Category: Biographies

Memoir, Correspondence, and Miscellanies, From the Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 2

In your letter of October the 29th, you desired me to send you one of the new lamps. I tried at every probable place in Paris, and could not get a tolerable one. I have been glad of it since I came here, as I find them much better made here. I now deliver one, with this letter...

Chapters

58. LETTER LVII.--TO M. GUIDE, May 6, 1787

A desire of seeing a commerce commenced between the dominions of his Majesty, the King of Sardinia, and the United States of America, and a direct exchange of their respective p...

171. LETTER CLXX.--TO JOHN JAY, November 19, 1788

Since my letter of September the 5th, wherein I acknowledged Mr. Remsen’s favor of July the 25th, I have written those of September the 24th, and of the 14th instant. This last...

28. LETTER XXVIII.--TO MRS. COSWAY, October 12, 1786

Having performed the last sad office of handing you into your carriage, at the pavillion de St. Denis, and seen the wheels get actually into motion, I turned on my heel and walk...

168. LETTER CLXVII.--TO JOHN JAY, November 14, 1788

In my letter of December the 21st, 1787, I had the honor of acknowledging the receipts of your two favors of July the 27th, 1787, which had come to my hands December the 19th, a...

75. LETTER LXXIV.--TO WILLIAM DRAYTON, July 30, 1787

Having observed that the consumption of rice in this country, and particularly in this capital, was very great, I thought it my duty to inform myself from what markets they draw...

57. LETTER LVI.--TO JOHN JAY, May 4, 1787

I had the honor of receiving at Aix, your letter of February the 9th, and immediately wrote to the Count de Montmorin, explaining the delay of the answer of Congress to the King...

172. LETTER CLXXI.--TO JOHN JAY, November 29, 1788

In the hurry of making up my letter of the 19th instant, I omitted the enclosed printed paper, on the subject of whale-oil. That omission is now supplied by another conveyance,...

82. LETTER LXXXI.--TO JOHN JAY, August 6,1787

The last letter I had the honor of addressing you was dated June the 21st. I have now that of enclosing you a letter from the Swedish ambassador, praying that inquiry may be mad...

205. LETTER CCVI.--TO JOHN JAY, June 17, 1789

I had the honor of addressing you on the 9th and 12th of May, by the way of London. This goes through the same channel to the care of Mr. Trumbull. Having received no letter fro...

191. LETTER CXCI.--TO JAMES MADISON, March 15, 1789

I wrote you last on the 12th of January; since which I have received yours of October the 17th, December the 8th and 12th. That of October the 17th came to hand only February th...

45. LETTER XLIV--TO JAMES MADISON, January 30, 1787

[* The latter part of this letter is in cipher; but appended to the copy preserved, are explanatory notes, which have enabled us to publish it entire, except a few words, to whi...

111. LETTER CX.--TO JOHN JAY, November 3, 1787

My last letters to you were of the 8th and 27th of October. In the former? I mentioned to you the declaration of this country, that they would interpose with force, if the Pruss...

30. LETTER XXX.--M. LE ROY DE L’ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES, November 13, 1786

I received the honor of yours of September the 18th, a day or two after the accident of a dislocated wrist had disabled me from writing. I have waited thus long in constant hope...

118. LETTER CXVII.--TO JAMES MADISON, December 20, 1787

My last to you was of October the 8th, by the Count de Moustier. Yours of July the 18th, September the 6th, and October the 24th, were successively received, yesterday, the day...

137. LETTER CXXXVI.--TO JOHN JAY, May 23,1788

When I wrote my letter of the 4th instant, I had no reason to doubt that a packet would have sailed on the 10th, according to the established order. The passengers had all, exce...

177. LETTER CLXXVII.--TO JOHN JAY, January 11, 1789

All military operations in Europe seem to have been stopped, by the excessive severity of the weather. In this country, it is unparalleled in so early a part of the winter, and...

144. LETTER CXLIII.--TO THE COUNT DE MONTMORIN, June 20, 1788

Having had the honor of mentioning to your Excellency the wish of Congress, that certain changes should be made in the articles for a consular convention, which had been sent to...

133. LETTER CXXXII.--TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, May 2, 1788

I am honored with your Excellency’s letter by the last packet, and thank you for the information it contains on the communication between the Cayahoga and Big Beaver. I have eve...

15. LETTER XV.--TO COLONEL MONROE, May 10,1786

My last to you was of January the 27th. Since that, I have received yours of January the 19th. Information from other quarters gives me reason to suspect you have in negotiation...

67. LETTER LXVI.--TO M. L’ABBE MORELLET, July 2, 1787

I am sorry, my Dear Sir, that your interest should be affected by the ill behavior of Barrois. But when you consider the facts, you will be sensible that I could not have indulg...

150. LETTER CXLIX.--TO JOHN JAY, August 3, 1788

My last letters to you were of the 4th and 23d of May, with a Postscript of the 27th. Since that, I have been honored with yours of April the 24th, May the 16th, and June the 9th.

71. LETTER LXX.--TO THE COUNT DE MONTMORIN, July 23, 1787

I had the honor, a few days ago, of putting into the hands of your Excellency, some observations on the other articles of American produce, brought into the ports of this countr...

85. LETTER LXXXIV.--TO PETER CARR, August 10, 1787

I have received your two letters of December the 30th and April the 18th, and am very happy to find by them, as well as by letters from Mr. Wythe, that you have been so fortunat...

61. LETTER LX.--TO JAMES MADISON, June 20, 1787

I wrote you last on the 30th of January, with a Postscript of February the 5th. Having set out the last day of that month to try the waters of Aix, and been journeying since, ti...

121. LETTER CXX.--TO JOHN JAY, December 31, 1787

Since the receipt of the letter of Monsieur de Calonne, of October the 22nd, 1786, I have several times had the honor of mentioning to you, that I was endeavoring to get the sub...

62. LETTER LXI.--TO JOHN JAY, June 21,1787

I had the honor of addressing you in a letter of May the 4th, from Marseilles, which was to have gone by the last packet. Bat it arrived a few hours too late for that conveyance...

197. LETTER CXCVIII.--TO JOHN JAY, May 9, 1789

Since my letter of March the 1st, by the way of Havre, and those of March the 12th and 15th, by the way of London, no opportunity of writing has occurred, till the present to Lo...

23. LETTER XXIII.--TO COLONEL MONROE, July 9, 1786

I wrote you last on the 10th of May; since which your favor of May the 11th has come to hand. The political world enjoys great quiet here. The King of Prussia is still living, b...

207. LETTER CCVIII.--TO JOHN JAY, June 24,1789

My letter of the 17th and 18th instant gave you the progress of the States General to the 17th, when the _Tiers_ had declared the illegality of all the existing taxes, and their...

93. LETTER XCII.--TO JOHN JAY, September 19, 1787

My last letters to you were of the 6th and 15th of August; since which, I have been honored with yours of July the 24th, acknowledging the receipt of mine of the 14th and 23d of...

198. LETTER CXCIX.--TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, May 10, 1780

I am now to acknowledge, the honor of your two letters of November the 27th and February the 13th, both of which have come to hand since my last to you of December the 4th and 5...

40. LETTER XXXIX.--TO JOHN JAY, January 9, 1787

My last, of December the 31st, acknowledged the receipt of yours of October the 12th, as the present does those of October the 3rd, 9th, and 27th, together with the resolution o...

146. LETTER CXLV.--TO JAMES MADISON, July 19, 1788

My last letter to you was of the 13th of August last. As you seem willing to accept of the crumbs of science on which we are subsisting here, it is with pleasure I continue to h...

149. LETTER CXLVIII.--TO JAMES MADISON, July 31, 1788

My letter to Mr. Jay containing all the public news that is well authenticated, I will not repeat it here, but add some details in the smaller way, which you may be glad to know...

134. LETTER CXXXIII.--TO JAMES MADISON, May 3,1788

Mine of February the 6th acknowledged the receipt of yours of December the 9th and 20th; since that, those of February the 19th and 20th have come to hand. The present will be d...

188. LETTER CLXXXVIII.--TO JOHN JAY, March 12, 1789

I had the honor of addressing you, on the 1st instant, through the post. I write the present, uncertain whether Mr. Nesbitt, the bearer of your last, will be the bearer of this,...

192. LETTER CXIII.--TO COLONEL HUMPHREYS, March 18, 1789

Your favor of November the 29th, 1788, came to hand the last month. How it happened that mine of August, 1787, was fourteen months on its way, is inconceivable. I do not recolle...

130. LETTER CXXIX.--TO JOHN JAY, March 16, 1788

In a letter of the 13th instant, which I had the honor of addressing you from this place, I mentioned in general terms, the object of my journey hither, and that I should enter...

140. LETTER CXXXIX.--TO JOHN JAY, May 27, 1788

The change which is likely to take place in the form of our government, seems to render it proper, that, during the existence of the present government, an article should be men...

116. LETTER CXV.--TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, December 11, 1787

I am later in acknowledging the receipt of your favors of October the 15th, and November the 5th and 15th, because we have been long expecting a packet, which I hoped would brin...

46. LETTER XLV.--TO JOHN JAY, February 1, 1787

My last letters were of the 31st of December and 9th of January; since which last date, I have been honored with yours of December the 13th and 14th. I shall pay immediate atten...

135. LETTER CXXXIV.--TO JOHN JAY, May 4, 1788

I had the honor of addressing you in two letters of the 13th and 16th of March from Amsterdam, and have since received Mr. Ramson’s of February the 20th. I staid at Amsterdam ab...

145. LETTER CXLIV.--TO DOCTOR GORDON, July 16, 1788

In your favor of the 8th instant, you mentioned that you had written to me in February last. This letter never came to hand. That of April the 24th came here during my absence o...

27. LETTER XXVII.--TO MR. WYTHE, August 13,1786

Your favors of January the 10th and February the 10th, came to hand on the 20th and 23rd of May. I availed myself of the first opportunity which occurred, by a gentleman going t...

103. LETTER CII.--TO JOHN JAY, October 8, 1787

I had the honor of writing you on the 19th of September, twice on the 22nd, and again on the 24th. The two first went by the packet, the third by a vessel bound to Philadelphia....

141. LETTER CXL.*--TO JAMES MADISON, May 28, 1788

The enclosed letter for Mr. Jay, being of a private nature. I have thought it better to put it under your cover, lest it might be opened by some of his clerks, in the case of hi...

24. LETTER XXIV.--TO JOHN ADAMS, July 11, 1786

Our instructions relative to the Barbary States having required us to proceed by way of negotiation to obtain their peace, it became our duty to do this to the best of our power...

68. LETTER LXVII.--TO T. M. RANDOLPH, JUNIOR, July 6, 1787

Your favor of April the 14th came here during my absence on a journey through the southern parts of France and northern of Italy, from which I am but lately returned. This cause...

92. LETTER XCI.--TO MR. WYTHE, September 16,1787

I am now to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of December the 13th and 22nd, 1786, and of January, 1787. These should not have been so long unanswered, but that they arrive...

193. LETTER CXCIV.--TO DOCTOR WILLARD, March 24, 1789

I have been lately honored with your letter of September the 24th, 1788, accompanied by a diploma for a Doctorate of Laws, which the University of Harvard has been pleased to co...

169. LETTER CLXVIII.--TO JAMES MADISON, November 18, 1788

My last to you was of the 31st of July; since which, I have received yours of July the 24th, August the 10th, and 23rd. The first part of this long silence in me was occasioned...

91. LETTER XC.--TO JOHN ADAMS, August 30, 1787

Since your favor of July the 10th, mine have been of July the 17th, 23rd, and 28th. The last enclosed a bill of exchange from Mr. Grand, on Tessier, for £46. 17s. 10d. sterling,...

54. LETTER LIII.--TO MADAME LA COMTESSE DE TESSE, March 20, 1787

Here I am, Madam, gazing whole hours at the _Maison Quarrée_, like a lover at his mistress. The stocking-weavers and silk-spinners around it, consider me as a hypochondriac Engl...

206. LETTER CCVII.--TO JAMES MADISON, June 18, 1789

My last to you was of May the 11th. Yours of March the 29th came to hand ten days ago; and about two days ago, I received a cover of your hand-writing, under which were a New Yo...

13. LETTER XIII.--TO JAMES ROSS, May 8, 1786

I have duly received your favor of October the 22nd, and am much gratified by the communications therein made. It has given me details, which do not enter into the views of my o...

139. LETTER CXXXVIII.--TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, May 27, 1788

Your favors of April the 14th and 29th, and May the 8th, have lately come to hand. That of January the 29th, by M. de Moinedo, had been left here during my absence on a journey...

194. LETTER CXCV.--TO J. SARSFIELD, April 3, 1789

I could not name to you the day of my departure from Paris, because I do not know it. I have not yet received my _congé_, though I hope to receive it soon, and to leave this som...

189. LETTER CLXXXIX.--TO F. HOPKINSON, March 13, 1789

Since my last, which was of December the 21st, yours of December the 9th and 21st are received. Accept my thanks for the papers and pamphlets which accompanied them, and mine an...

33. LETTER XXXIII.--TO CHARLES THOMSON, December 17,1780

A dislocation of my right wrist has for three months past disabled me from writing, except with my left hand, which was too slow and awkward to be employed often. I begin to hav...

25. LETTER XXV.--TO JOHN JAY, August 11, 1786

Since the date of my last, which was of July the 8th, I have been honored with the receipt of yours of June the 16th. I am to thank you, on the part of the minister of Geneva, f...

164. LETTER CLXIII.--TO WILLIAM SHORT, September 20, 1788

The evening of your departure, a letter came by the way of London and New York, addressed to you, and probably from Virginia. I think you wished your American letters to remain...

112. LETTER CXI.--TO JOHN JAY, November 3, 1787

I shall take the liberty of confiding sometimes to a private letter, such details of the small history of the court or cabinet, as may be worthy of being known, and yet not prop...

64. LETTER LXIII.--TO JOHN ADAMS, July 1, 1787

I returned about three weeks ago from a very useless voyage; useless, I mean, as to the object which first suggested it, that of trying the effect of the mineral waters of Aix,...

119. LETTER CXVIII.--TO E. CARRINGTON, December 21, 1787

I have just received your two favors of October the 23rd and November the 10th. I am much obliged to you for your hints in the Danish business. They are the only information I h...

18. LETTER XVIII.--TO JOHN JAY, May 23, 1786

Letters received both from Madrid and Algiers, while I was in London, having suggested that treaties with the States of Barbary would be much facilitated by a previous one with...

76. LETTER LXXV.--TO JAMES MADISON, August 2, 1787

My last was of June the 20th. Yours, received since that date, are of May the 15th, and June the 6th. In mine, I acknowledged the receipt of the paccan nuts which came sealed up...

26. LETTER XXVI.--TO COLONEL MONROE, August 11, 1786

I wrote you last on the 9th of July; and since that, have received yours of the 16th of June, with the interesting intelligence it contained. I was entirely in the dark as to th...

31. LETTER XXXI.--TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, November 14, 1786

The house of Le Coulteux, which for some centuries has been the wealthiest of this place, has it in contemplation to establish a great company for the fur trade. They propose th...

7. LETTER VII.--TO JOHN PAGE, May 4, 1786

Your two favors of March the 15th and August the 23, 1785, by Monsieur de la Croix, came to hand on the 15th of November. His return gives me an opportunity of sending you a cop...

180. LETTER CLXXX.--TO MADAME NECKER, January 24, 1789

I have received, Madam, with a great deal of sensibility, the letter of the 22nd instant, with which you were pleased to honor me on the claims of Monsieur Klein against the Uni...

55. LETTER LIV.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, April 11, 1787

Your head, my dear friend, is full of _Notable_ things; and being better employed, therefore, I do not expect letters from you. I am constantly roving about to see what I have n...

94. LETTER XCIII.--TO CHARLES THOMSON, September 20, 1787

Your favor of April the 28th did not come to my hands till the 1st instant. Unfortunately, the boxes of plants, which were a day too late to come by the April packet, missed the...

175. LETTER CLXXV.--TO DOCTOR GILMER, December 16, 1788

Your last letter of December the 23rd was unlucky, like the former one, in arriving while I was absent on a call of public business in Holland. I was discouraged from answering...

176. LETTER CLXXVI.--TO THOMAS PAINE, December 23,1788

It is true that I received very long ago your favors of September the 9th and 15th, and that I have been in daily intention of answering them, fully and confidentially; but you...

174. LETTER CLXXIV.--TO MR. SHORT, December 8, 1788

My last to you was of the 21st of November, addressed to Milan, _poste restante_, according to the desire expressed through Mrs. Paradise. I have lately received yours of the 19...

37. LETTER XXXVI.--TO MR. VAUGHAN, December 29, 1786

When I had the honor of seeing you in London, you were so kind as to permit me to trouble you, sometimes with my letters, and particularly on the subject of mathematical or phil...

44. LETTER XLIII.--TO COLONEL EDWARD CARRINGTON, January 16, 1787

Uncertain whether you might be at New York at the moment of Colonel Franks’ arrival, I have enclosed my private letters for Virginia, under cover to our delegation in general, w...

203. LETTER CCIV.--TO MONSIEUR DE ST. ETIENNE, June 3, 1789

After you quitted us yesterday evening, we continued our conversation (Monsieur de la Fayette, Mr. Short, and myself) on the subject of the difficulties which environ you. The d...

113. LETTER CXII.--TO THE COUNT DE MONTMORIN, November 6, 1787

I take the liberty of asking your Excellency’s perusal of the enclosed case of an American hostage, confined in the prisons of Dunkirk. His continuance there seems to be useless...

215. LETTER CCXVI.--TO THOMAS PAINE, July 11, 1789

Since my last, which was of May the 19th, I have received yours of June the 17th and 18th. I am struck with the idea of the geometrical wheel-barrow, and will beg of you a farth...

88. LETTER LXXXVII.--TO GENERAL WASHINGTON, August 14, 1787

I was happy to find, by the letter of August the 1st, 1786, which you did me the honor to write to me, that the modern dress for your statue, would meet your approbation. I foun...

47. LETTER XLVI.--TO MRS. BINGHAM, February 7, 1787

I know, Madam, that the twelve-month is not yet expired; but it will be, nearly, before this will have the honor of being put into your hands. You are then engaged to tell me, t...

138. LETTER CXXXVII.--TO JOHN BROWN, May 26,1788

It was with great pleasure I saw your name on the roll of Delegates, but I did not know you had actually come onto New-York, till Mr. Paradise informed me of it. Your removal fr...

178. LETTER CLXXVIII.--TO JAMES MADISON, January 12, 1789

My last to you was of the 18th of November; since which, I have received yours of the 21st of September, and October the 8th, with the pamphlet on the Mohicon language, for whic...

110. LETTER CIX.--TO THE COUNT DE MONTMORIN, October 23, 1787

I take the liberty of troubling your Excellency on the subject of the _Arrêt_, which has lately appeared, for prohibiting the importation of whale-oils and spermaceti, the produ...

32. LETTER XXXII.--TO JAMES MADISON, December 16, 1786

After a very long silence, I am at length able to write to you. An unlucky dislocation of my right wrist has disabled me from using that hand, three months. I now begin to use i...

114. LETTER CXIII.--TO JOHN ADAMS, November 13, 1787

I am now to acknowledge your favors of October the 8th and 26th. That of August the 25th was duly received, nor can I recollect by what accident I was prevented from acknowledgi...

173. LETTER CLXXIII.--TO JOHN ADAMS, December 5, 1788

You recollect well the _Arrêt_ of December the 29th, 1787, in favor of our commerce, and which, among other things, gave free admission to our whale-oil, under a duty of about t...

199. LETTER CC.--TO JAMES MADISON, May 11,1789

My last to you was of the 15th of March. I am now in hourly expectation of receiving my leave of absence. The delay of it a little longer will endanger the throwing my return in...

86. LETTER LXXXV.--TO DR. GILMER, August 11, 1787

Your letter of January the 9th, 1787, came safely to hand in the month of June last. Unluckily you forgot to sign it, and your hand-writing is so Protean, that one cannot be sur...

127. LETTER CXXVI.--TO A. DONALD, February.7, 1788

I received duly your friendly letter of November the 12th. By this time, you will have seen published by Congress, the new regulations obtained from this court, in favor of our...

4. LETTER IV.--TO JOHN JAY, April 23, 1786

In another letter of this day, I stated to you what had passed with public characters since my arrival here. Conversations with private individuals, I thought it best not to min...

36. LETTER XXXV.--TO MR. CARMICHAEL, December 26,1786

A note from me of the 22nd of September apprized you it would be some time before I should be able to answer your letters. I did not then expect it would have been so long.

196. LETTER CXCVII.--TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, May 8, 1789

Your favor of January the 26th, to March the 27th, is duly received, and I thank you for the interesting papers it contained. The answer of Don Ulloa, however, on the subject of...

147. LETTER CXLVI.--TO E. RUTLEDGE, July 18, 1788

Messrs. Berard were to have given me particular accounts of the proceeds of the shipments of rice made to them. But they have failed. I fear, from what they mention, that the pr...

202. LETTER CCIII.--TO THOMAS PAINE, May 19,1789

Your favors of February the 16th to April the 13th, and of May the 3rd and 10th, are received; and the two last are sent to Mr. Leroy, who will communicate them to the Academy.

1. LETTER I.--TO RICHARD HENRY LEE, April 22, 1786

In your letter of October the 29th, you desired me to send you one of the new lamps. I tried at every probable place in Paris, and could not get a tolerable one. I have been gla...

155. LETTER CLIV.--TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, August 12, 1788

Since my last to you, I have been honored with yours of the 18th and 29th of May, and 5th of June. My latest American intelligence is of the 24th of June, when nine certainly, a...

208. LETTER CCIX.--TO JOHN JAY, June 29, 1789

My letter of the 25th gave you the transactions of the States General to the afternoon of that day. On the next, the Archbishop of Paris joined the _Tiers_, as did some others o...

154. LETTER CLIII.--TO JOHN JAY, August 11, 1788

In my letter of the last night, written in the moment of Mrs. Barclay’s departure, I had the honor of mentioning to you, that it was now pretty certain that the States General w...

125. LETTER CXXIV.--TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE TREASURY, Feb. 7, 1788

Your favors of November the 10th and 13th, and December the 5th, have been duly received. Commodore Jones left this place for Copenhagen, the 5th instant, to carry into executio...

143. LETTER CXLII.--TO THE COMTE DE BERNSTORFF, June 19, 1788

I had the honor of addressing your Excellency, by Admiral Paul Jones, on the 21st of January, on the subject of the prizes taken under his command during the late war, and sent...

160. LETTER CLIX.--TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE TREASURY, Sep. 6, 1788

Your favor of July the 3rd came to hand some days ago, and that of July the 22nd in the afternoon of yesterday. Knowing that a Mr. Vannet was to leave Paris this morning to go t...

69. LETTER LXVIII.--TO STEPHEN CATHALAN, JUNIOR, July 21,1787

I received your favor of May the 9th, just as I was stepping into the barge on my departure from Cette; which prevented my answering it from that place. On my arrival here, I th...

115. LETTER CXIV.--TO COLONEL SMITH, November 13, 1787

I am now to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of October the 4th, 8th, and 26th. In the last, you apologize for your letters of introduction to Americans coming here. It is...

152. LETTER CLI.--TO MONSIEUR DE CREVE-CŒUR, August 9, 1788

While our second revolution is just brought to a happy end with you, yours here is but cleverly under way. For some days I was really melancholy with the apprehension, that arms...

38. LETTER XXXVII.--TO JOHN JAY, December 31, 1786

I had the honor of addressing you on the 12th of the last month; since which your favor of October the 12th has been received, enclosing a copy of the resolution of Congress for...

182. LETTER CLXXXII.--TO JOHN JAY, February 4, 1789

Your favor of November the 25th, by Gouverneur Morris, is duly received. I must beg you to take the trouble of deciphering yourself what follows, and to communicate it to nobody...

99. LETTER XCVIII,--TO JOHN ADAMS, September 28, 1787

I received your favor by Mr. Cutting, and thank you sincerely for the copy of your book. The departure of a packet-boat, which always gives me full employment for some time befo...

81. LETTER LXXX.--TO COLONEL MONROE, August 5, 1787

A journey of between three and four months, into the southern parts of France and northern of Italy, has prevented my writing to you. In the mean time, you have changed your gro...

8. LETTER VIII.--TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL

A visit of two months to England has been the cause of your not hearing from me during that period. Your letters of February the 3rd, to Mr. Adams and myself, and of February th...

3. LETTER III.--TO JOHN JAY, April 23, 1786

In my letter of March the 12th, I had the honor of explaining to you the motives which had brought me to this place. A joint letter from Mr. Adams and myself, sent by the last p...

159. LETTER CLVIII.--TO JOHN JAY, September 3, 1788

By Mrs. Barclay I had the honor of sending you letters of the 3rd, 10th, and 11th of August; since which, I wrote you of the 20th of the same month, by a casual conveyance, as i...

79. LETTER LXXVIII.--TO DR. CURRIE, August 4, 1787

I am favored with your letter of May the 2nd, and most cordially sympathize in your late immense losses. It is a situation in which a man needs the aid of all his wisdom and phi...

136. LETTER CXXXV.--TO THE COUNT DE MOUSTIER, May 17, 1788

I have at length an opportunity of acknowledging the receipt of your favors of February, and March the 14th, and congratulating you on your resurrection from the dead, among who...

183. LETTER CLXXXIII.--TO WILLIAM SHORT, February 9,1789

I wrote you last on the 22nd of January, on which day I received yours of December the 31st, and since that, the other of January the 14th. We have now received news from Americ...

35. did. On the contrary, I always observed to them, that it would be unjust

to annul that contract. I was led to this, by principles both of justice and interest. Of interest, because that contract would keep up the price of tobacco here to thirty-four,...

165. LETTER CLXIV.--TO JOHN JAY, September 24,1788

Understanding that the vessel is not yet sailed from Havre, which is to carry my letters of the 3rd and 5th instant, I am in hopes you will receive the present with them. The Ru...

39. LETTER XXXVIII.--TO SAMUEL OSGOOD, January 5, 1787

I am desired to forward to you the enclosed queries, and to ask the favor of you to give such an answer to them, as may not give you too much trouble. Those which stand foremost...

105. LETTER CIV.--TO JOHN JAY, October 8, 1787

The Count de Moustier, Minister Plenipotentiary from the court of Versailles to the United States, will have the honor of delivering you this. The connection of your offices wil...

123. LETTER CXXII.--TO LE COMTE BERNSTORFF, January 21, 1788

I am instructed by the United States of America, in Congress assembled, to bring again under the consideration of his Majesty, the King of Denmark, and of his ministers, the cas...

74. LETTER LXXIII.--TO A. DONALD, July 28, 1787

I received with infinite satisfaction your letter of the 1st of March: it was the first information I had of your being in America. There is no person whom I shall see again wit...

124. LETTER CXXIII.--TO WILLIAM RUTLEDGE, February 2, 1788

I should have sooner answered your favor of January the 2nd, but that we have expected for some time, to see you here. I beg you not to think of the trifle I furnished you with,...

50. LETTER XLIX.--TO MR. DUMAS, February 9, 1787

My last to you was dated December the 25th; since which I have been honored with your several favors of December the 29th, January the 5th, 9th, and 23rd. I thought that your af...

101. LETTER C.--TO MONSIEUR LE COMTE DE BUFFON, October 3, 1787

I had the honor of informing you, some time ago, that I had written to some of my friends in America, desiring they would send me such of the spoils of the moose, caribou, elk,...

201. LETTER CCII.--TO MR. VAUGHAN, May 17, 1789

I am to acknowledge, all together, the receipt of your favors of March the 17th, 26th, and May the 7th, and to return you abundant thanks for your attention to the article of dr...

179. LETTER CLXXIX.--TO JOHN JAY, January 14, 1789

In my letter of the 11th, I have said nothing of the _Arrêt_ explanatory of that of September the 28th, on the subject of whale-oils, which my letter of November the 19th gave y...

59. LETTER LVIII.--TO WILLIAM CARMICHAEL, June 14, 1787

Having got back to Paris three days ago, I resume immediately the correspondence with which you have been pleased to honor me. I wish I could have begun it with more agreeable i...

120. LETTER CXIX.--TO MONSIEUR LIMOZIN, December 22, 1787

I have the honor now to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of the 18th and 19th of November, and two of the 18th of the present month. I did not write to you immediately on...

157. LETTER CLVI.--TO JOHN JAY, August 20,1788

I had the honor to write to you on the 3rd, 10th, and 11th instant, with a postscript of the 12th; all of which went by Mrs. Barclay. Since that date, we have received an accoun...

43. LETTER XLII.--TO MONSIEUR DE CREVE-COEUR, January 15,1787

I see by the Journal of this morning, that they are robbing us of another of our inventions, to give it to the English. The writer, indeed, only admits them to have revived what...

131. LETTER CXXX.--TO MR. DUMAS, March 29, 1788

I have now to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of the 14th, 18th, and 23rd instant. I would have preferred doing it in person, but the season, and the desire of seeing wha...

12. LETTER XII.--TO ELBRIDGE GERRY, May 7, 1786

My last to you was of the 11th of October. Soon after that, your favor of the 12th of September came to hand. My acknowledgment of this is made later than it should have been, b...

195. LETTER CXCVI.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, May 6,1789

As it becomes more and more possible that the _Noblesse_ will go wrong, I become uneasy for you. Your principles are decidedly with the _Tiers-Etat_, and your instructions again...

66. LETTER LXV.--TO B. VAUGHAN, July 2, 1787

Your favor of February the 16th came to my hands in the moment I was setting out on a tour through the southern parts of France and northern of Italy, from which I am but just n...

78. LETTER LXXVII.--TO E. CARRINGTON, August 4,1787

Since mine of the 16th of January, I have been honored by your favors of April the 24th and June the 9th. I am happy to find that the States have come so generally into the sche...

96. LETTER XCV.--TO JOHN JAY, September 22, 1787

When I had the honor of addressing you this morning, intelligence was handing about, which I did not think well enough authenticated to communicate to you. As it is now ascertai...

72. LETTER LXXI.--TO MR. SKIPWITH, July 28, 1787

A long journey has prevented me from writing to any of my friends for some time past. This was undertaken with a view to benefit a dislocated and ill-set wrist, by the mineral w...

181. LETTER CLXXXI.--TO JOHN JAY, February 1, 1789

My last letters have been of the 11th, 14th, and 21st of January. The present conveyance being through the post to Havre, from whence a vessel is to sail for New York, I avail m...

117. LETTER CXVI.--TO JOHN ADAMS

In the month of July, I received from Fiseaux & Co. of Amsterdam, a letter notifying me that the principal of their loan to the United States would become due the first day of J...

10. LETTER X.--TO WILLIAM DRAYTON, May 6, 1786

Your favor of November the 23rd came duly to hand. A call to England, soon after its receipt, has prevented my acknowledging it so soon as I should have done. I am very sensible...

22. LETTER XXII.--TO THE PREVOT DES MARCHANDS, September 27, 1786

The commonwealth of Virginia, in gratitude for the services of Major General the Marquis de la Fayette, have determined to erect his bust in their Capital. Desirous to place a l...

190. LETTER CXC.--TO MADAME DE BREHAN, March 14, 1789

I had the honor of writing to you on the 15th of February; soon after which, I had that of receiving your favor of December the 29th. I have a thousand questions to ask you abou...

9. LETTER IX.--TO MR. DUMAS, May 6, 1789

Having been absent in England, for some time past, your favors of February the 27th, March the 28th, and April the 11th, have not been acknowledged so soon as they should have b...

70. LETTER LXIX.--TO THE DELEGATES OF RHODE ISLAND, July 22,1787

I was honored, in the month of January last, with a letter from the honorable the Delegates of Rhode Island in Congress, enclosing a letter from the corporation of Rhode Island...

100. LETTER XCIX.--TO COLONEL SMITH, September 28,1787

I have duly received your favor by Mr. Cutting. I had before had a transient acquaintance with him, and knew him to be sensible. Your recommendation is always a new merit. I rea...

19. LETTER XIX.--TO MR. CARMICHAEL, June 20, 1786

My last to you was of the 5th of May, by Baron Waltersdorff. Since that I have been honored with yours of April the 13th, and May the 16th and 18th. The present covers letters t...

148. LETTER CXLVII.--TO MR. BELLINI, July 25,1788

Though I have written to you seldom, you are often the object of my thoughts, and always of my affection. The truth is, that the circumstances with which I am surrounded, offer...

11. LETTER XI.--TO W. T. FRANKLIN, May 7, 1786

On my return from a two months’ visit to England, I found here your favor of January the 18th. This contains the latest intelligence I have from America. Your effects not being...

52. LETTER LI.--TO JOHN JAY, February 23, 1787

The _Assemblée des Notables_ being an event in the history of this country which excites notice, I have supposed it would not be disagreeable to you to learn its immediate objec...

63. LETTER LXII.--TO MADAME DE CORNY, June 30,1787

On my return to Paris, it was among my first attentions to go to the rue Chaussée d’Antin, No. 17, and inquire after my friends whom I had left there. I was told they were in En...

41. LETTER XL.--TO JOHN ADAMS, January 11, 1787

Mr. Jay, in his last letter to me, observes they hear nothing further of the treaty with Portugal. I have taken the liberty of telling him that I will write to you on the subjec...

29. LETTER XXIX.--TO MRS. COSWAY, October 13, 1786

Just as I had sealed the enclosed, I received a letter of a good length, dated Antwerp, with your name at the bottom. I prepared myself for a feast. I read two or three sentence...

5. LETTER V.--TO JAMES MADISON, April 25, 1786

Some of the objects of the joint commission, with which we were honored by Congress, called me to this place about six weeks ago. To-morrow I set out on my return to Paris. With...

132. LETTER CXXXI.--TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE TREASURY, March 29, 1788

I cannot close my letter, without some observations on the transfer of our domestic debt to foreigners. This circumstance, and the failure to pay off Fiseaux’ loan, were the sol...

158. LETTER CLVII.--TO MR. CUTTING, August 23, 1788

I think a certainty that England and France must enter into the war, was a great inducement to the ministry here to suspend the portion of public payments, which they have latel...

77. LETTER LXXVI.--TO THOMAS BARCLAY, August 3, 1787

I am of opinion that the affair of Geraud and Roland in Holland, had better be committed to Mr. Dumas in Holland, as lawsuits must always be attended to by some person on the sp...

104. LETTER CIII.--TO JAMES MADISON, October 8, 1787

The bearer hereof, the Count de Moustier, successor to Monsieur de la Luzerne, would, from his office, need no letter of introduction to you or to any body. Yet I take the liber...

186. LETTER CLXXXVI.--TO DR. BANCROFT, March 2, 1789

I have just received a letter of January the 31st from Admiral Paul Jones, at Petersburg, which charging me with the execution of some commissions, and these requiring money, he...

6. LETTER VI.--TO THE COUNT DE VERGENNES, May 3, 1786

After begging leave to present my respects to your Excellency, on my return to this place, I take the liberty of offering to your attention some papers, which I found on my arri...

89. LETTER LXXXVIII.--TO COLONEL HUMPHREYS, August 14, 1787

I remember when you left us, it was with a promise to supply all the defects of correspondence in our friends, of which we complained, and which you had felt in common with us....

42. LETTER XLI.--TO MONSIEUR LE DUC D’HARCOURT, January 14, 1787

In the conversation with which you were pleased to honor me a few days ago, on the enfranchisement of the port of Honfleur, I took the liberty of observing, that I was not instr...

156. LETTER CLV.--TO M. CATHALAN, August 13,1788

I have to acknowledge the receipt of your two favors, of June, and July the 11th, and to thank you for the political intelligence they contained, which is always interesting to...

170. LETTER CLXIX.--TO A. DONALD, November 18,1788

Often solicited by persons on this side the water, to inquire for their friends in America, about whose fate they are uncertain, I can only hand on their requests to my friends...

153. LETTER CLII.--TO JOHN JAY, August 10, 1788

I have waited till the last moment of Mrs. Barclay’s departure, to write you the occurrences since my letter of the 3rd instant. We have received the Swedish account of an engag...

184. LETTER CLXXXIV.--TO M. DE VILLEDEUIL, February 10, 1789

I take the liberty of troubling your Excellency with the following case, which I understand to be within your department. Mr. Jay, secretary for Foreign Affairs, to the United S...

65. LETTER LXIV.--TO DAVID HARTLEY, July 2,1787

I received lately your favor of April the 23d, on my return from a journey of three or four months; and am always happy in an occasion of recalling myself to your memory. The mo...

60. LETTER LIX.--TO J. BANNISTER, JUNIOR, June 19, 1787

I have received your favor of April the 23d, from New York, and am sorry to find you have had a relapse. Time and temperance, however, will cure you; to which add exercise. I ho...

161. LETTER CLX.--TO THE COUNT DE MONTMORIN,

In the course of the last war, the house of Schweighaeuser and Dobree of Nantes, and Puchilberg of L’Orient, presented to Dr. Franklin a demand against the United States of Amer...

185. LETTER CLXXXV.--TO MR. CARNES, February 15,1789

I am now to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of January the 23rd, and February the 9th and 10th. Your departure for America so soon, puzzles me as to the finishing the aff...

90. LETTER LXXXIX.--TO JOHN JAY, August 15, 1787

An American gentleman leaving Paris this afternoon, to go by the way of L’Orient to Boston, furnishes me the rare occasion of a conveyance, other than the packet, sure and quick...

14. LETTER XIV.--TO T. PLEASANTS, May 8,1786

At the time of the receipt of your favor of October the 24th, the contract between the Farmers General and Mr. Morris, for tobacco, was concluded, and in a course of execution....

17. LETTER XVII.--TO LISTER ASQUITH, May 22, 1786

When I left this place for England, I had no suspicion that any thing more would be necessary on my part for your liberation. Being but lately returned, I could not sooner ackno...

80. LETTER LXXIX.--TO MR. HAWKINS, August 4, 1787

I have to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of March the 8th and June the 9th, and to give you many thanks for the trouble you have taken with the _dionæa muscipula_. I hav...

108. LETTER CVII.--TO MR. DUMAS, October 14, 1787

I have duly received your favors of October the 23rd and 26th. With respect to the mission you suggest, in the former, no powers are lodged in the hands of Mr. Adams and myself....

163. LETTER CLXII.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA ROUERIE, September 16,1788

On receiving the first letters which you did me the honor to write to me on the arrears due to you from the United States, I informed you that I had nothing to do in the money d...

162. LETTER CLXI.--TO M. DE REYNEVAL, September 16, 1788

I have the honor now to enclose you my observations on the alteration proposed in the consular convention. There remain only three articles of those heretofore in question betwe...

56. LETTER LV.--TO WILLIAM SHORT, April 12, 1787

At Marseilles, they told me I should encounter the rice fields of Piedmont soon after crossing the Alps. Here they tell me there are none nearer than Vercelli and Novara, which...

73. LETTER LXXII.--TO J. W. EPPES, July 28,1787

The letter which you were so kind as to write to me the 22nd of May, 1786, was not delivered to me till the 3rd of May, 1787, when it found me in the neighborhood of Marseilles....

151. LETTER CL.--TO COLONEL MONROE, August 9, 1788

Since my last to you, I have to thank your for your favors of July the 27th, 1787, and April the 10th, 1788, and the details they contained; and in return, will give you now the...

51. LETTER L.--TO JOHN JAY, February 14, 1787

In the letter of the 8th instant, which I had the honor of writing you, I informed you that the Count de Vergennes was dangerously ill. He died yesterday morning, and the Count...

97. LETTER XCVI.--TO MR. CARNES, September 22, 1787

I am honored by your favor of the 17th instant. A war between France and England does not necessarily engage America in it; and I think she will be disposed rather to avail hers...

2. LETTER II.--TO CHARLES THOMSON, April 22, 1786

In one of your former letters, you expressed a wish to have one of the newly invented lamps. I find them made here much better than at Paris, and take the liberty of asking your...

20. LETTER XX.--TO MR. LAMBE, June 20,1786

Having communicated to Mr. Adams the information received, at different times, from yourself, from Mr. Randall, and Mr. Carmichael, we find that the sum likely to be demanded by...

142. LETTER CXLI.--TO PETER CARU, May 23, 1788

The preceding letter [* For the letter referred to, see ante, LXXIV.] was written at its date, and I supposed you in possession of it, when your letters of December the 10th, 17...

126. LETTER CXXV.--TO DOCTOR PRICE, February 7, 1788

It is rendering mutual service to men of virtue and understanding, to make them acquainted with one another. I need no other apology for presenting to your notice the bearer her...

95. LETTER XCIV.--TO JOHN JAY, September 22,1787

The letters of which the inclosed are copies, are this moment received, and as there is a possibility that they may reach Havre before the packet sails, I have the honor of encl...

16. LETTER XVI.--TO JOHN ADAMS, May 11, 1786

I do myself the honor of enclosing to you, letters which came to hand last night, from Mr. Lambe, Mr. Carmichael, and Mr. Barclay. By these you will perceive, that our peace is...

109. LETTER CVIII.--TO MADAME DE CORNY, October 18, 1787

I now have the honor, Madam, to send you the Memoire of M. de Calonne. Do not injure yourself by hurrying its perusal. Only, when you shall have read it at your ease, be so good...

204. LETTER CCV.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, June 12, 1789

As I may not be able to get at you at Versailles, I write this to deliver it myself at your door. With respect to the utility or inutility of your minority’s joining the Commons...

87. LETTER LXXXVI.--TO JOSEPH JONES, August 14, 1787

I have never yet thanked you, but with the heart, for the act of Assembly confirming the agreement with Maryland, the pamphlet, and papers, I received from you a twelvemonth ago...

166. LETTER CLXV.--TO M. DE REYNEVAL, October 1, 1788

I have now the honor of enclosing to you a copy of the letter of September the 16th, which I had that of writing to his Excellency the Count de Montmorin, with the papers therei...

83. LETTER LXXXII.--TO JOHN CHURCHMAN, August 8, 1787

I have duly received your favor of June the 6th, and immediately communicated its contents to a member of the Academy. He told me that they had received the other copy of your m...

102. LETTER CI.--TO MR. DUMAS, October 4,1787

I received your favor of the 23rd of September two days ago. That of the 28th and 29th was put in my hands this morning. I immediately waited on the ambassadors, ordinary and ex...

129. LETTER CXXVIII.--TO JOHN ADAMS, March 2, 1788

I received this day, a letter from Mrs. Adams, of the 26th ultimo, informing me you would set out on the 29th for the Hague. Our affairs at Amsterdam press on my mind like a mou...

200. LETTER CCI.--TO MONSIEUR DE PONTIERE, May 17, 1789

I am honored with your letter of the 6th instant, and am sincerely sorry that you should experience inconveniences for the want of the arrearages due to you from the United Stat...

213. LETTER CCXIV.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, July 9, 1789

Having been curious to form some estimate of the quantity of corn and flour which have been supplied to France this year, I applied to a person in the Farms to know upon what qu...

84. LETTER LXXXIII.--TO MONSIEUR L HOMMANDE, August 9, 1787

At the time you honored me with your letter of May the 31st, I was not returned from a journey I had taken into Italy. This circumstance, with the mass of business which had acc...

53. LETTER LII.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, February 28, 1787

I am just now in the moment of my departure. Monsieur de Montmorin having given us audience at Paris yesterday, I missed the opportunity of seeing you once more. I am extremely...

106. LETTER CV.--TO MONSIEUR LE COMTE DE MOUSTIER, October 9,1787

Mr. Jefferson has the honor of presenting his respects to Monsieur le Comte de Moustier, and of taking leave of him by letter, which he is prevented doing in person, by an unexp...

187. LETTER CLXXXVII.--TO M. DE MALESHERBES, March 11, 1789

Your zeal to promote the general good of mankind, by an interchange of useful things, and particularly in the line of agriculture, and the weight which your rank and station wou...

210. LETTER CCXI.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, July 7,1789

Your letter of yesterday gave me the first information that Monsieur de Mirabeau had suggested to the honorable the Assembly of the Nation, that I had made an offer to Mr. Necke...

49. LETTER XLVIII.--TO JOHN JAY, February 8, 1787

The packet being to sail the day after to-morrow, I have awaited the last possible moment of writing by her, in hopes I might be able to announce some favorable change in the si...

98. LETTER XCVII.--TO JOHN JAY, September 24, 1787

The times are now so critical, that every day brings something new and important, not known the day before. Observing the wind still unfavorable, I am in hopes the packet may no...

21. LETTER XXI.--TO MONSIEUR DE REYNEVAL, June 25, 1786

I have received letters from two citizens of the United States, of the names of Geary and Arnold, informing me, that having for some time past exercised commerce in London, and...

167. LETTER CLXVI.--TO MR. CUTTING, October 2, 1788

I am now to acknowledge the receipt of your favors of the 16th and 23rd ultimo and to thank you for the intelligence they conveyed. That respecting the case of the interrogatori...

128. LETTER CXXVII.--TO M. WARVILLE, February 12, 1888

I am very sensible of the honor you propose to me, of becoming a member of the society for the abolition of the slave-trade. You know that nobody wishes more ardently, to see an...

34. LETTER XXXIV.--TO COLONEL MONROE, December 18, 1786

Your letters of August the 19th and October the 12th have come duly to hand. My last to you was of the 11th of August. Soon after that date I got my right wrist dislocated, whic...

209. LETTER CCX.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, July 6, 1789

I never made an offer to any body to have corn or flour brought here from America: no such idea ever entered my head. Mr. Necker desired me to give information in America, that...

107. LETTER CVI.--TO MADAME DE BREHAN, October 9, 1787

Persuaded, Madam, that visits at this moment must be troublesome I beg you to accept my adieus, in this form. Be assured, that no one mingles with them more regret at separating...

48. LETTER XLVII.--TO GOVERNOR RANDOLPH, February 7, 1787

I have the honor of enclosing to your Excellency a report of the proceedings on the inauguration of the bust of the Marquis de la Fayette, in this city. This has been attended w...

122. LETTER CXXI.--TO MONSIEUR LAMBERT, January 3, 1788

I am honored with your Excellency’s letter of the 29th of December, enclosing the _Arrêt_ on the commerce between France and the United States. I availed myself of the occasion...

211. LETTER CCXII.--TO MR. NECKER, July 8, 1789

I have the honor to enclose you a copy of my letter to Monsieur de la Fayette. When I called on him yesterday, he had already spoken to Monsieur de Mirabeau, who acknowledged he...

212. LETTER CCXIII.--TO THE COUNT DE MONTMORIN, July 8, 1789

My hotel having been lately robbed for the third time, I take the liberty of uniting my wish with that of the inhabitants of this quarter, that it might coincide with the arrang...

214. LETTER CCXV.--TO THE MARQUIS DE LA FAYETTE, July 10, 1789

The acknowledgment by Monsieur de Mirabeau to the National Assembly, that he had been in an error as to the offer he supposed me to have made, and the reading to them my letter,...