Category: Engineering & Technology
On page 51, end of line 23, for “it” read “is.” On page 66, line 15, for “Fig. 51” read “Fig. 52.” On page 162, third line from bottom, for “n = b - 21” read “n = 21 - b.” On page 163, line 7, for “n = 250 - 2 (250÷40)” read “n = - 250 - 2 (250÷40).” On page 165, second line f...
On page 51, end of line 23, for “it” read “is.” On page 66, line 15, for “Fig. 51” read “Fig. 52.” On page 162, third line from bottom, for “n = b - 21” read “n = 21 - b.” On pa...
2. CHAPTER I.(1) The rapid growth of the cotton trade is in no small degree due to the exertions and ingenuity of the engineers and machinists who have devoted themselves to the subject. It...
3. CHAPTER II.(17) The cotton plant is indigenous to many tropical countries, in which it is often found in a wild state. The product of the wild plant is, however, quite unsuitable for manuf...
4. CHAPTER III.(24) When the cotton is ready for harvesting it is picked from the shrubs by hand. There have been many attempts to pick it by machinery, but these have not hitherto been very s...
5. mill. In taking cotton from the heap it is the best plan to beginat the top of the face and work downwards in a straight line, as by this procedure a uniform quantity of the different elements in the mixing is obtained. It is desirable to mak...
6. CHAPTER IV.(39) Mixing being completed, the cotton is treated by machines specially designed to remove the impurities which are always mixed with it as received from the shipper. These imp...
7. CHAPTER V.(66) After the cotton has been opened by any of the machines just described it is passed into a machine commonly known as a “scutcher.” In this it is subjected to a further beat...
8. CHAPTER VI.(103) The scutching process being complete the heavy impurities are practically removed, but there are still to be found in the material the bulk of the lighter ones. The severe...
9. CHAPTER VII.(154) As was shown in the preceding chapter, the cylinder, doffer rollers, &c., of carding engines are covered with a wire clothing, the proper construction of which is of high...
10. CHAPTER VIII.(191) The process of combing is only carried out when the finer and better qualities of yarn, such as are used for thread and lace purposes, are spun. The production of these is...
11. CHAPTER IX.(207) The slivers produced on the carding engine, although, as previously noted, composed of approximately parallel fibres, are not perfectly laid in that way. If, however, they...
12. CHAPTER X.(225) The sliver as left by the drawing frame consists of a number of fibres arranged in a parallel order, and contains a little twist introduced by the coiler. It is not practi...
13. CHAPTER XI.(264) The last process in the production of yarn is that in which the rovings, obtained in the manner described, are elongated and twisted into a thread. To many persons this is...
14. CHAPTER XII.(366) The term Ring Spinning is applied to that process by which yarn is spun by means of a machine in which a spindle, revolving in the centre of an annular ring, is used. The...
15. CHAPTER XIII.(389) There are two main classes of goods in the manufacture of which yarn produced as described is used. By far the greatest bulk is utilised in weaving fabrics of various kind...
16. CHAPTER XIV.(405) It will be easily understood that there are a number of accessories required to complete the equipment of a mill before the machinery previously described can be fully uti...