Part I affords at a glance a descriptive survey, in one alphabetic

series, of the entire Materia Medica to-day in general use by the American profession. Part II contains a summary of Therapeutic Indications for the employment of remedies, arranged according to the Pathologic Conditions to be combated. Part III presents a Classification of Medicaments in accordance with their Physiologic Actions.

The publishers may be allowed to state that they have labored long and earnestly, so to shape this little volume that it shall prove a firm and faithful help to the practitioner in his daily round of duty. They now send it forth in the confident hope that, the more it is put to the test of actual use, the more it will grow in the esteem of its possessor.

CONTENTS.

~Pages 9 to 82.~

~Part First.--THE MATERIA MEDICA, as in actual use to-day by American Physicians.~ (Alphabetically arranged.)

THIS PART EMBRACES all those Simple Medicinal Substances (that is, drugs and chemicals) which are in current and well-established use in the medical practice of this country; or which, if too recently introduced to be as yet in general use, are vouched for by eminent authorities in medical science;--also, the medicinally employed Pharmaceutic Preparations recognized by the United States Pharmacopoeia.

(Added thereto, for the convenience of those practitioners who prescribe them, are Medicamentous Mixtures advertised only to the Profession, but whose composition or mode of manufacture has not been made known with sufficient completeness or exactness to satisfy all members of the Profession. In the selection the publishers have been guided solely by the recognition accorded the various preparations by the Profession, according to the best information obtained.)

There has also been included, under the title of "Foods and Dietetic Preparations," a list of such preparations as are frequently prescribed for infants' diet, or for the sick or convalescent.

OMITTED from the Materia Medica chapter are: Medicaments that have become obsolete, or that are too rarely used to be of general interest; and such new remedies as are not yet safely accredited on reliable authority; also those galenic preparations (syrups, extracts, pills, essences, elixirs, wines, emulsions, etc.) which are not standardized according to the U.S. Pharmacopoeia; likewise all articles that are put up and advertised for self-medication by the lay public.

SEPARATE TITLES in the alphabetic series are accorded, as a rule, to the botanical drugs and other pharmaceutical mother-substances, to proximate principles (alkaloids, glucosides, organic acids, etc.), and to chemical compounds (salts, "synthetics," etc.); while the official galenic preparations, solutions and dilutions, derived from them, are mostly mentioned under the titles of their respective mother-substances. (Thus, for instance, "Dover's Powder" will be found under "Opium," while "Morphine" is described under its own title.)

(_Smaller type_ has been employed--in order to economize space--for botanic drugs, gums, and some others of the older drugs and preparations which are so long and well known that but little reference will need be made to them.)

(Those substances of the Materia Medica which can be had of the MERCK brand are--for the convenience of prescribers--so designated).

* * * * *

~Pages 83 to 184.~

~Part Second.--THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS for the use of the Materia Medica and other agents.~ (Arranged alphabetically under the titles of the various Pathologic Conditions.)

THIS PART SUMMARIZES in brief form, the principal means of treatment for each form of disease, as reported to be in good use with practitioners at the present time. The statements hereon are drawn from the standard works of the leading modern writers on Therapeutics, and supplemented--in the case of definite chemicals of more recent introduction--by the reports of reputable clinical investigators.

* * * * *

~Pages 185 to 192.~

~Part Third.--CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAMENTS according to their Physiologic Actions.~ (Arranged alphabetically under the titles of the Actions.)

THIS PART RECAPITULATES, for ready survey, such statements as are already given in "PART I," as to the modes of action of the various medicaments.

INDEX.

THE MATERIA MEDICA, as in actual use to-day by American Physicians. (See pages 9 to 82.)

THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS for the use of the Materia Medica and other agents. (See pages 83 to 184.)

CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICAMENTS according to their Physiologic Actions. (See pages 185 to 192.)

* * * * *

_For Details, see Descriptive Table of Contents, on pages 6 and 7._

* * * * *

ABBREVIATIONS.

alm. = almost amorph. = amorphous arom. = aromatic comp. = compound cryst. = crystals or crystalline D. = dose decoct. = decoction dil. = dilute or diluted emuls. = emulsion ext. = extract extern. = externally F.E. or fl. ext. = fluid extract fl. dr. = fluid dram grn. = grain or grains infus. = infusion inject. = injection insol. = insoluble intern. = internally lin. = liniment liq. = liquid or liquor Max. D. = maximum dose min. or [min.] = minim or minims odorl. = odorless oint. = ointment oz. = ounce or ounces powd. = powder q.v. = which see (_quod vide_) sl. = slightly sol. = soluble or solubility solut. = solution spt. = spirit syr. = syrup tastel. = tasteless tr. = tincture wh. = white 3 t., 4 t. = 3 times, 4 times

MERCK'S 1899 MANUAL.

PART FIRST.

THE MATERIA MEDICA,

AS IN ACTUAL USE TO-DAY BY AMERICAN PHYSICIANS.

_Reader please note_:--

The ~GALENIC PREPARATIONS~ of the United States Pharmacopoeia, when not listed under their own titles, will be found under the titles of the drugs from which they are derived.

~FOODS AND DIETETIC PRODUCTS~ proper will be found under the title: "Foods"; while Digestants, Hematinics, etc., are listed under their own titles.

~SMALL TYPE~ is employed for botanic drugs, gums, and some others of the older drugs and preparations which are so well known as to require but little description.

Those articles of which the ~MERCK~ brand is on the market, are--for convenience in prescribing--designated accordingly.

~Absinthin Merck.~

ABSINTHIIN--Yellow-brown, amorph. or cryst. powd.; very bitter.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform; slightly in ether; insol. in water.--Bitter Tonic (in anorexia, constipation, chlorosis, etc.).--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--4 grn.

Absinthium--U.S.P.

WORMWOOD.--Dose: 20--40 grn.--Infus. (1--2:64) and oil (D., 1--3 min.) used.

Acacia--U.S.P.

GUM ARABIC.--SOL. in water, insol. in alcohol.--_Preparations:_ Mucilage, Syr.--both vehicles.

~Acetanilid Merck.--U.S.P.--Cryst. or Powd.~

ANTIFEBRIN.--Wh. scales or powd.; odorl.; burning taste.--SOL. in 194 parts water, 5 alcohol, 18 ether; very sol. in chloroform.--Antipyretic, Analgesic, Antirheumatic, Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, fever, rheumatism, headache, alcoholism, delirium, neuralgia, sleeplessness in children, etc.; _extern._, like iodoform, and as a preservative of hypodermic solutions (1:500).--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn., in powd., alcoholic solut., or hot water cooled down and sweetened to taste. MAX. D.: 15 grn. single, 60 grn. daily.--CAUTION: Avoid large doses in fever!

~Acetyl-phenyl-hydrazine Merck.~

HYDRACETIN; PYRODIN.--Prisms, or tablets: silky luster; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. in 50 parts water; in alcohol, chloroform.--Antipyretic, Analgesic, Antiparasitic--USES: _Intern._, to reduce fever generally, in rheumatism, etc.; _extern._, psoriasis and other skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1/2--3 grn.--EXTERN. in 10% oint.

~Acid, Acetic, Merck.--Glacial.--U.S.P.--99.5%.--C.P.~

Caustic (in warts or corns) and Vesicant. Not used internally.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, magnesia, chalk, soap, oil, etc.

~Acid, Acetic, Merck.--U.S.P.--36%.~

~Dose:~ 15--40 [min.], well diluted.

Acid, Acetic, Diluted--U.S.P.

6 per cent.--~Dose:~ 2--4 drams.

~Acid, Agaricic, Merck.~

AGARIC, LARICIC or AGARICINIC, ACID.--Powd.; odorl.; almost tastel.--SOL. in ether or chloroform; in 130 parts cold and 10 parts boiling alcohol.--Antihidrotic.--USES: Night-sweat of phthisis, and to check the sudorific effects of antipyretics.--~Dose:~ 1/6--1/2 grn., at night, in pills.

~Acid, Arsenous, Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Powder.~

White powd.; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. very slightly in water or alcohol.--Antiperiodic, Antiseptic, Alterative.--USES: _Intern._, malarial fever, skin diseases, chorea, neuralgia, gastralgia, uterine disorders, diabetes, bronchitis; _extern._, to remove warts, cancers, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/30 grn. 4 t. daily.--MAX. D.: About 1/12 grn. single; about 1/6 grn. daily.--_Preparation:_ Solut. (1%).--EXTERN. on neoplasms in large amounts to get _quick results:_ otherwise it is dangerous. Keep from healthy tissues, lest dangerous absorption may occur.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics; stomach pump or siphon if seen immediately; hot milk and water with zinc sulphate or mustard. After vomiting, give milk or eggs, and magnesia in milk. If saccharated oxide of iron or dialyzed iron is handy, use it. If tincture of iron and ammonia water are within reach, precipitate former with latter, collect precipitate on a strainer, and give it wet. Always give antidotes, be the case ever so hopeless.--INCOMPATIBLES: Tannic acid, infusion cinchona, salts of iron, magnesium, etc.

~Acid, Benzoic, from Benzoin,--Merck.--U.S.P.--Sublimed.~

Pearly plates, or needles; aromatic odor and taste.--SOL. in 2 parts alcohol; 3 parts ether; 7 parts chloroform; 10 parts glycerin; 500 parts water. (Borax, or sod. phosphate, increases sol. in water.)--Antiseptic, Antipyretic, Expectorant.--USES: _Intern._, to acidify phosphatic urine, reduce acidity of uric-acid urine, control urinary incontinence, also in chronic bronchitis and jaundice; _extern._, wound dressing (1:100), in urticaria, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn. 6 t. daily.--INCOMPATIBLES: Corrosive sublimate, lead acetate, etc.

~Acid, Boric, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Impalpable Powder.~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Acid, Camphoric, Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Colorl. needles or scales; odorl.; feebly acid taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; very slightly in water; 50 parts fats or oils.--Antihidrotic, Antiseptic, Astringent, Anticatarrhal.--USES: _Extern._, 2--6% aqueous solut., with 11% of alcohol to each 1% of acid, in acute skin diseases, as gargle or spray in acute and chronic affections of respiratory tract; _intern._, night-sweats, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, gonorrhea, angina, chronic cystitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--30 grn., in powd.--MAX. D.: 60 grn.

~Acid, Carbolic, Merck.~--Absolute, C.P., Loose Crystals or Fused.--U.S.P.

PHENOL.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn., well diluted or in pills.--_Preparations:_ Glycerite (20%); Oint. (5%).--ANTIDOTES: Soluble alkaline sulphates after emesis with zinc sulphate; raw white of egg; calcium saccharate; stimulants hypodermically.--INCOMPATIBLES: Chloral hydrate, ferrous sulphate.

MERCK'S "Silver Label" Carbolic Acid is guaranteed not to redden under the proper precautions of keeping.

~Acid, Carbolic, Iodized, Merck.--N.F.~

IODIZED PHENOL.--Solut. of iodine in carbolic acid.--Antiseptic, Escharotic.--USES: Uterine dilatation.--APPLIED pure, by injection.

~Acid, Caryophyllic,~--see EUGENOL.

~Acid, Cetraric,~--see CETRARIN.

~Acid, Chloracetic, caustic, Merck.~

Mixture of chlorinated acetic acids.--Colorl. liq.--USES: Escharotic.

~Acid, Chromic, Merck.~--Highly Pure, Cryst.; also Fused, in Pencils.

INCOMPATIBLES: Alcohol, ether, glycerin, spirit of nitrous ether, arsenous acid, and nearly every organic substance.--CAUTION: Dangerous accidents may occur by contact with organic substances. Avoid cork stoppers!

~Acid, Chrysophanic, medicinal,--so-called,~--see CHRYSAROBIN.

~Acid, Cinnamic, Merck.--C.P.~

CINNAMYLIC ACID.--White scales; odorl.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; very slightly in water.--Antitubercular, Antiseptic.--USES: Tuberculosis and lupus, parenchymatously and intravenously.--APPLIED in 5% emulsion or alcoholic solut.--INJECTION (intravenously): 3/4--3/4 grn., in 5% oily emulsion, with 0.7% solut. sodium chloride, twice a week.

~Acid, Citric, Merck.--C.P., Cryst. or Powd.~

SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antiseptic, Antiscorbutic, and Refrigerant.--USES: _Extern._, post-partum hemorrhage; pruritus; agreeable application in diphtheria, angina or gangrenous sore mouth; _intern._, cooling beverage to assuage fever, and remedy in scurvy.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparation:_ Syr. (1%).--EXTERN., for painting throat, 5--10% solut. in glycerin; gargle, 1--2%; cooling drink, 80 grn. to 1 quart.

~Acid, Cresotic, Para-, Merck.--Pure.~

White needles.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform.--Children's Antipyretic, Intestinal Antiseptic.--USES: Febrile affections, gastro-intestinal catarrh. Mostly used as Sodium paracresotate (which see).--~Dose~ (acid): _Antipyretic_, 2--20 grn., according to age; _intestinal antiseptic_ (children's diseases), 3/4--1 grn., in mixture.--MAX. D.: 60 grn.

~Acid, Dichlor-acetic, Merck.--Pure.~

Colorl. liq.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Caustic.--USES: Venereal and skin diseases.

~Acid, Filicic, Merck.--Amorph.~

FILICINIC ACID.--Amorph., sticky powd.; odorl.; tastel.--Anthelmintic.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn.

~Acid, Gallic, Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, White Cryst.~

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Ferric salts.

~Acid, Hydrobromic, Merck.--Diluted.--U.S.P.--10%.~

~Dose:~ 30--90 [min.], in sweet water.

Acid, Hydrochloric--U.S.P.

31.9 per cent. HCl.--~Dose:~ 5--10 minims, well diluted.--ANTIDOTES: Chalk, whiting, magnesia, alkali carbonates, and albumen.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alkalies, silver salts, chlorates, salts of lead, etc.

Acid Hydrochloric, Diluted--U.S.P.

10 per cent. HCl.--~Dose:~ 10--30 minims, in sweet water.

Acid, Hydrocyanic, Diluted--U.S.P.

2 per cent. HCN--~Dose:~ 2--5 min.--MAX. DOSE: 10 min.--EXTERN. 1: 8--16 as lotion, only on unbroken skin.--CAUTION: Very liable to decomposition. When brown in color it is unfit for use.

~Acid, Hydro-iodic, Merck.--Sp. Gr. 1.5.--47%.~

Deep-brown, fuming liq.--Antirheumatic, Alterative.--USES: Rheumatism, bronchitis (acute or chronic), asthma, syphilis, obesity, psoriasis, to eliminate mercury or arsenic from the system, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.], in much sweet water.

~Acid, Hypophosphorous, Merck.--Diluted.--10%.~

~Dose:~ 10--60 [min.].

~Acid, Lactic, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

Caustic--APPLIED as 50--80% paint.

MERCK'S Lactic Acid is perfectly colorless and odorless.

~Acid, Laricic,~--see ACID, AGARICIC.

~Acid, Monochlor-acetic, Merck.~

Very deliquescent cryst.--SOL. in water.--Caustic.--USES: Warts, corns, etc.--APPLIED in concentrated solut.

Acid Nitric--U.S.P.

68 per cent. HNO{3}.--APPLIED (as an Escharotic) pure.--ANTIDOTES: Same as of hydrochloric acid.

Acid Nitric, Diluted--U.S.P.

10 per cent. HNO{3}.--~Dose:~ 5--30 minims, well diluted.

Acid, Nitro-hydrochloric, Diluted--U.S.P.

One-fifth strength of concentrated, which is not used therapeutically.--USES: _Intern._, jaundice, biliary calculi, dyspepsia, chronic rheumatism, etc.; _extern._, diluted, as sponge- or foot-bath, 2 or 3 t. a week.--~Dose:~ 5--20 minims, well diluted.--ANTIDOTES and INCOMPATIBLES: Same as of hydrochloric acid.

~Acid, Osmic,~--see ACID, PEROSMIC.

~Acid, Oxalic, Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Transparent cryst.; very acid taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol; slightly in ether.--Emmenagogue, Sedative.--USES: Functional amenorrhea, acute cystitis.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 grn. every 4 hours, in sweet water.--ANTIDOTES: Calcium saccharate, chalk, lime-water, magnesia.--INCOMPATIBLES: Iron and its salts, calcium salts, alkalies.

~Acid, Oxy-naphtoic, Alpha-, Merck.--Pure.~

White or yellowish powd.; odorl.; sternutatory.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform, fixed oils, aqueous solut's of alkalies and alkali carbonates; insol. in water.--Antiparasitic, Antizymotic.--USES: _Intern._, disinfectant intestinal tract (reported 5 times as powerful as salicylic acid); _extern._, in parasitic skin diseases (in 10% oint.), coryza, etc.--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--3 grn.

~Acid, Perosmic, Merck.~

OSMIC ACID.--Yellowish needles; very pungent, disagreeable odor.--SOL. in water, alcohol, ether.--Antineuralgic, Discutient, Antiepileptic.--USES: _Intern._, muscular rheumatism, neuralgia; _extern._, remove tumors, and in sciatica (by injection).--~Dose:~ 1/64 grn., several t. daily.--INJECTION: 1/20--1/6 grn. as 1% solut. in aqueous glycerin (40%)--ANTIDOTE: Sulphuretted hydrogen.--INCOMPATIBLES: Organic substances, phosphorus, ferrous sulphate, etc.--CAUTION: Vapor exceedingly irritating to the air-passages.

~Acid, Phosphoric, (Ortho-), Merck.--Syrupy.--85%.~

~Dose:~ 2--6 [min.], well diluted.

~do. Merck.~--Diluted.--10%.

~Dose:~ 20--60 [min.].--INCOMPATIBLES: Ferric chloride, lead acetate, etc.

~Acid, Picric, Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

PICRONITRIC, PICRINIC, OR CARBAZOTIC, ACID.--Yellow cryst.; odorl.; intensely bitter.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; sl. in water.--Antiperiodic, Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: _Intern._, in malaria, trichiniasis, etc.; _extern._, in crysipelas, eczema, burns, fissured nipples, etc.: 1/10% solut. for cracked nipples, 1/2--1% hydro-alcoholic solut. on compress renewed only every 3 to 7 days in burns.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn., in alcoholic solut.--MAX. D.: 5 grn.--ANTIDOTE: Albumen.--INCOMPATIBLES: All oxidizable substances. Dangerously explosive with sulphur, phosphorus, etc.--CAUTION: Do not apply in substance or in oint., lest toxic symptoms appear!

~Acid, Pyrogallic, Merck, (Pyrogallol, U.S.P.)--Resublimed.~

Used only _extern._, in 5--10% oint.

~Acid, Salicylic, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst.; and Natural~ (from Oil Wintergreen).

~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.

~Acid, Sozolic,~--see ASEPTOL.

~Acid, Sulpho-anilic, Merck.--Cryst.~

White efflorescent needles.--SOL. slightly in alcohol; 112 parts water.--Anticatarrhal, Analgesic.--USES: _Intern._, coryza, catarrhal laryngitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn. 1 to 2 t. daily, in aqueous sol. with sodium bicarb.

~Acid, Sulpho-salicylic, Merck.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES: Delicate urine-albumin test.

Acid, Sulphuric, Aromatic--U.S.P.

20 per cent. H{2}SO{4}.--Best form for administration.--~Dose:~ 10--20 min.

Acid, Sulphuric, Diluted--U.S.P.

10 per cent. H{2}SO{4}.--(Concentrated Sulphuric acid is not used medicinally.)--USES: _Intern._, gastro-intest. disorders, phthisical sweats, exophthalmic goiter, etc.; also as solvent for quin. sulph., etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 min., well diluted.--ANTIDOTES: Same as of hydrochloric acid.

Acid, Sulphurous--U.S.P.

6.4 per cent. SO{2}.--Antiseptic, Antizymotic.--~Dose:~ 15--60 min., well diluted. EXTERN. 10--25 per cent. solut.

~Acid, Tannic, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Light.~

~Dose:~ 2--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ Styptic Collodion (20%); Glycerite (20%); Oint. (20%); Troches (1 grn.).--INCOMPATIBLES: Ferrous and ferric salts, antimony and potassium tartrate, lime water, alkaloids, albumen, gelatin, starch.

~Acid, Tartaric, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Powd.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Acid, Trichlor-acetic, Merck.--Pure, Cryst.~

Deliquescent cryst.; pungent, suffocating odor; caustic. SOL. freely in water, alcohol, ether.--Escharotic, Astringent, Hemostatic.--USES: Venereal and cutaneous warts, papillomata, vascular nævi, pigment patches, corns, nosebleed, obstinate gleet, gonorrhea, nasopharyngeal affections and indolent ulcers.--APPLIED: As _escharotic_, pure, or in concentrated solut.; _astringent_ and _hemostatic_, 1--3% solut.--CAUTION: Keep in glass-stoppered bottle.

~Acid, Valerianic, Merck.~

Oily liq., strong valerian odor; bitter, burning taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform.--Antispasmodic, Sedative.--USES: Nervous affections, hysteria, mania, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--10 drops, in sweetened water.

Aconite Root--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/4--1/2 grn.), F.E. (D. 1/4--1 min.); Tr. (q.v.).--See also, Aconitine.

~Aconitine, Potent, Merck.--Cryst.~--(_Do not confound with the "Mild"!_)

Alkaloid from Aconite, prepared according to process of Duquesnel.--White cryst.; feebly bitter taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; insol. in water.--Antineuralgic, Diuretic, Sudorific, Anodyne.--USES: _Intern._, neuralgia, acute or chronic rheumatism, gout, toothache, etc.; _extern._, rheumatism, other pains.--~Dose:~ 1/640--1/200 grn. several t. daily, in pill or solut., with caution.--MAX. D.: 1/64 grn. single; 1/20 grn. daily.--EXTERN.: 1:2000--500 parts lard.--ANTIDOTES: Small repeated doses of stimulants; artificial respiration, atropine, digitalis, ammonia.--CAUTION: Never use on abraded surfaces. Danger of absorption! 10 times as toxic as the mild amorph. aconitine (below)!

~Aconitine, Mild, Merck.~--Amorph.--(_Do not confound with the "Potent"!_)

USES: As aconitine, potent, cryst.; but only 1/10 as powerful.--~Dose:~ 1/64--1/20 grn., very carefully increased.--EXTERN. 1/2--2% oint. or solut.

~Aconitine Nitrate Merck.--Cryst.~

~Dose:~ Same as of aconitine, potent, cryst.

~Adeps Lanæ Hydrosus Merck.--U.S.P.~

HYDROUS WOOL-FAT.--Yellowish-white, unctuous mass. Contains about 25% water. Freely takes up water and aqueous solut's.--Non-irritant, permanent emollient, and base for ointments and creams; succedaneum for lanolin in all its uses.

~Adeps Lanæ Anhydricus.~

(ANHYDROUS WOOL-FAT).--Contains less than 1% of water.

~Adonidin Merck.~

ADONIN.--Yellowish-brown, very hygroscopic, odorl. powd.; intensely bitter.--SOL. in water, alcohol; insol. in ether, chloroform.--Cardiac Stimulant, mild Diuretic.--USES: Heart diseases, especially mitral and aortic regurgitation, and relieving precordial pain and dyspnea.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/4 grn. 4 t. daily, in pill, or solut. in chloroform water with ammonium carbonate.--MAX. D.: 1 grn.

~Agaricin Merck.~

White powd.; sweet, with bitter after-taste.--SOL. in alcohol; slightly in water, ether, or chloroform.--Antihidrotic.--USES: Phthisical night-sweats, sweating from drugs.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.

~Airol.~

BISMUTH OXYIODOGALLATE, _Roche._--Grayish-green, odorl., tastel. powd.--INSOL. in water, alcohol, etc.--Surgical Antiseptic, like iodoform; also Antigonorrhoic and Intestinal Astringent.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn. 3 t. daily.--EXTERN. pure, 10% emuls. in equal parts glycerin and water, or 10--20% oint.

~Alantol Merck.~

Amber liq.; odor and taste like peppermint.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform, ether.--Internal Antiseptic, Anticatarrhal.--USES: Instead of turpentine, in pulmonary affections.--~Dose:~ 1/6 [min.], 10 t. daily, in pill, powd., or alcoholic solut.

Alcohol--U.S.P.

91 per cent.--Sp. Gr. 0.820.

~Aletris Cordial.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Prepared from Aletris farinosa [or True Unicorn], combined with aromatics.--Uterine Tonic and Restorative.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr. 3 or 4 t. daily.")

~Allyl Tribromide Merck.~

Yellow liq.; cryst. mass in cold.--SOL. in alcohol, ether.--Sedative, Antispasmodic. USES: Hysteria, asthma, whooping cough, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.], 2 or 3 t. daily, in capsules.--INJECTION: 2 or 3 drops, in 20 drops ether.

Almond, Bitter--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Oil (D., one-sixth to 1/2 min.); Spt. (1 per cent. oil); Water (q.v.).

Almond, Sweet--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Emuls. (as vehicle); Oil (D., 2--8 drams); Syr. (as vehicle).

Aloes, Barbadoes--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 2--20 grn.

Aloes, Purified--U.S.P.

From Socotrine Aloes.--~Dose:~ 1--10 grn.--_Preparations:_ Pills (2 grn.); Pills Aloes and Asafetida; Pills Aloes and Iron; Pills Aloes and Mastic; Pills Aloes and Myrrh; Tr. (1:10); Tr. Aloes and Myrrh.

Aloes, Socotrine--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 2--10 grn.--_Preparation:_ Ext. (D., 1--5 grn.).

~Aloin Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

BARBALOIN.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn.--MAX. D.: 4 grn. single, 10 grn. daily.--INJECTION: 1/4 grn. dissolved in formamide.

MERCK's Aloin, C.P., is _clearly soluble_, and meets all other requirements of U.S.P.

Althea--U.S.P.

MARSHMALLOW.--_Preparation:_ Syr. (1:20), as vehicle.

~Alums:--Ammonium; Ammonio-ferric; Potassium,~--see ALUMINIUM AND AMMONIUM SULPHATE; IRON AND AMMONIUM SULPHATE, FERRIC; AND ALUMINIUM AND POTASSIUM SULPHATE.

~Aluminium Acetate Merck.--Basic.~

Gummy mass or granular powd.--Insol. in water.--USES: _Intern._, diarrhea and dysentery; _extern._, washing foul wounds.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn. 3 t. daily.

~Aluminium Aceto-tartrate Merck.~

Lustrous, yellowish granules; sour-astringent taste.--SOL. freely but very slowly in water; insol. in alcohol, ether, glycerin.--Energetic Disinfectant and Astringent.--USES: Chiefly in diseases of the air-passages.--APPLIED in 1/2 to 2% solutions; or as snuff, with 1/2 its weight of powdered boric acid; 50% solut. for chilblains.

~Aluminium Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure.~

White lumps or powd.; odorl.; sweet-astringent taste.--SOL. in 1.2 parts water.--External Antiseptic, Caustic, Astringent.--USES: Fetid ulcers, fetid discharges; enlarged tonsils, scrofulous and cancerous ulcers; endometritis; nasal polypi, etc.--APPLIED in 1: 20 to 1: 100 solut., or concentrated solut.

~Aluminium & Potassium Sulphate Merck.~--(_Alum, U.S.P._)--~C.P. Cryst. or Powd.; Pure, Burnt; and in Pencils (Plain or Mounted).~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.; _emetic_, 1--2 teaspoonfuls.

~Adonidin Merck.~

ADONIN.--Yellowish-brown, very hygroscopic, odorl. powd.; intensely bitter.--SOL. in water, alcohol; insol. in ether, chloroform.--Cardiac Stimulant, mild Diuretic.--USES: Heart diseases, especially mitral and aortic regurgitation, and relieving precordial pain and dyspnea.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/4 grn. 4 t. daily, in pill, or solut. in chloroform water with ammonium carbonate.--MAX. D.: 1 grn.

~Agaricin Merck.~

White powd.; sweet, with bitter after-taste.--SOL. in alcohol; slightly in water, ether, or chloroform.--Antihidrotic.--USES: Phthisical night-sweats, sweating from drugs.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.

~Airol.~

BISMUTH OXYIODOGALLATE, _Roche._--Grayish-green, odorl., tastel. powd.--INSOL. in water, alcohol, etc.--Surgical Antiseptic, like iodoform; also Antigonorrhoic and Intestinal Astringent.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn. 3 t. daily.--EXTERN. pure, 10% emuls. in equal parts glycerin and water, or 10--20% oint.

~Alantol Merck.~

Amber liq.; odor and taste like peppermint.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform, ether.--Internal Antiseptic, Anticatarrhal.--USES: Instead of turpentine, in pulmonary affections.--~Dose:~ 1/6 [min.], 10 t. daily, in pill, powd., or alcoholic solut.

Alcohol--U.S.P.

91 per cent.--Sp. Gr. 0.820.

~Aluminum, etc.,~--see ALUMINIUM, ETC.

Ammonia Water--U.S.P.

10 per cent. NH{3}.--~Dose:~ 10--30 min.--_Preparations:_ Lin. (3 per cent. NH{3}); Arom. Spt. (0.9 per cent. NH{3}).

Ammonia Water, Stronger--U.S.P.

28 per cent. NH{3}.--~Dose:~ 4--10 min., well diluted.--ANTIDOTES: Acetic, tartaric, dil. hydrochloric acids, after vomiting.--INCOMPATIBLES: Strong mineral acids, iodine, chlorine water, alkaloids.--_Preparation:_ Spt. (10 per cent. NH{3}).

Ammoniac--U.S.P.

GUM or RESIN AMMONIAC.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--_Preparations:_ Emuls. (4 per cent.); Plaster (with mercury).

~Ammonium Arsenate Merck.~

White, efflorescent cryst.--SOL. in water.--Alterative.--USES: Chiefly in skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1/2 grn., gradually increased, 3 t. daily in water.

~Ammonium Benzoate Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn. 3 or 4 t. daily, in syrup or water.

~Ammonium Bicarbonate Merck.--Pure, Cryst.~

SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antacid, Stimulant.--USES: Acid fermentation of stomach; stimulant depressed condition.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Ammonium Bromide.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 15--30 grn.

~Ammonium Carbonate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.

~Ammonium Chloride Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Granul.~

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ Troches (1-1/2 grn.).

~Ammonium Embelate Merck.~

Red, tastel. powd.--SOL. in diluted alcohol.--USES: Tape-worm.--~Dose:~ Children, 3 grn.; adults, 6 grn., in syrup or honey, or in wafers, on empty stomach, and followed by castor oil.

~Ammonium Fluoride Merck.--C.P.~

Very deliquescent, colorl. cryst.; strong saline taste.--SOL. in water.; slightly in alcohol.--Antiperiodic, Alterative.--USES: Hypertrophy of spleen and in goitre.--~Dose:~ 5--20 [min.] of a solut. containing 4 grn. to 1 ounce water.--CAUTION: Keep in gutta-percha bottles!

~Ammonium Hypophosphite Merck.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water.--USES: Phthisis, and diseases with loss of nerve power.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn., 3 t. daily.

~Ammonium Ichthyol-sulphonate,~--see ICHTHYOL.

Ammonium Iodide--U.S.P.

Deliquescent, unstable powd.--Alterative, Resolvent.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.

~Ammonium Phosphate, Dibasic, Merck.--C.P.~

Colorl. prisms; odorl.; cooling, saline taste.--SOL. in 4 parts water.--USES: Rheumatism, gout.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn., 3 or 4 t. daily, in water.

~Ammonium Picrate Merck.~

AMMONIUM PICRONITRATE or CARBAZOTATE.--Bright-yellow scales or prisms.--SOL. in water.--Antipyretic, Antiperiodic.--USES: Malarial neuralgia, periodic fevers, and headache.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1-1/2 grn., 3 t. daily, in pills.

~Ammonium Salicylate Merck.~

Colorl. prisms.--SOL. in water.--Antirheumatic, Antipyretic, Germicide, Expectorant.--USES: In febrile conditions, bronchitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--10 grn., in wafers.

~Ammonium Sulpho-ichthyolate,~--see ICHTHYOL.

~Ammonium Tartrate Merck.--Neutral, Cryst.~

Colorl.--SOL. in water.--Expectorant.--~Dose:~ 5--30 grn.

~Ammonium Valerianate Merck.--White, Cryst.~

~Dose:~ 2--8 grn.

~Ammonium & Iron Tartrate Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Ammonium Double-Salts,~--see under BISMUTH, IRON, POTASSIUM SODIUM, ETC.

~Ammonol.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated to be "AMMONIATED PHENYLACETAMIDE.--Yellowish alkaline powd.: ammoniacal taste and odor.--Antipyretic, Analgesic.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn., 3--6 t. daily, in caps., tabl., or wafers.")

~Amyl Nitrite Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, or in Pearls (1--3 drops).~

CAUTION: Amyl Nitrite is so very volatile that it is practically impossible to so stopper bottles that they will carry it without loss, especially in warm weather. Shipped in cool weather and kept in a cool place, the loss is not material, but if kept in a warm place, or if agitated much, so as to keep up any pressure of the vapor within the bottle, the loss will be considerable, proportionately to the pressure.--~Dose:~ 2--5 drops, in brandy.

~Amylene Hydrate Merck.~

Colorl., oily liq.; ethereal, camphoric taste.--SOL. in 8 parts water; all proportions of alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene, glycerin.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--USES: Insomnia, alcoholic excitement, epilepsy, whooping cough, etc.--~Dose:~ Hypnotic, 45--90 [min.]; sedative, 15--30 [min.]; in beer, wine, brandy, syrup, etc., or in capsules.

~Anemonin Merck.~

Colorl., odorl., neutral needles.--SOL. in hot alcohol, chloroform; insol. in water.--Antispasmodic, Sedative, Anodyne.--USES: Asthma, bronchitis, whooping cough, dysmenorrhea, orchitis, oöphoritis and other painful affections of female pelvis.--~Dose:~ 1/4--3/4 grn., 2 t. daily.--MAX. D.: 1-1/2 grn. single, 3 grn. daily.

Anise-U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Oil (D., 5--10 min.); Spt. (10 per cent. oil); Water (one-fifth per cent. oil).

~Anthrarobin Merck.~

Yellowish-white powd.--SOL. in weak alkaline solut.; slightly in chloroform and ether; in 10 parts alcohol.--Deoxidizer, Antiseptic--USES: _Extern._, instead of chrysarobin in skin diseases, especially psoriasis, tinea tonsurans, pityriasis versicolor, and herpes.--APPLIED in 10 to 20% oint. or alcoholic solut.

~Antifebrin,~--see ACETANILID.

~Antikamnia.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Coal-tar derivative.--Wh., odorl. powd.--Antipyretic, Analgesic.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn., in powd. or tabl.")

~Antimony Oxide, Antimonous, Merck.~

Expectorant.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.--_Preparation:_ Antimonial Powder (33%).

~Antimony Sulphide, Black, Merck.~--(_Purified Antimony Sulphide, U.S.P._).

Diaphoretic, Alterative.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Antimony Sulphide, Golden, Merck.--C.P.~

Alterative, Diaphoretic, Emetic, Expectorant.--~Dose:~ 1/6--1-1/2 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Sour food, acid syrups, metallic salts.

~Antimony, Sulphurated, Merck.~

KERMES MINERAL.--Alterative, Diaphoretic, Emetic.--USES: Cutaneous diseases and syphilis; alterative generally.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn. in pill; as emetic, 5--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ Pills Antimony Compound (0.6 grn.).

~Antimony & Potassium Tartrate Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst. or Powd.~

TARTAR EMETIC.--~Dose:~ _alter._, 1/32--1/16 grn.; _diaphor._ and _expect._, 1/12--1/6 grn.; _emetic_, 1/2 grn. every 20 minutes.--_Preparation:_ Wine Antimony (0.4%).--ANTIDOTES (as for antimonial compounds in general): Tannic acid in solut., freely; stimulants and demulcents.

~Antinosine.~

Sodium salt of nosophen.--Greenish-blue powd., of faint iodine odor.--SOL. in water.--Antiseptic.--USES: Chiefly in vesical catarrh.--EXTERN. in 1/10--1/2 per cent. solut.

~Antipyrine.~

PHENYL-DIMETHYL-PYRAZOLONE.--SOL. in 1 part of water, 2 alcohol.---~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.--APPLIED (as Styptic) in 20 per cent. solut. or pure.--INCOMPATIBLES: Acids, alkalies, cinchona preparations, copper sulphate, spirit nitrous ether, syrup ferrous iodide; also tinctures of catechu, ferric chloride, iodine, kino, and rhubarb.

~Antispasmin.~

NARCEINE-SODIUM and SODIUM SALICYLATE, _Merck_.--Reddish, slightly hygroscopic powd.; 50% narceine.--SOL. in water.--Antispasmodic, Sedative, and Hypnotic.--USES: Whooping-cough, laryngitis stridula, irritating coughs, etc.--~Dose:~ (5% solut., 3--4 t. daily): under 1/2 year 3--5 drops, 1/2 year 5--8 drops, 1 year 8--10 drops, 2 years 10--12 drops, 3 years 15--20 drops, older children 20--40 drops.--CAUTION: Keep from air!

~Antitoxin, Diphtheria.~

From serum of blood that has been subjected to poison of diphtheria.--Limpid liq., generally preserved with 1/2% carbolic acid or other preservative.--~Dose~ (children): _Prophylactic_, 200--250 antitoxic units; _ordinary_ cases, 600--1000 units; _severe_ cases (or those seen late, or of nasal or laryngeal type), 1500--3000 units; given hypodermically, and repeated in about 8 hours if necessary. Adults receive twice as much. CAUTION: The various brands differ in strength.

~Apiol, Green, Merck.--Fluid.~

Greenish, oily liq.--SOL. in alcohol, ether.--Emmenagogue, Antiperiodic.--USES: Dysmenorrhea, malaria.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.], 2 or 3 t. daily, in capsules; in malaria 15--30 [min.].

~Apiollne.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "True active principle of parsley, in 4-min. capsules.--Emmenagogue.--~Dose:~ 2 or 3 caps., with meals.")

~Apocodeine Hydrochlorate Merck.~

Yellow-gray, very hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in water.--Expectorant, Sedative Hypnotic.--USES: Chronic bronchitis, and other bronchial affections. Acts like codeine, but weaker; induces large secretion of saliva, and accelerates peristalsis.--~Dose:~ 3--4 grn. daily, in pills.--INJECTION: 1/6--1/2 grn., in 2% aqueous solut.

Apocynum--U.S.P.

CANADIAN HEMP.--Diuretic.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Apomorphine Hydrochlorate Merck.--U.S.P.--Cryst. or Amorphous.~

~Dose:~ _Expect._, 1/60--1/20 grn.; _emetic_, 1/15--1/8 grn.--INJECT. (emetic): 1/10--1/5 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Strychnine, chloral, chloroform.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alkalies, potassium iodide, ferric chloride.--CAUTION: Keep dark and well-stoppered!

~Aqua Levico, Fortis and Mitis.~

NATURAL ARSENO-FERRO-CUPRIC WATERS, from springs at Levico, Tyrol.--ALTERANT TONIC.--USES: Anemic, chlorotic, neurasthenic, and neurotic conditions; in scrofulous, malarial, and other cachexias; and in various chronic dermatoses.--~Dose:~ Tablespoonful of Aqua Levico Mitis, diluted, after meals, morning and night. After a few days, increase dose gradually, up to 3 tablespoonfuls. After one or two weeks, substitute for the two doses a single daily dose of one tablespoonful of Aqua Levico Fortis, best with principal meal. Some days later, augment this dose gradually as before. Constitutional effects and idiosyncrasies are to be watched, and dosage modified accordingly. Decreasing dosage at conclusion of treatment, with a return to the "Mitis," is usual.

~Arbutin Merck.~

White needles; bitter.--SOL. in alcohol; slightly in water.--Diuretic.--USES: Instead of uva-ursi.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn. 4 t. daily.

~Arecoline Hydrobromate Merck.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Myotic.--APPLIED in 1% solut.

~Argentamine.~

8% solut. silver phosphate in 15% solut. ethylene-diamine.--Alkaline liq., turning yellow on exposure.--Antiseptic and Astringent, like silver nitrate.--USES: Chiefly gonorrhea.--Inject. in 1:4000 solut.

~Argonin.~

Silver-casein compound; 4.25 per cent. silver.--Wh. powd.--SOL. in hot water; ammonia increases solubility.--Antiseptic.--USES: Chiefly in gonorrhea, in 1--2 per cent. solut.

~Aristol.~

DITHYMOL DI-IODIDE.--Reddish-brown, tastel. powd.; 46% iodine.--SOL. in chloroform, ether, fatty oils; sparingly in alcohol; insoluble in water or glycerin.--Succedaneum for iodoform externally.--APPLIED like the latter.--INCOMPATIBLES: Ammonia, corrosive sublim., metallic oxides, starch, alkalies or their carbonates; also heat.--CAUTION: Keep from light!

Arnica Flowers--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ Tr. (D., 10--30 min.).

Arnica Root--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ Ext. (D. 1--2 grn.); F.E. (D., 5--10 min.); Tr. (D., 20--40 min.).

~Arsenauro.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "10 min. contain 1/32 grn. each gold and arsenic bromides.--Alterative Tonic.--~Dose:~ 5--15 min., in water, after meals.")

~Arsen-hemol Merck.~

Hemol with 1% arsenous acid.--Brown powd.--Alterative and Hematinic; substitute for arsenic, without untoward action on stomach.--~Dose:~ 1-1/2 grn., in pill, 2 to 3 t. daily, adding one pill to the daily dose every fourth day until 10 pills are taken per day.

~Arsenic Bromide Merck.~

Colorless, deliquescent prisms; strong arsenic odor.--SOL. in water.--USES: Diabetes.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/15 grn.--MAX. D.: 1/6 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Same as arsenous acid.--INCOMPATIBLE: Water.--CAUTION: Keep well-stoppered!

~Arsenic Chloride Merck.~

Colorless, oily liq.--Decomposes with water.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, oils.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/15 grn.

~Arsenic Iodide Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst.~

~Dose:~ 1/60--1/15 grn., in pills.--MAX. D.: 1/8 grn.--INCOMPATIBLE: Water.--CAUTION: Keep from air and light!

Asafetida--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--_Preparations:_ Emuls. (4 per cent.); Pills (3 grn.); Tr. (1:5).

~Asaprol Merck.~

CALCIUM BETA-NAPHTOL-ALPHA-MONO-SULPHONATE.--Whitish to reddish-gray powd.; slightly bitter, then sweet, taste.--SOL. in water; 3 parts alcohol.--Analgesic, Antiseptic, Antirheumatic, Antipyretic.--USES: Tuberculosis, rheumatism, pharyngitis, gout, typhoid fever, sciatica, diphtheria, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn.--EXTERN. in 2--5% solut.--INCOMPATIBLES: Antipyrine and quinine.--CAUTION: Keep from heat and moisture!

Asclepias--U.S.P.

PLEURISY ROOT.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D. 20--60 min.).

~Aseptol Merck.~

SOZOLIC ACID.--33-1/3% solut. ortho-phenol-sulphonic acid.--Yellow-brown liq.; odor carbolic acid.--SOL. in alcohol, glycerin; all proportions water.--Antiseptic, Disinfectant.--USES: _Extern._, in diseases of bladder, eye, skin, and in diphtheria, laryngitis, gingivitis, etc.--APPLIED in 1 to 10% solut.--CAUTION: Keep from light!

Aspidium--U.S.P.

MALE FERN.--~Dose:~ 30--90 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oleoresin (q.v.).

Aspidosperma--U.S.P.

QUEBRACHO.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.).

~Aspidospermine Merck.~--Amorph., Pure.

Brown-yellow plates; bitter taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene.--Respiratory Stimulant, Antispasmodic.--USES: Dyspnea, asthma, spasmodic croup, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn., in pills.

~Atropine (Alkaloid) Merck.~--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst.

~Dose:~ 1/120--1/60 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics; pilocarpine, muscarine nitrate, or morphine, hypodermically; tannin, or charcoal before absorption.--INCOMPATIBLES: _Chemical_, alkalies, tannin, salts of mercury; _physiological_, morphine, pilocarpine, muscarine, aconitine, and eserine.

~Atropine Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst.~

USES and DOSE: Same as of alkaloid.

(Other salts of Atropine are not described because used substantially like the above.)

Balsam Peru--U.S.P.

SOL. in absol. alcohol, chloroform; insol. in water.--~Dose:~ 10--30 min.

Balsam Tolu--U.S.P.

SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; insol. in water.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--_Preparations:_ Syr. (1:100); Tr. (1:10).

~Baptisin Merck.--Pure.~

Brownish powd.--SOL. in alcohol.--Purgative in large doses; Tonic, Astringent in small doses.--USES: Scarlet fever, chronic dysentery, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/2--5 grn., in pills.

~Barium Chloride Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Colorl.; bitter, salty taste.--SOL. in 2-1/2 parts water; almost insol. in alcohol.--Cardiac Tonic and Alterative.--USES: _Intern._, arterial sclerosis and atheromatous degeneration, syphilis, scrofula, etc.; _extern._, eye-wash.--~Dose:~ 1/10--1/2 grn., 3 t. daily, in 1% sweetened, aromatic solut.--ANTIDOTES: Sodium or magnesium sulphate; emetic; stomach pump.

~Barium Iodide Merck.~

Deliquescent cryst.--Decomposes and reddens on exposure.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Alterative.--USES: Scrofulous affections, morbid growths.--~Dose:~ 1/10--1/2 grn., 3 t. daily.--EXTERN. as oint. 4 grn. in 1 ounce lard.--CAUTION: Keep well stoppered!

~Barium Sulphide Merck.--Pure.~

Amorph., light-yellow powd.--SOL. in water.--Alterative.--USES: Syphilitic and scrofulous affections; depilatory (with flour).--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 grn. in keratin-coated pills.

~Bebeerine Merck.--Pure.~

BEBIRINE; BIBIRINE; supposed identical with BUXINE and PELOSINE.--Yellowish-brown, amorph. powd.; odorl.; bitter.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water.--Antipyretic, Tonic, similar to quinine.--~Dose:~ _Febrifuge_, 6--12 grn.; _tonic_, 1/2--1-1/2 grn. 3 or 4 t. daily.

~Bebeerine Sulphate Merck.~

Reddish-brown scales.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES and DOSES: As of bebeerine.

Belladonna Leaves--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/8--1/2 grn.); Tr. (D., 5--20 min.); Plaster (20 per cent. ext.); Oint. (10 per cent. ext.)

Belladonna Root--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 1/2--2 min.); Lin. (95 per cent. F.E., 5 per cent. camphor).

~Benzanilide Merck.~

White powd., or colorl. scales.--SOL. in 58 parts alcohol; slightly in ether; almost insol. in water.--Antipyretic, especially for children.---~Dose:~ _Children_, 1-1/2--6 grn., according to age, several t. daily; _adults_, 10--15 grn.

~Benzene, from Coal Tar, Merck.--Highly Purified, Crystallizable.~

MISCIBLE with alcohol, ether, chloroform, oils.--Antispasmodic and Anticatarrhal.--USES: Whooping-cough, influenza, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--10 [min.] every 3 hours, in emulsion, or on sugar or in capsules.--MAX. D.: 45 [min.].

Benzoin--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Tr. (D., 20--40 min.), Comp. Tr. (D., 30--60 min.).

~Benzolyptus.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Alkaline solution of various highly approved antiseptics of recognized value in catarrhal affections; Dental and Surgical Disinfectant; Antifermentative.--Liq.--SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr., diluted.--EXTERN. in 10--30% solut.")

~Benzosol.~

BENZOYL-GUAIACOL; GUAIACOL BENZOATE.--Wh., odorl., alm. tastel., cryst. powd.--SOL. in alcohol; insol. in water.--Antitubercular, Intest. Antiseptic.--~Dose:~ 3--15 grn., in pill, or powd. with peppermint-oil sugar.

~Benzoyl-pseudotropeine Hydrochlorate Merck,~--see TROPACOCAINE, ETC.

~Berberine Carbonate Merck.~

Yellowish-brown cryst. powd.: bitter taste.--SOL. in diluted acids.--Antiperiodic, Stomachic, Tonic.--USES: Malarial affections, amenorrhea, enlargement of spleen, anorexia, chronic intestinal catarrh, vomiting of pregnancy, etc.--~Dose:~ _Antiperiodic_, 8--15 grn.; _stomachic and tonic_, 1/2--1-1/2 grn. 3 t. daily; in pills or capsules.

~Berberine Hydrochlorate Merck.--Cryst.~

Yellow, microcrystalline needles.--SOL. in water.--USES and DOSE: Same as berberine carbonate.

~Berberine Phosphate Merck.--Cryst.~

Yellow powd.--SOL. in water.--Most sol. salt of berberine, and easiest to administer, in pills, hydro-alcoholic solut., or aromatic syrup.---USES and DOSE: Same as berberine carbonate.

~Berberine Sulphate Merck.--Cryst.~

Yellow needles.--SOL. with difficulty in water; almost insol. in alcohol.--USES and DOSE: Same as berberine carbonate.

~Betol Merck.~

NAPHTALOL; NAPHTO-SALOL; SALI-NAPHTOL; BETA-NAPHTOL SALICYLATE.--White powd.; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. in boiling alcohol, in ether, benzene; insol. in water, glycerin.--Internal Antiseptic, Antizymotic, Antirheumatic.--USES: Putrid processes of intestinal tract, cystic catarrh, rheumatism, etc.--~Dose:~ 4--8 grn., 4 t. daily, in wafers, milk or emulsion.

~Bismal.~

BISMUTH METHYLENE-DIGALLATE, _Merck_.--Gray-blue powd.--SOL. in alkalies; insol. in water or gastric juice.--Intestinal Astringent (especially in diarrheas not benefited by opiates).--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn. every 3 hours, in wafers or powd.

~Bismuth Benzoate Merck.--C.P.~

White, tastel. powd.--27% of benzoic acid.--SOL. in mineral acids; insol. in water.--Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, gastro-intestinal diseases; _extern._, like iodoform on wounds, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Bismuth Beta-naphtolate.~

ORPHOL.--Brown, insol. powd.; 23% beta-naphtol.--Intestinal Antiseptic.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn., in pills or wafers; children half as much.

~Bismuth Citrate Merck.--U.S.P.~

White powd.; odorl.; tastel.--SOL., very slightly in water.--Stomachic and Astringent.--USES: Diarrhea, dyspepsia, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.

~Bismuth Nitrate Merck.--Cryst.~

BISMUTH TER-NITRATE or TRINITRATE.--Colorl. hygroscopic cryst.; acid taste.--Changed to sub-nitrate by water.--SOL. in acids, glycerin.--Astringent, Antiseptic.--USES: Phthisical diarrhea, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn., dissolved in glycerin and then diluted with water.

~Bismuth Oxyiodide Merck.~

BISMUTH SUBIODIDE.--Brownish-red, amorph., insol. powd.; odorl., tastel.--Antiseptic.--USES: _Extern._, on suppurating wounds, ulcers, in skin diseases, gonorrhea, etc.; _intern._, gastric ulcers, typhoid fever, and diseases of mucous membranes.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn., 3 t. daily, in mixture, powd., or capsule.--EXTERN. like iodoform; in gonorrhea in 1% injection.

~Bismuth Phosphate, Soluble, Merck.~

White powd.--SOL. in 3 parts water.--Intestinal Antiseptic and Astringent.--USES: Acute gastric or intestinal catarrh.--~Dose:~ 3--8 grn.

~Bismuth Salicylate Merck.--Basic.--64% Bi{2}O{3}.~

White, odorl., tastel. powd.; insol. in water.--External and Intestinal Antiseptic and Astringent.--USES: _Intern._, phthisical diarrhea, summer complaint, typhoid, etc.; _extern._, like iodoform.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Bismuth Sub-benzoate Merck.~

White powd.--Antiseptic, like iodoform.--USES: As dusting-powd. for syphilitic ulcers, etc.

~Bismuth Subcarbonate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--30 grn.

~Bismuth Subgallate Merck.~

Odorl., yellow, insol. powd.; 55% Bi{2}O{3}.--Siccative Antiseptic, and substitute for bismuth subnitrate internally.--USES: _Extern._, on wounds, ulcers, eczemas, etc.; _intern._, in gastro-intestinal affections.--~Dose:~ 4--8 grn., several t. daily.--EXTERN. like iodoform.

~Bismuth Subiodide~,--see BISMUTH OXYIODIDE.

~Bismuth Subnitrate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--40 grn.

MERCK'S Bismuth Subnitrate is a very light powder and fully conforms to the pharmacopoeial requirements.

~Bismuth Valerianate Merck.~

White powd., valerian odor.--INSOL. in water, alcohol.--Sedative, Antispasmodic.--USES: Nervous headache, cardialgia, chorea, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.

~Bismuth and Ammonium Citrate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in water; slightly in alcohol.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

Black Haw--U.S.P.

VIBURNUM PRUNIFOLIUM.--Nervine, Oxytocic, Astringent.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.)

~Borax~,--see SODIUM BORATE.

~Boro-fluorine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Contains 19-1/4% boric acid, 5-3/4% sodium fluoride, 3% benzoic acid, 42% gum vehicle, 1/2% formaldehyde, 29-1/2% water.--Colorl. liq.; miscible with water in all proport.--Surgical Antiseptic, Internal Disinfectant.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 fl. dr., in water.--EXTERN. mostly in 5--20% solut.")

~Borolyptol.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "5% aceto-boro-glyceride, 0.1% formaldehyde, with the antiseptic constituents of pinus pumilio, eucalyptus, myrrh, storax, and benzoin.--Arom., slightly astring., non-staining liq.--Antiseptic, Disinfectant.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 fl. dr., diluted.--EXTERN. in 5--50% solut.")

~Brayerin,~--see KOUSSEIN.

~Bromalin.~

HEXAMETHYLENE-TETRAMINE BROMETHYLATE, _Merck._--Colorl. laminæ, or white powd.--SOL. in water.--Nerve-sedative, Antiepileptic; free from untoward effects of inorganic bromides.--USES: As substitute for potassium bromide.--~Dose:~ 30--60 grn., several t. daily, in wafers or sweetened water.

~Bromides (Peacock's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fl. dr. represents 15 grn. combined bromides of potass., sod., calc., ammon., lithium.--Sedative, Antiepileptic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., in water, 3 or 4 t. daily.")

~Bromidia.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fl. dr. contains 15 grn. each chloral hydrate and potass. bromide, 1/8 grn. each ext. cannab. ind. and ext. hyoscyam.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs.")

Bromine--U.S.P.

SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, solut. bromides; also 30 parts water.--~Dose:~ 1--3 min., well diluted. EXTERN. 1/4--1 per cent. washes or oily paints; as caustic, pure or 1:1 alcohol.--ANTIDOTES: Stomach irrigation, croton oil in alkaline solut., inhalation of ammonia.

~Bromipin Merck.~

Bromine addition-product of sesame oil.--Yellow oily fluid, of purely oleaginous taste; contains 10% bromine.--Nervine and Sedative.--~Dose:~ Tea- to tablespoonful, 3 or 4 t. daily, in emulsion with peppermint water and syrup.

~Bromoform Merck.--C.P.~

Heavy liq., odor and taste similar to chloroform; darkens on exposure.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; almost insol. in water.--Antispasmodic, Sedative.--USES: Chiefly whooping-cough.--~Dose~ (3 or 4 t. daily): Under 1 year, 1--3 drops; 1--4 years, 4--5 drops; 5--7 years, 6--7 drops, in hydro-alcoholic solut. or in emulsion.--CAUTION: Keep well-stoppered!

~Bromo-hemol Merck.~

Hemol with 2.7% bromine.--Brown powd.--Organic, easily assimilable Nerve-tonic and Sedative; without the deleterious effect on the blood common to the inorganic bromides.--USES: Hysteria, neurasthenia, epilepsy.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn., 3 t. daily.

~Brucine Merck.~--Pure.

White powd.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform.--Nerve-tonic, like strychnine, but much milder.--~Dose:~ 1/12--1/2 grn., in pills or solut.--MAX D.: 3/4 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Chloral, chloroform, tannic acid.

Bryonia--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ Tr. (D., 1--4 drams).

Buchu--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.).

~Butyl-Chloral Hydrate Merck.~

"CROTON"-CHLORAL HYDRATE.--Light, white, cryst. scales; pungent odor.--SOL. in water, alcohol, glycerin.--Analgesic, Hypnotic.--USES: Trigeminal neuralgia, toothache, etc., insomnia of heart disease.--~Dose:~ _Hypnotic_, 15--30 grn.; _analgesic_, 2--6 grn.; in solut. water, alcohol, or glycerin.--MAX. D.: 45 grn.--EXTERN. with equal part phenol.--ANTIDOTES: Atropine, strychnine, caffeine, artificial respiration.

~Cadmium Iodide Merck.~

Lustrous tables.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Resolvent, Antiseptic.--USES: Scrofulous glands, chronic inflammation of joints, chilblains, and skin diseases.--APPLIED in oint. 1 in 8 lard.

~Cadmium Sulphate Merck.--Pure.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: Instead of zinc sulphate in eye washes (1/2--1% solut.).

~Caesium and Ammonium Bromide Merck.~

White, cryst. powd.--Sol. in water.--Nerve Sedative.--USES: Epilepsy, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--45 grn., 1 or 2 t. daily.

~Caffeine Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure.~

THEINE: GUARANINE.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.--MAX. D.: 10 grn. single, 30 grn. daily.

~Caffeine, Citrated, Merck.--U.S.P.~

(Improperly called "Citrate of Caffeine").--50% caffeine.--White powd.; acid taste.--~Dose:~ 2--10 grn.

~Caffeine Hydrobromate Merck.--True salt.~

Glass-like cryst.; reddish or greenish on exposure.--SOL. in water, with decomposition.--USES: Chiefly as diuretic, hypodermically.--INJECTION: 4--10 [min.] of solut. caffeine hydrobromate 10 parts, hydrobromic-acid 1 part, distilled water 3 parts.--CAUTION: Keep well stoppered, in brown bottles!

~Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Merck.~

45.8% caffeine.--White powd.--SOL. in 2 parts water.--USES: By injection, 2--10 grn.

~Caffeine and Sodium Salicylate Merck.~

62.5% caffeine.--White powd.--SOL. in 2 parts water.--USES: By injection; in rheumatism with heart disease, and in threatened collapse of pneumonia.--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--6 grn.

Calamus--U.S.P.

SWEET FLAG.--~Dose:~ 15--60 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Calcium Bromide Merck.--U.S.P.~

White granules; very deliquescent; sharp, saline taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Nerve Sedative, like potassium bromide.--USES: Epilepsy, hysteria, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn., 2 t. daily.

~Calcium Carbonate, Precipitated, Merck.--U.S.P.~

PRECIPITATED CHALK.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.

Calcium Carbonate, Prepared--U.S.P.

DROP CHALK.--_Preparations:_ Comp. Powd. (D., 10--30 grn.); Mercury with Chalk (D., 3--10 grn.), Chalk Mixt. (D., 1--4 fl. drs.); Troches (4 grn.).

~Calcium Chloride Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure.~

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.

~Calcium Glycerino-phosphate Merck.~

White cryst. powd.--SOL. in water; almost insol. in boiling water.--Directly assimilable. Nerve-tonic and Reconstructive.--USES: In rachitis, wasting diseases, and convalescence.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., 3 t. daily, in syrup or solut.

~Calcium Hippurate Merck.~

White powd.--SOL. slightly in hot water.--Alterative and Antilithic.--USES: Cystitis, lithiasis, scrophulosis, phthisis, difficult dentition, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Calcium Hypophosphite Merck.--Purified.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Calcium Lactophosphate Merck.--Cryst., Soluble.~

White, hard crusts; 1% phosphorus.--SOL. in water.--Stimulant and Nutrient.--USES: Rachitis, and conditions of malnutrition.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn., 3 t. daily.--_Preparation:_ Syr. (3%).

~Calcium Permanganate Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Deliquescent, brown cryst.--SOL. in water.--USES: _Intern._, gastro-enteritis and diarrhea of children; _extern._, as other permanganates for mouth lotions and for sterilizing water; and vastly more powerful than potassium permanganate.--~Dose:~ 3/4--2 grn., well diluted.

~Calcium Phosphate, Tribasic, Merck~--(_Precipitated Calcium Phosphate, U.S.P._).--~Pure, Dry.~

~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.

~Calcium Sulphite Merck.--Pure.~

White powd.--SOL. in 20 parts glycerin, 800 parts water.--Antizymotic.--USES: Flatulence, diarrhea, and some dyspepsias.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., in pastilles.

~Calomel~,--see MERCURY CHLORIDE, MILD.

Calumba--U.S.P.

COLUMBO.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Tr. (1:10).

Camphor--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.--_Preparations:_ Cerate (1:50); Lin. (1:5); Spt. (1:10); Water (1:125).

~Camphor, Monobromated, Merck.~

~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., in pill or emulsion.

~Cannabine Tannate Merck.~

Yellow or brownish powd.; slightly bitter and strong astringent taste.--SOL. in alkaline water or alkaline alcohol, very slightly in water or alcohol.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--USES: Hysteria, delirium, nervous insomnia, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--16 grn., at bedtime, in powd. with sugar.--MAX. D.: 24 grn.

Cannabis Indica--U.S.P.

INDIAN HEMP.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/4--1 grn.); F.E. (D., 2--5 min.); Tr. (D., 5--20 min.).--See also, Cannabine Tannate.

Cantharides--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Cerate (32 per cent.); Collodion (q.v.); Tr. (D., 3--10 min.).--See also, Cantharidin.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, flaxseed tea; opium per rectum; morphine subcut.; hot bath. Avoid oils!

~Cantharidin Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Colorl., cryst. scales; blister the skin.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform.--Stimulant, Vesicant, Antitubercular.--USES: In lupus and tuberculosis; also cystitis.--~Dose:~ Teaspoonful of 1:100,000 solut. in 1% alcohol (with still more water added before taking), 3 or 4 t. daily.--INJECTION is given in form of potassium cantharidate, which see.

Capsicum--U.S.P.

CAYENNE PEPPER; AFRICAN PEPPER.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Oleores. (D., 1/4--1 grn.); Plaster; Tr. (1:20).

Cardamom--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--_Preparations:_ Tr. (1:10); Comp. Tr. (vehicle).

~Carnogen.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Combination of medullary glyceride and unalterable fibrin of ox-blood.--Hematinic.--USES: Chiefly grave or pernicious anemia, and neurasthenia.--~Dose:~ 2--4 fl. drs., in cold water or sherry, 3--4 t. daily; avoid hot fluids!")

Cascara Sagrada--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.)

Castanea--U.S.P.

CHESTNUT.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 1--2 drams).

Catechu--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ Comp. Tr. (1:10); Troches (1 grn.).

~Celerina.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fl. dr. represents 5 grn. each celery, coca, kola, viburnum, and aromatics.--Nerve Tonic, Sedative.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs.")

~Cerium Oxalate, Cerous, Merck.--Pure.~

White granular powd.; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. in diluted sulphuric and hydrochloric acids.--Sedative, Nerve-tonic.--USES: Vomiting of pregnancy, sea-sickness, epilepsy, migraine, chronic diarrhea.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.

Cetraria--U.S.P.

ICELAND MOSS.--_Preparation:_ Decoct. (D., 1--4 oz.).--See also, Cetrarin.

~Cetrarin Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Cetraric Acid.--White needles, conglomerated into lumps; bitter.--Sol. in alkalies and their carbonates; slightly in water, alcohol, ether.--Hematinic, Stomachic, Expectorant.--Uses: Chlorosis, incipient phthisis, bronchitis, digestive disturbances with anemia, etc.--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--3 grn.

~Chalk,~--see CALCIUM CARBONATE.

~Chamomilla Compound (Fraser's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Mixture of mother tinctures of cinchona, chamomilla, ignatia, and phosphorus, with aromatics and nux vomica.--Nerve Tonic, Stomachic.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr. before meals and at bedtime, with tablespoonful hot water.")

Charcoal--U.S.P.

WOOD CHARCOAL.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

Chelidonium--U.S.P.

CELANDINE.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.

Chenopodium--U.S.P.

American Wormseed.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oil (D., 10 min. 3 t. daily; castor oil next day).

Chimaphila--U.S.P.

PIPSISSEWA; PRINCE'S PINE.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.).

Chirata--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Tr. (1:10).

~Chloralamide.~

CHLORAL-FORMAMIDE.--Colorl., bitter cryst.--SOL. in abt. 20 parts water (slowly); in 2 alcohol; decomp. by hot solvents.--Hypnotic, Sedative, Analgesic.--~Dose:~ 15--45 grn.

~Chloral Hydrate Merck.--U.S.P.--Loose Cryst.; also Flakes.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--MAX. D.: 60 grn.--CONTRA-INDICATED in gastritis; large doses must not be given in heart disease; in children and the aged, use with caution.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon; cocaine, strychnine, or atropine, hypodermically; stimulants, oxygen, mucilage acacia.--INCOMPATIBLES: Carbolic acid, camphor, alcohol, potassium iodide, potassium cyanide, borax; alkaline hydrates and carbonates.

~Chloral-ammonia Merck.~

White, cryst. powd.; chloral odor and taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; insol. in cold water; decomposed by hot water.--Hypnotic, Analgesic.--USES: Nervous insomnia, neuralgia, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn.

~Chloralimide Merck.~--(_Not: Chloralamide._)

Colorl. needles; odorl.; tastel.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, oils; insol. in water.--Hypnotic, Analgesic.--USES: Insomnia, headache, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn., 2 or 3 t. daily.--MAX. D.: 45 grn. single; 90 grn. daily.

~Chloralose Merck.~

Small, colorl. cryst.; bitter, disagreeable taste.--SOL. in alcohol; slightly in water.--Hypnotic.--USES: Insomnia. Free from disagreeable cardiac after-effects and cumulative tendency of chloral hydrate. Acts principally by reducing excitability of gray matter of brain.--~Dose:~ 3--12 grn.

Chlorine Water--U.S.P.

0.4 per cent. Cl.--~Dose:~ 1--4 drams.--ANTIDOTES: Milk and albumen.

~Chloroform Merck.--Recryst. and Redistilled, for Anesthesia.~

~Dose:~ 10--20 [min.].--MAX. D.: 30 [min.].--_Preparations:_ Emuls. (4%); Lin. (3%); Spt. (6%); Water (1/2%).--ANTIDOTES: Vomiting, stomach siphon, cold douche, fresh air, artificial respiration, etc.--CAUTION: Keep in dark amber. Never administer as anesthetic near a flame, as the vapor then decomposes, evolving very irritating and perhaps poisonous gases!

MERCK'S Chloroform is prepared by a new process insuring the highest attainable purity. It is absolutely free from all by-products that are liable to cause untoward effects.

~Chrysarobin Merck.--U.S.P.~

So-called "CHRYSOPHANIC ACID"; Purified Goa-Powder.--Antiparasitic, Reducing Dermic, etc. Not used internally.--EXTERN. 2--10% oint. or paint.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (5%).--CAUTION: Very dangerous to the eyes!

Cimicifuga--U.S.P.

BLACK SNAKEROOT; BLACK COHOSH.--~Dose:~ 15--45 grn. _Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--6 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Tr. (1:5).--See also, Cimicifugin.

~Cimicifugin Merck.~

MACROTIN.--Yellowish-brown, hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in alcohol.--Antispasmodic, Nervine, Oxytocic.--USES: Rheumatism, dropsy, hysteria, dysmenorrhea, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn.

Cinchona--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ _Tonic_, 5--15 grn.; _antiperiodic_, 40--120 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1--10 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Infus. (6:100); Tr. (1:5); Comp. Tr. (vehicle).--See also, its var. alkaloids.

~Cinchonidine Merck.--Pure, Cryst.~

SOL. in dil. acids; insol. in water.--~Dose:~ _Tonic_, 1--2 grn., in pills or syrup; _antiperiodic_, 15--30 grn., between paroxysms.

~Cinchonidine Sulphate.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in alcohol; sl. in water.--~Dose:~ Same as Cinchonidine.

~Cinchonine Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst.~

SOL. in dil. acids; insol. in water.--~Dose:~ Same as Cinchonidine.

~Cinchonine Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 10 parts alcohol, 70 water.--~Dose:~ Same as Cinchonine.

Cinnamon, Cassia--U.S.P.

CASSIA BARK.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oil (D., 1--3 min.).

Cinnamon, Ceylon--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ Oil (D., 1--3 min.); Spt. (10 per cent. oil); Tr. (1:10); Water (one-fifth per cent. oil).

Coca-U.S.P.

ERYTHROXYLON.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 20--60 min.).--See also, Cocaine.

~Cocaine Hydrochlorate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Powder.~

~Dose:~ 1/2--1-1/2 grn.--MAX. D.: 2 grn. single; 6 grn. daily.--ANTIDOTES: Chloral, amyl nitrite, caffeine, morphine, digitalis, alcohol, ammonia.

MERCK'S Cocaine Hydrochlorate strictly conforms to the U.S.P. and all other known tests for its purity.

~(Other salts of Cocaine are not described because used substantially as the above.)~

~Codeine Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst. or Powd.~

~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn.--INJECTION: 1/4--1 grn.

~Codeine Phosphate Merck.~

White powd.--SOL. in 4 parts water; slightly in alcohol.--Best codeine salt for hypodermic use; most sol., least irritating.--INJECTION: 1/2--1 grn.

~(Other salts of Codeine are not described because used substantially as the above.)~

~Colchicine Merck.--Cryst.~

Yellow cryst. powd.; very bitter taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol, ether, chloroform.--Alterative, Analgesic.--USES: Rheumatism, gout, uremia, chronic sciatica, asthma, cerebral congestion, and rheumatic sciatica.--~Dose:~ 1/120--1/30 grn., 2 or 3 t. daily.--ANTIDOTES: Stimulants.

Colchicum Root--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/2--2 grn.); F.E. (D., 2--8 min.); Wine (5--20 min.).

Colchicum Seed--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 3--10 min.); Tr. (D., 20--60 min.); Wine (D., 20--60 min.).

~Colchi-sal.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Caps, each containing 1/250 grn. colchicine dissolved in 3 min. methyl salicylate.--Antirheumatic, Antipodagric.--~Dose:~ 2--4 caps, with meals and at bedtime.")

~Collodion, Cantharidal, Merck.--U.S.P.~

(Blistering, or Vesicating, Collodion).--Olive-green, syrupy liq.--Represents 60% cantharides.--USES: Blister instead of cantharides.

Collodion, Styptic.--U.S.P.

20 per cent. tannic acid.--USES: Bleeding wounds.

Colocynth--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1--3 grn.); Comp. Ext. (D., 3--10 grn.).

~Colocynthin (Glucoside) Merck.--C.P.~

Yellow powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Cathartic (not drastic and toxic, as the extract).--~Dose:~ 1/6--2/3 grn.--INJECTION: 1/6 grn.; rectal 4--16 [min.] of 4% solut. in equal parts glycerin and alcohol.

~Coniine Hydrobromate Merck.~

White needles.--SOL. in 2 parts water, 2 parts alcohol; chloroform, ether.--Antispasmodic, Antineuralgic, etc.--USES: Tetanus, cardiac asthma, sciatica and whooping-cough; large doses have been given in traumatic tetanus.--~Dose:~ 1/30--1/12 grn., 3--5 t. daily: children, 1/640--1/40 grn., 2--4 t. daily.--INJECTION: 1/20--1/15 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon; atropine, strychnine; picrotoxin with castor oil; caffeine, and other stimulants.

Conium--U.S.P.

HEMLOCK.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/2--2 grn.); F.E. (D., 2--5 min.).--See also, Coniine Hydrobromate.

Convallaria--U.S.P.

LILY OF THE VALLEY.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--30 min.).--See also, Convallamarin.

~Convallamarin Merck.~

Yellowish-white, amorph. powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Cardiac Stimulant, Diuretic.--USES: Heart disease, oedema, etc.--~Dose:~ 3/4--1 grn., 6 to 8 t. daily.--INJECTION: 1/2 grn. every 4 hours, in sweet solut., gradually increasing to 5 grn. daily.--MAX. D.: 1 grn. single; 5 grn. daily.

Copaiba--U.S.P.

Dose: 20--60 grn.--Preparations: Mass (94 per cent.); Oil (D., 5--15 min.); Resin (D., 5--15 grn.).

~Copper Acetate, Normal, Merck.--Pure, Cryst.~

~Dose:~ 1/8--1/4 grn.--ANTIDOTES (_for all copper salts_): Encourage vomiting, stomach pump, then milk and sugar or white of egg freely; pure potassium ferrocyanide (10 or 15 grn.).

~Copper Arsenite Merck.~

Yellowish-green powd.--SOL. in alkalies; slightly in water.--Intestinal Antiseptic, Antispasmodic, Sedative.--USES: Cholera infantum, dysentery, whooping-cough, dysmenorrhea, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/120 grn. every 1/2 hour until relieved, then every hour.--MAX. D.: 1 grn. single and daily.

~Copper Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst.~

~Dose~: _Nervine_ and _alterative_, 1/6--1/3 grn.; _emetic_, 2--5 grn.

~Cornutine Citrate Merck.~

Brown, very hygroscopic scales or mass.--SOL. in water (incompletely).--USES: Hemorrhage from genito-urinary organs, paralytic spermatorrhea, etc.--~Dose~: _Hemostatic_, 1/12--1/6 grn.; _spermatorrhea_, 1/20--1/10 grn. daily.

~Cotarnine Hydrochlorate~,--see STYPTICIN.

Cotton-Root Bark--U.S.P.

Emmenagogue, Oxytocic.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.).

~Creolin.~

SAPONIFIED DEPHENOLATED COAL-TAR CREOSOTE, _Pearson_.--Dark syrupy liq.; tar odor.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; milky emulsion with water; sol. in water to 2-1/2%.--Disinfectant, Deodorizer, Styptic, Anticholeraic, etc.--USES: Non-poisonous substitute for carbolic acid, etc. Removes odor of iodoform. _Intern._, dysentery, diarrhea, meteorism, gastric catarrh, worms, thrush, diphtheria, etc.; enema 1/2% solut. in dysenteric troubles; _extern._, 1/2 to 2% solut. in surgical operations, 1/10--1/2% injection for gonorrhea, 2--5% ointment in scabies and pediculi, erysipelas, cystitis, burns, ulcers, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--5 [min.] 3 t. daily, in pills. In cholera 16 [min.] every 1/2--1 hour for 5 doses, then at longer intervals.--CAUTION: Aqueous solut. should be freshly made when wanted.

~Creosote Carbonate.~

CREOSOTAL.--Light-brown, odorl., sl. bitter liq.--SOL. in oils (5 parts cod-liver oil), alcohol, ether; insol. in water.--Antitubercular.--~Dose:~ 20 min., grad. increased to 80 min., 3 t. per day.

~Creosote from Beechwood, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 1--3 [min.], gradually increased to limit of tolerance, in pills, capsules, or with wine or brandy.--MAX. INITIAL D.: 5 [min.] single; 15 [min.] daily.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach pump, soluble sulphates (such as Glauber or Epsom salt).--CAUTION: Wherever Creosote is indicated for internal medication, Creosote from Beechwood should be dispensed; and under no circumstances should "Creosote from Coal Tar" be given, unless explicitly so directed. Wood Creosote and Coal-Tar Creosote differ very widely in their action on the human body: Wood Creosote is comparatively harmless; Coal-Tar Creosote decidedly poisonous.--_Preparation:_ Water (1%).

MERCK'S Beechwood Creosote is _absolutely free from the poisonous coerulignol_ found in some of the wood creosote on the market.

~Creosote Phosphite.~

PHOSPHOTAL.--Oily liq.: 90% creosote.--SOL. in alcohol, glycerin, oils.--Antitubercular, Anticachectic.--~Dose:~ Same as of creosote; in pills, wine, or elixir.

Cubebs--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 15--60 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Oil (D., 5--15 min.); Oleores. (D., 10--30 min.); Tr. (1:5); Troches (1/2 min. oleores.).

~Cupro-hemol Merck.~

Hemol with 2% copper.--Dark-brown powd.--USES: Substitute for usual copper compounds in tuberculosis, scrofula, nervous diseases, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn., 3 t. daily, in pills.

~Curare Merck.--Tested.~

~Dose:~ 1/12--1/6 grn., hypodermically, 1 or 2 t. daily, or until effect is noticed.--CAUTION: Avoid getting it into a wound, as this may prove fatal!

~Curarine Merck.--C.P.~

Deliquescent brown powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol, chloroform.--Antitetanic, Nervine, etc.--USES: Rectal tetanus, hydrophobia, and severe convulsive affections.--INJECTION: 1/60--1/12 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Strychnine, atropine, artificial respiration and stimulants.

Cypripedium--U.S.P.

LADIES' SLIPPER.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Dermatol~,--see BISMUTH SUBGALLATE.

~Diabetin.~

LEVULOSE.--Wh. powd.--SOL. in water.--Substitute for sugar in diabetes.

~Diastase (of Malt) Merck.--Medicinal.~

Yellowish-white to brownish-yellow, amorph. powd.; tastel.--USES: Aid to digestion of starchy food.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn. pure or with pepsin.

~Dietetic Products~,--see FOODS AND DIETETIC PRODUCTS.

~Digitalin, "German," Merck.~

Yellowish-white powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol; almost insol. in ether, chloroform.--Non-cumulative, reliable Heart-tonic, Diuretic; well adapted to injection.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/4 grn., 3 or 4 t. daily, in pills or subcutaneously.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach pump, tannic acid, nitroglycerin, morphine early, strophanthin later; alcoholic stimulants, etc.

Digitalis--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/4--1/2 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Infus. (15:1000); Tr. (15:100).--See also, Digitalin and Digitoxin.

~Digitoxin Merck.--Cryst.~

Most active glucoside from digitalis.--White cryst. powd.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform; slightly in ether; insol. in water.--Prompt, reliable, powerful Heart-tonic; of uniform chemical composition and therapeutic activity.--USES: Valvular lesions, myocarditis, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/240--1/120 grn., 3 t. daily, with 3 [min.] chloroform, 60 [min.] alcohol, 1-1/2 fl. oz. water. ENEMA: 1/80 grn. with 10 [min.] alcohol, 4 fl. oz. water, 1 to 3 t. daily.--MAX. D.: Daily, 1/32 grn.

~Dioviburnia.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "1 fl. oz. represents 45 [min.] each fl. extracts viburn. prunifol., viburn. opulus, dioscorea villosa, aletris farinosa, helonias dioica, mitchella repens, caulophyllum, scutellaria.--Antispasmodic, Anodyne.--USES: Dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--30 [min.].")

~Diuretin~, see THEOBROMINE AND SODIUM SALICYLATE.

~Duboisine Sulphate Merck.~

Yellowish, very deliquescent powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Hypnotic, Sedative, Mydriatic.--USES: Principally as mydriatic, much stronger than atropine; also in mental diseases, usually hypodermically.--~Dose:~ 1/80--1/20 grn.--EXTERN. in 0.2 to 0.8% solut.

Dulcamara--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--120 min.).

~Duotal~,--see GUAIACOL CARBONATE.

~Elaterin Merck.--U.S.P.--Cryst.~

Cryst. powd.: very bitter taste.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform; slightly in ether.--Drastic Purgative.--USES: Ascites, uremia, pulmonary oedema, poisoning by narcotics, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/20--1/12 grn.

~Elaterium Merck.--(According to Clutterbuck).~

~Dose:~ 1/8--1/2 grn.

~Emetin (Resinoid) Merck.~--(_Do not confound with the Alkaloid!_)

Yellowish-brown lumps.--Emetic, Diaphoretic, Expectorant.--~Dose:~ _Emetic_, 1/8--1/4 grn.; _expectorant_, 1/60--1/30 grn.

~Emetine (Alkaloid) Merck.~--Pure.--(_Do not confound with the Resinoid!_)

Brownish powd.; bitter taste; darkens on exposure.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform; slightly in ether; very slightly in water.--Emetic, expectorant.--~Dose:~ _Emetic_, 1/16--1/8 grn.; _expectorant_, 1/120--1/60 grn.

~Ergot Aseptic.~

Standardized, sterilized preparation of ergot for hypodermatic use; free from extractive matter and ergotinic acid. Each 1 Cc. bulb represents 2 Gm. (30 grn.) ergot.

Ergot--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 20--90 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 5--15 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Wine(15:100).

~Ergotin (Bonjean) Merck.~

~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.--CAUTION: Decomposes in solut.; should be sterilized and kept with great care.

~Ergotole.~

Liq. prepar. of ergot, 2-1/2 times strength of U.S.P. fl. ext.; stated to be permanent.--INJECT.: 5--20 min.

Eriodictyon--U.S.P.

YERBA SANTA.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 20--60 min.).

~Erythrol Tetranitrate Merck.~

Cryst. mass, exploding on percussion; therefore on the market only in _tablets_ with chocolate, each containing 1/2 grn. of the salt.--Vasomotor Dilator and Antispasmodic, like nitroglycerin.--USES: Angina pectoris, asthma, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 tablets.

~Eserine Salicylate Merck.~

PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE.--Slightly yellowish cryst.--SOL. in 150 parts water; solut. reddens on keeping.--Spinal Depressant, Antitetanic, Myotic--USES: Tetanus, tonic convulsions, strychnine poisoning, etc.; in 5% solut. to contract pupil.--~Dose:~ 1/120--1/30 grn.--MAX. D.: 1/20 grn.

~Eserine Sulphate Merck.~

PHYSOSTIGMINE SULPHATE.--Yellowish, very deliquescent powd.; bitter taste; rapidly reddens.--SOL. easily in water, alcohol.--USES, DOSES, ETC.: As Eserine Salicylate.

Ether--U.S.P.

SULPHURIC ETHER.--~Dose:~ 10--40 min.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, fresh air, ammonia.--CAUTION: Vapor inflammable!--_Preparations:_ Spt. (32.5 per cent.); Comp. Spt. (32.5 per cent.).

~Ethyl Bromide Merck.--C.P.~

HYDROBROMIC ETHER.--Colorl., inflammable, volatile liq.; burning taste, chloroform odor.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform.--Inhalant and Local Anesthetic, Nerve Sedative.--USES: Minor surgery, spray in neuralgia, etc.; epilepsy, hysteria, etc. [It is of great importance to have a pure article for _internal_ use, since with an impure one, alarming after-effects may occur; MERCK'S is strictly pure.]--~Dose:~ 150--300 [min] for inhalation; by mouth, 5--10 drops on sugar, or in capsules.--CAUTION: Keep from light and air!--_N.B._ This is _not_ Ethylene Bromide, which is poisonous!

~Ethyl Chloride Merck.~

Gas at ordinary temperatures and pressures: when compressed, colorl. liq.--SOL. in alcohol.--Local Anesthetic--USES: Minor and dental surgery, and neuralgia, as spray; heat of hand forcing the stream from the tubes. Hold 6--10 inches away from part.--CAUTION: Highly inflammable!

~Ethyl Iodide Merck.~

HYDRIODIC ETHER.--Clear, neutral liq.; rapidly turns brown on keeping.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water.--Alterative, Antispasmodic, Stimulant.--USES: _Intern._, chronic rheumatism, scrofula, secondary syphilis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, chronic laryngitis, and by inhalation in bronchial troubles; _extern._, in 10--20% oint.--~Dose:~ 5--16 [min], several t. daily, in capsules or on sugar; _inhal._, 10--20 drops.--CAUTION: Even in diffused daylight Ethyl Iodide decomposes quite rapidly, the light liberating iodine which colors the ether. When not exposed to light at all the decomposition is very slow; and with the least practicable exposure, by care in using it, it is not rapid. The decomposition is rendered still slower by the presence in each vial of about 10 drops of a very dilute solution of soda. When deeper than a pale wine color, it should be shaken up with 5 or 10 drops of such solution.

~Ethylene Bromide Merck.~--(_Not Ethyl Bromide_).

Brownish, volatile, emulsifiable liq.; chloroform odor.--MISCIBLE with alcohol; insol. in water.--Antiepileptic and Sedative.--USES: Epilepsy, delirium tremens, nervous headache, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 [Min.], 2--3 t. daily, in emulsion or capsules.

~Eucaine, Alpha-, Hydrochlorate.~

Wh. powd.--SOL. in 10 parts water.--Local Anesthetic, like cocaine.--APPLIED to mucous surfaces in 1--5% solut.--SUBCUT. 15--60 min. of 6% solut.

~Eucaine, Beta-, Hydrochlorate.~

Wh. powd.--SOL. in 28 parts water.--Local Anesthetic, specially intended for ophthalmologic use.---APPLIED in 2% solut.

~Eucalyptol Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--16 [min.] 4 or 5 t. daily, in capsules, sweetened emulsion, or sugar.--INJECTION: 8--16 [min.] of mixture of 2--5 eucalyptol and 10 liq. paraffin.

Eucalyptus--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 5--20 min.).--See also, Oil Eucalyptus and Eucalyptol.

~Eudoxine.~

Bismuth salt of nosophen.--Odorl., tastel., insol. powd.; 52.9% iodine.--Intest. Antiseptic and Astringent.--~Dose:~ 4--10 grn., 3--5 t. daily.

~Eugallol.~

PYROGALLOL MONOACETATE, _Knoll._--Syrupy, transparent, dark-yellow mass.--SOL. in water readily.--Succedaneum for Pyrogallol in obstinate chronic psoriasis; very vigorous in action.--APPLIED like pyrogallol.

~Eugenol Merck.--Pure.~

EUGENIC ACID; CARYOPHYLLIC ACID.--Colorl., oily liq.; spicy odor; burning taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, solut. caustic soda,--Antiseptic, Antitubercular, Local Anesthetic.--USES: _Extern._, oint. with adeps lanæ in eczema and other skin diseases, local anesthetic in dentistry etc.; _intern._, tuberculosis, chronic catarrhs, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--30 [min.].--MAX. D.: 45 [min.].

Euonymus--U.S.P.

WAHOO.--_Preparation:_ Ext. (D., 2--5 grn.).

Eupatorium--U.S.P.

BONESET.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 20--60 min.).

~Euonymin, American, Brown, Merck.~

Brownish powd.--USES: Cholagogue and drastic purgative, similar to podophyllin.--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--6 grn.

~Euphorin Merck.~--(_Not Europhen._)

PHENYL-ETHYL URETHANE.--Colorl. needles; slight aromatic odor; clove taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, slightly in water.--Antirheumatic, Anodyne, Antiseptic, Antipyretic--USES: _Intern._, rheumatism, tuberculosis, headache, and sciatica; _extern.,_ dusting-powd. in venereal and other skin diseases, ulcers.--~Dose:~ 8--16 grn., 2--3 t. daily.

~Euquinine.~

QUININE ETHYL-CHLOROCARBONATE.--Slightly bitter powd.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; slightly sol. in water.--Succedaneum for other quinine salts, internally.--~Dose:~ About 1-1/2 times that of quin. sulph., in powd. or cachets, or with soup, milk, or cacao.

~Euresol.~

RESORCIN MONOACETATE, _Knoll._--Viscid, transparent, yellow mass, readily pulverizable.--Succedaneum for Resorcin.--USES: Chiefly acne, sycosis simplex, seborrhea, etc.--EXTERN. in 5 to 20% oint.

~Eurobin.~

CHRYSAROBIN TRIACETATE, _Knoll._--SOL. in chloroform, acetone, ether; insol. in water. Succedaneum for Chrysarobin; very active reducer or "reactive."--EXTERN. in 1 to 20% solut. in acetone, with 5 to 10% of saligallol.

~Europhen.~

Yellow powd.; 27.6% iodine.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, fixed oils; insol. in water or glycerin.--Antisyphilitic, Surgical Antiseptic.--~Dose:~ (by inject.): 1/2--1-1/2 grn. once daily, in oil.--EXTERN. like iodoform.

~Extract, Bone-Marrow, (Armour's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Medullary glyceride, containing all the essential ingredients of fresh red bone-marrow.--Hematinic, Nutrient.--USES: Anemia, chlorosis, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., in water, milk, or wine, 3 t. daily.")

~Extract Cod-Liver Oil,~--see GADUOL.

~Extract, Ergot, Aqueous, Soft,~--see ERGOTIN.

~Extract, Licorice, Purified, Merck.--U.S.P.--Clearly soluble.~

PURE EXTRACT GLYCYRRHIZA.--Used to cover taste of bitter mixtures, infusions, or decoctions; also as pill-excipient. Enters into Comp. Mixt. Glycyrrhiza.

~Extract, Male Fern,~--see OLEORESIN, MALE FERN.

~Extract, Malt, Merck.--Dry, Powd.~

Contains maximum amount diastase, dextrin, dextrose, protein bodies, and salts from barley.--Tonic, Dietetic. USES: Children, scrofulous patients, dyspeptics, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--4 drams.

~Extract, Monesia, Merck.--Aqueous, Dry~

Alterative, Intestinal Astringent.--USES: Chronic diarrhea, catarrh, scrofula, scurvy, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

~Extract, Muira-puama, Fluid, Merck.~

Aphrodisiac, Nerve-stimulant.--USES: Sexual debility, senile weakness, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 [min.].

~Extract, Opium, Aqueous, Merck.--U.S.P.--Dry.~

~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.--MAX. D.: 2 grn. single; 5 grn. daily.

~Ferropyrine.~

FERRIC-CHLORIDE-ANTIPYRINE, _Knoll;_ FERRIPYRINE.--64% antipyrine, 12% iron, 24% chlorine.--Orange-red non-hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in 5 parts water, 9 parts boiling water; in alcohol, benzene, slightly in ether.--Hematinic, Styptic, Astringent, Antineuralgic--USES: _Intern._, anemia, chlorosis, migraine, headache, neuralgia; _extern._, gonorrhea, nosebleed, etc. ~Dose:~ 5--15 grn., with peppermint-oil sugar, or in solut.--EXTERN. in 1--1-1/2% solut. for gonorrhea; 20% solut. or pure for hemorrhages.

~Firwein (Tilden's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fl. dr. contains 1/100 grn. phosphorus, 1/6 grn. iodine, 1/6 grn. bromine.--Alterative, Anticatarrhal.--USES: Chronic bronchitis, phthisis, catarrh, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., before meals.")

~Fluorescein Merck.~

Orange-red powd.--SOL. in ether, alkaline solut.--USES: Diagnosis of corneal lesions and impervious strictures of nasal duct. Solut. 10 grn., with 15 grn. sodium bicarbonate, in ounce water.

~Foods and Dietetic Products.~

BOVININE.--"Unaltered bovine blood."

CARNRICK'S SOLUBLE FOOD.

ESKAY'S ALBUMENIZED FOOD.

GLOBON.--A chemically pure albumin.--See under "G."

HEMABOLOIDS.--"Iron-bearing nucleo-albumins, reinforced by bone-marrow extract, and antiseptically treated with nuclein."

HORLICK'S FOOD.--"Containing in 100 parts 3.39 water, 0.08 fat, 34.99 glucose, 12.45 cane sugar, 6.71 albuminoids, 1.28 mineral constituents, but no starch."

IMPERIAL GRANUM.--"Unsweetened food, prepared from the finest growths of wheat; contains no glucose, cane sugar, or malt."

INFANT FOOD, Keasbey & Mattison's.

LIEBIG'S SOLUBLE FOOD.

MALTED MILK, Horlick's.

MALTINE.--"Extraction of all the nutritive and digestive properties of wheat, oats, and malted barley."--Maltine M'f'g Co., Brooklyn, N.Y.

MALTZYME.--See under "M."

MELLIN'S FOOD.--"Consists of dextrin, maltose, albuminates, and salts."

NESTLE'S FOOD.--"40% sugar, 5% fat, 15% proteids, 30% dextrin and starch."

NUTROSE.--"Casein-sodium."

PANOPEPTONE.--"Bread and beef peptone; containing the entire edible substance of prime, lean beef, and of best wheat flour."

PEPTOGENIC MILK POWDER.--"For modifying cow's milk to yield a food for infants, which, in physiological, chemical and physical properties, is almost identical with mother's milk."

PEPTONIZED MILK.--See Peptonizing Tubes.

PEPTONOIDS, BEEF.--"From beef and milk, with gluten."

PEPTONOIDS, LIQUID.--"Beef Peptonoids in cordial form."

SACCHARIN.--Antidiabetic and Hygienic Substitute for Sugar.--See under "S."

SANOSE.--"80% purest casein, 20% purest albumose."

SOMATOSE.--"Deutero- and hetero-albumoses."

TROPHONINE.--"Containing the nutritive elements of beef, egg albumen, and wheat gluten."

~Formalbumin.~

FORMALDEHYDE-PROTEID, _Merck;_ from Casein.--Yellowish powd., almost odorl. and tastel.--Protective Vulnerary, forming a film from which formaldehyde is gradually liberated, thus persistently disinfecting the wound-surface.

~Formaldehyde Merck.~

Aqueous solut. formaldehyde gas; about 35%.--Colorl., volatile liq.; pungent odor.--Non-corrosive Surgical and General Antiseptic (in wounds, abscesses, etc., for clothing, bed-linen, walls, etc.); preservative of collyria and anatomical or botanical specimens.--APPLIED in vapor or solut.: In surgery, 1/4--1/2% solut.; general antisepsis, 1/4--2% solut. or in vapor: for collyria, 1/10% solut.; for hardening anatomical specimens, 4--10% solut. [Other brands of this preparation are sold under special names, such as "Formalin", "Formol", etc. The MERCK article is sold under its true chemical name: "Formaldehyde."]

~Formaldehyde, Para-,~--see PARAFORMALDEHYDE.

~Formalin or Formol,~--see FORMALDEHYDE.

~Formin.~

HEXAMETHYLENE-TETRAMINE, _Merck._--Alkaline cryst. powd.--SOL. in water, slightly in alcohol.--Uric-acid Solvent and Genito-urinary Antiseptic.--USES: Gout, cystitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn. daily, taken in the morning, or morning and evening, in lithia water or carbonated water.

Frangula--U.S.P.

BUCKTHORN.--Laxative.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--30 min.).

~Fuchsine, Medicinal, Merck.~

Fuchsine free from arsenic.--SOL. in water.--Antiseptic, Antinephritic.--USES: _Intern._, nephritis, cystitis; said to reduce anasarca and arrest albuminuria.--~Dose:~ 1/2--3 grn., several t. daily, in pills.--CAUTION: Do not confound with Fuchsine _Dye!_

~Gaduol.~

ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT COD-LIVER OIL, _Merck._--Brown, oily liq.; bitter, acrid taste; contains the therapeutically active principles of cod-liver oil (iodine, bromine, phosphorus, and alkaloids), without any of the inert ballast of the oil.--Alterative, Nutrient.--USES: Instead of cod-liver oil.--~Dose:~ 5--30 [min.], as elixir or wine.--[Further information in "Merck's Digest" on "GADUOL," containing detailed information, formulas, etc.]

~Gall, Ox, Inspissated, Merck.--Purified, Clearly Sol.~

Laxative, Digestive.--USES: Typhoid fever, deficiency of biliary secretion, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., several t. daily, in capsules or pills.

~Gallanol Merck.~

GALLIC ACID ANILIDE.--Wh. or grayish powd.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; sl. in water, chloroform.--Antiseptic Dermic.--USES: _Extern._, instead of chrysarobin or pyrogallol; acute or chronic eczema, 1--7 parts in 30 parts ointment; psoriasis, 20% solut. in chloroform or traumaticin; moist eczema, 25% with talcum; favus, prurigo and tricophyton, 20% solut. in alcohol with little ammonia.

~Gallobromol Merck.~

DIBROMO-GALLIC ACID.--Small, grayish cryst.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, 10 parts water.--Sedative, Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: _Intern._, instead of potassium bromide; _extern._, cystitis, gonorrhea, gleet, and other skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--EXTERN. in 1--4% solut., powd., or paste.

Gamboge--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.--Enters in Comp. Cathartic Pills.

~Gelanthum.~

Lauded by Unna as an ideal water-soluble vehicle for the application of dermics. Forms a smooth, homogeneous covering without any tendency to stickiness. Does not stain the skin or the linen. Readily takes up 50% ichthyol, 40% salicylic acid, resorcin, or pyrogallol, 5% carbolic acid, and 1% mercuric chloride. Keeps insoluble drugs well suspended.

~Gelseminine (Alkaloid) Merck.--C.P.~

White microscopic cryst.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform.--(The _hydrochlorate_ and _sulphate_ are sol. in water.)--Antineuralgic, Antispasmodic.--USES: Neuralgia, rheumatism, dysmenorrhea, etc.; also antidote to strychnine.--~Dose:~ 1/120--1/30 grn.--MAX. D.: 1/30 grn. single, 1/5 grn. daily.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics early, atropine, strophanthin, artificial respiration, external stimulation.

~(The salts of Gelseminine are not described because used substantially as the above.)~

Gelsemium--U.S.P.

YELLOW JASMINE.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 2--5 min.), Tr. (D., 10--30 min.).--See also, Gelseminine.

Gentian--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--6 grn.); F.E. (D., 10--30 min.); Comp. Tr. (D., 1--2 drams).

Geranium--U.S.P.

CRANESBILL.--~Dose:~ 30--60 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

Ginger--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Oleores. (D., 1/2--2 min.); Tr. (1:5); Troches (3 min. Tr.); Syr. (3 per cent. F.E.).

~Globon.~

Chemically pure albumin.--Yellowish, dry, odorl., tastel. powd.--INSOL. in water.--Albuminous Nutritive and Reconstructive; more nutritious than meat, milk, or any other aliment; very easily assimilated.--USED in acute diseases and during convalescence therefrom; in anemia, gastric affections, diabetes, and gout; also in children.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 dram several t. daily, best taken with amylaceous food; children 1/4--1/2 as much.

Glycerin--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--4 drams.--_Preparation:_ Suppos. (95 per cent.).

~Glycerin Tonic Compound (Gray's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Combination of glycerin, sherry, gentian taraxacum, phosphoric acid, and carminatives.--Alterant Tonic [especially in diseases of chest and throat].--~Dose:~ 1/2 fl. oz., before meals, in water.")

~Glyco-thymoline.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Alkaline, antiseptic, cleansing solut. for treatment of diseased mucous membrane, especially nasal catarrh.--USED chiefly _extern.:_ generally in 20% solut."--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr., diluted.)

~Glycozone.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Result of the chemical reaction when glycerin is subjected to the action of 15 times its own volume of ozone, under normal atmospheric pressure at 0°C.--Colorl., viscid liq.; sp. gr. 1.26.--Disinfectant, Antizymotic--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., after meals, in water.--ENEMA: 1/2--1 fl. oz. in 1--2 pints water.")

Glycyrrhiza--U.S.P.

LICORICE ROOT.--_Preparations:_ Ext. and F.E. (vehicles); Comp. Powd. (D., 1--2 drams).; Comp. Mixt. (D., 2--4 fl. drs.); Troches Glyc. and Opium (one-twelfth grn. Op.).--See also, Glycyrrhizin, Ammoniated.

~Glycyrrhizin, Ammoniated, Merck.--Clearly Soluble.~

Dark-brown or brownish-red, sweet scales.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Expectorant, Demulcent.--USES: Chiefly with bitter or neutral medicines, to cover taste; also as cough remedy.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--INCOMPATIBLE with acids.

~Gold Bromide, Auric, Merck.~

GOLD TRIBROMIDE.--Dark-brown powd.--SOL. in water, ether.--USES, DOSE, ETC.: same as of Gold Bromide, Aurous.

~Gold Bromide, Aurous, Merck.~

GOLD MONOBROMIDE.--Yellowish-gray, friable masses.--INSOL. in water. Antiepileptic, Anodyne, Nervine.--USES: Epilepsy, migraine, etc; said to act, in small doses, quickly and continuously, without bromism.--~Dose:~ _Antiepileptic_, 1/10--1/5 grn. 2 or 3 t. daily, in pills; _anodyne_, 1/20 grn. 2 t. daily. Children, half as much.

~Gold Chloride Merck.~

AURIC CHLORIDE.--Brown, very deliquescent, cryst. masses.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antitubercular, Alterative.--USES: Phthisis and other tubercular affections; lupus.--~Dose:~ 1/50--1/15 grn.--CAUTION: Keep dry, from light!

~Gold Cyanide, Auric, Merck.~

GOLD TRICYANIDE.--Colorl. hygroscopic plates.--SOL. in water, alcohol. USES: Antitubercular.--Dose: 1/20--1/10 grn.--ANTIDOTES: As Gold Cyanide, Aurous.

~Gold Cyanide, Aurous, Merck.~

GOLD MONOCYANIDE.--Yellow cryst. powd.--INSOL. in water, alcohol, or ether.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/4 grn., several t. daily, in pills--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, artificial respiration, ferric or ferrous sulphate, ammonia, chlorine, hot and cold douche, etc.

~Gold Iodide Merck.~

AUROUS IODIDE.--Greenish or yellow powd.--Alterative.--USES: Scrofula and tuberculosis.--~Dose:~ 1/64--1/8 grn.

~Gold and Sodium Chloride Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 1/24--1/4 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Silver nitrate, ferrous sulphate, oxalic acid.

Grindelia--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ F.E., (D., 20--60 min.).

Guaiac--U.S.P.

RESIN GUAIAC.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--_Preparations:_ Tr. (D., 20--60 min.); Ammon. Tr. (D., 1--2 drams).

~Guaiacol Merck.~

Colorl., limpid, oily liq.; characteristic aromatic odor.--SOL. in alcohol; ether, 200 parts water.--Antitubercular, Antiseptic, antipyretic, Local Analgesic.--USES: _Intern._, phthisis, lupus, and intestinal tuberculosis, febrile affections.--~Dose:~ 2 [min.] 3 t. daily, gradually increased to 16 [min.], in pills, or in 1--2% solut. brandy, wine, etc., after meals.--EXTERN. (Analgesic and Antipyretic): 16--32 [min.], pure or with equal parts glycerin or oil.

~Guaiacol Benzoate,~--see BENZOSOL.

~Guaiacol Carbonate.~

DUOTAL.--Small, wh., odorl., tastel. cryst.--INSOL. in water.--Antitubercular.--~Dose:~ 4--8 grn. 2 or 3 t. daily, gradually increased to 90 grn. a day if necessary, in powd.

~Guaiacol Phosphite.~

GAIACOPHOSPHAL.--Oily liq.; 92% guaiacol.--SOL. in alcohol, glycerin, oils.--Antitubercular, etc., like guaiacol.--~Dose:~ Same as of guaiacol; in pills, elixir, or wine.

~Guaiacol Salol Merck.~

GUAIACOL SALICYLATE.--White, insipid cryst.; salol odor.--SOL. in alcohol; insol. in water.--Intestinal Antiseptic, Antitubercular, Antirheumatic--USES: Phthisical diarrhea, dysentery, rheumatism, marasmus, chorea, etc.--~Dose:~ 15 grn., several t. daily.--MAX. D.: 150 grn. daily.

~Guaiaquin.~

QUININE GUAIACOL-BISULPHONATE.--Yellowish, acrid, bitter powd.; 61.36% quinine, 23.48% guaiacol.--SOL. in water, alcohol, dil. acids.--Antiperiodic, Intest. Antiseptic--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn., 3 t. daily, before meals.

Guarana--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 15--60 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Guethol Merck.~

GUAIACOL-ETHYL.--Oily liq., congealing in the cold.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; insol. in water or glycerin.--Local Anesthetic, Topical and Internal Antitubercular.--USES: Chiefly as succedaneum for guaiacol; _extern._, in neuralgia, tubercular cystitis, etc.; _intern._ in phthisis.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.] 3 t. daily, in sweetened hydro-alcoholic solut.--EXTERN. as paint with equal part chloroform, or in 10--20% oint.

~Haema-, Haemo-,~--see under HEMA-, HEMO-, etc.

Hamamelis--U.S.P.

WITCHHAZEL.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.).

Hedeoma--U.S.P.

PENNYROYAL.--_Preparations:_ Oil (D., 3--10 min.); Spt. (10 per cent. oil).

Hematoxylon--U.S.P.

LOGWOOD.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 10--20 grn.).

~Hemogallol.~

HEMOGLOBIN REDUCED BY PYROGALLOL, _Merck._--Reddish-brown powd. containing iron in condition for easy assimilation.--Hematinic, Constructive, Tonic.--USES: Anemia, chlorosis, chronic nephritis, diabetes, and in convalescence; readily transformed into blood coloring-matter in debilitated people, and uniformly well borne; much superior to inorganic preparations of iron.--~Dose:~ 4--8 grn., 3 t. daily, 1/2 hour before meals, in powd. with sugar, or in pills or chocolate tablets.

~Hemoglobin Merck.~

Brownish-red powd. or scales.--SOL. in water.--Hematinic--USES: Anemia, chlorosis, etc.--~Dose:~ 75--150 grn., daily, in wine or syrup.

~Hemol.~

HEMOGLOBIN REDUCED BY ZINC, _Merck._--Dark-brown powd. containing easily assimilable iron, with slight traces of zinc oxide.--Hematinic, Antichlorotic--USES: Anemia and chlorosis, neurasthenia, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--8 grn., before meals, in powd. with sugar, or in wafers.

~Hexamethylene-tetramine,~--see FORMIN.

~Hexamethylene-tetramine Salicylate,~--see SALIFORMIN.

~Holocaine.~

Wh. needles--SOL. in 40 parts water; undecomposed on boiling.--Local Anesthetic, like cocaine.--USES: Chiefly in eye diseases in 1% solut.

~Homatropine Hydrobromate Merck.~

Small white cryst.--SOL. in 10 parts water, 133 parts alcohol.--USES: Mydriatic in ophthalmic surgery; in night-sweats of phthisis, and as Sedative. Mydriatic effect commences in 1/4 to 1/2 hour, reaches maximum in 1 hour, and disappears in 6 hours. Accommodation paresis ceases earlier. ~Dose:~ 1/120--1/60 grn.--EXTERN., to the eye, in 1% solut.

Honey--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Clarified Honey; Honey of Rose; Confect. Rose--all vehicles.

Hops--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ Tr. (D., 1--3 drams).

~Hydrastine (Alkaloid) Merck.--C.P.~

White prisms.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; slightly in water.--Alterative, Tonic, Antiperiodic--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.

~Hydrastine Hydrochlorate Merck.--C.P.~--(_Not Hydrastinine, etc._)

Amorph., white powd.--SOL. in water.--Astringent, Dermic, Tonic, Hemostatic--USES: _Intern._, uterine hemorrhage, dyspepsia, hemorrhoids etc.; _extern._, gonorrhea, conjunctivitis, endometritis, leucorrhea, cervical erosions, acne, hyperidrosis, seborrhea, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 grn., every 2 hours if necessary.--EXTERN. as _astringent_, 1/10--1/2% solut.; in _skin diseases_, 1% oint's or lotions.

~Hydrastinine Hydrochlorate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~--(_Not Hydrastine, etc._)

Yellow, cryst. powd.--SOL. in water.--Uterine Hemostatic, Emmenagogue, Vaso-constrictor.--USES: Hemorrhages, congestive dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia, epilepsy, hemoptysis, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1/2 grn., 3--4 t. daily, in capsules.

Hydrastis--U.S.P.

GOLDEN SEAL.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 10--30 min.): Glycerite (1:1 [extern.]): Tr. (D., 30--120 min.).

~Hydrastis (Lloyd's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Solution in glycerin and water of the valuable properties of hydrastis.--Colorl. liq.--Astringent, Tonic--USED chiefly _extern._ (gonorrhea, leucorrhea, sore throat, etc.), in 1--2:16 dilut.--~Dose:~ 10--40 min., 3 t. daily.")

~Hydrogen Peroxide Solution,~--see SOLUTION, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE.

~Hydroleine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "2 fl. drs. contain 80 min. cod-liver oil, 35 min. dist. water, 5 grn. pancreatin, 1/3 grn. soda, 1/4 grn. salicylic acid.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1/2 fl. oz., after each meal.")

~Hydrozone.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "30 vols. preserved aqueous solut. of H{2}O{2}.--Clear liq., acid taste.--Disinfectant, Cicatrizant.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr., well dil., before meals.--EXTERN. in 2 or 3% solut.")

~Hyoscine Merck.--True, Amorph.~

From Hyoscyamus niger.--Thick, colorl. syrup.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; slightly in water.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--USES: To quiet and give sleep to insane and others.--~Dose:~ For _insane_, 1/32 grn., cautiously increased or repeated until effect is produced; for _sane_, 1/200--1/100 grn.--INJECTION: For _insane_, 1/120--1/60 grn.; for _sane_, 1/400--1/200 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach pump, muscarine, tannin, animal charcoal, emetics again; heat or cold externally; cathartics, etc.

~Hyoscine Hydrobromate Merck.--U.S.P.--True, Cryst.~

Colorl. cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES and DOSES, same as Hyoscine.

~(Other salts of Hyoscine are not described because used substantially as the above.)~

~Hyoscyamine, True, Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~--(_Much stronger than Amorph.!_)

From Hyoscyamus niger.--White, silky, permanent cryst.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, acidulated water; slightly in water.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--USES: To quiet insane and nervous; ease cough in consumption; asthma, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/128--1/32 grn., several t. daily, in pill or solut.; as _hypnotic_ for insane, 1/8--1/4 grn.--ANTIDOTES: As for Atropine.

~Hyoscyamine, True, Merck.--Pure, Amorph.~--(_Much weaker than Cryst.!_)

Brown, syrupy liq.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/4 [min.].

~Hyoscyamine Sulphate, True, Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst.~

White, deliquescent, microscopic needles; acrid taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES, DOSE, ETC.: As of Hyoscyamine, True, _Cryst._

~Hyoscyamine Sulphate, True, Merck.--Pure, Amorph.~

Yellowish, hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/4 grn.

~Other salts of Hyoscyamine are not described because (used substantially as the above.)~

Hyoscyamus--U.S.P.

HENBANE.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1--3 grn.); F.E. (D., 5--15 min.); Tr. (D., 20--60 min.)

~Ichthalbin.~

ICHTHYOL ALBUMINATE, _Knoll._--Gray-brown, odorl., almost tastel. powd.; 4 parts equal 3 parts ichthyol.--SOL. in alkaline fluids (such as intestinal secretion); insol. in ordinary solvents and in diluted acids (as gastric juice).--Succedaneum for Ichthyol _internally_ as an Alterant, Antiphlogistic, and Assimilative.--USES: Phthisis, scrofula, rheumatism, skin diseases, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn., 2 or 3 t. daily, before meals.--[Further information in "Merck's Digest" on "ICHTHALBIN," containing clinical reports and detailed information.]

~Ichthyol.~

AMMONIUM SULPHO-ICHTHYOLATE, _Ichthyol Co._,--(NH{4}){2}C{28}H{36}S{3}O{6}.--Thick, brown liq.; bituminous odor; 15% easily assimilable sulphur.--SOL. in water, mixture alcohol and ether; miscible with glycerin, oils.--Antiphlogistic, Anodyne, Alterative, Antigonorrhoic, Dermic--USES: _Intern._, skin diseases, rheumatism, scrofula, nephritis; _extern._, 5 to 50% oint., solut., etc.: uterine and vaginal inflammation, urticaria, erosions, pruritus, gout, boils, carbuncles, acne, eczema, herpes, burns, catarrh, etc.; 2% solut. in gonorrhea.--~Dose:~ 3--10 [min.] in pills, capsules, or water.--(See "ICHTHALBIN",--a preferable form for _internal_ use.)

~Ingluvin.~

Digestive ferment obtained from gizzard of chicken.--Yellowish powd.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.

~Iodia.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Combination of active principles from green roots of stillingia, helonias, saxifraga, menispermum; with 5 grn. potass. iodide per fl. dr.--Alterative, Uterine Tonic--~Dose:~ 1--3 fl. dr., 3 t. daily.")

~Iodine Merck.--U.S.P.--Resublimed.~

~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.--_Preparations:_ Oint. (4%); Comp. Solut. (5%, with 10% KI); Tr. (7%).--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach pump; starchy food in abundance.--INCOMPATIBLES: Oil turpentine, starch, tannin.

~Iodipin.~

Iodine addition-product of sesame oil.--Yellow fluid, of purely oleaginous taste; 10% iodine.--Alterative Tonic; carried even to remotest parts of body.--USES: Syphilis, scrofula, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., 3 or 4 t. daily, in emulsion with peppermint water and syrup; children in proportion.

~Iodo-bromide of Calcium Comp. (Tilden's).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fl. oz. contains 72 grn. combined salts of bromine, iodine, and chlorine with calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium; together with combined constituents of 1 oz. mixed stillingia, sarsaparilla, rumex, dulcamara, lappa, taraxacum, menispermum.--Alterative, Tonic--USES: Scrofula, cancer, chronic coughs, eczema, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., in water, before meals.")

~Iodoform Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Powd.~

~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (10%).--INCOMPATIBLE: Calomel.

~Iodoformogen.~

IODOFORM ALBUMINATE, _Knoll._--Brown-yellow, fine, dry, non-conglutinating powd.; about 3 times as voluminous as iodoform, more pervasive, and free from its odor.--Especially convenient, economical, and efficient form of Iodoform; liberates the latter, on contact with wound surfaces, gradually and equably, and hence is more persistent in action.

~Iodole.~

TETRAIODO-PYRROLE, _Kalle._--Light, fine, grayish-brown powd.; 89% iodine.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform, oils; 3 parts ether; slightly in water.--Antiseptic, Alterative.--USES: _Intern._, syphilis, scrofula, etc.; _extern._, 5 to 10% oint. in chronic ulcers, lupus, chancre, etc.; powd. or solut. on mucous membranes, as in ozena, tonsillitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn., daily, in wafers.

~Iodothyrine.~

THYROIODINE.--Dry preparation of thyroid gland.--Alterative, Discutient.--USES: Goiter, corpulency, myxedema, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--40 grn. per day.

Ipecac--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ _Stomachic_, 1/2--1 grn.; _emetic_, 10--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Powd. of Ipecac and Opium (1:10 each); Troches (1/4 grn.); Syr. (7 per cent. F.E.); Tr. Ipecac and Opium (D., 5--15 min.); Troches w. Morphine (one-twelfth grn. ipecac, one-fortieth grn. morph.); Wine (10 per cent. F.E.).

Iris--U.S.P.

BLUE FLAG.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--6 grn.); F.E. (D., 10--30 min.).

~Iron, by Hydrogen, Merck.~--(_Reduced Iron, U.S.P._).

QUEVENNE'S IRON.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

~Iron Acetate Merck.--Scales.~

~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.

~Iron Albuminate Merck.--Scales or Powd.~ Brown; very stable.--SOL. in water.--Hematinic.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.

~Iron Arsenate Merck.~

Yellowish-green, insol. powd.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/8 grn., in pill.

Iron Carbonate, Mass--U.S.P.

VALLET'S MASS.--50 per cent. Fe CO{3}.--~Dose:~ 3--5 grn., in pill.

Iron Carbonate, Mixture--_Compound Iron Mixture, U.S.P._

GRIFFITH'S MIXTURE.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. oz.

~Iron Carbonate, Saccharated, Merck,~ (_Saccharated Ferrous Carbonate, U.S.P._).

~Dose:~ 5--30 grn.

~Iron Citrate Merck~ (_Ferric Citrate, U.S.P._).--Scales.

~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.

~Iron Glycerino-phosphate Merck.~

Yellowish scales.--SOL. in water, dil. alcohol.--USES: Deficient nerve-nutrition, neurasthenia, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., 3 t. daily, in cinnamon water.

Iron Hydrate with Magnesia--U.S.P.

ARSENIC ANTIDOTE.--(I) Solut. ferric sulphate 50 Cc., water 100 Cc., (II) magnesia 10 Gm., water to make 750 Cc. (in a 1000 Cc. bottle). For immediate use, add I to II.

~Iron Hypophosphite Merck~ (_Ferric Hypophos., U.S.P._)~.--C.P.~

Whitish powd.--Insol. in water.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.

~Iron Iodide, Saccharated, Merck, (_Saccharated Ferrous Iodide, U.S.P._).~

~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.--CAUTION: Keep dark, cool, and well-stoppered!

~Iron Lactate Merck (_Ferrous Lactate, U.S.P._).--Pure.~

~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.

~Iron Oxalate, Ferrous, Merck.~

Pale-yellow, odorl., cryst. powd.--INSOL. in water.--~Dose~: 2--6 grn.

~Iron Oxide, Red, Saccharated, Merck.--Soluble.~

IRON SACCHARATE.--2.8% iron.--Brown powd.--SOL. in water.--USES: Antidote for arsenic; also in chlorosis, anemia, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Iron, Peptonized, Merck.--Powd. or Scales.~

5% iron oxide, with peptone.--SOL. in water.--USES: Mild, easily assimilable chalybeate.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.

~Iron Phosphate, Soluble, Merck, (_Soluble Ferric Phosphate, U.S.P._).~

~Dose~: 5--10 grn.

~Iron Pyro-phosphate, with Sodium Citrate, Merck, (_Soluble Ferric Pyro-phosphate, U.S.P._).~

~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.

~Iron Succinate Merck.~

Amorph., reddish-brown powd.--SOL. slightly in cold water; easily in acids.--Tonic, Alterative.--USES: Solvent biliary calculi.--~Dose:~ 10 grn., gradually increased to 60 grn. if necessary, after meals; associated with 10 drops of chloroform, 4 to 6 t. daily.

~Iron Sulphate, Basic, Merck.--Pure.~

MONSEL'S SALT: IRON SUBSULPHATE.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

~Iron Sulphate, Ferrous, Merck, (_Ferrous Sulphate, U.S.P._).~

~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.

~Iron Sulphate, Ferrous, Dried, Merck.~

Best form for pills.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn.

~Iron Tartrate, Ferric, Merck.~

Brown scales.--SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.

~Iron Valerianate Merck.--(_Ferric Valerianate, U.S.P._).~

Brick-red powd.; valerian odor; styptic taste.--Tonic, Nervine, Emmenagogue.--USES: Anemia or chlorosis, with hysteria or nervous exhaustion; epilepsy, chorea, etc.--~Dose:~ 3--15 grn.

~Iron and Ammonium Citrate Merck.--U.S.P.--Brown Scales.~

SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.--_Preparation:_ Wine (4%).

~Iron and Ammonium Sulphate, Ferric, Merck.--U.S.P.~

AMMONIO-FERRIC ALUM.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Iron and Manganese, Peptonized, Merck.~

Brown powd.--SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.

~Iron and Potassium. Tartrate Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.

~Iron and Quinine Citrate, Soluble, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.--_Preparation:_ Bitter Wine Iron (5%).

~Iron and Quinine Citrate, with Strychnine, Merck.~

1% strychnine.--Green scales.--SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

~Iron and Strychnine Citrate Merck.--U.S.P.~

1% strychnine.--~Dose;~ 2--5 grn.

~Itrol,~--see SILVER CITRATE.

Jalap--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--5 grn.); Comp. Powd. (D., 20--60 grn.); Resin (D., 2--5 grn.).

~Juice, Cineraria, Merck.~

USES: _Extern._, cataract of the eye; 2 drops 3 t. daily.

Kamala--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--2 drams, with hyoscyamus, in honey.

~Kefir Fungi Merck.~

USES: In making Kefir ("Kumyss").--[Further information in descriptive circular.]

~Keratin, Pepsinized, Merck.~

Horn-substance purified by pepsin.--Yellowish-brown powd.--USES: Coating enteric pills.--[Further information in descriptive circular.]

~Kermes Mineral,~--see ANTIMONY, SULPHURATED.

Kino--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (1:10).

~Koussein Merck.--Amorph.~

BRAYERIN, KUSSEÏN.--Yellowish-brown powd.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; slightly in water.--Anthelmintic.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn., divided into 4 parts, intervals of half hour; followed by castor oil. Children, half this quantity.

Kousso--U.S.P.

BRAYERA.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 1--4 drams).--See also, Koussein.

Krameria--U.S.P.

RHATANY.--~Dose:~ 5--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--10 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Syr. (45 per cent.); Tr. (1:5); Troches (1 grn. ext.).

~Kryofine.~

METHOXY-ACET-PHENETIDIN.--Colorl., odorl., powd.; faint bitter-pungent taste.--SOL. in 600 parts water; freely in alcohol, chloroform, ether.--Analgesic, Antipyretic.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn. in tabl. or powd.

~Lactopeptine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Contains pepsin, pancreatin, ptyalin, lactic and hydrochloric acids.--Grayish powd.--Digestant.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn., in powd. or tabl.")

~Lactophenin.~

LACTYL-PHENETIDIN.--Wh., odorl., slightly bitter powd.--SOL. in 500 parts water, 9 alcohol.--Antipyretic and Analgesic.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn.

~Lactucarium Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ _Hypnotic_ and _anodyne_, 5--20 grn.; _sedative_, 3--8 grn.--_Preparations:_ Tr. (1:2); Syr. (1:20).

~Lanolin.~

Wool-fat, analogous to Adeps Lanæ, which see.

Lappa--U.S.P.

BURDOCK.--Alterative.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.)

~Largin.~

Silver-albumin compound; 11% silver.--Gray powd.--SOL. in 9 parts water, also in glycerin.--Powerful Bactericide and Astringent, like silver nitrate but non-irritating and not precipitable by sodium chloride or albumin.--USES: Chiefly gonorrhea, in 1/4--1-1/2% solut. (according to stage), 3 t. daily.

~Lead Acetate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Powd.~

~Dose:~ 1--4 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon: sulphate of sodium or potassium or magnesium; milk, albumen, opium (in pain).--INCOMPATIBLES: Acids; soluble sulphates, citrates, tartrates, chlorides, or carbonates; alkalies, tannin, phosphates.

~Lead Carbonate Merck.--C.P.~

Not used internally.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (10%).

~Lead Iodide Merck.--U.S.P.--Powd.~

~Dose:~ 1--4 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (10%).

~Lead Nitrate Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst.~

~Dose:~ 1--4 grn.

Lemon Juice--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ Acid, Citric (q.v.).

Lemon Peel--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Oil; Spt.; Syr.--all flavorings.

~Lenigallol.~

PYROGALLOL TRIACETATE, _Knoll._--White powd.--INSOL. in water; sol. with decomposition in warm aqueous solut's of alkalies.--Mild succedaneum for Pyrogallol: non-poisonous, non-irritating, and non-staining.--APPLIED in 1/2--5% oint.

~Lenirobin.~

CHRYSAROBIN TETRACETATE, _Knoll._--INSOL. in water.--Mild "reactive" or "reducing" Dermic; succedaneum for Chrysarobin especially in herpes; non-poisonous, non-irritating, non-staining.--EXTERN. like chrysarobin.

Leptandra--U.S.P.

CULVER'S ROOT.--~Dose:~ 20--60 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 3--10 grn.); F.E. (1:1).

~Leptandrin Merck.--Pure.~

~Dose:~ _Cholagogue_ and _alterative_, 1--3 grn.; _purgative_, 8 grn.

~Levico Water,~--see AQUA LEVICO.

~Lime Merck.--U.S.P.~

CALCIUM OXIDE; BURNT LIME.--Escharotic, in cancers, etc.

~Lime, Sulphurated, Merck.~

(So-called "CALCIUM SULPHIDE".)--~Dose:~ 1/4--2 grn.

~Lime Water,~--see SOLUTION, CALCIUM HYDRATE.

~Liquor,~--see SOLUTION.

~Listerine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Essential antiseptic constituents of thyme, eucalyptus, baptisia, gaultheria, and mentha arvensis, with 2 grn. benzo-boric acid, in each fl. dr.--Clear, yellow liq. of arom. odor.--Antiseptic, Deodorant, Disinfectant.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr., diluted.--EXTERN. generally in solut. up to 20%.")

~Lithium Benzoate Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.

~Lithium Bromide Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Lithium Carbonate Merck.~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Lithium Citrate Merck.~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Lithium Hippurate Merck.--C.P.~

White powd.--SOL., slightly in hot water.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Lithium Iodide Merck.~

SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.

~Lithium Salicylate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

Lobelia--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 2--10 min.); Tr. (D., 10--40 min.).--See also, Lobeline.

~Lobeline Sulphate (fr. Seed) Merck.~

Very deliquescent, yellow, friable pieces.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES: Chiefly asthma; also dyspnea, whooping-cough, and spasmodic neuroses.--~Dose:~ (_Spasmodic Asthma_): 1 grn. daily, gradually increasing to 3--6 grn. daily.--Children 1/6--3/4 grn. daily.--ANTIDOTES: Stomach siphon, emetics, tannin; later brandy, spirit ammonia; morphine.

~Loretin.~

Yellow, odorl., insol. powd. Forms emulsions with ethereal and oily fluids (especially w. collodion).--Succedaneum for iodoform externally.--APPLIED like the latter.

~Losophan.~

TRI-IODO-CRESOL.--Colorl. needles, peculiar odor; 80% iodine.--SOL. in ether, chloroform; insol. in water.--Antiseptic, Vulnerary, Dermic--EXTERN. in 1% solut. in 75% alcohol, or in 1--3% oint.

Lupulin--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 3--8 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Oleores. (D., 2--5 grn.).

~Lycetol.~

DIMETHYL-PIPERAZINE TARTRATE.--Wh. powd.--SOL. in water.--Uric-acid Solvent, Diuretic--USES: Gout, lithiasis, etc.--~Dose:~ 4--10 grn.

Lycopodium--U.S.P.

Used only extern., as dusting-powd.

~Lysidine.~

50% solut. Ethylene-ethenyl-diamine.--Pinkish liq.; mousy odor.--MISCIBLE with water.--Uric-acid Solvent, Diuretic--USES: Gout, lithiasis, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn., in carbonated water.

Magnesium Carbonate.--U.S.P.

Antacid, Antilithic.--~Dose:~ 30--120 grn.

~Magnesium Citrate Merck.--Soluble.~

~Dose:~ 30--120 grn.

~Magnesium Oxide, Light, Merck, (_Magnesia, U.S.P._).~

LIGHT or CALCINED MAGNESIA.--Light, white powd.; slightly alkaline taste.--SOL. in diluted acids, carbonic-acid water.--Antacid, Laxative, Antilithic.--USES: _Intern._, sick headache, heartburn, gout, dyspepsia, sour stomach, constipation, gravel, and as antidote to arsenous acid. _Extern._, ulcers and abraded surfaces; dusting-powd. for babies; and in tooth powders.--~Dose:~ 10--30--60 grn. Small doses are antacid or antilithic; large are laxative.

~Magnesium Oxide, Heavy, Merck, (_Heavy Magnesia, U.S.P._).~

~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.

~Magnesium Salicylate Merck.--C.P.~

SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 15--60 grn.

~Magnesium Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

EPSOM SALT.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 oz.

~Magnesium Sulphite Merck.~

USES: Instead of sodium sulphite: has less disagreeable taste.--~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.

~Maltzyme.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "A concentrated, diastasic essence of malt.--Nutritive, Digestant--USES: Malnutrition, starchy indigestion, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 fl. oz., during meals; children in proportion.")

~Manganese Dioxide Merck.~

MANGANESE PEROXIDE; BLACK OXIDE OF MANGANESE.--Containing over 90% MnO{2}.--~Dose:~ 2--10 grn.

~Manganese Hypophosphite Merck.~

Permanent rose-red cryst.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.

~Manganese Iodide Merck.~

Brown, deliquescent masses.--SOL. in water, with decomposition.--USES: Anemia, chlorosis, scrofula, syphilis, and enlargement of spleen.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.

~Manganese, Peptonized, Merck.~

Brown powd.; 4% manganic oxide.--SOL. in water.--USES: Anemia and chlorosis.--~Dose:~ 10-30 grn.

~Manganese Peroxide,~--see MANGANESE DIOXIDE.

~Manganese Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst.~

SOL. in 1 part water.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

Manna--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1/2--1 oz.

Marrubium--U.S.P.

HOREHOUND.--Used chiefly as infus. (1:16) taken hot, or as confectionery; in coughs, colds, etc.

Mastic--U.S.P.

MASTICHE.--_Preparations:_ Pills Aloes and Mastic (2 grn. A., 2/3 grn. M.).

Matico--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 30--60 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Tr. (1:10).

Matricaria--U.S.P.

GERMAN CHAMOMILE.--Used chiefly as tea, in colds.

~Melachol.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Liquefied combination of sodium phosphate with sodium nitrate; 1 fl. dr.=85 grn. sod. phosphate--Laxative, Nervine.--~Dose:~ _Lax._, 1--6 fl. drs., in water, before meals; _nerv._, 1/2 fl. dr., 3 t. daily.")

Melissa--U.S.P.

BALM.--Carminative.--See also, Spt. Melissa.

Menispermum--U.S.P.

YELLOW PARILLA.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn., in F.E. (1:1) or infus.

~Menthol Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Recryst.~

~Dose:~ 3--5 grn.--For toothache: put a crystal into cavity.--Tampons, 1 in 5 of oil.

~Mercauro.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "10 min. contain 1/32 grn. each gold, arsenic, and mercury bromides.--Alterative, Antisyphilitic--~Dose:~ 5--15 min., in water, after meals.")

~Mercuro-iodo-hemol.~

Brown powd.; 12.35% mercury, 28.68% iodine, with hemol.--Antisyphilitic (chiefly); without untoward action.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., 3 t. daily, in pills.

Mercury--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Mass (33 per cent.): Mercury with Chalk (D., 3--10 grn.); Oint. (50 per cent.); Plaster (18 per cent.); Ammoniac and Mercury Plaster (30 per cent. Hg.).

~Mercury, Ammoniated,~--see MERCURY-AMMONIUM CHLORIDE.

~Mercury Benzoate, Mercuric, Merck.~

White cryst.--SOL. in alcohol, solut. sodium chloride; slightly in water.--USES: Syphilis and skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1/32--1/8 grn., in pills or hypodermically.

~Mercury Bichloride Merck (_Corrosive Mercuric Chloride, U.S.P._).--Recryst.~

~Dose:~ 1/32--1/12 grn.--MAX. D.: 1/8 grn. single; 1/2 grn. daily.--ANTIDOTES: Zinc sulphate, emetics, stomach siphon, white of egg, milk in abundance, chalk mixture, castor oil, table salt, reduced iron, iron filings. White of egg and milk 2 or 3 t. daily for a week.--INCOMPATIBLES: Reduced iron, sulphurous acid, albumin, alkalies, carbonates.

~Mercury Chloride, Mild, Merck.--U.S.P.~

CALOMEL.--INCOMPATIBLES: Sulphurous acid, hydrocyanic acid; alkali chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulphites, carbonates, hydrates; organic acids, lime water, etc.

~Mercury Cyanide Merck.~

~Dose:~ 1/16--1/8 grn., in solut.--EXTERN. (gargle) 1:10000.

~Mercury Imido-succinate,~--see MERCURY SUCCINIMIDE.

~Mercury Iodide, Red, Merck.~

MERCURY BINIODIDE.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/4 grn., in pills.

~Mercury Iodide, Yellow, Merck--U.S.P.~

MERCURY PROTO-IODIDE.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn. CAUTION: Never prescribe this with a soluble iodide, since mercury biniodide (highly poisonous) is formed!

~Mercury Oxide, Black (Hahnemann), Merck.~

HAHNEMANN'S SOLUBLE MERCURY.--Grayish-black powd.; decomposes on exposure to light.--~Dose:~ 1/4--3 grn.

~Mercury Oxide, Red, Merck.--U.S.P.--Levigated.~

Not used internally.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (10%).--INCOMPATIBLES: Chlorides.

~Mercury Oxide, Yellow, Merck.~

Not used internally.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (10%).

~Mercury Oxycyanide Merck.~

White, cryst. powd.--SOL. in water.--Antiseptic.--USES: _Extern._, diphtheria, erysipelas, and skin diseases; said superior as antiseptic dressing to mercuric chloride because more active as germicide and less easily absorbed.--APPLIED in 0.6% solut. to wounds and in surgical operations.

~Mercury Salicylate Merck.~

White powd.; about 59% mercury.--SOL. in solut. of sodium chloride, dilute alkalies.--USES: _Extern._, chancre, gonorrhea, and venereal affections; 1% powd. or oint.; _injection_ in urethra, 1--5% water.--Reported easily borne by the stomach, and to produce no salivation.--~Dose:~ 1/3--1 grn.

~Mercury Succinimide Merck.~

MERCURY IMIDO-SUCCINATE.--White powd.--SOL. in 25 parts water; slightly in alcohol.--Antisyphilitic, Alterative.--Said to be free from disagreeable local and secondary effects.--~Dose:~ 1/5 grn., hypodermically.

~Mercury Sulphate, Basic, Merck.~

MERCURY SUBSULPHATE; TURPETH MINERAL.--~Dose:~ _Emetic_, 2--5 grn.; _alterative_, 1/4--1/2 grn.; in pills or powd.

~Mercury Tannate Merck.~

Greenish-gray powd.; about 50% mercury.--Antisyphilitic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn., in pills.

~Mercury-Ammonium Chloride Merck.--U.S.P.~

WHITE PRECIPITATE; AMMONIATED MERCURY.--Not used internally.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (10%).

~Methyl Salicylate Merck,--U.S.P.~

SYNTHETIC OIL GAULTHERIA (WINTERGREEN).--~Dose:~ 5--30 [min.].

~Methylene Blue Merck.--C.P., Medicinal.~

Bluish cryst., or blue powd.--SOL. in 50 parts water.--USES: Rheumatism, malaria, cystitis, nephritis, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--4 grn., in capsules.--INJECTION: 1 grn.--MAX. D.: 15 grn., single or daily.--[Further information in "Merck's Digest" on "Methylene Blue," containing clinical reports.]

Mezereum--U.S.P.

MEZEREON.--Alterative.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (irritant). Enters into Comp. Decoct. Sarsaparilla, and Comp. F.E. Sarsaparilla.

Milk Sugar--U.S.P.

LACTOSE.--Nutritive, Diuretic--~Dose:~ 1--6 oz. a day, in milk.

~Monsel's Salt,~--see IRON SULPHATE, BASIC.

~Morphine Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure, Cryst.~

Almost insol. in water.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/2 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach tube, permanganate potassium, paraldehyde, picrotoxin, atropine, strychnine, caffeine, cocaine, exercise, electric shock, etc.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alkalies, tannic acid, potassium permanganate, etc.

~Morphine Hydrochlorate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 24 parts water.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/2 grn.

~Morphine Meconate Merck.~

MORPHINE BIMECONATE.--Yellowish-white powd.--SOL. in alcohol; 25 parts water.--Said to have less disagreeable effect on brain, stomach, and intestines than other morphine salts.--~Dose:~ Same as Morphine.

~Morphine Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 21 parts water.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/2 grn.--_Preparations:_ Comp. Powd. (1:60); Troches Morph. and Ipecac (1/40 grn. M., 1/12 grn. I.).

~(Other salts of Morphine are not described because used substantially as the above.)~

~Muscarine Nitrate Merck.~

Brown, deliquescent mass.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antihidrotic, Antispasmodic--USES: Night-sweats, diabetes insipidus; antidote to atropine, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/32--1/16 grn.

~Muscarine Sulphate Merck.~

USES and DOSES: Same as the Nitrate.

Musk--U.S.P.

Stimulant, Antispasmodic--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (1:20).

~Mydrine Merck.~

Combination of ephedrine and homatropine hydrochlorates (100:1).--Wh. powd.--SOL. in water.--Mydriatic--USES: Where evanescent mydriasis is desired; especially valuable in diagnosis.--APPLIED in 10% solut.

Myrrh--U.S.P.

Astringent, Carminative. Cathartic, Emmenagogue.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ Tr. (1:20); Tr. Aloes and Myrrh (each 10 per cent.); Pills Aloes and Myrrh (2 grn. A., 1 grn. M.).

~Myrtol Merck.~

Constituent of essential oil of Myrtus communis, L.--Clear, colorl. liq.: agreeable, ethereal odor.--SOL. in alcohol.--Antiseptic, Sedative, Stimulant. USES: Chronic bronchitis, tonsillitis, cystitis.--~Dose:~ 1--2 [min.].

~Naftalan.--(_Not Naphtalin!_)~

NAPHTALAN.--Obtained by fractional distillation of a natural naphta from Armenia.--Blackish-green, unctuous, neutral mass; empyreumatic odor.--SOL. in fats, oils, ether, chloroform; insol. in water, glycerin.--Analgesic, Antiphlogistic, Parasiticide.--USES: Succedaneum for oil cade or oil tar in skin diseases; also in burns, contusions, epididymitis, etc.--CONTRA-INDICATED in very irritated conditions: ineffectual in psoriasis.--APPLIED pure, and well covered. The stains it may make readily disappear on immersion in kerosene or benzin.--Keep from air!

~Naphtalin Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Medicinal.~

USES: _Intern._, intestinal catarrhs, worms, cholera, typhoid fever, etc.; _extern._, skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 2--8 grn., in powd. or capsule; for tapeworm, 15 grn., followed some hours later by castor oil.--MAX. D.: 30 grn.

~Naphtol, Alpha-, Merck.--Recryst., Medicinal.~

Colorl. or pinkish prisms; disagreeable taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; slightly in water.--Antiseptic, Antifermentative.--USES: Diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid fever, and summer complaint.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

~Naphtol, Beta-, Merck.--U.S.P.--Recryst., Medicinal.~

~Dose:~ 3--8 grn.--MAX. D.: 10 grn. single; 30 grn. daily.

~Naphtol, Beta-, Benzoate, Merck.--Pure.~

BENZO-NAPHTOL.--Whitish powd.; darkens with age.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform.--Intestinal Disinfectant.--USES: Diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Narceine-sodium and Sodium Salicylate~,--see ANTISPASMIN.

~Neurodin.~

ACETYL-PARA-OXYPHENYL-URETHANE. _Merck._--Colorl., inodorous cryst.--SOL. slightly in water.--Antineuralgic, Antipyretic.--USES: Sciatica, rheumatic pains, migraine, various forms of fever.--~Dose:~ 15--25 grn. as _antineuralgic_; 5--10 grn. as _antipyretic_.

~Neurosine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fl. dr. represents 5 grn. each potass., sod., and ammon. bromides; zinc bromide 1/8 grn., ext. bellad. and ext. cannab. ind. each 1/64 grn.; ext. lupuli 4 grn.; fl. ext. cascara 5 min.; with aromatic elixirs.--Neurotic, Anodyne, Sedative.--_Dose:_ 1--2 fl. drs.")

~Nickel Bromide Merck.~

Greenish-yellow powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol, ether.--Nerve Sedative.--USES: Epilepsy, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.

~Nosophen.~

TETRAIODO-PHENOLPHTALEIN.--Yellow, odorl., tastel., insol. powd.; 60% iodine.--Surgical Antiseptic, like iodoform.

Nutgall--U.S.P.

GALLS.--_Preparations:_ Tr. (D., 30--60 min.); Oint. (1:5).

Nutmeg--U.S.P.

Aromatic, Carminative.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ Oil (D., 1--5 min.); Spt. (5 per cent. oil).--Enters into Aromatic Powder, and Comp. Tr. Lavender.

Nux Vomica--U.S.P.

Stomachic, Tonic, Respir. Stimulant.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/8--1/2 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Tr. (2 per cent. ext.).--See also, Strychnine.

~Oil, Almond, Bitter-, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 1/6--1/2 [min.]--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, ammonia, brandy, iron persulphate.--CAUTION: Poison!

~Oil, Cade, Merck.--U.S.P.~

Juniper Tar.--USES: Only _extern._, in psoriasis, favus, etc.

Oil, Cajuput--U.S.P.

Stimulant, Diaphoretic.--~Dose:~ 5--20 min.

Oil, Castor--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1/2--1 fl. oz., with saccharin or in emuls.

Oil, Cod-Liver--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--4 drams.--See also, Gaduol.

~Oil, Croton, Merck.--U.S.P.--Colorless.~

USES: _Intern._, obstinate constipation; amenorrhea, dropsy; _extern._, rheumatism, neuralgia, and indolent swellings; hypodermically to nævi.--~Dose:~ 1--2 [min.], in pills.--ANTIDOTES: Stomach siphon, oils, mucilage, opium, cocaine, etc.--CAUTION: Poison!

~Oil, Eucalyptus, Australian, Merck.~

USES: _Intern._, intermittent and remittent fever, bronchitis, cystitis, and dysentery, and by inhalation in asthma or catarrh; _extern._, skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 5--15 [min.]

Oil, Gaultheria--U.S.P.

OIL WINTERGREEN.--~Dose:~ 5--20 min.--_Preparation:_ Spt. (5 per cent.).

~Oil, Juniper Berries, Merck,~ (_Oil of Juniper, U.S.P._).

Diuretic.--~Dose:~ 5--15 [min.].--_Preparations:_ Spt. (5%); Comp. Spt. (0.4%).

~Oil, Mustard, Natural, Merck,~ (_Volatile Oil of Mustard, U.S.P._)--Rectified.

~Dose:~ 1/8--1/4 [min.], with much water.--_Preparation:_ Comp. Lin. (3%).

Oil, Olive--U.S.P. Emollient, Nutrient, Laxative.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 oz.; in hepatic colic, 3--6 oz.

~Oil, Pinus Pumilio, Merck.~

OIL MOUNTAIN PINE.--Fragrant oil; terebinthinous taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform.--Antiseptic, Expectorant.--USES: _Inhalation_ in pectoral affections; _intern.,_ as stimulating expectorant; _extern.,_ lately employed in glandular enlargements, boils, and skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.], in capsules.

~Oil, Pinus Sylvestris, Merck.~

OIL SCOTCH FIR; OIL PINE NEEDLES.--Antiseptic, Antirheumatic.--USES: By _inhalation_, chronic pulmonary diseases; _extern._, in chronic rheumatism.

Oil, Rosemary--U.S.P.

Stimulant, Diuretic, Carminative, Emmenagogue.--~Dose:~ 2--5 min.

Oil, Santal U.S.P.

OIL SANDAL WOOD.--Internal Antiseptic, Anticatarrhal.--~Dose:~ 5--20 min. in emuls. or capsules.

Oil, Tar--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 2--5 min.--Used chiefly extern.

Oil, Thyme--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 3--10 min.--Used chiefly extern.--See also, Thymol.

~Oil, Turpentine, Rectified, Merck.--U.S.P.~

For _internal_ use only the _rectified_ oil answers.--~Dose:~ 5--30 [min.]; for tapeworm, 1--2 drams.--_Preparation:_ Lin. (35%, with 65% resin cerate).

Ointment, Mercuric Nitrate--U.S.P.

CITRINE OINTMENT.--Stimulative and Alterative Dermic.--APPLIED in 10--50 per cent. dilution with fatty vehicle.

Ointment, Rose Water--U.S.P.

COLD CREAM.--18 per cent. borax.--Astringent Emollient.

~Oleate, Cocaine, Merck.~--5% and 10%.

Local Anesthetic.

~Oleate, Mercury, Merck.~--20% and 40%.

USES: _Extern._, skin diseases, pediculi. Also for endermic administration of mercury.

~Oleoresin, Capsicum, Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in alcohol, ether.--Rubefacient, Stimulant.--USES: _Intern._, flatulence, and to arouse appetite; _extern._, diluted with soap liniment or olive oil, in lumbago, neuralgia, and rheumatic affections.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 [min.], highly diluted, in beef tea or other hot liq.

~Oleoresin, Male Fern, Merck, (_Oleoresin of Aspidium, U.S.P._).~

"EXTRACT" MALE FERN.--Thick, brown liq.; bitter, unpleasant taste. Efficacious and safe Anthelmintic.--~Dose:~ In _Tænia solium_ (the _usual_ kind of tapeworm), 2-1/2--3 drams, in _Tænia mediocanellata_ 3--4 drams; in capsules, followed if necessary in 1--2 hours by calomel and jalap.

MERCK'S Oleoresin of Male Fern _exceeds_ the requirements of the U.S.P., and conforms to the stricter demands of the Ph.G. III. MERCK'S preparation is made from rhizomes of a _pistachio-green_ color inside, and only the crop of each current year is used.

~Opium, Merck.--U.S.P.~

Not less than 9 per cent. morphine.

~Opium, Powdered, Merck.--U.S.P.~

13--15 per cent. morphine.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach-pump, warm coffee; atropine or strychnine hypodermically, potass. permanganate, exercise.--_Preparations:_ Deodorized (Denarcotized) Opium; Ext. (D., 1/4--1 grn.); Pills (1 grn.); Dover's Powder (Ipecac and Opium, ea. 10 per cent.); Tr. (1:10); Camph. Tr. (4:1000); Troches Liquorice and Opium (one-twelfth grn. O.); Vinegar (1:10); Wine (1:10).

Orange Peel, Bitter--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Tr. (1:5)--both flavorings.

Orange Peel, Sweet--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Syr. (1:20); Tr. (1:5)--both flavorings.

~Orexine Tannate.~

PHENYL-DIHYDRO-QUINAZOLINE TANNATE, _Kalle._--Yellowish-white, odorl. powd., practically tasteless.--Appetizer, Antiemetic, Stomachic.--USES: Anorexia in phthisis, chlorosis, cardiac diseases, surgical operations; also for vomiting of pregnancy. Contra-indicated in excessive acidity of stomach and in gastric ulcers.--~Dose:~ 4--8 grn., 2 t. daily; with chocolate.

~Orphol,~--see BISMUTH BETA-NAPHTOLATE.

~Orthoform.~

Methyl Ester of Meta-amido-para-oxybenzoic Acid.--Wh. odorl. powd.--SOL. slightly in water.--Local and intern. Anodyne, Antiseptic--USES: Chiefly extern., on painful wounds, burns, etc.--APPLIED pure or in trituration or oint.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn.

~Ovariin Merck.~

Dried ovaries of the cow.--Coarse, brownish powd.--USES: Molimina climacterica and other ills referable to the ovaries.--~Dose:~ 8--24 grn., 3 t. daily, in pills flavored with vanillin, or in tablets.

~Pancreatin Merck.--Pure, Powd. or Scales.~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Papain Merck.~

PAPAYOTIN.--Concentrated active principle of juice Carica Papaya, L. (Papaw).--An enzyme similar to pepsin, but acting in alkaline, acid, or neutral solut.--Whitish, hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in water, glycerin.--USES: For dissolving false membrane, and for aiding digestion.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.--EXTERN. in 5% solut. equal parts glycerin and water, for diphtheria and croup.--CAUTION: Not to be confounded with the vastly weaker preparations from papaw, known by various names.

~Papine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Anodyne principle of opium, without the narcotic and convulsive elements.--1 fl. dr. represents 1/8 grn. morphine.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs.")

~Paraformaldehyde Merck.~

PARAFORM; TRIOXY-METHYLENE.--White, cryst. powd.--Sol. in water.--Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: _Intern._, cholera nostras, diarrhea, etc.; _extern._, to generate (by heating) formaldehyde, for impregnating antiseptic bandages and surgical dressings, and for disinfecting atmosphere of rooms.--~Dose:~ 8--15 grn., several t. daily.

~Paraldehyde Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

Colorl. fluid; cryst. below 10.5° centigrade; peculiar, aromatic, suffocating odor and warm taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, oils, chloroform; about 10 parts water.--Hypnotic, Antispasmodic, Stimulant.--USES: Insomnia, and as antidote for morphine.--~Dose:~ 30--90 [min.], well diluted, with elixir, sweet water, brandy, or rum.

Pareira--U.S.P.

Diuretic, Laxative, Tonic--Dose: 30--60 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Pelletierine Sulphate Merck.~

PUNICINE SULPHATE.--Brown, syrupy liq.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Anthelmintic--~Dose:~ 6 grn., with 8 grn. tannin, in 1 ounce water.--Give brisk cathartic in half an hour.

~Pelletierine Tannate Merck.~

Grayish-brown, hygroscopic, tastel. powd.--SOL. in 800 parts alcohol, 700 parts water.--Anthelmintic. Principal and most efficacious salt of Pelletierine.--~Dose:~ 8--24 grn., in 1 ounce water, followed in 2 hours by cathartic.

Pepper-U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 3--15 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oleores. (D., 1/4--1 min.).--See also, Piperin.

Peppermint--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Oil (D., .5 min.); Spt. (10 per cent. oil); Troches (one-sixth min. oil); Water (one-fifth per cent. oil).--See also, Menthol.

~Pepsin Merck.--U.S.P.--1:3,000; Powd., Granular, or Scales.~

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alcohol, tannin, or alkali carbonates.

~Pepsin, Saccharated, Merck.--U.S.P.--1:300.~

~Dose:~ 60--150 grn.

~Peptenzyme.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Contains the digestive principles of the stomach, pancreas, liver, spleen, salivary and Brunner's glands, and Lieberkuhn's follicles.--Digestant.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn., 3 t. daily, in tabl., powd., or elix.")

~Pepto-Mangan (Gude).~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Aromatized solut. peptonized iron and manganese.--Hematinic--~Dose:~ 1--4 fl. drs., before meals.")

~Peptonizing Tubes.~

Each containing 25 grn. of peptonizing powder (pancreatin 1, sod. bicarb. 4) sufficient to peptonize 1 pint milk.

~Peronin.~

BENZYL-MORPHINE HYDROCHLORATE, _Merck_.--White powd.--SOL. readily in water; insol. in alcohol, chloroform, and ether.--Substitute for Morphine as a Sedative and Anodyne.--USES: Coughs, catarrhs, rheumatic and neuralgic pains, etc.; almost wholly free from the by-effects of morphine.--~Dose:~ 1/3--1 grn., in pill or sweetened solut.

~Phenacetin.~

PARA-ACETPHENETIDIN.--Wh., tastel., cryst. powd.--SOL. in 1500 parts water, 16 alcohol.--Antipyretic, Antineuralgic, Analgesic.--~Dose:~ _Antipyr._, 8--10 grn.; _analg._, 15--24 grn.; _children_, up to 5 grn.

~Phenalgin.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "AMMONIO-PHENYLACETAMIDE.--Wh. powd., of ammoniacal odor and taste.--Antipyretic, Analgesic.--~Dose:~ _Antipyr._, 5--10 grn.; _analg._, 10--20 grn.; in tabl., caps., or cachets.")

~Phenocoll Hydrochlorate.~

Colorl. needles.--SOL. in 16 parts water.--Antipyretic, Analgesic, Antiperiodic--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

Phosphorus--U.S.P.

SOL. in oils.--~Dose:~ one one-hundredth to one-thirty-second grn.--_Preparations:_ Elix. (21 per cent. Spt. Phosph.); Oil (1 per cent.); Pills (one one-hundredth grn.); Spt. (1/8 per cent.).--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach-pump; 1 per cent. solut. potass. permang.; avoid oils.--INCOMPATIBLES: Sulphur, iodine, oil turpentine, potass. chlorate, etc.--CAUTION: Inflammable! Keep under water.

Physostigma--U.S.P.

CALABAR BEAN.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., one-twelfth to 1/4 grn.); Tr. (D., 5--15 min.).--See also, Eserine (Physostigmine).

~Physostigmine,--see ESERINE~.

Phytolacca Root--U.S.P.

POKE ROOT.--Alterative, Antifat.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Picrotoxin Merck.--U.S.P.~

COCCULIN.--Antihidrotic, Nervine, Antispasmodic.--USES: Night-sweats of phthisis; also paralysis, epilepsy, chorea, flatulent dyspepsia, dysmenorrhea; also antidote to chloral.--~Dose:~ 1/100--1/30 grn.--MAX. D.: 1/10 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, chloral hydrate, and stimulants.

~Pilocarpine Hydrochlorate Merck.--U.S.P.~

Sialagogue, Myotic, Diaphoretic, Diuretic.--USES: _Intern._, dropsy, coryza, laryngitis, bronchitis, asthmatic dyspnea, uremic convulsions, croup, pneumonia, etc.; as antidote to atropine; contra-indicated in heart failure and during fasting; _extern._, 1--2% aqueous solut. for collyrium.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/4 grn. in water, hypodermically, or by mouth.--MAX. D.: 1/3 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, atropine, ammonia, brandy.--INCOMPATIBLES: Silver nitrate, corrosive sublimate, iodine, alkalies.

(~Other salts of Pilocarpine are not described because used substantially as the above.~)

Pilocarpus--U.S.P.

JABORANDI.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).--See also, Pilocarpine.

Pimenta--U.S.P.

ALLSPICE.--Aromatic, Stomachic--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oil (D., 2--5 min.).

~Piperazine.~

DIETHYLENE-DIAMINE.--Colorl., alkaline cryst.--SOL. freely in water.--Antipodagric, Antirheumatic--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn. 3 t. a day, well diluted.

~Piperin Merck.--U.S.P.~

Stomachic and Antiperiodic.--USES: Feeble digestion, and as substitute for quinine in remittent and intermittent fevers.--~Dose:~ _Stomachic_, 1/2--1 grn.; _antiperiodic_, 6--8 grn., both in pills.

Pitch, Burgundy--U.S.P.

Used only extern., as counterirritant.--_Preparations:_ Plaster (80 per cent.); Cantharidal Pitch Plaster (8 per cent. cerate cantharides, 92 per cent. pitch).

~Podophyllin,--see RESIN, PODOPHYLLUM.~

Podophyllum--U.S.P.

MAY APPLE.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--5 grn.); F.E. (D., 10--30 min.); Resin (D., 1/8--1/2 grn.).--See also, Resin Podophyllum.

Pomegranate--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--2 drams, as decoct. (1:4) or fl. ext. (1:1).--See also, Pelletierine.

~Potassa,--see POTASSIUM HYDRATE.~

~Potassa, Sulphurated, Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure.~

USES: _Intern._, small doses increase frequency of pulse; large doses: rheumatism, gout, scrofula, painter's colic, skin diseases, catarrh, croup; antidote in lead and mercury poisoning; _extern._, lotion in parasitic skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 2--10 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, lead or zinc acetate, brandy.--INCOMPATIBLES: Acids, alcohol, carbonated waters, etc.

~Potassa, Sulphurated, Merck.--Crude.~

USES: For baths in skin affections, 2--4 ounces to one bath.--CAUTION: Avoid metal bath-tubs, metal spoons, and water with much carbon dioxide.

~Potassium Acetate Merck.--C.P.~

Very deliquescent.--SOL. in 0.36 part water, 1.9 parts alcohol.--~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.

~Potassium Antimonate Merck.--Purified, Washed.~

DIAPHORETIC ANTIMONY; "WHITE OXIDE ANTIMONY."--White powd.--Diaphoretic, Sedative.--USES: Pneumonia, puerperal fever, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--24 grn.

~Potassium Arsenite Merck.--Pure.~

White powd.--SOL. in water.--~Dose:~ 1/32--1/16 grn.

~Potassium Bicarbonate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst. or Powder.~

SOL. in water.--Diuretic, Antilithic, Antacid.--USES: Dyspepsia, dropsy, lithiasis, sour stomach, jaundice, etc. Usually taken effervescent with tartaric or citric acid.--~Dose:~20--60 grn.

~Potassium Bichromate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P., Cryst.~

SOL. in 10 parts water.--Corrosive, Astringent, Alterative.--USES: _Intern._, syphilis; _extern._, sweating feet, tubercular nodules, syphilitic vegetations, and warts.--~Dose:~ 1/16--1/4 grn.--EXTERN. in 5% solut. for sweating feet; 10% solut. as caustic.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics and stomach pump, followed by soap, magnesia, or alkali carbonates.

~Potassium Bisulphate Merck.--C.P., Cryst.~

Colorl., more or less moist, plates.--SOL. in water.--Aperient. Tonic.--USES: Constipation with weak appetite.--~Dose:~ 60--120 grn., with equal weight sodium carbonate.

~Potassium Bitartrate Merck.--C.P., Cryst. or Powd.~

CREAM OF TARTAR.--~Dose:~ 1--8 drams.

~Potassium Bromide.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 15--60 grn.

~Potassium Cantharidate Merck.~

White, amorph. powd., or cryst. mass.--SOL. in water.--USES: Hypodermically in tuberculosis (Liebreich).--INJECTION: 3--6 [min.] of 3:5000 solut.

~Potassium Carbonate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Potassium Chlorate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ Troches (4--1/2 grn.).--INCOMPATIBLES: Iron iodide, tartaric acid.--CAUTION: Do not triturate with sulphur, phosphorus, or organic or combustible compounds. Inflames or explodes with sulphuric acid and any organic powd. Do not administer on empty stomach!

~Potassium Citrate Merck.--U.S.P.--Pure.~

SOL. in 0.6 part water; slightly in alcohol.--USES: Rheumatism, lithiasis, fevers.--~Dose:~ 20--25 grn.

~Potassium Cyanide Merck.--C.P.~

SOL. in 2 parts water; slightly in alcohol.--Sedative, Antispasmodic, Anodyne. USES: _Intern._, dyspnea, asthma, phthisis, catarrh, whooping-cough, etc.; _extern._, 0.2--0.8% aqueous solut. in neuralgia and local pains; 0.6--1.2% aqueous solut. removes silver-nitrate stains from conjunctiva.--~Dose:~ 1/8 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Chlorine water, chlorinated-soda solut., ammonia, cold affusion, 10 grn. iron sulphate with 1 dram tincture of iron in ounce of water.--INCOMPATIBLES: Morphine salts, acid syrups, and silver nitrate.

~Potassium Glycerino-phosphate Merck.--50% Solut.~

Thick liq.--SOL. in water.--Nerve-tonic.--USES: Neurasthenia, phosphaturia, convalescence from influenza, etc.--INJECTION: 3--4 grn. daily, in water containing sodium chloride.

~Potassium Hydrate Merck.--C.P.~

CAUSTIC POTASSA.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Escharotic, Antacid, Diuretic.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn., highly diluted with water.--_Preparation:_ Solut. (5%).--ANTIDOTES: Vinegar, lemon juice, orange juice, oil, milk; opium if pain; stimulants in depression.

~Potassium Hydrate with Lime (_Potassa with Lime, U.S.P._).--Powder.~

VIENNA CAUSTIC; POTASSA-LIME.--USES: _Extern._, cautery, in paste with alcohol.

~Potassium Hypophosphite Merck.~

SOL. in 0.6 part water, 7.3 parts alcohol.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--CAUTION: Explodes violently on trituration or heating with any nitrate, chlorate, or other oxidizer.

~Potassium Iodide Merck.--C.P.~

SOL. in 0.75 part water, 2.5 parts glycerin, 18 parts alcohol.--INCOMPATIBLES: Chloral hydrate, tartaric acid, calomel, silver nitrate, potassium chlorate, metallic salts, acids.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (12%).

~Potassium Nitrate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

SALTPETER; NITER.--SOL. in 3.8 parts water.--~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.--_Preparation:_ Paper (fumes inhaled in asthma).

~Potassium Nitrite Merck.--C.P.~

White, deliquescent sticks.--SOL. in water.--USES: Asthma, epilepsy, hemicrana.--~Dose:~ 1/4--2 grn. several t. daily.

~Potassium Permanganate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 16 parts water.--Disinfectant, Deodorant, Emmenagogue.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn., in solut. or pills made with kaolin and petrolatum, or with cacao butter, after meals.--INCOMPATIBLES: All oxidizable substances, particularly organic ones, such as glycerin, alcohol, etc.--Remove stains with oxalic, or hydrochloric, acid.

~Potassium Phosphate, Dibasic, Merck.--C.P.~

Deliquescent, amorph., white powd.--SOL. in water.--Alterative.--USES: Scrofula, rheumatism, phthisis, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Potassium Salicylate Merck.~

White, slightly deliquescent powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antirheumatic, Antipyretic, Analgesic.--USES: Rheumatism, pleurisy, pericarditis, lumbago, muscular pains, etc.--~Dose:~ 6--15 grn.

~Potassium Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

SOL. in 9.5 parts water.--USES: Constipation, and as antigalactic.--~Dose:~ 20--120 grn., several t. daily, in solut.

~Potassium Sulphite Merck.--Pure.~

White, opaque cryst., or slightly deliquescent, white powd.--SOL. in 4 parts water, slightly in alcohol.--Antizymotic.--USES: Acid fermentation of stomach, and gastric ulceration.--~Dose:~ 15--60 grn.

~Potassium Tartrate Merck.--Pure.~

SOLUBLE TARTAR.--Colorl. cryst.--SOL. in 1.4 parts water.--Diuretic, Laxative.--~Dose:~ _Diuretic_, 15--30 grn., _laxative_, 1--3 drams.

~Potassium Tellurate Merck.--C.P.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water.--Antihidrotic.--USES: Night-sweats of phthisis.--~Dose:~ 1/2--3/4 grn., at night, in pills or alcoholic julep.

~Potassium and Sodium Tartrate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

ROCHELLE, or SEIGNETTE, SALT.--~Dose:~ 2--8 drams.--_Preparation:_ Seidlitz Powder.

Powder, Antimonial--U.S.P.

JAMES'S POWDER.--33 per cent. antimony oxide.--Alterative, Diaphoretic, Antipyretic.--~Dose:~ 2--10 grn.

~Propylamine~, so-called,--see SOLUTION, TRIMETHYLAMINE.

~Prostaden.~

STANDARDIZED DRIED EXTRACT PROSTATE GLAND, _Knoll._--USES: Hypertrophy of prostate.--~Dose:~ Up to 40 grn., daily, in tablets or powder.

~Protargol.~

Proteid compound of silver: 8% silver.--Yellow powd.--SOL. in water.--Antigonorrhoic.--APPLIED in 1/4--1% solut.

~Protonuclein.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Obtained from the lymphoid structures of the body by direct mechanical and physiological processes.--Brownish powd.--Antitoxic, Invigorator, Cicatrizant.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn., 3 t. daily.--EXTERN. [to cancers] pure.")

~Ptyalin Merck.~

Amylolytic ferment of saliva.--Yellowish powd.--SOL. in glycerin; partly in water.--USES: Amylaceous dyspepsia.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

Pulsatilla--U.S.P.

Antiphlogistic, Sedative, Antispasmodic.--Used chiefly in 1:10 tinct., the dose of which is 2--10 min.

Pumpkin Seed--U.S.P.

Anthelmintic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 drams.

~Pyoktanin, Blue.--Powder.--Also, Pencils.~

PENTA- and HEXA-METHYL-PARAROSANILINE HYDROCHLORATE, _Merck._--Non-poisonous, violet, cryst. powd.; nearly odorl.; solut. very diffusible in animal fluids.--SOL. in 12 parts 90% alcohol, 50 glycerin, 75 water; insol. in ether.--Antiseptic, Disinfectant, Analgesic.--USES: Surgery, ophthalmiatric and otiatric practice, diseases of throat and nose, gonorrhea, leucorrhea, varicose ulcers, burns, wounds, malignant and syphilitic neoplasms, conjunctivitis, etc. Stains removed by soap, rubbing well and washing with alcohol.--~Dose:~ In pyloric carcinoma, 1--5 grn., in caps.: at first once daily, then 2, finally 3 t. a day.--MAX. D.: 10 grn.--EXTERN. pure, or 1:1000--1:100 solut.

~Pyoktanin, Yellow.--Powder.--Also, Pencils.~

IMIDO-TETRAMETHYL-DIAMIDO-DIPHENYL-METHANE HYDROCHLORATE, _Merck_; APYONINE; C.P. AURAMINE.--Yellow powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Antiseptic, Disinfectant.--USES: Considerably weaker than the blue, and principally employed in diseases of skin and in ophthalmiatric practice.

Pyrethrum--U.S.P.

PELLITORY.--Topical Sialagogue; not used internally.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (1:5).

~Pyridine Merck.--C.P.~

Colorl., limpid, hygroscopic liq.; empyreumatic odor; sharp taste.--MISCIBLE with water, alcohol, ether, fatty oils, etc.--Respiratory Sedative, Antigonorrhoic, Antiseptic.--USES: Asthma, angina pectoris, dyspnea, gonorrhea, etc. Contra-indicated in heart weakness.--~Dose:~ 2--10 drops, several t. daily in water. Usually by _inhalation_; 45--75 [min.], evaporated spontaneously in room. As urethral _injection_, 1/3% solut.; as _paint_, 10% solut.

~Pyrogallol,~--see ACID, PYROGALLIC.

Quassia--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 2--5 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Tr. (1:10). Infus. (1:60).--Used by enema as teniacide.

~Quassin, Merck.--C.P.~

Intensely bitter cryst. or powd.--SOL. in alcohol, chloroform; slightly in water.--Tonic, Stimulant.--USES: Invigorate digestive organs.--~Dose:~ 1/30--1/3 grn.

Quillaja--U.S.P.

SOAP BARK.--Expectorant. Antiparasitic. Antihidrotic--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (1:5).

~Quinalgen.~

ANALGEN.--Derivative of quinoline.--Wh., tastel., insol. powd.--Anodyne.--USES: Sciatica, migraine, gout, rheumatism, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Quinidine Merck.~

CHINIDINE; CONCHININE.--From some species of Cinchona bark.--Colorl. prisms; effloresce on exposure.--SOL. in 20 parts alcohol, 30 parts ether, 2000 water.--Antiperiodic, Antipyretic, Antiseptic, Tonic--USES: Substitute for quinine. Salts less agreeable to take, but more prompt in action.--~Dose:~ _Tonic_, 1/2--3 grn.: _antiperiodic_, 20--30 grn.; for a _cold_, 5--10 grn. in syrup, capsule, or pill.--MAX. D.: 40 grn.

~Quinidine Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 8 parts alcohol, 100 water.--~Dose:~ As of quinidine.

~Quinine (Alkaloid) Merck--U.S.P.~

The salts are usually prescribed. For hypodermic use, the bisulphate, dihydrochlorate, or carbamidated hydrochlorate is to be preferred.--~Dose:~ _Tonic_, 1/2--2 grn. 3 t. daily; _antiperiodic_, 8--15 grn. 6--12 hrs. before paroxysm; _antipyretic_, 15--30 grn. in the course of an hour.

~Quinine Bisulphate.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 10 parts water, 32 parts alcohol; eligible for subcutaneous use.--NASAL INJECTION (in hay fever): 0.2% aqueous solut.--~Dose:~ Same as of quinine alkaloid.

~Quinine Dihydrochlorate Merck.~

Well adapted to subcutaneous injection, on account of solubility.--~Dose:~ Same as of quinine alkaloid.

~Quinine Glycerino-phosphate Merck.~

Colorl. needles; 68% quinine.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Nervine, chiefly in malarial neurasthenia, malnutrition, or neuralgia.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn., 3 t. daily, in pills.

~Quinine Hydrobromate Merck.~

~Dose:~ Same as of quinine alkaloid.

~Quinine Hydrochlorate Merck.~

SOL. in 3 parts alcohol, 9 parts chloroform, 34 parts water.--~Dose:~ Same as of quinine alkaloid.

~Quinine Salicylate Merck.~

White, bitter cryst.--SOL. in 20 parts alcohol, chloroform, 120 parts ether, 225 parts water.--Antiseptic, Antipyretic, Analgesic--USES: Typhoid, rheumatism, lumbago, and muscular pain from cold.--~Dose:~ 2--30 grn., in pill or caps.

~Quinine Sulphate.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in dil. acids; 740 parts water, 65 alcohol, 40 glycerin.--~Dose:~ Same as of quinine alkaloid.--INCOMPATIBLES: Ammonia, alkalies, tannic acid, iodine, iodides, Donovan's solution, etc.

~Quinine Tannate Merck.--Neutral and Tasteless.~

Light-brown, insol. powd.--USED chiefly for children.--~Dose~ (Children): 5--15 grn., with chocolate, in powd. or tablets.

~Quinine Valerianate Merck.--U.S.P.~

Slight odor of valerian.--SOL. in 5 parts alcohol, 100 parts water.--Nerve-tonic, Antipyretic, etc.--USES: Hemicrania and debilitated or malarial condition with a nervous state or hysteria.--~Dose:~ 2--6 grn.

~Quinine & Urea Hydrochlorate Merck.~

CARBAMIDATED QUININE DIHYDROCHLORATE.--Colorl. cryst.--SOL. freely in water, alcohol.--Used by INJECTION: 2--8 grn.

~(Other salts of Quinine are not described because used substantially as the above.)~

~Quinoidine Merck.~

CHINOIDINE.--Very bitter, brownish-black mass.--SOL. in diluted acids, alcohol, chloroform.--Antiperiodic, Tonic, etc.--USES: Intermittent and remittent fevers. Best taken between paroxysms.--~Dose:~ 2--15 grn.

Resin--U.S.P.

ROSIN; COLOPHONY.--Vulnerary; Irritant.--_Preparations:_ Cerate (35 per cent.): Plaster (14 per cent.).

~Resin, Jalap, Merck.--U.S.P.--True, Brown.~

HEAVY JALAP RESIN.--SOL. in alcohol; partly solut. in ether.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

~Resin, Podophyllum, Merck.--Perfectly and Clearly Sol. in Alcohol and in Ammonia.~

PODOPHYLLIN.--In habitual constipation, small continued doses act best.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/2 grn.; in _acute_ constipation, 3/4--1-1/2 grn.

~Resin, Scammony, Merck.--White, and Brown.~

~Dose:~ 3--8 grn.

~Resinol.--(_Not Retinol!_)~

UNGUENTUM RESINOL.--Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Combination of active principle of Juniperus oxycedrus and a synthetical derivative of the coal-tar series, with lanolin-petrolatum base.--Antipruritic, Antiphlogistic, Dermic.--EXTERN.: pure, night and morning.")

~Resorcin Merck.--C.P., Resublimed or Recryst.~

RESORCINOL.--White cryst.; reddish on exposure; unpleasant sweet taste.--SOL. in 0.5 part alcohol, 0.6 part water; ether, glycerin.--Antiseptic Antispasmodic, Antipyretic, Antiemetic, Antizymotic.--USES: _Intern._, for vomiting, seasickness, asthma, dyspepsia, gastric ulcer, cholera infantum, hay-fever, diarrhea, whooping-cough, cystitis, and diphtheria; _extern._, inflammatory diseases of skin, eyes, throat, nose, mouth, urethra, vagina, etc.--~Dose:~ _Seasickness_, chronic gastric catarrh, cholera nostras, or cholera morbus, 2--3 grn. every 1--2 hours, in solut. or powder; _ordinary_, 5--10 grn. several t. daily; _antipyretic_, 15--30 grn.--MAX. D.: 45 grn.--EXTERN. in 5--30% solut.

~Retinol Merck.~

ROSIN OIL.--Viscid, yellow, oily liq.--SOL. in ether, oils, alcohol, oil turpentine, glycerin.--Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, venereal affections; _extern._, oint. or liniment in skin diseases, and injection for gonorrhea; also solvent of phosphorus, salol, camphor, naphtol, carbolic acid, etc. Recommended as excipient for phosphorus.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.], 4--6 t. daily, in capsules.--EXTERN.: 10--50% oint.

Rhubarb--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ _Tonic_, 3--10 grn., _lax._, 10--20 grn.; _purg._, 20--40 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1--3--10 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Pills (3 grn.); Comp. Pills (rhub., aloes, myrrh); Tr. (1:10); Arom. Tr. (1:5); Sweet Tr. (1:10, with liquorice and glycerin); Syr. (10 per cent. F.E.); Arom. Syr. (15 per cent. arom. tr.); Comp. Powd. (rhub., 25; magnes., 65; ginger, 10). Rhus Glabra--U.S.P.

SUMACH BERRIES.--Astringent.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.).

Rhus Toxicodendron--U.S.P.

POISON IVY; POISON OAK.--Alterative, Cerebral and Spinal Stimulant.--Used mostly as 20 per cent. tr., 5--30 min. per dose.

~Rochelle Salt,~--see POTASSIUM & SODIUM TARTRATE.

Rose, Red--U.S.P.

Astringent.--_Preparations: _ F.E. (30--60 min.); Confect. (8:100); Honey (12 per cent. F.E.); Syr. (12-1/2 per cent. F.E.).

~Rubidium Iodide Merck.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water.--Alterative.--USES: As potassium iodide. Does not derange stomach.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.

~Rubidium & Ammonium Bromide Merck.~

White, or yellowish-white, powd.; cooling taste; saline after-taste.--SOL. in water.--Antiepileptic, Sedative, Hypnotic.--USES: Epilepsy, and as soporific, instead of potassium bromide.--~Dose:~ _Antiepileptic,_ 60--100 grn. daily, in solut.; _hypnotic_, 60--75 grn.

Rubus--U.S.P.

BLACKBERRY.--Astringent.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.); Syr. (25 per cent. F.E.).

Rumex--U.S.P.

YELLOW DOCK.--Alterative, Antiscorbutic.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.).

~Saccharin Tablets Merck.~

Each tablet equal in sweetness to a large lump of sugar.--USES: For sweetening tea, coffee, and other beverages.

~Saccharin.--Refined.~

BENZOYL-SULPHONIC IMIDE, _Fahlberg_; GLUSIDE.--White powd.; over 500 times as sweet as cane sugar.--SOL. in 50 parts ether, 30 parts alcohol, 230 parts water. Alkaline carbonates increase solubility in water.--Non-fermentable Sweetener.--USES: Sweeten food of diabetics and dyspeptics; cover taste of bitter and acrid remedies.

Saffron--U.S.P.

~Dose~: 10--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (1:10).

~Salicin Merck.~

SOL. in 28 parts water, 30 parts alcohol.--Tonic, Antiperiodic, Antirheumatic.--USES: Rheumatism, malaria, general malaise, and chorea.--~Dose:~ 20--30 grn.--MAX. D.: 150 grn. daily.

~Saliformin.~

HEXAMETHYLENE-TETRAMINE SALICYLATE, _Merck;_ FORMIN SALICYLATE.--White, cryst. powd., of agreeable acidulous taste.--SOL. easily in water or alcohol.--Uric-acid Solvent and Genito-urinary Antiseptic.--USES: Gout, gravel, cystitis, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn. daily.

~Salligallol.~

PYROGALLOL DISALICYLATE, _Knoll._--Resinous solid.--SOL. in 6 parts acetone, 15 parts chloroform.--Skin varnish, of weak pyrogallol effect.--USES: Chiefly as vehicle for eugallol, eurobin, and other dermics applicable as varnish.--EXTERN.: 2--15% solut. in acetone.

~Salipyrine.~

ANTIPYRINE SALICYLATE.--Wh. powd.; odorl.; sweetish taste.--SOL. in 250 parts water in alcohol, chloroform, ether.--Antirheumatic, Analgesic.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn., in cachets.

~Salol Merck.--U.S.P.~

PHENOL SALICYLATE.--SOL. in 0.3 part ether; chloroform, 10 parts alcohol; fatty oils; almost insol. in water.--Antiseptic, Antirheumatic, Antipyretic, etc.--USES: _Intern._, typhoid fever, diarrhea, dysentery, fermentative dyspepsia, rheumatism, grip, and cystitis; _extern._, wounds, burns, sores, etc. Coating for enteric pills; such pills should be taken one hour or more after meals, and no oil with them.--~Dose:~ 3--15 grn.; as _antipyretic_, 30--45 grn.

~Salophen.~

ACETYL-PARA-AMIDOPHENOL SALICYLATE.--Wh., odorl., tastel. leaflets or powd.; 51% salicylic acid.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; insol. in water.--Antirheumatic.--~Dose:~ 15--20 grn.

~Salt, Epsom,~--see MAGNESIUM SULPHATE.

~Salt, Glauber,~--see SODIUM SULPHATE.

~Salt, Rochelle,~--see POTASSIUM AND SODIUM TARTRATE.

~Saltpeter,~--see POTASSIUM NITRATE.

Salvia--U.S.P.

SAGE.--Tonic, Astringent, Stimulant.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn., as infus. (1:30) or fl. ext. (1:1).

Sambucus--U.S.P.

ELDER.--Stimulant, Diuretic, Diaphoretic.--~Dose:~ 4--8 drams, in infus. drank hot.

Sanguinaria--U.S.P.

BLOOD ROOT.--Expectorant, Emetic.--~Dose:~ 3--20 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Tr. (15:100).--See also, Sanguinarine.

~Sanguinarine Merck.--C.P.~

Small, white needles; acrid, burning taste.--SOL. in chloroform, alcohol, ether.--Expectorant, Alterative, Emetic.--USES: Chiefly as expectorant; also in dyspepsia, debility, etc.--~Dose:~ _Expectorant_, 1/12--1/8 grn., in solut.; _alterative_, 1/6--1/4 grn.; _emetic_, 1/2--1 grn.

~Sanguinarine Nitrate Merck.~

Red powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES, DOSES, ETC., same as alkaloid.

~Sanguinarine Sulphate Merck.~

Red powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES, DOSES, ETC., same as alkaloid.

~Santonin Merck.--U.S.P.~

ANHYDROUS SANTONINIC ACID.--SOL. in 4 parts chloroform, 40 parts alcohol, 140 parts ether, 5000 parts water.--~Dose:~ 2--4 grn.; children of 2 years, 1/4--1/2 grn.--_Preparation:_ Troches (1/2 grn.).

Sarsaparilla--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Comp. Decoct. (D., 1--4 oz.); F.E. (30--120 min.); Comp. F.E. (D., 30--120 min.); Comp. Syr. (flavoring).

Sassafras--U.S.P.

Carminative, Aromatic Stimulant.--_Preparation:_ Oil (D., 1--3 min.)

Sassafras Pith--U.S.P.

Demulcent, Emollient.--_Preparation:_ Mucilage (1:50).

Savine--U.S.P.

Rubefacient. Emmenagogue.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 5--20 min.); Oil (D., 1--5 min.).

Scammony--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--_Preparation:_ Resin (D., 3--8 grn.).

Scoparius--U.S.P.

BROOM.--Diuretic, Purgative.--~Dose:~ 30--60 grn., as fl. ext. (1:1) or infus. (1:20).--See also, Sparteine.

~Scopolamine Hydrobromate Merck.~

Colorl., hygroscopic cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Mydriatic, Sedative.--USES: _Extern._, in ophthalmology, 1/10--1/5% solut.; _subcutaneously_ for the insane.--INJECTION: 1/250--1/64 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach pump, muscarine, tannin, animal charcoal, cathartics, etc.

Scutellaria--U.S.P.

SCULLCAP.--Sedative, Antispasmodic.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.).

Senega--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1); Syr. (20 per cent. F.E.).

~Seng.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Active constituents of Panax Schinseng in an aromatic essence.--Stomachic.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr.")

Senna--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--4 drams.--_Preparations:_ Confect. (D., 1--2 drams), F.E. (1:1); Comp. Infus. (D., 1--3 oz.); Syr. (1:4).--Enters into Comp. Liquorice Powd.

Serpentaria--U.S.P.

VIRGINIA SNAKEROOT.--Tonic, Antiperiodic, Diaphoretic.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1) Tr. (1:10).--Enters into Comp. Tr. Cinchona.

~Serum, Antituberculous, Maragliano.--(Only in 1 Cc. [16 min.] tubes.)~

Antitoxin against Pulmonary Tuberculosis.--~Dose~ (subcutaneous): In _apyretic_ cases, 16 [min.] (1 cubic centimetre) every other day for 10 days, then daily for 10 days, and 30 [min.] twice a day thereafter until sweats have entirely subsided, when 16 [min.] are injected for a month every other day, and finally once a week for a year. In _febrile_ cases, if the fever be slight and intermittent, dosage the same as above; if continuous and intense, inject 160 [min.]; and if there be a marked fall of temperature repeat in a week, and so continue until fever is gone, then inject 16--32 [min.] daily.

~Silver Chloride Merck.~

White powd.; blackens on exposure to light.--SOL. in ammonia, potassium thiosulphate, potassium cyanide.--Antiseptic, Nerve-sedative.--USES: Chorea, gastralgia, epilepsy, pertussis, diarrhea, and various neuroses.--~Dose:~ ½--1-½ grn., in pills.--MAX. D.: 3 grn.

~Silver Citrate Merck.~

White, dry powd.--SOL. in about 4000 parts water.--Antiseptic Astringent.--USES: Wounds, gonorrhea, etc.--APPLIED in 1--2% oint., or 1--2:8000 solut.--Always prepare solut. fresh!

~Silver Cyanide Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in solut's of potassium cyanide, ammonia, sodium thiosulphate.--Antiseptic, Sedative.--USES: Epilepsy, chorea.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/20 grn., in pills.--ANTIDOTES: Ammonia, chlorine, mixture of ferric and ferrous sulphates, artificial respiration, stomach siphon.

~Silver Iodide Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in solut. potassium iodide or cyanide, ammonium thiosulphate.--Alterative.--USES: Gastralgia and syphilis.--~Doses:~ 3/43/4--1 grn., in pills.

~Silver Lactate Merck.~

Small needles or powd.--SOL. in 20 parts water.--Antiseptic Astringent.--USES: Sore throat, gonorrhea, etc.--APPLIED in 1--2:4000 solut.

~Silver Nitrate Merck.--U.S.P.--Cryst.~

SOL. in 0.6 part water, 26 parts alcohol.--~Dose:~ 1/8--1/2 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Solut. common salt, sal ammoniac, mucilaginous drinks, emetics, stomach siphon, white of egg, milk, etc.--INCOMPATIBLES: Organic matter, hydrochloric acid, chlorides, phosphates, arsenites, opium, extracts, resins, essential oils, tannin, etc.

~Silver Nitrate, Moulded (Fused), Merck.--U.S.P.~

LUNAR CAUSTIC.

~Silver Nitrate, Diluted, Merck.--U.S.P.~

MITIGATED CAUSTIC.--33-1/3% silver nitrate.

~Silver Oxide Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 1/12--1/6--3/4 grn., best mixed with some chalk and put up in capsules.--INCOMPATIBLES: Ammonia, creosote, tannin, acids.--CAUTION: Do not triturate with oxidizable matter; may cause explosion!

Soap--U.S.P.

WHITE CASTILE SOAP.--Detergent, Laxative.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.--_Preparations:_ Lin.; Plaster.

~Soap, Soft--U.S.P.~

GREEN SOAP.--Not used internally.--_Preparation:_ Lin.

~Sodium Acetate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

SOL. in 1.4 parts water, 30 parts alcohol.--Diuretic.--~Dose:~ 15--120 grn.

~Sodium Arsenate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 4 parts water, 2 parts glycerin.--~Dose:~ 1/24--1/8 grn.--_Preparation:_ Solut. (1%).--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, fresh ferric hydrate, dialyzed iron, ferric hydrate and magnesia, demulcents, stimulants, warmth, etc.

~Sodium Benzoate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in about 2 parts water, 45 parts alcohol.--Antirheumatic, Antipyretic, Antiseptic--USES: Rheumatism, gout, uremia, cystitis, lithemia, tonsillitis, colds, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.

~Sodium Bicarbonate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.--_Preparation:_ Troches (3 grn.).--CAUTION: Should not be given as acid-antidote, as it evolves large quantities of carbon dioxide gas.

~Sodium Bisulphite Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 4 parts water, 72 parts alcohol.--Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, sore mouth, diphtheria, yeasty vomiting; _extern._, skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Sodium Borate Merck.--U.S.P.~

BORAX; SODIUM PYROBORATE; so-called "SODIUM BIBORATE" or "TETRABORATE."--SOL. in 16 parts water; 1 part glycerin.--USES: _Intern._, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, epilepsy, uric-acid diathesis; _extern._, sore mouth, conjunctivitis, urethritis, etc.--~Dose:~ 30--40 grn.

~Sodium Borate, Neutral, Merck.~

_Erroneously_ designated as "SODIUM TETRABORATE."--Transparent, fragile, splintery, glass-like masses.--SOL. in water.--Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: _Extern._, chiefly in diseases of nose and ear; a cold saturated solut. used for bandages.

~Sodium Borobenzoate Merck.--N.F.~

White, cryst. powd.--SOL. in water.--Antiseptic, Antilithic, Diuretic.--USES: Rheumatism, gravel, and puerperal fever.--~Dose:~ 30--120 grn.

~Sodium Bromide.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 1.2 parts water, 13 parts alcohol.--~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.

~Sodium Carbonate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 1.6 parts water, 1 part glycerin.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Acetic acid, lemon juice, olive oil, etc.

~Sodium Chlorate Merck.--U.S.P.~

Colorl. cryst.; odorl.; cooling, saline taste.--SOL. in 1.1 parts water, 5 parts glycerin, 100 parts alcohol.--Deodorant, Antiseptic, Alterative.--USES: _Intern._, diphtheria, tonsillitis, pharyngeal and laryngeal inflammation, stomatitis, gastric cancer, mercurial ptyalism, etc.; _extern._, as wash, gargle or injection.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Organic matters, easily oxidizable substances.--CAUTION: Do not triturate with sulphur or phosphorus, or any combustible substance; severe explosion may occur!

~Sodium Choleate Merck.~

DRIED PURIFIED OX-GALL.--Yellowish-white, hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Tonic, Laxative.--USES: Deficient biliary secretion, chronic constipation, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--10 grn.

~Sodium Cinnamate Merck.--C.P.~

White powd.--SOL. in water.--Antitubercular, like cinnamic acid.--INJECTION (intravenous or parenchymatous): 1/3--1 grn. in 5% solut., twice a week.

~Sodium Dithio-salicylate, Beta-, Merck.~

Grayish-white, hygroscopic powd.--SOL. in water.--Antineuralgic, Antirheumatic.--USES: _Intern._, sciatica, gonorrheal rheumatism, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--10 grn.

~Sodium Ethylate, Liquid, Merck.~

Colorl. syrupy liq.; turns brown on keeping.--Escharotic.--USES: Warts, nævi, etc.--APPLIED with glass rod, pure. Chloroform arrests caustic action.

~Sodium Ethylate, Dry, Merck.~

White or brownish, hygroscopic powd.--ACTION AND USES: As above.--APPLIED in solut. 1:3 absolute alcohol.

~Sodium Fluoride Merck.--Pure.~

Clear cryst.--SOL. in water.--Antispasmodic, Antiperiodic, Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, epilepsy, malaria, tuberculosis; _extern._, antiseptic dressing for wounds and bruises, as mouth-wash, in vaginitis, etc. Does not attack nickel-plated instruments.--~Dose:~ 1/12--1/6 grn., in solut. with sodium bicarbonate.--APPLIED: _Wounds_, in 1/20--1/10% solut.; _mouth-wash_, etc., in 1/2--1% solut.

~Sodium Formate Merck.~

White, deliquescent cryst.--SOL. in water, glycerin.--USES: Hypodermically in surgical tuberculosis.--INJECTION (parenchymatous): _Children_, 1/2--1 grn. in solut., every 7--10 days; _adults_, 3 grn., every 7--10 days.

~Sodium Glycerino-phosphate Merck.--50% Solut.~

Yellowish liq.--SOL. in water.--USES: Deficient nerve-nutrition, neurasthenia, phosphaturia, convalescence from influenza, etc.--INJECTION: 3--4 grn. daily, in physiological solut. sodium chloride.

~Sodium Hippurate Merck.~

White powd.--USES: In cachexias, and diseases due to uric-acid diathesis.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.

~Sodium Hydrate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

SODIUM HYDROXIDE; CAUSTIC SODA.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 grn., freely diluted.--_Preparation:_ Solut. (5%).--ANTIDOTES: Water, and then vinegar, or lemon juice.

~Sodium Hypophosphite Merck.--Purified.~

SOL. in 1 part water, 30 parts alcohol.--~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.

~Sodium Hyposulphite~,--see SODIUM THIOSULPHATE.

~Sodium Iodide Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in about 1 part water, 3 parts alcohol.--USES: Rheumatism, pneumonia, tertiary syphilis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, scrofula, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--60 grn.

~Sodium Naphtolate, Beta-, Merck.~

MICROCIDIN.--Yellowish to white powd.--SOL. in 3 parts water.--USES: Surgical antiseptic on bandages, etc.--APPLIED in 3--5% aqueous solut.

~Sodium Nitrate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

CHILI SALTPETER.--SOL. in 1.3 parts water, 100 parts alcohol.--USES: _Intern._, inflammatory condition of intestines, dysentery, etc.; _extern._, rheumatism, 1:3 aqueous solut.--~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.

~Sodium Nitrite Merck.--C.P.~

White cryst. or sticks; mildly saline taste.--SOL. in 1.5 parts water; slightly in alcohol.--Antispasmodic, Diaphoretic, Diuretic.--USES: Angina pectoris, dropsy, and diseases of genito-urinary organs.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.

~Sodium Paracresotate Merck.~

Microcryst. powd.; bitter taste.--SOL. in 24 parts warm water.--Antipyretic, Intestinal Antiseptic, Analgesic.--USES: Acute gastric catarrh, acute rheumatism, pneumonia, typhoid fever, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--20 grn., according to age, 3 t. daily, in aqueous solut. with extract licorice.

~Sodium Phosphate Merck.--C.P.~

Colorl. cryst.--SOL. in about 20 parts water.--USES: Chronic rheumatism, stimulant of biliary secretion, mild laxative, and vesical calculi.--~Dose:~ 5--40 grn.; as laxative, 1/2--1 ounce.

~Sodium Pyrophosphate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 10 parts water.--USES: Lithiasis.--~Dose:~ 5--40 grn.

~Sodium Salicylate Merck--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 1 part water, 6 parts alcohol; glycerin.--~Dose:~ 5--40 grn.--MAX. D.: 60 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Ferric salts.

MERCK'S Sodium Salicylate is _the only brand_ which yields a clear and _colorless_ solut.

~Sodium Salicylate Merck.--From Oil Wintergreen.~

USES, etc., as above.

~Sodium Santoninate Merck.~

Stellate groups of needles: mildly saline and somewhat bitter taste; turn yellow on exposure to light.--SOL. in 3 parts water, 12 parts alcohol.--Anthelmintic.--USES: Instead of santonin; less powerful.--~Dose~ (adult): 2--6 grn., in keratinized pills: children 4--10 years old, 1--3 grn.

~Sodium Silico-fluoride Merck.~

White cryst. or granular powd.--SOL. in 200 parts water.--Antiseptic, Germicide, Deodorant, Styptic.--USES: _Extern._, wounds, carious teeth, cystitis, gonorrhea, for irrigating cavities, and in gynecological practice.--APPLIED in 1/5% solut.

~Sodium Sulphate Merck.--C.P., Cryst. or Dried.~

GLAUBER'S SALT.--SOL. in 3 parts water; glycerin.--~Dose:~ _Cryst._, 2--8 drams; _dried_, 1--4 drams.

~Sodium Sulphite Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 4 parts water, sparingly in alcohol.--USES: Skin diseases, sore mouth, diphtheria, sarcina ventriculi, and chronic mercurial affections.--~Dose:~ 10--60 grn.

~Sodium Sulpho-carbolate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 5 parts water, 132 parts alcohol.--Antiseptic, Disinfectant.--USES: _Intern._, dyspepsia, phthisis, typhoid fever, dysentery, etc.: _extern._, gonorrhea, putrid wounds, etc.--~Dose:~ 8--30 grn.--EXTERN.: 1/2--1% solut.

~Sodium Tartrate Merck.--C.P.~

White cryst.--SOL. in water.--USES: Tastel. substitute for Epsom salt.--~Dose:~ 4--8 drams.

~Sodium Tellurate Merck.~

White powd.--SOL. in water.--Antihidrotic, Antiseptic, Antipyretic--USES: Night-sweats of phthisis; gastric ulcerations, rheumatism, and typhoid fever.--~Dose:~ 1/4--3/4 grn., in alcoholic mixture or elixir.

~Sodium Thiosulphate Merck~ (_Sodium Hyposulphite, U.S.P._)

SOL. in 1 part water.--USES: Parasitic skin diseases, sore mouth, sarcina ventriculi, diarrhea, flatulent dyspepsia, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Iodine, acids.

~Solanin Merck.--Pure.~

Colorl., lustrous, fine needles; bitter taste.--Analgesic, Nerve-sedative.--USES: Neuralgia, vomiting of pregnancy, bronchitis, asthma, painful gastric affections, epileptoid tremors, locomotor ataxia, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.--MAX. D.: 1-1/2 grn. single, 8 grn. daily.

~Solution, Aluminium Acetate, Merck.~

8% basic aluminium acetate.--Clear, colorl. liq.--Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: _Intern._, diarrhea and dysentery; _extern._, lotion for putrid wounds and skin affections, mouth wash.--~Dose:~ 3--15 [min.]--EXTERN., solut. 1:15; as mouth-wash or enema, 1:150.

Solution, Ammonium Acetate--U.S.P.

SPIRIT MINDERERUS.--Diaphoretic, Antipyretic, Diuretic--~Dose:~ 2--8 drams.

~Solution, Arsenic and Mercuric Iodides, Merck.--U.S.P.~

DONOVAN'S SOLUTION.--~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.]--ANTIDOTES: Same as for arsenous acid.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alkalies and alkaloids or their salts.

~Solution, Calcium Bisulphite, Merck.~

Liq.; strong sulphurous odor.--Disinfectant, Antiseptic--USES: _Extern._, diluted with 4--8 t. weight water, in sore throat, diphtheria, vaginitis, endometritis, wounds, etc.

Solution, Calcium Hydrate--U.S.P.

LIME WATER.--Antacid, Astringent.--~Dose:~ 1--4 oz.--_Preparation:_ Liniment.

~Solution, Fowler's, Merck,~ (_Solut. Potassium Arsenite, U.S.P._).

Never give on an empty stomach!--~Dose:~ 1--5 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon; freshly precipitated ferric hydrate; or ferric hydrate with magnesia; or saccharated ferric oxide; etc.

~Solution, Hydrogen Peroxide.--U.S.P.~

3% H{2}O{2} (= 10 vols. available O).--SOL. in all proportions water or alcohol.--Disinfectant, Deodorant, Styptic, Antizymotic.--USED chiefly _extern._: in diphtheria, sore throat, wounds, gonorrhea, abscesses, etc.; _rarely intern._: in flatulence, gastric affections, epilepsy, phthisical sweats, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--4 fl. drs., well dil. EXTERN.: in 20% solut. to pure.--CAUTION: Keep cool and quiet. It rapidly deteriorates!

Solution, Iodine, Compound--U.S.P.

LUGOL'S SOLUTION.--5 per cent. iodine, 10 per cent. potass. iodide.--Alterative.--~Dose:~ 1--10 min.

Solution, Iron Acetate--U.S.P.

31 per cent. (= 7.5 per cent. iron).--Chalybeate, Astringent.--~Dose:~ 2--10 min.

~Solution, Iron Albuminate, Merck.~

Brown liq.--0.4% iron.--Hematinic; easily assimilable.--USES: Anemia, chlorosis, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--4 drams, with milk, before meals. MERCK'S Solution of Iron Albuminate is superior to other makes in point of palatability and stability, besides being perfectly free from acidity and astringency and hence not injuring the teeth or stomach.

Solution, Iron Chloride, Ferric--U.S.P.

37.8 per cent.--Styptic (chiefly in post-partum hemorrhage: 1 dram to pint water).

Solution, Iron Citrate, Ferric--U.S.P.

7.5 per cent. iron.--Hematinic.--~Dose:~ 5--15 min.

Solution, Iron Nitrate--U.S.P.

6.2 per cent. ferric nitrate.--Tonic, Intern. Astringent.--~Dose:~ 5--15 min.

Solution, Iron Subsulphate, Ferric--U.S.P.

MONSEL'S SOLUTION.--Styptic, Astringent.--USED chiefly extern.: pure or in strong solut.--~Dose:~ 2--10 min.

Solution, Iron and Ammonium Acetate--U.S.P.

BASHAM'S MIXTURE.--Hematinic, Astringent.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 fl. oz.

Solution, Lead Subacetate--U.S.P.

GOULARD'S EXTRACT.--25 per cent.--Astringent, Antiseptic.--USED chiefly to make the _Diluted Solution_ (lead water), and the _Cerate_ (20 per cent.).

Solution, Magnesium Citrate--U.S.P.

Laxative, Refrigerant.--~Dose:~ 6--12 fl. oz.

Solution, Mercury Nitrate. Mercuric--U.S.P.

60 per cent.--Caustic.--USED only extern.: pure.

Solution, Potassium Hydrate--U.S.P.

POTASSA SOLUTION.--5 per cent. KOH.--Antacid, Antilithic, Diuretic.--~Dose:~ 5--20 min., well diluted.--INCOMPATIBLES: Organic matter, alkaloids, ammonium salts.--ANTIDOTES: Mild acids, oils, milk.

Solution. Soda, Chlorinated--U.S.P.

LABARRAQUE'S SOLUTION.--2.6 per cent. available chlorine.--Disinfectant, Antizymotic.--~Dose:~ 20--60 min., diluted.--EXTERN. in 3--10 per cent. solut.

Solution, Sodium Arsenate--U.S.P.

1 per cent.--Alterative, Antiperiodic.--~Dose:~ 3--10 min.

Solution, Sodium Hydrate--U.S.P.

SODA SOLUTION.--5 per cent. Na OH.--ACTION, USES, DOSE, etc.: As of Solut. Potass. Hydr.

Solution, Sodium Silicate--U.S.P.

20 per cent. silica, 10 per cent. soda.--Used only for surgical dressings.

~Solution, Trimethylamine, Merck.--10%.--Medicinal.~

So-called "PROPYLAMINE."--Colorl. liq.; strong fishy and ammoniacal odor.--Antirheumatic, Sedative.--USES: Rheumatism, chorea, etc.--~Dose:~ 15--45 [min.]; in chorea as much as 1-1/2 ounces daily may be given, in sweetened, flavored water.

Solution, Zinc Chloride--U.S.P.

50 per cent.--Disinfectant, Astringent.

~Sozoiodole-Mercury.~

MERCURY DIIODO-PARAPHENOL-SULPHONATE, _Trommsdorff_.--Orange powd.--SOL. in solut. of sodium chloride or potassium iodide.--Antisyphilitic, Antiseptic, Alterative. USES: Syphilitic eruptions and ulcers, enlarged glands, parasitic skin diseases, and diseased joints.--APPLIED in 2--20% oint. or powd.; _Injection_ (hypodermically), 1--3 grn., in solut. of potassium iodide.

~Sozoiodole-Potassium.~

POTASSIUM DIIODO-PARAPHENOL-SULPHONATE, _Trommsdorff._--White, odorl., cryst. powd.; 52.8% of iodine; 20% of phenol; and 7% sulphur.--SOL. slightly in cold water; insol. in alcohol.--Antiseptic Vulnerary; Non-poisonous Succedaneum for Iodoform.--USES: _Extern._, scabies, eczema, herpes tonsurans, impetigo, syphilitic ulcers, diphtheria, burns, and scalds; ozena, otitis, and rhinitis; injection for gonorrhea.--APPLIED in 10--25% oint's or dusting-powders, which are as effective as iodoform pure.--INCOMPATIBLES: Mineral acids, ferric chloride, silver salts.

~Sozoiodole-Sodium.~

SODIUM DIIODO-PARAPHENOL-SULPHONATE, _Trommsdorff._--Colorl. needles.--SOL. in 44 parts water; alcohol, 20 parts glycerin.--Antiseptic, Astringent, Antipyretic.--USES: _Intern._, as intestinal antiseptic, and in diabetes; _extern._, gonorrhea, cystitis, nasal catarrh, ulcers, whooping-cough, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--30 grn. daily.--EXTERN.: 10% oint., with adeps lanæ, 1% solut. in water, or 2% solut. in paraffin. In whooping-cough, 3 grn. daily, blown into nose.

~Sozoiodole-Zinc.~

ZINC DIIODO-PARAPHENOL-SULPHONATE, _Trommsdorff._--Colorl. needles.--SOL. in 25 parts water, in alcohol, glycerin.--Antiseptic Astringent.--USES: Gonorrhea, nasal and pharyngeal catarrhs, etc.--APPLIED: _Rhinitis_, 5--10% trituration with milk sugar by insufflation, or 3--5% paint; _gonorrhea_, 1/2--1% solut.; _skin diseases_, 5--10% oint.; _gargle_, 1--2% solut.

~Sparteine Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in water, alcohol.--Heart-stimulant, Diuretic.--USES: Best where digitalis fails or is contra-indicated.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1 grn.

Spearmint--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Oil (D., 2--5 min.); Spt. (10 per cent. oil); Water (one-fifth per cent. oil).

~Spermine, Poehl.--Sterilized.~

2% solut. of spermine hydrochlorate with sodium chloride.--Nervine.--USES: Nervous diseases with anemia, neurasthenia, hystero-epilepsy, angina pectoris, locomotor ataxia, asthma, etc.; usually hypodermically.--INJECTION: 15 [min.], usually given on the lower extremities or near the shoulder-blade, once daily, for 8 or 10 days.--INCOMPATIBLE with potassium iodide treatment.

~Spermine Poehl.--Essence.~

4% aromatized alcoholic solut. of the double-salt spermine hydrochlorate-sodium chloride.--USES: _Intern._, for same diseases as the preceding.--~Dose:~ 10--30 [min.], in alkaline mineral water, every morning.

Spigelia--U.S.P.

PINKROOT.--Anthelmintic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 drams.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (1:1).

~Spirit, Ants, True, Merck.~

From ants.--Rubefacient.--USES: Counter-irritant in painful local affections.--APPLIED undiluted.

Spirit Glonoin--U.S.P.

SPIRIT (SOLUTION) OF NITROGLYCERIN (TRINITRIN).--1 per cent.--Antispasmodic, Vaso-dilator.--~Dose:~ 1--3 min.

~Spirit, Melissa, Concentrated, Merck.~

Rubefacient, Stimulant, Carminative.--USES: _Extern._, as counter-irritant; _intern._, in cardialgia, colic, and diarrhea.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 dram on sugar.

Spirit, Nitrous Ether--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 30--90 min.--INCOMPATIBLES: Antipyrine, tannin, acetanilid, phenacetin, iodides, fl. ext. buchu, tr. guaiac, and morphine salts.

Squill--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1); Syr. (45 per cent. vinegar squill); Comp. Syr. (F.E. squill, 8 per cent.; F.E. senega, 8 per cent.; tartar emetic, one-fifth per cent.); Tr. (15:100); Vinegar (1:10).

Staphisagria--U.S.P.

STAVESACRE.--Parasiticide.--USED extern., in substance or 1:16 solut. of fl. ext. in dil. acetic acid.

Starch--U.S.P.

_Preparation:_ Glycerite (1:10).

~Starch, Iodized, Merck.~

2% iodine.--Bluish-black powd.--Disinfectant, Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, diarrhea, typhoid fever, etc.; _extern._, with adeps lanæ, as substitute for tincture of iodine.--~Dose:~ 3--10 grn.

Stillingia--U.S.P.

QUEEN'S ROOT.--Alterative, Resolvent.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.).

Storax--U.S.P.

Stimulant, Antiseptic, Expectorant.--~Dose:~ 5--20 grn.--Enters into Comp. Tr. Benzoin.

Stramonium Leaves--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 2--5 grn.

Stramonium Seed--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 1/4--1/2 grn.); F.E. (1:1); Oint. (10 per cent. Ext.); Tr. (15:100).

~Strontium Arsenite Merck.~

White powd.--Almost insol. in water.--Alterative, Tonic.--USES: Skin diseases and malarial affections.--~Dose:~; 1/30--1/15 grn., in pills.

~Strontium Bromide Merck.--Cryst.~

Deliquescent, colorl., odorl. needles; bitter-saline taste.--SOL. in alcohol; 1--2 parts water.--Gastric Tonic, Nerve-sedative, Antiepileptic, Antinephritic.--USES: Hyperacidity of stomach; rheumatism, gout, epilepsy, nervousness, hysteria, headache, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--40 grn. In epilepsy as much as 150 grn. may be given daily.

~Strontium Iodide Merck.~

White or yellowish, deliquescent powd. or plates; bitterish-saline taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; 0.6 parts water.--Alterative, Sialagogue.--USES: Substitute for potassium iodide in heart disease, asthma, rheumatism, scrofula, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.

~Strontium Lactate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

White, granular powd.; slightly bitter taste.--SOL. in alcohol, 4 parts water.--Anthelmintic, Antinephritic, Tonic.--USES: Nephritis, worms, rheumatism, gout, and chorea. Decreases albumin in urine, without diuresis.--~Dose:~ 10--20 grn.; for worms, 30 grn. twice daily for 5 days.

~Strontium Salicylate Merck.--Cryst.~

SOL. in about 20 parts water, in alcohol.--Antirheumatic, Tonic.--USES: Rheumatism, gout, chorea, muscular pains, and pleurisy. ~Dose:~ 10--40 grn.

~Strophanthin Merck.--C.P.~

White powd.; very bitter taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Heart Tonic, _not_ Diuretic.--USES: Similar to digitalin.--~Dose:~ 1/200--1/60 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, muscarine, atropine, camphor, picrotoxin.

Strophantus--U.S.P.

Cardiac Tonic, like digitalis.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (D., 3--10 min.).

~Strychnine (Alkaloid) Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 7 parts chloroform, 110 parts alcohol, 6700 parts water.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/20 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Stomach pump, tannin, emetics, charcoal, paraldehyde, urethane, potassium bromide, chloroform, chloral hydrate, artificial respiration, etc.

~Strychnine Arsenate Merck.~

White powd.; very bitter taste.--SOL. in about 15 parts water.--Alterative, Antitubercular.--USES: Tuberculosis, skin diseases, malarial affections, etc.; usually hypodermically, 0.5% in liq. paraffin; of this 4--10 [min.] may be injected daily.--~Dose:~ 1/64--1/16 grn.

~Strychnine Arsenite Merck.~

White powd.--SOL. slightly in water.--USES, DOSES, ETC., as of the Arsenate.

~Strychnine Hypophosphite Merck.~

White cryst. powd.--SOL. in water.--USES: Tubercular affections, scrofula, and wasting diseases generally.--~Dose:~ 1/32--1/12 grn.

~Strychnine Nitrate Merck.~

Groups of silky needles.--SOL. in 50 parts water, 60 parts alcohol.--USES, DOSES, ETC.: About as the Alkaloid. Most frequently used in _dipsomania_.

~Strychnine Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 50 parts water, 109 parts alcohol. USES, DOSES, ETC., same as of the Alkaloid.

~Stypticin.~

COTARNINE HYDROCHLORATE, _Merck_.--Yellow cryst.--SOL. in water.--Hemostatic, Uterine Sedative.--USES: Uterine hemorrhage, dysmenorrhea, fibroids, subinvolution, climacteric disorders, etc.--~Dose:~ 2--5 grn. 4 t. daily, in pearls.--INJECTION (urgent cases): 2--3 grn., in 10% solut.

~Sulfonal.~

DIETHYLSULPHONE-DIMETHYL-METHANE.--Colorl., tastel, cryst.--SOL. 500 parts in water; 135 ether; 110 dil. alcohol.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--~Dose:~ 15--45 grn., in powd.

~Sulphur Merck.--Precipitated.~

LAC SULPHURIS; MILK OF SULPHUR.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 drams.

Sulphur, Sublimed--U.S.P.

FLOWERS OF SULPHUR.--Intended for external use only.

Sulphur, Washed--U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 1--3 drs.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (30 per cent.).--Enters into Comp. Liquorice Powd.

~Sulphur Iodide Merck.~

80% iodine.--Grayish-black masses.--SOL. in 60 parts glycerin.--Antiseptic, Alterative.--USES: _Intern._, scrofula, and chronic skin diseases; _extern._, in 5--10% oint., for eczema, psoriasis, prurigo, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--4 grn.

Sumbul--U.S.P.

MUSK ROOT.--Antispasmodic, Sedative.--_Preparation:_ Tr. (D., 15--60 min.).

~Svapnia.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Purified opium; 10% morphine; contains the anodyne and soporific alkaloids codeine and morphine, but excludes the convulsive alkaloids thebaine, narcotine, and papaverine.--~Dose:~ Same as of opium.")

Syrup, Hydriodic Acid--U.S.P.

1 per cent. absol. HI.--Alterative.--~Dose:~ 30--60 min.

Syrup, Hypophosphites--U.S.P.

Ea. fl. dr. contains 2-1/2 grn. calc. hypophos., 1 grn. ea. of pot. and sod. hypophos.--Alterative, Tonic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drams.

~Syrup, Hypophosphites, Fellows'.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Contains hypophosphites of potash, lime, iron, manganese; phosphorus, quinine, strychnine.--Alterative, Reconstructive.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs., 3 t. daily, in wineglassful water.")

~Syrup, Hypophosphites, McArthur's.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Contains chemically pure hypophosphites of lime and soda; prepared acc. to formula of Dr. Churchill, Paris.--Alterative, Reconstructive.--~Dose:~ 2--4 fl. drs., in water, after meals.")

Syrup, Hypophosphites, with Iron--U.S.P.

Ea. fl. dr. contains 2-1/2 grn. calc. hypophos., 1 grn. ea, of pot. and sod. hypophos., 3/4 grn. iron lactate.--Alterative, Hematinic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drams.

Syrup, Iron Iodide--U.S.P.

10 per cent. ferrous iodide.--Alterative, Hematinic.--~Dose:~ 15--30 min.

Syrup, Iron, Quinine, and Strychnine Phosphates--U.S.P.

EASTON'S SYRUP.--Ea. fl. dr. contains 1 grn. ferric phosph., 1-3/4 grn. quinine, one-ninetieth grn. strychnine.--Nervine, Hematinic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs.

Syrup, Lime--U.S.P.

Antacid, Antidote to Carbolic Acid.--~Dose:~ 30--60 min.

~Taka-Diastase.~

(Diastase Takamine.)--Brownish powd.; alm. tastel.--SOL. in water; insol. in alcohol.--Starch-digestant (1 part stated to convert over 100 parts dry starch).--USED in amylaceous dyspepsia.--~Dose:~ 1--5 grn.

~Tannalbin.~

TANNIN ALBUMINATE, EXSICCATED, _Knoll_.--Light-brown, odorl., tastel. powd.; contains 50% tannin.--SOL. in alkaline, insol. in acid fluids.--Intestinal Astringent and Antidiarrheal. Not acted upon in stomach, but slowly and equably decomposed in the intestines; thus causing no gastric disturbance, while gently yet firmly astringent on entire intestinal mucosa. Innocuous, and without by- or after-effects.--~Dose:~ 45--150 grn. daily, in 15--30 grn. portions. In urgent acute cases repetition in 2- or even 1-hourly intervals has proved useful for promptly creating the first impression, the frequency being decreased with the improvement. The dose for _nurslings_ is 5--8 grn.; for _children_, up to 15 grn.--["Merck's Digest" on "TANNALBIN" contains clinical reports and detailed information.]

~Tannigen.~

ACETYL-TANNIN.--Gray, slightly hygrosc. powd.; alm. odorl. and tastel.--SOL. in alkaline fluids, alcohol; insol. in water.--Intestinal Astringent. ~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Tannin,~--see ACID, TANNIC.

~Tannoform.~

TANNIN-FORMALDEHYDE, _Merck_.--Loose, reddish powd.--SOL. in alkaline liqs.; insol. in water.--SICCATIVE ANTISEPTIC and DEODORANT.--USES: Hyperidrosis, bromidrosis, ozena, etc.--APPLIED pure or in 25--50% triturations.--[Further information in "Merck's Digest" on "TANNOFORM," containing clinical reports.]

~Tannopine.~

HEXAMETHYLENE-TETRAMINE-TANNIN.--Brown, sl. hygrosc. powd.; 87% tannin.--SOL. in dil. alkalies; insol. in water, alcohol, or dil. acids.--Intestinal Astringent.--~Dose:~ 15 grn., several t. a day; children 3--8 grn.

Tar--U.S.P.

_Preparations:_ Oint. (50 per cent.); Syr. (D., 1--4 drams).

Taraxacum--U.S.P.

DANDELION.--Bitter Tonic, Hepatic Stimulant.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 10--30 grn.); F.E. (D., 1--2 drams).

~Tartar Emetic,~--see ANTIMONY AND POTASSIUM TARTRATE.

~Tartar, Soluble,~--see POTASSIUM TARTRATE.

~Terebene Merck.~

Colorl. or slightly yellowish liq.; resinifies when exposed to the light; thyme-like odor.--SOL. in alcohol, ether; slightly in water.--Expectorant, Antiseptic, Antifermentative.--USES: _Intern._, in chronic bronchitis, flatulent dyspepsia, genito-urinary diseases, emphysema, phthisis, bronchitis, dyspnea, etc.; _extern._, uterine cancer, gangrenous wounds, skin diseases, etc. In phthisical affections it is given by inhalation (about 2 oz. per week).--~Dose:~ 4--20 [min.], with syrup or on a lump of sugar.

~Terpin Hydrate Merck.--U.S.P.~

Colorl., lustrous prisms; slightly bitter taste.--SOL. in 10 parts alcohol, 100 parts ether; 200 parts chloroform, 250 parts water.--Expectorant, Antiseptic, Diuretic, Diaphoretic.--USES: Bronchial affections, whooping-cough, throat affections, tuberculosis, genito-urinary diseases, etc.--~Dose:~ _Expectorant_, 3--6 grn.; _diuretic_, 10--15 grn.; several t. daily.

~Terpinol Merck.~

Oily liq., hyacinthine odor.--SOL. in alcohol, ether.--Bronchial Stimulant, Antiseptic, Diuretic.--USES: To diminish expectoration and lessen odor in phthisis; also for tracheal and bronchial catarrhs.--~Dose:~ 8--15 [min.].

~Testaden.~

STANDARDIZED DRIED EXTRACT TESTICULAR SUBSTANCE, _Knoll_.--1 part represents 2 parts fresh gland.--Powd.--USES: Spinal and nervous diseases, impotence, etc.--~Dose:~ 30 grn., 3 or 4 t. daily.

~Tetraethyl-ammonium Hydroxide Merck.--10% Solut.~

Alkaline, bitter, caustic liq.--Solvent of Uric acid.--USES: Rheumatism, gout, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--20 [min.] 3 t. daily, well diluted.--CAUTION: Keep well-stoppered!

~Thalline Sulphate Merck.~--(_Not Thallium!_)

Yellowish needles, or cryst. powd.; cumarin-like odor; acid-saline-bitterish, aromatic taste; turns brown on exposure.--SOL. in 7 parts water, 100 parts alcohol.--Antiseptic, Antipyretic.--USES: _Intern._, typhoid fever, malarial fever, etc.; _extern._, 1--2% injection for gonorrhea; in chronic gonorrhea a 5% solut. in oil is best.--~Dose:~ 3--8 grn.--MAX. D.: 10 grn. single, 30 grn. daily.

~Thalline Tartrate Merck.~--(_Not Thallium!_)

Cryst., or cryst. powd.--SOL. in 10 parts water, 300 parts alcohol.--USES, DOSES, ETC., as the Sulphate.

~Thallium Acetate Merck.~--(_Not Thalline!_)

White, deliquescent cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--USES: Recently recommended in phthisical night-sweats.--~Dose:~ 1-1/2--3 grn., at bedtime.

~Theine,~--see CAFFEINE.

~Theobromine Merck.--C.P.~

White powd.; bitter taste.--SOL. in ether; insol. in water or chloroform.--Diuretic, Nerve-stimulant.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Theobromine Salicylate Merck.--True Salt.~

Small, white, acid, permanent needles; not decomposable by water.--SOL. slightly in water.--USES: Powerful Diuretic and Genito-urinary Antiseptic; similar in action to diuretin, but perfectly stable.--~Dose:~ 15 grn., several t. daily, in wafers, or in powd. with saccharin.

~Theobromine and Lithium Benzoate,~--see UROPHERIN B.

~Theobromine and Lithium Salicylate,~--see UROPHERIN S.

~Theobromine and Sodium Salicylate Merck.~

DIURETIN.--White, fine powd., odorl.; containing 49.7% theobromine, 38.1% salicylic acid; decomposes on exposure.--Diuretic.--USES: Heart disease; nephritis, especially of scarlet fever.--~Dose:~ 15 grn., 5--6 t. daily, in powd., or capsules, followed by water.

~Thermodin.~

ACETYL-PARAETHOXY-PHENYLURETHANE, _Merck_.--Colorl., odorl. cryst.--SOL. slightly in water.--Antipyretic, Analgesic.--USES: Typhoid, pneumonia, influenza, tuberculosis, etc. Temperature reduction begins in 1 hour after taking and reaches its lowest in four hours.--~Dose:~ _Antipyretic_, 5--10 grn.; _anodyne_, 15--20 grn.

~Thiocol.~

POTASSIUM GUAIACOLSULPHONATE, _Roche_.--White, odorl. powd., of faint bitter, then sweet, taste; 60% guaiacol.--SOL. freely in water.--ANTITUBERCULAR and ANTICATARRHAL; reported non-irritating to mucosæ of digestive tract, readily assimilated, uniformly well borne even by the most sensitive, and perfectly innocuous.--USES: Phthisis, chronic coughs and catarrhs, scrofulous disorders, etc.--~Dose:~ 8 grn., gradually increased to 30 or 40 grn., 3 t. daily; preferably in solut. with orange syrup.

~Thiosinamine Merck.~

ALLYL SULPHO-CARBAMIDE.--Colorl. cryst.; faint garlic odor; bitter taste.--SOL. in water, alcohol, or ether.--Discutient, Antiseptic.--USES: _Extern._, lupus, chronic glandular tumors; and for removing scar tissue. Possesses the power of softening cicatricial tissue, also tumors of the uterine appendages.--~Dose:~ 1/2 grn., grad. increased to 1-1/2 grn., twice daily, in diluted alcohol; _hypodermically_, 2--8 grn. in glycerino-aqueous solut., once every 3 or 4 days.

~Thymol Merck.--U.S.P.--Cryst.~

THYMIC ACID.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform; 1200 parts water.--USES: _Intern._, rheumatism, gout, chyluria, worms, gastric fermentation, etc.; _extern._, inhaled in bronchitis, coughs, coryza, etc.; for toothache and mouth-wash, and for wounds, ulcers, and skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1--10 grn.

~Thyraden.~

STANDARDIZED DRIED EXTRACT THYROID GLAND, _Knoll_.--1 part represents 2 parts fresh gland. Light-brownish, sweet, permanent powd., free from ptomaines.--Alterative.--USES: Diseases referable to disturbed function of the thyroid gland (myxedema, cretinism, struma, certain skin diseases, etc.).--~Dose:~ 15--25 grn. daily, gradually increased if necessary; children, 1/4--1/2 as much.

~Tincture, Aconite, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 1--3 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, stimulants, strychnine, or digitalis.--CAUTION: Tincture Aconite, U.S.P., is 3-1/2 times as powerful as that of the German Pharmacopoeia.

~Tincture, Adonis Æstivalis, Merck.~

Antifat.--~Dose:~ 10--30 [min.], after meals, in lithia water.--CAUTION: Do not confound with Tincture Adonis Vernalis!

~Tincture, Adonis Vernalis, Merck.~

Cardiac Stimulant, Diuretic; said to act more promptly than digitalis.--~Dose:~ 3--20 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, tannin, brandy, ammonia, opium.--CAUTION: Do not confound with Tincture Adonis Æstivalis!

~Tincture, Arnica Flowers, Merck.--U.S.P.~

Antiseptic, Antipyretic.--USES:--_Intern._, to check fever; _extern._, chiefly in bruises and other injuries.--~Dose:~ 10--30 [min.].

~Tincture, Bursa Pastoris, Merck.~

TINCTURE SHEPHERD'S PURSE.--USES: Chiefly in vesical calculus.--~Dose:~ 30 [min.] three t. daily.

~Tincture, Cactus Grandiflorus, Merck.~

Heart-tonic; claimed free from cumulative action.--~Dose:~ 15 [min.], every 4 hours.--MAX. D.: 30 [min.].

~Tincture, Hydrastis, Merck.--U.S.P.~

Hemostatic, Astringent, Alterative.--USES: Uterine hemorrhages, chronic catarrh, hemorrhoids, leucorrhea, gonorrhea, etc.--~Dose:~ 30--60 [min.].

~Tincture, Hyoscyamus, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 10--60 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Animal charcoal followed by emetic; opium; pilocarpine hypodermically, artificial respiration, brandy, ammonia, etc.

~Tincture, Iron Chloride.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--20 [min.]., diluted.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alkalies, alkali benzoates and carbonates, antipyrine, most vegetable infusions and tinctures, mucilage acacia, etc.

~Tincture, Nerium Oleander, from leaves, Merck.~

Succedaneum for Digitalis.--~Dose:~ 20 [min.], three t. daily.

~Tincture, Nux Vomica, Merck.--U.S.P.~

Assayed.--Containing 0.3 gramme of combined alkaloids of nux vomica in 100 cubic centimetres.--Tonic, Stimulant.--USES: Atonic indigestion; stimulant to nervous system; in chronic bronchitis, adynamic pneumonia; in poisoning by opium, chloral, or other narcotics; in all affections with impaired muscular nutrition; anemia, etc.--~Dose:~ 5--15 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach pump, tannin, potassium iodide, chloroform, amyl nitrite, opium, absolute repose, etc.

~Tincture, Pulsatilla, Merck.~

Antispasmodic, Sedative, Anodyne.--USES: _Intern._, asthma, whooping-cough, spasmodic dysmenorrhea, orchitis, etc.; _extern._, leucorrhea (1:10 water).--~Dose:~ 3--20 [min.].

~Tincture, Rhus Toxicodendron, Merck.~

USES: Chronic rheumatism, incontinence of urine, skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 15 [min.].

~Tincture, Simulo, Merck.~

Nervine, Antiepileptic.--USES: Hysteria, nervousness, and epilepsy.--~Dose:~ 30--60 [min.], two or three t. daily, in sweet wine.

~Tincture, Stramonium Seed, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 5--10 [min.]. ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, animal charcoal, tannin, opium; pilocarpine hypodermically.

~Tincture, Strophanthus, Merck.--U.S.P.--1:20.~

~Dose:~ 3--10 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, cathartics, tannin, opium, coffee, brandy, etc.

~Tincture, Veratrum Viride, Merck.--U.S.P.~

~Dose:~ 1--5 [min.].--ANTIDOTES: Emetics, stomach siphon, tannic acid, stimulants, external heat, stimulation by mustard or friction.

~Toluene Merck.~

TOLUOL.--Colorl., refractive liq.; benzene-like odor.--SOL.: Alcohol, ether, chloroform; slightly in water.--USES: _Topically_, in diphtheria, as "Loeffler's Solution" = Toluene 18 cubic centimetres, Solut. Iron Chloride 2 cubic centimetres, Menthol 5 grammes, Alcohol 30 cubic centimetres.

~Tongaline.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Each fluid dram represents 30 grn. tonga, 2 grn. ext. cimicifuga, 10 grn. sod. salicylate, 1/10 grn. pilocarpine salicylate, 1/500 grn. colchicine.--Antirheumatic, Diaphoretic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 fl. drs.")

~Traumaticin Merck.~

10% solut. gutta-percha in chloroform.--Thick, viscid, dark-brown liq.--USES: _Extern._, in dentistry and surgery, as a protective covering for bleeding surfaces, cuts, etc.; also as a vehicle for application of chrysarobin or other antiseptics, in skin diseases.

~Tribromphenol Merck.~

BROMOL.--White cryst.; disagreeable, bromine odor; sweet, astring. taste.--SOL. in alcohol, ether, chloroform, glycerin, oils; insol. in water.--External and Internal Antiseptic.--USES: _Intern._, cholera infantum, typhoid fever, etc.; _extern._, purulent wounds, diphtheria, etc.--~Dose:~ 3--8 grn. daily.--EXTERN. in 1:30 oily solut., or 1:8 oint.; in diphtheria, 4% solut. in glycerin.

~Trimethylamine Solution, Medicinal,~--see SOLUTION, TRIMETHYLAMINE.

~Trional.~

Colorl., odorl. plates; peculiar taste.--SOL. in 320 parts water; also in alcohol or ether.--Hypnotic, Sedative.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn.--MAX. DOSE: 45 grn.

~Triphenin.~

PROPIONYL-PHENETIDIN, _Merck._--Colorl. cryst.--SOL. in 2000 parts water.--Antipyretic and Antineuralgic, like Phenacetin; prompt, and without by- or after-effect.--~Dose:~ _Antipyretic_, 4--10 grn.; _antineuralgic_, 15--20 grn.--[Further information in "Merck's Digest" on "TRIPHENIN", containing clinical reports.]

Triticum--U.S.P.

COUCH-GRASS.--Demulcent, Diuretic.--~Dose:~ 1--4 drams, in F.E. (1:1) or infus. (1:20).

~Tritipalm.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Comp. Fld. Ext. Saw Palmetto and Triticum. Ea. fl. dr. represents 30 grn. fresh saw palmetto berries and 60 grn. triticum.--Genito-urinary Tonic.--~Dose:~ 1 fl. dr., 4 t. daily.")

~Tropacocaine Hydrochlorate Merck.~

BENZOYL-PSEUDOTROPEINE HYDROCHLORATE.--Colorl. cryst.--SOL. in water.--Succedaneum for Cocaine. According to Drs. Vamossy, Chadbourne, and others, tropacocaine is not half as toxic as cocaine. Anesthesia from it sets in more rapidly and lasts longer than with cocaine. It causes much less hyperemia than does cocaine. Mydriasis does not always occur, and when it does, is much less than with cocaine. The activity of its solution is retained for two to three months. Tropacocaine may replace cocaine in every case as an anesthetic.--APPLIED in 3% solut., usually in 0.6% sodium-chloride solut.--[Further information in "Merck's Digest" on "TROPACOCAINE", containing clinical reports.]

~Turpentine, Chian, Merck.~

Thick, tenacious, greenish-yellow liq.; peculiar, penetrating odor.--Antiseptic.--USES: _Extern._, cancerous growths.

Turpentine, Canada--U.S.P.

BALSAM OF FIR.--Used chiefly extern.--~Dose:~ 5--30 grn., in pill.

~Unguentine.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Alum ointment, with 2% carbolic acid, 5% ichthyol.--Antiseptic, Astringent, Antiphlogistic.--USES: Burns and other inflam. diseases of skin.")

~Uranium Nitrate Merck.--C.P.~

Yellow cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol, ether.--USES: Diabetes.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn., gradually increasing to 15 grn., two or three t. daily.

~Urea Merck.--Pure.~

CARBAMIDE.--White cryst.--SOL. in water, alcohol.--Diuretic.--USES: Cirrhosis of liver, pleurisy, renal calculus, etc.--~Dose:~ 150--300 grn. a day, in hourly instalments, in water.

~Urethane Merck.--C.P.~

ETHYL URETHANE.--Colorl. cryst.; faint, peculiar odor; saltpeter-like taste.--SOL. in 0.6 part alcohol, 1 part water, 1 part ether, 1.5 part chloroform, 3 parts glycerin, 20 parts olive oil.--Hypnotic, Antispasmodic, Sedative.--USES: Insomnia, eclampsia, nervous excitement, tetanus; and as antidote in strychnine, resorcin, or picrotoxin poisoning. Does not interfere with circulation; no unpleasant after-effects. In eclampsia it should be given per enema.--~Dose:~ _Sedative_, 10--20 grn., 1--4 t. daily: _hypnotic_, 30--45 grn., in 3 portions at 1/2--1 hour intervals, in 10% solut.--MAX. D.: 80 grn.--INCOMPATIBLES: Alkalies, acids.

~Uricedin.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Uniform combination of sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodium citrate, and lithium citrate.--Wh. granules.--SOL. freely in water.--Antilithic.--~Dose:~ 15--30 grn., in hot water, 3 t. daily.")

~Uropherin B.~

THEOBROMINE AND LITHIUM BENZOATE, _Merck._--50% theobromine.--White powd.; decomposes on exposure.--Diuretic; works well with digitalin.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn., in powd. or capsules, followed by water.--MAX. D.: 60 grn. daily.

~Uropherin S.~

THEOBROMINE AND LITHIUM SALICYLATE, _Merck._--White powd.--USES, DOSE, ETC., as Uropherin B.

~Urotropin,~--see FORMIN.

Uva Ursi--U.S.P.

BEARBERRY.--Tonic, Diuretic, Antilithic.--~Dose:~ 1--2 drams.--_Preparations:_ Ext. (D., 5--15 grn.); F.E. (1:1).

Valerian-U.S.P.

~Dose:~ 10--30 grn.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (1:1): Tr. (1:5); Ammon. Tr. (1:5 arom. spt ammonia).

~Validol.~

MENTHOL VALERIANATE.--Colorl., syrupy liq.; mild, pleasant odor; cooling, faintly bitter taste.--Nerve Sedative, Carminative.--USES: Hysteria, epilepsy; flatulence, dyspepsia, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--20 drops, on sugar.

~Vasogen.~

OXYGENATED PETROLATUM.--Faintly alkaline, yellowish-brown, syrupy mass, yielding emulsions with water and rendering such active medicaments as creolin, creosote, ichthyol, iodine, pyoktanin, etc., readily absorbable through the skin. Used combined with these, externally as well as internally. _Iodine Vasogen_ (80 grn. daily) recommended by inunction in syphilis and glandular swellings, and internally in arterial sclerosis (4--6 grn. twice daily). _Iodoform Vasogen_ used in tuberculous processes.

~Veratrine Merck.--U.S.P.~

White powd.; causes violent sneezing when inhaled; exceedingly irritating to mucous membranes.--SOL. in 2 parts chloroform, 3 parts alcohol, 6 parts ether; slightly in water.--USES: _Intern._, gout, rheumatism, neuralgia, scrofula, epilepsy; _extern._, stiff joints, sprains, and chronic swellings.--~Dose:~ 1/60--1/30 grn.--MAX. D.: 3/4 grn.--EXTERN.: 1--4% in oint.--_Preparations:_ Oleate (2%); Oint. (4%).--ANTIDOTES: Tannic acid, emetics, powdered charcoal, stomach pump, stimulants; morphine with atropine hypodermically, heat, recumbent position.

Veratrum Viride-U.S.P.

AMERICAN HELLEBORE.--Cardiac Depressant, Diaphoretic, Diuretic.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 1--4 min.); Tr. (D. 3--10 min.).--See also, Veratrine.

Viburnum Opulus--U.S.P.

CRAMP BARK.--Antispasmodic, Sedative--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 30--60 min.).

Viburnum Prunifolium.

BLACK HAW.--Astringent, Nervine, Oxytocic.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.).

~Vitogen.~

Not completely defined.--(Stated: "Definite, stable compound.--Whitish, odorl., insol. powd.--Surgical Antiseptic, Deodorant.--USED only _extern._, pure.")

~Water, Bitter-Almond, Merck.--U.S.P.~

0.1% hydrocyanic acid.--USES: Chiefly as vehicle.--~Dose:~ 10--20 [min.].

~Water, Cherry-Laurel, Merck.~

0.1% hydrocyanic acid.--Turbid liq.--Anodyne, Sedative, Antispasmodic.--USES: Chiefly as vehicle; also in whooping-cough, asthmatic affections, dyspnea, etc.--~Dose:~ 10--20 [min.].

White Oak--U.S.P.

Astringent.--~Dose:~ 30--60 grn., as fl. ext. or decoct.

~White Precipitate,~--see MERCURY-AMMONIUM CHLORIDE.

Wild-Cherry Bark--U.S.P.

Astringent, Tonic, Sedative.--_Preparations:_ F.E. (D., 20--60 min.); Infus. (D., 1--4 oz.); Syr. (D., 1--4 drams).

Xanthoxylum--U.S.P.

PRICKLY ASH.--Diaphoretic, Alterative, Counterirritant.--_Preparation:_ F.E. (D., 15--60 min.).

~Xeroform.~

TRIBROM-PHENOL-BISMUTH.--Yellow-green, alm. odorl. and tastel., insol. powd.; 50% tribromphenol.--Surgical and Intest. Antiseptic.--USES: _Extern._, infected wounds, buboes, etc.; _intern._, diarrheas of various kinds.--EXTERN. like iodoform.--~Dose:~ 5--15 grn.

~Zinc Acetate Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 3 parts water, 36 parts alcohol.--Astringent, Antiseptic, Nervine.--USES: Chiefly _extern._, collyrium in ophthalmia, injection in urethritis, and gargle in sore mouth or sore throat.--APPLIED: Eye-wash, 1--2 parts to 1000 water; gargle, 5--10 parts to 1000 water; injection, 2--5 parts to 1000 water.--~Dose:~ 1/2--2 grn.

~Zinc Bromide Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in water, alcohol, ether, ammonia.--USES: Epilepsy, in very diluted solut.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn.--MAX. D.: 10 grn. daily.

~Zinc Carbonate Merck.--U.S.P.~

USES: Wounds, ulcers, skin diseases, etc.; also face powd.--APPLIED pure or 20% oint. or powd.

~Zinc Chloride Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in 0.3 part water; in alcohol, ether.--~Dose:~ 1/10--1/3 grn.--EXTERN.: Gonorrhea, 1:1000 solut.; wounds. 1:100--500; eyes, 1:1000, tuberculous joints, 1:10.--_Preparation:_ Solut. (50%).--ANTIDOTES: Alkali carbonates, followed by water or milk; albumen, anodynes, stimulants, tea, etc.

~Zinc Cyanide Merck.--Pure.~

White, cryst. powd.--Alterative, Antiseptic, Anthelmintic.--USES: Chorea, rheumatism, neuralgia, dysmenorrhea, colic, gastralgia, cardiac palpitation. Small doses at first and gradually increased.--~Dose:~ 1/10--1/4 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Stomach siphon, ammonia, mixture of ferrous and ferric sulphates, chlorine inhalation, cold douche, etc.

~Zinc Ferro-cyanide Merck.~

White powd.--Alterative, Antiseptic.--USES: Dysmenorrhea, rheumatism, chorea, gastralgia, etc.--~Dose:~ 1/2--4 grn.

~Zinc Hypophosphite Merck.~

SOL. in water.--Antiseptic, Astringent, Antispasmodic.--USES: Gastric and intestinal catarrh, chorea, whooping-cough, epilepsy, skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1-1/2 grn.

~Zinc Iodide Merck.--U.S.P.~

SOL. in water, alcohol, and ether.--~Dose:~ 1--2 grn.

~Zinc Lactate Merck.~

White cryst.--SOL. in 60 parts water.--Antiepileptic.--~Dose:~ 1/2--1 grn., gradually increased.--MAX. D.: 10 grn. daily.

~Zinc Oxide Merck.--U.S.P.~

EXTERN: in 5--20% oint. or powd.--USES: _Intern._, chorea, epilepsy, chronic diarrhea, etc.; _extern._, wounds, skin diseases, etc.--~Dose~: 1--5 grn.--_Preparation:_ Oint. (20%).

~Zinc Permanganate Merck.--C.P.~

Violet-brown, or almost black, hygroscopic cryst.--SOL. in water.--Antiseptic, non-irritating Antigonorrhoic.--USES: 1:4000 solut. as injection in gonorrhea; and 1 or 2:1000 as eye-wash in conjunctivitis.--INCOMPATIBLES: All easily oxidizable or combustible substances. Explodes when compounded directly with alcohol, glycerin, sugar, dry or fluid vegetable extracts.

~Zinc Phosphide Merck.--U.S.P.~

INSOL. in the usual solvents.--USES: Sexual exhaustion, cerebral affections, melancholia, and chronic skin diseases.--~Dose:~ 1/20--1/4 grn., in pill.

~Zinc Stearate Merck.~

White, agglutinating powd.; turns darker on exposure.--INSOL. in water.--Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: Gonorrhea, atrophic rhinitis, etc.--APPLIED in substance, or combined with iodole, iodoformogen, etc.

~Zinc Sulphate Merck.--U.S.P.--C.P.~

WHITE VITRIOL; ZINC VITRIOL.--SOL. in 0.6 part water, 3 parts glycerin.--~Dose:~ 1/4--1/2 grn.; _emetic_, 10--30 grn.--ANTIDOTES: Alkali carbonates, tannic acid, albumen, demulcents.

~Zinc Sulphocarbolate Merck.~

Colorl. cryst.--SOL. in 2 parts water; 5 parts alcohol.--Antiseptic, Astringent.--USES: _Extern._, gonorrhea, foul ulcers, etc.; _intern._, typhoid, fermentative diarrhea, etc.--EXTERN. in 1/2--1% solut.--~Dose:~ 2--4 grn.

~Zinc Valerianate Merck.--U.S.P.~

Decomposes on exposure.--SOL. in 40 parts alcohol, 100 parts water.--USES: Diabetes insipidus, nervous affections, neuralgia, etc.--~Dose:~ 1--3 grn.--MAX. D.: 5 grn.