Part 117

P _Palmate._ Lobed or divided, with the sinuses pointing to or reaching the apex of the petiole or insertion. _Panicle._ A loose compound flower-cluster. _Papilionaceous._ Butterfly-like. _Papilliform._ The shape of papillæ. _Papillate._ Bearing papillæ, minute nipple-shaped papillose projections. _Parietal placenta._ A placenta borne on the wall of the ovary. _Pedicel._ The stalk of a flower in a compound inflorescence. _Pedicellate._ Borne on a pedicel. _Peduncle._ A general flower-stalk supporting either a cluster of flowers, or a solitary flower. _Pedunculate._ Borne on a peduncle. _Peltate._ Descriptive of a plane body attached by its lower surface to the stalk. _Penniveined._ Same as pinnately veined. _Perfect._ Said of a flower with both stamens and pistil. _Perianth._ The envelope of a flower consisting of calyx, corolla, or both. _Pericarp._ The fructified ovary. _Persistent._ Said of leaves remaining on the branches over their first winter, and of a calyx remaining under or on the fruit. _Petal._ A division of the corolla. _Petiolate._ Having a petiole. _Petiole._ The footstalk of a leaf. _Petiolulate._ Having a petiolule. _Petiolule._ The footstalk of a leaflet. _Pilose._ Hairy, with soft and distinct hairs. _Pinnæ._ The primary divisions of a twice pinnate leaf. _Pinnate._ A leaf with leaflets arranged along each side of a common petiole. _Pistil._ The female organ of a flower, consisting of ovary, style, and stigma. _Pistillate._ Said of a unisexual flower without fertile stamens. _Pith._ The central cellular part of a stem. _Placenta._ That part of the ovary which bears the ovules. _Plane._ Used in describing a flat surface. _Plumule._ The bud or growing part of the embryo. _Pollen._ The fecundating cells contained in the anther. _Polygamodiœcious._ Said of flowers sometimes perfect and sometimes unisexual, the 2 forms borne on different individuals. _Polygamomonœcious._ Said of flowers sometimes perfect and sometimes unisexual, the 2 forms borne on the same individual. _Polygamous._ Said of flowers sometimes perfect and sometimes unisexual. _Pome._ An inferior fruit of 2 or several carpels inclosed in thick flesh. _Posterior._ The side of an axillary flower next the axis of inflorescence. _Prickle._ Outgrowth of the bark. _Proliferous._ Bearing offshoots. _Puberulent._ Very slightly pubescent. _Puberulous._ Minutely pubescent. _Pubescence._ A covering of short soft hairs. _Pubescent._ Clothed with soft short hairs. _Pulvinate._ Cushion-shaped. _Punctate._ Dotted with depressions or translucent internal glands, or with colored dots. _Punctulate._ Minutely punctate.

R _Raceme._ An indeterminate or centripetal inflorescence with an elongated axis and flowers on pedicels of equal length. _Rachis._ The axis of a spike or of a compound leaf. _Radial._ Belonging to a ray. _Radicle._ The initial stem in an embryo. _Raphe._ The adnate cord or ridge connecting the hilum with the chalaza in an anatropous ovule. _Receptacle._ The axile portion of a blossom bearing sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils; the axis or rachis of the head, spike, or other flower-cluster. _Reniform._ Kidney-shaped. _Resupinate._ Upside down. _Reticulate._ Netted. _Retrorse._ Directed backward or downward. _Retuse._ With a shallow notch at a rounded apex. _Revolute._ Rolled backward from the margins or apex. _Rhombic._ Having the shape of a rhomb. _Rhomboidal._ Approaching a rhombic outline; quadrangular with lateral angles obtuse. _Rind._ The bark of some endogenous stems, like that of Palms. _Rostrate._ Narrowed into a slender tip. _Rotate._ Circular, flat and horizontally spreading. _Rugose._ Wrinkled. _Rugulose._ Slightly wrinkled. _Ruminate._ Looking as if chewed, like the albumen of the nutmeg.

S _Sagittate._ Shaped like an arrowhead. _Samara._ An indehiscent winged fruit. _Sapwood._ The young living wood of an exogenous stem. _Scales._ Thin scarious bodies, usually degenerate leaves. _Scarious._ Thin, dry and membranaceous, not green. _Scobiform._ Having the appearance of sawdust. _Scorpioid._ A form of unilateral inflorescence circinately coiled in the bud. _Scurfy._ Covered with small bran-like scales. _Seed._ The fertilized and mature ovule, the result of sexual reproduction in a flowering plant. _Segment._ One of the divisions into which a leaf, calyx, or corolla may be divided. _Semianatropous._ Same as amphitropous. _Sepals._ The divisions of a calyx. _Septicidal._ Descriptive of a capsule splitting through the lines of junction of the carpels. _Septum._ A partition. _Serrate._ Beset with teeth. _Serrulate._ Serrate with small fine teeth. _Sessile._ Without a stalk. _Setose._ Beset with bristles. _Setulose._ Beset with minute bristles. _Sheath._ A tubular or enrolled part or organ. _Sinistrorse._ Turned or directed to the left. _Sinus._ A recess between the lobes of a leaf. _Spatulate._ Oblong with the lower end attenuated. _Spike._ An indeterminate inflorescence with flowers sessile on an elongated common axis. _Spine._ A sharp-pointed woody body, commonly a modified branch or stipule. _Spinescent._ Ending in a spine. _Spinose._ Furnished with spines. _Stamen._ One of the male organs of a flower. _Staminate._ Said of unisexual flowers without pistils. _Staminodium._ A sterile or much reduced stamen. _Stigma._ The part or surface of a pistil which receives the pollen for the fecundation of the ovules. _Stigmatic._ Relating to the stigma. _Stipe._ A stalk-like support of a pistil or of a carpel. _Stipel._ An appendage to a leaflet analogous to the stipules of a leaf. _Stipellate._ Having stipels. _Stipitate._ Having a stipe. _Stipulate._ Having stipules. _Stipules._ Appendages of a leaf, placed on one side of the petiole at its insertion with the stem. _Stomata._ Breathing pores or apertures in the epidermis of leaves connecting internal cavities with the external air. _Stomatiferous._ Furnished with stomata. _Stone._ The hard endocarp of a drupe. _Strobile._ The same as cone. _Strophiolate._ Said of a seed bearing a strophiole or appendage at the hilum. _Style._ The attenuated portion of a pistil between the ovary and the stigma. _Subcordate._ Slightly cordate. _Subulate._ Awl-shaped. _Sulcate._ Grooved or furrowed. _Superior._ Growing or placed above; also in a lateral flower for the side next the axis. _Suture._ A junction, usually a line of opening of a carpel. _Syncarp._ A multiple fruit.

T _Taproot._ The primary descending root, a direct continuation from the radicle. _Tegmen._ The inner coat of a seed. _Testa._ The outer seed-coat. _Thyrsoidal._ Relating to a thrysus. _Thyrsus._ A mixed inflorescence with the main axis indeterminate and the secondary or ultimate cluster cymose. _Tomentose._ Densely pubescent with matted wool or tomentum. _Tomentulose._ Slightly pubescent with matted wool. _Torose._ Cylindric, with contractions or bulges at intervals. _Torulose._ Slightly torose. _Torus._ The receptacle of a flower. _Transverse._ Horizontal. _Trichotomous._ Three-forked. _Trifoliate._ Three-leaved. _Trifoliolate._ Descriptive of leaves, with 3 leaflets. _Truncate._ As if cut off at the end. _Tubercle._ A small tuber or excrescence. _Tuberculate._ Beset with knobby excrescences. _Turbinate._ Top-shaped. _Turgid._ Swollen.

U _Umbel._ An inflorescence with numerous pedicels springing from the same point like the rays of an umbrella. _Umbilicus._ The hilum of a seed. _Umbo._ A boss or protuberance. _Umbonate._ Bearing an umbo. _Uncinate._ Hooked, bent, or curved at the tip in the form of a hook. _Unequally pinnate._ Pinnate, with an odd terminal leaflet. _Unguiculate._ Contracted at the base into a claw or stalk. _Unisexual._ Said of flowers with either the stamens or pistil 0 or abortive. _Urceolate._ Hollow and contracted at or below the mouth like an urn or pitcher. _Utricle._ A small bladdery pericarp.

V _Valvate._ Said of a bud in which the parts meet without overlapping. _Valve._ One of the pieces into which a capsule splits. _Veinlet._ One of the ultimate or smaller ramifications of a vein. _Veins._ Ramifications or threads of fibro-vascular tissue in a leaf or other flat organ. _Ventral._ Belonging to the anterior or inner face of a carpel. _Ventricose._ Swelling unequally or inflated on one side. _Vernation._ The disposition of parts in a leaf-bud. _Verrucose._ Covered with wart-like elevations. _Versatile._ Said of an anther turning freely on its filament. _Verticillate._ Arranged in a circle or whorl round an axis. _Villose._ Hairy, with long and soft hairs.

W _Whorl._ An arrangement of branches or leaves in a circle round an axis. _Wood._ The hard part of a stem mainly composed of wood-cells, wood fibre, or tissue.

INDEX

A Abele, 120. Abies, 50. Abies amabilis, 56. Abies balsamea, 52. Abies balsamea var. hudsonica, 53. Abies balsamea var. macrocarpa, 53. Abies balsamea var. phanerolepis, 52. _Abies bracteata_, 60. Abies cephalonica, 50. Abies cilicica, 50. Abies concolor, 55. Abies Fraseri, 51. Abies grandis, 54. Abies homolepis, 50. Abies lasiocarpa, 53. _Abies Lowiana_, 56. Abies magnifica, 58. Abies magnifica var. shastensis, 59. Abies magnifica var. xanthocarpa, 59. Abies nobilis, 57. Abies Nordmanniana, 50. Abies pinsapo, 50. Abies Veitchii, 50. Abies venusta, 60. Acacia, 591, 623. Acacia Emoriana, 593. Acacia Farnesiana, 592. Acacia, Green-barked, 614, 615. Acacia Greggii, 595. Acacia tortuosa, 593. Acacia Wrightii, 594. Acer, 681. _Acer carolinianum_, 699. Acer circinatum, 684. _Acer Douglasii_, 683. Acer floridanum, 691. Acer floridanum var. villipes, 691. Acer glabrum, 682. Acer glabrum var. Douglasii, 683. Acer glabrum f. trisectum, 682. Acer grandidentatum, 692. Acer leucoderme, 694. Acer macrophyllum, 687. Acer Negundo, 699. Acer Negundo var. arizonicum, 701. Acer Negundo var. californicum, 701. Acer Negundo var. interior, 701. Acer Negundo var. texanum, 701. Acer Negundo var. texanum f. latifolium, 701. Acer Negundo var. violaceum, 700. Acer nigrum, 693. Acer nigrum var. Palmeri, 693. Acer pennsylvanicum, 686. Acer rubrum, 696. Acer rubrum var. Drummondii, 698. Acer rubrum, var. Drummondii f. rotundatum, 698. _Acer rubrum_ var. _rubrocarpum_, 696. Acer rubrum var. tomentosum, 696. Acer rubrum var. tridens, 699. Acer saccharinum, 694. Acer saccharum, 688. Acer saccharum var. glabrum, 688. Acer saccharum var. Rugelii, 689. Acer saccharum var. Schneckii, 688, 689. Acer saccharum var. sinuosum, 690. _Acer sinuosum_, 690. Acer spicatum, 685. Aceraceae, 680. Acœlorraphe, 105. Acœlorraphe arborescens, 106. Acœlorraphe Wrightii, 106. _Adelia_, 853. Æsculus, 702. _Æsculus austrina_, 709. Æsculus Bushii, 704. Æsculus californica, 710. Æsculus discolor, 709. Æsculus discolor var. flavescens, 710. Æsculus discolor var. mollis, 709. Æsculus georgiana, 706. Æsculus georgiana var. lanceolata, 707. Aesculus georgiana var. pubescens, 706. Æsculus glabra, 703. Æsculus glabra var. Buckleyi, 703. Æsculus glabra var. leucodermis, 704. Æsculus glabra var. micrantha, 704. Æsculus glabra var. pallida, 703. Æsculus Harbisonii, 707. Æsculus Hippocastanum, 702. Æsculus hybrida, 705. Æsculus mississippiensis, 704. Æsculus octandra, 704. Æsculus octandra var. virginica, 705. Æsculus Pavia, 707. Ailanthus altissima, 641. Alder, White, 224. Alligator Pear, 357. Almond Willow, 144. Alnus, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226. _Alnus acuminata_, 225. Alnus maritima, 226. Alnus oblongifolia, 225. _Alnus oregona_, 222. Alnus rhombifolia, 224. Alnus rubra, 222. Alnus sinuata, 221. _Alnus sitchensis_, 221. Alnus tenuifolia, 223. Alnus vulgaris, 220. Alvaradoa, 644. Alvaradoa amorphoides, 644. Amelanchier, 393. _Amelanchier alnifolia_, 396. Amelanchier canadensis, 394. _Amelanchier canadensis_, 395. Amelanchier canadensis var. tomentula, 394. _Amelanchier Cusickii_, 396. Amelanchier florida, 396. Amelanchier lævis, 395. Amelanchier lævis f. nitida, 395. Amyris, 640. Amyris elemifera, 640. Amyris parvifolia, 640. Anacahuita, 860. Anacardiaceæ, 655. Anamomis dichotoma, 774. _Anamomis Simpsonii_, 775. Anaqua, 862. Angiospermæ, 96. Anona, 354. Anona Cherimolia, 355. Anona glabra, 355. Anona muricata, 355. _Anona palustris_, 355. Anona reticulata, 355. Anonaceæ, 353. Ant’s Wood, 816. Apple, 379. Apple, Crab, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 387, 389. Apple, Haw, 434. Apple, Pond, 355. Apple, Turkey, 476. Aquifoliaceæ, 668. Aralia, 778. Aralia spinosa, 778. Araliaceæ, 777. Arbor-vitæ, 67. Arbutus, 799. Arbutus arizonica, 801. Arbutus Menziesii, 799. Arbutus texana, 800. _Arbutus xalapensis_, 800. Ardisia, 806. Ardisia paniculata, 806. Arroyo Willow, 153. Ash, 833. Ash, Black, 852. Ash, Blue, 851. Ash, Brown, 852. Ash, Green, 846. Ash, Mountain, 390, 842. Ash, Prickly, 635. Ash, Pumpkin, 844. Ash, Red, 845. Ash, Swamp, 838. Ash, Wafer, 639. Ash, Water, 838, 839. Ash, White, 841. Ash-leaved Maple, 699. Asimina, 353. Asimina triloba, 353. Asp, Quaking, 121. Aspen, 121. Australian Eucalypti, 768. Austrian Pine, 2. Avicennia, 865. Avicennia nitida, 866. Avocado, 357.

B Bald Cypress, 63, 64. Balsam, 125. Balsam Cottonwood, 126. Balsam Fir, 51, 52, 53. Balsam, She, 51. Bark, Cinnamon, 753. Bark, Georgia, 876. Basket Oak, 304. Bass Wood, 732, 733. _Batodendron_, 803. _Batodendron glaucescens_, 803. Bay, 751. Bay, Loblolly, 751. Bay, Red, 357. Bay, Rose, 792. Bay, Swamp, 346, 358. Bay, Sweet, 346. Bayonet, Spanish, 111, 112. Bean, Coral, 616. Bean, Horse, 611. Bean, Indian, 871. Bean, Screw, 602. Bearberry, 725. Bear Oak, 254. Bechtel Crab, 388. Beech, 228. Beech, Blue, 201. Berry, Service, 394, 395, 396. Betula, 205. Betula alaskana, 217. Betula cœrulea, 211. Betula cœrulea var. Blanchardii, 212. Betula commixta, 218. Betula Eastwoodæ, 219. Betula fontinalis, 218. Betula fontinalis var. Piperi, 219. Betula Jackii, 207. _Betula kenaica_, 216. Betula lenta, 206. Betula lutea, 207. _Betula montanensis_, 214. Betula nigra, 208. _Betula occidentalis_, 215. Betula papyrifera, 212. Betula papyrifera var. cordifolia, 213. Betula papyrifera var. elobata, 212. Betula papyrifera var. kenaica, 216. Betula papyrifera var. minor, 213. Betula papyrifera var. montanensis, 214. Betula papyrifera var. occidentalis, 215. Betula papyrifera var. subcordata, 214. Betula pendula, 205, 212. _Betula Piperi_, 219. Betula populifolia, 210. Betula populifolia var. laciniata, 211. Betula populifolia var. purpurea, 211. Betula Purpusii, 208. Betula Sandbergii, 213. Betula Sandbergii f. maxima, 213. _Betula subcordata_, 214. Betulaceæ, 200. Beureria, 861. _Beureria havanensis_, 861. Beureria ovata, 861. Bignoniaceæ, 868. Big Shellbark, 186. Big Tree, 62. Big Tree Plum, 565. Billia, 702. Bilsted, 367. Birch, 205. Birch, Black, 206, 216, 218. Birch, Blue, 211. Birch, Canoe, 212. Birch, Cherry, 206. Birch, Gray, 207, 210. Birch, Paper, 212. Birch, Red, 208, 216. Birch. River, 208, 218. Birch, West Indian, 646. Birch, White, 210, 217. Birch, Yellow, 207. Bird Cherry, 571. Bitternut, 180. Bitter Pecan, 179. Bitter-Sweet Orange, 633. Black Ash, 852. Black Birch, 206, 216, 218. Black Calabash Tree, 873. Black Cottonwood, 124, 126. Black Haw, 812, 889, 890. Black Hemlock, 46. Black Ironwood, 721. Black Jack Oak, 258. Black Mangrove, 866. Black Maple, 693. Black Oak, 246, 250, 251, 274. Black Oaks, 238. Black Olive-tree, 765. Black Persimmon, 823. Black Sloe, 558. Black Spruce, 35. Black Walnut, 171. Black Willow, 140, 160. Blolly, 341. Blue Ash, 851. Blue Beech, 201. Blue Birch, 211. Blue Jack Oak, 265. Blue Myrtle, 727. Blue Oak, 283. Blue Spruce, 39. Borraginaceæ, 858. Bow Wood, 332. Box Elder, 699. Box Wood, 680. Brittle Thatch, 99, 100. Broad-leaved Maple, 687. Broussonetia papyrifera, 328. Brown Ash, 852. Bucida, 765. Bucida Buceras, 765. Buckeye, 709, 710, 711. Buckeye, Fetid, 703. Buckeye, Ohio, 703. Buckeye, Red-flowered, 707. Buckeye, Spanish, 717. Buckeye, Sweet, 704. Buckthorn, 815. Bull Pine, 12, 20. Bumelia, 812. Bumelia angustifolia, 816. Bumelia lanuginosa, 813. Bumelia lanuginosa var. albicans, 813. Bumelia lanuginosa var. rigida, 814. Bumelia lycioides, 815. Bumelia monticola, 814. Bumelia tenax, 812. Burning Bush, 675. Burr Oak, 290. Bursera, 645. Bursera microphylla, 647. Bursera Simaruba, 646. Burseraceæ, 645. Bush, Burning, 675. Bush, Button, 878. Bush, Shad, 394. Bush, Stag, 889. Bustic, 811. Butternut, 169. Button Bush, 878. Buttonwood, 372, 766, 767. Byrsonima, 632. Byrsonima lucida, 632.