Volume IV. Human Nature.

JOHN LOCKE.

1690 "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding." London. * Edition of Books II and IV (with omissions) preceded by the English version of Le Clerc's "Eloge historique de feu Mr. Locke," ed. M. W. Calkins. Open Court Publishing Co., 1905.

ETIENNE BONNOT DE CONDILLAC.

1754 "Traité des sensations." Paris and London. 1755 "Traité des animaux." Paris and London. * "OEuvres complètes," 23 vols. Edited by Guillaume Arnoux and Mousnier. Paris, 1798. Vol. III. "Traité des sensations." "Traité des animaux."

BARON P. H. D. VON HOLBACH.

1770 "Système de la nature," par M. Mirabaud [really Von Holbach]. * Nouvelle edition avec des notes et des corrections par Diderot. Paris, 1821.

C. A. HELVETIUS.

1758 "De l'esprit." Paris. * "De l'esprit, or Essays on the mind and its several faculties," translated from the French by William Mulford. London, 1810. 1772 "De l'homme, de ses facultés, et de son éducation." 2 vols. London. * "A Treatise on Man; His Intellectual Faculties and His Education," translated from the French, with notes, by W. Hooper, M. D., 1810.

FREDERICK THE GREAT.

* "OEuvres de Frederic II., Roi de Prusse, publiées du vivant de l'auteur." Berlin, 1789: "Eloge de Julien Offray de la Mettrie," Vol. III, pp. 159 ff.

FRANCIS BACON.

* "Sylva Sylvarum, sive Historia Naturalis," transcripta a J. Grutero Lug. Batavor. 1648.

F. A. LANGE.

* "History of Materialism," translated by Ernest Chester Thomas, Boston, 1877.

W. WINDELBAND.

* "History of Philosophy," translated by J. H. Tufts, New York, 1898.

A. W. BENN.

* "History of English Rationalism in the Nineteenth Century." London, 1906. "La Grande Encyclopédie. Inventaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Lettres, et des Arts, par une Société de Savants et de Gens de Lettres." Paris, 1885-1903. "The Encyclopaedia Britannica. A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature." Ninth Edition. "The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia." New York. "Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology," edited by J. M. Baldwin. London and New York, 1901.

NOTES

[1] Il péche evidemment par une pétition de principe.

[2] L'histoire des animaux et des hommes prouve l'empire de la semence des pères sur l'esprit et le corps des enfants.

[3] L'auteur de l'Histoire naturelle de l'âme etc.

[4] L'auteur de l'Hist. de l'âme.

[5] Il y a encore aujourd'hui des peuples, qui, faute d'un plus grand nombre de signes, ne peuvent compter que jusqu'à 20.

[6] Dans un cercle, ou à table, il lui fallait toujours un rempart de chaises, ou quelqu'un dans son voisinage du côté gauche, pour l'empêcher de voir des abîmes épouvantables dans lesquels il craignait quelquefois de tomber, quelque connaissance qu'il eut de ces illusions. Quel effrayant effet de l'imagination, ou d'une singulière circulation dans un lobe du cerveau! Grand homme d'un côté, il était à moitié fou de l'autre. La folie et la sagesse avaient chacun leur département, ou leur lobe, séparé par la faux. De quel côté tenait-il si fort à Mrs. de Port-Royal? J'ai lu ce fait dans un extrait du traité du vertige de Mr. de la Mettrie.

[7] Au moins par les vaisseaux. Est-il sûr qu'il n'y en a point par les nerfs?

[8] Haller dans les Transact. Philosoph.

[9] Boerhaave, Inst. Med. et tant d'autres.

[10] He evidently errs by begging the question.

[11] The history of animals and of men proves how the mind and the body of children are dominated by their inheritance from their fathers.

[12] The author of "The Natural History of the Soul."

[13] The author of "The History of the Soul."

[14] There are peoples, even to-day, who, through lack of a greater number of signs, can count only to 20.

[15] In a company, or at table, he always required a rampart of chairs or else some one close to him at the left, to prevent his seeing horrible abysses into which (in spite of his understanding these illusions) he sometimes feared that he might fall. What a frightful result of imagination, or of the peculiar circulation in a lobe of the brain! Great man on one side of his nature, on the other he was half-mad. Madness and wisdom, each had its compartment, or its lobe, the two separated by a fissure. Which was the side by which he was so strongly attached to Messieurs of Port Royal? (I have read this in an extract from the treatise on vertigo by M. de la Mettrie.)

[16] Haller in the Transact. Philosoph.

[17] "L'histoire naturelle de l'âme," chapters XI, VIII.

[18] "Man a Machine," p. 142. Cf. La Mettrie's commentary on Descartes's teaching in "Abrégé des systèmes philosophiques," OEuvres, Tome 2.

[19] "Abrégé des systèmes, Descartes," p. 6, OEuvres Philosophiques, Tome 2.

[20] "Man a Machine," page 89. Cf. "L'histoire naturelle de l'âme" (or "Traité de l'âme"), OEuvres, 1746, p. 229.

[21] Descartes, "Principles," Part II, Prop. 4.

[22] "Man a Machine," pp. 122-126.

[23] Ibid., p. 142.

[24] Hobbes, "Leviathan," Part III, Chap. 34; Part I, Chap. XII, Open Court Edition, p. 169.

[25] "L'histoire naturelle de l'âme," Chapters III, V, and VI.

[26] "Leviathan," Part I, Chap. I. Cf. "Concerning Body," Part IV, Chap. XXV, 2.

[27] "Man a Machine," pp. 90-91.

[28] "Leviathan," Part I, Chap. VI, Molesworth Ed., p. 40. Cf. "Man a Machine," p. 90.

[29] Ibid., Part I, Chap. IV. Cf. "Man a Machine," p. 103.

[30] Ibid., Part I, Chap. XII.

[31] "Letters to Serena," V, p. 168.

[32] Ibid., p. 196.

[33] Ibid., p. 203.

[34] Ibid., p. 199.

[35] "L'histoire naturelle de l'âme," Chap. V, p. 94.

[36] "Man a Machine," p. 139.

[37] "Man a Machine," p. 140.

[38] "Letters to Serena," V, p. 227.

[39] Ibid., V, p. 234.

[40] John Locke, "Essay Concerning Human Understanding," Book I,