CHAPTER VI

Chapter 126,303 wordsPublic domain

Resurveys

=6–1= Restoration of Lost Corners: There is no hard and fast rule for establishing missing corners of mining claims. The method should be selected that will give the best results, bearing in mind that end lines should remain substantially parallel. Ordinarily, the mineral surveyor should not remonument a restored corner; at least, it should not be done without the full knowledge and approval of the owner. A cadastral surveyor may remonument a corner if it is necessary to delineate the boundary between public and private land. As with all lost corners, the corner of a mineral survey should be reestablished from the best available evidence and in such a configuration that will place the lines as nearly as possible to their original position. The ties to bearing trees and objects should be used first. In fact, if such accessories are present the corner is not lost.

Second in order of preference is the use of short ties to or from adjoining surveys. A word of caution in using other mineral survey ties: In Colorado, and presumably in other states, there was a period where the short ties to conflicting surveys were calculated through the section corner tie. Such calculated ties should not be used. This period is not exactly known, but it ran approximately from 1898 to April 28, 1904. If a report of other surveys was contained in the field notes, the ties were not calculated. At the end of this period, it can be determined if calculations were used. It is not so easy to distinguish between the methods of survey at the beginning of the period since it was not customary to report on other surveys. In any event, the short tie should not be used unless the corner tied to (or from) is recovered. If no corners can be found, the section corner tie may be used, but it is the tie of last resort. In such cases, all lines are shown as approved.

In Figure 7, several conditions are illustrated. In situation A, only one corner is recovered, no other corners or accessories can be found nor are there any short ties available. In the absence of further collateral evidence, the three missing corners must be reestablished at record bearings and distances from the recovered Corner No. 1.

In situation B, Corners Nos. 1 and 2 can be recovered. Lines 4–1 and 2–3 should be shown at the record distance, regardless of the length of line 1–2. The bearings of lines 4–1 and 2–3 may be the record bearing or at the same variation from the record as line 1–2. If this was a rectangular claim, then the bearing of the missing lines probably should be at right angles to line 1–2, unless this would give a distorted relationship between the claim and the workings on it, particularly the discovery. Line 3–4 should be shown parallel and of equal length to line 1–2.

In situation C, Corners Nos. 1 and 4 are recovered. Line 2–3 should be shown parallel and of equal length to line 4–1, if the record was such. Lines 1–2 and 3–4 should be shown at the record distance, and at the record bearing or with the same variance found for line 4–1.

In situation D two corners are again recovered, but they are opposite corners, Nos. 1 and 3. Missing Corner Nos. 2 and 4 can be restored by using the Grant Boundary method. See Section 5–44 of the Manual of Surveying Instructions. They can also be shown at the record bearing and distance from Cors. Nos. 1 and 3, using either the end lines or side lines, with the resulting missing lines being the bearing and distance required to close. The method selected should restore the lines in the best relative position to the workings.

In situation E, three corners, 1, 2 and 4, are recovered. Line 2–3 is shown parallel and of equal length to line 4–1. Line 3–4 is shown parallel and of equal length to Line 1–2.

In restoring corners of irregular claims, such as metes and bounds placers, the broken boundary (non-riparian) or the Grant Boundary method should be used. It may also be applied to lode claims if the above methods do not give adequate results.

In reestablishing corners of a block of claims, the rules of proportionate measurement may be applied. In Figure 8, missing Corner No. 2 of claims E, F, G and H can be restored by double proportion. Missing Corner No. 1 of claims A and B may also be restored by double proportion; since there is no corner beyond this corner, the record distance from Corner No. 2 would have to be used in this direction. Corner No. 1 might also be established at the record bearing and distance from Corner No. 2, or lines 1–2 of claims A and B could be made parallel and of equal length to line 3–4 of claim A. Since missing Corner No. 3 of claims B and D is on an end line, single proportionate measurement might be considered. See the Manual of Surveying Instructions for proportionate methods, pp. 134–136.

=6–2= Township Resurveys with Mineral Surveys: Prior to field work, all unpatented mineral surveys embracing claims that have been declared null and void should be cancelled, leaving only valid existing claims and patents to be segregated. Restoration of missing corners should only be made where they are necessary to control the boundaries between private and public land, including the boundaries between public land and unpatented valid mineral surveys. Segregation surveys of unsurveyed mining claims may be requested to accommodate administrative actions. If possible, the owners of the mining claims should be advised of the resurvey and given an opportunity to express their opinions as to the position of missing corners.

=6–3= Mineral Segregation Surveys: Sections 7–39 to 7–44 inclusive, of the Manual of Surveying Instructions adequately covers this subject. Segregation surveys are not undertaken unless there is a need for them arising from administrative action involving the adjoining land. Very often it will be necessary to make the survey within the boundaries as they are marked on the ground due to inaccuracies in the location survey. The early township surveys in California often segregated unsurveyed mining claims showing them on the township plats without supporting field notes. Resurveys of such segregations may be required based on the evidence found in the field.

=6–4= Supplemental Plats: When supplemental plats are required segregating mineral surveys, all such surveys must be segregated. Again, it is desirable that mineral surveys embracing invalid claims be cancelled. The need to lot a cancelled mineral survey will also require a supplemental plat.

=6–5= Correcting Errors in Patented Mineral Surveys: As a general rule, the record of a patented mineral survey should not be changed or amended. When such errors are discovered, a pencil notation on the index card and/or on the field notes may be appropriate. Reported errors generally stand on their own merit and are contained in the field notes of the reporting survey.

GLOSSARY OF MINING TERMS

ADIT: a horizontal entry into a mine with one opening to the surface, commonly and erroneously called a tunnel. (A tunnel is open at both ends.)

ALLUVIUM: unconsolidated sedimentary deposit, e.g. stream bed of sand and gravel.

ANTICLINE: a convex fold in sedimentary beds of rock (opposite: syncline).

APEX: top of a vein or lode.

ASSAY: a test to determine the quantity of mineral in a given sample. May be by a miniature smelting process in the laboratory, called a fire assay; or by use of chemicals, called a chemical or wet assay.

BACK: the roof of a horizontal opening such as an adit, drift or crosscut.

BONANZA: a rich body of ore.

BEDROCK: uppermost layer or segment (portion) of rock in place.

BREAST: the end, heading or working face of an adit, drift or crosscut.

CHIMNEY: a vertical ore body, tubelike in shape.

CHUTE: (ore) chute for transferring broken rock in a mine; usually from a stope to a haulage passage.

COBBING: hand sorting of ore.

COLLAR: top of a shaft or winze; the timbers or concrete at the upper end.

COLOR: a particle of free gold.

CONCENTRATOR: a device for separating and concentrating mineral from rock by mechanical means.

CONTACT: the meeting of two geologic formations.

CONTACT VEIN: a vein along the contact.

COUNTRY ROCK: rock surrounding a vein or lode, extending throughout the area.

CRIBBING: a wall of light timbering between heavy supports at either vertical or horizontal mine working.

CROSSCUT: a horizontal opening such as an adit driven across the vein or ore body.

CUT: an open working driven into a hillside to expose underlying rock.

DIKE: a vertical or near vertical fissure filled with volcanic rock.

DIP: the vertical angle a vein or sedimentary bed makes with a horizontal plane.

DRIFT: a horizontal opening (such as an adit) driven along the vein.

FACE: the last working end of an adit, drift, crosscut or cut (same as breast).

FAULT: A dislocation along a crack in the earth’s surface (may be horizontal, vertical or a combination of both); a failure along a line of stress; usually associated with earthquakes, but movement may be slow.

FISSURE: a crack in the earth’s surface; if filled with vein material becomes a fissure vein.

FLOAT: a piece of ore detached from a vein or lode, lying loose, not in place.

FLOOR: the lower surface of a mine working, i.e. the floor of a drift.

FLUME: a device for conveying water.

FOOT WALL: the lower side of an inclined vein in country rock.

GANGUE: the matrix of the ore composed of worthless material.

GLORY HOLE: a large funnel-shaped excavation extending to the surface, the material being drawn from the bottom through a tunnel.

GRIZZLY: a grating, usually made up of mine rails, over an ore bin for the purpose of diverting large rocks or boulders.

GRUB STAKE: financing a prospector to share in his findings.

HANGING WALL: the upper wall of an inclined or dipping vein.

HEADING: same as breast or face of a working.

HORSE: a mass of country rock found in an ore deposit.

INCLINE: a sloping shaft, drift, crosscut or tunnel.

LEAD: same as lode, (pronounced “leed”)

LEDGE: same as lode.

LEVEL: one of a series of drifts or crosscuts, one above the other, in a mine.

LODE: a mineral deposit in place, including veins.

LODE LINE: presumed course of the vein or lode at the surface.

MATRIX: the worthless material in an ore deposit surrounding the valuable minerals.

METALLURGY: the art of separating minerals from the gangue in ores; also combining metals to form alloys.

MINE: an excavation for the purpose of extracting mineral.

MINERAL: an inorganic substance contained in the earth.

MUCK: broken rock in a mine.

OPEN CUT: a drift or crosscut that does not enter cover.

OPEN PIT: a large excavation beginning at the surface.

ORE: a mineral deposit that can be mined at a profit; includes the mineral itself and the gangue.

OUTCROP: that portion of a mineral deposit appearing at the surface.

PLACER: a mineral deposit of unconsolidated particles.

QUARRY: similar to an open pit, usually applied to building stone.

RAISE: a vertical or inclined shaft driven upward from an underground working.

REEF: Australian word for lode.

ROOF: the ceiling of a working, as the back of a drift.

ROYALTY: a percentage of the earnings or product paid an owner.

SHAFT: a vertical or inclined opening sunk from the surface to gain access or to explore an orebody.

SHIFT: a period of working time.

SKIP: an ore bucket used to hoist ore and muck in a shaft.

SLUICE: a trough with riffles for separating placer gold.

SMELTING: the reduction of metals from the ore in a furnace.

STOPE: usually a room where the ore is mined.

STRIKE: the horizontal direction of a vein.

STULL: a timber in a mine, usually a post.

SUMP: a low place in a mine for collecting water, such as the bottom of a shaft.

TAILINGS: the waste rock from a mine or mill.

TUNNEL: technically, a horizontal passageway open at both ends, but in mining used to designate any horizontal passageway driven for the development or discovery of an orebody.

VEIN: a fissure or crack in surrounding rock filled with mineral.

WINZE: a vertical or incline opening sunk from an underground mine working; an underground shaft.

APPENDIX

Hereby makes application for an official mineral survey of the mining claims named and identified in this application ___________________________________________________________________________

2. Give group name (_if any_) ___________________________________________________________________________

3. NAME OF CLAIM(S) ___________________________________________________________________________ | | DATE |_________________________________________ | | | | NAME OF LOCATION | LOCATED | RECORDED | AMENDED | AMENDED | | | | RECORDING _________________________________|_________|__________|_________|__________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | _________________________________|_________|__________|_________|__________

4. LOCATION OF CLAIM(S) ___________________________________________________________________________ | | | Section | Township | Range | Meridian | | | ________|__________|_______|_______________________________________________ | | County | State | National Forest | | ___________________|_______|_______________________________________________

5a. Is each claim based on a valid location and fully described in the certified copy of the record of each location certificate filed with this __ __ application? |__| Yes |__| No

b. Is each location distinctly marked by monuments on the ground and can __ __ its boundaries be traced readily? |__| Yes |__| No ___________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX #1

To Mineral Surveyor: __ |

Sir:

Application has been filed in this Office by

, dated , 19 .

for an official survey of the mining claim consisting of locations named, located, and recorded as follows: ___________________________________________________________________________ Group name, if any

___________________________________________________________________________ | DATE | |____________________________________| NAME OF LOCATION | | | | AMENDED | LOCATED | RECORDED | AMENDED | RECORDING ______________________|___________|____________|___________|_______________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ______________________|___________|____________|___________|_______________ Mining District | County | State | | ______________________|________________________|___________________________ Section | Township | Range | | ______________________|________________________|___________________________ Meridian | National Forest | __________________________________|________________________________________

The claim is fully described in the certified copy of the location certificate filed by the applicant for the survey, copy of which is enclosed herewith. You are hereby directed to make the survey of said claim in strict conformity with existing laws, official regulations, and instructions thereunder, and make proper return of the survey to this Office.

This survey will be designated as Mineral Survey Number

Very truly yours,

__________________________________________

(Authorized Signature)

__________________________________________

(Title)

APPENDIX #2

No. 345. NOTICE OF LODE LOCATION.-- Bradford Publishing Co., 1824–46 Stout Street, Denver, Colorado

Know All Men by These Presents, That ______________, the undersigned, ha____

this___________ day of________________, 19___, located and claimed, and by

these presents do _____locate and claim by right of discovery and location,

in compliance with the Mining Acts of Congress, approved May 10, 1872, and

all subsequent Acts, and with local customs, laws and regulations,

____________________ linear feet and horizontal measurement on the

____________________________________________ lode, vein, ledge or deposit,

along the vein thereof, with all its dips, angles and variations as allowed

by law together with ________________ feet on the ________________ side and

________________ feet on the ________________ side of the middle of said

vein at the surface, so far as can be determined from present developments;

and all veins, lodes, ledges, or deposits and surface ground within the

lines of said claim ________________ feet running ________________ from

center of discovery ________________ and ________________ feet running

________________ from center of discovery ________________, said discovery

________________ being situated upon said lode, vein, ledge or deposit, and

within the lines of said claim in _______________________________________

Mining District, County of ________________ and State of ________________

Discovered and located ________________________________, 19___

________________________________ ________________________________

APPENDIX #3

___________________________________________________________________________ Known as the (_name of group, if any_)

___________________________________________________________________________

CONSISTING OF LOCATIONS NAMED AND LOCATED AS FOLLOWS ___________________________________________________________________________ NAME OF LOCATION | DATE |__________________________ | LOCATED | AMENDED ________________________________________________|_____________|____________ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________|_____________|____________ Mining district | County | _____________________________________|_____________________________________ Section | Township |Range |Meridian | Survey under order dated | | | | ____________|____________|___________|__________|__________________________ Survey commenced |Survey completed | Name of Mineral Surveyor | | __________________|__________________|_____________________________________

APPENDIX #4

Form 3860–7 UNITED STATES (November 1976) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (formerly 3400–8) BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT

CERTIFICATE OF SURVEYOR

___________________________________________________________________________ Name of Mineral Surveyor | Date | ____________________________________________________|______________________

I HEREBY CERTIFY That in pursuance of an order received from the

, at

dated ,19 , I have carefully executed the survey of

the claim of

known as the (_lode, placer, or mill site_)

situated in , Township ,

Range , Meridian, in the State of .

This survey, designated as number , has been executed by me and under my direction and has been made in strict conformity with said order, the Manual of Instructions for the Survey of Public Lands of the United States, and in specific manner described in the foregoing field notes.

I FURTHER CERTIFY That the labor expended and improvements made upon and for the benefit of the

(_lode or placer_) location(s) embraced in the said mining claim by claimant(s) or

grantors are fully stated in my report. The character, extent, location, and itemized value are specified in full detail. No portion of, or interest in, said labor and improvements so credited to this claim has been included in the estimate of expenditures upon any other claim.

____________________________________ _____________________________________

(Location) (Signature of Mineral Surveyor) ___________________________________________________________________________

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

| Office | |_________________________ | Location | |_________________________ | Date | |_________________________

The foregoing field notes of mineral survey number , in __ __ , |__| surveyed|__| unsurveyed

Township , Range ,

Meridian, in the State of ,

executed by , Mineral Surveyor,

under order dated , 19 , having been critically examined and the necessary corrections made prior to their certification by the surveyor, the field notes and the survey therein described are hereby approved.

____________________________________ _____________________________________

(Authorized Signature) (Title)

CERTIFICATE OF TRANSCRIPT

I HEREBY CERTIFY That the foregoing transcript of field notes of

the above-described mineral survey number is a true copy of the original field notes.

____________________________________ _____________________________________

(Authorized Signature) (Title) ___________________________________________________________________________

Title 18, U.S.C. section 1001, makes it a crime for any person knowingly and willfully to make to any department or agency of the United States any false, fictitious, or fraudulent statements or representations as to any matter within its jurisdiction. ___________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX #5

(_See reverse_) APPENDIX #6

_____________________________________

SIR:

The following described mineral survey was approved on , 19 : ___________________________________________________________________________ SURVEY NUMBER | NAME OF CLAIM | ACRES ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________ | | ______________|_________________________________________________|__________

This survey is actually in conflict with the following approved mineral survey(s) listed by name and number, as marked, defined, and established on the ground

___________________________________________________________________________ Applicant for survey (_name and address_)

___________________________________________________________________________ Survey made by , Mineral Surveyor.

___________________________________________________________________________

The following legal subdivisions are covered in whole or in part by this survey, if situated on surveyed lands

___________________________________________________________________________

The survey is shown on the diagram below, sketched as actually marked, defined, and established on the ground with respect to the lines of the public land surveys; data relating to courses and distances have been omitted.

___________________________________________________________________________

NOTE -- This sketch will be made in each case where upon surveyed land, whether or not there are any conflicting approved mineral surveys. Conflicting mineral surveys, however, will not be shown upon the sketch. ___________________________________________________________________________

Section , Township , Range Section , Township , Range

_____________________________________ ____________________________________

(Title) ___________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX #7

No. 162. LOCATION CERTIFICATE--Lode Claim.-- Bradford Publishing Co., 1824–46 Stout Street, Denver, Colorado

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That ____________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

ha____ located the ______________________________________ lode mining claim,

and by this certificate, and by right of discovery and location, claim_____

___________________________________ feet, linear and horizontal measurement

along the vein thereof, with all its dips, angles and variations as allowed

by law ____________________________ feet on said vein running _____________

_____________ from the center of the discovery ____________________________

and feet running ___________________________________ from the center of the

discovery ____________________________ , together with ____________________

______________ feet on each side of the middle of said vein at the surface,

and all veins, lodes, ledges, deposits and surface ground within the lines

of said claim, situate in _________________________________ Mining District,

County of _________________________, and State of _________________________

and described by metes and bounds as follows, to wit:

Beginning at Corner No. 1 _________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Said lode was discovered on the _______ day of _______________, 19____

and located on the ______________ day of __________________________, 19____

Dated this _______________ day of ____________________________, 19____

________________________________[SEAL]

___________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX #8

No. 114. ADDITIONAL AND AMENDED LOCATION CERTIFICATE. --Bradford-Robinson Ptg. Co., Mfrs. Robinson’s Legal Blanks, 1824–46 Stout St., Denver, Colorado

STATE OF COLORADO, } } } SS. KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, County of _______________}

That ______________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

the undersigned, ha___ this _____________ day of ___________________, 19___

amended, located and claimed and by these presents do _____ amend, locate

and claim, by right of the original discovery and this Additional and

Amended Location Certificate, in compliance with the Mining Acts of

Congress, approved May 10, 1872, and all subsequent acts, and with Sections

169 and 182, Chapter 110, 1935 Colorado Statutes Annotated, and with local

customs, laws and regulations _____________________________________________

____________________________________ linear feet and horizontal measurement

on the ________________________________________________________ lode, vein,

ledge or deposit, along the vein thereof, with all its dips, angles and

variations, as allowed by law, together with ______________________________

feet on the __________________________ side, and __________________________

feet on the __________________________ side of the middle of said vein at

the surface, so far as can be determined from present developments, and all

veins, lodes, ledges or deposits and surface ground within the lines of

said claim __________________________ feet running ________________________

from center of discovery ________________ and ________________ feet running

__________________________ from center of discovery _______________________

said discovery _____________________________ being situated upon said lode,

vein, ledge or deposit, and within, the lines of said claim, in ___________

____________Mining District, County of _______________________ and State of

Colorado, described by metes and bounds as follows, to-wit:

Beginning in Corner No. 1

This being the same lode originally located on the _________________ day of

______________________ 19____, and recorded on the _________________ day of

______________________ 19____, in Book ________ Page ________ in the office

of the Recorder of ____________________ County. This further Additional and

Amended Certificate of Location is made without waiver of any previously

acquired rights, but for the purpose of correcting any errors in the

original location, description or record, and of taking in and acquiring

all forfeited or abandoned overlapping ground, and of taking in any part of

any overlapping claim which has been abandoned, and of securing all the

benefits of said Sections 169 and 182, Chapter 110, 1935 Colorado Statutes

Annotated.

APPENDIX #9

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: Please take notice that:

1. The name of this claim is the _____________________ Lode Mining Claim.

Said claim is situated in the vicinity of _______________________ or in the

________________________________________________ Mining District, County of

San Bernardino, State of California.

The date of this location is the __________ day of _________________, 19___

2. The undersigned locators are citizens of the United States, or have declared their intention to become such.

3. The said locator___ do____ hereby locate and claim ___________________ (Not to exceed 1500) linear feet of this vein or lode, together with surface ground extending

___________________ feet in width on each side of the middle of said vein (Not to exceed 300) or lode and more particularly described as follows:

Commencing at the monument where this notice is posted, which monument is at the point of discovery on said vein or lode and on the center line of

this location _________ hereby claim ______________ feet extending in a (I or We) ______________ direction along the course of said vein from the discovery

monument and _______________ feet in a _______________ direction from the

discovery monument, along the course of said vein.

The general course of said vein is in a _________erly and ___________erly

direction.

The discovery monument is situated about ________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________ (Distance from natural object or permanent monument and give direction)

___________________________________________________________________________

4. All dips, variations, spurs, angles and all veins, ledges, or deposits within the lines of this claim, together with all water and timber and any other rights appurtenant, allowed by the laws of this State or of the United States are hereby claimed.

LOCATORS

___________________________________________________________________________

STATEMENT OF THE MARKING OF THE BOUNDARIES AND OF PERFORMANCE OF DISCOVERY WORK

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN by the undersigned locator--that in accordance with

the provisions of the Mining Law:--

1. There has been erected at the discovery point, at each corner and at the

center of each end line of said claim

___________________________________________________________________________

2. The Locator has performed the following discovery work: ________________

___________________________________________________________________________

DATED _____________________, 19___

LOCATORS

______________________________________

PA 1561–-4M–3–62 ______________________________________

APPENDIX #10

No. 296. LOCATION CERTIFICATE.--Tunnel.--Bradford Publishing Co., 1824–46 Stout Street, Denver, Colorado--3–72 ___________________________________________________________________________

STATE OF ________________________} } } SS. } County of _______________________}

TO ALL WHOM THESE PRESENTS MAY CONCERN: Know ye, that _____________________

___________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________ citizen_____of the United States, of

_____________________________, County of ___________________________, State

of ____________________, do hereby declare and publish as a legal notice to

all the world, that _____ have a valid right to the occupancy, possession

and enjoyment of the ______________________________________________________

_________________________________, located _________________________, 19___

for the discovery of mines and the development of lodes, and situate in

_________________________________ Mining District, ________________________

County, State of _________________________, described as follows, to-wit:

Mouth of tunnel situate _________________________________________________

_____________________________________________; from the mouth of the tunnel

___________________________________________________________________________

Size of tunnel ________________ feet wide by ______________ feet high in

the clear.

Course of tunnel from its mouth, __________________________ 3,000 feet to

the ________________ end of said tunnel, at which end is set a substantial

______________________________ being the end _____________________________,

and between the tunnel mouth and the end _______________________ the center

line of the tunnel is marked at _________ feet, __________ feet, _________

feet, _________ feet, _________ feet, _________ feet, _________ feet from

the mouth by marked stakes or blazed and marked trees. From the end

___________________________________________________________________________

bears _____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

from said end ______________, set a stake _________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

from said end ______________, set a stake _________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

from mouth of tunnel set a stake __________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

from mouth of tunnel set a stake __________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

which last four mentioned stakes _____________________ the exterior corners

of the claim of said tunnel site.

And ___________________ claim for line of tunnel 1,500 feet on each side of the center of the bore or course of the tunnel, and the right to all lodes which may be discovered in the due prosecution of said tunnel within 1,500 feet on each side of the center of said line.

_______________________ also claim a square tract of land 125 feet on each side of the mouth of tunnel and extending 250 feet immediately below the mouth of the tunnel, as staked upon the ground, for dumping purposes.

Together with all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in anywise appertaining, and all rights granted to the locator ___________________ as tunnel rights under the terms of Section 2323 of the Revised Statutes of the United States.

WITNESS __________ hand___ and seal___ this _________________________ day

of ______________________, 19___

_____________________________________[SEAL]

___________________________________________________________________________

APPENDIX #11

STATE OF ________________________} } SS. County of _______________________}

Before me, the subscriber, a notary public in and for said County,

personally appeared _______________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

to me personally known to be the same person_____described in and who

executed the within declaration of occupation, and acknowledged that ______

h_____ signed, sealed and published the same as ______h_____ free and

voluntary act and deed for the uses and purposes therein set forth.

WITNESS my hand and seal, this _____________ day of _____________________,

19____

My commission expires _____________________________________________, 19____

_____________________________________________________ Notary Public.

___________________________________________________________________________

STATE OF ________________________} } SS. County of _______________________}

___________________________________________________________________________

of the Count ______ of ___________________________________________ State of

______________________, being first duly sworn according to law, depose and

say_______: That_____h_____ citizen___ of the United States over the age of

twenty-one years; that _____ h_____ owner_____ by pre-emption, location and

occupation of the foregoing tunnel site, the said tunnel being prosecuted

for the development of lodes belonging to said affiant_______, also for the

discovery of other lodes; affiant___ further say ______ that ____ h_______

ha___ expended in actual work and improvements on said tunnel not less than

__________________________________________________________________ Dollars,

and that said tunnel has already been run the distance of _________________

___________ feet, and that it is bona fide ___ h______ intention to

prosecute work on said tunnel, so located and described, with reasonable

diligence for the purposes therein set forth.

____________________________________________

SUBSCRIBED and sworn to before me this ________________________________ day

of ____________________________, 19____

My commission expires ______________________________________________, 19___

____________________________________________ Notary Public.

_______________________________________

LOCATION CERTIFICATE

OF TUNNEL AND TUNNEL SITE

_______________________________________

Tunnel and Tunnel Site of _____________

_______________________________________

in _____________________________ Mining

District, _____________________ County,

State of ______________________________

_______________________________________

STATE OF ________________________} } SS. County of _______________________}

I hereby certify that this Location

Certificate was filed for record in my

office at _____________ o’clock ____M.,

_________________________________ 19___

and is duly recorded in book __________

at page _______________________________

_______________________________________ Recorder.

By ____________________________________ Deputy.

_______________________________________

Fees, $________________________________

_______________________________________

--------------------------------------- BRADFORD PUBLISHING COMPANY CO., DENVER

APPENDIX #12

Recorded at________o’clock______M.,_________________

Reception No._____________________________ Recorder.

--------------------------------------------------------------

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS: That,______________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________ the undersigned citizens of the United States, residents of

the County of_______________, State of________________________, having complied with the provisions of Chapter 6, Title XXXII, of the Revised Statutes of the United States, and with the local customs, laws and regulations, claim by right of

discovery and location, The ___________________________________

placer claim, situate, lying and being in______________________

Mining District, County of_______________________, and State of

____________________, described by metes and bounds as follows, to wit:

_______________________________________________________________

______________________________ area ____________________ acres,

said claim was located on the_______ day of__________, 19_____.

Date of certificate________________________, 19_____.

Attest:

___________________________________

No. 161. PLACER LOCATION CERTIFICATE.--Bradford Publishing Co., 1824–46 Stout Street, Denver, Colorado (573–5011)-–5–77

APPENDIX #13

No. 270. LOCATION CERTIFICATE--Mill Site.--Bradford Publishing Co., 1824–46 Stout Street, Denver, Colorado (573–5011)-–6–77

------------------------------------------------------------------- LOCATION CERTIFICATE OF MILL SITE

STATE OF_________________ } } SS. County of_________________ }

TO ALL WHOM THESE PRESENTS MAY CONCERN:

Know ye that ____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

of ________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

do______hereby declare and publish as a legal notice to all the

world that_______have a valid right to the occupation, possession and enjoyment of all and singular that tract or parcel of land not exceeding five acres, situate, lying and being

in_____________________________________________Mining District, in

the County of_________________, in the State of__________________, bounded and described as follows, to wit:

The______________________Mill Site,beginning at Cor. No. 1_______

_________________________________________________________________

together with all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in anywise appertaining.

Witness______hand_____and seal______, this__________day

of________, 19____.

_______________________________[SEAL]

------------------------------------------------------------------ APPENDIX #14

INDEX

First number indicates chapter. Second number indicates section of that chapter.

Accuracy (survey): 5–2, 5–5, 5–13

Acquired Lands: 1–25

Act of 1866 (lodes): 1–5

Act of 1870 (placers): 1–6

Act of 1872 (general mining laws): 1–7

Act of 1884 (Alaska): 1–9

Act of 1892 (building stone): 1–10

Act of 1904 (monuments to control): 1–13

Act of 1920 (mineral leasing): 1–14

Act of 1947 (materials): 1–15

Act of 1954 (multiple use): 1–16

Act of 1955 (common varieties): 1–17

Act of 1955 (power sites): 1–18

Act of 1960 (mill sites): 1–19

Act of 1962 (petrified wood): 1–20

Act of 1970 (geothermal steam): 1–21

Act of 1976 (recordation): 1–22

Additional and Amended Location Certificate: 2–13, 4–6

Additional Notes and Certificate on Plat: 5–18

Alaska: 1–9, 1–23, 1–24

Alaska Native Claims: 1–23

Alaska Public Sale Act: 1–24

Amended Location: 2–13, 5–1, 5–3, 5–20

Amended (Supplemental) Order for Survey: 4–6, 4–7, 5–3, 5–21

Amended Survey: 5–19

Annual Assessment Work: 2–4, 2–12

Apex Law: 1–49

Application for Patent: 2–6

Application for Survey: 4–4

Approval of Survey: 5–15

Areas: 5–8, 5–10, 5–12, 5–13

Areas subject to special mining laws: 1–24

Assays: 2–1

Attorney-at-Law: 1–43, 4–3

Azimuth: 5–10

Bearing rocks: 5–4

Bearing trees: 5–4, 5–10

Bedded deposits: 1–48, 2–1, 5–3, 5–5

Blanket veins: 5–3, 5–5

Building stone: 1–10

Burden of proof: 2–1, 2–12

Calculations: 5–8, 5–13

Cancelled Survey: 4–6, 5–16

Cancelled Survey Order: 4–6, 4–8, 5–17

Cemeteries: 5–3

Change of claim boundaries: 2–13

Claim records: 4–5, 5–1

Claim staking: 2–3

Closures: 5–13

Coal Surveys: 5–3

Common Improvement: 1–47, 5–5

Common Varieties: 1–17

Conflicts: 5–3, 5–8, 5–12, 5–13

Coordinates Geographic: 5–10, 5–12 Plane: 5–1

Corner accessories: 5–4

Corner markings: 2–3, 5–10

Corner numbers: 2–3

Corners on patented land: 2–3

Corner ties: 2–3, 5–3, 5–8, 5–12

Death Valley National Monument, California: 1–24

Descriptive Report (placer claims): 5–6

Discovery: 1–47, 2–1, 2–4, 5–3

Discovery lost: 2–1

Discovery paint: 2–2, 5–3, 5–12

Discovery shaft: 2–3

Discovery work: 2–2, 2–5, 5–1, 5–5

Drill logs: 2–1

Electronic distance measurement: 5–2

End center monuments: 2–3

End lines: 1–49, 2–3, 5–12

Errors: 5–12, 6–5

Exchanges: 1–23

Extralateral Rights: 1–49

Field Notes: 5–10, 5–11, 5–12, 5–18

Fissionable source material: 1–23

Float: 2–1

Goethermal steam: 1–25

Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska: 1–24

Homestead Entry Surveys: 5–3

Improvements: 5–5, 5–7, 5–10, 5–12, 5–15, 5–21

Indemnity Grants: 1–23

Instruments: 5–2, 5–10

Intersections: 5–8, 5–10, 5–12, 5–13

Junior claim: 1–49

Kings Range National Conservation Area, California: 1–24

Known lodes in placers: 2–4

Leasing Act: 1–14

Length: 2–3, 2–6, 4–6, 5–3, 5–12

Location: 2–3, 2–6, 2–8, 2–9, 5–3, 5–10, 5–12

Location certificate: 2–3, 2–6, 4–6, 5–10

Location monument: 5–3

Location notice: 2–3, 2–6, 2–7

Location survey: 2–3

Lode v. Placer: 2–1

Lode claims: 1–5, 1–7, 2–1, 2–2, 2–3

Lode line: 5–12

Magnetic Declination: 5–12

Marketability: 2–1, 2–4

Materials Act: 1–15

Measurements: 5–2, 5–10

Metes and bounds: 2–3, 4–6

Mill Sites: 1–7, 1–19, 2–7, 2–8, 5–7

Mineral, definition: 2–1

Mineral Examiner: 2–1

Mineral Monuments: 5–3

Mineral Survey: 2–6

Mineral Surveyor Appointment: 3–1, 3–2, 3–3, 3–4, 3–5, 3–6 Contracts: 3–14, 3–15, 3–16, 3–17, 4–4.7 Duties: 3–10, 3–11, 3–12, 3–13 Examination: 3–9 Qualifications: 3–7, 3–8 Restrictions: 3–18, 3–19, 3–20 Selection of: 4–2

Mining Districts: 1–1, 1–2, 1–3

Mt. McKinley National Park, Alaska: 1–24

Multiple Use: 1–16

National Forests: 1–23, 4–6

National Parks and Monuments: 1–24, 4–6

Native graves: 5–3

Navigable water: 1–50

New legislation, update: 1–25

New survey required: 5–20

Number of claims: 2–3, 2–6, 2–8, 4–4.7

O & C Lands: 1–24

Oil shale placer claims: 1–24

Olympic National Park, Washington: 1–24

Order for Survey: 4–6, 5–17

Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona: 1–24

Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona: 1–24

Patent Exclusion of abandoned claim: 5–23 In two parts: 5–24 Long after survey: 5–22

Patent expenditure: 1–47, 5–5, 5–15, 5–21

Patent survey Departures from normal procedure: 5–16 to 5–24 incl. Field work: 5–1 to 5–7 incl. Office work: 5–8 to 5–11 incl. Processing: 5–12 to 5–15 incl. Required: 4–1, 5–6, 5–7

Petrified Wood: 1–20

Placer claims: 1–6, 1–7, 2–4, 2–5, 2–6, 5–6

Placer v. Lode: 2–1

Plats: 5–9, 5–11, 5–14, 5–16, 5–18, 5–19, 6–4

Power Sites: 1–18

Prescott, Arizona Watershed: 1–24

Railroad Grants: 1–23

Recording: 1–7, 1–22, 2–11, 2–12

Reference Monument: 5–4

Relocation: 2–13, 5–20

Reservations: 1–23

Restoration of lost or obliterated corners: 5–3, 6–1

Resurveys: 6–2

Rights-of-way: 5–3

Riparian Rights: 1–50

Rule of approximation: 2–6

School Grants: 1–23

Senior claim: 1–49

Segregation Surveys: 6–3

Severance: 1–23

Side center monuments: 2–3

Size of claims: 2–3, 2–6, 2–7, 4–6

Spanish Land Grants: 1–23

Special Surveys: 5–3

State mining laws, general: 1–27 Alaska: 1–28 Arizona: 1–29 Arkansas: 1–30 California: 1–31 Colorado: 1–32 Florida: 1–33 Idaho: 1–34 Louisiana: 1–35 Mississippi: 1–36 Montana: 1–37 Nebraska: 1–38 Nevada: 1–39 New Mexico: 1–40 North Dakota: 1–41 Oregon: 1–42 South Dakota: 1–43 Utah: 1–44 Washington: 1–45 Wyoming: 1–46

Stockraising Homesteads: 1–23, 5–3

Supplemental Plat: 5–16, 6–4

Survey methods: 2–3, 5–2

Survey records: 4–5, 5–1

Surveyor and The Law: 1–47, 1–48

Thorium: 1–23

Townsites: 1–23, 5–3

Trace of mineral: 2–1, 2–4

Transit and Tape: 5–2

Tunnel Sites: 2–9, 2–10

U.S. Marshall: 5–1

U.S. Surveys: 5–3

Unapproved survey: 5–17

Underground discovery: 2–1, 2–2

Uranium: 1–23

Use, mill site: 2–8

Valuable mineral deposit: 2–1

Width: 2–3, 2–6, 4–6, 5–3, 5–12

Wilderness Areas: 1–24

Witness Corner: 5–4

Withdrawals: 1–23, 4–5

GPO 857–030

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling. 2. Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed. 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. 4. Enclosed bold font in =equals=.

End of Project Gutenberg's Mineral Survey Procedures Guide, by Various