CHAPTER XXXVI

MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES

=552.= There are museums of all kinds in existence, some of them of world-wide importance, and they may be roughly classified into the following groups:

GENERAL MUSEUMS.--These are collections of a miscellaneous kind, comprising art, science, archæological and other objects, and aiming more or less at universality. The British Museum was at one time a universal collection, but since it was divided into art, ethnological, natural history and industrial departments, it no longer forms a general collection under one roof. Soane’s Museum in Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, is a general museum, and there are many others in the provinces.

NATIONAL MUSEUMS.--Collections illustrative of the arts, manufactures, antiquities, literature and history of a nation. These range in extent from the great German, Hungarian and French museums, down to museums of national antiquities, like those of the Societies of Antiquaries of England, Scotland and Ireland.

SCIENCE MUSEUMS.--Comprising Anatomical, Botanical, Geological, Chemical, Physical, General Natural History, Astronomical, Ethnological and other varieties. Typical examples are the Hunterian Museum of Anatomy at the Royal College of Surgeons, London; the Herbarium at Kew; the Museum of Practical Geology; the Pharmaceutical Society; the Natural History Museum at South Kensington; the United Service Museum (Naval and Military) at Whitehall; and the historical collections of the British Museum which include Ethnology.

LOCAL MUSEUMS.--These are to be found in all parts of the country, and they usually serve to illustrate and preserve the natural history and antiquities of a particular district; and they differ from national museums, in being restricted to a particular locality.

SPECIAL MUSEUMS.--Of these there is practically no end. They have been formed to illustrate certain restricted departments of science, art or history, such as Hygiene, Numismatics, Watch-making, Heraldry, Costume, etc., and they resemble exhibitions of a special kind, save that they are permanent.

=553.= Generally speaking, a museum is a collection of the objects which go towards the formation of a subject, just as a library is a collection of the literature connected with a subject or subjects. The museum is necessary to the material conception of a subject, just as literature is essential as the permanent record of the subject. For example, in tracing the evolution of the printed book from its manuscript forms, one can form an idea of the appearance of such books by reading up the relative literature, and examining a few facsimiles, and so on; but, in order to realize in a perfect way the aspect, atmosphere and details of early writing and printing, one must go to the great exhibitions or museums of such books at the British Museum or John Rylands Library, Manchester. It is the same with machinery. While a diagram of a machine as it appears in a book may be comprehensible to a few specially educated minds, it would be a mere puzzle to an ordinary human being unless he could go to a museum like that at South Kensington and see a working model of the machine in operation. He could then realize in a practical and concrete way the merely graphic or theoretical view afforded by the book.

=554.= All the great State museums in the country have been established under the provisions of special Acts of Parliament. Some of these, like the various acts establishing the British Museum, date from the eighteenth century, while others are much more recent. It is not proposed to deal with the legislation and history of the State museums, nor is it necessary to do more than describe, later on, their relations with the municipal museums which may now be considered.

=555.= In 1845 was passed the first Museums Act (8 & 9 Vict., c. 43) “for encouraging the establishment of museums in large towns,” under which the local authorities of towns over 10,000 of population were permitted to erect museums and levy a halfpenny rate. No specimens could be bought, but an entrance fee of 1d. could be charged. This Act was practically inoperative, as only Canterbury, Warrington, Leicester, Dover, Salford and a few other places adopted it, and in 1850 it was incorporated in the first Public Libraries Act, 1850 (13 & 14 Vict., c. 65), which repealed it and added the permissive clauses which existed till 1893. This Act in its turn was repealed by that of 1855, and again this was repealed by the Public Library Act of 1892 and subsequent amendments, which remain the leading Acts under which libraries may be established, with such subsidiary departments as museums and art galleries. A digest of the powers conferred on local authorities by those various Acts appears in Section 4 of this _Manual_. The authorities seem to have become aware of the difficulty of supporting so many institutions out of one restricted rate, because in 1891 was passed “An Act to enable Urban Authorities to provide and maintain Museums and Gymnasiums.” Under this Act, which did not apply to Scotland or the County of London, but only to England and Ireland, local authorities were enabled to levy a special rate of ½d. per pound for museum purposes, and a rate of ½d. per pound for gymnasium purposes, and to make regulations for the purposes of both kinds of institutions. In 1901 this Act was extended to the County of London by the “Public Libraries Act, 1901.” A resolution of the local authority is sufficient for the purpose of adopting this Act, and the regulations for adoption are similar to those prescribed for the Public Libraries Acts. The principal clauses of the Act are as follows:

_Clause 4._--“An urban authority may provide and maintain museums for the reception of local antiquities or other objects of interest, and gymnasiums with all the apparatus ordinarily used therewith, and may erect any buildings, and generally do all things necessary for the provision and maintenance of such museums and gymnasiums.”

_Clause 5._--“A museum provided under this Act shall be open to the public not less than three days in every week free of charge, but subject thereto an urban authority may admit any person or class of persons thereto as they think fit, and may charge fees for such admission, or may grant the use of the same or of any room therein, either gratuitously or for payment, to any person for any lecture or exhibition or for any purpose of education or instruction. . . .”

Full power is given by other clauses to make all necessary regulations as to hours, staff, order, etc., in both museums and gymnasiums, and for borrowing money for buildings or other purposes.

Separate accounts are to be kept, and “The amount expended by an urban authority under this Act shall not in any year exceed the amount produced by a rate of a halfpenny in the pound for a museum, and the like amount for a gymnasium established under this Act.”

=556.= A new provision in legislation of this kind is contained in Clause 12, which empowers an urban authority to _sell_ a museum or gymnasium after seven years’ trial, if it is deemed unnecessary or too expensive, but only with the consent of the Local Government Board. Any moneys received from such sale are to be applied, in the first instance, to the repayment of loans, and if not all required for such a purpose, may, with the approval of the Local Government Board, “be applied to any purpose to which capital moneys are properly applicable.”

=557.= It is further provided (Clause 13) that the powers given to urban authorities under the Act “shall be deemed to be in addition to and not in derogation of any other powers conferred by Act of Parliament, law, or custom, and such other powers may be exercised in the same manner as if this Act had not been passed.” In other words, the powers conferred by the “Public Libraries Acts,” for example, with regard to museums, still hold good, and the new powers created by the “Museums and Gymnasiums Act” can be exercised as an addition to them. It should be noted that, in addition to the general legislation contained in the Public Libraries and Museums Acts, many private or local Acts have been passed, under which different localities have obtained power to spend money on the provision of museums and art galleries, greatly in excess of the limits imposed by the general Acts.

=558.= This represents practically the whole of the legislation connected with municipal museums, and it may be inferred, from the financial provision allowed by Parliament, that no museum which depends entirely upon the halfpenny rate can be in a very flourishing condition. The deficiencies of the rate-income are in many cases made up by the donations and bequests of private donors; occasionally public bodies render valuable aid; not infrequently the closely restricted library rate is nibbled at and diverted from its real purpose; and very often the State, represented by the Victoria and Albert Museums at South Kensington, circulates useful and valuable loan collections. In these various ways museums are helped, and within the past few years, or since the Museums Association was established in 1890, the organization, scientific value and equipment of museums have improved in a very marked degree. No doubt in some localities can still be seen the old-fashioned hotch-potch collection of miscellaneous lumber styled a museum, wherein a stuffed walrus jostles a suit of armour, and local fossils and meteorites are beautifully mixed up with birds’ eggs, flint implements and coins. Such collections only require an alligator, and a canoe from Fiji on the walls, to be perfect specimens of the Wardour Street kind of museum. Happily this kind of omnium-gatherum museum is rapidly dying out before the advance of rational classification, and in some cases where collections are small and contained in one room, yet by means of intelligent arrangement incongruous objects are kept apart, and the little museum is made an instructive nucleus, instead of a high-class marine-store.

=559.= This leads to such questions as the elements of museum classification and description, which are the most important points in the relations between libraries and schools and museums. Without classification a general or even special museum is comparatively useless. Without effective arrangement and descriptive labelling the specimens remain uninstructive and misleading. On these two points museums resemble libraries, and it is only when they agree in the essentials of classification and description that the institutions become mutually beneficial. A well-classified and arranged cabinet of minerals, with a full set of descriptive labels, is simply invaluable to the student of mineralogy and geology. When, therefore, a student is referred from the literature to the objects described in the text-books, he is educated to the extent of being able to appreciate the fact that objects are grouped together in respect of certain resemblances, and that classification into related groups is the basis of the science he is studying. On going to a museum of specimens, such a student, if he were an entomologist, would naturally expect to find together all the butterflies, bees, beetles, flies and other objects properly classified according to order, genera and species. If he found all the moths, bugs, flies and beetles mingled in one huge jumble, and labelled Insects, the collection would be uninstructive and would throw no light on his previous reading.

=560.= Whatever set of concrete objects a student sets out to examine in a museum, after being referred from his books, he expects to find some relationship between the literature he has studied and the objects he means to compare and examine. On this principle all the large museums of the world are arranged, and the result is that no student who has previously acquired an elementary knowledge of an art or science from text-books should experience any difficulty in finding his way about a museum. It is true that, for purposes of popular display and to tickle up juvenile interest in natural history, some museums exhibit fine specimens of birds or mammals out of their order, where they will attract notice, but the bulk of the collection will be found in strictly classified order. In many important museums it has been found useful to illustrate animal structure and comparative anatomy by means of key or type collections, which are kept apart from the genera classification, yet serve to illustrate important points in comparative zoology, which it would be difficult to do on a very extensive scale. There are many text-books written exactly on the same principle. One author takes a rabbit, another a crayfish, and from these bases teach the main facts of animal structure which apply all round. So in a museum. While it would be absolutely impossible to repeat at every centre such a fine collection of minerals as has been gathered together at the Natural History Museum at South Kensington, yet it is possible to illustrate the main facts and classification of mineralogy by means of a selection of actual specimens or models. Similarly at the British Museum, the student of early printing does not find himself confronted with a complete chronological sequence of all the books printed in the fifteenth century to illustrate the incunabula, but he finds a selection, or type collection, which in the most effectual way traces the development and evolution of the printed book. The more these type collections are adopted and utilized, the greater will become the value of museums for elementary science teaching, and as most museums are unable to collect and display specimens of _everything_ in the world, it is obvious that they must do as libraries have to do--select only what is best, most typical and instructive, and leave indiscriminate collecting to the great universal museums supported by the State.

=561.= A well-arranged and classified museum, whether of a general character, or which is confined to local botany, zoology, geology and archæology, has great bearing on the educational work of public libraries. It enables a reader to _realize_ the material side of his studies, and by showing him related objects in a definite order, broadens his outlook on the subject, and brings home to him the reality of the matter. As object-lessons are to school-children, so are museums to library readers.

=562.= Art galleries are divisible into three classes--1. Those maintained or assisted by the State=the National Gallery; Scottish National Art Gallery, etc. 2. Those endowed by private munificence or by public bodies=the Wallace Collection; Tate Gallery; the Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool, the Harris Art Gallery, Preston, etc. 3. Those maintained from local rates levied under special Acts of Parliament; or, under the Public Libraries Acts, which empower local authorities to support art galleries out of the penny rate. There is no special Act for the establishment of art galleries similar to the Museums Act already described, and apart from special Acts, the Public Libraries Acts are the only ones which empower the establishment of art galleries. Needless to say, such powers are rarely exercised unless other sources of endowment or income are forthcoming. So many single pictures cost more than the produce of a penny rate in most towns, that it is, on the face of it, absurd to think of art galleries only as departments of public libraries. In some cases part of the library rate is no doubt used to defray part of the expenses of art galleries, particularly buildings, but it is very unusual to purchase pictures from such a meagre fund. Art galleries are greatly assisted by loan exhibitions contributed to by artists, picture owners, both public and private, and the national art authorities acting through the Victoria and Albert Museum at South Kensington. Annually the South Kensington authorities lend to over 400 museums, exhibitions, schools of art and science, etc., no fewer than 47,000 objects, of which 46,000 are works of art, including pictures, embroideries, photographs, metal-work, pottery, etc. But for these circulating collections, comparatively few of the smaller art galleries of the country could keep alive interest simply by means of their own permanent collections. It is only in large towns, like London, Edinburgh, Dublin, Glasgow, Birmingham, Liverpool, etc., where great and representative collections are kept illustrating the leading schools of art, that any direct educational value can be said to attach to art galleries. So far as educational value is concerned, an art gallery cannot for a moment be compared to a museum or a library. Its appeal on the educational side is to a very small section of the public, and even to this section such appeal is limited by the size and character of the collection. The student of early Italian or Flemish painting can learn nothing in a little provincial art gallery, containing fifty or sixty modern landscapes and figure subjects; and the student of Impressionist painting will not find much to help him in a gallery composed of examples of old Dutch and French masters. The value of an art gallery depends, therefore, on its size and representative nature so far as art students are concerned, and on the appeal which fine paintings make to the higher feelings and perceptions of mankind for its influence as a creator of taste and stimulator of a love of the beautiful. When an art collection takes the form of a special exhibition illustrative of a subject, rather than a particular school of painting, its value and interest are enormously increased. Suppose, for example, that an art gallery is devoted to an exhibition illustrative of some great historical subject, like the career of Napoleon I. The value of the pictorial side of the subject at once stands forth with great prominence, and one can realize the educational value of art in the exposition of history. But in a mere random collection of pictures, on all kinds of subjects, by all kinds of painters, there is no kind of consecutive teaching or definite connexion with the art literature contained in a library, and, therefore, such a miscellaneous selection of pictures is chiefly valuable as a kind of vague appeal to the æsthetic feelings of the casual observer. Only great collections like those of the National Gallery in London, and the Louvre at Paris, can be said to illustrate the literature of art, and it is chiefly in regard to such art galleries that some direct connexion can be traced between art collections and libraries.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

=563. Museums and Art Galleries:=

Chambers and Fovargue. Law relating to . . . Museums.

Flower, Sir W. H. Essays on Museums, 1898.

Greenwood, T. Museums and Art Galleries, 1888.

Jackson, M. T. The Museum: A Manual of the Housing and Care of Art Collections, 1917.

Murray, David. Museums: Their History and Use, 1904, 3 vols. [Vols. 2-3 are a most extensive bibliography.]

Museums Journal.

For articles see Cannons: F 17-18, Museums; F 19, Art Galleries.

APPENDIX I

THE NOMENCLATURE OF LIBRARY POSITIONS[18]

[18] A report contributed by L. Stanley Jast and W. C. Berwick Sayers to the Congrès International des Archivistes et des Bibliothécaires, Bruxelles, 1910.

=564.= It will be difficult but it is desirable to attempt to resolve some order out of the terminological chaos at present existing.

The British Government has many library positions in its control, but the term librarian is only sparingly recognized. There are “librarians” of the two Houses of Parliament, the British Museum, the Board of Education, Admiralty, Patent Office and other Government departments, but only in the Houses of Parliament are there any assistant-librarians so-named. The heads of departments in the British Museum are called “keepers,” a traditional term, and the assistant librarians “Assistants in the Department of Printed Books” or “Manuscripts,” as the case may be, which as a term in no way connects them with librarianship. In the Patent Office the term “Custodian” was formerly employed, but was dropped some eight years ago for “Assistant in the Library.” In the other Government or Civil Service libraries the assistant librarian is usually rated and named as a first- or second-class clerk, as the case may be. It would be greatly to the advantage of librarianship if a proper Government recognition of the term librarian as representing a specially trained type of man rather than the occupant of a certain position could be obtained. At present it seems that clerks in any Government office possessing a library can be moved from the office proper to the library, and _vice versa_.

=565.= In municipal and similar public libraries the chaos is even more pronounced. The principal officer calls himself Chief, Principal, Head, Borough or City Librarian, or merely Librarian. Often the term Chief Librarian is adopted where the owner of the name is the only librarian on the staff, and the term “Chief” in these circumstances is meaningless.

=567.= In the nomenclature of assistant librarians the confusion is worse still. The principal assistant to the librarian is called the Deputy, Chief Assistant, Assistant- or Sub-Librarian in large libraries; but the terminology is imitated by the smaller libraries, and it is no uncommon matter to hear of an assistant with a salary of £30 per annum called a “sub-librarian,” and “chief assistant” and similar terms are used very loosely to the bewilderment of library authorities, who find that the Deputy Librarian of a great library like Birmingham holds apparently the same position as the untrained lad in a village library.

=568.= It is undoubtedly desirable to formulate a series of definitions which should govern the application of names to library positions. The resulting nomenclature if generally adopted would prevent the anomalies referred to. No librarian should call himself a chief librarian unless he directs the work of librarians; the adjective is distinctly a relative term. Similarly a deputy- or a sub-librarian should be clearly a librarian of some technical equipment and training though he does not happen to hold an independent position. To apply this name to a young or boy assistant is undignified and is bound to cause confusion.

=569.= The following definitions are therefore tentatively recommended for general adoption as solving the difficulties under consideration. At the same time, human nature being what it is, we shall probably never do away altogether with a meaningless and inflated use of official terms in small libraries, and anything like a general adoption of our proposed definitions in the larger libraries is perhaps unlikely. Even so, the adoption of these or other definitions for all general statistical purposes would be of great advantage.

SUGGESTED NOMENCLATURE AND DEFINITIONS OF LIBRARY POSITIONS

_Chief Librarian._--The head librarian of a number of libraries, or a library system, under the charge of “librarians.” In the case of a single large library (_e.g._ the British Museum), where the departmental chiefs may fitly be styled librarians, the term Chief Librarian may be used to designate the head; with such exception the term should never be employed for the head of a single library.

_Deputy Librarian._--The principal assistant to a Chief Librarian, whose work belongs strictly to the general administration of a system. Not to be confused with Sub-Librarian.

_Librarian._--The head of a library. Not to be confused with Chief Librarian, the head of a system of libraries.

_Sub-Librarian._--The principal assistant to a librarian, whose work is independent of departments, but not independent of a building. Not to be confused with Deputy Librarian.

_Librarian-in-Charge._--The officer in charge of a district or branch library, or one of the departments of a central library, in a system under the control of a Chief Librarian. Not to be confused with Librarian.

_Branch Librarian._--Term not to be used. See Librarian-in-Charge.

_Chief Assistant._--An officer in charge of a department, subordinate to a Sub-Librarian. If subordinate to a Deputy Librarian the corresponding office would be Librarian-in-Charge.

_Senior Assistant._--A higher grade of library assistant.

_Junior Assistant._--A lower grade of library assistant.

_Attendant._--A person who carries books, and performs other mechanical unskilled routine. If a youth, the term “page” may be used.

_Janitor._--An officer (generally in uniform) whose principal duty is to maintain order in the building.

_Clerk._--A person employed in general clerking work, not a part of the professional library staff.

_Probationer._--An assistant “on trial,” or not permanently appointed, who may or may not be paid.

APPENDIX II

THE LIBRARIAN’S LIBRARY

=570.= The following is a classified list of the principal books which a librarian will require as the chief tools of his profession. It does not claim to be a complete bibliography, many valuable pamphlets and publications of institutions being omitted owing to limited space.

The majority of the works mentioned should be available for the benefit of the staff of the larger libraries, while two suggestive selections are indicated by asterisks as follows:

** selection for a small library, income less than £1500.

* selection for a medium library, income less than £3000.

Richard Wright.

=571.= LIBRARY SCIENCE: BIBLIOGRAPHIES

**BROWN, J. D. Guide to Librarianship: reading lists, methods of study, and tables of factors and percentages, required in connexion with library economy. 93 pp. 1909.

(Grafton.)

**CANNONS, H. G. T. Bibliography of Library Economy: a classified index to the professional periodical literature relating to library economy, printing, methods of publishing, copyright, bibliography, etc. [1876-1909]. 1910.

(Stanley Russell.)

**LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND LIBRARY ASSISTANTS’ ASSOCIATION. Union Class-List of the Libraries of the Library and Library Assistants’ Associations. 1913.

(Library Association.)

LIBRARY WORK: cumulated, 1905-11: a bibliography and digest of library literature. Ed. A. L. Guthrie. 1912.

(Minneapolis: Wilson.)

=572.= POLICY AND UTILITY OF LIBRARIES

**BOSTOCK, A. E. The American Public Library. 1910.

(N. York: Appleton.)

---- (_Ed._). Relationship between the Library and the Public Schools: reprints of papers and addresses.

(N. York: Wilson.)

DANA, J. C. Libraries: addresses and essays. 1916.

(N. York: Wilson.)

*EDWARDS, EDWARD. Free Town Libraries: their formation, management and history. 1869.

(Trübner.)

FAY, L. E., and EATON, A. T. Instruction in the Use of Books and Libraries: a text-book for normal schools and colleges. 1915. _Useful Reference Ser._

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

GRAESEL, ARNIM. Handbuch der Bibliothekslehre: zweite, voellig umgearbeitete Auflage der “Grundzüge der Bibliothekslehre.” 1902.

(Leipzig: Weber.)

GREEN, S. S. Public Library Movement in the United States, 1853-93. 1913.

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

*HARDY, E. A. The Public Library: its place in our educational system. 1912.

(Toronto: Briggs.)

LADEWIG, DR PAUL. Politik der Bücherei. 1912.

(Leipzig: Wiengandt.)

LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC EDUCATION AND PUBLIC LIBRARIES. Report, 1905. 12 pp. 1906.

(Library Association.)

**LOWE, J. A. Books and Libraries: a manual of instruction in their use: for colleges. 1916.

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

MILLER, F. M. Libraries and Education. 1912.

(Melbourne: Robertson.)

*MOREL, EUGÈNE. Bibliothèques: essai sur le développement des bibliothèques publiques et de la libraire dans les deux mondes. 2 vols. 1908-09.

(Paris: Mercure de France.)

PELLISSON, MAURICE. Les Bibliothèques Populaires à l’Étranger et en France. 1906.

PLUMMER, M. W. Hints to Small Libraries.

(Chicago: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

PUBLIC LIBRARIES, SELECT COMMITTEE ON. Report: with proceedings, minutes of evidence and appendix. 1849.

**RECONSTRUCTION, MINISTRY OF. Third Interim Report of the Adult Education Committee: libraries and museums. 1919.

(H.M. Stationery Office.)

REYER, ED. Entwicklung und Organisation der Volksbibliotheken. 1893. (Leipzig: Engelmann.)

---- Fortschritte der Volkstumlichen Bibliotheken. 1903.

(Leipzig: Engelmann.)

RICHOU, GABRIEL. Traité de l’Administration des Bibliothèques Publiques: historique, organization, legislation. 1885.

(Paris: Dupont.)

SPOFFORD, A. R. Books for all Readers: an aid to the collection, use and preservation of books, and the formation of public and private libraries. 1909. (N. York: Putnam.)

*STEWART, J. D. How to Use a Library. 1910.

(Stock.)

*WARD, G. O. The Practical Use of Books and Libraries. 2 vols. 1911.

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

WIRE, G. E. How to Start a Public Library. 1902.

(Washington: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

=573.= PRACTICAL MANUALS. HANDBOOKS

**AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. Manual of Library Economy. 1911-15. _In progress._

(Chicago: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

BROWN, J. D. Manual of Library Economy. 1909.

(Grafton.)

COUSIN, JULES. De l’Organisation et de l’Administration des Bibliothèques. 1882.

DANA, J. C. A Library Primer. 1910.

(Chicago: Library Bureau.)

*---- (_Ed._). Modern American Library Economy: as illustrated by the Newark, N.J., Free Public Library. 1908.

(Minneapolis: Wilson.)

FLETCHER, W. J. Public Libraries in America. 1894.

(Chicago: Sampson Low.)

GREENWOOD, THOMAS. Public Libraries: a history of the movement, and a manual for the organization and management of rate-supported libraries. 4th ed., revised. 1891.

(Cassell.)

GREVE, H. E. Openbare Leesmusea en Volksbibliotheken. 1906.

(Amsterdam: Maas.)

*KOCH, T. W. Library Assistants’ Manual. 1913.

(Lansing: Michigan Library Commission.)

MACFARLANE, JOHN. Library Administration. 1898.

(Allen.)

MAIRE, ALBERT. Manuel Pratique du Bibliothécaire: bibliothèques publiques, universitaires, privées. 1896.

*MOTH, AXEL. Glossary of Library Terms: English, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Swedish. 58 pp. 1915. _Useful Reference Ser._

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

*RAE, W. S. C. Public Library Administration. 1913.

(Routledge.)

**ROEBUCK, G. E., and THORNE, W. B. A Primer of Library Practice for Junior Assistants. 1914.

(Grafton.)

*STEARNS, L. E. (_Ed._). Essentials in Library Administration. 1905.

(Washington: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

WHEATLEY, H. B. How to Form a Library. 1902.

(Stock.)

=574.= SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS

BROWN, J. D. The Small Library: a guide to the collection and care of books. 1907.

(Routledge.)

*EMERY, J. W. The Library, the School, and the Child. [1917.]

(Macmillan.)

*GOWER, H. D., JAST, L. S., and TOPLEY, W. W. The Camera as Historian.

(Sampson Low.)

GREENWOOD, THOMAS. Sunday School and Village Libraries. 1892.

(Clarke.)

*KAISER, J. B. Law, Legislative and Municipal Reference Libraries. 1914.

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

**SAYERS, W. C. B. The Children’s Library: a practical manual for public, school and home libraries.

(Routledge.)

=575.= PERIODICALS AND ASSOCIATIONS

American Library Association. Bulletin. 1907 _to date_.

Association des Bibliothécaires Français. Bulletin. 1909 (?) _to date_.

Baroda Library Miscellany. 1912 _to date_.

La Bibliothécaire. 1910 _to date_.

(St Petersburg.)

Blätter für Volksbibliotheken und Lesehallen. 1901 _to date_.

(Leipzig.)

Het Boek. 1912 _to date_.

(The Hague.)

Bogsamlingsbladet. 1905 (?) _to date_.

(Copenhagen.)

Boletin del Archiva Nacional. 1901 (?) _to date_.

Bollettino delle Biblioteche Popolari. 1908 _to date_.

(Milan.)

Centralblatt für Bibliothekswesen. 1884 _to date_.

(Leipzig.)

La Coltura Popolare. 1911 _to date_.

(Milan.)

For Folke- og Barneboksamlinger. 1907 _to date_.

(Kristiania.)

An Leabharlann. 1905 _to date_.

(Dublin.)

*Librarian and Book World. 1910 _to date_.

(S. Paul.)

*Library: a magazine of bibliography and library literature. _Ed._ J. Y. M. MacAlister. 1889 _to date_.

(Moring.)

**Library Assistants’ Association. Library Assistant. 1898 _to date_.

(L.A.A.)

**Library Association. Library Association Record. 1899 _to date_.

(Library Association.)

**---- Library Association Year Book. 1893 _to date_.

(Library Association.)

---- Monthly Notes. 1880-83.

(Library Association.)

---- Transactions and Proceedings of Annual Meetings. 1878-94.

(Chiswick Press.)

Library Chronicle. 5 vols. 1884-88.

(Library Association.)

**Library Journal. 1876 _to date_.

(N. York: Bowker.)

Library Record of Australia. 1901 _to date_.

**Library World. 1898 _to date_.

(Grafton.)

Maandblad voor Bibliotheekwezen. 1913 _to date_.

(The Hague.)

Museums Journal.

(Dulau.)

Oesterr. Verein für Bibliothekswesen. Mittheilungen. 1897 (?) _to date_.

*Ontario. Dept. of Education. Public Libraries Branch. Ontario Library Review.

(Ontario Dept. of Education.)

*Public Libraries. 1896 _to date_.

(Chicago: Library Bureau.)

Revista de Archivos. Bibliotecas y museos. 1905 _to date_.

(Madrid.)

Revista de la Biblioteca Nacional. 1909 _to date_.

(Habana.)

Revista delle Biblioteche e Degli Archivi.

(Florence.)

Revue des Bibliothèques.

(Paris.)

Revue des Bibliothèques et Archives de Belgique. 1903 _to date_.

*Special Libraries. 1910 _to date_.

(Indianapolis: Special Libraries Association.)

Tijdschrift voor Boek- en Bibliotheekwezen. 1903 _to date_.

(Antwerp.)

Wisconsin Library Bulletin.

(Wisconsin Free Library Commission.)

=576.= LEGISLATION

**CHAMBERS, G. F., and FOVARGUE, H. W. Law Relating to Public Libraries and Museums and Scientific Institutions. 1899.

(Knight.)

*FOVARGUE, H. W. Summary of Library Law. 1910.

(Stanley Russell.)

---- Adoption of the Public Libraries Acts in England and Wales. 1896. _L.A. Series_, 7.

(Simpkin.)

FOVARGUE, H. W., and OGLE, J. J. Public Library Legislation. 1893. _L.A. Series_, 2.

(Simpkin.)

=577.= ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING, FITTINGS

*BROWN, J. D., _and Others_. Open Access Libraries: their planning, equipment and organization. 1915.

(Grafton.)

*BURGOYNE, F. J. Library Construction, Architecture, Fittings and Furniture. 1897.

(Allen.)

**CHAMPNEYS, A. L. Public Libraries: their design, construction and fittings. 1907.

(Batsford.)

*CLARK, J. W. Care of Books: the development of libraries and their fittings to the end of the eighteenth century. 1909.

(Cambridge Univ. Press.)

COTGREAVE, ALFRED. Views and Memoranda of Public Libraries. 1901.

LEAGUE OF LIBRARY COMMISSIONS. Small Library Buildings. 1908.

(Boston: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

N. YORK STATE LIBRARY. EASTMAN, W. R. Library Building Plans. 55 pp. 1906.

*SOULE, C. C. How to Plan a Library Building for Library Work. 1912. _Useful Reference Ser._

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

=578.= STAFF

BODLEIAN LIBRARY. Staff Kalendar.

(Annual.)

COWELL, PETER. Public Library Staffs. 1893. _L.A. Series_, 3.

(Simpkin.)

**LIBRARY ASSISTANTS’ ASSOCIATION. Report on the Hours, Salaries, Training and Conditions of Service of Assistants in British Municipal Libraries. 1911.

(Library Assistants’ Assoc.)

=579.= CATALOGUING

_Bibliography_

JAHR, TORSTEIN, and STROHM, A. J. Bibliography of Co-operative Cataloguing and the Printing of Catalogue Cards, 1850-1902. 1903.

(Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.)

_Practical Manuals_

*BISHOP, W. W. Practical Handbook of Modern Library Cataloguing. 1914.

(Grafton.)

BLACKBURN, C. F. Hints on Catalogue Titles and on Index Entries.

CLARKE, A. L. Manual of Practical Indexing. 1905.

(Grafton.)

*CRAWFORD, ESTHER. Cataloguing: suggestions for the small library. 1906.

(Boston: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

DELISLE, LEOPOLD. Instructions pour la Mise et le Maintien en Ordre des Livres d’une Bibliothèque. 94 pp. 1910.

(Paris: Champion.)

HITCHLER, THERESA. Cataloguing for Small Libraries. 1915.

(Boston: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

**QUINN, J. H. Manual of Library Cataloguing. 1913.

(Grafton.)

WALTER, F. K. Abbreviations and Technical Terms used in Book Catalogs and in Bibliographies. 1912. _Useful Reference Ser._

(Boston: Boston Book Co.)

WHEATLEY, H. B. How to Catalogue a Library. 1889.

(Stock.)

_Codes_

*AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. Condensed Rules for an Author and Title Catalog. 1904.

(American Library Assoc.)

**AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION AND LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. Cataloguing Rules: author and title entries. 1908.

(Library Association.)

*BRITISH MUSEUM. Rules for Compiling the Catalogues. 1900.

(British Museum.)

**CUTTER, C. A. Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue.

(Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.)

*DEWEY, MELVIL. Library School Card Catalog Rules: with fifty-two facsimiles of sample cards. 1892.

(Boston: Library Bureau.)

DZIATZKO, C. Instruction für die Ordnung der Titel im Alphabetischen Zettelkatalog der Königl. und Universitäts-Bibliothek zu Breslau. 1886.

**LINDERFELT, K. A. Eclectic Card Catalog Rules: author and title. 1890.

(Boston: Cutter.)

N. YORK STATE LIBRARY. FELLOWS, J. D. Cataloguing Rules. 1914.

(Albany: N. York University.)

PERKINS, F. B. San Francisco Cataloguing for Public Libraries. 1884.

(San Francisco.)

_Subject Headings_

*AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. List of Subject Headings for Use in Dictionary Catalogs. Ed. 3; by M. J. Briggs; revised. 1911.

(Washington: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

* MANN, MARGARET. Subject Headings for Use in Dictionary Catalogues of Juvenile Books. 1916.

(Grafton.)

_Annotation_

**SAYERS, W. C. BERWICK. First Steps in Annotation in Catalogues. 1918. _L.A.A. Ser., 9._

(Library Assistants’ Assoc.)

**SAVAGE, E. A. Manual of Descriptive Annotation for Library Catalogues. 1906.

(Grafton.)

_Forms and Production of Catalogues_

**PHILIP, A. J. The Production of the Printed Catalogue. 1910.

(Atkinson.)

**SAYERS, W. C. BERWICK, and STEWART, J. D. The Card Catalogue: a practical manual for public and private libraries. 1913.

(Grafton.)

---- Catalogues for Children. 1905.

(Aberdeen Univ. Press.)

**STEWART, J. D. The Sheaf Catalogue: the compilation of manuscript catalogues for public and private libraries. 1909.

(Grafton.)

=580.= CLASSIFICATION

_Theoretical and Practical_

**BROWN, J. D. Library Classification and Cataloguing. 1912.

(Grafton.)

**RICHARDSON, E. C. Classification: theoretical and practical. 1912.

(N. York: Scribner’s.)

**SAYERS, W. C. BERWICK. Canons of Classification Applied to the Subject, Expensive, Decimal, and Library of Congress Classifications. 1915.

(Grafton.)

**---- An Introduction to Library Classification: with readings, questions and examination papers. 1918.

(Grafton.)

**---- A Short Course in Practical Classification.

(Library Association.)

_Schemes_

BELGIUM. INSTITUT INTERNATIONAL DE BIBLIOGRAPHIE. Classification Bibliographique Décimale: tables générals refondues établies en vue de la publication du répertoire bibliographique universel: édition Française publiée avec le concours du Bureau Bibliographique de Paris. 1899-1905. _In progress._

(Brussels: Inst. Internat. de Bibliographie.)

---- Manuel du Répertoire Bibliographique Universel: organisation, état de travaux, règles, classification.

(Library Bureau.)

**BROWN, J. D. Subject Classification. 1914.

(Grafton.)

CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY. Classification of Books in the Library. Ed. 2; revised. 1916. _Library Bulletin_, 12.

(Univ. of California.)

*CUTTER, C. A. Expansive Classification. _In progress_.

(Boston: Library Bureau.)

**DEWEY, MELVIL. Decimal Classification and Relative Index: for library clippings, notes, etc. Ed. 9. 1915.

(Boston: Library Bureau.)

FLETCHER, W. I. Library Classification. 1894.

(Boston: Roberts.)

JAST, L. S. Classification of Library Economy and Office Papers. 1907.

(Grafton.)

PERKINS, F. B. Rational Classification of Literature for Shelving and Cataloguing Books in a Library. 1882.

(San Francisco: Valentine.)

UNITED STATES. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Classification. 22 pts. 1904-16.

(Washington: Government Printing Office.)

_Author Marks_

*CUTTER, C. A. Three-Figure Decimal Alphabetic Order Table. 1901.

(Boston: Library Bureau.)

*---- Explanation of the Alphabetic Order Marks: three-figure table. 1901.

(Boston: Library Bureau.)

=581.= BOOKBINDING

AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. COMMITTEE ON BINDING. Binding Specifications for Commercial Work. 1909.

(Chicago: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

BAILEY, A. L. Library Bookbinding. 1916.

(N. York: Wilson.)

*CHIVERS, CEDRIC. The Paper of Lending Library Books: with remarks on their bindings. 1910.

(Bath: Chivers.)

*COCKERELL, DOUGLAS. Bookbinding and the Care of Books. 1906.

(Hogg.)

**COUTTS, H. T., and STEPHEN, G. A. Manual of Library Bookbinding: practical and historical. 1911.

(Grafton.)

*DANA, J. C. Notes on Bookbinding for Libraries. 1906.

(Boston: Library Bureau.)

**LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. SOUND LEATHER COMMITTEE. Leather for Libraries. 1905. (Library Association.)

*PHILIP, A. J. Business of Bookbinding. 1912.

(Stanley Paul.)

*SOCIETY OF ARTS. Report of the Committee on Leather for Bookbinding. 1905.

(Society of Arts.)

STEPHEN, G. A. Commercial Bookbinding: the processes and the machines used. 1910.

(Stonhill.)

**ZAEHNSDORF, J. H. Bookbinding. 1900.

(Bell.)

_Historical_

*HORNE, H. P. The Binding of Books. 1894. _Books about Books._

(Kegan Paul.)

*PRIDEAUX, S. T. Historical Sketch of Bookbinding. 1893.

(Laurence & Bullen.)

=582.= ANCIENT AND MEDIÆVAL LIBRARIES

BOYD, C. E. Public Libraries and Literary Culture in Ancient Rome. 1915.

(Chicago: Univ. Press.)

*EDWARDS, EDWARD. Memoirs of Libraries. 2 vols. 1859.

(Trübner.)

*RICHARDSON, E. C. The Beginnings of Libraries. 1914.

(Oxford Univ. Press.)

*---- Biblical Libraries: library history, 3400 B.C. to A.D. 150. 1914.

(Oxford Univ. Press.)

*---- Some old Egyptian Libraries. 1911.

(Oxford Univ. Press.)

*SAVAGE, E. A. Old English Libraries: the making, collection and use of books during the middle ages. 1911. _Antiquary’s Books._

(Methuen.)

**---- Story of Libraries and Book Collecting.

(Routledge.)

=583.= MODERN LIBRARIES: DIRECTORIES AND STATISTICS

*BROWN, J. D. A British Library Itinerary. 30 pp. 1913.

(Grafton.)

**CARNEGIE UNITED KINGDOM TRUST. Annual Report. 1914 _to date_.

---- Statistics relating to Public Libraries in the United Kingdom. 1916.

**---- ADAMS, _Prof._ W. G. S. Report on Library Provision and Policy. 1915.

FRANKLIN, ALFRED. Guide des Savants, des Littérateurs, et des Artistes dans les Bibliothèques de Paris. 1908.

(Paris: Welter.)

GIBSON, STRICKLAND. Some Oxford Libraries. 1914.

(Oxford Univ. Press.)

**_Libraries, Museums, and Art Galleries Year Book._ 1897 _to date_.

(Stanley Paul.)

**_Literary Year Book._ (Annual.)

(Heath, Cranton & Ouseley.)

**LONDON UNIVERSITY. RYE, A. R. The Libraries of London: a guide for students. 1910.

(Univ. of London.)

MARCEL, HENRY, _and Others_. La Bibliothèque Nationale. 1907.

(Paris: Renouard.)

MOREL, EUGÈNE. La Librairie Publique. 1910.

(Paris: Colin.)

NEDERLANDSCHE BIBLIOTHEEKGIDS. Uitgave van de Nederlandsche Vereeniging van Bibliothecarissen en Bibliotheek-Ambtenaren, Gevestigd te Utrecht. 1913. 88 pp.

(Utrecht: Oosthoek.)

OGLE, J. J. The Free Library: its history and present condition. 1897.

(Allen.)

**PARLIAMENT. Return Showing the Names of all Places in England, Scotland and Ireland in which the Public Libraries Acts had been Adopted. 1912.

(H.M. Stationery Office.)

*PEDDIE, R. A. The British Museum Reading Room: a handbook for students. 1912.

(Grafton.)

*RAWLINGS, G. B. The British Museum Library. 1916.

(Grafton.)

=584.= BIBLIOGRAPHY: HISTORICAL AND PRACTICAL

**BROWN, J. D. Manual of Practical Bibliography. 1906.

(Routledge.)

BURE, G. F. DE. Bibliographie Instructive: ou, traité de la connaissance des livres rares et singuliers. 7 vols. 1764-68.

(Paris: De Bure.)

*CAMPBELL, F. Theory of National and International Bibliography. 1896.

(Library Bureau.)

*CIM, ALBERT. Le Livre: historique, fabrication, achat, classement, usage, et entretien. 5 vols. 1905-08.

(Paris: Flammarion.)

FEIPEL, L. N. Elements of Bibliography. 37 pp. 1916.

(Cambridge Univ. Press.)

*HORNE, T. H. Introduction to the Study of Bibliography. 2 vols. 1814.

(Cadwell & Davies.)

KLEEMEIER, F. J. Handbuch der Bibliographie. 1903.

ROUVEYRE, E. Connaissances Nécessaires à un Bibliophile. Ed. 5.

(Paris: Rouveyre.)

_Typography: Historical_

AMES, J. Typographical Antiquities. Ed. by Dibdin. 4 vols. 1810-19.

BLADES, WILLIAM. The Pentateuch of Printing. 1891.

(Chicago: M’Clurg.)

COTTON, HENRY. Typographical Gazetteer. 2 vols. 1831-66.

(Oxford: Parker.)

FAULMANN, K. Geschichte der Buchdruckerkunst. 1882.

(Vienna.)

*HUMPHREYS, H. N. History of Printing to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century. 1868.

(Quaritch.)

**PLOMER, H. R. Short History of English Printing. 1900.

(Kegan Paul.)

_Typography: Practical_

**COLLINS, F. H. (_Ed._). Author and Printer: a guide for authors, editors, printers, correctors of the press, compositors and typists. 1905.

(Frowde.)

**JACOBI, C. T. Some Notes on Books and Printing. 1904.

(Whittingham.)

*LEGROS, L. A., and GRANT, J. C. Typographical Printing Surfaces: the technology and mechanism of their production. 1916.

(Longmans.)

_Book Production_

*BOUCHOT, HENRY. The Book: its printers, illustrators and binders: from Gutenberg to the present time. 1890.

(Grevel.)

**DAVENPORT, CYRIL. The Book: its history and development. 1907.

(Constable.)

DUFF, E. G. Early Printed Books. 1893. _Books about Books._

(Kegan Paul.)

**HITCHCOCK, F. H. (_Ed._). Building of a Book. 1907.

(Laurie.)

PROCTOR, R. Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum: to 1500. 4 vols. 1898-99.

(British Museum.)

_Copyright_

COPINGER, W. A. Law of Copyright in Literature and Art. 1893.

(Stevens & Haynes.)

**OLDFIELD, L. C. F. Law of Copyright. 1912.

(Butterworth.)

=585.= BIBLIOGRAPHY AND BOOK SELECTION

_Bibliographies of Bibliography_

BRITISH MUSEUM. List of Bibliographical Works in the Reading Room.

(British Museum.)

**COURTNEY, W. P. Register of National Bibliography. 3 vols. 1905-12.

(Constable.)

*HUMPHREYS, A. L. Handbook to County Bibliography: a bibliography of bibliographies relating to the counties and towns of Great Britain and Ireland. 1917.

JOHN CRERAR LIBRARY. List of Bibliographies of Special Subjects. 1902.

(Chicago: John Crerar Library.)

*LANGLOIS, C. V. Manuel de Bibliographie Historique. 2 vols. 1896-1904.

(Paris: Hachette.)

PETZHOLDT, JULIUS. Bibliotheca Bibliographica. 1866.

(Leipzig: Engelmann.)

**STEIN, HENRI. Manuel de Bibliographie Générale. 1897.

(Paris: Picard.)

VALLÉE, L. Bibliographie des Bibliographies. 2 vols. 1883-87.

(Paris: Terquem.)

_General Bibliographies_

*ALIBONE, S. A. Critical Dictionary of English Literature and British and American Authors. With supplement; by J. F. Kirk. 5 vols. 1859-91.

(Philadelphia: Lippincott.)

_American Catalogue of Books._ Vol. 1, 1876 _to date_.

(N. York: Publishers’ Weekly.)

AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. FLETCHER, W. T. (_Ed._). A.L.A. Index. 1905.

(Boston: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

_Bibliographie de la France_: journal général de l’imprimerie et de la librairie. (Annual.)

(Paris: Au Cercle de la Librairie.)

BRITISH MUSEUM. PRINTED BOOKS, DEPARTMENT OF. Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland and Ireland to 1640. 3 vols. 1884.

---- Catalogue of Printed Books. 55 vols. 1882-1905.

*---- FORTESCUE, G. K. (_Ed._). Subject Index of the Modern Works Added to the Library. Vols. 1-5. 1881-1910.

*BRUNET, J. C. Manuel du Libraire. With supplement. 8 vols. 1860-80.

(Paris: Didot.)

**_English Catalogue of Books._ 1835 _to date_.

(Publishers’ Circular.)

GRAESSE, J. G. T. Trésor de Livres Rares et Précieux. 7 vols. 1859-69.

(Dresden.)

HAIN, L. Repertorium Bibliographicum. With supplement; by W. A. Copinger. 6 vols. 1826-98.

KOEHLER. Lager-Verzeichniss Gebundener Bücher, Atlanten, und Musikalien. (Annual.)

(Leipzig.)

*LONDON LIBRARY. Catalogue. Ed. C. T. H. Wright and C. J. Purnell. 2 vols. 1913-14.

(London Library.)

*---- Subject Index of the L.L. Ed. C. T. H. Wright. 1909.

(Williams & Norgate.)

LORENZ, OTTO. Catalogue Générale de la Librairie Française, 1840-1905.

(Paris: Librairie Nilsson.)

**LOWNDES, W. T. Bibliographer’s Manual of English Literature. 6 vols. 1857-64.

(Bell.)

PAGLIAINI, ATTILO. Catalogo Generale della Libreria Italiana dell’anno 1847 a tutto il 1899. 3 vols. 1901-5.

(Milan: Assoc. Tipografico Libreria Italiana.)

PANZER, G. W. Annales Typographici. 11 vols. 1793-1803.

(Nurnberg.)

**PITTSBURGH. CARNEGIE LIBRARY. Classified Catalogue. 8 vols. in 25. 1895-1914.

_Reference Catalogue of Current Literature._ 1874 _to date_.

(Whitaker.)

WATT, ROBERT. Bibliotheca Britannica: a general index of British and foreign literature. 4 vols. 1824.

(Constable.)

=587.= GUIDES TO BOOK SELECTION

_General_

*AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. A.L.A. Book-list: a guide to the best new books. Vol. 1, _to date_. 1905 _to date_.

---- A.L.A. Catalog. 2 vols. 1912.

(Washington: U.S. Gov. Printing Office.)

**ROBERTSON, J. M. Courses of Study. 1904.

(Watts.)

*SONNENSCHEIN, W. S. The Best Books: a reader’s guide to the choice of the best available books. 2 vols. 1910-12. _In progress._

(Routledge.)

**STANDARD BOOKS: an annotated and classified guide to the best books in all departments of literature. 4 vols.

(Nelson.)

_Books for the Young_

BACON, CORINNE (_Ed._). Children’s Catalogue of Two Thousand Books: a guide to the best reading for boys and girls, based on fifty-four selected library lists and bulletins. 1916. _Standard Catalogue Ser._

(N. York: Wilson.)

**FIELD, W. T. Fingerposts to Children’s Reading. 1907.

(Chicago: M’Clurg.)

FINSBURY PUBLIC LIBRARIES. CANNONS, H. G. C. Descriptive Handbook to Juvenile Literature, 1906.

*OLCOTT, F. J. The Children’s Reading. 1912.

(Boston: Houghton, Mifflin Co.)

POTTER, M. E., _and Others_. Children’s Catalog: a guide to the best reading for young people. 1909.

(Minneapolis: Wilson.)

PITTSBURGH. CARNEGIE LIBRARY. Graded and Annotated Catalogue of Books for the Use of the City School. 1900.

---- Catalogue of Books in the Children’s Department. 1909.

_Works of Reference_

BRITISH MUSEUM. PRINTED BOOKS, DEPARTMENT OF. List of Books forming the Reference Library in the Reading Room of the B.M. 2 vols. 1910.

(British Museum.)

*HOPKINS, F. M. Reference Guides that Should be Known and How to Use Them. 1916.

(Detroit: Willard.)

**KROEGER, A. B. Guide to the Study and Use of Reference Books. Ed. 3, by I. G. Mudge; revised and enlarged. 1917.

(Chicago: A.L.A. Publ. Board.)

_Historical Works_

ADAMS, C. K. Manual of Historical Literature. 1888.

(N. York: Harper.)

**GROSS, C. Sources and Literature of English History: to 1485. Ed. 2; revised. 1915.

(Longmans.)

_Fiction_

**BAKER, E. A. Guide to the Best Fiction in English. 1913.

(Routledge.)

**---- Guide to Historical Fiction. 1914.

(Routledge.)

NIELD, JONATHAN. Guide to the Best Historical Novels and Tales. 1904.

(Elkin Matthews.)

_Anonyms and Pseudonyms_

BARBIER, A. A. Dictionnaire des Ouvrages Anonymes. Ed. 3. 4 vols. 1872-78.

(Paris: Daffis.)

**COURTNEY, W. P. Secrets of Our National Literature. 1908.

(Constable.)

**CUSHING, WILLIAM. Anonyms. 2 vols. 1890.

(N. York: Sampson Low.)

*---- Initials and Pseudonyms. 1885.

(N. York: Sampson Low.)

*HALKETT, SAMUEL, and LAING, JOHN. Dictionary of the Anonymous and Pseudonymous Literature of Great Britain. 4 vols. 1882-88.

(Edinburgh: Paterson.)

QUÉRARD, J. M. Dictionnaire des Ouvrages Pseudonymes et Anonymes de la Littérature Française, 1700-1845. 3 vols. 1846.

(Paris: Daffis.)

WELLER, E. Lexicon Pseudonymorum. 2 vols. 1886.

(Regenburg.)

_Book Prices. Sale Records_

_American Book Prices Current._ (Annual.) Vol. 1, 1895 _to date_.

(N. York: Dodd.)

*_Book Auction Records._ (Quarterly.) Vol. 1, 1902 _to date_.

(Karslake.)

**_Book Prices Current._ (Annual.) Vol. 1, 1886 _to date_.

(Stock.)

*CLEGG, JAMES. International Directory of Booksellers’ and Bibliophiles’ Manual. 1899 _to date_.

(Rochdale: Clegg).

_Periodical Indexes_

_Annual Library Index._ 1892 _to date_. (N. York: Publishers’ Weekly.)

**LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. “Subject” Index to Periodicals. Vol. 1. 1915 _to date_.

POOLE, W. F., _and Others_. Index to Periodical Literature. (Quinquennially.) Vols. 1-2, 1802-81 _to date_. 1887 _to date_.

(Kegan Paul.)

_Readers’ Guide to Periodical Literature._ 1900 _to date_.

(N. York: Wilson.)

INDEX

_The Numbers are those of Sections, not Pages. References to individual Bibliographies are omitted._

Abstract stock sheets, 225 Accession, methods, 207-29 ---- rural libraries, 546 ---- school libraries, 513 Accounts, library, 49 Acts of Parliament, General, 1 ---- Special, 2 Adams, W. G. S., _On Library Provision_, 30, 544 Additions, lists of: placard, 289; card, 274-81; bulletin, 264; show-case, 394 Adjustable classification, 240 ---- indicator, 391 ---- periodical list, 474 ---- sheaf catalogue, 286 ---- shelving, 147-48 Adoption of Acts, 4 (_a_) (_b_), 14-21 Advertising, appointments, 69 ---- for architects, 115 ---- for building contracts, 125 Age limits, 350-51 Agenda for committees, 19-23 Agreements, 44-47 Alphabetical-classed catalogue, 257 America. _See_ United States American Library Association, 99 Ancient libraries, bibliography of, 582 Anderson, P. J., 242 Anglo-American catalogue rules, 263 Annotation, 258; bibliography of, 579 Annual report, 61-63 Appliances, rural library, museum of, 548 Application forms, reference, 409 Applications, librarians’, 69 Appointments, assistants, 77-98; librarians, 66-73 Architects, library, 115 Architectural competitions, 115-18 Architecture, library, 107-42; bibliography of, 577 Art galleries, 562-63 Arts, Society of, 341 Assistants, qualifications, appointment, salaries, etc., 77-98; names, 567-69 Assessment to rates and taxes, 37-40 Associations, library, 99-105; bibliography of, 575 _Athenæum_ Subject Index, 191 Attendances, at committee meetings, 22 ---- counting, 478 Attendant, 569 Audit of accounts, 51 Australian library legislation, 7 Author catalogue, 257; entry, 263; marks, 242, 254 Authors, local, 427 Autographs, local, 428

Baillie, G., 18 Balances of rate, 27 Baroda, public libraries, 7 Barometers in libraries, 141 Barriers, 131-35 Bespeaking books, 360 (23), 361 (23) Best books, 181-85 Betting news, “blacking-out,” 462 Bibliographical Society, 103 Bibliographies, 584 Bibliography of bibliography, 586 ---- of library science, 571 Binders for catalogues, 268-90 Binding. _See_ Bookbinding Binding pamphlets, 414 Birmingham, 450 Bishopsgate catalogue, 257 “Blacking-out” betting news, 462 Blank forms, 322 Blind, books for the, 197 Bodleian Library, 262 Bonnange card tray, 279 Bonazzi, 235 Bolton, catalogue, 257 Bookbinding, 331-47; specification, 341; bibliography of, 581 Book cards, 217 ---- cases, 143-54 ---- clubs, 403-04 Book-keeping, library, 49 ---- labels, 227 ---- marks, 344 ---- ordering, 213-14 ---- plates, 219 ---- prices, bibliography of, 587 ---- production, bibliography, 584 ---- rests, 250 ---- selection, 174-206 ---- ---- bibliography of, 586 ---- ---- classification in, 230 ---- ---- for children, 488-90 ---- ---- school libraries, 515 ---- stands, 251-52 Books for librarians, 93 Borrowers, registration, 367-75 Borrowing money for library purposes, 33 _et seq._ Borrowing rights, 352-54 Boston public library, 8 Bournemouth bindery, 333 Bradford, 450 Branch librarian, 80, 569 ---- libraries, 397-400 ---- ---- superintendent of, 79 Bray, Dr T., 8 Brighton library, 392; bindery, 333 Brisbane public library, 7 Bristol bindery, 333 British Museum, 70, 107, 262, 269, 271, 366; catalogue, 257; subject index, 257 Broadsides, mounting, 436 Brooklyn catalogue, 257 Brown, J. D., 235, 239, 240, 262, 391, 395, etc. Brunet, J. C., 235 Budget, annual financial, 30 _et seq._ Buildings, library, bibliography of, 577 ---- ---- legislative provision for, 4 (_d_) ---- ---- specifications and contracts, 124 ---- ---- theory of library plans, 107-23 Bulletins, 264 ---- picture, children’s, 498 Bye-laws, 349-64

Cabinets, card, 274-81 ----, filing, 301, etc. ----, stationery, 324 Canadian library legislation, 7 Card catalogues, 260, 274-81 ---- charging, 378-84 ---- diary, 314 Caretakers, 95 Carnegie, Andrew, Intro., III., 18 Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, 10, 544; rural libraries, 545 Catalogue card, 274-81 ---- codes and rules, 262 ---- copy, 265 ---- display methods, 268-90 ---- forms, 259 ---- page, 269 ---- panoramic, 290 ---- placard, 289 ---- sheaf, 261, 282-88 Cataloguing, bibliography of, 579 ---- children’s books, 503-04 ---- code, Anglo-American, 263 ---- co-operative, 267 ---- local collection, 438 ---- local maps, 441 ---- prints, 439 ---- reference library, 413 ---- rules, 256-67 ---- rural libraries, 546 ---- school libraries, 513 Central lending library for students, 457 Certificate of exemption from payment of rates, 45-48 Chairs, 167-70, 416 Charging methods, 376-96 ---- rural libraries: central, 546; local, 547 ---- school libraries, 514 Chief assistant, 569 Chief librarian, qualifications, appointment, salaries, etc., 65-76; nomenclature, 569 Children, insurance against injury to, 42 Children, work with, Intro., V. (1-2), 482-525 Children’s books, bibliography of, 587 ---- lectures, 496 ---- librarian, 491, 493 ---- rooms, 398, 482 Civics libraries, 445-49 Class-lists, printed, 259 Classed, alphabetical, catalogue, 257 Classes of literature in libraries, 180 Classification, 230-55 ---- Adjustable, 240 ---- bibliography of, 580 ---- children’s books, 503-04 ---- Congress, 238 ---- Decimal, 236 ---- Expansive, 237 ---- guides, 255 ---- library economy, 302 ---- local collection, 437 ---- principles of, 230-34 ---- reference library, 412 ---- rural libraries, 546 ---- Subject, 239 ---- catalogue, 257 Cleaners, 95 Cleaning of buildings, 128 Clerk, 569 ---- of works, 126 Clerkenwell library, 395 Clippings, newspaper, 309, 415 Clocks for libraries, 141 Cloth binding, 336 Clubs, staff, 105 Cockerell, D., 341 Codes, catalogue, 262 Coins, local, 431 Collections, local, 190, 424-44 ---- special, 190 Colonial library legislation, 7, 13 Colours, bookbinding, 338 ---- book-marking, 247 Commercial libraries, Intro., V. (3), 450-59 Commissions, illegal, 46 Committees, appointment, constitution, delegation of powers, agendas, etc., 19-23 ---- school libraries, 508 ---- statistics for, 60 Companies Acts, 6 Concilium Bibliographicum, cards, 260 Conference, Library Association, 100 Congress, Library of, catalogue cards, 260; classification, 238; subject headings, 257 Contracts, 44-46 ---- building, 124 Co-operative cataloguing, 267 Copy for printer, 265 Copyright, bibliography of, 584 Correspondence, filing, 301, etc. Corrupt Practices Act, 46 Cotgreave indicator, 389 Counters, 131-35 County Councils and rural libraries, 544, etc. Covers for books, 337 Crerar, John, library, cards, 260 Croydon, 264, 345, 399; bindery, 334 Cutter, C. A., 262; classification, 237; author-marks, 242 ---- W. P., 237 Cutting of books, 229 Cuttings, newspaper, 415 Cycle accommodation, 139

Decimal classification, 236 Decoration of buildings, 110 Deeds, local, 442 Defaulters, children, 486 Delegation of powers to committees, 21 Delivery stations, 401 ---- at schools, 520 Depositors, 360 (16), 361 (16) Deputy-librarian, 78, 569 Desks, 171-72 Dewey, M., 262; classification, 236 Diary, card, 314 Dictionary catalogue, 257 Diploma of Library Association, 68 _et seq._, 100-01 Discarded books, index, 316 Discarding books, 199-201 Diseases, infectious, notification, 360 (25), 361 (25), 364 District auditors, 51 Dogs in libraries, 139 Donations, 207-09 Doubtful books, 188 Dummies, shelf, 246-48 Dunfermline, Carnegie rural libraries, 545-48 Duplex card tray, 281 Duplicate borrowers’ tickets, 360 (19), 371 Duplicates of popular books, 186 Duplicating machines, 325 Dusting, 328 Dyall indicator, 387

Easels, reading, 166 Education Act, 1918, 84 Education authorities, libraries and, Intro., VI. (3), 509 Educational work of Library Association, 101 Edwards, Edward, Intro., II., 235, etc. Edwards, J. Passmore, 18 Elliott indicator, 388 End-papers, 345 Endowments, 18 Enforcement of rules, 358-59 Engraved records, local, 431 Engravings in libraries, 193 Envelopes, 322 Estimate of expenditure, annual, 29-31 ---- rural libraries, 549 Evaluation of books, 258 Examinations, Library Association, 101 Exchanges between libraries, 405 ---- school libraries, 516 Exhibitions, book and print, 537 ---- children’s, 499 Expansive classification, 237 Expenditure, estimate of annual, 29-31 ---- rural libraries, 549 ---- statistics, 62

Façades, building, 112 Fiction in libraries, 181 ---- bibliography of, 587 Filing, 300-21 ---- newspapers and periodicals, 477 ---- vertical, 213 Finance, library, 26-51 ---- school libraries, 510-11 Fines and penalties, 354 (5), 355 ---- ---- children’s, 486 Finishing, bookbinding, 335-39 Fire-extinguishing apparatus, 41 Fittings, 130-58 ---- children’s library, 487 Folders, filing, 310 Foreign languages, books in, 190 Form classes, 232 Forms, 322 Fulham North Library, 170 Furniture, 159-72 ---- bibliography of, 577 ---- lecture room, 173, 526 ---- reference library, 408 ---- children’s library, 487

Galleries, 156 Gestetner, 325 Gifts, book, 207-09 Gissing, George, 433 Glasgow, 450; joint-technical catalogues, 267. _See also_ Mitchell Library. Gower, Jast, and Topley, 307 Graham indicator, 392 Greenwood, Thomas, 16, 49 Guides, card catalogue, 274 ---- charging system, 384 Guilds, staff, 105

Hampstead catalogue, 257 Handbooks of library economy, 573 Handles for bookcases, 158 Handwriting, library, 265 Harris, 235 Hartwig, 235 Hat rails, 169 Health insurance, staff, 43 Heating of buildings, 128 Hetherington, E. L., 62 Historical books, bibliography of, 587 Hitchler, T., 262 Holiday opening, 356 Home binding, 333 Hopkins, F. M., 418 Hours, children’s library, 491 ---- of libraries, 349 ---- staff, 83-84 Hull bindery, 333

Illustration collection, for children, 498 Illustrations, local, 429 ---- mounting, 436 ---- statistics of, 57 Imaginative literature, 181 Improper books, 188 Income, statistics, 55-63 ---- Tax Act, 37 Index, classification, 232 ---- correspondence, 303 ---- of minutes, 315 ---- of periodicals, 587; L.A., 257 ---- of readers, 422 ---- stationery and supplies, 314 Indexing, 300-21 India Office, 70 ---- legislation, library, 7 Indicators, 386-96 Individual files, 301, etc. Industrial libraries, 450-59 Industries, local, 456 Infectious diseases, notification, 360 (25), 361 (25), 364 ---- ---- school libraries, 518 Information bureaux, 421 Institut International, cards, 260 Insurances, 41-43, 91 Inter-library exchanges, 405 Inventory book, 326-27 Ireland, Libraries Acts, 1 _et passim_ Islington public libraries, 164, 245, 463; _Select catalogue_, 257 Issue charging, apparatus, 382-96 ---- methods, 376-96 ---- ---- school libraries, 514 ---- “privileges,” 533 ---- statistics of, 55-63

Janitors, 95, 569 Jast, L. S., 242, 262, 314, 533; _Classification_, 302 Junior assistants, 86, 569 Juvenile libraries. _See_ Children

Kaiser, J. B., 448 Keys, 328; indexing, 318 Kroeger, A. B., 418, etc.

Label holders, 249 Labelling books, 227 Ladders, 156 Ladies’ rooms, 479 Lambert’s adjustable shelving, 149-50 Lantern, optical, 173 Lantern slides, 195 ---- ---- filing, 311 ---- ---- indexing, 313 ---- ---- use of, 532 Lavatory accommodation, public, 480 Law, library, bibliography of, 576 Leather binding, 337 Lecture room, branch, 398 ---- ---- furniture, 173 Lecturers’ index, 318 Lectures, 526-34; for children, 496 Ledger charging, 377 Leeds, 450 Legality of rules, 358-59 Legislation, library, 1, 10 ---- library, bibliography of, 576 Lending department, accommodation, 118, 121, 122 ---- ---- books for, 189 ---- ---- children’s, 486 ---- ---- rules, 360 (12-19) ---- ---- statistics, 55-63 Lending of reference books, 417 Lessons, library, 501-02 Lettering books, 339-40 Letters, filing, 301, etc. Leyden slip catalogue, 283 Librarian, qualifications, appointment, salaries, etc., 65-76, 569 Librarian, children’s, 491, 493 Librarian, rural libraries, 550 Librarian, school, 514 Librarian’s library, 93, 570-87 Librarians-in-charge, 80, 569 Librarianship, development of, Intro., IV. Library and the school, 506-25 Library appliances, rural, museum of, 548 ---- architecture, bibliography of, 577 ---- Assistants’ Association, 102 Library Association, Intro., IV.-VI., 99, 101 ---- ---- certificates, 68 _et seq._ ---- ---- Conference, 73 (5), 100 ---- ---- definitions of stock, 228 ---- ---- _Index to Periodicals_, 191, 257 ---- ---- _Record_, 360 ---- ---- resolutions, Intro., V. ---- ---- statistics summary, 62-63 ---- Associations, bibliography of, 575 ---- buildings, bibliography of, 577 ---- councils, 81 ---- economy, bibliography of, 570-87 ---- economy library, 93 ---- furniture, bibliography of, 577 ---- history, bibliography of, 582-83 ---- lessons, 501-02 ---- of Congress, classification, 235, 238 ---- of library economy, 570-87 ---- periodicals, bibliography of, 575 ---- policy, bibliography, 572 ---- readings, 535-36 ---- School, London University College, 335 ---- science, bibliography, 571 ---- training, 101 Libraries Acts: municipal, 1-4; non-municipal, 5 ---- directories of, 583 ---- rural, 542-51 ---- Sunday school, 521 ---- teachers’, 522 Lifts, 137 Lighting of buildings, 128 Linderfelt, K. A., 262 Lists, reading, 264 Literary institutions, 6 ---- Societies Act, 37 Liverpool, 450 Loans, 33-36 Local collections, 190, 424-44 Local Government Board, 360 ---- ---- Officers, National Association of, 72 Local industries, 456 Local museums, 552 London Library, _Index_, 257 London School of Economics, Intro., IV. Loose filing, 301, etc. Loose-leaf accession book, 226 Lyster, T. W., 237

MacAlister, J. Y. W., Intro., IV., 371 Magazine room, management, 471-78 ---- ----, rules, 360 (30-33) Magazines, filing, 477 ---- library, 264 ---- selection, 471 ---- sets of, 191 Manchester Public Libraries, 355, 450 Manuscripts, local, 428 Maps, 198 ---- cataloguing, 441 ---- filing, 307 ---- local, 429, 440 Marks on books, 247 Mediæval libraries, bibliography of, 582 Melbourne Public Library, 7 Metropolitan Borough Councils, 21 Minutes, indexing, 315 Missing books, index, 317 Mitchell Library, 168, 172, 269, 334 Modern libraries, bibliography, 583 Mortgages, register of, 35 Mounting, illustrations, prints, etc., 436 Mounts, illustration, 498 Mudie’s Library, 404 Municipal library legislation, 1-4 ---- records, 428 ---- reference libraries, Intro., V. (5), 445-49 Muniments, 428 Museum libraries, 107-08 ---- of library appliances, rural libraries, 548 Museums, 552-63 ---- Acts, 555-57 Museums Association, 103 Music, 192

Names of library positions, 564-69 Natal legislation, 7 National Home Reading Union, 539 Negatives, filing, 312 Nelson “Standard Books,” 202, 204 Newcastle, catalogue, 257 New South Wales legislation, 7 New Zealand legislation, 7 Newspapers, “blacking-out,” 462 ---- filing, 477 ---- fittings, 468-70 ---- local, 426 ---- stands, 466-67 Newsroom, accommodation, 460 ---- children’s, 485 ---- management, 460-61 ---- rules, 360 (30-33) ---- statistics, 59 Non-resident borrowers, 352 Norwich, Intro., II. Notation for books and shelves, 232, 243-44 Notes, book, 258 Nottingham, 482 Novels, 181 Number-books, 215-16 Numbering books, 339-40 Numbers for books, 241

Occupations of readers, 58 Ogle, J. J., Intro., III. Ontario legislation, 7 Open access, 395 ---- ---- barriers, 132-33 ---- ---- books and shelf marking, 243-55 ---- ---- reference library, 409 Opening ceremonies, 127 Orders, book, 213-14 Out-of-print books, 187 Overdues, 475

Page catalogues, 269 Pamphlets, treatment of, 414 Panizzi Club, 103 Panoramic catalogues, 290 Papers, book, 335 Parish registers, 428 Parliament, Houses of, 70 Parliamentary papers, 207 Parochial records, 428 Patent Office, catalogue, 257 Pegamoid, 336 Periodicals, arrangement, 472-74 ---- checks on deliveries, 475 ---- filing, 477 ---- indexes of, 587 ---- indicators, 393 ---- _L.A. Index_, 257 ---- library, bibliography of, 575 ---- racks and tables, 162-65 Perkins, F. B., 235, 262 Perth (W.A.) Public library, 7 Philadelphia, Commercial Museum, 450 Photographic surveys, 433 Photographs, 194; filing, 307 Picture collection, for children, 498 Pittsburgh library, cards, 260; catalogue, 257 Placard catalogues, 289 Plans, library, 115-23 ---- of classification, 244 Platform, lecture room, 526 Porters, 95 Portsmouth bindery, 333 Preliminary Examination, Library Association, 101 Price lists in libraries, 196 Printed catalogue, 259 Printing specifications, 266 Prints, cataloguing, 439; filing, 307; local, 429; mounting, 436 “Privilege” issues, 533 Probationer, 569 Programmes of lectures, 531 Propositions for books, 210 Public and staff, 96 ---- Bodies Corrupt Practices Act, 1889, 46 ---- documents, 207 ---- Libraries Acts, 1-4 ---- ---- methods of adopting, 14-17 ---- rules and bye-laws, 349-64

Queensland legislation, 7 Quick-reference collection, branch, 398 Quinn, J. H., 262

Racks for filing, 155 ---- periodicals, 162-65 Rates, exemption, 37-40 ---- library, 4 (c) Ratepayers’ vouchers, 367-69 Readers, indexes of, 422 ---- statistics of, 55-63 ---- suggestions, 210 ---- tickets, 354 (1) Reading circles, 539 ---- and clubs, children’s, 497 ---- easels, 166 ---- rooms, children’s, 485 ---- tables, 160-61 Reading lists, 264 ---- ---- children’s, 504 ---- ---- lecture, 531 Readings, library, 535-36 Recommendations, readers’, 210 Reconstruction, Ministry of, 457 Records, local, 190, 425 ---- reference, 419 ---- school libraries, 517 ---- statistics, 55-63 Reference accessories, 416 Reference books, 189 ---- ---- bibliography of, 587 ---- ---- lending of, 417 Reference library, 407-59 ---- ---- books, 189 ---- ---- branch, 398 ---- ---- children’s, 485 ---- ---- indexes of readers, 422 ---- ---- records, 419 ---- ---- rules, 360 (7-11) ---- ---- staff, 418 ---- ---- statistics, 55-63 ---- material, municipal, 445-49 ---- _v._ lending library, 366 Regional surveys, 434 Registrar of friendly societies, certificate, 38 Regulations, public, 349-64 Renewal of borrowed books, 360 (21), 361 (21) Repairing books, 334 Replacement of books, 187 Report, Annual, 61-63 Repository, rural libraries, 546 Requisitions for supplies, 44-46 Reserving books, 360 (23), 361 (23) Residences for librarians, etc., 71 Richardson, E. C., 235 Rudolph indexer, 272 Rules and regulations, 348-64 ---- ---- children’s library, 486 ---- catalogue, 262 Rural libraries, 10, 542-51 ---- ---- estimates, 549

Safe-guarded open access, barriers, 131-35 Salaries, librarians, 70 ---- assistants, 90 ---- rural librarians, 550 Savage, E. A., 258, 467 Sayers, W. C. Berwick, 504 Scholars, non-resident, 352 School librarian, 514 School libraries, 506-25 ---- ---- limits of, 484 School of Librarianship, London, Intro., IV., 335 Schools and libraries, 4 (_d_), 6, 506-23 ---- as delivery stations, 520 ---- of science, 6 ---- training, libraries, 522 Scientific institutions, 5-6 Scientific Societies Act, 37 Scotland, Libraries Acts, 1 _et passim_ ---- ---- and education authorities, 10 ---- North, rural libraries, 545-48 Screens, 136 ---- lantern, 173 Selection of books, 174-206 Senior assistants, 87, 569 Shaw, G. T., 308 Sheaf catalogue, 261, 282-88 Shelf arrangement, 230-55; reference library, 412 ---- dummies, 246-48 ---- guides, 250, 255 ---- handles, 158 ---- lists, 255 ---- marking, 243-44 ---- register, 245 ---- steps, 156-58 Shelving, 143-54 Showcases for books, 394 Simplex newspaper rod, 469 Sites, library, 114 Slides, lantern, filing, 311 ---- ---- indexing, 313 ---- ---- use of, 532 Slip catalogue, 261, 282-88 ---- charging, 376-81 Smith, L. P., 235 Societies, lecture, 527 Society of Public Librarians, 103 Sonnenschein, W. S., 204 South African library legislation, 7 Speaking tubes, 138 Special collections, 190 ---- library collections, 420 Specifications, 44-45 ---- printing, 266 Staderini card tray, 280 ---- slip catalogue, 284, 288 Staff, qualifications, grades, appointments, salaries, etc., 65-98 ---- accommodation, 97 ---- bibliography of, 578 ---- guilds, 105 ---- insurance, 43 ---- meetings, 81 ---- reference library, 418 Stamping of books, 221 Standing orders, 22 State papers, 207 Stationery, 322-25 ---- index, 314 ---- Office grants, 208 Statistics, 55-63 ---- bibliography of, 583 ---- school libraries, 517 ---- standardizing of, 62 Statutes, 1-13 Steps, 156-58 Stock, definitions, 228 ---- reference, 407, 411 ---- statistics, 62 Stocktaking index, 317 Stolzenberg file, 301 Story hour, 495 Students’ tickets, 360 (19), 371 Sub-Committees, library, 24 ---- classification, 239 Subject headings, A.L.A., 257 ---- ---- bibliography of, 579 Sub-librarian, 78, 569 Subscription books, 212 ---- departments, 403-04 ---- for library books, 360 (18), 361 (18) Suggestions, readers’, 48, 210 Sunday opening of libraries, 357-63 ---- school libraries, 521 ---- work, 85 Superannuation, 72 Superintendent of branches, 79 Supplies, index, 314 Surgeon-General’s index catalogue, 257 Surveys, photographic, 433 ---- regional and civic, 434 Sydney Public Library, 7, 262

Tables, 160-64 Tags, classification, 241 Tasmanian legislation, 7 Taxes, assessment to, 37-40 Teachers as borrowers, 353 ---- ---- guarantors, 361 Teachers’ libraries, 522 Technical libraries, Intro., V. (4), 455-59 Tedder, H. R., Intro., IV. Telephones, 138 Thermometers in libraries, 141 Thomas, E. C., Intro., IV. Tickets for borrowers, 370-75 “Ticklers,” 314 Tier marking of shelves, 243-44 Time limits for borrowing, 354 (3) ---- sheets, staff, 83-84 Tokens, local, 431 Tracing, 416 Trade libraries, 450-59 ---- catalogues, 196 Training of librarians, 68, 92, 101; of children’s librarians, 493 Training school libraries, 522 Travelling libraries, 402 Trays, card, 274-81 ---- charging, 382-85 Truck for books, 253 Turnstiles, 140 Typewriters, 325 Typography, bibliography, 584

Unexpended balances, 28 United States libraries, _passim_ United States library legislation, 8 University College Library School, Intro., IV., 325 University extension, 527, 550

Vacation, assistants’, 91 ---- librarians’, 73 (4) Vaseline for leathers, 337 Ventilation, 128 Vertical filing, 213, 301, 415 Victoria legislation, 7 Village libraries, 542-51 Voluntary help, children’s library, 500 Voucher forms, 367-69 ---- ---- children’s, 486

Wages, caretakers, 95 Wallasey, 467 Walthamstow catalogue, 257 West Indian grants, legislation, 7 Withdrawn books, indexing, 316 Women librarians and assistants, 94 Women’s rooms, 479 Workers’ Educational Association, 527, 550 Work book, 88 Workshop libraries, 107, 178 Worn-out books, 187 Writing materials, 323

_Printed in Great Britain by Turnbull & Spears, Edinburgh_

=THE ENGLISH CATALOGUE OF BOOKS 1801 TO 1919=

=Giving Author, Title, Subject, Size, Price, Month and Year of Publication, and Publisher of 600,000 Books issued in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The early volumes were published with separate Index Volumes--since 1890 the References and Cross References have been arranged alphabetically in the one volume.=

The following is a complete list of THE ENGLISH CATALOGUE OF BOOKS COVERING A PERIOD OF 119 YEARS, with details and the prices at which copies can be supplied. The Volumes are sold separately or in long or short sets.

~SPECIAL TERMS TO THE TRADE.~

~Period.~ ~Description.~ ~Net Price.~ 1801-36--655 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco. 36,000 Books Recorded £5 5 0 1835-62--67,500 Books Recorded. Quite out of print and scarce. 1863-71--30,000 Books Recorded do. do. do. Index Volume only. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco 2 2 0 1872-80--562 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco. 60,000 Books Recorded 2 2 0 do. With Index in one Volume. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco 3 3 0 do. Index Volume only. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco 1 1 0 1881-89--710 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco. 75,000 Books Recorded 2 12 6 do. With Index in one Volume. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco 4 4 0 do. Index Volume only. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco 1 11 6 1890-97--1180 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. morocco. 60,000 Books Recorded 4 4 0 1898-1900--782 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. mor. 30,000 do. 1 10 0 1901-05--1328 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. mor. 50,000 do. 3 13 6 1906-10--1495 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. sealskin. 50,000 do. 4 14 6 1911-15--1581 pp. Roy. 8vo. Hf. sealskin. 57,500 do. 5 5 0 1916 Annual Volume, out of print. 1917 do. do. 1918 do. 274 pp. Roy. 8vo. Cloth. 8131 Books Recorded 0 10 6 1919 do. (To be published April 1920.)

_ALL ORDERS TO BE SENT TO_ ENGLISH CATALOGUE DEPARTMENT _=The Publishers’ Circular, Ltd.=_ 19 ADAM STREET, STRAND, LONDON, W.C.2

=In All Departments of Library Work LIBRACO LTD. Endeavour to Render Librarians ~the Most Efficient~ Service=

=CARD CATALOGUING.=--“Libraco” Cabinets and Cards are almost exclusively used throughout the Library World. They have gained recognition because every detail has been considered from the Librarians’ standpoint. No other form of Cabinet has the “Libraco” distinctive features--sideless trays, gravity rods, tray catches, adjustable back struts, etc. The “Libraco” Card Indexing Materials are used for--

CARD CHARGING VOUCHER CARD SYSTEM CARD CATALOGUING INDEXING BORROWERS STOCK RECORD AUTHOR CATALOGUE STORES INDEX PERIODICALS LIST, ETC.

=LIBRARY APPLIANCES.=--Libraco Ltd. carry the best and largest stock of appliances for Library work. They have been adopted by numerous British, Foreign, and Colonial Libraries.

=LIBRACO FURNITURE.=--Libraco Ltd. make and supply technically correct equipment for Public Libraries.

Simplicity in design, strength of construction, and durability are the main essentials. With a thorough knowledge of the requirements, every device manufactured by the Company is exactly suited for its purpose.

Libraries are built and equipped for years of service, and the best Furniture and Appliances are in the end the most economical.

LIBRACO Ltd. can furnish designs for all Furniture Fittings and Appliances used in Library Work, and Sketches and Estimates are supplied at any time.

=EXAMPLES OF LIBRACO’S Work may be seen at--=

=NORTH ISLINGTON; WEST ISLINGTON; HAMMERSMITH; HERNE HILL; EASTBOURNE; TWICKENHAM; TEDDINGTON; KINGSTON; LEWISHAM; LEE; FOREST HILL; BROCKLEY; SYDENHAM; CHESHUNT; DEPTFORD; BRENTFORD; ST ALBANS; WOMBWELL; WAKEFIELD; PARK, SHEFFIELD; HILLSBORO, SHEFFIELD; WALKLEY, SHEFFIELD; GOOLE; GOSPORT; GRIMSBY; SHREWSBURY SCHOOL; WYCOMBE ABBEY SCHOOL; CAMBRIDGE MEDICAL SCHOOLS; ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE; BLOEMFONTEIN, SOUTH AFRICA; ETC. ETC.=

SIXTY-TWO _WORKS_ CANNON STREET [Illustration: LIBRACO LTD] WALTHAMSTOW E.C.4 ESSEX

LIBRACO DESKS

LIBRACO Ltd. are manufacturing a very fine line of roll-top and flat-top desks, typewriter drop cabinets, detachable leg tables in various sizes, etc., and will be pleased to send on request illustrated lists.

=A heavily constructed desk with built-up writing bed and deck top. Hardwood sides to drawers. Automatic locking. Pigeon hole fitted with card index drawers, private locker, etc.=

_Prices on application_

COTGREAVE INDICATORS

LIBRACO LTD., having purchased from the liquidators of Cotgreave Indicators Ltd. all their plant, machinery, and stock, are now making all accessories for indicator libraries. Enquiries and orders to be sent to 62 CANNON STREET, E.C.4.

OPEN ACCESS LIBRARIES

It is the purpose of LIBRACO LTD. to fully develop and improve the manufacture of Open Access Library Appliances. The experience gained in the fitting out of the large number of libraries on this system has enabled us to turn out correct equipment in every detail. Librarians should not hesitate to consult us on all matters relating to Open Access--our experience and advice is at their disposal.

=LIBRACO LTD. 62 CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.C.4=

=~Librarians~= will find it to their advantage to send us EARLY copies of all REPLACEMENT lists.

_FINE COPIES_ _FAIR PRICES_ _LARGE RESULTS_

Our speciality “Out of prints” at reasonable prices.

10,000 vols. of FICTION and JUVENILES always in stock.

J. PRESTON & CO., Public Library Booksellers, 77, CLAPHAM PARK ROAD, LONDON, S.W.4. _Telephone--Brixton 1542_.

~THE~ WEEKLY for LIBRARIANS COLLECTORS, BOOKSELLERS AND ALL READERS=

“It caters for collectors, for librarians, and for ‘the trade’; it deals with prints as well as with books; and bibliography, book-buying, ‘forgotten books,’ books fresh from the publisher, literary biography, and all things that come under the very generous classification ‘curiosities of literature’ are adequately treated in its pages by men who know and love their subject.”--_Westminster Gazette._

“‘The Sign of the Open Book’ is an inspiring registration. ‘The Bookman’s Journal and Print Collector,’ issued under that banner, is a gem among weekly periodicals.”--_Daily Express._

_=Send for Specimen Number.=_

_=Subscription 15s. Yearly, Post Free.=_

Lambert’s Standard Library Appliances

Inventor of “PERFECT-ADJUSTING” SHELVING.

CARD CHARGING SYSTEMS for open-access and other libraries.

WICKET FITTINGS for hanging and controlling open-access wickets and other doors. Also “under-floor” working to cross passages, etc.

ADJUSTABLE BOOK-HOLDERS & BOOK-CARRIERS for table or shelf.

PERIODICAL LISTS (adjustable) in all sizes.

“SIMPLEX” NEWSPAPER RODS. The approved modern fitting.

“SIMPLEX” PERIODICAL CLIPS, the handiest fastening.

REVOLVING HOLDERS for illustrated periodicals.

“SIMPLEX” FASTENERS for directories, magazines, bound catalogues, and other book-form publications.

READING EASELS in metal. Holds book open with adaptability of the hand. Economy of table space.

STEPS AND HANDLES. Always ready for use, but not in the way of passers-by.

“SIMPLEX” SHELF LABEL HOLDERS in xylonite.

SHEAF CATALOGUES (single-screw system). The simplest and most easily manipulated form. Uniformity in subsequent supplies.

=_OTHER AND SPECIAL DEVICES MADE_=

The merits of these appliances have been proved by many years of use in the foremost libraries, and numerous librarians can testify to their high qualities.

=Particulars and Prices on application=

Made by the Designer and Manufacturer ARTHUR W. LAMBERT 93 ADDISCOMBE ROAD, CROYDON =(LATE OF CHERRY ORCHARD ROAD)=

PUBLICATIONS FOR LIBRARIANS

=A BRITISH LIBRARY ITINERARY.= By JAMES DUFF BROWN.

=2s. 0d.= net

=GUIDE TO LIBRARIANSHIP.= By JAMES DUFF BROWN.

=3s. 6d.= net

=LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION AND CATALOGUING.= By JAMES DUFF BROWN.

=10s. 6d.= net

=SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION.= By JAMES DUFF BROWN.

=15s. 0d.= net

=BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LIBRARY ECONOMY.= By H. G. T. CANNONS.

=7s. 6d.= net

=MANUAL OF PRACTICAL INDEXING.= By A. L. CLARKE.

=5s. 0d.= net

=MANUAL OF LIBRARY BOOKBINDING.= By HENRY T. COUTTS and GEO. A. STEPHEN.

=10s. 6d.= net

=BOOKS ON THE GREAT WAR:= An Annotated Bibliography of Literature issued during the European Conflict. By F. W. T. LANGE, W. T. BERRY and B. M. VENNER. Preface by R. A. PEDDIE.

Vols. I-III (bound together)

=10s. 6d.= net

Vol. IV

=10s. 6d.= net

=CARDINAL XIMENES: Statesman, Ecclesiastic, Soldier and Man Of Letters.= With an account of the Complutensian Polyglot Bible. By JAMES P. R. LYELL, J.P., F.R.Hist.S.

=10s. 6d.= net

=CONSPECTUS INCUNABULORUM.= By R. A. PEDDIE.