him the respect of his professional brethren, while his constant courtesy and sterling qualities of character command everywhere high honor and regard.

J. A. ST. JULIEN, K. C.

J. A. St. Julien, K. C., was a member of the prominent and well known law firm of St. Julien & Theberge, having offices at No. 60 Notre Dame Street East. During the years of his connection with the Montreal bar he attained an enviable place in the practice of his profession.

Mr. St. Julien was a native son of Montreal, born in 1855. Liberal educational opportunities qualified him for important professional service. His early studies were supplemented by a course in the Montreal College, Laval University and in McGill University and from the last named institution he was graduated with the degree of B. C. L. He entered upon the active practice of his chosen profession in 1882 and was continuously before the courts from that time until his death. His ability was pronounced for he was ever a careful and discriminating student of the principles of law and was accurate in the application thereof. His devotion to his clients’ interests was proverbial, yet he never forgot that he owed a still higher allegiance to the majesty of the law, and neither the zeal of an advocate nor the pleasure of success permitted him to disregard this. His political allegiance was given to the liberal party, but he was never an aspirant for office, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his professional interests and perform his public service as a private citizen. His death occurred May 4, 1914, and was deeply regretted by all who knew him. In his demise Montreal lost one of her foremost representatives of the legal profession and a citizen who was always loyal to his city.

HON. CHARLES LAURENDEAU.

Hon. Charles Laurendeau, chief city attorney, the head of the city’s legal department, is one of the able members of the legal profession in Montreal. The Hon. Mr. Laurendeau belongs to one of the oldest families in the province of Quebec. He was born at St. Barthelemy, in 1865, and was educated at L’Assomption College and Laval University. In the latter institution he pursued the study of law and was graduated with the LL. B. degree in 1892.

In the same year he began practice as an advocate, and rapidly won a foremost position among his colleagues until his ability and power to successfully cope with the intricate and involved problems of jurisprudence became widely known.

He was at one time associated in practice with Justice Fortin, subsequently becoming the head of the law firm of Laurendeau, Pelletier & Pelletier. He was created king’s counsel in 1906, and on July 6, 1910, was honored with the appointment of puisne judge of the superior court of the province of Quebec.

Advancement at the bar is proverbially slow and yet he has progressed step by step, putting his knowledge to the practical test in his application of legal principles to the points at issue, in which connection he is seldom at fault.

Judge Laurendeau resigned his position on the bench, to accept the far more arduous one of city attorney, to which he was appointed October 26, 1913.

Judge Laurendeau is married to Miss Georgina Beaudet, the eldest daughter of G. J. Beaudet, of Coteau-du-Lac, P. Q. Judge and Mrs. Laurendeau hold membership in the Catholic church. The hospitality of their attractive home is enjoyed by many friends, and Judge Laurendeau is well known and honored among his professional colleagues by reason of his strict conformity to the highest ethics of the law.

WILL. H. WHYTE.

Will. H. Whyte, prominent and successful in the insurance profession and an eminent representative of Masonry in Canada, was born in Montreal, March 15, 1850, the eldest son of the late James Whyte of “The Greenlaw,” Paisley, Scotland, and Annie Gray (Shanks) Whyte, whose girlhood home was at Berwick on Tweed.

Will. H. Whyte became a student at the Montreal Collegiate school and entered business circles in connection with the wholesale dry-goods house of Ogilvy & Company. The steps in his orderly progression are easily discernible and his course has been marked by a continuous advance along lines of constantly broadening activity and usefulness. For six years he was business manager of the Montreal Herald when the Hon. Peter Mitchell was the principal owner and president. Since 1897 his attention has been given to the insurance business, and his constantly expanding powers have brought him into prominent relations with the profession. He is now secretary-treasurer and underwriter of the Royal Marine Insurance Company of Montreal.

His business connections alone would entitle him to distinction, yet he has, perhaps, an even wider acquaintance through his Masonic associations. Indeed, few Canadian Masons are better known throughout the Masonic world. He was initiated in Prince Consort Lodge, No. 52, and was installed worshipful master in December, 1876. He was elected to a number of important offices in the grand lodge and became grand secretary of the grand lodge of Quebec in January, 1902. He has passed through the various branches of Royal Arch Masonry and was grand first principal Z. of the grand chapter of Quebec, holding the office for the years 1888-9. He has held the office of grand scribe E. from 1893. He received the Cryptic degrees and has been illustrious grand master of the grand council of the maritime provinces. He was knighted as a Knight Templar in 1882 and was supreme grand master in 1895 and 1896 of the sovereign great priory of Canada and has been grand chancellor since 1897. He was the second Knight Templar to be elected an honorary member of the grand encampment, K. T., of the United States at the triennial conclave in Chicago in 1910. He is a member of the Ancient Arabic Order of the Mystic Shrine and of the Royal Order of Scotland. The many important offices he has held, as well as his reviews and historical sketches have brought him very prominently before the Masonic craft for many years.

In former years Mr. Whyte was an active athlete and supporter of amateur athletics. He was one of the founders and is the historian of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association. He has also served as one of its directors. He was likewise president of the Montreal Lacrosse Club in 1885-6; was vice president and secretary for six years of the Montreal Snowshoe Club; is one of the oldest members of the Dominion Commercial Travelers’ Association; is a life member of the Caledonian Society; a member of St. Andrew’s Society; and of the Board of Trade of Montreal.

On the 3d of January, 1882, Mr. Whyte married Almeda Garratt, a daughter of the late Captain Robert Nelson Garratt of Kingston, Ontario, a representative of one of the families longest connected with the history of the city of Kingston. They are members of the American Presbyterian church, and they delight in dispensing the hospitality of their home at No. 4290 Western Avenue, Westmount.

JAMES PATON.

James Paton, a well known citizen of Montreal, died November 17, 1905. He was born in this city in 1853, a son of Laird Paton, a distinguished citizen of Montreal, who was at the head of the firm of Laird Paton & Sons, contractors.

It was to that business that James Paton turned his attention, when his school days were over, joining his father and acquainting himself with every phase of the business in which he was destined to win substantial success. The firm of Laird Paton & Sons took high rank among the contractors of the city and erected many of Montreal’s best buildings. James Paton was capable of watching and directing the slightest detail as well as the most important features of his business and could turn with equal energy and enthusiasm to sporting events. In a word, he had the power of concentrating his entire energy upon the interest of the moment and it was this that gained him prominence along each line. Whenever the name of James Paton was seen in connection with any sport, it was a guarantee that it was clean and honest and he rendered great service to the city in the promotion of amateur sports. He belonged to the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association and was one of the moving spirits in the development of that organization and in the efforts which eventually lead to the securing of the present handsome quarters of the organization on Peel Street. He was also instrumental in securing the establishment of its swimming-pool and he belonged to the Montreal and Caledonian Curling Clubs, was always ready to take an active part in the water carnivals, and was a favorite of the membership in the different organizations with which he was identified. He found pleasure and manifested marked proficiency in ice-boating and tobogganing. He loved sailing and seemed a born sailor, displaying great ability in managing his craft and taking part in many sailing contests of note.

Mr. Paton married Miss Annie M. Thompson of Ottawa and they had four children. He was but fifty-two years of age at the time of his death. He possessed in a large measure the quality of camaraderie and his friends were legion so that his death was deeply regretted outside the immediate family circle.

RICHEMONT LE MOYNE DE MARTIGNY.

Richemont Le Moyne de Martigny, for many years engaged in the real-estate business in Montreal, was born at Varennes, Quebec, September 25, 1852, and is descended from a distinguished French family that was founded in Canada in 1654. Of the three brothers who first crossed the Atlantic to the new world Charles became governor of Montreal, Jacques established himself at Varennes and was a farmer and active participant in the early Indian wars, while Pierre proceeded westward to what is now Detroit.

Prime de Martigny, father of Richemont Le Moyne de Martigny, was a farmer at Varennes, well known in both military and official connections, serving as colonel of the militia and mayor of Varennes. He married Charlotte Perreault, of Quebec, and their sons were: Prime, a physician of Omaha, Nebraska; Richemont Le Moyne; and Alexander, chief engineer of the Ottawa River Navigation Company.

The second son was educated at L’Assomption College and studied law with La Coste & Globesky, of Montreal. In 1881 he was admitted to the bar and practiced his profession until 1885, when he devoted himself to the real-estate business, in which he has since been successfully engaged. It is generally conceded that he is one of the best informed men on real estate in the entire province. He is an expert valuator of property, and his knowledge of the real-estate market embraces every important piece of property that is offered for sale. A spirit of enterprise characterizes all of his business dealings and, guiding his activities, has brought him to a position of distinction and success.

In 1880 Mr. de Martigny was married, in L’Assomption, to Marie Louise Levesque, and they have one daughter, Jacqueline. Mr. de Martigny is a conservative in politics and in religious faith is a Roman Catholic. He has ever been fond of outdoor life, is an enthusiastic fisherman and spends much of his leisure in engaging in that sport.

HON. NAPOLEON CHARBONNEAU, K. C.

Hon. Napoleon Charbonneau, K. C., and a puisne judge of the superior court of the province of Quebec since 1903, was admitted to the bar in 1879 and in the intervening period has made continuous progress in his profession until he is today one of the leaders of the provincial bar. He was born at Cote des Neiges, Quebec, on the 12th of February, 1853, his parents being Augustin and Julienne (Dufort) Charbonneau. In the acquirement of his education he attended Montreal College and after thorough preparation for the bar was admitted to practice in 1879 and entered upon the active work of the profession in Montreal. At one time he was a partner of the late Senator Trudel and of the Hon. L. O. Taillon. He has successfully pleaded before the judicial committee of the privy council, and on the 11th of March, 1903, he was made a puisne judge, remaining continuously upon the bench to the present time. The Montreal Standard speaks of him as “a judge of uncommon perspicacity, thoroughly sound in his law and swift in his perception of relevant facts and issues; there are not two opinions as to his ability.”

Judge Charbonneau’s public activity aside from his service on the bench has been partially in connection with political affairs. He unsuccessfully contested Jacques Cartier for the house of commons in the liberal interest at the general election in 1887 and in 1895 was elected at the by-election. He was appointed a royal commissioner for the province to inquire into the charges against the Hon. A. Turgeon in 1907. His attention, however, has largely been confined to his professional duties, and he has gained eminence in a calling where advancement depends entirely upon individual merit. Endowed by nature with strong intellectual power, he has so directed his reading and his activities as to have won place among the eminent judges of the province.

The present wife of Judge Charbonneau was Mlle. Lemieux. His religious belief is that of the Roman Catholic church. He maintains his residence in Montreal at No. 36 Simpson Street. His summer outing affords him opportunity for cruising, and he and his family are enthusiastic over this form of recreation. His launch, the Mouette, is much enjoyed. His circle of friends is select rather than large, and he is often found in those gatherings where intelligent men are met in the discussion of vital and significant themes and problems.

GEORGES ALPHONSE MONETTE.

Foremost in his profession in Montreal is Georges Alphonse Monette, architect, whose skill finds tangible expression in some of the most beautiful and substantial structures of the city. A native of Montreal, he is a son of Georges and Domithilde (Beauchamp) Monette. The father, now deceased, was a contractor. The mother is still a resident of this city.

G. A. Monette acquired his early education in the Christian Brothers school and began the study of architecture in the office of A. F. Dunlop, a well known architect, with whom he remained for five years. He received a diploma from the Associate Architects of the Province of Quebec in 1892 and soon afterward went to Boston, Massachusetts, where he studied in the offices of a number of the leading architects of that city. He then returned to Montreal and entered the office of Perrault & Mesnard, architects, subsequently engaging in business for himself about a score of years ago. While he has a large general practice, he specializes in public buildings work and substantial evidence of his ability may be seen in the La Patrie building, the large block of H. P. Labelle & Company, Ltd., the dental department building of Laval University, the St. Leo Catholic church of Westmount and a number of school and convent buildings. That he ranks notably high in his profession is indicated by the fact that he has been admitted to membership in various important organizations, including the Province of Quebec Association of Architects and the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, while of the Architectural League of New York he is an associate member.

Mr. Monette was married in Montreal to Maria Versailles, a daughter of Nazaire Versailles of Montreal, and they have the following children: Antonio, Cecile, Gertrude, Marcal, Adrienne, Eugene and Hector. Mr. Monette is a member of the Club St. Denis and has attractive social qualities, which have won him popularity and prominence in a friendship circle that is extensive. His interests, however, have been concentrated upon his profession with the result that his position is now one of recognized leadership.

MAXIME DAOUST.

There is probably no other line of business that is a factor in a city’s growth and development equal to the real-estate business, when conducted by men who are reliable and who aim to develop only properties of merit and value. Included among such men is Maxime Daoust, president and founder of the Daoust Realty, Limited.

Mr. Daoust was born in St. Clet, P. Q., November 10, 1873, son of Leon and Olive Daoust. When he was six years of age his parents removed to Labelle county and there Mr. Daoust received his education. In 1893 he went to the United States and was employed in various places in New England until February, 1898, when he enlisted as a volunteer in the United States marines for service in the Spanish-American war, which then seemed imminent.

He was among the first troops landed on Cuban soil at Guantanamo, June 10, 1898, participating in the fight at that place. He remained in Cuba until August, when he was detailed as one of the guard to accompany the Spanish prisoners, survivors of Cervera’s fleet, to Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

Mr. Daoust remained in the United States service until the expiration of his enlistment, after which he returned to Canada in 1900 and for some time was employed at the trade of brass molder in Montreal. He then entered the fire and life insurance field as an agent, at which he achieved success so that in 1904 he had accumulated capital sufficient to engage in the real-estate business in a small way. He formed a partnership with the late Joseph Charrau under firm name of Charrau & Daoust, and the first subdivision handled by them was Frontenac Park, owned by the estate of Henry Hogan, the land being then an open field. This tract comprised twenty-five hundred lots, and today this property is populated by over five hundred families and its location is now the geographical center of Montreal. The firm quickly won a reputation for straight and honorable dealings so that when their subsequent subdivisions, Estate Viau and Christian Brothers, were placed on the market, it was not the merits of the properties alone that made them in demand.

Mr. Daoust later purchased the interest of Mr. Charrau and in 1908 the Daoust Realty, Limited, was formed with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, Mr. Daoust becoming president and manager. Up to that time he had financed his own properties, but he realized that to carry out his huge land schemes he would require more capital, hence his company. Since then the Daoust Realty, Limited, has done some of the largest real-estate business in the city. In June, 1913, the capital of the company was increased to two hundred and fifty thousand dollars.

They are sole agents for Mount Lasalle Park, Mount Lasalle Annex Park and Champlain Park in Rosemount ward; Bernard Terrace, Bernard Plateau and Alliance Park in Longue-Pointe ward; St. Helen’s Park and Coteau Rouge Park, near town of Montreal South; St. Lambert Heights, near town of St. Lambert; Chambly Basin Park, Chambly, P. Q.; and Montreal East Extension, Pointe-aux-Trembles, these properties representing a carrying value of over three million dollars. Mr. Daoust is vice president of the Mackay Realty, Limited, a member of the Board of Trade and the Chambre de Commerce.

In politics he is a liberal and in religion a Roman Catholic. He is fond of athletic sports and is president of the National Sporting Club, Limited. Mr. Daoust was one of the first men in Canada to become interested in aviation and has spent thousands for furthering that science. He has built four machines, the designing and building being done in this district. The first two were failures, but notwithstanding the large expense he persevered until his courage and enthusiasm were rewarded by his machines making successful flights.

On June 20, 1905, Mr. Daoust was married to Amelia Clement, daughter of Samuel Clement of Pointe Claire, Quebec, and they have two children, Farnand and Jule-Berthe.

Mr. Daoust is a self-made man in the fullest sense of that term. He possesses many admirable qualities and a character of sterling worth. He is devoted to his home and family, is faithful in friendship and loyal to every interest to which he gives his support. He possesses marked business enterprise with ability to recognize opportunities that others pass heedlessly by and early grasped the eternal truth that industry wins, making industry the beacon light of his life, and has thereby entered into most important business relations. He has accomplished important and far-reaching results and has contributed in no small degree to the expansion and material growth of the community.

FRANCOIS GEORGE CREPEAU.

François George Crépeau, a representative of the notarial profession in active practice in Montreal since 1890, was born at St. Henri de Mascouche, Quebec, on the 25th of May, 1865, a son of Charles and Mathilde (Magnan) Crépeau. The ancestry of the family can be traced back to Paul Crépeau of Laverdure. The next in the line of descendants was T. Maurice Crépeau, major of militia, who married Marie Andet of St. Jean, isle of Orleans. Their son, Charles Crépeau, wedded Agnes Chartrand and their son, Charles Crépeau was married in 1765 to Françoise Gravel near Quebec. They were the parents of Joseph Crépeau, grandfather of François George Crépeau. He married Madeleine Allard, and they were parents of Charles Crépeau, father of our subject. The family were largely agriculturists and the old homestead which has been occupied by the family for over one hundred and fifty years, is now owned by Octave Crépeau, a brother of François George Crépeau. The father’s family numbered fifteen children, four of whom passed away, while six sons and five daughters are yet living and all are well and strong.

After the ordinary school training François George Crépeau attended an academy and followed his academical course by study in l’Assomption College. He won his degree at the College of Montreal and Laval University, being graduated LL. B. in 1890. Having studied law and prepared for the notarial profession, he entered upon active practice, in which he has since continued, his ability bringing him to his present position as a prominent representative of his chosen calling. His practice is very extensive and in addition he has other business investments, being a director of the Funeral Expense Society and of La Cie Mutuelle d’Immeubles, Ltee.

On the 25th of May, 1891, Mr. Crépeau was married to Miss Marie Louise Lecours, a daughter of Théophile and Marie (Prefontaine) Lecours, representatives of one of the old French families of the province. The children of this marriage are: George Henry, a photographer, who married Juliette Robillard; Joseph Roumald; M. Jeanne; M. Juliette; M. Emérentienne; and J. C. Bernard. The religious faith of the family is that of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. Crépeau holds membership with the Canadian Order of Foresters, and the Independent Order of Foresters. He also belongs to the Société Des Artisans, to the Knights of Columbus, to l’Union St. Pierre and l’Alliance Nationale.

ARSENE S. BROSSEAU, D. D. S.

Comprehensive knowledge of the science of dentistry, skill in its mechanical phases and close adherence at all times to the highest standards of the profession has made Dr. Arsene S. Brosseau one of the leading and best known dentists of Montreal. Moreover, he is one of the oldest, if not the oldest, in length of practice in the city. He was born January 22, 1861, in L’Acadie, P. Q., a son of Jacques and Catherine (Demerce) Brosseau. The parents were for many years highly esteemed residents of Montreal, but both are now deceased.

Dr. Brosseau acquired his early education in the Christian Brothers school in Montreal and then took up the study of dentistry at Laval University, being graduated in 1883. He began practice in the office of Dr. John C. Nichols, with whom he remained for five years, and later he spent three years in the office of Dr. Edmund Mathieu. Later he began practice on his own account and has since continued alone. He has continuously promoted his knowledge through broad reading and investigation, keeping in touch with the advanced thought of the profession. His practice comes to him from the best class of Montreal citizens and is very extensive. Splendidly equipped is his office, showing all the latest appliances known to modern dentistry, and back of all his success is the sound judgment which enables him to understand the specific needs of each case and to apply the necessary corrective. Reputation has placed him in a foremost position in the ranks of the dental fraternity in this city.

Dr. Brosseau was married in Montreal, in 1883, to Miss Fannie Robert, a daughter of Julien Robert, and they had two children: Lotta, who died in early life; and Leo. In club circles Dr. Brosseau is known as a popular member of the Club St. Denis and Club Canadien. He belongs to the Roman Catholic church and is a liberal in politics. In matters of moment to the individual and to the community he maintains the same spirit of progress which characterizes him in his professional activity, yet he has always made his profession his chief interest and has obtained a splendid practice. He has ever attended strictly to the duties incumbent upon him in that connection, being possessed of excellent business qualifications and a most attractive personality, which has been a large asset in his success. His is a splendid type of manhood and citizenship, and his record is a credit to the profession.

JOSEPH AUGUSTIN ODILON LA BADIE.

Joseph Augustin Odilon La Badie, one of the best known notaries of Montreal, was born May 12, 1852, at the family home on St. James Street, between Roy Street and David Lane. His grandfather, Joseph Augustin La Badie, also a native of Montreal, studied with Jean Marie Cadieux, a notary, and for many years had his office and also his home in the building which stood at the corner of St. Lambert Hill and St. James Street, now the corner of St. Laurence boulevard and St. James Street. He was devoted to his profession, spending the hours from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. in his office. He was asked to become mayor of Montreal but declined the honor. He served as colonel of a volunteer regiment and was a warden of Notre Dame Cathedral. He married Louise Grenier, who was also of an old Montreal family, and to them were born eighteen children. Joseph A. La Badie passed away in 1885, at the advanced age of eighty years.

Joseph Evariste Odilon La Badie, father of J. A. O. La Badie of this review, was born in the old home at the corner of St. Lambert Hill and St. James Street. He attended Montreal College and in his father’s office prepared for the practice of the notarial profession. In the home in which he was born he continued to practice with his father until 1864, when the old building was razed and a new one erected on the same site. In the latter he continued to practice his profession until his death, which occurred in August, 1908, when he was eighty years of age. He was chief warden of Notre Dame Cathedral and was a prominent and influential citizen. He married Sophie Jeannotte, a native of Montreal, and they lived to celebrate their golden wedding. Mrs. La Badie passed away April 13, 1906. They had a family of seven children: Joseph Augustin Odilon; Adolphe, a notary of Montreal; Felix, a practicing physician of Montreal; Joseph Esdras, a real estate dealer of New York city; Flora, who died in childhood; Sophie, the deceased wife of Louis Belanger, a lawyer; and Alphonse, a broker, who died in Montreal in 1908.

Joseph Augustin Odilon La Badie pursued his education in the normal school and in the Jesuit College, from which he was graduated. In 1874 he won the degree of B. C. L. from McGill University and on the 8th of May, of that year, he was made a notary at Laval University in Quebec. He then began practice with his father and grandfather and has ever maintained high standing in his profession.

Mr. La Badie has been an extensive traveler. As a young man he engaged in ranching in Colorado and during his sojourn in the west learned much of that section of the United States. He has also made many trips abroad. He is a great lover of nature and a student of botany. The library which he has collected contains more than six thousand volumes, many of which are rare editions. This is an indication of his cultured taste and wide interest in literary matters. His summer home for the past twenty-one years has been at Upper St. Lambert, where he has two fine farms and makes a specialty of cheese making. Mr. La Badie is very fond of hunting, a recreation in which he indulges every year.

Though over three score years of age, Mr. La Badie is of magnificent physique, his muscles as hard as iron, and he has the appearance of a man twenty years his junior. In his office is a long table, four feet wide, over which he can jump without touching it with his hands and he can lift a weight of one hundred and eighty-seven pounds with one hand. His interests have largely covered those things which are essential and valuable elements in life. He has been a student of many questions of public moment and has filled some offices, being now a commissioner of the superior court and a justice of the peace. For one hundred and ten years the La Badies of four generations have been notaries at the present location. The great-grandfather of Joseph A. O. La Badie died at the home where Joseph E. O. La Badie was born. The family is, indeed, one of the oldest and most prominent in Montreal.

Mr. La Badie is not a club man. His interest centers in his home and his family, which he prefers to club life. On the 7th of October, 1877, he married Aurelia de Lompré, of an old Montreal family, and to them have been born seventeen children: Raoul, a civic employe; Odilon, who is in his father’s office; Paul, a notary; Florida, deceased; Jeanne; Germaine; Marie Antoinette; Camile; Alice; Leo; Amanda; Adolphe; Alice; Emile; Pauline; Gabriel; and Cecile.

ARTHUR GIBEAULT, B. A., LL. L.

Arthur Gibeault, a Laval man, active in the practice of law since January, 1902, has been retained as counsel for the defense or prosecution in many notable cases heard in the Montreal courts. He was born on the 26th of February, 1880, a son of Arthur Alphonse and Elizabeth Emma (Morrissette) Gibeault. The father was for seven years provincial chief ranger of the Catholic Order of Foresters. The son was a student in Montreal College for eight years, from September, 1890, until July, 1898. In September of the latter year he entered Laval University, where he remained until December 21, 1901, winning the Bachelor of Arts and LL. L. degrees. He was admitted as a lawyer and barrister to the bar of Quebec on the 17th of January, 1902, and has since been actively connected with the profession, in which he has made steady advancement, already having won a place of equal rank with many an older representative of the bar. He was attorney and counsel for the school commissioners of Hochelaga for many years and as counsel tried many immigration cases. He was especially prominent in the case of Gaetanetta Imparato, who was deported to Italy and subsequently returned to Canada pursuant to an appeal made by Mr. Gibeault in her favor. He represented Sarah Kositzky in her appeal before the department of immigration of the United States and obtained a commission of three medical men to examine her. The decision of the first board was afterward reversed by this commission. Mr. Gibeault’s name appears in connection with other important cases which have attracted widespread interest not only in Canada but also in the United States.

Mr. Gibeault is a conservative and was prime minister of the mock parliament of Laval in 1899 and head of the conservative ministry, while the leader of the opposition was J. W. Pilon, a well known lawyer of Montreal. That Mr. Gibeault possesses marked histrionic as well as legal talent is indicated in the fact that during the year 1904-5 the Greek drama of Antigone by Sophocles was played in Greek, on which occasion he took the role of Ismene and the role of Antigone was taken by D. Lalonde, now Father Lalonde, P. S. S., one of the directors of Montreal College, while the role of Creon was played by J. F. St. Cyr, now district magistrate of St. Johns, Iberville. The production of the play in Greek created a tremendous sensation at the time because it was an achievement unheard of before.

On the 26th of June, 1905, Mr. Gibeault was married to Marie Jeanne Phaneuf, daughter of L. A. Phaneuf, notary public of Rigaud, and Marie Joseph Adam. Mrs. Gibeault is a niece of the Rt. Rev. Canon F. L. T. Adam, of Montreal, and Father J. Adam, S. J. Mr. and Mrs. Gibeault have three children, Yves, Marc and Madeleine. The religious faith of the family is that of the Catholic church and Mr. Gibeault is a leading member of the Independent Order of Foresters. Possessed of natural oratorical ability, his power in that direction, supplementing the analytical trend of his mind and added to his broad knowledge of the law, has gained him distinction as one of the younger members of the Montreal bar.

DIOSCORE ALFRED BENOIT, M. D.

Dioscore Alfred Benoit, M. D., prominent in the field of medical practice, making a specialty of obstetrics and gynecology, was born in Montreal on the 26th of July, 1880, a son of Lucien and Albina (Bourdon) Benoit, the former a native of Contrecoeur and the latter of Lavaltrie, Quebec. The paternal grandfather, Isaac Benoit, was born in Geneva, Switzerland, a member of an old French family of rank established in Switzerland at the time that Louis XIV issued the revocation of the edict of Nantes. Some years after his arrival in Canada Isaac Benoit embraced the Catholic religion.

Dr. Benoit pursued a commercial course in a Catholic school and his classical course in St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College. Having determined upon the practice of medicine as his life work he entered Laval University wherein he completed the medical course with the class of 1906. During the succeeding year he was interne in Notre Dame Hospital and then went abroad to continue his medical studies in Paris, where he remained for two years, making a specialty of obstetrics and gynecology. Upon his return he was made demonstrator of anatomy in Laval University which position he occupied for a year. He next became adjoint professor in obstetrics and medicine to Laval University and adjoint professor to the Catholic Maternity Hospital. He is a member of the Medical Society of Montreal and the profession as well as the public recognize the high position which he has attained in the field in which he specializes. His reading and investigations have been deep and broad, and his opinions are largely accepted as authority upon points in question concerning the obstetrical practice. In politics Dr. Benoit is a conservative according to the views of Macdonald and Cartier with tendencies toward the nationalist. His religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. His entire life has been passed in Montreal, save for the period spent in study abroad. He there came under the instruction of some of the most eminent physicians and surgeons of Paris, returning well equipped for the arduous and responsible duties of a profession in which he has made continuous advancement. Dr. Benoit’s office is at 945a, St. Denis Street.

J. LOUIS MICHAUD.

J. Louis Michaud, district engineer of public works of Canada for the district of Montreal, was born November 27, 1851, at Rimouski, province of Quebec. He is descended from an old family of St. Denis, county of Kamouraska. His father was Tobie Michaud, a contractor and builder, and his mother was Felicitée Fournier.

J. Louis Michaud was educated at the Classical Seminary at Rimouski and studied engineering with Charles Baillarge, an eminent engineer of Quebec, for two years, and then for two years was connected with the engineering department of the Intercolonial Railway. On the 19th of April, 1878, he was admitted to practice as a licensed land surveyor at Quebec and the recognition of his skill and ability came to him in April, 1882, when he was made Dominion land surveyor at Ottawa. In 1883 he came to Montreal to reside, but his work for the Dominion in surveying the Canadian northwest continued until 1889. From that year until 1896 he was engaged in private practice in Montreal and an extensive clientage was accorded him. He is recognized as one of the best versed men in the science of his profession as well as in all the practical phases of the business. In 1896 he was appointed district engineer of public works for the district of Montreal and has since conscientiously and capably discharged the duties of that position.

In 1880 Mr. Michaud was married, at Matane, Rimouski county, Quebec, to Henriette Bradley, who died in 1910. They had eleven children, three of whom died in childhood. Two of the number, Albert, aged seventeen years, and René, aged fifteen, met death by drowning at Ste. Anne de Bellevue. The surviving six are: Alexander, who is with the Canadian Light & Power Company; Edouard, a missionary priest in central Africa; Juliette; Adolph; Grazielle; and Gabrielle. In a review of the life work of J. Louis Michaud it is self-evident that his advancement has come through the development of his powers resulting from broad study and active practice in the profession. He holds to the highest standards, and his progression has been continuous. He is a member of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers and is a member of the Corporation of Land Surveyors in Quebec.

J. AUGUSTINE MANN.

J. Augustine Mann, one of the best known members of the Montreal bar, was born May 24, 1876, in the city where he still maintains his home, his parents being Eric and Agnes McWhirter (Bailey) Mann. For thirty-eight years Eric Mann was an engineer and architect of Montreal and in 1901 retired from business and returned to his native city of Edinburgh, Scotland, to live. Mr. and Mrs. Mann had two children: J. Augustine; and Mrs. Quincy Tucker, now a resident of Boston, Massachusetts.

The former was educated in Montreal, completing a course in McGill University with the class of 1901, at which time the B. C. L. degree was conferred upon him. While in McGill he was also a student in the office of Foster, Martin & Girouard. Upon his admission to the bar in 1901 this firm became Foster, Martin, Girouard & Mann and is now Foster, Martin, Mann, MacKinnon & Hackett. Mr. Mann was created a king’s counsel in 1911. His practice has been extensive, and his high reputation has been well won. Aside from his practice, he is now in business connections as a Canadian director of the N. K. Fairbanks Company.

Mr. Mann is a member of the Montreal Art Association, the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, the Montreal Club, the Montreal Jockey Club, the Montreal Curling Club and the Beaconsfield Golf Club. These associations indicate much of the nature of his interests and indicate him to be a broad-minded, cultured gentleman and also one of social nature.

Mr. Mann was married in Montreal to Miss Evelyn Gertrude Mann, and they are parents of two children: Dorothy and Audrey. The family residence is at No. 822 University Street and their summer home, Dornal Hall, is at Beaurepaire, Quebec.

JOSEPH WILFRID MICHAUD.

Joseph Wilfrid Michaud, senior member of the firm of Michaud & Des Rosiers, public accountants at 55 St. Francis Xavier Street in Montreal, is a native of the province of Quebec, his birth having occurred at St. Barthelemi on the 2d of August, 1872, his parents being Olivier and Stephenie (Paquin) Michaud. He was educated in the schools of his native town and in St. Viateur Academy. He began his business career as an accountant for the Western Loan & Trust Company, Ltd., and later became associated with Mr. A. W. Wilks as a member of a firm of public accountants under the style of Wilks & Michaud. For a number of years this firm occupied a prominent place in professional circles in Montreal. In 1911, following the dissolution of the partnership, Mr. Michaud joined Mr. Des Rosiers in forming the firm of Michaud & Des Rosiers. Their clientage is now extensive, and the volume of their business is justified by the capability of the members of the firm. Mr. Michaud is a director of the National Loan & Trust Company, Ltd., and also of the Sapho Manufacturing Company and thus along several lines has become closely associated with the business interests of the city.

In 1897 occurred the marriage of Mr. Michaud and Miss Rose Lafreniere, a daughter of Joseph Lafreniere. They have four children, Yvonne, Gerard, Paul and Lionel. The religious faith of the family is that of the Roman Catholic church, and Mr. Michaud holds membership in Club St. Denis. Identified with the interests of Montreal throughout the entire period of his business career, he has become well known, and enterprise and laudable ambition have brought him to his present enviable position.

JOSEPH ULRIC EMARD, K. C.

One of the distinguished members of the legal profession in Montreal, whose years of active practice extend through more than one third of a century, is Joseph Ulric Emard. Well versed in the science of his profession, a deep thinker, logical reasoner, he has long since occupied a foremost place among the strong and forceful Montreal bar.

Mr. Emard comes from one of the old and prominent families of the province of Quebec. His father, Medard Emard, was one of the best known and successful educators of his day, while his mother, previous to her marriage, was Mathilde Beaudin. His brother, Monseigneur J. M. Emard, now bishop of Valleyfield, was for years prominent in church work in Montreal and was attached to Archbishop Fabre’s personal staff at the Palace.

Joseph Ulric Emard was born March 27, 1855, at St. Constant, Laprairie county, Quebec. Reared in a home where education was valued at its true worth, he attended St. Hubert grammar school, then conducted by his father, and was afterward a student in a private school conducted by Abbé Villeneuve.

His entrance into business life was first as a clerk, but after a short time he entered Laval University, where he pursued his law course and was graduated LL. B. in 1881. He was called to the bar that same year, and at once entered upon active practice as an advocate, which he has followed ever since, with brilliant success. Mr. Emard has been connected with a number of important cases, among them being the famous Lachine Bridge case, which he won after a notable legal battle, making it the cause celebre of the day. He was appointed king’s counsel in 1903.

For some years Mr. Emard was associated in practice with Hon. J. Ald Ouimet, who is, at present, counsel in the firm of Emard & Emard, composed of Joseph U. Emard and son, Charles.

Mr. Emard’s interests, aside from the law, are diversified and extensive. Through the splendid use of his talents, as well as his sound business judgment and foresight, he has been very successful, not only as to the accumulation of worldly possessions, but also in the way of important and valuable work done which has given a decided impetus to the city’s progress and improvement. He was the founder of the town of Boulevard St. Paul, now Emard ward, and capably served as its mayor. After annexation he twice represented this ward on the city council as alderman.

Mr. Emard has a prominent connection with business affairs; his interests include mining, real-estate, industrial and financial companies, in a number of which he is a member of the directorate. His connection with corporations has brought him an intimate knowledge concerning corporation law. To some extent he has specialized in that field of practice, and his knowledge thereof is comprehensive and exact.

He is a member of the St. James Club, the Canadian Club and Club St. Denis. Of the last named he was president for a number of years. In 1903 he had been the chief promoter of Club Jacques Cartier. In 1884 he had been president of St. Jean Baptiste Society of the St. Vincent de Paul section. Mr. Emard’s political allegiance is given to the conservative party.

He was married to Miss Exilda Stuart of Montreal, and they belong to the Catholic church.

A man of fine personal appearance and keen intellectuality, his mind has been well trained, enabling him to readily meet any emergency with the consciousness that comes from a right perception of things and a strong regard for what is best in the exercise of human activities.

EMILIEN GADBOIS-VAN DAN DAIGUE.

Based upon an excellent professional education, Emilien Gadbois-Van dan Daigue has already made his mark in the legal profession in Montreal, where he practices as a member of the firm of La Mothe, Gadbois & Nantel. The first member of the Van dan Daigue family came to Canada in 1671 from Brussels, Belgium. Pierre Van dan Daigue Gadbois, of the Gadbois family, was born in 1574 and died on October 20, 1667, at Montreal. Joseph Van dan Daigue was born in 1653 at Meunisier and at Quebec, on April 18, 1678, married Louise Chalifour. He died on the 11th of June, 1725, at Charlesbourg. The records of the family continue to the fourth generation up to 1750 in Abbé Tanguay’s Dictionnaire Généalogique.

Emilien Gadbois-Van dan Daigue was born October 30, 1884, a son of Emile Gadbois, a well known horticulturist of Longemont, Rouville county, province of Quebec. His mother before her marriage was Priscillia Bernard, a sister of Monseigneur A. X. Bernard, bishop of St. Hyacinthe. Emilien Gadbois was educated at Montreal College, on Sherbrooke Street, and Laval University. On the 1st of July, 1907, he received the degree of B. A. with distinction and in the same year won the first prize in French literature in Laval University. In 1910 he was made by that institution LL. M. and on July 8th, of the same year he received his commission as a lawyer and has since practiced with ever increasing success in Montreal, having formed a partnership with L. E. Bernard, K. C., with whom he was associated until May, 1914, when he became a member of the firm of La Mothe, Gadbois & Nantel with offices in the Quebec Bank building. He has all the faculties of which a lawyer may be proud, skill in the presentation of his evidence, marked ability in cross examination, perseverance before the jury, and a strong grasp of every feature of the case. It is therefore but natural that he readily received recognition and is today connected with much important litigation in the local courts.

In his political views Mr. Gadbois is a conservative, stanchly upholding the principles of his party, although he has not yet become connected with public life. As a member of the Canadian Club he can be found in the ranks of those men who have at heart the development and progress of the Dominion, and he is ever loyal to his city. His faith is that of the Catholic church. On the threshold of a successful career, he has ever moved in the right direction toward fame, and a distinguished future may be prophesied for him, a future which will bring new luster to the old family name which he bears.

JOSEPH H. RAINVILLE, M. P.

Joseph H. Rainville, a member of parliament and deeply interested in questions concerning the government, province and Dominion, is today recognized as one of the younger leaders of the conservative party. He chose as a profession the practice of law, and it is a notable fact that members of the bar are more apt to become prominent figures in political circles than any other class of men. The reason for this is obvious, as the training which qualifies them for the onerous and difficult work of the courts also prepares them to solve the intricate and complex problems of local or general government.

Quebec numbers Mr. Rainville among her native sons, his birth having occurred at Ste. Angele, Rouville county, on the 8th of March, 1875. In the attainment of his education he attended successively Monnoir College, Marieville, and Laval University, where he won the degree of Bachelor of Laws. He entered upon the active practice of his profession with L. E. Beauregard of Montreal in 1901. No dreary novitiate awaited him. His capability won almost immediate recognition. He is an effective speaker, earnest in his appeals before the court, zealous in support of his cause, and at all times loyal to the interests of his clients.

Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise Joseph H. Rainville has been a stalwart conservative, and in 1908 he unsuccessfully contested Vercheres county at the provincial election, being defeated by a majority of ninety-eight. When the tide of popular favor turned against the liberal government of the Dominion in September, 1911, he became a member for Chambly-Vercheres, so that he is now occupying a seat in the house. He frankly and fearlessly expresses his opinion, but also possesses the tact of the successful politician who seeks to conciliate rather than antagonize.

Mr. Rainville married Miss Gendreau, daughter of Dr. J. G. A. Gendreau of Montreal. Mr. Rainville is a lieutenant in the Eighty-fifth Regiment and is a member of the Montreal Gun Club. His friends speak of him as always a courteous, polished gentleman, both forceful and resourceful when occasion demands.

EDOUARD FABRE SURVEYER.

Edouard Fabre Surveyer, who throughout his professional career has been a representative of the Montreal bar and equally well known as an educator and author in the field of his profession, was born in this city in 1875. His father, L. J. A. Surveyer, is a Montreal merchant and a past vice president of the Chamber of Commerce. He married Hectorine Fabre, a daughter of the late E. R. Fabre and a sister of the late Archbishop Fabre, the late Hon. Hector Fabre, C. M. G., and of the late Lady Cartier.

E. Fabre Surveyer was a student in St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College, where he made an excellent record, winning the Angers bronze medal for letters in 1890, the Mercier gold medal for rhetoric in 1891 and the alumni gold medal for philosophy in 1893. He took up his law course in Laval University and was graduated LL. L. with first class honors in 1896. The same year he won his B. C. L. degree with first class honors from McGill University, but not content with the preparation that he had already made for active practice at the bar, he went abroad and completed his law course in Paris and took part in the first International Congress of Lawyers at Brussels in 1897. He was a delegate to the Universal Congress of Lawyers and Jurists at St. Louis, Missouri, in 1904 and is correspondent for several Canadian, American, French and Belgian law reviews.

It was in 1897 that Mr. Surveyer entered upon active practice in Montreal in connection with McGibbon, Casgrain, Ryan & Mitchell. He has not only obtained success in practice but has also gained recognition for his ability in other professional connections. He has been the editor of the Quebec Practice Reports since their establishment in 1897 and since 1905 has been a lecturer in practice and pleading in McGill University. He was made a king’s counsel by the government of Quebec in 1909. On withdrawal from the firm of McGibbon, Casgrain, Mitchell & Surveyer in 1909 he entered into a partnership with H. A. Lovett, K. C., a connection that was continued until the following year. Since September, 1913, Mr. Surveyer has been the senior member of the firm of Surveyer, Ogden & Mariotti. Mr. Surveyer also has an office in New York city in connection with the firm of Daly, Hoyt & Mason, attorneys at law. He has published a pamphlet, The Bench and Bar of Montreal, and there are few who are more familiar with the history of the courts of this city than Mr. Surveyer. In 1903 he was president of the Junior Bar Association of Montreal, while in 1914 he became the secretary of the newly formed Canadian Bar Association. A fluent speaker, forceful and earnest, Mr. Surveyer has as ready a command of English as he has of French.

Aside from his professional duties and interests Mr. Surveyer is connected with various business enterprises which feature in the material development and prosperity of the city. He is vice president of the Union Land Corporation, Ltd., and the Lachine Land Company, Ltd.; is a director of the Capital Trust Corporation (Ottawa), of the Franco-Canadian Land & Development Company, Ltd., and of the Rothesay Realty Company, Ltd. In all business affairs his judgment is sound and his discrimination keen, and he falters not until his purpose has been accomplished and success has rewarded his efforts.

In October, 1906, Mr. Surveyer was married to Miss Elodie Barnard, a daughter of the late Edmund Barnard, K. C., of Montreal. In religious faith Mr. Surveyer is a Catholic and in political belief a conservative. He is regarded as one of the prominent members of the party among its younger representatives, and of him the Windsor Record (liberal) said: “He has a splendid platform presence, speaks English fluently, and has the appearance of an all round campaigner.” Mr. Surveyer’s social connections are with the University Club, Club Lafontaine and Canadian Club of Montreal; the Albany Club, of Toronto; and the Colonial Club, of London, England. He has been president of the Canadian Club, as well as vice president of the Federation of Canadian Clubs and is a member of the executive board of the University Club and a director and honorary solicitor of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

Among Mr. Surveyer’s other connections, he is vice president of L’Alliance Française and a member of the board of the Federation de L’Alliance Française aux Etats Unis et au Canada.

He is a member of the executive committee of the Liberal-Conservative Association, and thus in a number of the organizations with which he is allied he has been honored with office. He regards the practice of law, however, as his real life work, and he has at times been heard by the judicial committee of the privy council of England. He has been throughout life a student, and since his admission to the bar has remained a close and discriminating student of law principles, thoroughly qualifying himself for the conduct of all legal business intrusted to his care.

WILLIAM FORREST ANGUS.

As vice president and general manager of the Canadian Steel Foundries, Ltd., William Forrest Angus represents one of the foremost industries of the Dominion. He was born in Montreal, October 28, 1873, a son of Richard Bladworth Angus, the eminent financier and railway promoter.

William F. Angus was educated privately in preparation for his university course and entered for that purpose McGill, from which he graduated as B. A. Sc. in 1895, completing his university work with a post-graduate course in 1896. He then entered the employ of the Dominion Bridge Company and subsequently was with the Laurie Engine Company, which is now defunct. His next position was with the Canada Switch and Spring Company, which was merged into the Montreal Steel Works. He remained with this concern, rapidly rising to more and more important positions until he was made manager and managing director. When this company was bought out by the Canadian Steel Foundries, Ltd., about two years ago he was elected vice president and managing director of this vast enterprise.

In November, 1904, Mr. Angus was united in marriage to Miss Grace N., eldest daughter of Sergeant P. Stearns of Montreal. They reside at No. 364 Peel Street. In his religious faith Mr. Angus is a Presbyterian. He is prominent in club life, being a member of the St. James Club, the Mount Royal, the Canada, the Forest and Stream, the Montreal Hunt, the University, the Montreal Curling, the Montreal Racquet and the St. Lawrence Yacht Clubs. His name is also on the roster of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers.

Highly trained in his profession, careful in judgment, shrewd, energetic and a man of rare executive force, Mr. Angus ably administers the affairs of a vast industrial enterprise, and his career bids fair to rival that of his distinguished father. He is deeply interested in all that pertains to progress and trade expansion and can always be found among those men who are the most forceful exponents of advanced measures inaugurated to exploit the vast resources of the Dominion. He bends his genius to create new markets and increase trade facilities and gives of the best of his ability so that the Dominion of Canada may march in the van of the great industrial nations of the world. Realizing that the natural resources lie but dormant, awaiting the magic wand of man, he has linked himself with such men as will guide the Dominion to the industrial position in the world which is its due.

THOMAS GAUTHIER.

The specific and distinctive office of biography is not to give voice to a man’s modest estimate of himself and his accomplishments but rather to leave the perpetual record establishing his character by the consensus of opinion on the part of his fellowmen, and any history of Montreal introducing biographies of her citizens whose activities and influence have been for the city’s growth and betterment, would be incomplete without reference to Thomas Gauthier.

His life has been so varied in activity, so honorable in its purposes, so far-reaching and beneficial in its effects that it has become an integral part of the history of the city and also left an impress upon the annals of the province. His business interests are extensive and important, but by no means cover the scope of his activities, as he has been identified with various movements and projects having to do with the public welfare along material, political, social and moral lines.

Mr. Gauthier was born in Montreal in 1844 and attended the Lachine Commercial School, but is largely a self-educated as well as a self-made man. He has ever been a reader and thinker and in the school of experience has learned many valuable lessons. At times he has acquired with labor and difficulty the knowledge which he has been so anxious should be given others, his efforts in behalf of education being well known. He began his active business career in Montreal in 1869, and for many years he conducted the Place Chaboillez establishment with conspicuous success. During this time, having become widely and favorably known, he was elected president of the old Society of Mutual Assistance--the Union St. Joseph.

In 1881 the Association of Retail Grocers, of which he was one of the founders, appointed him president and through his active exertions the Chamber of Commerce of Montreal was established. Along these and various other lines he has promoted the business activity of Montreal, pushing forward the wheels of progress in such a way that the entire city has benefited thereby.

His public service in connection with municipal affairs has been equally notable and commendable. He was one of Montreal’s aldermen from 1890 to 1893, and his labors were effective and beneficial as a member of the committees of police and hygiene. He was largely instrumental in establishing the mutual benefit fund among the members of the police force and also in establishing the first public bath in Hochelaga ward. All this, however, does not cover the scope of his activities, for in various other fields of usefulness his labors proved resultant. In the year 1883-4 he was general treasurer of the St. Jean Baptiste Society and was treasurer of the Montreal Exposition Company, in 1891, the only year in which it showed a surplus. He was a member of the finance committee of the National Association for a number of years, being also one of the promoters of the building of the Monument National, and in 1909 he was elected vice president and in 1911 became president, serving until April, 1913.

One of the most important of Mr. Gauthier’s public services has been in behalf of education. It was largely through the missionary work done by him and the assistance he received from the Chamber of Commerce, the Board of Trade and the Builders’ Exchange that the government was induced to take up the establishment of technical schools in Montreal and Quebec. In this connection Mr. Gauthier has done a noble and patriotic work, the value of which cannot be estimated. He has been president of the Council of Arts and Manufactures continuously since 1897, and more than three thousand scholars are now participating in these classes.

He has ever believed in that special training which will enable the individual to develop his native talents and thus qualify for the business life to which he is best adapted. Mr. Gauthier was associated with Dr. Adami in the general presidency of the Child’s Welfare movement.

In the various movements and projects with which Mr. Gauthier has been associated, whether financial, educational, philanthropic or commercial, he has shown the same intelligent and careful interest as in his own private business affairs.

In connection with the affairs of La Caisse Nationale d’Economie, of which he was one of the founders in 1899, he has taken a very active and prominent part. Ever since its organization he has been chairman of the finance committee, also chairman of the committee of administration, and has been no small factor in the splendid success of this association.

He is an extensive holder of stock in the Montreal Light, Heat & Power Company, as well as in the Lake of the Woods Milling Company, and is president of the Amherst Park Land Company.

Mr. Gauthier is an exceptionally well preserved gentleman for one of his years, and among his extensive acquaintance he is spoken of in terms of admiration and respect.

He has continuously been a student of the signs of the times, of existing conditions and keeps abreast with the best thinking men of the age in his knowledge of political, economical and social questions affecting the welfare and progress of the race.

WILLIAM DOUW LIGHTHALL.

The position of William Douw Lighthall has for many years been one of leadership. He has exerted wide and beneficial influence on public thought and action and as lawyer, author and the promoter of various prominent societies his name has become known throughout the length and breadth of the land. He has been termed “a living example of good citizenship ... a man of high culture, refined tastes and exceptional literary ability.” His efforts along all the lines in which his activities have been put forth have been productive of far-reaching and beneficial results. He was born at Hamilton, Ontario, December 27, 1857, a son of William Francis Lighthall, who is the doyen of the Montreal notarial profession, and is descended from the Schuyler, Van Renssalaer and Van Cortlandt families, three of the most prominent Knickerbocker families of New York. The mother, Mrs. Margaret Lighthall, was the eldest daughter of Captain Henry Wright, of Chateauguay, who was a son of Major James Wright (McIntyre), the commander of the British settlers of the district in the War of 1812.

After being dux of the high school of Montreal William D. Lighthall pursued a classical course in McGill University, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree and the Shakespeare gold medal in English literature in 1879. He then entered upon the study of law at McGill, which conferred upon him the B. C. L. degree in 1881, and he took the honorary degree of M. A. in 1885. With the completion of his law course he was called to the bar and began practice as an advocate. Nature endowed him with keen mentality, and the thoroughness with which he prepared his cases and the earnestness with which he presented his causes before the courts won him success and advancement. He was created king’s counsel in 1906. For a long period he has been accounted one of the distinguished representatives of the Montreal bar, practicing as senior member of the law firm of Lighthall & Harwood.

What he has accomplished as a member of the legal profession would alone entitle W. D. Lighthall to mention among the representative men of Montreal, yet he has gained equal prominence as an author, as a promoter of various societies, as an antiquarian greatly interested in historical and antiquarian research, and as a public-spirited citizen who takes cognizance of the needs of the hour and employs practical methods in working for high ideals for the benefit of city, province and Dominion. He was the founder of the Society of Canadian Literature, the Canadian National League, the Westmount Liberal Club, the Montreal Tourist Association, and originated and, in connection with De Lery Macdonald, established the Chateau de Ramezay Historical Museum. He was also the founder of the Union of Canadian Municipalities. He was one of those largely instrumental in securing the erection of the Maisonneuve monument at Montreal and was the discoverer of the Indian burying ground at Westmount. He is interested in all that pertains to the history of the country from prehistoric times down to the present, and his researches and investigations have been carried far and wide, bringing to light many interesting points bearing upon the travel history of the North American Indians as well as upon the period of the early colonists and the development of Canada. He is a member of the Scotch Society of Literature and Art; a vice president of the National Municipal League of America; a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature; an honorary member of the Women’s Historical Society of Canada and of the Chateauguay Literary and Historical Society; life corresponding member of the Quebec Literary and Historical Society; president of the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society; a governor of the Congregational College of Canada and of the Joint Board of Theological Colleges of McGill University; and has been a representative fellow of the University. In 1910 he was appointed a member of the Metropolitan Parks Commission.

In all these years, retiring to the quiet of his study, he has devoted hours to writing, and his authorship has gained him equal renown with his efforts in other directions. His first published volume, Thoughts, Moods and Ideals (verse), came from the press in 1887 and was followed in 1888 by The Young Seigneur. Then came The Battle of Chateauguay, in 1889; Montreal After 250 Years, in 1892; The False Chevalier, in 1898; a Prehistoric Hochelaga Burying-ground, in 1898; A Link in Iroquois History, in 1899; The Glorious Enterprise, in 1901; Hiawatha the Great, in 1901; and Westmount: a Municipal Illustration, in 1902. This last book followed his three years of service as mayor of Westmount, so that he was qualified to discuss the subjects of which the volume treated. The same year he brought forth a volume entitled To the Boers: A Friend’s Appeal from Canada. In 1904 he published Canada, a Modern Nation, and Thomas Pownall: His Part in the Conquest of Canada. In 1908 he added to the list of his publications A Romance of Prehistoric Montreal and The Master of Life; and in 1910, The Governance of Empire and Sights and Shrines of Montreal. He also published Songs of the Great Dominion (Windsor series) in 1889, and Canadian Poems and Lays (Canterbury Poets series) in 1891.

There are few men in possession in so eminent a degree of the habits, tastes and ability of the scholar and at the same time in so large a measure the practical qualities which find expression in successful professional service and in public-spirited citizenship. Mr. Lighthall has studied as closely the signs of the times and the questions of the hour as he has the history of the past. His deep interest in the cause of education was manifest in his service as chairman of the board of school commissioners of Westmount, to which office he was appointed in 1909. He is an imperialist in principle and at the same time a strong believer in the necessity and advantage of organizing the intellectual and higher interests of Canadian nationality and retaining state ownership and control of forests, railways, land tenure, coal mines and other public resources.

In October, 1890, Mr. Lighthall was married to Miss Cybel Charlotte Wilkes, a daughter of John Wilkes and a granddaughter of the late Rev. Dr. Henry Wilkes. Mrs. Lighthall is vice president of the local branch of the Zenana Bible and Medical Mission, and is also a vice president of the Canadian Handicrafts Guild. Something of the nature of his recreation is indicated in the fact that Mr. Lighthall belongs to Lac Tremblant Fishing Club, of which he was elected president in 1909, and in the same year he was admitted an Iroquois Indian chief with the name of Ticonderoga in recognition of services to that race. He furthermore belongs to the University, Canada, Reform, Montreal, Country and Canadian Clubs of Montreal and the Royal Societies Club of London, England. His winter residence, Chateauclair, is at No. 14 Murray Avenue, Westmount, while his summer home, Camp Beartracks, is at Lac Tremblant. In the review of his history it seems that his constantly expanding powers are opening to him a still broader field of usefulness and establishing him more firmly in the position of prominence which he today occupies.

JOSEPH DROUIN.

Joseph Drouin, a member of the Montreal bar, was born at Two Mountains, in the province of Quebec, on the 15th of November, 1875, a son of Firmin and Mathilde (Lafrance) Drouin, sturdy French Canadian farmers. He is of the eighth generation in descent from Robert Drouin, of Pin au Perche, France, who became the founder of the family in the new world, establishing himself at Quebec in 1635. The principal branch of the family remains in Quebec and Orleans, but in 1751 one branch detached itself from the main Quebec stem and was transplanted to Montreal, where representatives of the name have since been found in the city and surrounding districts.

Joseph Drouin pursued a classical course in the seminary of Ste. Thérèse and won his B. C. L. degree upon graduation from McGill University in April, 1904. He engaged in the practice of law, winning a liberal clientage that connected him with the important work of the courts. Of late Mr. Drouin has devoted his attention to the management of his own private interests.

Mr. Drouin is a Roman Catholic in religious faith. He was married in Montreal on the 22d of November, 1904, to Marie Orpha Leduc, a daughter of Augustin and Philomène (Lefebvre) Leduc, who were farming people at St. Benoit, Deux Montagnes, province of Quebec. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Drouin have been born five children: Cécile, Thérèse, René, Marguerite and Gabriel.

HON. HONORE MERCIER.

Among contemporary Canadian statesmen a foremost place must be assigned to the late Hon. Honore Mercier, premier of the province of Quebec. He was not only distinguished by reason of his position at the head of the government of one of the foremost provinces of the Canadian federation but attained distinction along various other lines having to do with the progress and upbuilding of the country and the upholding of its political, legal and moral status. A native of the province of Quebec, he was born at Iberville, October 15, 1840. He came of a family of unpretentious farmers, or habitants, as they are styled in Lower Canada, the ancestors originally from Old France, although several generations have been represented in the county of Montmagny below the city of Quebec. His father had to provide for the needs of a large household, but he was a man of energy and foresight and counted no personal sacrifice too great if he could thereby equip his children for the later responsibilities and duties that fall to the lot of every individual. The maiden name of the mother was Marie Catherine Laflamme.

When fourteen years of age Honore Mercier became a student in the Jesuit College in Montreal, where he completed his education, making an excellent record. Some time afterward he determined upon the practice of law as his life work and became a student in the office of Laflamboise & Papineau, who directed his reading until he was admitted to practice in 1865. While a law student he turned his attention to journalism and in 1862 became editor in chief of the Courier de St. Hyacinthe, winning distinction because of his able political editorials, his support being given to the Macdonald-Sicotte liberal administration.

Following his admission to the bar Mr. Mercier retired from the profession of journalism to concentrate his energies upon his law practice. His thorough training, his natural powers and his ambition soon brought him a prominent position at the bar and from that time forward his advancement was continuous as a factor in those affairs and events which have shaped the history of province and Dominion.

In 1871 he appeared in the political arena at Bagot as a supporter of M. Langelier, the liberal candidate. The following year, upon the earnest solicitation of his friends, he became a candidate for Rouville in the house of commons and was elected. Following the downfall of the conservative government in 1873, he yielded his seat to Mr. Cheval in 1874, to avoid dividing the vote of the liberal party in the case of the redoubtable conservative candidate, Mr. Gigault. Following his retirement to private life he entered upon a partnership with Mr. Bourgeois of St. Hyacinthe. He was made the candidate of the liberal party in 1878, standing for St. Hyacinthe, but lost the election by six votes. The following year a majority of three hundred and seven votes elected him to the legislative assembly to represent St. Hyacinthe and he became solicitor-general of the Joly administration, filling out the unexpired term of Hon. P. Bachand, deceased. Mr. Mercier continued in the office until the administration went out in the same year.

In 1881, following his removal from St. Hyacinthe to Montreal, Mr. Mercier became a law partner of Messrs. Beausoleil & Martineau and was again called into the field of political activity when in December, 1881, at the general provincial election he was chosen by acclamation for his old constituency, St. Hyacinthe. In the beginning of the session of 1883 Hon. Mr. Joly resigned the direction of the provincial liberal party and Mr. Mercier was unanimously chosen his successor, on motion of Mr. Joly, as the leader of the opposition. Here his dominant qualities found fitting scope, his ability and qualities of leadership placing him within a brief period among the foremost French-Canadian statesmen. Within the short space of three years he demonstrated what could be accomplished by an able and intrepid leader with the support of a small but disciplined and trusty band of parliamentary followers to retrieve the fallen fortunes of his party and to defend and lead to victory a popular cause the moment circumstances placed it in his hands.

As the accepted leader of the new national party formed by a combination of liberals and conservative bolters, Mr. Mercier not only directed the whole movement but personally traversed the province of Quebec almost from end to end, addressing as many as one hundred and sixty meetings and leaving the impress of his influence as a factor in the promotion of his cause. The election of October, 1886, resulted in a victory for the nationals. After the struggle, which ensued in the final overthrow of the Ross administration, Mr. Mercier was called upon by the lieutenant governor to form a new cabinet and in less than twenty-four hours, as a result of his quick decisions and promptness in action, he had made choice of his colleagues, announcing the result to the legislature and the country, both receiving it with marked satisfaction.

The close of the first session found him more popular and more firmly established in the good graces of the people than ever, a position that was augmented later by the marvelous success of his administration as evidenced in the settlement of the long pending dispute with Ontario respecting the division of the common school fund and the unusually advantageous negotiation of the new provincial loan of three and a half millions. His adversaries attributed these and other valuable results to good luck, but a real student of politics knows that good management and thorough understanding of the situation lay back of them. Mr. Mercier remained in power until December, 1891, when he was dismissed by Lieutenant Governor Angers as a result of an investigation held by a royal commission on what then became known as the Baie des Chaleurs Scandal.

On March 8, 1892, at the general elections, though Mr. Mercier was returned for Bonaventure, which he had represented since the general elections of 1890, his party was annihilated and he ceased to be a factor in provincial politics.

Following his retirement to private life he joined his son-in-law, Sir Lomer Gouin, and Mr. R. Lemieux in a law partnership, but he rarely appeared in court. However, he won the highest professional honors. He was actually the attorney-general as well as the premier of Quebec. He was twice batonnier of the bar of the Montreal district, and the respect entertained for him by his legal colleagues was so great that they unanimously elevated him to the still more distinguished eminence of batonnier-general of the bar of the province. Of him it has been written: “Heralded to the world as the apostle of an advanced radicalism which in reality had no representative in this country, he not only preached but practiced a different gospel and in office proved himself unusually moderate and conciliatory as well as a man of broad and generous views, free from sectionalism and exceedingly anxious to do justice to all races, classes and creeds, yet fully determined to work out the regeneration of his native province on the great lines of reform which he ever regarded as essential to that desirable end.”

Mr. Mercier held to the religious faith of the French-Canadians--that of the Roman Catholic church and his loyal adherence thereto increased with the passing years. There was a time, however, when, on account of his political liberalism and alliances, his orthodoxy was more than once seriously questioned by his political foes to his personal and party detriment. This, however, passed by and the Papal authority conceded that a man may be a liberal in politics and yet a good Catholic, while the clergy of Lower Canada came to know that he was not only a devoted churchman in theory and practice, but also that the interests of Catholicism were as safe in his hands as in those of its self-constituted champions who proclaimed their zeal for the faith from the housetops. There was in him nothing of narrow-minded bigotry and perhaps no prominent statesman or political leader of his day has shown himself so free from religious or sectional bias in the conduct of affairs relating to the entire community. A French-Canadian in heart and soul and a thorough son of the soil, still, “strict and impartial justice to all classes, races and creeds and undue favor to none,” seems to have been the motto upon which Honore Mercier always acted. In 1893 he undertook a campaign in favor of the independence of Canada and advocated this both here and in the United States, but with no tangible results. Though received enthusiastically in the eastern states, he met with a rebuff in Chicago, and abandoned the campaign to resume his practice in Montreal.

Two notable features in his life history were the torchlight procession in his honor in Montreal following his return from Europe, and the reception he tendered the ex-Papal zouaves at his country seat at Ste. Anne de la Perade, when he distributed the medals awarded them by the pope. On that occasion Mr. Mercier appeared in the gorgeous uniform of commander of the Order of St. Gregory the Great--the first time it had been seen in Canada. The wide recognition given his ability is attested by a partial list of the honors conferred upon him. Not only did he receive the grand cross of the Order of St. Gregory the Great from the pope but His Holiness also raised him to the rank of count. He was in addition to these honors officer of the Legion of Honor; commander of the Order of Leopold I, King of the Belgians; and chevalier of the Order of St. Sepulcher. He was made queen’s counsel and received the degree of Doctor of Laws from Laval University, the University of Fordham, New York, and the University of Georgetown.

A man of his ability and eminence could not fail to have enemies, but he had also hosts of friends. He possessed that quality which, for want of a better term, has been called magnetism. He was most generous and ever had a helping hand out-reaching to those who needed assistance. His residence both in Montreal and in Quebec was always filled with his admirers. It has been said repeatedly that his so-called friends were largely responsible for any errors that he may have committed. He was particularly helpful to young men, many of whom have reason to remember him with gratitude. It was his delight to assist a struggling youth in his law studies or in other ways.

Mr. Mercier was twice married. On the 29th of May, 1866, he wedded Leopoldine Boivin of St. Hyacinthe, who died leaving a daughter who subsequently married Sir Lomer Gouin and who is now deceased. On the 9th of May, 1871, Honore Mercier married Virginie St. Denis, also of St. Hyacinthe, and they had two sons and one daughter to reach adult age, Honore, Paul-Emile and Héva. The elder son is a member of the Gouin cabinet and a sketch of his life appears elsewhere in this work. The younger son is a civil and consulting engineer and is mentioned elsewhere in this history. Héva married Dr. Homère Fauteux and resides in Beauceville.

The death of Hon. Honore Mercier occurred October 30, 1894, on which occasion the Montreal Daily Star said editorially: “The career of the late Hon. Honore Mercier is one that will long live on the lips of those who delight in political reminiscences of this historic province. He played a conspicuous role in the political drama; and, while he was on the stage, pretty well absorbed the attention of the multitude. That he was a man of rare ability in many ways, his swift attainment of the highest positions in Quebec amply attests.

“It is too late in the day for those who contributed to his overthrow in ’92 to make mawkish pretension of blindness to his faults, but it may truly be said that he gained striking success in spite of his faults, and, further, that it was his own hand that turned the current of destiny against him. Like all strong characters, he made many warm personal friends, and there will be more sincere mourning at his bier than falls to the lot of most mortals.”

Senator L. O. David, an intimate and lifelong friend of Mr. Mercier, in making a parallel between the three most popular men of our time, Laurier, Chapleau and Mercier, has written of the latter: “Mercier is the heaviest of the three, the strongest built and the most muscular; he is tall, with black eyes and hair and a heavy mustache--a veritable type of musketeer--the personification of strength and energy. He walks heavily with the assurance of a man who believes that the earth belongs to him. Mercier is the most solid, the most vigorous and the most penetrating. Penetrating is, indeed, the word which best describes his eloquence. See his movements; they resemble those of the axeman who strikes the tree at the root and at each blow removes a chip. Mercier is a parliamentary orator, a lawyer, a tribune. He is the strongest, cleverest, and most indefatigable speaker whom I have heard in the house or on the hustings. While I write these words I learn that he is dead. Is it possible that so much of life and intellect are gone forever? What a loss! How little we mortals are! Alas; had he struggled to preserve his health as he fought to regain it, he would not have died so young. Yes, so young, because he was built to live thirty or forty years more. Death has seldom met a more valiant fighter; it has vanquished him, but he died almost standing, as he often said he would.

“Before the grave, which opens to receive his mortal remains, criticism will disarm, no doubt, to render homage to the splendor and power of his intelligence, his political genius, to the energy of his character and the sincerity of his patriotism. Through all the vicissitudes of a stormy life, in spite of his faults and weaknesses, he preserved until the last moment all the fervor of the religious and patriotic sentiments of his youth. Of all the political men I have known, he is the one who, in all things and under all circumstances, was most given to consider questions from a national standpoint. He was frankly, sincerely, profoundly patriotic and without fanaticism. Few men have had more devoted friends, enthusiastic admirers, and secured more brilliant triumphs and undergone such crushing defeats. He was stronger in defeat than in victory. Much will be forgiven him because he suffered much.”

HON. HENRI C. BERRYER-SAINT-PIERRE.

The subject of this short biographical sketch was born at Ste. Madeleine de Rigaud, during a short stay of his parents in that parish, on the 13th day of September 1842, but was brought up at Isle Bizard, on the Lake of Two Mountains, near Montreal. His father, a farmer, was Joseph Berryer-Saint-Pierre of Isle Bizard, and his mother, Demitilde Denis dit Saint-Denis, who had been born at Pointe Claire. Young Henri received his classical and literary education at the old Montreal College on Collège Street near McGill Street. On leaving college he was sent up to Kingston, Ontario, where he began his law course, the object in sending him up there being to give him an opportunity of improving his knowledge of the English language. Having passed the required examinations for his admission to the study of the law, he availed himself of the permission which had been granted him to go and visit Niagara falls and the city of Buffalo. The great battle of Gettysburg had just been fought and won by the northern army, and on his arrival at Buffalo, he found the people delirious with the news of the recent victory. Our young student, who had inherited from his ancestors a marked taste for the military career (a career by the way for which there were but few openings for a young French Canadian in those days, in Canada), was altogether carried away by the enthusiastic demonstrations which he then witnessed and made up his mind to give up the doleful study of Blackstone to enter the American army. A short time later, the runaway student was a member of Company F in the Seventy-sixth New York Volunteers. At the battle of Mine Run which was fought on the 27th November, 1863, he was wounded and reported as dead at the regiment. The same report having been reproduced in the Montreal papers, the usual service for the dead was celebrated for him at the Montreal College and at Isle Bizard where his widowed mother was living. He was picked up from the field however by the southern cavalry and sent to the military prison of Belle Island in the city of Richmond from which he was later on transferred to Andersonville in Georgia. After the capture of Atlanta, he was removed with the other prisoners first to Savannah, and then to Florence and finally to Charleston’s race ground in South Carolina, where he regained his liberty in the spring of 1865 on the city being evacuated by the southern troops. On his return to Montreal after the war, he resumed his legal studies first in the office of Sir George Etienne Cartier, for whom he, for a time, acted as private secretary, and later on in that of the Hon. J. J. C. Abbott who some years afterward became premier of Canada.

He was admitted to the bar in June, 1870. His career at the Montreal bar was a most successful and brilliant one, and he soon became one of the leading lawyers in the province of Quebec, being particularly noted for his success as a criminal lawyer. His record as such was never surpassed at least in his province and but seldom equalled anywhere. It is said that he pleaded not less than thirty-three cases of murder, securing complete acquittals in most of them. Not one of those he defended was ever found guilty of murder in the first degree and sentenced to be hanged, except Shortis who had killed two men at Valleyfield and wounded dangerously a third one. In this last case, the plea of impulsive insanity was urged for the first time in the province of Quebec as a ground of defense and proved successful in the end in spite of the verdict of the jury. Shortis is today detained in the penitentiary of Kingston as “a dangerous lunatic.” Judge Saint-Pierre frequently associated in the defence of persons accused of serious crimes with Donald MacMaster, K. C., now a member of the English parliament, who was his intimate friend.

In 1889, he was created a queen’s counsel by the Earl of Aberdeen. Judge Saint-Pierre never showed any great inclination for politics but confined his labor and efforts more particularly to secure the highest position in his profession as a lawyer. Being a liberal, he consented however to be the nominee of the liberal party in the county of Jacques-Cartier, for the local seat in 1878 against the old member, but was defeated by a small majority.

He was married in 1874 to Marie Albina Lesieur, daughter of Adolphe Lesieur, a merchant of Terrebonne. She died on the 19th December, 1908, leaving five children, three boys and two girls who are all married and settled. In 1902 on the occasion of his being raised to the bench, he was made an officer of the order of the Crown of Italy upon a petition presented to the King of Italy by the Italian colony at Montreal supported by the Italian consul.

Judge Saint-Pierre has been the organizer of the Canadian Veterans as a body and has been their honorary president ever since their organization some fourteen years ago.

His eminent ability as a legist led eventually to his appointment to the bench. He was first named for the district of Beauharnois on the retirement of Hon. Mr. Justice Belanger in June, 1902, and was transferred to Montreal in March, 1909, so that he is now presiding over the district of Montreal. His decisions are strictly fair and impartial and render him the peer of the ablest men who have presided over Montreal’s courts.

The Judge is a Roman Catholic of the broad liberal school. He is known to be a great admirer of British institutions though much attached to the French civil law which he holds to be superior to the common law of England.

The press has united in passing high encomiums upon him. The Montreal Herald styled him “a man of great vigor.” The Montreal Star spoke of him as broad-minded and public-spirited. The Toronto Star said “Judge Berryer-Saint-Pierre is gifted with fine powers of eloquence and is broad-minded and tolerant.” Perhaps his lofty patriotism is best indicated in his own utterance: “Be English, be Scotch, be French, be Irish, if you will,” he often said in his public utterance, “but above and before all, let us all be Canadians.” Judge Saint-Pierre’s residence is at 2330 Park Avenue, Montreal.

DONALD FORBES ANGUS.

Successfully operating in mercantile circles, Donald Forbes Angus has also extended his efforts along those lines whereby are promoted aesthetic culture and humanitarian interests, thus rendering his life a serviceable factor in the world’s work. A son of Richard Bladworth Angus, he was educated in England and Germany and in February, 1894, was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ethel Henshaw, the daughter of the late F. W. Henshaw.

In his business connections Mr. Angus has so directed his efforts that substantial results have accrued, and he is today a prominent figure in commercial circles as director of the Intercolonial Coal Company and of the Paton Manufacturing Company, both of which are important forces in the business progress of the city. He is also director of the Bank of Montreal; director of the Standard Life Assurance Company; and vice president of the Guardian Accident & Guarantee Company. In these connections Mr. Angus bends his efforts to executive administration and control, and his ability to correctly judge between the essential and the nonessential, utilizing the one and discarding the other, and his power to coordinate seemingly diverse elements into a harmonious whole have been strong features in his growing success.

Mr. Angus is a popular member of several of the leading clubs of Montreal, including St. James, Mount Royal and the Montreal Jockey Clubs--associations which indicate much of the nature of his interests and the source of his recreation. He is also a life member of the Art Association and is a friend and patron of art. He is likewise a governor and a member of the executive committee of the Fraser Institute of Montreal.

HENRY HOLGATE.

Not only is Henry Holgate one of the foremost civil engineers of Montreal, but he is also an author of no mean talents on professional and other subjects. He is now engaged in private practice after a long and strenuous career with various large organizations and of late has designed and built several large hydraulic power plants for transmission of electric power. He is a member of several arbitration committees, a past vice president of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers, a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and a councillor of the American Institute of Consulting Engineers.

Mr. Holgate is of English ancestry and was born at Milton, Ontario, September 14, 1863, the seventh son of John and Jane (Browne) Holgate, the former of whom was in charge of the division court at Milton. Judge Holgate passed away in 1896 and his wife in 1902.

Henry Holgate was educated in the Toronto public schools and after having completed his studies served an apprenticeship with the Northern Railway of Canada, which lasted for five years. He continued with them for three years and became their chief engineer in 1884, so continuing until 1893, when he took charge of the Central Bridge Company’s works at Peterboro, Ontario. During this time, in 1887, he became a member of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers, contributing a paper to its transactions for which he was awarded the Gzowski medal. He remained with the Central Bridge Company for about a year and then joined the Royal Electrical Company in Montreal as engineer in charge of the steel plants and general construction. The years 1896, 1897 and 1898 were spent that way, and he then became engineer of the Montreal Park & Island Company, constructing and managing all their lines. He then went as manager and engineer to Kingston, Jamaica, and constructed all of the works of the Western Electric Company there, returning to Canada in 1900. He established himself in a private engineering practice in that year and in 1902 formed a partnership with Mr. Ross, under the firm name of Ross & Holgate, consulting engineers. This partnership was dissolved in 1911.

Mr. Holgate has on various occasions been retained by the federal and provincial governments for special engineering inquiries and reports. He was so retained in regard to the reorganization of the Trent Valley Canal works and was appointed chairman of the royal commission to report on the collapse of the Quebec bridge in September, 1907. He is widely recognized as one of the able men along his line and has had charge in late years of the building of several large hydraulic power plants.

Occasionally Mr. Holgate contributes interesting articles to technical works. He is the author of an exhaustive paper on Northeast Canada, which was published in 1908, and he has lectured extensively, one of his subjects being “Some Facts Regarding the Upper St. Lawrence.”

Mr. Holgate is independent in his political views and nonsectarian in his religious belief. He is a patriotic Canadian and has always at heart the interests of the Dominion. He believes in a Canada for Canadians and for any others who will become good citizens, recognizing the value of desirable immigration.

On September 19, 1888, Mr. Holgate was married to Miss Bessie Bell Headley, a daughter of Edward Headley, of Milford, Delaware. They have two sons, Henry Watson and Edwin Headley. The family residence is at No. 44 Rosemount Avenue, Westmount. He is a member of the Engineers Club of Montreal.

LEGLEUS ANTOINE GAGNIER, M. D.

Dr. Légléus Antoine Gagnier is widely and favorably known to the public as a general medical practitioner and more specifically in connection with the special work which he does in treating nervous diseases by electrical methods. He is a man who has never ceased to be a student and still frequently makes trips to Europe in order to attend the clinics conducted by the most eminent specialists in the profession. There is no new phase brought out in the world of medicine with which he is not thoroughly acquainted and which he does not thoroughly understand, and his complete knowledge has naturally resulted in a large and lucrative practice. Freeing himself from many of the old medical prejudices he applies modern thought in his treatments and more closely follows his own logical conclusions than book prescriptions. He believes that in numerous cases massage treatments, X-Rays, light baths and general hydrotherapy will achieve more beneficial and lasting results than the older treatment of giving medicaments internally. His well equipped offices, modernly appointed and filled with all the appliances necessary to follow out his methods, are located at No. 256 St. Denis Street, Montreal, and there ever can be found a long line of patients, rich and poor, old and young, waiting to be admitted for treatment.

Although the family of Gagnier is not among the very earliest Canadian settlers, it is an old one. There were variations in the name of Gagnier and extensive records show the name as Gagné and Gagnesse in Abbé Tanguay’s Dictionnaire Généalogique.

Légléus Antoine Gagnier was born at Ste. Martine, in the county of Chateauguay, on October 4, 1871, a son of François and Sophie (Perras) Gagnier, both deceased. The doctor received his classical education at Ste. Thérèse and St. Hyacinthe Seminaries and graduated in medicine from Laval University in 1895. He pursued special studies in Paris and has ever since continued to attend clinics in that and other European cities. Capable, earnest and conscientious, he has not only a reputation for ability but enjoys the utmost confidence of his patients, to whom he is more than a doctor, as they see in him their best and truest friend. He is physician for a number of French and English mutual associations and president of the Medical Board of Union St. Pierre of Montreal.

On September 28, 1897, Dr. Gagnier was united in marriage to Miss Delia Collerette, a daughter of O. Collerette, and they have the following children, Yvonne, Légléus Adolphe, Gaston, Gabrielle, Marie Régine, Germaine and Paul Emile.

The religious faith of Dr. Gagnier is that of the Roman Catholic church. For many years he was a conservative in politics but of late has allied himself with the nationalist movement, a party which in scope of progressiveness stands foremost of the three political organizations of the Dominion and has for its intention the improvement of general conditions not only political and governmental but also sociological. In the material growth of Montreal Dr. Gagnier is interested as a director of the Greater Montreal Land Investment Company, Limited. He has an interesting military record to his credit and has been in command of the Sixty-fourth Regiment of Chateauguay and Beauharnois for three or four years and since January 23, 1901, he has been on the officers reserve as lieutenant colonel. His deep love for mankind finds expression in his public-spirited actions, and he is never called upon in vain to give his support to any enterprise which will benefit the people of his city or country. Careful of his own interests, he is more minutely careful of those of others and influenced at all times by the thought of the broader effect which his work has upon his community, exemplifying in his conduct the lofty ideals of his nation and of a noble calling. He honors his profession by paying it honor and by his adherence to the solid virtues and enlightened principles underlying it.

GEORGE STEPHEN CANTLIE.

A native of Montreal, George Stephen Cantlie was born May 2, 1867, a son of James Alexander and Eleanor Simpson (Stephen) Cantlie. The father is a prominent merchant of Montreal and a son of the late Francis Cantlie, a native of Mortlach, Banffshire, Scotland, who married Mary Stuart. James Alexander Cantlie was born June 5, 1836, and married in May, 1866, the second daughter of the late William Stephen, of Montreal. J. A. Cantlie came to Canada in 1863. He was for years head of the well known wholesale dry-goods house of J. A. Cantlie & Company, which was founded in 1868. He is connected with a number of important commercial enterprises and is one of the foremost men in business circles in Montreal.

George S. Cantlie received private tuition and attended the Montreal high school and McGill University in the acquirement of an education. In 1885 he entered the service of the Canadian Pacific Railway as clerk in the audit department. He became consecutively clerk in the comptroller’s office, chief clerk to the assistant general manager, to the assistant president and to the vice president. He was then made general baggage agent, general stationary agent and superintendent of car service. Since November, 1908, Mr. Cantlie has been at the head of the car service as general superintendent.

Colonel Cantlie has for a number of years been connected with the volunteer service. He has been lieutenant colonel in command of the Fifth Regiment, Royal Highlanders of Canada, since May 11, 1905. He commanded this regiment at the Quebec Tercentenary celebration in 1908 and at the Lake Champlain celebration at Plattsburg, New York, in 1909, when he received high commendation from President Taft on the splendid appearance of his men. In 1908 he was awarded the long service decoration.

In November, 1896, Mr. Cantlie was married to Miss Beatrice Campbell, a daughter of the late W. D. Campbell, queen’s notary, of Quebec. Mr. and Mrs. Cantlie make their home at No. 502 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal. He is a member of the Mount Royal, St. James, Montreal Hunt, Forest and Stream, Back River Polo, Auto and Montreal Jockey Clubs. He also is enrolled in the York Club of Toronto and is a member of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association.

CHARLES LYMAN.

One of the best known men in his line of business in Canada was the late Charles Lyman, wholesale druggist, who died November 17, 1909, after a successful business career of nearly two score years, all of which was spent in his native city. He was born in Montreal, April 3, 1849, a son of Benjamin Lyman and Delia A. Wells. These parents, both natives of the state of Vermont, whose ancestry in the United States dated back almost to the landing of the Mayflower, might account for the strong interest in the affairs of that country which was one of the pronounced characteristics of Mr. Lyman. He was educated in the Montreal high school, the Hopkins grammar school of New Haven, Connecticut, and Yale University, from which he graduated in the class of 1871.

In his senior year at college he was elected a member of the Scroll and Key Society, then as now one of the most coveted distinctions outside of the purely academic sphere. He always retained a very absorbing interest in the affairs of Yale, returning almost annually to his class reunions.

After leaving college he entered his father’s business, Lyman, Clare & Company, in which he shortly became a partner. This business in 1879 was styled Lyman, Sons & Company, under which name it was known until 1908, becoming incorporated then as Lymans, Limited.

In 1887 Mr. Lyman together with James W. Knox and F. Gold Lyman established the business of Lyman, Knox & Company, which continued under this style until in 1906 it became part of the National Drug & Chemical Company, Limited, of which corporation Charles Lyman was secretary from its inception until he retired from business in 1908. Mr. Lyman was of a studious disposition, and his chief interest was perhaps centered in his family life. He was known for his broad culture and was a close follower of the public affairs of both the United States and Canada. Together with the late Goldwin Smith he was a firm believer in the eventual unity of political interest of these countries.

Mr. Lyman was married October 1, 1874, at Stelton, New Jersey, to Kate Dean, daughter of the late Henry Dean of New York, who survives him, together with their three children: C. Philip Lyman and Frank D. Lyman, both of Montreal; and Ruth Delia, the wife of William G. MacNaughton of Port Edwards, Wisconsin.

Mr. Lyman was a member of The University Club, of which he was one of the founders and The Montreal Amateur Athletic Association. He was a member of the American Presbyterian church, the corner stone of the present edifice having been laid by his father, Benjamin Lyman. The higher, better elements of life always made strong appeal to him, and the principles which governed his conduct make his example as a man and citizen one well worthy of emulation.

FREDERIC ORR-LEWIS.

Frederic Orr-Lewis was born at Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. He is the second son of the late William Thomas Lewis and Mary (Graham) Lewis, and a grandson of the late William Lewis, sheriff of Glamorganshire, Wales. The father was a shipowner in Canadian Inland Lakes. William Thomas Lewis came to Canada from Swansea, Wales, in 1852, locating at Hamilton. He became a prominent figure on the inland lakes between Chicago and Kingston and was a large shipowner. He retired from active business in 1890 and moved to Montreal, where he departed this life in 1908. For more than two decades he had survived his wife, who passed away in 1886.

Frederic Orr-Lewis was educated in Kingston, Ontario, and on leaving school went with J. Muckleston & Company, wholesale hardware merchants of the same city. He resigned from that position to establish his own business in Kingston in 1888 and removed the establishment to Montreal in 1889, associated with his brothers James Graham Lewis and Thomas Graham Lewis. The firm was then Lewis Brothers, which was later formed into the limited liability company of Lewis Brothers, Limited, of which he is still the president. From the beginning their trade has extended to such an extent that they now occupy the entire eight-story building which covers Nos. 20 to 42 inclusive on Bleury Street, Montreal, with sales offices in Ottawa, Toronto and other western cities. They have been recognized as one of the leading hardware establishments of the Dominion.

Frederic Orr-Lewis is also a director of the Merchants’ Bank of Canada and director of the Montreal Cotton Company and president of Canadian Vickers, Limited, which is associated with the English firm of Vickers, Sons & Maxim. In 1903 he was elected to the presidency of the Dominion Wholesale Hardware Merchants’ Association.

On the 18th of June, 1896, at Christ church, Montreal, was celebrated the marriage of F. Orr-Lewis and Maude Mary Helen Booth, daughter of William Booth of London, Ontario. They now have three children, a son and two daughters, John Duncan, Helen Merryday and Mary-Graham. The religious faith of the family is that of the Presbyterian church, Mr. and Mrs. Orr-Lewis holding membership therein.

He is widely and popularly known in club circles, holding membership in the leading organizations of that character in Montreal, including the St. James, Canada, Forest and Stream, Montreal Hunt, Montreal Jockey, Mount Royal, Montreal Royal Golf and Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Clubs. He is likewise a member of the Rideau Club of Ottawa, Ontario; and the Canada, the Wellington and Junior Carlton Clubs of London, England.

EUGENE-REAL ANGERS.

Eugène-Réal Angers, a well known barrister and solicitor in Montreal, was born in that city, October 1, 1883, a son of Réal and Joséphine (Trudel) Angers, and a grandson of François-Réal Angers, K. C., one of the leaders of the Quebec bar. The father, Réal Angers, was born in Quebec and for many years was a member of the wholesale hardware firm of Frothingham & Workman in Montreal. He died December 22, 1901, and his widow passed away in 1908. They were the parents of two sons and a daughter: Eugène-R.; Charles, who is with Frothingham & Workman, Limited, of Montreal; and Joséphine, the wife of Robert La Roque de Roquebrune, of Beloeil, Quebec.

Eugène-Réal Angers was educated in Montreal, winning the Bachelor of Arts degree upon the completion of a classical course in St. Mary’s College. He was graduated from Laval University with the degree of LL. L. in June, 1907. In July of that year he was admitted to the bar at Quebec and soon after formed a partnership for the practice of law in Montreal with Ernest Guimont under the firm name of Guimont & Angers. A year later the senior partner removed to St. Hyacinthe and Mr. Angers entered into other partnership relations, leading to the adoption of the firm style of Brosseau, Brosseau, Tansey & Angers. In September, 1913, he joined with Howard Salter Ross, K. C., in forming the law firm of Ross & Angers. They now have offices in the Transportation building, where they care for the interests of a growing clientele. Broad reading and study have constantly augmented Mr. Angers’ ability to handle complex and intricate problems of law, and he is becoming recognized as one of the ablest of the younger representatives of the Montreal bar.

On the 15th of September, 1909, Mr. Angers was married to Germaine Tousignant and they have one son, Pierre.

REV. THOMAS F. HEFFERNAN.

Rev. Thomas F. Heffernan is now in the sixth year of his able service as pastor of St. Thomas Aquinas’ church in Montreal, a parish which he has built up through his energy, zeal and well directed enterprise into one of the most popular and well managed in the city. He was born December 22, 1869, on Colborne Street, in St. Anne’s parish, Montreal, a son of the late Thomas and Ellen (Murray) Heffernan. In his infancy the parents moved to the east end of the city, where the father purchased several properties, some of these on Craig, Lagauchetiere and Dorion Streets.

As a child Father Heffernan attended St. Bridget’s school, taught by the Christian Brothers, and when he was twelve years of age he entered St. Mary’s College. After one year and a half he enrolled in St. Lawrence College, conducted by the Fathers of the Holy Cross. Here success attended his efforts and in due time he became professor. He afterward took a four years’ course in the Grand Seminary and was ordained to the Roman Catholic priesthood December 22, 1894, when he was twenty-five years of age. His first appointment was with the Rev. William O’Meara, pastor of St. Gabriel’s, with whom he remained for three years. At the end of that time, at the request of His Grace Archbishop Bruchesi he was appointed in September, 1898, professor extreme at Montreal College and did excellent work in this field for two years. Resigning at the end of that time, he was appointed assistant to Rev. J. E. Donnelly, pastor of St. Anthony’s, and he retained this connection for eight years, severing it in order to accept the appointment to the newly-founded parish of St. Thomas Aquinas. This was established for the English-speaking people of the west end who were living within the district bounded on the east by Atwater Avenue, on the west by the middle of Cote St. Paul Road, on the south by the canal and on the north by the Canadian Pacific Railroad track. There were about three hundred families; about one hundred residing between Atwater and Rose de Lima Streets, who belonged to St. Anthony’s parish; and two hundred attached to St. Henry’s. For a number of years previous there had been dissatisfaction among the St. Henry’s portion inasmuch as it was difficult for the Rev. Canon Decary to meet their needs satisfactorily. Accordingly a new parish was formed and placed in charge of Father Heffernan, who has since made St. Thomas Aquinas one of the most important Catholic congregations in the diocese. He has accomplished during the period of his incumbency a great deal of remarkable work. He had no money and he required fifteen thousand dollars to pay for the ground. He secured thirty thousand dollars from the Travelers Insurance Company and fifteen thousand dollars from Molson’s Bank and erected a thirty-five thousand dollar building now used as a church. The structure is two stories in height and so constructed that an additional two stories may be added if necessary. Father Heffernan also erected an attractive residence and has now a property valued at one hundred and fifty thousand dollars and a debt of only thirty thousand dollars. During the year of 1914 he is to build a new church of Florentine style of architecture, on Convent Street. When asked to explain how this work was accomplished Father Heffernan said: “God has visited his people and this people received him. My people work from conviction, illumined by the light of faith. I have no sick, no infirm, no needy. Health, wealth and blessings are ours. But you must leave here. Never, until they sing my Mass of Requiem. I attribute the whole success to the prayers of the children and to the good work of my Reverend assistant, Father Polan.”

Father Heffernan gives all of his time and attention to the affairs of his parish, working zealously and conscientiously in the promotion of the spiritual and material interests of his congregation. He has indeed accomplished a wonderful work at St. Thomas Aquinas and has the love of his people in large measure as well as the high regard and warm confidence of people of all denominations.

THOMAS BUSBY.

Thomas Busby, an old time Montreal merchant and in his day well known in connection with the retail hardware trade, was born in Montreal, a grandson of Thomas Busby, who was the founder of the family in Canada.

This first Thomas Busby came from Ireland and had charge of landscape gardening for the Baroness of Longueuil. He became a man of considerable property for those days. His daughter married Dr. Digby of Brantford, Ontario, and their daughter became the wife of Dr. Henwood of Brantford. Thomas Busby had a son Thomas, who married Mary Lacasse, and they were the parents of Thomas Busby of this review.

Thomas Busby, the third, was educated in the schools of Montreal and when a young man began to learn the hardware business in this city. He later lived for a few years in what was then called Upper Canada but in 1857 returned to Montreal and established himself in the hardware business, which he successfully conducted until his death, which occurred April 20, 1862.

Mr. Busby was married in Montreal in June, 1853, to Miss E. C. Greene, a daughter of Thomas J. Greene, who came to this city in early life from Saratoga, New York. He was a furrier and was for years at the head of the firm of Thomas Greene & Son, while later the sons continued the business under the style of Greene & Sons. Mr. and Mrs. Busby became the parents of four children, but the only one now living is Fred Busby, a resident of Denver, Colorado. Mrs. Busby still makes her home in Montreal, where she has now resided for more than six decades, witnessing therefore much of the development and modern progress of the city, and she is one of the highly esteemed of Montreal’s older residents.

GEORGES MAYRAND.

Through individual effort and ability Georges Mayrand has attained to a position of prominence as a representative of the notarial profession in Montreal, being now senior partner in the firm of Mayrand, Loranger, Ecrement & Melancon. A native of Port Neuf county, he was born at Grondines, on the 21st of August, 1876, and was educated under Jesuit instruction, attending St. Mary’s College of Montreal and afterward Laval University, in which he pursued the study of law, winning his B. L. degree on the completion of his law course in 1900. Having determined to concentrate his energies upon practice as a notary public, he opened an office in Montreal in September following his graduation and has created and developed an important business at No. 99 St. James Street. He has been joined by others as his clientage has grown until he is now head of the firm of Mayrand, Loranger, Ecrement & Melancon. He has also taken an active and helpful part in promoting the growth and progress of the city and is associated with several land companies, including the Greater Montreal Land Company, the Summerlea Realty Company and the Sault au Recollet Island Company. He has become thoroughly conversant with property values, readily recognizes a possible rise or diminution in realty prices and accordingly makes his investments so that he has secured good returns from his property holdings.

Mr. Mayrand’s public service has also included prompt and faithful discharge of the duties of alderman, he being elected to that position from the Delorimier ward and his efficiency was rewarded by reelection in April, 1914. He has likewise filled the office of school commissioner and coming prominently before the public in these positions has made an excellent record, creditable to himself and satisfactory to his supporters. In politics he is a liberal and in addition to the local offices he has filled he is representing Dorion county in the provincial legislature. He is now vice president and secretary of the Club Delorimier, is a member of the National Amateur Athletic Association and takes an exceedingly active interest in outdoor sports. He is a typical man of the times, alert and energetic in action, progressive in purpose and thoroughly alive to the opportunities which are presented for business advancement and public improvement.

REV. GERALD FRANCIS JOSEPH MCSHANE.

The Roman Catholic church numbers among its most distinguished representatives in Canada Rev. Gerald Francis Joseph McShane, pastor of St. Patrick’s church in Montreal and one of the best known lecturers and preachers in this province. He has been identified with religious activity in this city since 1900 and has since that time accomplished a great deal of constructive work here, his lectures, his eloquent preaching, his organizing and administrative activities constituting forces in the later development in Montreal of the doctrines in which he believes.

He was born in this city, December 5, 1872, and is a son of Michael and Margaret (Loftus) McShane, of Irish origin. In the acquirement of an education he attended Belmont school, the Archbishop’s Academy and Montreal College and later the Grand Seminary in that city, supplementing this by a four years’ course of study in Paris and Rome, receiving in the latter city degrees in philosophy and divinity. In 1896 he joined the Sulpician Order of this city and the same year left to complete his studies at St. Sulpice in Paris. In 1897 he was ordained priest, and three years later, in 1900, returned to Canada as curate of St. Patrick’s church, Montreal. For three years he did able work in that capacity and was then transferred to Notre Dame church in this city, where his sermons delivered in both French and English attracted much attention, they first bringing him into prominence as an orator. He has since that time become one of the most eloquent and widely known speakers in the city and is in great demand for lectures, sermons or orations of any kind. Since December, 1907, he has been pastor of St. Patrick’s church in Montreal and his address at his inaugural was regarded as more than an ordinary piece of tact and eloquence. Since that time he has carried forward a great deal of earnest and consecrated work in the management of his parish, which, being an important one, requires at its head a man of wide attainments, broad knowledge and discriminating business ability--qualities which Father McShane possesses in an unusual degree. He has been one of the greatest individual forces in the development of Catholic institutions in Montreal, having founded the Columbian Club, a social organization for Catholic students of McGill University. He is also a director and trustee of St. Patrick’s Orphanage. His congregation is one of the largest and most important in Montreal and its prestige is continually increasing as Father McShane’s ability as a pastor, a business man, an organizer and an orator becomes more widely recognized.

One of the city’s most brilliant, sincere and earnest Christian gentlemen, he occupies an enviable place in the regard of his parishioners and, indeed, of all who know him. The late Judge Curran, speaking of him, called him “a man of scholarly attainments, of fine tastes, of patriotic impulses and of considerable gifts as a speaker,” and this opinion is almost uniformly held throughout Montreal, where Father McShane has always made his home.

THIBAUDEAU RINFRET, K. C.

Thibaudeau Rinfret, a prominent and successful advocate of Montreal, brought to the outset of his career certain rare gifts, a strong individuality, laudable ambition and the indefatigable energy without which success and honors are seldom won by representatives of the bar. His advancement has been continuous and his energies have been largely concentrated upon his professional duties.

He was born in Montreal June 22, 1879, a son of F. O. R. and Alvina R. (Pominville) Rinfret, the former an advocate of Montreal, while the latter was a daughter of the late F. P. Pominville, Q. C., and a law partner of the late Sir G. E. Cartier, baronet. Having attended St. Mary’s (Jesuit) College, from which he was graduated on completion of the arts course with the B. A. degree in 1897, Mr. Rinfret afterward entered McGill University and won his B. C. L. degree in 1900. He was created king’s counsel in 1912, a fact indicative of the success which he has achieved in his law practice. He entered upon the active work of the profession in 1901 and successfully followed law practice at St. Jerome in partnership with Hon. Jean Prevost until 1910. Upon the appointment of Charles Archer, K. C., to the bench he joined the firm headed by J. L. Perron, K. C. The firm is now Perron, Taschereau, Rinfret, Genest, Billette & Plimsoll, and Mr. Rinfret has been connected with it since 1910. He carefully prepares his cases and is seldom at fault in the application of a legal principle, while his analytical ability enables him to readily understand the relation of cause and effect. Since 1902 he has been attorney for County Terrebonne for the inland revenue department, and he contested Terrebonne in the liberal interests at the federal general election of 1908 against the Hon. W. B. Nantel, now minister of inland revenue. Though his party was in the minority, he failed to secure the seat by only seventy-nine votes. Mr. Rinfret has rendered valuable service to the liberal party of whose principles he is a strong supporter.

The zeal with which he has devoted his energies to his profession, the careful regard evinced for the interests of his clients and an unrelaxing attention to all the details of his cases, have won him an enviable and well merited reputation. His acquaintance is wide, and he has a host of friends whose high regard he has gained through his professional ability, his deference to the opinions of others, his genial manner and unfailing courtesy.

Mr. Rinfret was married to Miss Georgine Rolland, a daughter of J. B. Rolland, of Montreal, where they make their home. Mr. Rinfret holds membership in the Catholic church.

CLARENCE I. DE SOLA.

The great industrial undertakings which have led to the substantial development and upbuilding of Canada have found a prominent representative in Clarence I. de Sola, today regarded as one of the foremost men engaged in public works and in shipbuilding in Canada. Moreover, he is prominent in the consular service and is a recognized leader in various movements for the improvement of the economic condition of the Hebrew people, some of his work in that direction being of world-wide significance. Montreal numbers him among her worthy and honored native sons, his birth having occurred here on the 15th of August, 1858. He is a member of an ancient and illustrious Jewish family that long resided in Spain, where it produced many distinguished men. He is the third son of the late Rev. Abraham de Sola, LL. D., who was one of the most eminent and scholarly exponents of orthodox Judaism in America and an author of international repute.

Liberal educational opportunities were accorded the subject of this sketch, and his life has been one of steadily expanding and increasing usefulness. Step by step he has advanced in business connections, and in 1887 he was made managing director of the Comptoir Belgo-Canadien, a syndicate of the leading Belgian manufacturers of steel and other structural material and builders of bridges, railroads and canal locks. The syndicate includes the famous Cockerill Works, of Seraing, employing eighteen thousand hands. His duties and responsibilities in this direction are most important. He secured and executed contracts in the building of the Soulanges and Trent canals, in re-laying large portions of the track of the Inter-Colonial Railway and the Prince Edward Island Railway, and in the construction of many of our largest public bridges. He was associated with the engineers Lafontaine and Lemoine in the construction of the Brock Street tunnel. It was largely due to his efforts that hydraulic lift locks were first used in American or Canadian canals.

It was in recognition of the ability he had shown in developing commercial relations between Belgium and Canada that Mr. de Sola was appointed, in 1904, vice consul for Belgium at Montreal, and his work in helping to negotiate the arrangement between the Belgian and Canadian governments, whereby the benefits of the intermediate Canadian customs tariff was secured for Belgian manufacturers, was rewarded by his advancement, in 1911 to the full rank of consul.

Extensive as have been Mr. de Sola’s efforts in connection with Belgian trade, he has also employed his energies in other fields, for he is the managing director of the Canadian office of Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson, Ltd., the great shipbuilders of Wallsend-on-Tyne, and he has undertaken and executed many contracts for the building of a large number of ships for traffic on the Canadian Great Lakes, the River St. Lawrence and the Atlantic oceans, amounting in all to quite a large fleet. The Canadian government has also had several ships built for its service by contracts awarded to Mr. de Sola, including some very fine vessels for hydrographic survey work, that have made their way through the ice-bound waters of Hudson’s Bay in dangerous seasons. The first ship ever seen in American waters, or that ever crossed the Atlantic ocean propelled by oil combustion engines, was built by Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson for Mr. de Sola as consignee. It was the ship Toiler, and it was run by Mr. de Sola on the St. Lawrence and lake route until sold by him to James Playfair. An improvement on the Toiler, the ship Calgary, was built during the following year and these were the first Diesel oil combustion engined vessels to run in Canadian waters.

Clarence de Sola is a director of the Reid-Donald Steamship Company, of which he is the Canadian manager, and he is also a director of the Farrar Transportation Company.

Mr. de Sola has become widely known as a leading factor in the world-embracing Zionist Movement, for the settlement in Palestine of the persecuted Jews emigrating from Russia and other eastern European countries and for the restoration of the Holy Land as the national home of the Hebrew race. He was for a long period on the Actions Committee, which is the supreme governing council of the Zionist Movement, and for many years has been president of the Federation of Zionist Societies of Canada. This federation is a huge organization having branch societies in about sixty different cities and towns throughout the Dominion, and is the most representative Jewish body in Canada. It was through his initiative and foresight that the Zionists of Canada, at their eleventh convention, established a special fund for purchasing land in Palestine on which to settle Jewish colonists and two Jewish colonies in the Holy Land owe their existence entirely to this measure. The Canadian Century has aptly styled him “the head and shoulders of the Zionist Movement in Canada.” He has also figured prominently in the Zionist International Congresses.

Mr. de Sola is a recognized authority on Jewish history, more especially the early records of the Jews of this country, to which he has given years of research. A number of his articles on this subject have appeared in print. He is an honorary corresponding member of the American-Jewish Historical Society and member of the Anglo-Jewish Historical Society. When Funk & Wagnalls published the Jewish Encyclopedia Mr. de Sola was selected to be one of the writers of the articles on Jewish history and his contributions are to be found in most of the twelve volumes. One of his most salient characteristics is his loyalty to any cause which he espouses. Men have learned to know that what he promises he will do, that what he undertakes he will execute, and to all his work he brings the correct principles of business; accomplishing with dispatch, with accuracy and decision that which he sets out to do. He does not confine his efforts to institutions for the benefit of those of his own race. In fact his work has always been broad and nonsectarian in character and any call for humanity’s sake has met with ready response from him. He is a governor of the Montreal General Hospital and an officer of numerous philanthropic societies. He is the presiding warden (Parnas) of the Corporation of Spanish and Portuguese Jews of Montreal, the handsome design of whose synagogue building is due to the architectural taste of Mr. de Sola, a taste which also made itself felt in the striking beauty and individuality of his own home.

In 1901 Mr. de Sola was married to Miss Belle Maud Goldsmith, daughter of Leopold Goldsmith, a prominent citizen of Cleveland, Ohio. She completed a collegiate course with the Bachelor of Arts degree, and is an active officer of various organizations, including among nonsectarian ones the Victorian Order of Nurses, the Royal Edward Institute, the Needlework Guild and many others. Among Jewish societies she is founder of the Daughters of Zion in Canada and of the Women’s League for Cultural Work in Palestine. She also was one of those who organized the Friendly League of Jewish Women, of which she was the first president. She has written several absorbingly interesting literary articles, among them being “The Higher Education of Women,” “The Origin of the French Salon,” and “The Jew--Imaginary and Real.”

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence de Sola’s home, on Pine Avenue, is one of the most beautiful in Montreal. It is a splendid example of Saracenic architecture, such as is seen in southern Spain. In both its general outlines and in its rich ornamental details it is an exquisite specimen of the highest form of Andalusian art. It is a home that is additionally attractive by reason of a gracious and cordial hospitality.

EDOUARD GOHIER.

There is probably no other line of business that is equal as a factor in a city’s growth and development to the real-estate business when conducted by men who are reliable and who aim to develop only properties of merit and value. Included among such men in Montreal is Edouard Gohier, senior member of Edouard Gohier & Company. Mr. Gohier has been connected with a number of the largest high-class suburban property deals that have taken place around Montreal in recent years. His long experience in that line of business, as well as his straightforward business methods, has secured for him a high position in real-estate and financial circles.

Mr. Gohier comes from one of the oldest families in the province of Quebec and was born April 29, 1861, at St. Martin, Laval county, his parents being Benjamin and Celina (Crevier) Gohier. Mr. Gohier’s early life was spent on a farm, but when about twenty-two years old he entered business circles in connection with the dry-goods trade at St. Laurent and was thus engaged about seven years. He then turned his attention to the real-estate business in that town and Cartierville, later opening an office in Montreal. For sixteen years he served as mayor of St. Laurent and has always taken a deep interest in public affairs in that town. Among the larger deals negotiated by Edouard Gohier & Company of late years have been La Cie des Boulevards de l’Ile de Montreal and the sale to the Canadian Northern Land Company of the land for the Model City, a suburb of Montreal, transactions that have been profitable to the principals and valuable acquisitions to the city. Mr. Gohier is managing director of the Northmount Land Company as well as one of the original promoters of the company. His connection with public interests has been of value in various lines and always marked by the same careful consideration given his own business affairs. He is a director of Notre Dame Hospital and of Le Devoir, while in March, 1914, he was appointed by the federal government as a member of the Georgian Bay Canal Commission. In political matters he is a supporter of the conservative party, while his religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church.

Mr. Gohier married at St. Laurent Phomela Gosselin, a daughter of Narcise Gosselin, and to them have been born thirteen children, eight of whom are living. Horace, a graduate of St. Lawrence College, later attended Notre Dame University of South Bend, Indiana. Aside from his connection with the firm of Edouard Gohier & Company he is a member of the firm of Gohier & Bigras, who handle city properties, Laval on the Lake and the properties of the Montreal Extension Land Company. He is likewise a director of the Montreal Turnpike Trust. Politically he is a conservative and is an alderman of the town of St. Laurent. His wife bore the maiden name of Rosa Jasmin. The other children of Edouard and Phomela (Gosselin) Gohier are as follows: Joseph, a farmer of St. Laurent, who married Alice Valois; Ernest, a graduate of McGill University, who married Berthe Mont Briant of Montreal and who is a civil engineer and a partner of F. C. Laberge of Montreal; Edouard, a graduate of St. Lawrence College, who has taken post-graduate work in Notre Dame University at South Bend, Indiana, and is now a lumber merchant of St. Laurent; Amanda, who married J. Bruno Nantel; Yvonne; Lorette; and Leo.

Mr. Gohier has always resided in St. Laurent, while his summer home is in Cartierville. Among his individual holdings of real estate in St. Laurent is a valuable stock farm of five hundred acres. He is a successful business man whose career has been marked by honorable methods and whose progressive ideas in educational and civic matters have long since caused him to be numbered among the valued and respected citizens of his town.

JOSEPH EMERY-CODERRE.

Joseph Emery-Coderre, a well known notary of Montreal, was born April 14, 1880, at Ste. Anne de Stukely, in Shefford county, Quebec, and is descended from an old family of St. Antoine on the Richelieu river. He is a grandnephew of Dr. J. Emery-Coderre, who was a professor at Victoria and Laval Universities in Montreal.

J. Emery-Coderre, father of him whose name introduces this review, removed to Indian Orchard, Massachusetts, 1882 and to Woonsocket, Rhode Island, in 1886 and there the son was educated in the parochial school, while from 1892 until 1897 he attended the Brothers of Mary school at Waterloo, Quebec, and from September, 1897, to January, 1898, the Seminary of St. Hyacinthe. In April, 1898, he returned to Woonsocket, Rhode Island, and for two years was employed in the Globe Cotton Mills, old Braid Shop, and by the American Wringer Company. In 1900 he left the mills to continue his education at the Séminaire of St. Marie de Monnoir at Marieville, Quebec, remaining there for six years. In 1906 he won his Bachelor of Arts degree from Laval University and during the ensuing two years he clerked in the office of Boisseau & Bazinet, notaries at St. Hyacinthe, Quebec. During the succeeding two years he studied at Laval University and clerked in the office of Biron & Savignac, notaries. Thus alternating business activity with the acquirement of an education, he at length reached a position that enabled him to pass the examination before the board of notaries on the 10th of July, 1910. Immediately afterward he became a member of the firm of Biron & Savignac, notaries, with offices at 99 St. James Street, Montreal, the said firm having now another member and being known as Biron, Savignac, Coderre & Poirier.

J. Emery-Coderre is secretary and treasurer of the corporation of Montreal East and is a member of the Montreal East Land Company. At the same time the firm with which he is connected is accorded an extensive clientage, and thus his professional and business interests are important. He has made wise use of time, talents and opportunities, and his ability has advanced him to an enviable position.

On the 12th of October, 1910, J. Emery-Coderre was married at St. Hyacinthe to Bertha Tetrault, a daughter of François Xavier Tetrault, and they have become parents of two children, François Xavier and Maurice. J. Emery-Coderre is a member of the Club Champetre Canadien. A young man, he has won popularity in both professional and social circles, and he now has a wide and favorable acquaintance in Montreal.

HON. COLONEL SIR RODOLPHE FORGET, M. P.

“One of the most powerful men in financial circles in Canada; he can make and unmake and has seldom been beaten in a financial battle.” Thus wrote the Canadian Courier concerning one of the foremost French-Canadian citizens of Montreal--Colonel Joseph David Rodolphe Forget, better known as Sir Rodolphe Forget, banker, broker and legislator. He was born at Terrebonne, Province of Quebec, December 10, 1861, and while spending his youthful days in the home of his parents, David and Angele (Limoges) Forget, he attended Masson College. In early manhood he established a home of his own through his marriage in October, 1885, to Mlle. Alexandra Tourville. Subsequent to her death he was married, in April, 1894, to Miss Blanche, youngest daughter of the late A. R. McDonold, a stock broker of Quebec. Lady Forget is prominent in charitable and benevolent circles, being a director of the Montreal Day Nursery and the Notre Dame Hospital, while in 1909 she was elected vice president of the Women’s Canadian Club.

Sir Rodolphe Forget’s active connection with financial affairs began in 1890, when he joined the Montreal Stock Exchange, of which he was chosen chairman in 1908, continuing in that position until 1911, when he resigned. He was for a time connected with the business of L. J. Forget & Company, the senior partner being the late Hon. L. J. Forget. In 1909 a branch house was established in Paris and as banker and broker Sir Rodolphe Forget has attained prominence equal to that which has come to him in connection with public affairs. Many of the extensive and important corporation interests of Canada have been quickened and stimulated through his cooperation, while his sound judgment has constituted a controlling force in their management. He is president of the Quebec and Saguenay Railway, the Quebec Railway Light, Heat & Power Company; vice president of the Montreal Light, Heat & Power Company; and director of the Toronto Railway Company, the Quebec Gas Company, the Sterling Coal Company, Limited, the Canadian General Electric Company, and the St. Lawrence Flour Mills Company. He was formerly president of the Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Company, the Eastern Canada Steel & Iron Works, Limited, the Royal Electric Company, and the Mount Royal Assurance Company; and vice president of the Canadian Securities Corporation and La Société d’Administration Générale; and director of the Duluth Street Railway Company, the Montreal-London Securities Corporation, the Black Lake Consolidated Asbestos Company, the Union Brewery Company, the Murray-Bay Lumber & Pulp Company, the City Central Real Estate Company, the Montreal Smelting & Reduction Company, the Prudential Trust Company, the Wayagamack Pulp & Paper Company, the Crown Life Insurance Company, the Canada Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company, the Payne Consolidated Mining Company, La Banque Provinciale and Le Journal. In 1911 he founded La Banque Internationale du Canada. He was rated as a millionaire by the Montreal Star in 1907, which in itself is a testimonial of his power as a financier. In 1911 he headed the navigation merger. He has also been connected with the Canada Car Foundry Company, the Industrial Development Company, the Butte Central Copper Company, and the Montmorency Cotton Mills Company. All these indicate something of the wonderful scope of his business interests and activity and yet by no means give a complete record of his interest and his efforts, which have been equally strong forces in the control, development and upbuilding of organizations having to do with the public welfare. In 1911 he made a gift of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars to the Notre Dame Hospital, of which he is a director. He is also president of the Province of Quebec Rifle Association, and he was appointed honorary lieutenant colonel of the Sixty-fifth Carabiniers, “Mount Royal” of Montreal in 1907, and was promoted to honorary colonel in March, 1914. He is a director of the Canadian National Bureau of Breeding and is a life governor of the Antiquarian and Numismatic Society. He was vice president of Credit Foncier Franco-Canadien. He has been a member of the executive committee of the Canadian Handicrafts Guild of Montreal, holding the office in 1908.

In politics an independent-conservative, Sir Rodolphe Forget has sat for Charlevoix in the house of commons since 1904. In 1911 he was elected for Charlevoix and Montmorency--said to be the first occasion in the history of the Dominion in which a member in opposition was elected for two constituencies. He was offered a portfolio when Premier Borden formed his cabinet, but declined. He believes in a direct contribution from Canada for the imperial navy and opposed the Taft-Fielding reciprocity pact. His religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church. In club circles he is well known as a member of the Mount Royal, the St. James, Club Lafontaine, Club Canadien, Club St. Denis, Canada, Montreal, Montreal Jockey, Montreal Hunt, Canadian, Forest and Stream, Montreal Curling, Montreal Military Institute, Royal Montreal Golf, Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Clubs, of Montreal, and the Garrison Club of Quebec, in many of which he has held official positions. He has been termed “the young Napoleon of St. François Xavier Street.” He has manifested Napoleonic powers in other connections and his strength, power and resource have given him the position of honor and distinction which he now occupies. His residence is at No. 71 Ontario Avenue, and his summer home is “Gil Mont,” St. Irenee les Bains, Quebec.

FITZ-JAMES E. BROWNE.

One of the best known citizens of Montreal whose reputation in business is international is Fitz-James E. Browne, president of the famous and highly successful firm known as “The House of Browne, Limited,” real-estate experts, auctioneers, architects and fire insurance agents. He was born in Montreal on the 22d of September, 1871, a son of the late John James and Agnes Dunlop (Hay) Browne, and comes of Irish and Scotch ancestry. He acquired his early education at the McTavish school and afterward attended Lincoln College at Sorel, province of Quebec.

After leaving school Mr. Browne became associated in the architectural profession with his father and soon after the death of the latter, in 1893, Fitz-James E. Browne engaged in the real-estate business, continuing the firm name of John James Browne until 1894, when the present title of “The House of Browne, Limited” was assumed, and no real-estate firm in the Dominion is as widely known. Mr. Browne’s advertising measures are both progressive and aggressive as well as unique. He has been a pioneer in methods that others attempt to imitate. As a real-estate auctioneer it is doubtful if he has an equal. He has officiated at the biggest sales on record in Canada and holds the proud honor of having sold the highest priced property per foot in Montreal. He possesses a comprehensive and accurate knowledge of values as well as a thorough and practical understanding of all the intricacies of the real-estate business in the city, and his upright business methods have won him the esteem and confidence of all. His knowledge of architecture from both the scientific and practical standpoint is broad, and as a real-estate expert he stands in the front rank. He is frequently called upon to address meetings of real-estate dealers and deliver lectures upon real-estate selling in both Canada and the United States.

Mr. Browne was married in August, 1896, to Miss Sarsie Geraldine Nagle of Montreal. Her tragic death, resulting from injuries sustained in being struck by a tram car, occurred on November 15, 1913. She is survived by two sons: John James Ethelbert and Henry Shewbridge Bashford.

Like the majority of progressive business men of the day, Mr. Browne keeps well informed on leading questions and issues, but does not seek nor desire the honors and emoluments of office, preferring to concentrate his attention upon his business affairs. In his younger days he devoted much time to amateur sport, in which he still retains deep interest. As a member of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association he was foremost in opposition to the introduction of professionalism into the organization. He was a prime factor in the organization of the St. Patrick’s Amateur Athletic Association and has since been its leading spirit. Mr. Browne is a very public-spirited man and any movement for the advancement of the city, province or Dominion finds in him a most hearty supporter.

PAUL BRISSET DES NOS.

Prominent in real-estate circles of Montreal is Paul Brisset des Nos, whose activities in that field have had an important bearing upon the growth of the city. He has successfully handled important deals and has been connected with some of the largest transactions consummated in real estate. At present he is manager of the L’Alliance Immobilière, Incorporated, which he established in 1912 and which is capitalized at one hundred thousand dollars. He is among the successful Parisians who have selected Montreal as their field of labor, and yet he often visits the land of his birth. Having had all the advantages of an excellent education, he understands mankind and judges conditions correctly, and these features are largely the corner stone of his success. He was born in Paris, November 17, 1873, and comes of a distinguished family, his father being André Brisset des Nos, for many years manager for La Foncière, Paris, and his mother Clémentine Hébert de la Rousselière.

Paul Brisset des Nos enjoyed the advantages of a classical course, attending the College of the Jesuits in his native city, located at the rue de Madrid, and also the school of the same order at the rue Bleury at Montreal. He made his first step into the business world as partner of his father, who was engaged in the wholesale wine and liquor business at 23 Gosford Street, Montreal, the business being conducted under the name of André Brisset & Fils. He was connected with this firm for six years but in 1906 he opened a real-estate office. For about seven years he was located at Pointe-aux-Trembles but subsequently gave much of his time to two tracts of land which he had acquired in the district of the Rivière des Prairies, which he subdivided into eighteen hundred lots, all of which have been disposed of today. Among other enterprises he was concerned in the building of four butter factories near Montreal. In 1912 he established and incorporated the L’Alliance Immobilière, with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, and has since been manager thereof. He is a number of the Montreal Real Estate Exchange.

On the 11th of February, 1901, at Montreal, Mr. Brisset des Nos was united in marriage to Miss Yvonne Lareau, a daughter of the late Edmond Lareau, deputy of Rouville. Mr. and Mrs. Brisset des Nos have the following children: Paul, ten years of age; Aliette, aged eight; Yves six; and Madeleine, three.

It is conceded on all sides that realty activities largely contribute to the growth of a community and in that way Mr. Brisset des Nos has participated in the development and commercial expansion of Montreal. He is public-spirited and takes a deep interest in any forward movement promoted in the cause of the general welfare. Although he has been connected with real-estate transactions for a comparatively short time, he has made his influence felt in that field to such an extent that his opinions and advice are often sought by investors. L’Alliance Immobilière, founded upon a solid basis, may well look toward a prosperous future under the able management of Mr. Brisset des Nos, whose wide experience and sound judgment are among the most important assets of the corporation.

HON. SIR LOMER GOUIN.

Hon. Sir Lomer Gouin, a distinguished representative of the Montreal bar and a statesman whose grasp of affairs has made him largely master of situations affecting government interests, was born at Grondines, P. Q., March 19, 1861, a son of Dr. J. N. and Victorie Seraphine (Fugere) Gouin. The family has long been established in this province. Sir Lomer Gouin in the attainment of his education attended successfully Sorel College, Levis College and the Laval University. He won his LL. B. degree in 1884 and in 1902 the honorary degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him while McGill also created him an LL. D. in 1911. He pursued his law studies under the direction of the late Sir John Abbot and the late Hon. R. Laflamme, two of the most eminent members of the bar of Montreal. Passing the required examinations, Sir Lomer Gouin was admitted to practice as an advocate in 1884, and his advancement in his profession has brought him to a position of leadership at the provincial bar. He was at one time a law partner of Judge Pagnuelo and afterward of the late Hon. H. Mercier. His knowledge of the law is comprehensive and exact and in the application of its principles he has proven himself one of the ablest representatives of the bar in Montreal. He was elected batonnier-general of the provincial bar in 1910, was appointed an officer of de l’Institut Public of France in 1902 and also of the Legion of Honor in 1907. Aside from his profession, he is known in financial circles as a director of the Royal Trust Company, of the Montreal City and District Savings Bank and of the Mount Royal Assurance Company. The Venerable Archdeacon Kerr characterized him as “a straightforward business man,” and in all his career he has never deviated from high standards of manhood and citizenship.

In 1908 he was knighted by King George at the Quebec Tercentenary celebration. His public service has been of an important character and is of wide scope, and in 1898 he was appointed a member of the council of public instruction, P. Q., and in 1910 was elected president of the North American Fish and Game Protective Association. He has likewise been president of the Canadian Camp. In 1900 he was chosen an alderman of Montreal and exercises his official prerogatives in support of various measures for the general good. Mr. Gouin is a liberal in politics and for some years has been active in the party. He unsuccessfully contested Richelieu for the House of Commons at the general election in 1891, and he sat for Montreal, St. James division, in the local house in 1897-1908. Since then he has sat for Port Neuf. He is regarded as an administrator of breadth of view, great knowledge and ability and unimpeachable probity. From 1900 until 1904 Sir Lomer Gouin was commissioner of public works under the Parent administration, and since March 23, 1905, has been premier and attorney-general for the province of Quebec. An eminent statesmen has characterized him as “the greatest prime minister the province has ever known.” His comprehensive knowledge of the law and his ready grasp of affairs, combined with his unfaltering loyalty to the best interests of government, classes him with the most prominent Canadian statesmen. In 1906 he was chairman of the Ottawa Inter-Provincial Conference and was a delegate thereto in 1910. He has edited a special edition of the Quebec Municipal Code, and he seems familiar with all the various phases of the important municipal, provincial and national problems which are now engaging public attention.

Sir Lomer Gouin was married in May, 1888, to Miss Eliza Mercier, a daughter of the late Hon. Honore Mercier, prime minister of Quebec. Lady Gouin passed away in September, 1904, and in September, 1911, he wedded Alice, daughter of the late Auguste Amos of Montreal. Sir Lomer Gouin was present by invitation at the coronation of King George and Queen Mary in Westminster Abbey in June, 1911. He is well known in club circles as a member of the Garrison Club of Quebec; the Club St. Denis, the Montreal Reform Club, and the Mount Royal Club of Montreal. His religious affiliation is with the Roman Catholic church.

ISAAC GOUVERNEUR OGDEN.

The enterprise which has brought the western world to a par with the old world in all that touches business activity and progress finds exemplification in the life record of Isaac Gouverneur Ogden, now vice president of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company. It would be a partial view, however, if one were to consider his life record only from the standpoint of business advancement, as his labors have been directed with equal efficiency along lines which touch the general interests of society or have their root in a broad humanitarian spirit.

Born across the border, Mr. Ogden is a native of New York, the date of his birth being October 10, 1844. His parents were Isaac Gouverneur and Elizabeth Katherine (Williamson) Ogden, representatives of old and distinguished families of the Empire state. His education was acquired in local public schools, while his early business training came to him in a mercantile house in his native state where he secured employment in 1860. He early recognized the eternal principle that industry wins, and industry became the beacon light of his life. He turned from merchandising to banking, entering the house of Fisk & Hatch with which he remained until March, 1871, when he made his initial step in railway service as paymaster and accountant for the Chicago & Pacific Railway Company. The duties of the dual position were promptly and capably discharged until 1876, when he was made auditor, serving in that capacity for five years under a receiver.

In 1881 he became auditor for the western division of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, was advanced to the position of auditor for the Canadian Pacific in 1883 and so remained until 1887. For fourteen years thereafter he was comptroller for the Canadian Pacific and since December, 1901 has been vice president of the most important railway that crosses the Dominion. Long experience has made him familiar with various phases of railway operation and management, and thus he came well equipped to his present position, ready for administrative direction and executive control.

In early manhood Mr. Ogden wedded Miss Julia M. Baker and they reside at No. 457 Mackay Street. Home and business interests, however, by no means comprise the extent of his activities which reach out into the fields of religious and philanthropic work and also prominently into club life. He is an Anglican, is president of the Montreal College of Homeopathic Physicians and Surgeons; and is a life governor of the Montreal Homeopathic Hospital. In 1901 he was elected president of the Association of American Railway Accounting Officers and in 1905 was a delegate to the International Railway Congress. He brings to bear upon public questions the same keen discrimination and sound judgment that have characterized his activities in railway circles. His social nature finds expression in his membership in the St. James, Mount Royal, Forest and Stream, Royal St. Lawrence Yacht and Montreal Hunt Clubs of Montreal; the Lotus and Transportation Clubs of New York, and the Manitoba Club of Winnipeg.

CHARLES HAZLITT CAHAN.

It cannot be denied that members of the bar have been more prominent actors in public affairs than any other class of the community. This is but the natural result of causes which are manifest and require no explanation. The ability and training which qualify one to practice law also qualify him in many respects for duties which lie outside the strict path of his profession and which touch the general interests of society. Holding marked precedence among the members of the bar and recognized also as an influential factor in political circles, Charles Hazlitt Cahan is a well known and honored resident of Montreal. He comes of a family of Irish origin and was born at Hebron, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, October 31, 1861, his parents being the late Charles and Theresa Cahan, of Yarmouth. He supplemented his early educational training by study at Yarmouth Seminary and in Dalhousie University, winning his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1886 and Bachelor of Laws degree in 1890. He began practice as a barrister of Nova Scotia in 1893 and was created king’s counsellor there in 1907. In the same year he entered upon the practice of law in the province of Quebec and was made king’s counsellor in this province in 1909. While a resident of Halifax he was a member of the law firm of Harris, Henry & Cahan but since 1909 has been in practice in Montreal. He has always specialized in corporation law, in which department he has had wide and varied experience in North and South America and in Europe.

There was an interval between the completion of his course and his active connection with the bar in which he devoted his time and energies to journalistic interests, being connected with the Halifax Evening Mail and Herald, resigning, however, to devote his attention to law and politics in 1894, and he has made for himself a prominent name and position in the latter as well as in the former connection. He contested Shelburne, Nova Scotia, in the conservative interest and following the election sat in the Nova Scotia legislature from 1890 until 1894, during which period he was the recognized leader of the opposition. In 1896 he unsuccessfully contested Shelburne and Queen’s for the house of commons, and also Cumberland at the general election in 1900. He declined a nomination for the St. Lawrence division of Montreal at the general election of 1911, and he also refused political honors when he decided not to accept the portfolio offered him in the Dominion cabinet in 1896. Public activity has ever been with him a matter of public duty, as he has ever placed the general good before partisanship or self-aggrandizement. He was for several years honorary secretary of the Halifax branch of the Imperial Federation League and honorary secretary of the Liberal-Conservative Association in Nova Scotia. With all the duties that have been imposed upon him in his political and professional connections, he has found time and opportunity to cooperate in the management of various successful business corporations and interests. He is now the president of the Western Canada Power Company and of the Corporation Agencies, Ltd., and a director of several other important financial and industrial companies. He has closely studied vital public problems, and he took a decided stand against the Taft-Fielding reciprocity compact, against which he delivered various addresses during the political campaign of 1911. He has been termed a courageous, ready and powerful speaker. He presents his arguments with clearness and force, and their logic is convincing.

On March 1, 1887, Mr. Cahan was united in marriage to Mrs. Mary J. Hetherington of Halifax, Nova Scotia, and they now reside at No. 740 University Street, Montreal, with a summer residence at “Belmont,” Halifax, Nova Scotia. Mr. Cahan’s club relationship is with the Mount Royal and Montreal Clubs, Montreal; the Halifax Club, Halifax; and the Jockey Club of Mexico. He filled the presidency of the Dalhousie University Alumni Association in 1893-4. One of the elements of his success is found in his ability to entirely concentrate his thought and efforts upon the question or work in hand and then turn with equal enthusiasm and capability to his next duty or undertaking. The trend of his mind is analytical, logical and inductive, and as a corporation lawyer he stands among the foremost representatives of the profession in Montreal.

LEANDRE BELANGER.

Leandre Bélanger, for forty years or more one of the most prominent notaries of the province of Quebec, was born March 29, 1848, at St. François de Sales, Laval county. His father, Leandre Bélanger, was a carriage maker by trade and married Marie Nadon. His grandfather, François Bélanger, was a farmer of Laval county.

In his native village Leandre Bélanger, Jr., spent his boyhood and was educated at Terrebonne College. For five years he studied law in the office of Melasippe Prevost in Terrebonne and on the 11th of June, 1871, was commissioned a licensed notary in Quebec. For a year thereafter he engaged in practice at St. François de Sales, but, seeking a more extensive field, he located in Montreal on the 1st of May, 1872, and in this city soon built up a large and lucrative practice. Until 1909 he was alone in practice, but in that year formed a partnership with his son Adrien under the name of Bélanger & Bélanger, with offices at No. 30 St. James Street. For twenty-five years Mr. Bélanger has been a member of the board of notaries of the province of Quebec and for three years served as president of that board. For eight years he was president of the Montreal Association of Notaries and his contemporaries in the profession accord him a high position in their ranks. He has been a member of the Antiquarian and Numismatic Society for many years, and he is also a member of the Chambre de Commerce.

Mr. Bélanger is a member of the Catholic church and of L’Union Catholique and has served as a director and vice president of the latter. In politics he has ever remained independent. In 1870 he was married at St. François de Sales, to Claire Viger, and they became parents of two children: Joseph, a resident of St. Hyacinthe; and Maria, the wife of Dr. Archambault, of Fall River, Massachusetts. In 1879 Mr. Bélanger was married, in Montreal, to Miss Laura Viau and they have seven children: Leandre, an electrician in Montreal; Adrien, who is in partnership with his father; Armand; Laura; Evelina; Antoinette; and Alice. The family home is on St. Catherine road in Outremont.

HON. LOUIS ONESIME LORANGER.

Hon. Louis Onesime Loranger, whose name is prominently associated with the history of Montreal’s judiciary, retired from the bench in May, 1910, but has never ceased to feel a deep interest in his profession or in the great and vital problems which are most closely connected with the welfare and progress of the country.

He was born at Yamachiche in the province of Quebec on the 7th of April, 1837, a son of the late Joseph and Marie Louise (Dugal) Loranger. In the acquirement of his education he attended Montreal College and St. Mary’s College, the latter a Jesuit school of Montreal, and in preparation for the bar, having determined to make the practice of law his life work, he began a thorough course of reading and on the 3d of May, 1858, was admitted to practice at Montreal. He then joined his brothers, Hon. T. J. I. Loranger, late judge of the superior court and the late J. M. Loranger, K. C. They acquired an extensive practice and, in fact, were accorded a large share of the most important law work in the city during the greater part of the later half of the nineteenth century. Mr. Louis O. Loranger was created a king’s counsel by the Marquis of Lorne in 1881 and the honorary degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by Laval University in 1901. He continued in the active profession of law until appointed judge of the superior court for the district of Montreal in 1882, and remained upon the bench for twenty-seven years, or until May, 1910, when he entered into the enjoyment of a full pension.

Judge Loranger’s public service aside from his connection with the judiciary has been extensive and of an important character. He was alderman of Montreal from 1868 until 1879, covering a period of eleven years, and he sat for Laval in the local legislature for a period of seven years, or from 1875 until 1882. He was attorney general in the Chapleau administration from 1879 until 1882. It was upon his retirement from that position that he was made puisne judge, continuing upon the bench for twenty-seven years thereafter. His public service also covers incumbency in the office of president of the St. Jean Baptiste Society in 1895-6. In 1906 he was elected governor of Laval University and the same year was made president of Notre Dame Hospital.

Judge Loranger was twice married. In 1867 he married Marie Anne Rosalie Lafranboise, a daughter of the late Hon. Mr. Justice Lafranboise. To them were born seven children: Louise, the deceased wife of Henry Masson; Louis J., a prominent advocate of Montreal, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume; Adele, now Mrs. H. Prefontaine; Caroline, now Mrs. Hubert Desjardins; Joseph, a well known advocate of Montreal; Maurice, a well known attorney of this city; and Rosalie, now Mrs. Emile Chaput, of Montreal. The mother of these children died in May, 1883, and Judge Loranger was again married in May, 1888, his second wife being Mrs. Antonette (Valois) Verin, a daughter of the late S. Valois.

Hon. L. O. Loranger is a communicant of the Roman Catholic church. He belongs to Club Lafontaine and is an advocate to conservative principles. He enjoys high reputation as a lawyer and as a debater and still takes an exceedingly active interest in political affairs. He has long since passed the Psalmist’s span of three score years and ten, having now reached the age of seventy-seven, but in spirit and interest seems yet in his prime. Old age need not necessarily suggest inactivity; on the contrary, there is an old age which grows stronger and better mentally and morally as the years go by and gives out of the rich store of its experience for the benefit of others. Such is the record of Hon. Louis Onesime Loranger, whose opinions carry weight in many councils and are always worthy of an interested hearing.

EDOUARD O. CHAMPAGNE.

Edouard O. Champagne, superintendent of the department of boiler inspection for the city of Montreal, has been connected with that department of the city government for thirty-five years, during which time he has established a reputation for capability and efficiency in his line that is probably unsurpassed on the continent. Thoroughly progressive and up-to-date, he has kept fully abreast of the advancement made in all lines of manufacture and usage affecting his department.

Mr. Champagne comes from one of the old and prominent families of the province, a family whose members for nearly two hundred and fifty years have been identified with provincial history and have been regarded as of the highest type of French-Canadian citizenship. Edouard O. Champagne was born at Sorel, Quebec, in 1848. His education was acquired at the Christian Brothers College, where he excelled in mechanical drawing and civil engineering and also at the John Allan Model and Classical school of Sorel. He served his apprenticeship as a machinist in the St. Lawrence engine works, after which he was for fourteen years employed on steamboats on the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers and Lakes Champlain, Erie and Ontario in his professional capacity.

His splendid record as an engineer of various boats induced the harbor commissioners of Montreal to engage him to run the St. Peter, their best boat, which was never outdistanced during the four years in which he was in charge. In 1872 he obtained a first class certificate from the federal government as a mechanical engineer, being the first French-Canadian to whom was accorded that distinction. In 1879 he was appointed boiler inspector for the city of Montreal by a council, the majority of whose members were English-speaking. His experience has enabled him to solve many of the difficult and intricate problems that arise in connection with the operation of engines, pumps, steam plants, elevators and water and gas plants. In a word, he has expert scientific knowledge and practical mechanical ability and is splendidly qualified for the onerous and important duties which devolve upon him in this connection. As an example of his capability, as well as the value of his services to the city, mention might be made of the heating apparatus of the public baths. In July, 1913, when the question of heating water for the public baths was being considered by the city officials, various types of expensive and complicated apparatus were shown and inspected. The expense of installation, as well as that of fuel and maintenance, represented a large sum if any of those systems had been adopted. Mr. Champagne had given the matter some thought and, with a system of entirely his own planning, offered to install an efficient and economical apparatus for that purpose. How well he succeeded may be inferred from the fact that at an expense of ten dollars he secured the same result, in less than one-half the time, that a system costing ten thousand dollars would have accomplished. Three such equipments were supplied by him, representing a first cost saving of thirty thousand dollars to the city. Being in the city’s employ, he waived all claims to remuneration as an inventor. The city’s requirements in the future will call for a number of such installations, each one of which will mean a saving of an additional ten thousand dollars.

At their annual meeting in 1880 the various members of the Association of Boiler Inspectors of the United States and Canada were invited to submit designs from which the organization’s official seal was to be selected. Mr. Champagne, through illness in his family, was unable to attend this meeting. However, he submitted the design he had planned, and it was adopted. This has ever since been in use as the official seal of the association. The first impression made from the seal, together with a small photogravure of the original drawing, were sent to Mr. Champagne by the officials. The design of the seal is unique and highly appropriate, containing accurate drawings of sixteen dangerous types of boilers which form its circular border. Mr. Champagne has frequently been called upon as an expert in determining causes of boiler explosions, and in matters generally pertaining to his line of business there are few, if any, better posted men in the Dominion.

Mr. Champagne is also a noted marksman and one of the best snapshots in the Dominion. He came into permanent possession of several challenge cups as evidence of his skill. Few men would probably display more modesty over achievements of equal importance and significance than he has done.

In 1895 he came into public notice through his heroism at the Longue Pointe Asylum fire, when he and Chief Benoit saved the lives of over ninety inmates. It is characteristic of him that he never considers himself in the presence of imminent danger, and his faithfulness and fidelity in public service have won him the confidence and high regard of all who know aught of his career. As a citizen he represents the best of the French-Canadian type, has reared an excellent family and, with them, is highly esteemed and respected.

HON. FRANCOIS XAVIER CHOQUET.

Hon. François Xavier Choquet, judge of the juvenile court, Montreal, since January 2, 1912, is uniformly recognized as an eminent legist and jurist, as well as an able member of the judiciary. He occupied for many years a position of distinction at the Montreal bar, where his name figured in connection with the court records of some of the most prominent cases heard in the province.

Judge Choquet was born on the 8th of January, 1851, at Varennes, in the province of Quebec. His father, Jean Baptiste Choquet, was a farmer at Varennes and descended from one of the oldest French families in the province, while the mother of Judge Choquet, Adeline Provost, a daughter of Amable Provost, also belonged to an old and honorable family.

The Choquet family has been identified with the history of the province since 1665, the founders, who originally belonged to Picardie, France, settling in Canada in that year.

Judge Choquet added to the fundamental principles of education the knowledge acquired in attendance at L’Assomption College, the Montreal Seminary and McGill University, being graduated from the last named in 1874 with the B. C. L. degree, having determined to make the practice of law his life work. In the meantime he had studied law under Sir La Jette and Senator Beique, in the firm of Jette & Beique, and after being called to the bar on the 10th of January, 1875, he began the practice of his profession in Montreal as a partner of his former law preceptors, being admitted to the firm of Jette & Beique, where he remained about four years. Subsequently he practiced alone for six years, during which time he acquired a clientele that was not surpassed by any of his contemporaries. He afterwards became partner in the firm of Mercier, Beausoleil & Choquet, so continuing from 1884 until 1892, when the senior partner, the late Hon. Honore Mercier, withdrew, and the firm style of Beausoleil & Choquet was adopted. Judge Choquet was created a king’s counsellor by the Earl of Aberdeen on March 7, 1893.

Many important duties have devolved upon him, either in the direct or indirect path of his profession. He was a royal commissioner to revise the charter of Montreal in September, 1897, and was appointed judge of the session of the peace, police magistrate, and license commissioner of Montreal on the 27th of December, 1898. He was also appointed an extradition commissioner under the extradition act, July 20, 1901. In more strictly professional lines his service as a member of the council of the Montreal bar continued from 1894 until 1897, and he was appointed a delegate to the general council of the bar of the province of Quebec.

He has been a continuous student of his profession, constantly broadening his knowledge by reading, study, research and investigation until today his opinions are largely accepted as authority concerning any vital legal problems.

In the course of his professional career, Judge Choquet successfully handled many important railway and municipal cases. He made a special study of the law relating to transportation matters and also the laws governing municipal affairs, while on the law of elections, the Montreal Herald has referred to him as “the highest authority of the province.”

In June, 1884, Judge Choquet was married to Miss Marie Caroline Barry, a daughter of John E. Barry, of Saguenay and Trois Pistoles. Both Judge and Mrs. Choquet are prominently connected with the Montreal Children’s Aid Society, of which he was president for some time, while Mrs. Choquet has been vice president. He is also president of the Cooperative Funeral Expense Society. Their religious faith is that of the Roman Catholic church, and Mrs. Choquet was granted an audience by the pope in 1906. Judge Choquet is vice president of the Shawinigan Fishing Club, holds membership also with the Engineers and Winchester Clubs, and has been president of the latter for ten years. He resides at No. 814 Dorchester Street, West, Montreal, through the winter seasons and has a summer home at Rigaud, P. Q.

HON. LOUIS TELLIER.

On the list of representatives of the judiciary of Montreal appears the name of Hon. Louis Tellier, puisne judge of the superior court of the province of Quebec. A native of Berthier, Quebec, he was born on the 25th of December, 1844, a son of Zephirin Tellier of Ste. Melanie d’Aillebout and Luce Ferland, the latter a daughter of V. Prisque Ferland. After attending Joliette College Louis Tellier was called to the bar in 1866, and thus for almost half a century he has been a representative of the legal profession in the province. For a number of years he held the office of deputy prothonotary of the superior court, also deputy clerk of the circuit court and deputy clerk of the peace and of the crown for the district of St. Hyacinthe. He had studied law under the late Mr. Baby, who became a justice of the court of queen’s bench in the province of Quebec, and afterward under Mr. Chagnon, who became a judge of the superior court for the province of Quebec in the district of Iberville, and had come to the bar well equipped for the honors and responsible duties of the profession. His ability was early manifest in the manner in which he prepared and conducted his cases, and in 1873 he was appointed crown prosecutor for the district of St. Hyacinthe. He also became a recognized leader in political as well as in legal circles, and in 1878 he was elected to the house of commons for the St. Hyacinthe riding at the general election and sat for that district until 1882. He was appointed queen’s counsel in 1882 by the Marquis of Lorne. He resumed the practice of law and was raised to the bench as puisne judge of the superior court of the province of Quebec by the Marquis of Lansdowne on the 12th of November, 1887. He was appointed for the district of St. Hyacinthe, succeeding Justice Sicotte, but in 1903 he was removed to the district of Montreal, where he now presides. His decisions on the bench are models of judicial soundness, showing a comprehensive grasp of the law with ability to accurately apply its principles.

On the 26th of May, 1868, Judge Tellier married Hermine, daughter of the late Dr. A. Malhiot. She died in 1878, and on the 18th of July, 1882, Judge Tellier married Elzire Hamel, daughter of Joseph A. Hamel, collector of customs in St. Hyacinthe division. Her death occurred October 6, 1906. On the 26th of January, 1914, the Judge married Mrs. Jules Richard whose maiden name was Regina Royer and who was the widow of Jules Richard, advocate, practicing his profession at Sherbrooke in the district of St. Francis. Judge Tellier has three sons and five daughters.

He is an administrator of Laval University and is a member of the Catholic church. His mind is naturally analytical, logical and inductive, and his clear reasoning finds expression in judicial opinions from which colleagues and contemporaries seldom take exception.

HENRY JOHNSTONE ELLIOTT.

Henry Johnstone Elliott, senior member of the law firm of Elliott & David, has been a lifelong resident of Montreal, and is a son of the late Hugh Elliott. He received his early education in the schools of his native city and pursued his preparation for the bar at McGill University, from which he was graduated B. C. L. in 1898. The same year he began practice as an advocate, and ten years’ successful work as a representative of the legal profession won him position among the king’s counselors, being created such in 1908. He understands thoroughly the necessity for careful preparation before presenting his cause in the courts, and in the trial of cases it is seen that his knowledge of the law is exact and comprehensive, while in the application of legal principles he is seldom if ever at fault.

Mr. Elliott finds enjoyment in golf, and interest and recreation in various outdoor sports, exercises and athletics. He belongs to the Beaconsfield Golf Club, Outremont Golf Club, Montreal Athletic Association, the Engineers Club and the Temple Club, all of Montreal. His religious belief is that of the Anglican church and he has been a delegate to the synod.

REV. MALCOLM A. CAMPBELL.

Rev. Malcolm A. Campbell, pastor of the First Presbyterian church of Montreal and known in that city as a man of superior attainments and of active religious zeal, was born in Bruce county, Ontario, October 10, 1875. He acquired his education in high school at Port Elain, in his native province, and later attended the Collegiate Institute at Owen Sound. He supplemented this by a course in McGill University and in the Presbyterian College at Montreal, from which he was graduated in April, 1909. He was ordained in the following October and in January, 1910, became minister of the First Presbyterian church of this city, a position which he still retains. This is one of the most important parishes in Montreal, being a combination of St. Gabriel’s and Chalmers Presbyterian churches, the former the first Protestant church in Canada. Rev. Campbell brings to the duties of his responsible position well directed energy, unflagging zeal and a firm belief in the importance of the work in which he is engaged, and the results of his labors are seen in the excellent condition of the parish and its constant growth.

On the 26th of October, 1910, Rev. Campbell was united in marriage to Miss Louise Crippen, of Trout River, New York. He is a member of the Masonic order, being grand chaplain of the Grand Lodge of Quebec province, and he is widely and favorably known in Montreal, where he is recognized as a man sincere in his aims and purposes and one whose honorable and upright life is always in strict conformity with the doctrines which he professes.

ARTHUR JOSEPH RICHER, M. D.

In preparation for the onerous and difficult duties and responsibilities of the profession Dr. Arthur Joseph Richer has studied under eminent physicians and surgeons of the old world and the new, and his labors have manifestly been of marked value to his fellowmen, especially in the conduct of the Brehmer Rest, a sanitarium promoting a preventive treatment for tuberculosis.

He was born at Upton, P. Q., November 16, 1868, and is a son of Damase and Celina (Larvie) Richer, of Antonvale, P. Q. His education was acquired at Sabrevois Mission College and in Bishop’s College at Lennoxville, P. Q., where he was accorded the degrees of M. D. and C. M. in 1892. Since that time he has taken post-graduate work in New York and for a year and a half he was connected with the Pasteur Institute of Paris. He was also assistant under Dr. Roux in his private laboratory, and under his guidance and that of Pasteur, Metchkinoff and others, Dr. Richer performed many successful experiments. Later he was assistant at L’Ecole de Pharmacie Superieure at Paris for a short time and was appointed house surgeon at the faculty surgical clinic at Krakow, Austria, in 1895. He next went to Breslau for a winter’s study before returning to Canada. At different times he was a student at Dresden, Leipzig, Halle, Berlin and Hamburg and was an assistant in the laboratory of physiology of the faculty of medicine of Paris.

Dr. Richer returned to Canada in 1897 and located for practice in Montreal. He has since carried on an active crusade against tuberculosis in this country. The scheme of a recuperative home such as Brehmer Rest at Ste. Agathe des Monts was suggested by Dr. Richer. He has been a lifelong worker in fighting the dread disease and in the early spring of 1905 Brehmer Rest was opened as the result of his untiring efforts. In his first annual report concerning the institution he said: “When we select for treatment convalescents from pneumonia, pleurisy, and typhoid fever, as well as those affected with anaemia, chlorosis and debility, we do so with a definite object in view. Nine-tenths of those affected as above will inevitably become victims of tuberculosis.

“If they can be treated and trained before they become a prey to the dread scourge, the saving is evident from every viewpoint. In the pre-tuberculosis stage a patient can be restored to health in eight or ten weeks; when tuberculosis has developed it becomes a matter of as many months. At the last International Congress, held in Paris, October, 1905, one of the delegates present expressed his opinion in very strong terms regarding the treatment of the conditions of disease known as ‘pre-tuberculosis;’ they comprise the group above mentioned. In this respect Brehmer Rest stands out as supplying an actual need, and enjoys the unique distinction of being the first institution in the world devoted to that special class of work. Brehmer Rest has undoubtedly anticipated the movement of the future, particularly when considered in the light of the statements recently made by Von Behring in connection with his method of vaccination against tuberculosis. The new product (Tulase), which this distinguished scientist offers to the world, is a substance extracted from the cultivated germ of the disease (tuberculosis), so modified as to impart resisting power to the human organism without impairing health. It is markedly curative in the first stage of the disease, thus its action is twofold, protective and curative.”

Dr. Richer’s efforts along this line have gained him not only national but international fame and distinction. His name is known on the other side of the Atlantic as well as on this, and he has joined hands with the men of earnest purpose who are using the highest scientific skill and knowledge to blot out the dread disease. His labors have been effective in hundreds of cases and thus his life work has been a valuable contribution to mankind, placing him with the benefactors of the race.

JOSEPH TREMBLAY.

Joseph Tremblay, chief of the Montreal fire brigade, was born at St. Isidore, a little village a few miles from Montreal, where his parents were the proverbially poor but honest French-Canadian small farmers. His education was the usual course of reading, writing and arithmetic gleaned from the village priest. At the age of twelve years he left school and the farm, thinking to find more congenial and profitable occupation in the city. He made his way to Montreal with all his earthly possessions tied in a bundle, after the manner of Dick Whittington of old. At that period he knew no English, but he had little difficulty in finding a position as errand boy with one Beauvais, a merchant tailor of Chaboillez Square. Being an errand boy had small attractions in those days and it did not suit Joe Tremblay to remain one for long. He, therefore, gathered up his bundle, put his money in his sock and departed for the United States. For a while he lingered on that side the border, learning many lessons in the school of experience which have since been of much use to him. Following his return to Montreal he sought to establish himself in the tailoring business, which he had followed during his sojourn in the United States. He located at Ste. Cunegonde, then a separate municipality south of Westmount and north of Point St. Charles. There he hung out two neat brass signs, one of which read Joseph Tremblay, Tailleur, and the other Joseph Tremblay, Tailor, thus soliciting business from both the English and French population. While he was then ready for business, it appeared that business was not ready for him. F. Beecher Edwards, in an article in a Montreal paper, said:

“Fate, wishing to do some good to poor old Montreal for a change, glimpsed one Joseph Tremblay working busily in his little tailoring and men’s furnishing shop on the southwestern borders of the city. Whereupon, things went very badly for the said Joseph Tremblay in his little tailoring and men’s furnishing business. People to whom he owed money camped on his doorstep and people who owed him money left for parts unknown in the dead of night, so Joseph Tremblay put up the shutters on his little tailoring and men’s furnishing shop on the southwestern borders of the city and went into the Ste. Cunegone fire department. Consequently the Montreal fire department is today a thing to be proud of in a city which has little enough reason to be proud of the vast majority of its civic enterprises.

“Fate, it will be observed, may be a trifle circumlocutious in her methods, but she gets there in the end. So we may thank fate that made Joseph Tremblay an unsuccessful tailor and haberdasher, for the fact that during the tragic Christmas week--1913--when through somebody’s outrageous blundering the greater portion of this great Canadian metropolis went inadvertently dry; when the fire menace, ever present, hovered more threateningly over thousands of human lives and millions of dollars worth of property, because of the fact that our strongest barrier of defense was broken down with the collapse of a few feet of unstable concrete somewhere out beyond Point St. Charles, we may thank fate for the fact that we had at the head of the Montreal fire department, deprived from no fault of its own of its heaviest ammunition, a man of the quality, the resource and the ability of Joseph Tremblay, the bad tailor who became one of the greatest, if not the greatest of fire chiefs on the North American continent.

“At the time that Joseph Tremblay became a member of the fire department he was much as he is now, with the exception of recent inclination to embonpoint, a well set up, good looking man of above the average build and as strong as two ordinary men. He had a brain, too, but they did not find that out until he had been in the Ste. Cunegonde force at least a week, when it began to be hinted that there was more to this young man than to the average. Six months after Joe Tremblay joined the Ste. Cunegonde fire brigade the chief of the brigade retired from office; whereupon, to the amazement of one and all, the Ste. Cunegonde council made the new recruit, the man who had been an unsuccessful tailor, chief. This may safely be put forward as the world’s record for rapid promotion.

“In the course of time Ste. Cunegonde was annexed to Montreal and Chief Tremblay became Sub-Chief Tremblay, in charge of the western division. This was in 1906. In 1907 he was made a deputy chief to Chief Benoit and when one year later the veteran retired in his turn Deputy Chief Tremblay became head of the Montreal fire brigade.

“Chief Tremblay is an omnivorous reader of all literature appertaining to fires and fire fighting and he is not above learning from other cities and makes at his own expense at least one trip a year to the principal cities in the States to see what helpful piece of information he can pick up.

“One of his first official acts was to institute an inspection system which was largely instrumental in reducing the rates of fire insurance here. In 1905, 1906 and 1907 the fire loss was around nine dollars per annum per capita. In 1913 it was something like two dollars and thirty-four cents per capita. He was responsible for the introduction of automobile fire apparatus here; he started the firemen’s drill school at Chaboillez Square, and he had the fire headquarters transferred from the City Hall to its present location on Craig Street. The chief is well known by sight to Montrealers. His inspiring figure has bulked large on the horizon of many a panic stricken householder at hundreds of fires during the last few years. He is a big, handsome man, and his very size begets confidence. He works his men hard and he works himself just as hard, for he believes that the citizens should get full value for their money. He has one or two hobbies, all of them connected with fire fighting, a high pressure system for the down town district, a fire tug for the harbor and the placing of the firemen’s benevolent fund on a sound footing. Chief Joseph Tremblay is a man’s size man and if there was any doubt on the subject lingering in anyone’s mind it was banished by the splendidly efficient manner in which he handled the appalling situation during the water famine of December, 1913.”

PAUL E. MERCIER.

Paul E. Mercier, one of the best known civil engineers in Montreal and a member of the firm of Baulne & Mercier, has won a position of high standing in his profession. He was born at St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, March 15, 1877. His father was the late Hon. Honore Mercier, premier of Quebec, of whom a more extended mention appears elsewhere in this work, while his mother previous to her marriage was Virginie St. Denis.

When four years of age Mr. Mercier was brought to Montreal and in the schools of the city pursued his early education. He afterward attended St. Mary’s College and was graduated with honor from Ecole Polytechnique with the Bachelor of Science degree in 1899. During his holiday periods he was employed by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company and following the completion of his college course he went to the Yukon, where he spent a year as assistant engineer of the Dominion public works and two years as district engineer in the Yukon.

Following his return Mr. Mercier was for two years district engineer of Dominion public works for the district of Quebec and from 1904 until 1907 was engineer in charge of work of the National Transcontinental Railway. In the latter year he returned to Montreal and opened an office as consulting engineer, while in 1910 he formed a partnership with S. A. Baulne, with offices in the Shaughnessy Building. Reading between the lines one may see that his progress has been continuous and that he has advanced step by step until he now occupies a commanding position in engineering circles. His ability has increased through experience and continuous study and investigation. He keeps abreast with the leaders of the profession in all that pertains to his chosen life work and his ability has won him wide recognition and well earned reputation. In 1911 he was appointed professor of railway engineering at Ecole Polytechnique and in 1913 was appointed on the board of examiners for the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers. On May 16, 1914, he was appointed deputy chief engineer of public works of Montreal. He has important membership relations along professional lines. He has been secretary of the Association des Anciens Elèves de L’Ecole Polytechnique since its organization and he has been professor of transportation and communication at l’Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales de Montreal. He is a member of the American Railway Engineering Association, the Quebec Land Surveyors’ Corporation, the Society of Civil Engineers of France and the Association International Congress of Navigation. Mr. Mercier is also well known in military connections. He is captain of the Corps of Guides of the Canadian Volunteer Militia and organized and commands as major the Canadian Officers Training Corps of Laval University.

On the 29th of June, 1901, Mr. Mercier was married, at Whitehorse, Yukon, to Miss Marie Louise Tache, of Ottawa, Ontario, and their children are Simone, Jeanne, Yvonne and Heva.

JAMES MORGAN.

James Morgan, an influential citizen of Montreal, is perhaps best known as president of Henry Morgan & Company, Limited. His activities, however, have extended to other lines, all of which have proved beneficial to Montreal in its material, civic or moral upbuilding. In the utilization of opportunities that others have passed heedlessly by, he has achieved distinction and honorable success, and yet the acquirement of wealth has been but one phase of his existence, never excluding his active participation in and support of other vital interests which go to make up community and national life. He was born in Glasgow, Scotland, a son of the late James Morgan, a native of Saline, Fifeshire, who was associated with his brother, Henry Morgan, in the conduct of the business now carried on by Henry Morgan & Company, Limited.

In early life James Morgan became a resident of Montreal and attended the Montreal high school. He then became connected with the business founded by his uncle and father, and gradually worked his way upward in that connection. Mr. Morgan, moreover, is president of the Colonial Real Estate Company and has been prominently connected with various other business enterprises of far-reaching importance. He aided in promoting the British Columbia Bank Note Company in 1904 and in organizing and developing the Montreal Cement Company in 1905. He was likewise vice president of the Accident & Guarantee Company of Canada, and in all these associations his judgment is sound, while his ability to coordinate and unify seemingly diverse elements has been one of the strong features in his growing success. While he has reached the millionaire class, his business methods have ever been such as will bear the closest investigation and scrutiny, in that there is no esoteric phase in his entire career and what he has accomplished, both for himself and the community at large, represents the fit utilization of the innate powers and talents which are his.

Mr. Morgan was united in marriage to Miss Anna Lyman, a daughter of Frederick Lyman, of Connecticut. They are influential members of the Church of the Messiah (Unitarian) of Montreal, in which Mr. Morgan is serving as trustee. His interests and activities extend to many beneficent projects and to those which spread culture and stimulate intellectual activities. He is a director of the Montreal Horticultural and Fruit Growing Association and one of the principal promoters of the Montreal Citizens Association, of which he is now a director and treasurer. He was likewise one of the promoters of the Montreal Board of Control, but declined election thereto. He is one of the governors of the Montreal General Hospital and is interested in various projects seeking to meet public needs along broad humanitarian lines. He is a councillor of the National Historical Society, belongs to the St. Andrews Society, to the Montreal Art Association and to the Antiquarian and Numismatic Society. He is also a member of the Canada and the Reform Clubs. His life has been one of intense and well directed activity, fruitful of good results for the general public as well as for himself.

ANSELME SERAPHIN DEGUIRE.

Anselme Séraphin Deguire enjoys high distinction as a lawyer and has also given much evidence of his public spirit in his position as alderman of the city of Montreal. He comes of an old Canadian French family, the earliest ancestor recorded in Abbé Tanguay’s Dictionnaire being François De Guire, who was born in 1641 and who died at Montreal. In 1669 he married Mlle. Rose Colin, born in 1641, and they became the parents of nine children.

Anselme S. Deguire was born at Côte des Neiges on the 25th of November, 1874, a son of Séraphin Deguire and Alphonsine Pilon of Ste. Anne de Bellevue. The father was a gardener by profession. Mr. Deguire of this review studied at Montreal College, from which he was graduated in 1895 with the degree of B. A., and afterwards took a law course at Laval University. He was admitted to practice in 1901. Immediately afterwards he interested himself in municipal affairs and his aptitude along financial lines made him valuable in a number of important positions which he held in the administration of the village of Côte des Neiges. Under his leadership the proceedings to erect the village into a town were successfully completed.

As a lawyer Mr. Deguire soon secured a select clientele, no long novitiate awaiting him in his practice. He is one of a coterie of lawyers, or more correctly, he continues the traditions of a coterie of lawyers who had their origin in Côte des Neiges and several of whom were well known and very prominent. Such were the late Judge Madore and Judges Charbonneau and Demers. Mr. Deguire is universally esteemed by his fellow citizens and since the annexation of Côte des Neiges to the city of Montreal, of which annexation he was an ardent advocate, he has been its representative in the Montreal city hall. He was elected first for the Côte des Neiges ward in 1910 and reelected by acclamation in 1912.

At the Church of St. Louis de France, on the 18th of November, 1902, Mr. Deguire married Mlle. Aloysia Chopin, a daughter of the late Dr. J. Nestor Chopin of Sault au Récollet. Mr. and Mrs. Deguire have one son, René, born January 1, 1904. Mr. Deguire is not only a successful advocate and lawyer, but a patriotic citizen and a splendid example of a loyal French-Canadian. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Royal Arcanum.

JOHN J. ARNTON.

When death claimed John J. Arnton on the 13th of November, 1894, he was the oldest real-estate man in Montreal in years of continuous connection with the business in this city. Montreal numbers him among her native sons, his birth having occurred in 1832. He began his business career with the firm of John Leeming & Company and later practically succeeded to the business and good will of the firm. He watched the notable development in real estate methods and, keeping abreast of the progress of the times, met substantial success. He was in business at the time of the real-estate boom of the ‘70s and he gained a patronage as large as he could handle. Realizing fair profit from his real estate negotiations, he was at length able to retire with a comfortable competence. The integrity of his business methods was one of the features of his growing success, and his progressiveness was also an element in his advancement.

Mr. Arnton entered the city council but retired before completing his term. For some years he was a director of the Canadian Bank of Commerce and his name was an honorable one on commercial papers. He was at one time president of the Irish Protestant Benevolent Society and was a man of generous spirit, giving freely of his means to the poor and needy and extending a helping hand to the unfortunate. He was survived by six children, when on the 13th of November, 1894, he passed away at the age of sixty-two years, leaving behind the memory of a well spent life, fraught with many good deeds.

HOWARD WINTHROP PILLOW.

Howard Winthrop Pillow is the Montreal manager for the British American Bank Note Company and is vice president and one of the directors of that corporation. His position as one of the younger business men of the city is enviable. He was born in Montreal, May 9, 1883, and is a son of John Alexander and Annie Elizabeth (Hillyer) Pillow. He attended Bishop’s College School at Lennoxville and for two years was a student in McGill University. With liberal education to serve as the foundation, he has gradually worked his way upward, the exercise of effort developing his latent powers and talents. He is now bending his efforts to administrative direction and executive control as the manager at Montreal for the British American Bank Note Company, a position to which he has attained by individual merit. He is the vice president and one of the directors of the company and as such occupies a prominent and enviable position in business circles.

On the 1st of October, 1906, in Boston, Massachusetts, Mr. Pillow was married to Miss Lucile E. Fairbank, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. L. G. Fairbank, and they now have one child, Lucile Marguerite.

Mr. Pillow is a well known club man and much of the nature of his interests and recreation, aside from business, is indicated in the fact that he belongs to the St. James, Montreal and Beaconsfield Golf Clubs, the Automobile Club of Canada, the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, the Montreal Jockey Club, the Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Club and the Heather Curling Club.

XAVIER ARTHUR ROBICHON, M. D.

High on the list of Montreal’s best known surgeons appears the name of Dr. Xavier Arthur Robichon, who is a descendant of one of the old French families of the province of Quebec. His great-grandfather, the first of the family to come to Canada, was in early life a captain of French vessels. After arriving in this country he established an iron foundry near Three Rivers, in the province of Quebec. The Doctor’s grandfather also followed the business of an iron founder at that place and Nicolas Treffle Robichon, the father, was a successful merchant at Three Rivers. He married Trenche Montague, who since his death has resided in Montreal. Their children are: Nicolas Raoul, a civil engineer of Montreal; Xavier Arthur; George Henri, an advocate of Three Rivers; and Mastai, who died at the age of seven years.

Dr. X. A. Robichon was educated in a preparatory school in Three Rivers, and at the Christian Brothers Ste. Ursule school at the same place, followed by a five-years’ classical course at St. Joseph College at Three Rivers, his classical studies being completed in St. Mary’s College in Montreal, where he spent four years and where he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree, receiving the medal of the governor general and the prize of excellency.

Upon the broad foundation of literary learning Dr. Robichon erected the superstructure of professional knowledge. Immediately after the completion of his course at St. Mary’s he began the study of medicine at Laval University, graduating summa cum laude in 1906, with the degree of M. D. The following year he spent as interne in Notre Dame Hospital of Montreal, gaining the broad practical experience which only hospital practice can bring. During the succeeding two years he specialized in the study of surgery in Paris, France, and in the summer of 1909 he entered upon active practice in Montreal as a general surgeon, since which time he has devoted his attention exclusively to professional duties of growing volume and importance. Throughout this entire period he has also been assistant demonstrator of anatomy at Laval University. He is a member of La Société Médicale de Montreal, and he has his office at No. 335 St. Denis Street.

On the 18th of September, 1907, Dr. Robichon was married by the archbishop of Montreal, Monseigneur Paul Bruchesi, to Miss Flora Salvail, daughter of Dr. Salvail, of Helena, Montana, and they are parents of five daughters, Claire, Jeanne, Alice, Lucienne and Estelle. Family and professional interests divide Dr. Robichon’s time. Upon his home and his practice his interest centers, and laudable ambition in the latter connection has brought him to a high position, experience, wide reading and research constantly developing his skill until he is now one of the foremost surgeons of the city.

DUNCAN MCDONALD.

The name of Duncan McDonald has long figured prominently in connection with transportation interests. He has displayed a spirit of enterprise and initiative in all that he has undertaken, has operated along broad lines and has carefully planned and executed important projects. He is now devoting his attention to the supervision of various interests with which he is identified following his retirement from the management of the Montreal Street Railway Company. His investments largely have to do with transportation interests. He is president of the Montreal Tunnel Company, which has reached a very active stage in its development, and it is Mr. McDonald’s purpose to give special attention to the rapid inauguration and execution of the work. He is also largely concerned in several real-estate companies that are dealing with central Montreal property, as well as large subdivisions in outlying municipalities. He is the president of the Pre-payment Car Sales Company with offices in the Hudson Terminal building at No. 50 Church Street, New York, this being the operating company for all the various “Pay-as-you-enter,” “Pay-within” and other styles of pre-payment cars that are being so rapidly adopted by the cities on this continent. He is also connected with the International F-A-Y-E Tramcar Company, Limited, Broad Street Place, London, E. C.

Mr. McDonald’s operations in real estate have been of a mammoth character. He was the original promoter of Dominion Park, which in its development and sale has netted a splendid income for the investors, and he is at present vice president of that enterprise. He is also a director of several industrial and transportation companies. He belongs to the Institute of Civil Engineers of France and to the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Great Britain, connections which indicate the recognition of his high standing and notable ability in the fields into which he has directed his efforts.

JOSEPH PHILIPPE LAMARCHE.

Joseph Philippe Lamarche, a well known notary of Montreal, was born in St. Henri de Mascouche, L’Assomption county, Quebec, January 29, 1866. His grandfather, Louis Lamarche, was a farmer of L’Assomption county. His father, Joseph Olivier Lamarche, now eighty-one years of age, was for many years a notary at St. Henri de Mascouche, where he yet resides. He married Helene Mount, a sister of Dr. Mount, of Montreal, and her death occurred in April, 1874. To them were born three children: Joseph Philippe; George, a resident farmer of St. Henri de Mascouche; and Joseph S., a notary of Montreal. The father has been a lifelong conservative in politics and for many years was secretary and treasurer of the municipality of St. Henri de Mascouche. In fact, he has been a prominent figure in political, official and business circles there and is today one of the honored and venerable citizens.

Joseph Philippe Lamarche was educated in the parochial schools of his native town and in L’Assomption College, which he attended for six years, his course there being supplemented by two years’ study in the Ottawa University. During the succeeding three years he was a student in the office of Coultee & Lamarche, notaries of Montreal. In 1890 he won the degree of Baccalaureatus in Legibus. In 1890 he began the practice of his profession in St. Henri de Mascouche, where he continued until 1903, when he removed to Montreal, where he has since successfully practiced. He is thoroughly versed in the principles of the profession and his ability is attested by his liberal clientage.

Mr. Lamarche was married in St. Henri de Mascouche to Marie Rose Lambert, and to them have come four children, Helene, Lambert, Philippe and Rita. In politics Mr. Lamarche is a conservative and at the present writing he is filling the office of commissioner to the superior court for the district of Montreal, his creditable record commending him to the further support and confidence of the public.

SIR JOSEPH HICKSON.

Sir Joseph Hickson, who in 1890 received the honor of knighthood at the hand of Her Majesty in recognition of ability displayed in the management of important and extensive railway interests, is classed with those to whom Canada owes much of her greatness and her prosperity. He was born at Otterburn, Northumberland, England, in 1830, and acquired his education there. Throughout his entire business career he was connected with railway interests, first entering the service of the North Eastern Railway of England and thus gaining his elementary knowledge of railway management and operation. He left that corporation to accept a position with the Maryport & Carlisle Railway, in which capacity he served with credit until 1851, when he went to Manchester and entered the service of the Manchester, Sheffield & Lincolnshire Railway. Promotion rapidly followed in recognition of his capability, indefatigable energy and perseverance, so that after ten years he became assistant to the general manager, in which position his labors engaged the attention of Sir Edward Watkin, chairman of the Grand Trunk Railway in Canada, who proffered him the position of chief accountant of the Grand Trunk in December, 1861.

He left England for the new world in the following January and made his way to Montreal, where he continued to reside until called to his final rest. Here his ability and power soon gained further recognition and he was made secretary and treasurer of the company, in which capacity he continued until the resignation of C. J. Brydges, managing director of the Grand Trunk, in 1874, when Sir Joseph Hickson succeeded as general manager of the road and system. The policy which he inaugurated was soon felt as a dominant power in active management and cooperation. One of his first acts was to sell to the federal government the line between Point Levis and Riviere du Loup and with the proceeds of this transaction he changed the old gauge of the road to the standard gauge of American lines and thus effected connection with Sarnia and Chicago. The wisdom of this move was soon manifest as it opened up a new field of enterprise to the company and marked the beginning of that policy of affiliation and connection which resulted to the benefit of both countries before Sir Joseph Hickson ceased to be an active factor in the control of an immense system embracing five thousand miles of track in the United States and Canada. Sir Joseph served as general manager until 1890, when he retired from his arduous position after receiving, early in that year, knighthood from Her Majesty, the late Queen Victoria, in recognition of the ability which he had displayed in the management of the Grand Trunk Railway System and of the valuable service he had rendered in developing Canada and her resources. Under his management the road had been rapidly and substantially improved and extended, connections with other lines being formed which have proven of great value in later years. Perhaps the most valuable work which he undertook and accomplished was the establishment of the direct line to Chicago wholly under control of the Grand Trunk system. By this master stroke was secured the best paying portion for carrying freight and at the same time gave to Canadian steamship companies a large amount of the freight which they carried across the Atlantic. It was while Sir Joseph Hickson occupied the position of general manager that the length of the road in its main and collateral lines was extended from one thousand three hundred and eighty-three to three thousand four hundred and eighty-seven miles. In railway management he studied each vital question from every possible standpoint and with almost judicial accuracy passed judgment upon the important matters at issue. He was largely instrumental in carrying forward the great engineering undertaking known as the St. Clair tunnel, which was completed in 1890 at a cost of three million dollars. His work elicited attention from one end of the country to the other, and he became one of the foremost representatives of railway interests on the American continent.

On the 17th of June, 1869, Sir Joseph Hickson wedded Catherine, the eldest daughter of the late Andrew Dow of Montreal. Mrs. Hickson is a native of this city and was educated here. She has been prominently identified with the Montreal League for the Prevention of Tuberculosis and was one of the promoters of the Royal Edward Institute in 1909 and an active supporter of various other similar bodies. She is also the vice president of the Montreal branch of the Needlework Guild of Canada and has been termed by one of the city papers “a queenly hostess.” Sir Joseph and Lady Hickson had two sons and a daughter. The eldest, Joseph William Andrew Hickson, was educated at McGill University, winning the B. A. degree on completing the course in mental and moral philosophy in 1893, while in 1896 his alma mater conferred upon him the Master of Arts degree. He won the Ph. D. degree in 1900 at the universities of Berlin, Freiburg and Halle. He was lecturer and tutor in the philosophical department of McGill University from 1900 until 1905, assistant professor of psychology and lecturer on philosophy at McGill from 1905 until 1909 and has since been assistant professor of metaphysics and logic. He is a contributor to the University and other magazines and reviews, is a councillor to the Economic and Statistical Society, is a member of the University Club and a member of the board of management of the House of Industry and Refuge. He is an enthusiastic mountain climber and a well known clubman, belonging to the Mount Royal, University and Political Economy Clubs of Montreal and the Alpine Club of Banff. The second son, James Claud Hickson, graduated B. A. from McGill in 1895 and, receiving the B. C. L. degree in 1898, is now engaged in active practice as a member of the law firm of Hickson & Campbell. He was created K. C. in 1909 and is a life governor of the Montreal General Hospital. He is well known as a clubman, his membership being in Mount Royal Club, Canada Club, Montreal Hunt Club, Royal Montreal Golf Club, Montreal Curling Club, Lafontaine Club, Montreal Jockey Club, Montreal Racquet Club, Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Club, University Club, and Constitutional Club of London, England. The daughter, Miss Mary Elizabeth Hickson, is well known as an author, having early contributed tales and sketches to the magazines. She is also the author of two charming stories of French-Canadian life, “Madame Janvier’s Church” and “The Call of God.”

Sir Joseph Hickson served as justice of the peace for Montreal and was interested in several banking, commercial and industrial enterprises which he represented on the directorate. He was appointed by the Dominion government as president of the royal commission on the prohibition of the liquor traffic. He stood for all those interests which are effective forces in the progress and upbuilding of city, province and country, and the position which he filled was one of influence and honor.

HERBERT BROWN AMES.

Herbert Brown Ames, a deep student of the science of government and avowed in his opposition to misrule in public affairs, has, through his practical efforts, the result of keen insight into situations, been instrumental in bringing about various needed reforms and improvements. His public addresses, too, have aided largely in shaping public opinion on the side of right and order, and thus his value as a citizen can hardly be overestimated.

He was born in Montreal, June 27, 1863, his parents being the late Evan Fisher and Caroline Matilda (Brown) Ames, both of whom were born in the United States. After mastering the elementary branches of learning Herbert B. Ames became a student in Amherst College, of Massachusetts, from which he was graduated in 1885 with the Bachelor of Arts degree. He afterward studied the French language and literature in France, and made his initial step in business circles as a representative of the wholesale firm of Ames-Holden, Ltd., of Montreal, with which he was actively connected until December, 1893. He is still a representative of that corporation and one of its directors and is likewise a director of the Dominion Guarantee Company, the Great West Life Insurance Company, the Royal Victoria Life Insurance Company, and a number of other prominent business concerns. As a merchant he has established a reputation that places him in a prominent position among the leading and representative business men of the city. His efforts in that direction would alone entitle him to distinctive mention in the history of Montreal, and yet this is but one phase of his activity. He is perhaps even more widely known because of his connection with efforts put forth in opposition to misrule in municipal affairs. He was particularly active in that direction during his service as alderman from 1898 until 1906, during which time he promoted and advocated many reform measures and projects, always working along conservative lines. He was chairman of the municipal board of health from 1900 until 1904, and again his service was of notable value to the city. He had previously filled the position of secretary of the Good Government Association and was president of the Volunteer Election League, which bodies effected many reforms in civic administration. His name is widely known, and in fact he has been heard in many centers as a lecturer on Canadian political history and on problems of municipal government. He has been a frequent contributor to the press, and among his notable articles are: The Machine in Honest Hands, published in 1894; The City Below the Hill, A Sociological Study, published in 1897; The City Problem; What is it?, in 1901; and The Housing of the Working Classes, in 1907. These show wide research and deep insight into existing conditions and point out various practical methods of improvement.

Mr. Ames was appointed a member and protestant secretary of the council of public instruction for the province of Quebec in 1895. The following year he was elected to the presidency of the Young Men’s Christian Association of Montreal, and the extent and importance of his work is further indicated in the fact that he is a governor of the Montreal Dispensary and of the Society for the Protection of Women and Children. He delivered an address in London, England, before the chamber of commerce on trade interchange in 1904, and was presented with a silver bowl by the same body in acknowledgment of his personal services in connection with the visit of that organization to Canada in 1904. In 1909 he went as a delegate to the Imperial Commercial Congress at Sidney, New South Wales, and as a member of that body moved for the appointment of an advisory imperial council to consider questions of imperial interest, especially those tending to promote trade between the various parts of the empire.

Since the general election of 1904 he has sat for the St. Antoine division of Montreal in the house of commons in the conservative interests, and in March, 1909, succeeded in securing the appointment of a committee for the revision of the assets of the Dominion. He is a very active worker in support of conservative measures and movements, and his life work indicates his recognition of the fact that education along broad lines and political activity are the sources of a country’s power and the foundation upon which is builded its business. He was appointed one of the representatives of the house of commons at the coronation of King George in London in 1911.

In May, 1900, Mr. Ames was united in marriage to Miss Louise Marion Kennedy, a daughter of John Kennedy, C. E. They occupy an attractive home at No. 26 Ontario Avenue, Montreal. Their religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church, and Mr. Ames holds membership in a number of the leading clubs of the city, including Lafontaine, University, Montreal, Royal St. Lawrence Yacht and St. James Clubs. He is a man of indefatigable energy and unquestionably a force to be reckoned with in the public life of Canada. Even those opposed to him politically recognize that he is a man to be trusted, that what he promises he will do. His position is never an equivocal one and in his entire career there is no esoteric phase.

ERNEST NICHOLSON BROWN.

Ernest Nicholson Brown was born in Lower Newcastle, New Brunswick, on the 12th of July, 1867. His father, Robert Brown, went from Dumfries, Scotland, to Pictou, Nova Scotia, in 1823, and settled as a young man in Miramichi, New Brunswick, in 1835. He married Ann Noble, of United Empire Loyalist descent. Her grandfather fought on the British side at the battle of Bunker Hill. James Nicholson, an uncle of Robert Brown fought at the battle of Trafalgar and the medal awarded him for his services on that occasion is now in possession of Mr. Brown.

After attending the high school at Chatham, New Brunswick, Ernest N. Brown entered Dalhousie University at Halifax, from which he was graduated in 1889 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He followed that course with post-graduate study at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, after which he was engaged for some years in teaching. In 1902 he won the degree of Bachelor of Civil Law upon the completion of the regular course in law in McGill University. He was admitted to the bar in the province of Quebec in 1902 and for two years was in practice in the office of Duncan McCormick, K. C., while subsequently he became a member of the firm of Patterson & Brown, and in 1908 he became a member of the firm of Brown & Staveley.

Mr. Brown is a liberal in politics, and his religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church. In 1904, Mr. Brown married Miss Elizabeth Malcolm Fraser, a daughter of the late John Fraser of Lachine Rapids, author of “Canadian Pen and Ink Sketches”, “Historic Canadian Ground” and various articles dealing with points of interest in Canadian history, especially those connected with the scenes of his boyhood in and about Lachine.

CHARLES BERNIER.

The name of Charles Bernier is a synonym for efficiency in architecture in Montreal. A native of the province of Quebec, he was born at St. Jean Port Joli, on the 17th of December, 1866. His father, Francis Bernier, was a contractor and builder at St. Jean Port Joli and there died. The mother bore the maiden name of Virginie Deschene.

Charles Bernier was educated in the schools of his native town and in the Christian Brothers school at L’Islet. When fifteen years of age he went to Quebec, where he entered the office of David Ouellet, a well known architect, with whom he remained as a student for three and a half years. Through the ensuing year and a half he was in the office of Ferdinand Peachy, a noted architect of Quebec, and then, splendidly qualified for the profession, he entered upon active practice, which he successfully followed alone in Quebec until June 24, 1903, when he came to Montreal. Here in connection with Charles Brodeur he formed the partnership of Bernier & Brodeur, which connection was maintained for seven years, and during that period their offices were removed to 70 St. James Street. Through the three succeeding years Albert Menard was associated with Mr. Bernier in the firm of Bernier & Menard, and since Mr. Menard’s death Mr. Bernier has continued alone. He is accorded a large clientage, for his ability places him among those foremost in the ranks of the profession. On all sides may be seen splendid evidences of his handiwork as exemplified in some of the most beautiful and substantial structures of Montreal.

Mr. Bernier was married in this city to Alma Dionne, daughter of Octave Dionne, of Quebec, and they are parents of three daughters, Adrienne, Alice and Anna. The religious belief of the family is that of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. Bernier belongs to Lafontaine Club and to the Royal Arcanum. He is a man of refined, cultured tastes, quiet in manner and a deep student of subjects relating to the profession, in which his standing is among the highest.

HON. AMEDEE GEOFFRION.

Hon. Amedee Geoffrion, one of the recorders of Montreal, was born at Varennes, in the province of Quebec, February 6, 1867, and was educated at L’Assomption and Laval University. Liberal training qualified him for the profession which he determined to make his life work and in 1889 he was called to the bar. He began the practice of law at the age of twenty-one and from the beginning made continuous progress. He was made King’s Counsel in 1905.

His activity, too, has been largely manifested along other lines. Not a little of the progress made on the south side of the river in recent years is due to his efforts and public spirit. A consistent supporter of the progressive policy of the government of Sir Lomer Gouin he has, since elected for Vercheres in 1908, been identified with many noteworthy public projects that have assisted materially in the development and improvement of the rural districts. The movement for the improvement of existing highways in the county of Vercheres has found in him a warm supporter. He has served the municipality of Longueuil with efficiency and manifest approbation, first in the capacity of recorder and afterward in that of mayor, holding the latter position since 1908. He stands for all that works for civic betterment and improvement and is a close student of the vital problems affecting the welfare of city, province and nation. During the years of his mayoralty he has been the head of a highly progressive administration. It has been during this period that the electric railway has been brought to the town and that electricity has been installed for lighting purposes, while cement sidewalks have been laid and the work of improvement has been otherwise carried on along most progressive and beneficial lines.

In September, 1912, Mr. Geoffrion was appointed by Quebec to the position of recorder of the city of Montreal and is now filling that office with the same capability and fidelity that he has displayed in other positions. None question his public spirit nor his knowledge of the law, and he stands today with those whose success has been builded upon the foundation of ability and laudable ambition.

LYON COHEN.

Lyon Cohen, merchant and contractor, of Montreal, Quebec, is a member of L. Cohen & Son, coal merchants, and of W. R. Cuthbert & Company, brass founders, and is proprietor of the Freedman Company, wholesale clothiers, the Hibbard Company, Ltd., railway contractors, and General Improvement & Contracting Company, Ltd., dredging contractors.

This has been termed the age of commercialism and it is the old world’s belief that new world residents are engrossed in money-making to the exclusion of almost everything else. There are many examples, however, to the contrary, and the life record of Lyon Cohen is one which proves that while successfully conducting business affairs, time may also be found for active cooperation in movements that tend to promote intellectual and moral progress, or which relieve distress among the unfortunate ones of the world, for he has done much philanthropic and charitable work, while at the same time he has wisely and capably managed important mercantile interests. He was born in Poland, Russia, May 11, 1868, a son of Lazarus Cohen. In early childhood he was brought to Canada and attended the McGill Model School and also the Catholic Commercial Academy of Montreal. He became a member of the firm of L. Cohen & Son in 1891, and from the time when he put aside his text-books and entered business circles his progress has been continuous.

Mr. Cohen has attained a prominence in Montreal social and business circles that necessitates a mention of him in any publication undertaking to represent the leading citizens of the city. He has been prominently identified with almost every movement looking to the betterment of Jewish conditions in this country, and his labors have been effective forces in promoting the welfare of those of his faith. He was one of the founders of The Jewish Times of Montreal, and he was president for three years, 1904-5-6, of Shaar Hashomayim congregation, the largest and most prominent Jewish congregation in Canada. Interested in the welfare of his people wherever they are found, he is treasurer of the Canadian committee of The Jewish Colonization Association of Paris, and was secretary of the Jewish rights committee. He is a life governor of The Montreal General Hospital and of The Western Hospital, and was elected president of The Baron de Hirsch Institute of Montreal in 1908. He did such splendid work in that connection, that he was four times reelected, serving until the end of 1912. Upon his voluntary retirement he was presented with an illuminated address and handsome silver service. He is prominently identified with a number of movements; is member of juvenile court committee; member of executive of Child’s Welfare Association, and was chairman of publicity of Child’s Welfare Exhibition, 1912; member of executive of Montreal improvement committee; honorary chairman of North End Synagogue; honorary president of Young Men’s Hebrew Association; and chairman of Committee to Federate Jewish Charities.

Mr. Cohen is a member of The Montefiore Club, of which he is a past president; he is also an ex-president of The Montreal Reform Club, being a liberal in politics. A love of progress actuates him in all he does. He could not be content to move forward at the pace which many men assume. He must all the time be up and doing, for he is a man of action rather than theory, and at all times the end accomplished indicates the wisdom of the methods he has followed.

Mr. Cohen was married in February, 1891, to Miss Rachel Friedman, a daughter of the late Noah Friedman. They have four children, Nathan Bernard, Horace Rives, Lawrence Z. and Sylvia L. Mrs. Cohen is also interested in charitable work and is the founder and president of The Jewish Endeavor Sewing Society. The family residence is at 25 Rosemount Avenue, Westmount, Quebec.

ZIGMOND FINEBERG.

Under the name of Zigmond Fineberg & Sons is conducted a growing real-estate and brokerage business. Mr. Fineberg was born in March, 1863, in Poland, Russia, his parents being Moses Nathan and Agnes Fineberg, the former a merchant. Among his ancestors were rabbis, physicians and lawyers and capable business men. He pursued his education in Suvalk, Russia, and became a government roads contractor of that country.

Attracted by the opportunities of the new world, and prompted by laudable ambition to try his fortune on this side of the Atlantic, Mr. Fineberg came to Canada, settling in Montreal, where he embarked in business as a clothing merchant in 1887. About seventeen years were devoted to that undertaking, years which brought him a substantial measure of success and led to his activities along still broader lines. It was in 1904 that he turned his attention to real estate, becoming a real-estate broker and finance agent, business being now conducted under the firm style of Z. Fineberg & Sons at No. 62 St. James Street. He is thoroughly informed concerning property values, knows the real estate that is upon the market and has himself been a large investor, not only in real estate, but in railway shares, so that his stocks and property holdings make him one of the prosperous citizens of Montreal. Moreover, in 1910, he founded the Montreal Free Loan Association, of which he is the president. He belongs to the Montreal Board of Trade and is connected with many institutions of a public nature, being formerly a director of the Baron de Hirsch Institute, a life governor of the Baron de Hirsch Institute, a life governor of the Montreal General Hospital, of the Hertzl Dispensary and of Mount Sinai Sanitarium. He likewise belongs to the Montreal Citizens’ Association. He is an ex-member and vice president of the Spanish and Portuguese synagogue, and he now holds membership in the McGill College Avenue Synagogue.

In his native city of Prenn in 1885, Mr. Fineberg was married to Miss Jennie Kirschberg, a daughter of the late Abraham Kirschberg. The children of this marriage are: Joseph, Nathan Samuel, Aaron Harry, Moe Newton, Agnes and Max. The second son has won the degrees of Master of Arts and Bachelor of Common Laws and is now engaged in the practice of the legal profession.

Mr. Fineberg has held the offices of justice of the peace and commissioner of the superior courts since 1903. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, the Odd Fellows society and the Canadian Order of Foresters, and exemplifies in his life the beneficent spirit underlying those organizations, recognizing the brotherhood of mankind and the obligations of mutual helpfulness and kindliness.

MATTHEW A. SAMMETT.

Matthew A. Sammett, one of the most competent electrical engineers in Canada, was born at Baku, Russia, on the 2d of November, 1872. He was educated in a technical school in his native land and in 1893, when a young man of twenty-one years, came to the new world. He continued his education by attendance at night schools for a time and afterward entered the University of California, where he pursued a four years’ course, which he completed by graduation with the Bachelor of Science degree in 1899. He immediately put his theoretical training to practical test and joined the staff of the General Electrical Company of Schenectady, New York, in which connection he obtained thorough familiarity with modern electrical machinery and general engineering practice. The ability which he displayed in that connection won him promotion to the engineering department and in that position he made a close study of the design of some of the alternating current machinery now in universal use. Each step in his career has been a forward one, and each change in his business connections has marked an advance. In 1902 he joined the engineering staff of the Lachine Rapids Hydraulic & Land Company and after its amalgamation with the Montreal Light, Heat & Power Company was given charge of the testing department of the new organization, his work embracing the testing of the various kinds of electrical apparatus used in the transformation, control and measurement of electrical energy. He also designed a complete line of highly efficient transformers for lighting and power service.

During 1905 and 1906 Mr. Sammett conducted a popular course in applied electricity at the Montreal Young Men’s Christian Association.

In 1908 Mr. Sammett opened an office as consulting engineer in Montreal and in this connection has gained a large and distinctively representative clientage, including the Amalgamated Asbestos Corporation, Ltd.; The Asbestos & Asbestic Company, Ltd.; The St. Francis Hydraulic Company, Ltd.; The Brompton Pulp & Paper Company; The Maritime Coal, Railway & Power Company, Ltd.; The Dominion Marble Company, Ltd.; The Smart-Woods Company, Ltd. He has also been retained in connection with municipal electrical undertakings. The practice of his profession now makes heavy demands upon his time and energies, and in addition he is well known as a contributor to the technical press of the United States and Canada. He has also prepared and read many scientific papers before engineering bodies and is known personally or by reputation to the entire electrical profession on the American continent. He has formed many warm friendships by keeping in close touch with the progress of his profession as a member of the Canadian Electrical Association, the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

Mr. Sammett married Miss Eleanor Horwitz, and their children are four in number, Frank Edward, Hazel, Helene and Pearl. Mr. Sammett is a member of the Canadian Club and possesses a genial cordial nature that has made him popular, but he prefers to concentrate his energies upon his business affairs, in which he has attained notable success. He is a self-made man. Commendable ambition pointed out to him the way to success. He followed the path indicated and is today occupying an advanced position as an electrical engineer.

HENRY MORGAN & COMPANY, LIMITED.

For nearly three-quarters of a century the name of Henry Morgan has been inseparably interwoven with the mercantile progress and advancement of Montreal and in more recent years, with the branching out of the house he founded, it has taken a foremost position, in its various lines, among the big mercantile and industrial institutions of the Dominion.

The Henry Morgan & Company, Limited, of today, is the outgrowth of a business established early in the year 1843, on Notre Dame Street, a few doors east of McGill Street, by Henry Morgan and David Smith, under the firm name of Smith & Morgan. From a small dry-goods house carrying only a limited number of lines it has developed into a great and powerful departmental store and what might be justly termed one of the mercantile successes of Montreal, whose capabilities are almost as varied as the city’s needs.

Henry Morgan, the founder of this house, was born in Fifeshire, Scotland, in 1819, and when a young man in his early twenties, came to Montreal, where he entered into the dry-goods business, as previously stated.

The original location of Smith & Morgan’s store was soon found inadequate, and in 1854 the business was removed to McGill Street, just south of St. Joseph, now Notre Dame, in a building occupied by Latineer. In 1860 an addition was made extending to Notre Dame Street and when the old American Presbyterian church, corner of Victoria Square and St. James Street, was removed, the business was transferred to that location in more commodious quarters.

In 1852, Mr. Smith retired from the business, and that same year the firm of Henry Morgan & Company was established, Mr. James Morgan of Glasgow, Scotland, a brother, becoming a member at that time. The latter, a native of Saline, Fifeshire, Scotland, had entered the dry-goods business early in life and for a number of years was a member of the firm of Muirhead & Morgan, of Glasgow. The personnel of the firm practically remained unchanged until 1876, when James and Colin D. Morgan, nephews of Henry Morgan and the former a son of James Morgan, became members, and upon whom most of the burden of the business has fallen.

In 1891, this firm completed on St. Catherine Street, opposite Phillips Square, one of the finest business blocks in America, to which its mercantile business was transferred. This move became necessary in order to meet the requirements of a constantly growing business, and a shift in the retail section to that part of the city.

Mr. Henry Morgan, the founder of the business, died December 12, 1893, at which time the Gazette said in part: “No Montreal merchant and not many Canadian merchants could claim to be better known than Mr. Henry Morgan, who passed to his rest yesterday, after a busy, successful and well spent life of almost seventy-five years. His character was marked by many of those traits which have made men of Scottish birth so prominent a factor in the upbuilding of Montreal’s commercial prosperity. Mr. Morgan was of a somewhat retiring disposition. His store and his farm home at Maisonneuve divided his time, and though he enjoyed a very large share of public respect, he never sought to enter public life. He was unmarried. His death was due to influenza, the cause of so many deaths of prominent men lately, acting on a constitution weakened somewhat by previous illness. The funeral takes place today from St. Andrew’s church, of which he was an esteemed elder.”

The death of Mr. James Morgan had preceded that of his brother but a few months, and occurred on March 28, 1893, at which time the Gazette said in part: “By the death of Mr. James Morgan, Sr., Montreal has lost one of its oldest citizens and one who for well nigh half a century was an intelligent sharer in its commercial and industrial progress. The deceased gentleman was in his eighty-sixth year. Mr. James Morgan was a man of strong intellect, diligently cultivated, an assiduous but judicious reader until his eyesight became impaired, and his opinion on questions to which he had given thought was ever listened to with attention. With few persons was it more profitable to converse, especially on the higher themes of religion, philosophy and science. His views were broad and so was his charity. Although as a business man he had little spare time for writing, Mr. Morgan could wield an able pen and has written not only prose but poetry. He was long an esteemed member of the Church of the Messiah. But though a man of strong convictions, as he was a thorough Scotchman, neither in creed nor in nationality was he of the narrow type.”

The business of Henry Morgan & Company from its very inception, has never been at a standstill, success following the firm’s every move. In 1906 it was incorporated as a limited liability company under the present title of Henry Morgan & Company, Limited, with Mr. James Morgan, as president. The development and expansion of this firm’s interests have come to include several large factories which it owns and operates, among these being the foremost high class wood-working plant in the Dominion, which places the company in a position to build homes as well as to decorate and furnish them even to the smallest detail. In this respect the firm has become widely known throughout Canada, and its successful undertakings include decorative schemes and interior furnishings of some of the finest homes in practically every province in the Dominion.

Its business policy has always been one of absolute integrity and business honesty, and this has exerted a strong influence upon the life of a great city. The public who come in daily contact with the various branches of this great organization readily feel that spirit of industry and enterprise that has made possible the accomplishing of great things and the building of a great business dedicated to the best interests of the public whom it serves.

HON. JAMES MCSHANE.

In the political history of Montreal during the past half century no name has been more familiar to the people than that of the Hon. James McShane, who in all of his public connections displayed a masterful grasp of every problem presented for solution combined with thorough understanding of human nature and the springs of human conduct. A firm belief in the principles which he advocated combined with the qualities of leadership enabled him to become a directing force in public affairs.

Mr. McShane was born in Montreal, November 7, 1833, a son of James and Ellen (Quinn) McShane, who came from county Armagh, Ireland, and settled in Montreal in the summer of 1833. The mother died during the cholera epidemic of 1834.

After pursuing his early education under Daniel Mahoney, a well known Irish schoolmaster of that period, and spending some years as a student in the Sulpician College, James McShane, at the age of eighteen years, joined his father who had become an extensive cattle exporter. The son eventually succeeded to the business and it is a matter of history that he was the first to export cattle to Europe, his first shipment of three hundred head being made October 5, 1874, on the steamship George, to Liverpool. For four years he also had the contract to supply the British troops when they were stationed here.

While engaged in this business Mr. McShane, with the natural love of the Celt for such matters, found time to devote to political problems and activities, both municipal and federal. In 1863 he was a justice of the peace and for twenty-one years he represented St. Ann’s ward as an alderman. During those years he became known as “the people’s Jimmie,” for he knew every man, woman and child in the ward, calling them by their Christian names and ever manifesting deep and sincere solicitude for their welfare. He possessed a wonderful gift of memory enabling him to readily recall names and faces and incidents connected with the individual to whom he was speaking. All this made him personally popular and was an effective element in his leadership.

At various periods Mr. McShane represented Montreal West and Center in the legislature, continuing to sit from 1878 until 1892. In the formation of the Mercier cabinet he accepted the important portfolio of minister of public works in which he continued in 1887-8. When the late Mr. Justice Curran was raised to the bench in 1875 Mr. McShane contested St. Ann’s division in the liberal interests against Sir William Hingston whom he defeated. In 1891 and 1892 Mr. McShane was mayor of Montreal, and his administration of municipal affairs was characterized by many needed reforms and improvements. In 1887 he was a member of the Quebec Interprovincial Conference, and he was at one time president of St. Patrick’s Society. He served as an officer in the volunteer militia in the first administrative battalion in the Fenian raids of 1866 and was granted a medal for his service. He is now eighty years of age, but is splendidly preserved physically and mentally, in both regards being the superior of many men of sixty years. He possesses all the virtues and specific activities of the sons of Erin. In 1910 when he was far past the span of life allotted by the psalmist, he fell victim to an acute attack of pneumonia, but by sheer force of will passed through a crisis after he was given up by his old family physician and friend, Mr. McShane remarking that “he felt quite fit and that this business of making him stay in bed was only a joke.”

Mr. McShane has been married twice. In 1863 he wedded Elizabeth Jane Darrah, who died June 25, 1867. In 1870 he married Miss Josephine Kathleen Meron of Plattsburg, New York, who died January 1, 1910. Unto them were born six children, three of whom survive the mother: Mrs. Richard Barry of Montreal; Mrs. Henry M. Tracy of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who has two children; and Mrs. Kathleen H. Buckley of New York city, who has five children.

HON. JEAN BAPTISTE ARCHAMBAULT.

Hon. Jean Baptiste Archambault, judge of the circuit court of Montreal, took to his judicial duties an excellent record as a lawyer whose ability and success had won for him a foremost place among the strong and forceful representatives of the Montreal bar. A deep thinker, logical reasoner and well versed in the science of his profession, he was eminently well fitted for the judgeship to which he was appointed November 29, 1913.

He was born at St. Antoine, Vercheres county, P. Q., on the 21st of March, 1871, and comes from one of the old and prominent families of the province, one that has given to the legal profession more members than any other one family.

In the attainment of his education, Judge Archambault attended St. Hyacinthe Seminary and Laval University, winning the degrees of B. L. and B. C. L. in 1895. From the outset the science of his profession, as well as its practical phases, proved a strong attraction for him. He entered upon active practice in 1895 and soon demonstrated his ability to successfully cope with intricate and involved legal problems.

His preparation of cases was always thorough and his presentation of a cause marked by perspicuity. His standing among his professional brethren is indicated by the fact that in 1905 he was chosen by the council of the bar of the province of Quebec to assist in editing the judicial reports of the superior court and the court of king’s bench.

Vital political problems have always greatly interested him, and he has been active and zealous in support of principles in which he believes. He was a recognized leader of the conservative party in his native county and was a candidate for the legislature in 1904. He has ever been a close student of the signs of the times and the questions of the day, and although still a conservative in principle he holds to more independent views than formerly, his comprehensive study leading him to see many questions in a different light. He has been spoken of as “a man who has thought out problems for himself and is an authority on economics, political and social.” He was one of the first to advocate proportional representation in Canada, has delivered many lectures upon the subject and has written many articles which have done much to foster and promote the idea.

His wide general information is one of the strong elements of his power and ability as a lawyer and jurist. His broad knowledge, which enables him to understand life in its various phases, and his masterful grasp of every problem presented for solution, are qualities which, combined with a familiarity of the law and with precedent, equip him for his work on the bench.

Judge Archambault withal is possessed of a genial nature, is kindly in spirit and unfailingly courteous. He belongs to a number of the leading social clubs and in their membership is most popular.

SIR HUGH ALLAN.

Sir Hugh Allan, one of the foremost men in the early development of Canada’s foreign commerce and the practical founder of the Allan line of steamships, was a man whose initiative spirit enabled him to recognize, appreciate and understand situations incomprehensible to men of less sagacity and insight. The success of his undertakings made him one of the foremost figures in the history of Canada’s commercial greatness. He stood as a leading representative of navigation interests and was almost equally well known in banking and industrial circles. Indeed many business interests profited by his cooperation and ability and his memory is still honored by those who cherish the history of their country and recognize its real upbuilders.

The identification of the Allan family with the shipping interests of the St. Lawrence dated back to about 1825, when Captain Alexander Allan sailed up the river in the brig Favorite from Glasgow. There were no wharves then. The vessel was assisted up the St. Mary’s current by oxen. The cargo was discharged on the beach, over long planks.

Sir Hugh Allan was the second son of Captain Alexander, and was born September 29, 1810, in Saltcoats, County Ayr, Scotland. Sir Hugh Allan was in his sixteenth year, when on the 12th of April, 1826, he sailed from Greenock for Montreal on the brig Favorite, commanded by his father, and on which his eldest brother was second officer. They arrived in Montreal on the 21st of May. Hugh Allan entered the employ of William Kerr & Company, and afterward travelled for some time in the United States. He then visited Scotland and a year later returned to Montreal, where he secured a position with J. Millar & Company, shipbuilders and shippers. So excellent was his service in that connection that after four years he was admitted to partnership and following the death of Mr. Millar in 1838 the business was conducted by the firm of Edmonstone & Allan, ship agents, shipbuilders, importers and general merchants. In 1846, Andrew Allan, a younger brother of Hugh’s, was taken into the firm. It owned a fleet of fast sailing vessels of about 350 tons register, full-rigged ships which, with ice-blocks round their bows, pushed their way through the ice, so that sometimes they would arrive in port on the 15th of April. In 1853 Hugh Allan, who was a man of great tenacity of purpose, and at the same time of remarkable foresight, saw that the time had come for the building of iron ships for the St. Lawrence trade. Besides, there was the consideration that they would run to Portland in the winter time, and connect with Montreal by rail. He enlisted the support of several wealthy men, including William Dow and Robert Anderson, of Montreal, and formed the Montreal Ocean Steamship Company. The Canadian and Indian were the first two boats built by the company. The boats cost about two hundred and fifty thousand dollars each and had a speed of eleven knots. They were wonders at the time and made a great impression, as the people had not been accustomed to see iron ships.

It happened that about this time the Crimean war broke out, and the government was at its wits’ end to provide transports. The Allans went into the business and while the war lasted made large profits.

The first ocean steamship, the Genova, reached Quebec in 1853 and proceeded to Montreal, where there was great rejoicing. She was an iron boat of eight hundred tons and was succeeded by the Cleopatra and the Sarah Sands. Newer and larger vessels were built in the succeeding year and what was deemed experimental at the start became fixed features of the new navigation, which was dangerous, owing to so many sunken reefs in the St. Lawrence and the poor lighting of the river. The Canadian government made a contract with Hugh Allan for carrying the mails, paying an annual subsidy of one hundred and twenty thousand dollars. The Anglo-Saxon, a new boat, ran from Quebec to Liverpool in nine days on one occasion. This was thought to be wonderful, as the people had been accustomed to a voyage of forty days on the old sailing vessels. At that time the grain carrying charge was thirty cents per bushel.

The requirements of the service in 1858 demanded more accommodation, and the Allan brothers determined on a weekly service. Larger and faster boats were introduced. The government paid subsidies to the new service totaling four hundred and sixteen thousand dollars per annum. Year by year the Allans launched new boats, always bigger and faster, though speed was never the chief consideration with the company. In 1861 they had a fleet of over twenty vessels, but a sinister fortune befell the company in the first ten years of its existence. Eight ships were lost in as many years. The Indian, the Hungarian, a second Canadian, the North Briton, the Anglo-Saxon, the Norwegian, the Bohemian, all became total wrecks. The river was badly lighted, the tides did not run true, the pilots were incompetent and the compass deviated owing to some strange local attraction due, it was said, to mineral deposits in the gulf. Anyway, disaster followed disaster, and, as was said at the time, any other man than Mr. Allan would have given up in despair. But that gentleman had something of the firmness of his native granite in his composition and he never wavered. Difficulties in time were overcome, the Allans began to prosper and from this on their boats were singularly free from accidents.

To show, however, how little even the most perspicacious can see in advance of their time, it may be stated that at the banquet which the citizens tendered Hugh Allan in 1850, he said that ships of one thousand seven hundred tons were the most suitable for the Montreal trade. He lived to see his boats grow to five thousand five hundred tons. The line prospered; the number of boats was constantly increased to meet the need; the Northwest was opened up; and the Allan boats brought in many thousands of immigrants. The building of the Parisian in 1881 was supposed to be about the last word in shipbuilding. She was far in advance of anything to be seen on the route. Today she is, by comparison with the leviathans of the route, almost as antique as the old Favorite was when steamships came in.

As prosperity came to him in one direction, Sir Hugh Allan extended his efforts into other fields. He not only kept abreast with the times but was ever in the vanguard of progress. He became president of the Montreal Telegraph Company, of the Canadian Navigation Company, the Merchants Bank of Canada, and the Lake Memphremagog Navigation Company. He was also interested in mining as president of the Mulgrave Gold Mining Company and his activities extended to the presidency of the Montreal Warehousing Company, the Vermont & Canada Marble Company, and many other business enterprises of importance. Indeed, no citizen of Canada has deserved popular recognition in larger measure than Sir Hugh, and Queen Victoria acknowledged the value of his service to his country by knighting him with her own hand in 1871.

In 1877 he decided to associate his name with the Canadian Pacific Railway enterprise. He, in fact, formed the first syndicate to build it. The fall of the Macdonald government defeated his plan.

On the 13th of September, 1844, Sir Hugh was married to Miss Matilda Smith, the second daughter of John Smith, one of the leading merchants of Montreal. They became parents of nine daughters and four sons. Sir Hugh died in Edinburgh while on a visit to Scotland on the 9th of December, 1882, having passed the seventy-second milestone on life’s journey. His remains were brought to Montreal in one of his own vessels, and laid to rest in Mount Royal cemetery. Well merited encomiums were passed upon him and high honors awaited him during his active life. He was one who pushed forward the wheels of progress. Looking into the future he saw something of the greatness in store for Canada and became a factor in the fulfillment of the progress which he believed possible for a country having the natural advantages here offered. He builded perhaps even better than he knew, for his work continues today, remaining an important element in Canada’s enterprise, activity and greatness.

FREDERICK CLEVELAND MORGAN.

Frederick Cleveland Morgan, merchant, is one of Montreal’s native sons, his father being James Morgan. Liberal educational opportunitiess were afforded him and after pursuing his education at Cambridge, where he won the Bachelor of Arts degree, he continued his studies in McGill University, which conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. Throughout his business career he has been identified with commercial interests and is now a member of the firm of Henry Morgan & Company, Limited, proprietors of the Colonial House Department Store, which is one of the largest and best establishments of its character in the city.

In March, 1906, Mr. Morgan was married to Miss Elizabeth Marcia Shaw, the eldest daughter of C. Thaxter Shaw, of Montreal. They occupy an attractive home at No. 308 Peel Street. Mr. Morgan is a member of the University Club, Racquet Club, Forest and Stream, the Mount Royal Lawn Tennis, Arts Club, Art Association and Antiquarian and Numismatic Society. Mr. Morgan’s interest lies more in art and literature than in business affairs. He was the first secretary of the Arts Club, Limited, formed in 1913 for the purpose of encouraging art and literature.

HON. SIMEON BEAUDIN, K. C.

Hon. Simeon Beaudin, puisne judge of the superior court of the province of Quebec, took to his judicial duties an excellent record as a lawyer whose ability had won for him a foremost position among the strong and forceful members of the Montreal bar, where he had been a successful practitioner for more than one-third of a century.

He was born at St. Isidore, P. Q., September 12, 1855, and comes from one of the oldest families in the province.

He supplemented his early educational privileges by a course of study in Montreal College and in 1878 was called to the bar. He immediately entered upon active practice, forming a partnership with Messrs. Loranger & Loranger, in whose office he had previously studied. One of the partners was raised to the bench and on the death of the other Mr. Beaudin succeeded to the business of the firm. His partnership relations extended until he became the senior member of the well known law firm of Beaudin, Loranger, St. Germain & Guerin. His practice was of an extensive and important character. He argued the St. Blase parish and other cases before the judicial committee of the privy council of England, and was acknowledged as a leader of the French-Canadian bar. For many years he was a member of the bar council. In 1889 he was created Q. C. by the Earl of Derby. He was batonnier of the Montreal bar in 1902 and later batonnier-general. His close conformity to the highest standards of his profession and his devotion to his clients’ interests gave to him a standing that was an honor to his profession. He was elected an honorary member of La Chambre de Commerce of Montreal in 1902 and in 1904 he became one of the incorporators of the La Presse Publishing Company. He was also one of the promoters of Lafontaine Club and he likewise belongs to Club Canadien and Pointe Claire Golf Club.

Judge Beaudin has always given his political allegiance to the conservative party. He unsuccessfully contested Laprairie-Napierville for the house of commons at the general election in 1908.

For some years previous to his assuming judicial duties in 1912, he had been frequently referred to by the press and profession as a most competent man for the bench, and of him the Montreal Witness said: “He ranks high in his profession, his thorough legal sense, knowledge of the law and extensive experience qualifying him for early judicial preferment.”

In 1883 Mr. Beaudin was united in marriage to Miss Mary Norris, a daughter of John Norris, of Montreal, and they reside at No. 44 Bishop Street. In religious faith Mr. Beaudin is a Roman Catholic. In all matters of citizenship pertaining to the material, intellectual, political and moral progress of the community he is deeply interested, but after all he regards the law as his real life work.

SIR WILLIAM HALES HINGSTON, KT., M. D.

Sir William Hales Hingston, Kt., M. D., whose professional activities constituted valuable contributions to the world’s work, his ability winning him wide recognition and high honors from various scientific bodies, was born at Hinchinbrooke, province of Quebec, June 29, 1829, a son of the late Lieutenant Colonel S. J. Hingston, of His Majesty’s One Hundredth Regiment. He was a representative of a distinguished Irish family, closely related to the Cotters of Cork, the Latouches of Dublin and the Hales. He supplemented his early education, acquired in a local academy, by study in St. Sulpice, now Montreal College, and having determined upon the practice of medicine as a life work, he prepared for his chosen calling by a course in McGill University, which he completed with the class of 1851. He further carried on his investigation, study and research abroad, obtaining a diploma in the Royal College of Surgery at Edinburgh in 1852, and subsequently obtaining diplomas in France, Prussia, Austria and Bavaria. He was the first Canadian to whom was accorded the honor of membership in the Imperial Leopold Academy at Vienna.

Dr. Hingston entered upon the active work of his profession in Montreal and continued an eminent member of the profession to the time of his death, winning notable renown in surgery. His ability along that line constantly developed. He possessed the steady hand and the cool nerve of the surgeon and his professional skill gained him rank with the most prominent representatives of the profession on the American continent. For many years he was surgeon in the Hotel Dieu Hospital, where he gave clinical instructions in surgery. He was also governor of the College of Physicians and Surgeons and at one time was its president. He was honored with election as a first secretary of the Canadian Medical Association, and later was called to its presidency.

He was the organizer of the first board of health in the Dominion, and his efforts in behalf of sanitary interests were far reaching and beneficial. Not only did he display marked skill in surgery, but also eminent ability as an educator, and upon the organization of Bishop’s College Medical School was chosen professor of surgery and clinical surgery, and became dean of the faculty, but at length was forced to sever his connections with that institution, owing to the many other demands made upon his time and services. He never refused to respond to a call for professional aid if he could possibly meet it, and it would be difficult to name a physician and surgeon of Canada whose labors have reached out beneficially to a larger number of people. When, during an epidemic of smallpox, a local board of health was organized, Dr. Hingston was made its chairman, and he also became chairman of the provincial board of health, when in 1885 the province was again being visited by that calamity. He was an energetic advocate of vaccination.

It was but natural that a man of his ability and position should have written much upon professional topics. He was a valuable contributor to the medical literature of his day, one of his most important publications being his “Climate of Canada and its Relation to Life and Health,” published in 1885. Competent authority pronounced this “the fullest work, which has appeared on the subject and apart from its economic and ethnological value, is, from its pleasing style, delightful to read.” Scientific bodies conferred high honors upon Dr. Hingston and in addition, he was elected an honorary member of different state boards of medicine and by many state medical societies in the United States. When the British Association for the Advancement of Science visited Canada some years ago, he was chosen vice president and not long afterward was elected an honorary member of the British Medical Association.

His professional activity would alone entitle him to wide distinction, yet he was active in other fields and in connection with the public affairs of the country.

He became president of the Montreal City & District Savings Bank, and also vice president of the City Passenger Railway Company. In 1875 Montreal elected him its mayor, and he served one term, when he declined renomination. For coolness and judgment, which he displayed during the Guibord affair in Montreal, he received the thanks of the Earl of Dufferin, then governor general of Canada. Bishop’s College University at Lennoxville conferred upon him the honorary degree of D. C. L., while Victoria University of Toronto gave him the honorary degree of LL. D. He was made vice president of the Montreal branch of the St. John’s Ambulance Association and in 1875 was appointed a commander of the Roman Order of St. Gregory. Twenty years later, or on the 24th of May, 1895, he was knighted by Her Majesty, the late Queen Victoria, and he was called to the senate of Canada by the Earl of Aberdeen, January 2, 1896. His political allegiance was given to the conservative party, and his study of vital questions and issues of the day brought about the familiarity of Canadian politics, which enabled him to discuss such subjects with those to whom such study was a life work.

In 1875 Dr. Hingston was married to Miss Margaret Josephine Macdonald, a daughter of the late Hon. D. A. Macdonald, at one time lieutenant governor of Ontario. Her mother was Katherine, the second daughter of the late Hon. Colonel Alexander Fraser of Frasersfield, Ontario. Lady Hingston was educated in Montreal and has been very prominent in charitable and benevolent work. She is a member of the Ladies Committee L’Institute des Ecoles Menageres, vice president of the Needlework Guild, honorary president of the Loyola Literary Club; prominently identified with the local League for the Prevention of Tuberculosis; formerly president of the Woman’s Park Protective Association; etc., and was elected president of the Catholic Girls’ Club of Montreal (an association largely founded by her), in 1911.

Sir William Hingston was a member of the Roman Catholic church to which Lady Hingston also belongs. He passed away on February 19, 1907, but there lives in the minds of those who knew him and of the professional world at large, the memory of distinguished service for the benefit of his fellowmen, in the path of his chosen profession. A keen intellect, splendidly developed, was brought to bear upon complex medical and surgical problems and the result of deep thought, wise research and careful investigation, made his contribution to the world’s work of the utmost benefit.

HON. JAMES KEWLEY WARD.

Out of the struggle with comparatively small opportunities Hon. James Kewley Ward came finally into a field of broad and active influence and usefulness. Not seeking honor but simply endeavoring to do his duty, honors were yet multiplied and prosperity followed his undertakings. His father settled on the Isle of Man and it was there that the son, James Kewley Ward, was born on the 9th of September, 1819. He was reared and educated at the place of his nativity but the opportunities of America attracted him in early manhood, and he crossed the Atlantic to New York, remaining for a decade in that city. His initial experience in the new world was one of continuous advancement, for the wise use he made of his time and opportunities brought about the development and increase of his powers. He left New York for Canada in 1853, and settling in Montreal engaged in the lumber business, which he found a profitable field of labor, owing to his keen discernment and his wise management of his affairs. He also became deeply interested in the Canadian cotton manufacturing industry and in time came to rank with the leading representatives of manufacturing and commercial interests in his province.

Important and extensive as were his business affairs, Mr. Ward never allowed these to preclude an active and helpful interest in the municipal life or provincial welfare. For eighteen years he was a valued member of the town council of Cote St. Antoine, and for nine years he was mayor, giving to the city a businesslike and progressive administration that brought about needed reforms and improvements. In 1882 and again in 1887 he was defeated in the dominion general election, after which he was appointed to the legislative council in 1888 and in 1903 was made a member of the council of public instruction. He reached the remarkable old age of ninety-one years, yet remained an active factor in the work of the legislative council, being seen daily at his desk in the legislature, taking a keen interest in many public questions which were submitted for consideration. He was a liberal and his position upon any vital issue was never an equivocal one. He stood stalwartly in defence of what he believed to be right and for the best interests of the province at large. He was a man of broad vision, whose public service was characterized by no petty personal prejudices. Duty was his watchword in public office, and he seemed to view a vital question from every possible standpoint.

Hon. Mr. Ward was connected with various public institutions, having to do with the welfare and benefit of the unfortunate or tending to alleviate hard conditions of life for the needy. He was a governor of the Montreal General Hospital and of the House of Industry and Refuge, was president of the Protestant Hospital for the Insane and president of St. George’s Society and other organizations. He passed away October 2, 1910, having kept his faculties unimpaired to the last. To build up rather than to destroy had ever been his broad policy, and through life he had attacked every important work which he undertook with a contagious enthusiasm.

JOSEPH MEDARD GUINDON.

Joseph Medard Guindon, engaged in the real estate business in Montreal since December, 1908, was born at St. Ignace du Coteau du Lac in the county of Soulanges, on the 23d of March, 1866, a son of Jules and Marguerite (Wilson) Guindon the father born at St. Eustache and the mother at Coteau du Lac. The ancestry of the Guindon family can be traced back to Pierre Guindon, who was born in 1648 and died September 27, 1733. He married Catherine Rouchallet dit Bergerac, who died August 22, 1710. To his marriage were born three children. The eldest son, Jean Baptiste Guindon, was born September 15, 1707, and married, February 14, 1729, Madeleine Labette. Pierre Guindon, the second son, was born in 1708, and died October 7, 1709. Paul Guindon, the youngest son, was born August 21, 1710, and married November 16, 1733, Marie Josette Aube dit Aubert, to which marriage were born two sons: Paul, August 20, 1735; and François, March 23, 1737. Paul Guindon married Marie Amable de Maisonneuve in 1770 and had one son, Amable, born in 1772. Amable Guindon married in 1809 and had a son, Magloire, born October 15, 1811. Magloire Guindon was married in 1835 to Josette Guindon, his cousin. He took up arms at the revolt of St. Eustache in 1837, was arrested and imprisoned for a period of seven months after the confiscation of the greater part of his goods. To his marriage were born six children of whom Jules, born in 1840, married Marguerite Wilson, May 20, 1865, at Coteau du Lac. To them were born eleven children, the most of whom died at an early age.

Joseph Medard Guindon was a student in l’Ecole du Plateau in Montreal, where he completed the commercial course in 1882. He then turned his attention to the hardware trade and in 1897 became a hardware merchant in Valleyfield, where he conducted business for nine years. In 1907 he established a hardware store in Montreal, of which he was proprietor for two years. In December, 1908, he opened a real estate office with L. D. Latour under the firm name of Latour & Guindon, in which business he has since been engaged with a large capital. He has personally made investments in improved property and vacant land and his holdings are now very extensive. As real estate agent and expert he has a large clientage and his business is growing year by year. He is thoroughly informed concerning realty values and the energy and enterprise which he displays in carrying on his work have constituted the salient forces in the attainment of his success.

Mr. Guindon has been twice married. On the 30th of June, 1886, he wedded Rosalinda Bourdon, a daughter of Narcisse and Marie Anne (Bisaillon) Bourdon, and to this marriage was born one son, Paul Herve, whose birth occurred at Valleyfield, April 2, 1898. On October 7, 1902, Mr. Guindon was again married, his second union being with Marie Rose Anne Sevigny, a daughter of Philias and Madeleine (Cantin) Sevigny. The children of this marriage are: Marguerite, Marcelle, Suzanne, Juliette, Mario, Robert, Jacques and Jean Rodrigue.

While living in Valleyfield Mr. Guindon served as city alderman from 1898 till 1904. He manifests a deep interest in municipal affairs and all lines of public progress, but has never been ambitious to hold office, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his business interests, which are now extensive and important.

WILLIAM PATTERSON, K. C.

William Patterson was born in Ormstown, Quebec, and is a son of the late Samuel Patterson. He was educated at the public school of Ormstown; Huntingdon Academy at Huntingdon, Quebec; McGill University of Montreal, which institution conferred upon him the degree of B. A. with first rank honours in classics, in 1886, M. A., in 1889, and B. C. L., in 1895; and at Laval University, which granted him the LL. B. degree in 1900.

Mr. Patterson was principal of the Royal Arthur school at Montreal from 1888 to 1898, during which time he organized and directed a movement in favor of a school history of Canada, written from a Dominion instead of a provincial point of view, the object being, while the history of our country is told from its earliest periods, to direct, as far as possible, the mind of the reader from the various currents of provincial history into the broader channel of the Dominion and to make the boys and girls of Canada feel as they grow up into the responsibilities of citizenship that under confederation we have a united country and a united people. He addressed in support of the movement the Provincial Association of Protestant Teachers of the Province of Quebec at their annual convention in McGill Normal school, Montreal, in October, 1889, and also addressed the Teachers of the Province of Nova Scotia at their annual convention, in Halifax, in December, 1890. He also read before the Royal Society of Canada at Montreal in June, 1891, a paper entitled A Proposal for a Dominion Text-Book of Canadian History. He was appointed secretary of the Dominion history committee, with the Hon. George W. Ross, later Sir George W. Ross, as chairman, by the Dominion Educational Association at its first meeting, which was held in Montreal in July, 1892. The result of these efforts was the organization of the Dominion history prize competition, open to authors of recognized ability, and the publication in June, 1897, of The History of the Dominion of Canada, by W. H. P. Clement, B. A., LL. B., which had been awarded the first prize, and of A Canadian History for Boys and Girls, by Miss Emily P. Weaver, which had been awarded the second prize--both works written from the viewpoint indicated above.

Mr. Patterson organized at Ormstown, Quebec, in 1888, the Chateauguay Literary and Historical Society and was its corresponding secretary from that time until 1895, when, under the auspices of the society and in the presence of over seven thousand people, many of whom had come from a distance, a monument erected on the Chateauguay battlefield by the Dominion government, the outcome of a long agitation, was unveiled in memory of Colonel de Salaberry’s brilliant victory of 1813 over the American invading army.

Mr. Patterson was called to the Quebec bar in July, 1901, and has since successfully practiced his profession at Montreal, where he is the attorney of the Dominion Alliance and of other bodies. He is the author of the Handbook of Commercial Law, published in 1904. In 1910 he was appointed joint crown prosecutor for the district of Beauharnois and in April, 1912, was created a king’s counsellor.

Mr. Patterson married Miss Naomi Florence Smith, a daughter of Robert Smith, of Westmount, Quebec, in July, 1909. He is a liberal in politics and has taken an active part on the hustings in all federal and provincial elections at Montreal and in its vicinity since 1900. His church membership is held in the Presbyterian denomination, and he is a member of the Canadian and Reform Clubs of Montreal. His residence is at 2290 Mance Street, Montreal.

WILLIAM HENRY ATHERTON.

William Henry Atherton was born on November 15, 1867, in Salford, a suburb of Manchester, in Lancashire, England, of Joseph Atherton, sanitary engineer, and Sarah (Nicholls) Atherton. His grandfather, William Atherton, was of a line of merchants and was the last volunteer fire chief in Salford where in Peel Park Museum his famous fire dog “Lion” held an honoured place. His maternal grandfather’s family of Nicholls had farms in Yorkshire and previously in North Wales.

William Henry Atherton spent his early boyhood at the old cathedral city of Norwich in Norfolk, and in 1879, at the age of twelve, started his classical studies at Stonyhurst College, in Lancashire, graduating from the class of Rhetoric in 1886 and matriculating the same year in the first class in the University of London. After several years’ further classical studies he entered the course of scholastic philosophy at St. Mary’s College, Stonyhurst, and at the end of the third year, in 1895, presented his theses in Universa Philosophia, which he passed with distinction “aptus ad docendum,” the degree being equivalent to the Doctorate of Philosophy, which was, after a further thesis on “Beatitudo Finalis” accepted as _ad eundum gradum_ at the University of Ottawa in 1908. From 1898 to 1902 he pursued a four years’ course of scholastic divinity at St. Beuno’s College, St. Asaph, North Wales. When not engaged in the above courses he taught for nearly ten years as a professor of classics and elocution at Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, and Beaumont College, Old Windsor, Berkshire, two of the principal “public schools” of England. At both of these colleges he had charge of the dramatic performances, which are a recognized and important feature in their educational system. There he produced many of the best examples of the classical drama as well as of the best modern plays. He also had charge of the preparation of the annual or term “academies” or “speech days” and thus his students presented parts of Latin, Greek, English and French classical pieces.

On coming to Canada in 1907 William Atherton taught classics for a year at St. Albert, Alberta, at the Bishop’s Seminary, assisting Mgr. Légal in the preparation of a history of the Catholic church in North Alberta. In 1908 he taught classics at Loyola College, Montreal. Since then he has filled other educational posts in the city as lecturer in psychology and ethics at the College for the Higher Education of Women, established in connection with Laval University; professor of the English course in the new “Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales” erected by the Gouin government in 1910, and from 1911 he has also been an examiner in Arts for the entrance examinations conducted by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the province of Quebec. During his career in Montreal Dr. Atherton has identified himself with most phases of the sociological problems of the city. In 1908 he was invited to assume the managership of the Catholic Sailors’ Club, a position he still holds. In 1909, when the City Improvement League was established, he was selected to become the executive secretary. He is a member of the Civic Secretaries’ Association in connection with the National Municipal League of America, a member of the National Housing Association, the International City Planning Conference and the American Civic League. At the Toronto convention of the International City Planning Congress held in June, 1914, he was appointed by the Canadian delegates to represent them before the Commission of Conservation of the Dominion government to urge the creation of a special Municipal Improvement Bureau in connection with that Commission, to co-operate with and to organize the various movements for city planning, housing and civic improvements in the Dominion. He has taken an active part in most of the recent Civic Improvement and Good Government movements in Montreal, being one of the pioneers in affecting the appointment of the Metropolitan Parks Commission for Montreal, and a consistent advocate of better housing conditions for the working classes. He was the organizing secretary of the notable Child Welfare Exhibition held in Montreal in the Drill Hall on Craig Street in October, 1912. In 1914 he was a member of the executive committee of the “clean-up week” movement, a great public health movement which was taken up by the whole city, in which he acted as chairman of the Co-operation Committee.

Dr. Atherton has been the author of many contributions and criticisms to literary, philosophical and civic journals. His first work, published anonymously under the auspices of the Catholic Truth Society of England, was the Life of Father Damien, the Leper Priest, which appeared in England in 1889, attracting attention as the first authentic life then published. Dr. Atherton has identified himself with the literary life of Montreal. He was one of the founders of the Montreal branch of the Dickens’ Fellowship of which he has been vice president for three years and president for the years 1912-1913-1914. He is the author of the two volumes of the history of Montreal under the French Régime and under the English Rule now being published.

HON. RAYMOND PREFONTAINE.

Joseph Raymond Fournier Préfontaine was a member of an old French family which was established in 1680 in New France. Mr. Préfontaine was born at Longueuil on the 16th of September, 1850. He began his education under private tutors and completed his classical studies at St. Mary’s College under the direction of the Jesuit Fathers. He obtained his Bachelor’s degree at McGill University and was admitted to the bar in 1873. While taking up his private practice he began at the same time occupying himself with public affairs with success.

There are few men who, step by step, possessed more than he the rare gift of being always the man of his time and who at all times retained the favor of his friends. He made his debut in municipal politics as alderman for Hochelaga, and in 1879 became the mayor of that municipality, which honorary post he held until 1884. At this period the progress of Montreal was slow, it being the custom to retard rather than hasten her development. The town and city officers at that time were struggling along with inadequate acts and regulations. They were like the undeterred scientists of old who obstinately tried to solve the problem of squaring the circle although without the slightest vestige of success. New blood was needed and Hochelaga supplied the first infusion in the person of Mr. Préfontaine. When Hochelaga was annexed to Montreal Mr. Préfontaine became alderman of the Montreal council and president of the public works commission. The task which confronted him was not a small one. On the one hand he had to fight against a routine held sacred, and on the other hand against a majority which was absolutely neglecting the eastern part of Montreal.

In 1898 Mr. Préfontaine was mayor of Montreal and began to carry out his program of action. Nothing was neglected for the advancement of the city, and he employed to the utmost his legal acumen and ability in restoring Montreal to her rights. From that time he displayed a deep and abiding devotion to Montreal East which owes so much to him, his labors in this connection being the crowning achievement of his efforts. It was he who gave to the city the Viger railroad station, and this was in itself but a small matter when compared with the shipbuilding yards, the mammoth warehouses and thousands of habitations that he by his persistency won for the French region of the metropolis. He thought of everything; the street railway service, the electric lighting system, the street paving, all these bore the stamp of his personality. He was sometimes unjustly accused of lending himself to questionable deals but always emerged from these ordeals without a stain upon his character or a shadow of doubt remaining as to the entire justification of his actions.

He was the Haussman of the city. It was generally known that he was the friend of the working men and would defend their interests as his own. It was but natural therefore that the workingmen of Hochelaga were his best friends and his stanchest partisans. They were his standard bearers throughout the entire town and were the first who made possible his election to the magistracy of the city. Mr. Préfontaine lifted Montreal out of the old routine and after he was elected mayor all worked hand and glove with him in order to crown his work, and it is not short of the truth to say that a complete reorganization of the municipal autonomy took place.

Hon. Mr. Préfontaine at the time of his death had been in politics for thirty years. In 1875 he was elected member of parliament from Chambly to the legislature of Quebec and continued to represent that county from 1886 to 1896 in the Dominion parliament. In his early days he served as president of the Young Men’s Liberal Association and later as president of the Club National. He was always the man of the hour. His remarkable popularity, the wide prestige which he enjoyed in the liberal party and the financial world, his intimate knowledge of political and administrative affairs, all betokened him the foremost man in the province of Quebec and more particularly in the district of Montreal. He was actively interested in all the movements of his party; few were the counties which he did not visit during the campaigns, and he took part in all the important debates. From his debut he was always in the public eye. Men like him are always the first in all ranks of life. One sees him ceaselessly battling when vital interests are at stake. At the general elections of 1900 he was elected by a large majority for Maisonneuve and Terrebonne. At the time of his death he was representing Maisonneuve, which had elected him by a majority of twenty-five hundred votes. When the Hon. Mr. Tarte resigned from the Laurier cabinet Mr. Préfontaine was prevailed upon to accept the portfolio of marine and fisheries. It is to him that Canada owes the fine organization of this department and the excellent results obtained.

Let us recall what he wrote regarding this subject on the 21st of October in Le Soleil: “We receive every day confirmation of the happy news that the harvest of this year will surpass all hopes. In fact, everything indicates that it will be phenomenal. The Grain Merchants Association values for only the west the production of wheat at ninety-one and a half millions bushels; that of oats at sixty-seven millions of bushels; that of flax at half a million. On the other side the reports from Quebec and Ontario are excellent. There is no doubt that our exportations of agricultural products will this year largely exceed those of 1903, our maximum year, which amounted to one hundred and fifteen million dollars. These figures are so outstanding that they speak for themselves. They mean that the facilities of transportation will have to be considerable to ship all of this,--that is that the St. Lawrence route will be largely put in requisition to export our grain and in return, for the importation of articles sent in exchange. But they signify also that large sums of money will come into the treasury and that the St. Lawrence route will well merit its share. The St. Lawrence begins at the head of Lake Superior and goes as far as Belle Isle, I may say nearly to Newfoundland.

“One of my predecessors asked from Sir Wilfrid Laurier twenty-five million dollars for the single purpose of deepening the channel from Montreal to the Gulf. It is far from being completed. Since the channel was started we have not yet expended one-fifth of this amount and yet we can look backward with confidence and contemplate with pride the work accomplished. It is needless to give here the figures. Suffice it to say this is not a financial treatise but a statement to the people, telling them frankly that in less than five years we have created from nothing at Sorel, the national workshops of maritime construction, the most perfect, the best equipped, the best managed in existence in Canada and which would do credit to any other country. We have constructed the dredges and the apparatus necessary for digging and maintaining the channel at a desirable depth. The channel will be thirty feet in depth throughout almost its entire course. We have reasonably widened the curves wherever they were met. We have constructed signals and placed buoys to extend as far as the gulf and join with the channel. We have installed submarine bells and we are experimenting with a new electrical system for the direction of the vessels in the channel. We have made the channel between Montreal and Sorel as light at night as it is by day. We are now replacing floating fires with stationary fires. We have commenced and will continue with powerful vessels specially constructed to this end to make possible winter navigation and this trial, mark my words, will culminate in good results. That is as a matter of fact quite a goodly sum of finished work since Sir Wilfrid Laurier has come into power and, without boasting too much, since he has entrusted to your humble servant the portfolio of marine, so much decried by our good friends, the conservatives.

“Now, as far as professional progress is concerned, we can still cite without fear of criticism improvement of the law in regard to pilots who are now under control of my department, new conditions regarding more severe regulations, etc.; the revision of the law for the examination of captains and mates; the re-drafting of the law regarding the inspection of steamships; the creation of a competent tribunal of nautical inquiries; the establishment of navigation schools, and the organization of a scientific system of oceanographic and hydrographic observations. Here, in brief, between two viewpoints, we can, I believe, address our friends in order to show them in a new and authentic light the liberal work which has been done on the service of our grand maritime route. But you say in Quebec that with all this there still will be accidents on the river. This I cannot deny and no one regrets it more keenly than I. There will be accidents everywhere and these will happen in spite of all the precautions taken and at the moment when they are least expected. It is for this very reason that we call them accidents. Accidents happen on the canals, they will happen in mid-ocean and they might even happen in the port of Quebec if Providence so ordains, which I sincerely pray, not.”

At the outbreak of the Boer war Mr. Préfontaine gauged public feeling in Canada correctly and favored the contribution of men to the cause of the Empire and also favored the establishment of a Canadian navy. While maintaining offices in the city hall he displayed remarkable faculty for winning friends. It was said of him that no matter how bitterly opponents assailed him he never bore resentment. As years went by this trait actually made admirers out of those who had formerly been enemies. He was always ready to do a friendly act and was naturally of an optimistic temperament, being scarcely ever known to show a sign of dejection or low spirits. A belief in the possibilities of an undertaking always served as a stimulus to his intense activity, usually accompanied by the desired results.

In June, 1876, Mr. Préfontaine married Miss Hermantine Rolland, and unto them were born three sons: Rolland, a civil engineer in Montreal; Fernand, of the firm of Préfontaine & Drouin, architects of Montreal; and Adrien, now deceased.

Mr. Préfontaine died in Paris, France, December 25, 1905. At that time Mr. Lawrence A. Wilson said of his dead friend: “As the last candle lights were flickering out their little flames upon the gilded Christmas trees that had made so many young and old hearts happy, a cruel message, wrapped in thunder, reached us. A man had died: Yes! a big, big man in the fullest sense of the word. A generous friend he was always to the needful, irrespective of color, creed or nationality and one whom I have never known, during twenty years, to have harbored over night an ill feeling against his greatest political foe. When I asked him recently during a friendly conversation why he worked so hard to the detriment of his personal interests and particularly of his health, he replied, ‘My greatest pleasure is to be able to do something for my friends.’ He was a kind husband to his devoted but now sorrowing wife, a good father to his three bright boys, a solid friend to all those he trusted and a faithful, unflinching follower of his chief, Sir Wilfrid Laurier. That man was Raymond Préfontaine.”

The Montreal Daily Star editorially said of him: “Canadian public life has produced few men who would be more sincerely mourned by an army of personal friends than will the late Raymond Préfontaine. He was a man who was always bigger than his party, bigger than his numerous victories and broader in his sympathies than many a man who made more display of public spirit. A genuine liking for the big, generous man pervaded all classes of the community and was no small share of his strength in any political contest. His death comes at an exceedingly bad time for the country, just when he had taken up the problem of the St. Lawrence channel in real earnest and was bent upon giving us a clean bill of health. He has hardly been long enough in the federal field for the nation to learn to know him as he has long been known in this district. As a public man he has come in for not a little criticism. He was a candidate who stood fire well and was seldom irritated into replying with unwise petulance. Perhaps at times he displayed too great a faith in the financial recuperative powers of this city but after all is said and done, that was a generous fault. At this moment our people will only remember the attractive personality, the stanch British subject, the warm-hearted political leader who lies dead in the French capital.”

La Presse, whose editor, Mr. Dansereau, was a close personal friend of the late Hon. Raymond Préfontaine, after referring to the news of his death, continues: “We do not seek to hide our deep emotion, for he was counted among our oldest friends, and we were the last Canadians to grasp his hand before he embarked at New York on the steamer which took him across. Had he any presentiment? He was serious and pensive, nothing about him of the ordinary joy which is connected with the perspective of a short journey was shown in his manner. The distinguished deceased had eminent qualities, for he was a man of action and energy. He had done more in two years for the development and aiding of navigation than all his predecessors in the department since confederation. At least he has the merit of tracing a program that must not be laid aside. Life is ephemeral; fame matters little to him at this moment. But his family will have the consolation of a heritage more precious than fortune, that of his talent, his prestige, of his political and administrative worth.”

PROFESSOR THOMAS ALBERT STARKEY.

Professor Thomas Albert Starkey, a well known educator, lecturer and physician of Montreal, was born in Hertford, England, a son of Thomas Starkey. His early education was obtained in his native town and in 1894 he was graduated from London University with the degree of M. D. Subsequently he pursued a course in the University Collegiate Hospital in London and was house surgeon at the Brompton Hospital. Subsequently he was sent to India to carry on researches and promote the cure and prevention of the plague and cholera. He worked in the Imperial Research Laboratory in Bombay from 1899 until 1901 and afterward was given charge, under the sanitary commission, of the entire hygienic condition of two large districts, his labors there being of inestimable value in improving existing conditions.

On his return to England Dr. Starkey pursued public health work in the laboratory of University College at London and was also bacteriologist of the London county council. He came to the new world in 1902, being appointed in November of that year professor of hygiene at McGill University of Montreal. In 1906 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Sanitary Institute of England and is now secretary and examiner of the local branch of the same body. In 1910 he was elected the first president of the Canada Public Health Association in which connection his efforts have been far-reaching and beneficial. Not only has he done important practice and research work, but has also written upon questions relating to the public health. He has lectured on the Ancient and Modern Methods of Water Supply--A Comparison, and on kindred subjects, all of which have to do with the public health and the prevention of disease.

In September, 1904, Dr. Starkey was united in marriage to Miss Josephine MacCullum, a daughter of the late Dr. Duncan Campbell MacCullum, and they have one son, Hugh. It would be difficult to measure the usefulness of the life work of Dr. Starkey, but the scientific world acknowledges its indebtedness to his efforts and his labors, far-reaching and effective, have been beneficial forces for humanity in various sections of the world.

CHARLES CHAPUT.

It would be difficult to find a more active business man in Montreal and one whose labors are more gratifyingly resultant than Charles Chaput, who stands as one of the most successful merchants of the metropolis, ranks among its most substantial citizens and to quote the Montreal Gazette is “a man of unimpeachable integrity.” He was born in Montreal, November 14, 1841, a son of the late Leander Chaput, who came to Montreal from L’Assomption in 1832 and in 1842 founded what is now the well known wholesale grocery house of L. Chaput, Fils & Cie, Limitee. He lived to the age of eighty-four years, passing away in 1901. His wife was Helene St. Denis, a daughter of J. B. St. Denis of Montreal.

Charles Chaput acquired his education in the best French and English schools in Montreal of the time. In 1857 at the age of sixteen years he joined his father’s firm as a junior clerk, at which time the firm was L. Chaput & Cie, and on his being made a partner in 1862 the style was changed to L. Chaput, Fils & Cie. In 1875 upon the retirement of his father Charles Chaput became the head of the firm, where he has since remained, although there have been many changes since in its personnel. In 1884 L. E. Geoffrion was admitted a partner and for years was actively interested in the conduct and management of the business. In 1896 E. St. Denis retired after having been a partner for forty years and in the same year Ferd Prudhomme was taken into partnership. In 1899 Armand Chaput and in 1909 Emile Chaput, sons of Charles Chaput, were admitted as members of the firm, which was incorporated on February 1, 1912, under name of L. Chaput, Fils & Cie, Limitee, Charles Chaput becoming president, Armand Chaput vice president and manager and Ferd Prudhomme secretary and treasurer. The house of L. Chaput, Fils & Cie, Limitee, has attained a widespread, honorable and unassailable reputation in business circles by reason of the straightforward and commendable principles employed in the conduct of its large interests.

For many years Mr. Chaput has maintained an extremely active business interest not only in the large firm of which he is now the head but also as a director in many other firms, in banks and in financial institutions. As a member of the council of the Board of Trade he has played a very important part in the work of that organization. A governor of Notre Dame Hospital, he has been largely instrumental in strengthening the finances of that splendid institution. He was for several years a director of La Banque d’Hochelaga and also of the Canada Life Insurance Company. He has been a councillor of the Chambre de Commerce and president of the Wholesale Grocers Guild. He is a director of the International Mercantile Agency, also vice president of the Montreal Business Men’s League and president of the Montreal Citizens Association and has ever taken an active interest in business matters and all things tending to promote the welfare of the city and the uplifting of humanity.

His charitable instincts and activities are broad and varied. Aside from the institutions above mentioned with which he is connected he is also a governor of the Montreal General Hospital and a member of the Montreal Dispensary. He cooperates earnestly and effectively in many movements which have for their object the alleviation of hard conditions of life for the unfortunate. In religious faith he is a Roman Catholic.

Mr. Chaput has never entered the political field, yet he has always maintained a deep and sincere interest in the political affairs of the country. Furthermore, he has played a very prominent part in municipal affairs and while not himself directly interested or a seeker of place he has been one of the leading figures in the organization of the Citizens’ Association and a sturdy exponent of municipal government through the medium of the Board of Control. He is progressive in all things, being ever ready to give his support to any movement that will tend to the improvement of conditions in Montreal.

Mr. Chaput married Rose Anne Smith, who died in September, 1883; he then married Clara Chevalier, who died in July, 1893; his third wife was L. Patoine in her maidenhood. He has a family of three sons and two daughters, all born to the first marriage. The eldest son, Rev. Father Charles Chaput, is a Jesuit priest and a professor of philosophy. The second son, Armand Chaput, is vice president of L. Chaput, Fils & Cie, Limitee. He married Juliette Auger, a daughter of J. C. Auger, formerly registrar of Montreal. The third son, Emile Chaput, is a director in the firm and married Rosalie Loranger, daughter of the Hon. Mr. Justice Loranger of Montreal. Rose Anna, the elder daughter, is the widow of Mr. Gabriel Marchand, M. P., son of the late Hon. F. G. Marchand, who was premier of the province of Quebec. Antoinette, the younger daughter, is the wife of Mr. E. Desaulniers, notary, of St. Lambert, P. Q.

Mr. Chaput holds membership in L’Association St. Jean Baptiste and in the Antiquarian and Numismatic Society--associations which show something of the nature of his interests and his delight in research work.

AIME CHASSE.

Aime Chasse, advocate, was born at St. Elphége, Yamaska County, Province of Quebec, October 9, 1886, of the marriage of Zoel Chasse, a cultivateur, and Julie (Proulx) Chasse. He studied the classics at the Seminaire de Nicolet, graduating with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1908. He studied law at Laval University in Montreal and at the same time in the office of Coderre & Coderre, in Montreal, and was admitted to the bar in July, 1912. Since the 1st of June, 1914, he has been a member of the law firm of Archambault & Chasse. Mr. Chasse has been president of the Association de la Jeunesse Conservatrice de Montreal since April 15, 1914. He has lived in Montreal since September, 1908. On January 7, 1911, he married Alphonsine Boisvert, of St. Elphége.

HON. LIEUTENANT COLONEL SIR HUGH MONTAGU ALLAN.

Clubman, sportsman and business man of marked enterprise--in these few words are summed up the life record of Sir Hugh Montagu Allan, whose interests have been many and whose activities far-reaching. To accumulate a fortune requires one kind of genius, to retain a fortune already acquired, to add to its legitimate increment and to make such use of it that its possessor may derive therefrom the greatest enjoyment and the public the greatest benefit, requires quite another kind of genius. Sir Hugh Montagu Allan belongs to that younger generation of business men of Montreal called upon to shoulder responsibilities differing materially from those resting upon their predecessors. In a broader field of enterprise they find themselves obliged to deal with affairs of greater magnitude and to solve more difficult and complicated financial and economic problems.

Such was the position in which Sir Hugh Montagu Allan found himself following the demise of his father, Sir Hugh Allan, an eminent figure in shipping and financial circles of Canada. The mother, Matilda Caroline (Smith) Allan, was the second daughter of the late John Smith, a prominent merchant of Montreal and it was in this city that Sir Hugh Montagu Allan was born October 13, 1860. His education acquired in Bishop’s College School at Lennoxville, was supplemented by study in Paris, France. He was a young man of but twenty-two years at the time of his father’s death and under the terms of his father’s will entered the firm of H. & A. Allan, steamship agents. It was in the latter connection that they established the Allan Line of steamships, then and now the most important factor in passenger service and freight carrying trade between Great Britain and Canada. More and more he has come into prominence, as he has given proof of his power to carefully, systematically, wisely and successfully promote the important interests of mammoth corporate concerns. He is today president of the Merchants Bank of Canada, the Acadia Coal Company, the Railway Securities Company, and vice president of the Canada Paper Company and the Canadian Vickers, Limited. His name is on the directorate of the Montreal Light, Heat & Power Company, the Ogilvie Flour Mills Company, the Canadian Transfer Company, the Labrador Company, the Dominion Iron & Steel Company, the Dominion Steel Corporation, the Mutual Life Association Company of Canada, the Canadian Cottons, Limited, the Royal Trust Company, the Montreal Investment Trust and the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company of Montreal.

In December, 1878, he assumed the name of Hugh Montagu instead of Hugh Andrew Allan, by which he was previously known. Long connected with the Montreal Board of Trade, he served as a counselor for several years and as its treasurer in 1891 and 1892. Further interests of a public character which have profited by his cooperation include the Montreal Horticultural and Fruit Growing Association, of which he is a director and St. Andrew’s Society, of which he is president. His prominence as a sportsman is indicated in the fact that he is an ex-master of the Montreal Hunt. His horses have won the Queen’s plate, the Montreal hunt cup, members’ plate and hunters’ handicap steeplechase cup. Sir Hugh Montagu Allan is now president of the Montreal Jockey Club, vice president of the Canadian Racing Association and director of the International Horse Show Association. He was formerly vice president of the Montreal Racket Club and a director of the Montreal Skating Association and the Amateur Skating Association of Canada. His activities have touched many benevolent and charitable projects. He has been a director of the Sailors’ Institute, the Charity Organization Society, the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and is vice president of the Montreal General Hospital. He gave five thousand dollars to the Charles Alexander Memorial Fund and the Allan Cup as a perpetual trophy for competition between amateur hockey clubs in 1910. He is one of the founders of the Mount Royal Club and the Winter Club at Montreal.

In October, 1893, Sir Hugh Montagu Allan wedded Marguerite Ethel Mackenzie, a daughter of the late Hector Mackenzie of Montreal. She was elected a member of the Central Council Victoria League at London, England, in 1909, and is honorary president of the Daughters of the Empire in Montreal. Sir Hugh and Lady Allan at their Montreal home, Ravenscrag, entertained H. R. H. Prince Arthur of Connaught in 1906, and H. I. H. Prince Fushimi of Japan in 1907. Sir Hugh was presented to the late King Edward in March, 1910, and Lady Allan was presented in July, 1906. He was knighted June 24, 1904, became C. V. O. in 1907, and Order of the Rising Sun of Japan (third class) in 1907. He was appointed honorable lieutenant colonel of the First Battalion, Fifth Regiment, Royal Highlanders, in 1911. His religious faith is that of the Presbyterian church. In addition to Ravenscrag in Montreal, Sir Hugh has a summer home, Montrose, at Cacouna, and another estate, Allancroft, in Beaconsfield, province of Quebec. That he is an eminent and well known figure in club circles is indicated by the fact that he belongs to the St. James Club, Mount Royal Club, Canada Club, Auto and Aero Club, Montreal Hunt, Montreal Jockey Club, Winter Club, Royal Montreal Golf Club, Royal St. Lawrence Yacht Club, Canadian Club, Forest and Stream Club, Lachine Boating and Canoeing Club, Montreal Curling Club, Back River Polo Club, Montreal Racket Club, Montreal Thistle Curling Club, all of Montreal; Toronto Club, York Club of Toronto; Rideau Club, of Ottawa; Racquet and Tennis Club and Knickerbocker Club, of New York; and Junior Carlton Club, Canada Club, and Royal Thames Yacht Club, of London, England.

The subjective and objective forces of life are in him well balanced, making him cognizant of his own capabilities and powers, while at the same time he thoroughly understands his opportunities and his obligations. To make his native talents subserve the demands which conditions of society impose at the present time is the purpose of his life, and by reason of the mature judgment which characterizes his efforts at all times, he stands today with those whose activity in various lines does not exclude active participation in and support of other vital interests which go to make up human existence.

LOUIS EDOUARD FORTIER, M. D.

Dr. Louis Edouard Fortier, one of the most prominent of the French physicians of Montreal, was born in the city of Quebec, February 11, 1865, a son of Edouard and Celina (Marcotte) Fortier. The paternal grandfather, Louis Fortier, was a farmer and was the founder of the village of Fortierville, while his son Edouard was a merchant in the city of Quebec.

The family removed to Montreal during the Doctor’s boyhood and both parents passed away in this city. Two brothers of Dr. Fortier are still living: one, Dr. Joseph Emile, is one of the busiest medical practitioners of Montreal; the other, Joseph Auguste, a well known writer, after having traveled all around the world settled in India about fifteen years ago, and is principal and superintendent of the Agha Engineering School, in Fyzabad, Oudh.

Dr. Fortier was educated in the Jesuit College of Montreal, after which he studied medicine in Victoria University, being graduated therefrom with the degree of M. D. in the class of 1889. He was at once appointed demonstrator of anatomy at Victoria University and physician to the Hospital Hôtel-Dieu. These positions he filled in addition to attending to his private practice, which has been extensive from the beginning, and he has been regular physician to the Hôtel-Dieu since 1889. After some years devoted to active practice, he further continued the study of his profession in Paris and London, coming in touch with the work of eminent physicians and surgeons in both cities. He ranks high in hospital work and is widely recognized as a learned and able member of the profession, who is constantly promoting his knowledge through reading, research and investigation. He is also classed with the able educators and at the present time is professor of pharmacology and therapeutics in Laval University.

A scholar and a good writer, Dr. Fortier has been during many years editor of La Gazette Médicale de Montréal, the official organ of the Victoria University Medical School in Montreal before the affiliation of this school with Laval University. Since that time, besides many valuable contributions to medical reviews, Dr. Fortier published a few years ago a Handbook of Medicine for Nurses, and last year a Manual of Pharmacology,--according to the British Pharmacopœia, this last book being especially for the use of students and young practitioners.

Dr. Fortier is an active social worker and is particularly interested in the work of medical dispensaries. He is now medical director of the Institut Bruchési, founded for the treatment of tubercular patients; medical superintendent of the Sacred Heart Hospital for the Indians, at Caughnawaga; and chief director of the dispensaries of l’Assistance Maternelle, instituted to provide attendance to the sick women of the poorer classes.

Dr. Fortier married Miss Emma Mathieu of Lachenaie and to them have been born two sons, Louis Edouard and Jacques Emile. Madame Fortier belongs to one of the oldest French-Canadian families of this country and is favorably known in social as well as charitable circles of this city.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL JOSEPH P. COOKE.

On the list of those whom death has recently called appears the name of Lieutenant Colonel Joseph P. Cooke, whose career in political and military life was a notable one. Liberal educational opportunities and thorough training qualified him for the bar, and he was recognized as an able and learned member of the profession. His abilities recommended him for political leadership and he was called to important public offices. Quebec numbered him among her native sons, his birth having occurred in Drummondville in 1858. His father was Valentine Cooke and his grandfather, an officer in the army, received a land grant from the British government in recognition of his services.

Lieutenant Colonel Cooke attended St. Francis College in Richmond, there pursuing his more specifically literary education, while in McGill University he prepared for the bar and was graduated B. C. L. in 1880. The following year he was called to the bar of Montreal and entered upon active practice in partnership with Charles Brookes, K. C. Subsequently he began practice independently and was widely recognized as a strong and able lawyer, whose legal counsel was sound and whose powers of discrimination and analyzation enabled him to readily master all the details of his cases and win success in their conduct. In 1893 he was created king’s counsel.

While in the practice of law Colonel Cooke passed far beyond the point of mediocrity and won place with the capable members of the Montreal bar. He was also active as a political leader and participated in many of the contests of his day. Originally his support was given the conservative party and as its candidate he won the seat for Drummond county in 1892, remaining a member of the provincial house throughout the session. He was ever fearless in support of his honest convictions, however, and when he was led to change his opinions by reason of his study of political conditions and situations he did not hesitate to become a liberal and in 1897 contested the seat for St. Lawrence division, but was defeated by A. W. Atwater, K. C. Soon after the election he was named crown prosecutor and acted in that capacity with Rudolph Lemieux, K. C. He was succeeded in the position by Edmund Guerin, K. C., now the Hon. Justice Guerin. In 1907 Colonel Cooke was named registrar for Montreal West and continued in that position until his demise. While in the legislature he was instrumental in securing the passage of a bill prohibiting the sale or use of tobacco or opium to or by minors. He never hesitated to advocate the principles which he deemed beneficial measures in good government or factors in the welfare and progress of city and province.

Colonel Cooke’s connection with military affairs began when he joined the volunteer militia service, in which he was advanced through positions of minor rank until he assumed command of the First Regiment, Prince of Wales Fusiliers. After five years, or in 1903, he retired and was placed on the R. O. with his rank. He commanded the Bisley team in 1898. In 1902 Colonel Cooke was presented to the present king and queen at St. James’ palace. He was also presented to King Edward and by invitation was present in Westminster Abbey at the coronation of the late King Edward and Queen Alexandra in 1902.

In 1880 Colonel Cooke married Miss Helen Grace Burnett, a niece of the late Archbishop Bond, and they became the parents of a daughter and two sons. Violet Burnett; Herbert G., who was educated in the city schools and McGill University and is connected with the office of registrar of Montreal West; A. Douglas, educated in the city schools and McGill University, is now connected with the engineering department of the Canadian Pacific Railway. He married Nita K. Wallace. The death of Colonel Cooke occurred on the 28th of July, 1913, when he was but fifty-five years of age. His record is one of usefulness in the public service, of devotion to the interests of his clients and of fidelity to the ties of home and friendship.

EDMUND HOLYOKE HEWARD.

A few years prior to his death Edmund Holyoke Heward of Montreal retired from active business. He had been prominently connected with banking interests, and his colleagues remember him as a man of progressive spirit and marked capacity for handling the multiplicity of details as well as the principal features that arise in connection with the banking business. The family name figures in the military history of the country. His grandfather, Stephen Heward, was in command of a force of men at the capture of Fort Detroit. The father, Augustus Heward, was associated with Lieutenant Colonel Osborne Smith in founding the Victoria Volunteer Rifles, now the Third Victoria Rifles, of which Lieutenant Colonel Smith became the first commander, while Mr. Heward became the first major, but subsequently succeeded to the command.

Edmund H. Heward was born in the family residence at Cote des Neiges, in 1841. He was educated under Dr. Howe at the Montreal high school and entered into the wholesale hardware business of Mulholland & Baker when in his teens. His initial business experience came through several years’ connection with that house, at the end of which time he entered the service of the Merchants Bank of Canada, with which he was associated for more than thirty years. Gradual advancement brought him to an eminent position in banking circles. He possessed unusual ability in co-ordinating forces and unifying elements into a harmonious whole. For some time he was manager of the St. Johns (Quebec) branch of the bank, but afterward returned to Montreal and established the Notre Dame Street branch and later the St. Catherine West branch of the same bank. As the years passed on every feature of the banking business became familiar to him, and his thorough understanding thereof was manifest in his executive direction and capable control. He retired a few years prior to his death, possessed of a handsome competence that was the legitimate and logical reward of his effort and capability.

Mr. Heward married Miss Alice Ward, a daughter of the late Hon. J. K. Ward of Montreal, and unto them were born six children. Mr. Heward joined his father’s old regiment, the Victoria Rifles, with which he went to the front in the last Fenian raid and was present at the affair at Pigeon Hill. He was a handsome man of fine physique and unfailing courtesy--a gentleman of the old school. His death on May 17, 1910, occasioned deep regret in both the business and social circles of Montreal.

ROBERT BRUCE TAYLOR, D. D.

Rev. Robert Bruce Taylor, author and minister of the gospel and since 1911 pastor of St. Paul’s Presbyterian church in Montreal, was born in Cardross, Scotland, October 22, 1869. He acquired his education in Glasgow University, from which he was graduated M. A. with the class of 1890, and he afterward was a student in the Free Church College. After completing this course he entered Gottingen University and later studied Arabic at Beirut and Damascus. He was a student in three German theological schools and prepared most thoroughly for his chosen life work. After his ordination he was placed in charge of the Loudoun Free Church in Ayrshire and was transferred from there to Ferryhill, Aberdeen. His third charge was at St. John’s Wood, London, England, whence in 1911 he came to Montreal, assuming his present duties as pastor of St. Paul’s Presbyterian church. This is one of the oldest Presbyterian congregations in the city, having been organized in 1832 by Edward Black, D. D. The church was located on St. Helen’s Street until 1867, in January of which year the erection of the present edifice was begun. The church was dedicated September 27, 1868, and cost $100,000. The first pastor, Dr. Edward Black, died in May, 1845, and was succeeded by Robert McGill, who passed away in 1856. Dr. Snodgrass then had charge of the congregation until 1864 and his successor was Dr. Jenkins, who remained in charge from 1865 to 1881. Dr. Barkley did able and capable work from 1883 until 1910, being succeeded by Rev. Robert Bruce Taylor, the present incumbent. The congregation has numbered among its members such distinguished men as Lord Strathcona and Lord Mount Stephen and it numbers now eight hundred souls. Its affairs are in a flourishing and prosperous condition for Dr. Taylor administers them ably and in a way which shows him a man of excellent executive and organizing power as well as a zealous and untiring religious worker. He has organized a club of girls working in stores in the city and has also a Men’s Club, both of which organizations have been fruitful of much good.

Dr. Taylor married a daughter of Professor McKendrick, LL. D., of Glasgow, Scotland, and both are well known in social circles in Montreal. Dr. Taylor is a writer of considerable reputation and besides being the author of a book on Economics, written for the Student Christian Movement, has contributed largely to serial publications on religious and historical topics, accomplishing such able and farsighted work in the interests of his religion that he has been called “the crown jewel of a Presbyterian minister.”

CHARLES AUGUSTE DE LOTBINIERE HARWOOD, K. C.

Charles Auguste de Lotbinière Harwood, a lawyer of the Montreal bar, who prepared for practice at McGill and is now a member of the well known firm of Lighthall & Harwood, was born at Vaudreuil, P. Q., August 2, 1869, his parents being Robert William and Charlotte (McGillis) Harwood. The father was member of parliament for Vaudreuil in the house of commons from 1872 until 1878. The mother was a daughter of John McGillis, laird of Williamstown, Glengarry, Ontario. The Harwoods are closely connected with the de Lotbinière family and are seigneurs of Vaudreuil.

Liberal educational opportunities equipped Charles A. Harwood for the duties of a professional career. He was educated at St. Laurent College and Laval University. His professional training was received at McGill University, from which he was graduated B. C. L. in 1893. He became an advocate in 1895 and is now actively engaged in the practice of his profession in Montreal as a member of the law firm of Lighthall & Harwood. His ability is evidenced in the success which has attended his efforts in the trial of important cases, which he has ever prepared with great thoroughness and care. In October, 1911, he was made a king’s counsel, his ability thus winning recognition.

In politics Mr. Harwood is a liberal-conservative, and his activity in behalf of the principles in which he believes has been an effective force in the attainment of success. He served as secretary of the Conservative Association in the county of Vaudreuil and became a recognized leader of his party. He has been intimately connected with the municipal reform movements of Montreal and served first as a director, then as recording secretary and is now serving as vice president of the Montreal Citizens’ Association.

In September, 1898, occurred the marriage of Mr. Harwood and Miss Marie Adelaide Masson, a daughter of the late Hon. L. R. Masson, lieutenant governor of Quebec. They reside at No. 162 Hutchison Street, Montreal, and have a summer home, Les Chenaux, at Vaudreuil. Mr. Harwood belongs to the Liberal-Conservative Club of Montreal and is a past president of the Cartier Club of Montreal. He also has membership in the Historical Landmarks Association, and after having been for many years honorary recording secretary is now a vice president of the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society of Montreal. He has delved deep into the historic past and is the author of various valuable historical papers, including one entitled The Fort Garry Convention. His religious belief is that of the Roman Catholic church. A man of broad intelligence and high ideals, his life record has counted for much in the field of professional and scientific progress.

MAJOR DAVID SEATH.

Major David Seath occupies an important position in the public service of the Dominion as secretary and treasurer of the harbor commission of Montreal. He is a son of the late Robert Seath, a wholesale clothing merchant of Montreal, and Margaret (Stephen) Seath. Born in Montreal on May 9, 1847, he subsequently attended the high school in this city and the parish school at Ste. Rose, province of Quebec. In 1864 he entered the employ of his father and subsequently became connected with the firm of Tyre, Perkins & Lajoie, accountants and assignees, of which he subsequently became a member under the firm style of Lajoie, Seath & Perrault, which was formed in 1877. The firm also was for a time known under the style of Thibaudeau & Seath, and of this firm our subject was a partner until 1895. From that year until 1898 he was president and manager of the Perrault Printing Company. At that time he was also a member of the board of license commissioners of Montreal. In 1898 he was appointed secretary and treasurer of the harbor commissioners board of Montreal, which office he has ever since held. His public record is one to be highly commended.

Mr. Seath is a justice of the peace and has to his credit a long military career in the volunteer service, his years of active duty comprising those between 1864 and 1905. He joined the Victoria Rifles as a private in 1864 and took part in the Fenian raid in 1866 and 1870, receiving in the latter year the medal and two clasps. During that time, in 1867, he was gazetted lieutenant in the Sixth Regiment, Hochelaga Light Infantry. He attained the rank of captain in the Sixth Fusiliers and in 1905 rejoined this regiment, known as the “Prince of Wales’,” as paymaster with the honorary rank of major, retiring in the same year. Besides his Fenian raids medals and clasps, he holds the colonial auxiliary forces officers’ long service decoration. He was instrumental in having the services of the volunteers for the Fenian raids recognized by the government. Besides acting as justice of the peace he is also commissioner for receiving affidavits from outside the province of Ontario to be used in Ontario and is commissioner of the superior court of the province of Quebec.

Major Seath was married in September, 1904, to Miss Emma A. Fish, of Westmount, on which occasion he was presented with a valuable service of plate by the Montreal harbor commissioners. In religious faith he is an Anglican and his political convictions incline him towards the liberal party. Mr. Seath stands high in Freemasonry, having attained the thirty-second degree. He has been grand registrar of the grand lodge of Quebec and grand scribe, grand treasurer and grand first principal of the grand chapter of Quebec. He is a Knight Templar and an officer of the A. & A. Scotish Rite. The family residence is at 95 Mackay Street, Montreal. Hon. Robert Mackay, the distinguished statesman and man of affairs, says of him: “An officer of long and faithful service who was and is always at his post”; and this statement expresses his faithfulness to duty perhaps better than anything that could be said in addition.

ALBERT E. DE LORIMIER, K. C.

Albert E. de Lorimier is a successful and distinguished lawyer of Montreal. He belongs to an old French family, one member of which, Count de Chamilly, was marshal of France, and another, Count d’Estoges de Lorimier, was executed with Louis XVI for his loyalty and devotedness to his king.

His direct ancestor in Canada, Guillaume de Lorimier, sieur des Bordes en Gatinais, came to Montreal in the seventeenth century with Governor Marquis de Denonville. His great-grandfather, Claude Guillaume de Lorimier, knight of the Royal and Military Order of St. Louis of France, distinguished himself at Fort George and at the siege of Corlar. His grandfather, Major Guillaume de Lorimier, author of “My Services During the War of the American Invasion,” served with his brother Chamilly under General Sir Guy Carleton, Lord Dorchester, on Lake Champlain in 1775. One of his uncles, Captain William de Lorimier of the Fencibles, was killed at Chrysler’s Farm in 1813.

A. E. de Lorimier was born at Sault St. Louis, in the province of Quebec, and is the son of Georges Antoine de Lorimier and Mrs. Marie L. McComber. He acquired his early education at the Huntingdon Academy, Huntingdon, completed his classics at St. Mary’s College, Montreal, and was admitted to the practice of law in July, 1885, after having graduated LL. B. from Laval University. He speaks the French and English languages fluently and equally well.

In October, 1886, he married Miss Mina de Lorimier, daughter of Mr. Justice Charles Chamilly de Lorimier of Montreal, and both are well known in social circles of this city.

Mr. de Lorimier first formed partnership with the Hon. F. X. Trudel, late Senator; N. Charbonneau, now Mr. Justice Charbonneau, and Gustave Lamothe, K. C., and later with Charles Chamilly de Lorimier, now Mr. Justice de Lorimier, and finally with D. Girouard, late justice of the supreme court of Canada. In 1896 he took the Hon. Sir Auguste R. Angers in his firm known as Angers, de Lorimier & Godin. He was created king’s counsel in 1903 and was on several occasions elected member of the council of the bar. He declined the honor to represent his native county in the Dominion parliament and to stand as an alderman in the Centre ward of Montreal, preferring to devote all his time and knowledge to his clientage. He was in his earlier days twice president of L’Union Catholique of Montreal and is a life governor of Notre Dame Hospital and of L’Ecole Sociale Populaire. He enjoys the reputation of being one of the prominent and most respected barristers in Montreal. The future, undoubtedly, holds for him still greater distinction and honor in his chosen field.

HON. JOHN YOUNG.

For twenty-five years Hon. John Young was one of the harbor commissioners of Montreal and no one did more for the development and protection of the shipping industry at this point. Indeed his whole life was largely devoted to the public service and there are few men who have the insight and the prescience to recognize possibilities and opportunities for the general good as he did and the perseverance and determination to use such opportunities for the benefit of the many. His country will ever remember him with gratitude and his friends with deep affection, for aside from his public career there were in him traits of character that endeared him closely to those with whom he came in contact through other relations. He bound his friends to him with hoops of steel when their adoption had been tried, and at all times he held friendship as something sacred and inviolable.

Born in Ayr, Scotland, March 11, 1811, Hon. John Young attended the parish school, and his aptitude in his studies was manifest in the fact that when but fourteen years of age he obtained the appointment of master of the parish school at Coylton, near Ayr, where he taught for eighteen months. He early developed the habits of industry and cheerful perseverance which characterized his after life and in 1826, when a youth of fifteen, he completed his arrangements to become a resident of Canada, attracted by favorable reports concerning the great opportunities of the new world. His initial business experience here came to him as a clerk in the employ of John Torrance and the development of his powers and capacity is shown in the fact that in 1835, when but twenty-four years of age, he became a partner of David Torrance in the firm of Torrance & Young, which for five years continued in business at Quebec.

From early manhood he was a student of the signs of the times and business never claimed his undivided attention. He carefully and systematically managed his interests, but he also found time to perform the duties of citizenship wisely and well and he became a leader of public thought and action. At an early day he urged upon Lord Gosford the forming of volunteer corps but the governor general felt there was little reason to comply with this request. It was not long, however, before events proved the soundness of his advice and when the rebellion came Mr. Young volunteered for service in a regiment of light infantry which was raised in twenty-four hours and in which he became a captain.

When his aid was no longer needed Mr. Young returned to Montreal and became a partner of Harrison Stephens in the firm of Stephens, Young & Company which occupied a prominent position in business circles of Montreal for many years. His personal interests took him largely over the west and in his travels and his study of business conditions he saw how valuable was the St. Lawrence system as a factor in the commercial history of the American continent, furnishing the course of the natural routes to the seaboard. It seemed that he never lost sight of any point bearing upon the subject which came so close to his heart--the development of the shipping industries of Montreal--and eventually he became recognized as the greatest canal authority in America.

Another important public enterprise with which he was associated at about that period was the organization and establishment of the Mercantile Library Association. Public feeling was not in sympathy with such a movement at that time and only four people were present when the system was formed. Writing of this period, a contemporary biographer has said: “The change in public feeling as to educational advantages then and now is well instanced by the fact that, besides Mr. Young, only four persons were present at the meeting when this society was commenced. In 1844 party spirit ran high and serious trouble was expected at the general election. Secret societies were in existence, and political associations formed everywhere for the purpose, as was avowed, of gaining by force what could not be secured otherwise. At such a time the post of returning officer was difficult and dangerous, and though the selection of a man to fill it might be esteemed a high compliment to his personal character, it involved also a personal risk which required the utmost coolness, determination, tact and courage in the recipient. Lord Metcalfe’s advisers selected John Young as the man for the emergency. The result soon showed that their confidence had been well placed. Mr. Young seems to have realized to the utmost the necessities and perils of the office. Fearlessly, openly and with the utmost judgment, he laid his plans so well and used the powers of his position to such effect that, contrary to all expectation, the election passed off without any breach of the peace. He seized arms and other illegal weapons wherever they could be found, and without regard to threats. When the secret societies became openly defiant he called out the troops, who were ably managed by him, and overawed the disorderly and turbulent so effectually that no rioting took place. Mr. Young’s services were so highly appreciated by Lord Metcalfe that they were mentioned in the despatches sent to the Colonial office and were the subject of special acknowledgment by the secretary of state for the colonies. They were also warmly testified to by Sir James Hope, who was then commander in chief at Montreal.”

Another important phase in Canadian life that called forth the attention and the cooperation of Mr. Young was the principle of free trade. He was one of its most stalwart champions, and upon the organization of the Free Trade Association in this city he became its president. He was a frequent contributor of articles upon the subject to the Economist and to other papers and also wrote pamphlets which had an important effect upon public thought and action. He believed that the adoption of free trade measures would constitute the most effective force in making Canada a great commercial and business center. At times in his life his ideas were ridiculed as those of a dreamer, but the years proved the soundness of his vision and men came to rely upon his opinion.

His connection with the harbor work and the improvement of the channel between Montreal and Quebec began in 1846 and later occupied much of his time and attention. He was active, too, with those who were foremost in furthering the railroad built, and he was one of the organizers of the Montreal & Portland Railway Company and also active in promoting the line from Montreal to Toronto, as president of the company having that in charge. The work was of a most difficult nature, for the promoters had to solve at least in part the great engineering problems of railroad building and not merely finance the project. It was Mr. Young who proposed the building of a bridge across the St. Lawrence. Again well known business men scoffed at the plan but the Victoria bridge stands as a monument to his public spirit and his enterprise, and has converted Montreal from a fifth rate harbor into a first class port at a distance from the seaboard without a parallel in the world. Mr. Young’s keen appreciation of the capabilities of engineering as a profession and his confidence in the application of education and trained reason to the overcoming of all natural and mechanical difficulties which always was noticeable in his intercourse with the professional men with whom his life brought him into contact, was beyond doubt one of the most effective means of securing consideration for this work and of urging on the genius of Stephenson to an achievement then supposed to be impossible. Men believed Mr. Young to be visionary when he attempted the task of sounding the river that he might point out the exact situation where the bridge should be built and which it actually occupies. It was at about the same period that he devised a plan for the Caughnawaga canal whereby to connect the St. Lawrence river and Lake Champlain and thus secure another outlet to the sea. His efforts were a notable force in making Montreal a grain shipping center and when the St. Lawrence canals were opened in 1849 he sent the first cargo of merchandise from Montreal to Chicago and brought back the first cargo of American grain. The rapid growth of shipping at this point and certain trouble that arose concerning the unloading of vessels impressed upon Mr. Young the need of a harbor police and he presented the matter so forcefully to the government that a water police force was created.

In 1851 Mr. Young by popular suffrage was made the representative of his district in parliament and in October of that year became chief commissioner of public works and a member of the board of railway commissioners in the Hincks-Tache administration. He advocated the building of a railroad from Halifax to Quebec and Montreal and thence westward. His plans were not adopted at that time and only came to fruition in 1877. In the same year he strongly urged the establishment of a fortnightly mail service between Montreal and Liverpool in the summer and between Portland and Liverpool in the winter. In 1854 he was again made the Montreal representative in parliament, where he entered earnestly upon the work of chairman of the committee on public accounts. In 1857 he declined to again stand for parliament, but it was impossible for one of his nature to retire from public life so conscientious was he regarding the duties of citizenship. In 1860 he retired from business with a handsome fortune and the same year was chosen chairman of the committee of arrangements for the most gigantic and successful series of entertainments ever held in Montreal up to that time on the occasion of the visit of His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, afterward King Edward. About that time Mr. Young went to Scotland for the further education of his family, returning in 1862. In 1863 he was the nominee of the liberal party for Montreal West, but was defeated. In that year, however, he was made a commissioner to Washington to consider the reciprocity treaty.

All of these activities, although important, were less so than his life work in making Montreal a seaport and improving the navigation of the St. Lawrence. No other single project has so greatly benefited the city and this section of the country. The name of the Hon. John Young will always be connected with its successful accomplishment and he is entitled to the grateful remembrance of the citizens of Montreal for all time. He had the opportunity of furthering his projects and plans of this kind through his membership on the harbor board. As the result of his efforts Montreal ceased to be a mere landing place for boatmen and became a great shipping port. He had the greatest faith in the possibilities of the growth of Montreal and with it the progress of the Dominion and urged that this would be brought about through the development of the St. Lawrence, which he claimed to be the natural outlet for the western part of the United States as well as for the products of western Canada. As the result of his untiring labors in 1843 the government determined to deepen Lake St. Peter but very little was done until 1851. In 1854 Mr. Young entered upon active measures to promote the work and by persistent efforts the channel was deepened to sixteen feet in 1857 and still further the work was continued until the channel depth became twenty-two feet. Statistics could be cited showing how year by year the shipping was increased after the work of river and harbor improvements was begun. No other man did as much as Mr. Young in urging these great improvements of the water communications connecting Montreal with the sea. In all of his public service he looked beyond the exigencies of the moment to the possibilities and opportunities of the future, beyond the needs of his city and immediate district to the questions affecting the entire Dominion. In 1875 he served as chairman of the Baie Verte canal commission and returned a most exhaustive and valuable report. He was also the promoter of dock extension and secured the services of the most eminent engineers of Europe and America to carry forward the work.

Mr. Young’s prominence as a business man and public-spirited citizen is further indicated in the fact that he was many times elected president of the Montreal Board of Trade and was the first president of the Dominion Board of Trade. After he had long retired from parliament the members induced him to once more stand for election, and he was returned by a most flattering majority. In 1873 he would not consent to again become a candidate and on the reorganization of the harbor board he was reelected its chairman. His entire service on the board covered a quarter of a century and during fourteen years of that time he was chairman. His last public service was as commissioner for Canada to the exposition in Sydney, Australia, whereby trade relations between Canada and Australia were largely promoted as the result of the reports which he made concerning the latter country.

Time gives the perspective which places each individual in his proper relation to his age. It is a well known fact that investigation will but serve to heighten the fame of John Young, for history has proven how valuable were his efforts, how far reaching his activities, how clear his insight and how sound his judgment. Today his name is inscribed high on the roll of Montreal’s honored dead, while his memory is enshrined in the hearts of many who knew him.

JOHN GORDON.

John Gordon, founder of the wholesale dry-goods commission house of John Gordon & Son, of Montreal, was born in Aberdeen, Scotland, December 12, 1833. He was a young man of twenty years when in 1853 he came to Montreal to enter the employ of the old and well known firm of William Stephen & Company. He was afterward a member of the firm of James Roy & Company and from December, 1891, until his death, which occurred on the 12th of October, 1895, he was at the head of the wholesale house of John Gordon & Son. His advancement was continuous, and the steps in his orderly progression are easily discernible. His career was one of constantly broadening activity, and his developing powers contributed to the importance and extent of his achievements. Few men have gained higher esteem and respect, and he left to his family the rich heritage of an untarnished name, won through business integrity and kindly courtesy, constituting an example that others might profitably emulate.

Mr. Gordon was a member of the Board of Trade and was interested in municipal affairs to the extent of giving hearty cooperation to various plans and projects for the public good. His life was actuated in its purposes by his Christian faith, which found expression in his membership in the Erskine Presbyterian church.

Mr. Gordon married Miss Jane Roy, a daughter of James Roy, and they became parents of three sons, Charles B., James R. and William G. R. The second named, who was his father’s partner in the firm of John Gordon & Son and is now head of the business, was born in Montreal, January 7, 1870, and pursued his education in this city. Making his initial step in the business world, he was for four years with the house of George D. Ross & Company, manufacturers’ agents, and in 1891 he joined his father in organizing the firm and instituting the business of John Gordon & Son. The establishment remains today as one of the foremost wholesale dry-goods commission houses of Montreal, with trade connections that lead to all provinces of the Dominion.

James R. Gordon was married to Miss Catherine McIntyre, and they have three children, J. Archibald, J. Kenneth and Bruce McIntyre. Mr. Gordon’s deep interest in the material development of the city is indicated in his membership in the Board of Trade and the Chambre de Commerce. He is also a member of St. James and other clubs.

DAVID ROSS MCCORD.

The unusual gifts of ready wit and great culture of David Ross McCord have made him a man of influence not only in the legal profession but in connection with various important public events and questions. Montreal numbers him among her native sons, his birth having occurred in this city March 18, 1844. The ancestry of the family in Canada is traced back to John McCord, who came from Antrim, Ireland, during the early settlement of the province of Quebec. The father of David R. McCord was the late Lieutenant Colonel Hon. John Samuel McCord, who became a judge of the superior court of Lower Canada and was recognized as one of the distinguished jurists of his day. He married Anne, a daughter of David Ross, an advocate of Montreal.

In the acquirement of his education David R. McCord attended successively the Montreal high school, McGill University, which conferred upon him the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1862 and the degrees of Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law in 1867; and Bishop’s Collegiate University of Lennoxville, which conferred upon him the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1864. In 1868 he was called to the bar and entered at once upon active practice. In 1895 he was created king’s counselor by the Earl of Aberdeen. From the outset of his professional career his advancement has been continuous and long since he has reached a foremost position among the advocates of Montreal. He finds ready and correct solution for intricate and involved legal problems and possesses rare analytical and inductive powers.

The question of public policy as set forth by the political parties of the day are of deep interest to him and at one time he was secretary of the Liberal-Conservative Association. For many years he served as one of the aldermen of Montreal and exercised his official prerogatives in support of various measures and movements for the benefit and improvement of the city. In 1901 he advocated the appointment of a Canadian as governor general of the Dominion. Aside from his interest in his profession and the public questions of the day he has been a close student of natural history and has formed at his residence the nucleus of a natural museum. His religious faith is that of the Anglican church. Today his opinions are accepted as authority upon all matters relating to the annals of the country and of him the Montreal Herald said: “He probably has a more intimate knowledge of early Canadian history than any other man living.” His studious habits have brought him familiarity with a wide range of subjects, and his scholarly attainments have gained him place among the respected and honored residents of Montreal.

INDEX

Adami, J. G., 301

Allan, Sir Hugh, 635

Allan, Sir H. M., 660

Allan, John, 295

Almond, J. M., 215

Ames, H. B., 618

Angers, E.-R., 562

Angus, D. F., 554

Angus, R. B., 5

Angus, W. F., 537

Archambault, A. S., 418

Archambault, J. B., 632

Archambault, J. L., 19

Archibald, J. S., 488

Ardley, W. H., 151

Arnton, J. J., 609

Asselin, Joseph, 502

Asselin, J. F. O., 501

Asselin, N. H., 508

Atherton, W. H., 648

Avard, J. G., 489

Badeaux, L. G., 505

Badgley, J. C. N., 20

Bagg Family, 406

Barlow, J. R., 169

Barron, R. H., 98

Baudouin, Philibert, 37

Beaudin, Simeon, 638

Beaudoin, Louis, 368

Beaudry, J. P., 355

Becket, R. A., 216

Bélanger, Leandre, 586

Bell, James, 14

Bennett, James, 422

Benoit, D. A., 526

Benson, G. F., 87

Bernier, Charles, 620

Berryer-Saint-Pierre, H. C., 550

Biron, Edouard, 436

Bissonnet, A. E. J., 479

Black, C. M., 119

Blaiklock, M. S., 139

Bloomfield, Baruch, 314

Bloomfield, Harry, 297

Bolton, W. E., 80

Bond, W. L., 216

Bonin, J. A., 412

Bourgault, J. A., 170

Boyd, L. H., 465

Boyer, Aurelien, 205

Briggs, C. A., 156

Brisset des Nos, Paul, 580

Brodeur, Donat, 273

Brophy, J. C., 398

Brossard, Edmond, 358

Brosseau, A. S., 523

Brown, E. N., 620

Brown, G. A., 31

Browne, A. A., 266

Browne, Fitz-James E., 579

Browning, J. M., 144

Buchan, J. S., 239

Buchanan, A. W. P., 473

Buller, Frank, 105

Bulmer, T. C., 398

Burke, David, 129

Busby, Thomas, 566

Byrd, Charles, 176

Cahan, C. H., 585

Cameron, A. G., 235

Cameron, J. C., 506

Campbell, A. H., 490

Campbell, D. W., 279

Campbell, F. W., 63

Campbell, G. A., 434

Campbell, M. A., 598

Campbell, Rollo, 58

Cantile, G. S., 559

Cassils, A. M., 240

Caverhill, George, 65

Champagne, E. O., 590

Chaput, Charles, 656

Charbonneau, Napoleon, 517

Charters, Frank, 174

Chaussé, J. A., 373

Chasse, Aime, 660

Cholette, Edouard, 284

Choquet, F. X., 594

Cleghorn, J. P., 145

Clouston, Sir E. S., 32

Cohen, Hirsch, 296

Cohen, Lyon, 624

Cooke, J. P., 665

Cotton, C. M., 92

Cousineau, Philemon, 230

Couture, J. A., 161

Cramp, G. B., 188

Creak, George, 380

Creelman, J. J., 430

Crépeau, F. G., 520

Curran, J. J., 260

Cushing, Dougall, 53

Dale, J. A., 350

Daly, George, 357

Daoust, Maxime, 519

David, L. O., 382

Davidson, Thornton, 80

Davis, H. W., 103

Davis, M. B., 375

Dawes, A. J., 192

Dawson, T. J., 369

Day, J. G., 387

Decary, E. R., 242

Decary, L. J. T., 310

DeCew, J. A., 334

Deguire, A. S., 606

Delisle, Arthur, 98

de Lorimier, A. E., 672

de Martigny, R. L., 517

Desautels, Oscar, 363

Desbarats, G. E., 469

Descarries, J. A., 38

Desjardins, J. L., 296

de Sola, Abraham, 69

de Sola, C. I., 571

Desroches, J. I., 493

Dickson, Norval, 69

Dillon, John, 164

Dodds, W. O. H., 59

Donnelly, J. E., 356

Drouin, Joseph, 544

Drummond, Sir G. A., 304

Dubreuil, J. F., 180

Duclos, C. A., 212

Dufresne, A. B., 211

Dupuis, J. N. O., 376

Dupuis, L. N., 88

Dupuis, P. L., 400

Dupuis, Rosaire, 448

Dussault, J. C. H., 241

Ecrement, Arthur, 174

Edgar, John, 252

Eliott, G. O. R., 205

Elliot, James, 158

Elliott, H. J., 598

Emard, J. U., 531

Emery-Coderre, Joseph, 574

England, F. R., 132

Evans, W. N., 381

Ewing, A. S., 131

Ewing, S. H., 483

Ewing, W. H., 421

Findlay, W. E., 380

Fineberg, Zigmond, 625

Fontaine, D. A., 499

Forbes, J. G. L., 478

Forest, Alfred, 495

Forget, L. J., 112

Forget, Sir Rodolphe, 577

Fortier, L. E., 662

Fowler, Robert, 273

Frigon, A. P., 286

Gadbois-Van dan Daigue, Emilien, 532

Gagnier, L. A., 556

Gale, Samuel, 54

Gauthier, Thomas, 538

Geoffrion, Aime, 361

Geoffrion, Amedee, 623

Gibeault, Arthur, 525

Giroux, Napoleon, 399

Gohier, Edouard, 573

Gohier, Remi, Sr., 418

Gonthier, Georges, 100

Gordon, C. B., 464

Gordon, John, 678

Gordon, J. A., 271

Gordon, Nathan, 283

Gouin, Sir Lomer, 583

Gould, C. H., 272

Grandbois, H. A. E., 252

Gravel, J. O., 18

Gravel, Ludger, 344

Gray, H. R., 11

Greene, David, 99

Guerin, J. J. E., 130

Guertin, C. A., 338

Guimond, J. L. A., 97

Guindon, J. M., 644

Guy Family, 415

Guyon, Louis, 42

Hadrill, George, 43

Hague, George, 322

Hamilton, W. F., 83

Hannaford, E. P., 439

Hart, A. J., 111

Hart, R. A. B., 111

Harwood, C. A. de L., 668

Hastings, George, 349

Hastings, W. A., 93

Hawksworth, Alfred, 403

Hayes, C. A., 167

Hays, C. M., 44

Hébert, Albert, 484

Hébert, C. P., 328

Hébert, E. N., 233

Hébert, René, 338

Hébert, Zéphirin, 364

Heffernan, T. F., 562

Henderson, L. L., 285

Henry, A. C., 86

Henshaw, H. H., 379

Heward, E. H., 666

Hibbard, F. W., 198

Hickson, Sir Joseph, 614

Hill, C. G., 254

Hingston, Sir W. H., 641

Hogan, Henry, 152

Holgate, Henry, 555

Hope, W. H., 223

Hopper, R. T., 428

Hunt, T. S., 194

Hurtubise, Gabriel, 187

Hutchison, A. C., 274

Inglis, R. J., 463

Jamieson, R. C., 440

Johnston, James, 12

Kavanagh, A. O., 446

Kavanagh, Walter, 393

La Badie, J. A. O., 524

Labelle, A. E. D., 416

Lacasse, N. U., 104

Lacasse, P.-C., 265

Lachapelle, E. P., 182

Ladouceur, B. N., 245

Lafontaine, Adrien, 387

Lamarche, J. P., 613

Latour, L. D., 280

Laurendeau, Charles, 512

Learmont, J. B., 218

Leclerc, C. E., 64

Leduc, F. G., 319

Legare, J. B. D., 268

Letourneau, Severin, 345

Lighthall, W. D., 542

Linton, Robert, 445

Loranger, L. J., 393

Loranger, L. O., 589

Lovell, R. K., 59

Lyall, Peter, 210

Lyman, Charles, 560

McArthur, Colin, 466

McCaskill, D. A., 480

McConnell, J. B., 298

McCord, D. R., 681

McDonald, Duncan, 613

McDougall, Thomas, 267

McKenna, James, 428

McKenna, Patrick, 424

McShane, G. F. J., 567

McShane, James, 631

Macaulay, T. B., 405

MacCallum, D. C., 411

Macdonald, J. K., 441

MacDougall, D. L., 417

MacDougall, G. C., 240

Macfarlane, Lawrence, 362

Mackay, Hugh, 289

MacMahon, T. J., 332

Maguire, C. H., 392

Mann, J. A., 530

Manson, A. C., 331

Marechal, L. T., 502

Martin, J. E., 167

Martin, R. D., 94

Martineau, J. F. V., 430

Mathieu, Michel, 84

Matthews, G. H., 126

Maxwell, W. S., 340

Mayrand, Georges, 566

Meighen, Robert, 74

Melancon, Bernard, 187

Mercier, Honore, Jr., 494

Mercier, Honore, 544

Mercier, P. E., 604

Michaud, Alexander, 140

Michaud, J. L., 529

Michaud, J. W., 530

Miles, Henry, 388

Mitchell, John, 313

Mitchell, V. E., 150

Monette, G. A., 518

Morgan, F. C., 637

Morgan, Henry & Co., Ltd., 629

Morgan, James, 605

Montgomery, G. H. A., 352

Monty, Rodolphe, 303

Morin, Victor, 248

Morrice, David, 179

Moyse, C. E., 321

Mullin, Patrick, 447

Mullin, R. T., 511

Mussen, Thomas, 209

Nicholls, A. G., 125

O’Connor, James, 224

Ogden, I. G., 584

Ogilvie, W. W., 106

O’Meara, William, 367

Orr-Lewis, Frederic, 561

Ouimet, J. A., 199

Ouimet, Seraphin, 410

Patenaude, E. L., 488

Paterson, William, 496

Paterson, W. S., 356

Paton, James, 514

Patterson, William, 647

Perham, L. D., 424

Phillips, C. S. J., 234

Phillips, Thomas, 434

Phillips, Thomas, Jr., 422

Piché, J. G., 487

Pigeon, R. A. J., 376

Pillow, H. W., 609

Pillow, J. A., 157

Pratt, John, 120

Prefontaine, Isaie, 60

Préfontaine, Raymond, 651

Prendergast, W. J., 435

Pringle, Thomas, 191

Rainville, J. H., 535

Rankin, John, 181

Reford, Robert, 134

Reynolds, M. M., 156

Richer, A. J., 599

Rielle, Joseph, 236

Rinfret, Thibaudeau, 568

Riordon, Carl, 284

Ritchie, T. W., 124

Rivet, L. A. A., 370

Robb, Thomas, 259

Robertson, Andrew, 474

Robertson, Farquhar, 292

Robertson, William, 327

Robichon, X. A., 610

Roddick, Sir T. G., 316

Rodier, C. S., 85

Rogers, D. B., 391

Rondeau, A. O., 290

Rosenberg, Carl, 246

Ross, James, 22

Ross, J. G., 206

Routh, C. H., 346

Roy, F. X., 103

Roy, Henri, 343

Roy, R. J., 91

Rutherford, William, 245

St. Jacques, J. L., 346

St. Julien, J. A., 512

Sammett, M. A., 626

Scott, Gilbert, 235

Seath, David, 671

Shanks, W. R. L., 31

Shatford, A. P., 247

Shepherd, R. W., 333

Ship, Fischel, 337

Skinner, W. W., 259

Smith, C. F., 200

Smith, D. A., Lord Strathcona, 448

Smith, William, 170

Starkey, T. A., 655

Stephens, G. W., 146

Stevenson, S. C., 291

Stewart, A. D., 313

Strathy, J. A. L., 168

Surveyer, Arthur, 500

Surveyer, E. F., 536

Surveyer, L. J. A., 66

Symonds, Herbert, 151

Taylor, R. B., 667

Tellier, Louis, 597

Tessier, Camille, 253

Thomas, F. W., 394

Thompson, F. E., 320

Thompson, F. W., 221

Tremblay, Joseph, 600

Vanier, J. E., 400

Venne, Joseph, 508

Versailles, Joseph, 423

Villeneuve, J. O., 162

Villeneuve, Leonidas, 8

Vineberg, Harris, 227

Walker, H. E., 217

Walsh, M. J., 13

Ward, J. K., 643

White, W. J., 133

Whitehead, E. A., 442

Whyte, W. H., 513

Wilson, Daniel, 173

Wilson, J. T., 175

Wray, J. C., 362

Young, John, 675

Transcriber’s Notes:

Each illustration page was followed by a blank page, both of which were numbered. These are the sources of the apparently missing pages. No pages are actually missing. Some illustrations have been moved a page or two forward or backward to co-locate them with the appropriate biography, or to remove them from the middle of a paragraph.

Commas and periods missed by either the printer or the scanning process were added. Commas and periods interchanged by the printer were corrected.

Several proper names, printed inconsistently, were made consistent:

Francois, Francoise, Francais and Francais were normalized to François, Françoise, Français and Française

Pointe aux Trembles was normalized to Pointe-aux-Trembles.

Lotbinere and Lotbiniére were normalized to Lotbinière.

Accents on other proper names were are unchanged from the original.

Smallpox and small-pox were inconsistently hyphenated in multiple places and so were left as printed.

Accents and other diacritical marks do not appear over or under capital letters, and were not added.

Some words which appear incorrect today have been acceptable spellings in the past. These words (e.g. employe, malster, Hainout, Scotish, threshhold, etc.) were left as printed. Words which are rendered with more typically French spelling, such as “interne” reflect the significant French influence on the English of the time and place and are therefore not corrected to standard English spellings. Similarly, accents on French words used in English text are very frequently omitted, and they have not been added except as noted below.

Capitalization of the words “street”,“place”,“lane” and “avenue”, when part of proper names was inconsistent, and corrected. Other proper names lacking capitalization were corrected.

The following proper names are probably incorrect, but as that is not certain, they are unchanged:

On page 280, Latour dit Dufour is probably Dufour dit Latour

On page 394, Moorwinstow is probably Morwenstow

On page 484, LsRaoul de Lorimer is probably Louis-Raoul de Lorimer

On page 598, Port Elain is probably Port Elgin

On pages 531-532, Hon. J. Ald Ouimet is probably Hon. J. Alderic Ouimet.

There are several places where words appear to be missing. They were added only when the missing word was certain and are included in the following list of corrected printer’s errors.

“mediaeval” was changed to “mediæval” on page 69 to match other instances in the volume (during those mediæval times)

“over-estimated” changed to “overestimated” on page 73 to match other instances in the volume (could scarcely be overestimated)

“broadmindedness” changed to “broad-mindedness” on page 84 (from a deficiency in that broad-mindedness)

“whch” changed to “which” on page 91 (from which he was graduated)

“Portoria” changed to “Portora” on page 99 (the Royal School of Portora)

“Canado” changed to “Canada” on page 100 (Canada-French Trade Development Committee)

“Societe” changed to “Société” on page 104 (La Société St. Jean Baptiste)

“opthalmologists” changed to “ophthalmologists” and “opthalmoscopy” changed to “ophthalmoscopy” on page 105 ( one of the most celebrated ophthalmologists; method of ophthalmoscopy; He was the first ophthalmologist)

“enthusiam” changed to “enthusiasm” on page 116 (His greatest enthusiasm was aroused)

“became” changed to “become” on page 130 (he has also become equally widely known)

“reelcted” changed to “reelected” on page 130 (and was reelected in 1896 and 1897)

“eun” changed to “eund” on page 132 (ad eund)

“Quarreau” changed to “Ouareau” on page 150 ( the Charlemagne & Lac Ouareau Lumber Company)

“researth” changed to “research” on page 194 (his original research work was published)

“far” changed to “for” on page 230 (who for a number of years)

“wholsale” changed to “wholesale” on page 240 (a wholesale leather merchant)

“Batallion” changed to “Battalion” on page 266 (Eighty-third Battalion of Infantry)

“McCallum” changed to “MacCallum” on page 266 (Professor Duncan MacCallum)

“Assocation” changed to “Association” on page 272 (American Library Association)

“Christ’s” changed to “Christ” on page 273 (Christ Church Cathedral)

“vangaurd” changed to “vanguard” on page 301 (He keeps in the vanguard)

“Baptist” changed to “Baptiste” on page 310 (son of Jean Baptiste and Marie Theolinde)

“boom” changed to “bloom” on page 315 (freshness and bloom of life)

“discernable” changed to “discernible” on page 324 (are easily discernible)

“physicain” changed to “physician” on page 338 (superintendent of St. Paul’s Hospital, physician to)

“Hebert” changed to “Hébert” on page 340 (of which Philip Hébert was the sculptor)

“Beauprè” changed to “Beaupré” on page 358 (the Preparatory College at Ste. Anne de Beaupré)

“Therese” changed to “Thérèse” on page 367 (the College of Ste. Thérèse)

“come” changed to “came” on page 367 (In the latter year he came to St. Gabriel’s)

“Featherstonehough” changed to “Fetherstonhaugh” on page 376 (Fetherstonhaugh, Dennison & Blackmore)

“Clerge” changed to “Clergé” on page 385 (Le Clergé Canadien)

“Boisbrand” changed to “Boisbriand” on page 392 (The Glade, Boisbriand, province of Quebec)

“it” changed to “at” on page 418 (pursued his education at St. Hyacinthe College)

duplicate word “of” removed from page 428 (on the 12th of July)

“stateman” changed to “statesman” on page 458 (he was not a statesman)

“shorts” changed to “short” on page 462 (A few short hours of frozen day)

missing word “in” added on page 466 (and died in 1902)

“Avocatau” changed to “avocat au” on page 469 (Avocat au Parlement)

“colonal” changed to “colonel” on page 470 (lieutenant colonel of militia)

“sucessful” changed to “successful” on page 472 (made his life brilliantly successful)

“professionl” changed to “professional” on page 512 (concentrate his energies upon his professional interests)

“Abbe” changed to “Abbé” on page 531 (a private school conducted by Abbé Villeneuve)

“to day” changed to “today” on page 553 (Shortis is today detained)

“non-essential” changed to “nonessential” on page 555 to match other instances in the volume (essential and the nonessential)

“non-sectarian” changed to “nonsectarian” on page 556 to match other instances in the volume (nonsectarian in his religious belief)

“Brown’s” changed to “Browne’s” on page 579 (Mr. Browne’s advertising measures)

“ninteenth” changed to “nineteenth” on page 589 (the later half of the nineteenth century)

“Eteves” changed to “Elèves” on page 605 (Association des Anciens Elèves de L’Ecole Polytechnique)

“cloest” changed to “closest” on page 605 (will bear the closest investigation and scrutiny)

“farreaching” changed to “far-reaching” on page 605 (of far-reaching importance)

“gardner” changed to “gardener” on page 606 (The father was a gardener by profession.)

“beneficient” changed to “beneficent” on page 606 (extend to many beneficent projects)

extra character “a” removed from page 614 (He left that corporation to accept)

“Lafontain” changed to “Lafontaine” on page 618 (Lafontaine Club)

“repesentative” changed to “representative” on page 618 (a representative of that corporation)

“beneficient” changed to “beneficent” on page 626 (the beneficent spirit)

“tome” changed to “come” on page 630 (have come to include)

“eqully” changed to “equally” on page 635 (was almost equally well known)

“opportunties” changed to “opportunities” on page 637 (Liberal educational opportunties)

“sumitted” changed to “submitted” on page 643 (questions which were submitted for consideration)

“Ecolé” changed to “Ecole” on page 651 (Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales)

“Monteral” changed to “Montreal” on page 652 (progress of Montreal was slow)

“Subsequetly” changed to “Subsequently” on page 655 (Subsequently he pursued)

“succcess” changed to “success” on page 665 (and win success)

“distingnuished” changed to “distinguished” on page 667 (such distinguished men as Lord Strathcona)

“he” changed to “the” on page 677 (where the bridge should be built)

“Champlin” changed to “Champlain” on page 677 (Lake Champlain)

Angus, R. B. added to the Index.