CHAPTER III.

TOMBS.

§ 1. MASTABAS:--Construction of the Mastaba--The Door of the Living, and the Door of the Dead--The Chapel--Wall Decorations--The Double and his Needs--The _Serdab_--Ka Statues--The Sepulchral Chamber

§ 2. PYRAMIDS:--Plan of the Pyramid comprises three leading features of the Mastaba--Materials of Pyramids--Orientation--Pyramid of Khûfû-- Pyramids of Khafra and Menkara--Step Pyramid of Sakkarah--Pyramid of Ûnas--Decoration of Pyramid of Ûnas--Group of Dashûr--Pyramid of Medum

§ 3. TOMBS OF THE THEBAN EMPIRE; THE ROCK-CUT TOMBS:--Pyramid-mastabas of Abydos--Pyramid-mastabas of Drah Abû'l Neggah--Rock-cut Tombs of Beni Hasan and Syene--Rock-cut Tombs of Siût--Wall-decoration of Theban Catacombs--Tombs of the Kings of the Eighteenth Dynasty at Thebes--Valley of the Tombs of the Kings--Royal Catacombs--Tomb of Seti I.--Wall-decorations of Royal Catacombs--Funerary Furniture of Catacombs--Ûshabtiû--Amulets--Common Graves of the Poor