PART I
FOUNDATION AND OBJECT
Return A.—A statement of the date, ascertained or probable, of the foundation of the Company, and of the circumstances, so far as they can be discovered from its documents of foundation or archives, in which the Company had its origin.
Return B.—A list of the charters, charters of inspeximus, and other instruments of a similar nature whether originals or copies, which have been at any time in the possession of the Company, together with an abstract of the purport of each, regard being specially had to any evidence which it may contain as to the object of the foundation of the Company.
Return C.—A list of any trust deeds “founding, regulating, or affecting” the Company, with the date of each, the names of the parties thereto, and an abstract of the purport of each.
Return D.—A list with dates of any “decrees of Court,” whether of the Courts of Common Law or of Chancery, or of any acts of the Courts of Aldermen or of Common Council, “regulating or affecting” the Company, with a statement of the effect of each decision.
Return E.—A list of any other documents, not included in the descriptions in the preceding returns, which “found, regulate, or affect” the Company, with dates and an abstract of the effect of each.
Return F.—A concise history of the Company from the time of its foundation to the present day, with special reference to the inquiry contained in the commission as to “the objects for which the Company was founded,” and “how far those objects are now being carried into effect.”
Return G.—Has the Company a licence in mortmain? When was such licence granted (referring to the document by description)? What is its extent, and to what extent is it now unexhausted?
Return H.—Is there vested in the Company and how, whether by charter, statute, order of the Court of Aldermen, act of Common Council, or otherwise, any right of exercising superintendence over or any duty or discretion to encourage in any way any and what art, trade, or business? State the nature and local limits of such control. In what manner and to what extent is such control now exercised? If such control is not now exercised, state the circumstances under which its exercise has fallen into desuetude.
Return I.—A list of the charities, eleemosynary, educational or otherwise, which are under the management of the Company, stating in each case the name of the founder, the date and nature of the benefaction, its original and its present value as regards both capital and income, and the purposes to which the funds have been applied for each of the last preceding ten years.
The returns of the twelve Great Companies have been published (1884) in a Blue Book. I had prepared at first to transcribe certain portions of these returns from each Company; but the information after all belongs to bodies which are private rather than public. One can understand that a Company may on the whole desire not to set forth all its sources of income, nor its methods of expenditure. The Company of Grocers indeed entered their protest against an inquiry by the Crown, “without the authority of Parliament, into what has been judicially declared to be private property,” as being “without precedent, arbitrary, and a breach of the liberties of the subject.” Moreover, the returns are so voluminous that even an abridgment of the figures would occupy far more space than it is possible to give. They may therefore remain in the Blue Book open for the examination of any person curious to read them, and competent to understand them. For the purpose of this work an epitome of the history of each Company, and of the privileges of a Liveryman will be quite sufficient. And for these I am indebted mainly to the Report of the Commission.
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
The following is the chronological order in which the various Companies obtained their charters of Incorporation. It will be observed that the weavers claim to becoming a Corporate Body in 1154; that in the fourteenth century there are 6 Companies incorporated; in the fifteenth there are 19; in the sixteenth there are 15; in the seventeenth there are 37; and in the eighteenth, 2.
1154. Weavers.
1233. Parish Clerks.
1327. Goldsmiths.
„ Skinners.
„ Merchant Taylors.
1394. Saddlers.
1399. Fishmongers.
1415. Cutlers.
1417. Haberdashers.
1428. Grocers.
1429. Cordwainers.
„ Drapers.
1437. Vintners.
„ Brewers.
1444. Leather Sellers.
1448. Girdlers.
1453. Armourers and Brasiers.
1461. Barbers.
1462. Tallow Chandlers.
1464. Ironmongers.
1471. Dyers.
1472. Musicians.
1474. Pewterers.
1477. Carpenters.
1481. Cooks.
1483. Wax Chandlers.
1501. Coopers.
1501. Plasterers.
1504. Poulterers.
1509. Bakers.
1515. Inn-holders.
1522. Carmen.
1527. Clothworkers.
1536. Fishmongers.
1556. Stationers.
1561. Broderers.
1568. Tylers and Bricklayers.
„ Girdlers.
1571. Blacksmiths.
1580. Joiners.
1581. Painters.
1604. Felt Makers.
„ Turners.
1605. Gardeners.
„ Shipwrights.
1606. Fishermen.
„ Curriers.
„ Fruiterers.
„ Butchers.
1611. Plumbers.
1614. Founders.
1617. Scriveners.
„ Apothecaries.
1618. Glaziers.
1621. Bowyers.
1626. Upholders.
„ Combmakers.
1628. Playing-card Makers.
1629. Spectacle Makers.
1631. Silkmen.
„ Clockmakers.
1637. Gunmakers.
1638. Soapmen.
„ Hatband Makers.
„ Horners.
„ Distillers.
„ Glovers.
1656. Needlemakers.
1657. Framework-knitters.
1663. Pipemakers.
1664. Glass Sellers.
1670. Tin-plate Workers.
„ Wheelwrights.
„ Pattenmakers.
1677. Masons.
„ Coachmakers.
1684. Farriers.
1693. Gold and Silver Wyre Drawers.
1709. Fanmakers.
1711. Loriners.
ORDER OF PRECEDENCE
In the year 1532, the Companies were placed at the Mayor’s Feast in the Guildhall in the following order:—
1. Mercers.
2. Grocers.
3. Drapers.
4. Fishmongers.
5. Goldsmiths.
6. Skinners.
7. Merchant Taylors.
8. Vintners.
9. Ironmongers.
10. Merchant Haberdashers.
11. Salters.
12. Dyers.
13. Leathersellers.
14. Pewterers.
15. Cutlers.
16. Armourers.
17. Wax Chandlers.
18. Tallow Chandlers.
19. Shiremen.
20. Fullers.
21. Sadlers.
22. Brewers.
23. Scriveners.
24. Butchers.
25. Bakers.
26. Poulterers.
27. Stationers.
28. Inn-holders.
29. Girdlers.
30. Chirurgeons.
31. Founders.
32. Barbers.
33. Upholders.
34. Broderers.
35. Bowyers.
36. Fletchers.
37. Turners.
38. Cordwainers.
39. Painter-stainers.
40. Masons.
41. Plumbers.
42. Carpenters.
43. Pouchmakers.
44. Joiners.
45. Coopers.
46. Glaziers.
47. Linen Drapers.
48. Woodmongers.
49. Curriers.
50. Foystors.
51. Grey Tanners.
52. Tylers.
53. Weavers.
54. Blacksmiths.
55. Loriners.
56. Spurriers.
57. Wire Sellers.
58. Fruiterers.
59. Farriers.
60. Bladesmiths.
In Stow and Strype, 1755, there is a list of that date:—
Mercers. Grocers. Drapers. Fishmongers. Goldsmiths. Skinners. Merchant Taylors. Haberdashers. Salters. Ironmongers. Vintners. Clothworkers. Dyers. Brewers. Leather Sellers. Pewterers. Barbers. Cutlers. Bakers. Wax Chandlers. Tallow Chandlers. Armourers. Girdlers and Pinners. Butchers. Sadlers. Carpenters. Cordwainers. Apothecaries. Painter-stainers. Curriers. Masons. Plumbers. Inn-holders. Founders. Poulterers. Cooks. Coopers. Tilers and Bricklayers. Bowyers. Fletchers. Blacksmiths. Joiners. Weavers. Woolpackers. Woodmongers. Scriveners. Fruiterers. Plaisterers. Stationers. Embroiderers. Upholders. Musicians. Turners. Basketmakers. Glaziers. Farriers. Loriners. Paviors. Bottlemakers and Horners. Glovers. Felt Makers. Long Bowstring Makers. Watermen. Silk-Throwsters. Starchmakers. Pinmakers. Clockmakers. Spectacle Makers. Combmakers. Parish Clerks. Surgeons. Card Makers. Carmen. Coachmakers. Distillers. Fanmakers. Fishermen. Frame-knitters. Gardeners. Glassmakers. Gold and Silver Wire-drawers. Gunsmiths. Hatband Makers. Needlemakers. Pattenmakers. Porters. Shipwrights. Silkmen. Soapmakers. Tin-plate Workers. Tobacco-pipe Makers. Wheelwrights. Woolmen.
(Stow, vol. ii. pp. 335-336.)
Comparing the two lists we find in them changes of no great importance in the order. The Dyers, for instance, are twelfth; the Fullers, Chirurgeons, Foystors, Grey Tanners, Spurriers and Wire Sellers have gone; and there are only sixty in the former to ninety-three in the latter list.
If we compare the second list with that at the present time, we find that no new Companies have been formed, but that the following have disappeared from the list:—
Woolpackers. Woodmongers. Long Bowstring Makers. Silk-Throwsters. Starchmakers. Pinmakers. Combmakers. Surgeons. Carmen. Fishermen. Hatband Makers. Porters. Silkmen. Soapmakers. Tobacco-pipe Makers.
ASSOCIATIONS WHICH HAVE DISAPPEARED.
Good service has been done to the history of City Gilds, Fraternities, and Associations by Hazlitt in his list of “Voluntary Associations which have disappeared.” The voluntary associations include, however, a great many which were gilds and even chartered companies, _e.g._ the Parish Clerks, incorporated as a Fraternity by Henry III., and as a Company by James I. I subjoin a mere list, referring the reader to Hazlitt for his historical notes.
White and Brown Bakers. Bladesmiths and Bladers. Blockmakers. Bracelers or Bracemakers. Burillers. Cappers. Carmen. Cheesemongers. Combmakers. Orders of the Ropery. Free Fishermen. Forcers or Casketmakers. Fullers. Furbishers. Gardeners. Hatband Makers. Hatters. Heamers. Histolen and Haymongers. Hurers, Hurriers or Milliners. Linen Drapers. Marblers. Parish Clerks. Pepperers. Pinners. Planers. Porters. Pouchmakers. Pursers or Glovers Pursers. Shearman or Returnders. Sawyers. Sheathers. Shivers. Silkmen. Silk-throwers or Throwsters. Soapers. Spicers. Spurriers. Starchmakers. Stockfishmongers. Stringers. Surgeons. Tapissers. Grey Thwyers or Tanners. White Thwyers. Tobacco-pipe Makers. Vinegar Makers. Watermen. Woodmongers. Woolpackers.
In the body of the book are incorporated accounts of all those Companies which have Halls. These accounts are given as the Halls are met with in perambulation. Below there follows a complete list of all existing Companies, whether with or without Halls, page references being given to those already described.
_The Apothecaries._ See p. 204.
_The Bakers._ See p. 274.
_The Armourers._ See p. 65.
_The Barbers._ See p. 88.
BASKETMAKERS
This Company is interesting because it has no charter, but is a Fraternity “by Prescription,” as Maitland says. It is not one of those mentioned in Stow’s list as having been present at the Mayor’s Feast of the year 1532. And Strype, though he includes it among the Companies, gives no account of it. The association was recognised by the Mayor’s Court, 1569, and again in 1602-1603. It was also one of the Companies which subscribed to the Irish Estate in 1615. There is no Hall. The number of the Livery is limited to 30. The Company stated to the Commissioners that they have never been in possession of houses, lands, or other property.
THE BLACKSMITHS
This craft, like that of the Basketmakers, is one of the earliest arts learned by man after the discovery of the metals. The Fraternity of the Blacksmiths must, therefore, have existed from the time when workmen first began to work together and to form associations. The trade is gregarious. It requires the collective labour of several to conduct the furnace, to beat and to mould the metal, to design, to shape the metal in the rough, to make the instruments, etc. As the Blacksmiths are not enumerated among the “adulterine” Gilds under Henry II., we may conclude that they were recognised as of long standing even then.
In the year 1372 (Riley’s _Memorials_, p. 361) “the reputable men of the Trade” delivered to the mayor and aldermen their Articles. We learn from these that the places of sale or market for blacksmiths was Gracechurch Street, the Pavement by St. Nicholas Fleshambles (Newgate Street), or near the Tun upon Cornhill; that every Master should place his mark upon his work; and that no one was to be free of the trade till he could show that he was able to follow it.
This Company is reputed to have been incorporated by prescription by King Edward III. in the year 1325.
It was incorporated by charter, and united to the Spurriers by Queen Elizabeth in the year 1571, under which charter, confirmed by King Charles I. in the year 1639, power was given to make bye-laws; certain bye-laws so made were confirmed by the Lord Treasurer and by the Chief Justices of the King’s Bench, and the Common Pleas, December 1640, and under such charter and bye-laws the Company is now, as far as the usages of the present day permit, carried on.
By the charter of King Charles I., “power to make reasonable laws and ordinances in writing for the good rule, governing, and correcting of the freemen of the said arts or mysteries within the City of London and four miles of the said City.”
Maitland, writing in 1750, says: “They have a pleasant Hall in Lambeth Hill.”
The Company has now no Hall; its Corporate Income is about £700; its Trust Income is £136; the number of its Livery is 98.
THE BOWYERS
The making of bows, like the use of the smithy, was so ancient that there must have been a Fraternity of Bowyers in very early times. They existed as a Company by prescription, and, which is strange, they received no charter of incorporation until the year 1620, when bows and arrows were quite superseded by firearms.
Riley tells us that in the year 1871 (_Memorials_, p. 348) the Bowyers and the Fletchers (Makers of Arrows) entered into a friendly understanding that they would not meddle with the trade of each other, excepting four men named, who would not assent and stood out. These were brought before the mayor and explained that they had apprentices to both crafts; that they had orders in both kinds to execute; and that they asked for time, which was granted with a warning.
If bows are useless without arrows they are equally so without strings. In the year 1416 (Riley, _Memorials_, p. 435) the “reputable men of the trade of Stringers,” _i.e._ Bowstring Makers, waited on the mayor; they represented the necessity of looking after the workmanship of bowstrings, and they prayed for leave to appoint Wardens of their own with power to inspect the trade, which was granted. By these examples we perceive that there were Companies which were recognised by the City, and continued working together with authority over the trade for centuries. It is not clear whether they had the right of holding property. But they could, and did, impose penalties and fines upon evildoers in their trade.
The following is from the Royal Commission:
The Company has a charter dated the 25th May 1621, which was confirmed by another dated the 17th November 1668.
The following is an abstract of the purport of these charters:—
1. The style of this Company is the Master, Wardens, and Society of the Mystery of Bowyers of the City of London.
2. James I. by his charter reciting that the Bowyers of the City of London using the art or mystery of making of long bows, were an ancient Fraternity in the City, but who had fallen into decay, and that the king being willing as much as in him did lie to restore the ancient and laudable exercise of archery with the long bow unto the end that the said Fraternity might with better encouragement practise their trade grants, that the Bowyers of London, and all and every person and persons then using or who shall thereafter use the mystery of making long bows in the City of London and liberties thereof, and being freemen of the said City, and then free of the said Fraternity, or hereafter to be made free, should be a body politic and corporate by the before-mentioned name or style.
The charter grants that they shall be governed by one Master, two Wardens, and thirteen Assistants, and the first Master, Wardens, and ten of the first Assistants are thereby named and appointed the first Master and Wardens, to continue in office until the Thursday next after the feast of St. James the Apostle, 1622, and from thence until others should be elected pursuant to the charter; and the Assistants, during their natural lives, or until removed, and for the future election of these officers is granted that the Master, Wardens, and Assistants, or the greater part of them from time to time thereafter, upon Thursday next after the feast of St. James the Apostle, 1622, may nominate and choose one fit person of the Assistants to be Master and two to be Wardens, who are to execute their offices for two whole years thence next ensuing, and in case of death or removal otherwise to be chosen within fourteen days.
The charter gives to the Wardens and Assistants power to elect a clerk and beadle to hold office during pleasure.
The charter further declares that all freemen of the Company, and all persons of the Mystery within three miles of the City of London and the suburbs thereof, shall be contributory to the Company, and shall also pay a quarterage of 8d. per quarter or 2s. 8d. per year. This charter, or the enrolment thereof, was exemplified and confirmed by Charles II.
The charter gives the power of making bye-laws to the Master, Wardens, and Assistants, or the greater part of them.
The Bowyers are now a small Company with a Livery of 25; an Income of £550; property on Trust valued at £40 a year.
It is interesting to note that so little was the decline in the use of the bow understood in the sixteenth century that in the year 1560 a fixed price was imposed on the bow, viz. of 6s. 8d. each for the best, 3s. 4d. for the second best, and for the inferior qualities 2s.
The Company formerly had a Hall by “the corner of Monkswell Street,” according to Stow; but according to Strype it was upon St. Peter’s Hill, in the ward of Castle Baynard. After the Fire, he says, the Bowyers met in some public-house for the conduct of their affairs. The _City Directory_ says their Hall formerly stood in Noble Street, and was destroyed in the Great Fire.
_The Brewers._ See p. 74.
BRODERERS
The first charter of the Broderers or Embroiderers was granted by Elizabeth in 1561. This was confirmed by James I., and the Company was re-incorporated by James II. in 1686. At one time during the reign of Charles I. the trade in embroidery was at so low an ebb that a “great part of the Company for want of employment are constrained to become porters, water-bearers, and the like.”
The Company’s Hall was formerly in Gutter Lane.
_The Butchers._ See p. 355.
THE CARDMAKERS
This Company was incorporated under Charles I., 1629, as the Master, Warden, and Commonalty of the Mystery of Makers of Playing-Cards of the City of London. It is governed by a Master, 2 Wardens, and 18 Assistants. The whole Income of the Company is £50; the number of the Livery is 100; there are no Trust monies or charitable endowments; and there is no Hall.
THE CARMEN
The Carmen were made into a Fellowship by an Act of Common Council in 1665. They have no Hall.
_The Carpenters._ See p. 143.
THE CLOCKMAKERS
The Company was incorporated by charter of King Charles I., dated August 22, 1631.
This original charter is still possessed by the Company. By it all persons using the Art or Mystery of Clockmaking, freemen of London, or otherwise, within the City, its liberties or suburbs, or within ten miles thereof, are incorporated by the name of the Master, Wardens, and Fellowship of the Art or Mystery of Clockmaking of the City of London, with power to make bye-laws for the government of its own members and the regulation of the art, for the punishment of deceits and offences, to seek for, examine, and destroy faulty and deceitful work of clock- and watchmakers or mathematical instrument makers within the same limits.
The Company has no Hall. The want of a Hall was constantly complained of from the beginning, but the omission was never repaired. The Livery consists of 71. Their property is about £930, with a Trust Income of about £172.
_The Clothworkers._ See p. 276.
_The Coachmakers._ See p. 85.
THE COOKS
The official history is as follows:—
In consequence of the early records of the Company being destroyed by fire, the date of its foundation is not known, and from the existing documents in the Company’s possession its origin cannot be shown.
By inspeximus charter of George III. it appears that King Edward IV., in the twenty-seventh year of his reign, granted unto his well-beloved subjects the honest and freemen of the Mystery of Cooks of the City of London, that they and all men of the same mystery should be in substance and name one body, and one commonalty perpetual, with power to make two Masters or Governors with the aid of two Wardens and Assistants to govern the affairs of the mystery, and to have a common seal, and to hold meetings, and to make laws and vary the same for the government of the mystery.
By reference to the charter it will appear that power is given to the Masters or Governors to exercise superintendence and jurisdiction over every member of the mystery and the works of such; the local limits of the same are defined by the charter to be within the Cities of London and Westminster, their suburbs and liberties, and four miles’ compass thereof. Such control, owing to a late decision in a court of law, has fallen into abeyance.
The Livery is now 69; the Corporate Income is £2380; the Trust Income is £180. There is now no Hall; their old Hall, which escaped the Great Fire “by the space of a few houses,” was burned down in 1711 and never rebuilt. It stood on the east side of Aldersgate Street, facing Little Britain. At that time there was a passage leading beneath the houses in Aldersgate Street to the Hall, which was “ancient and of small compass.” Behind the Hall a garden and open land stretched toward a wide space where once had been the ditch without the City wall. In the fire of 1711 all the early papers of the Company perished, together with their charter. The Cooks’ Gild formerly included the Pastelers or Pie-bakers, as one would expect. Stow calls them Cooks or Pastelars.
_The Coopers._ See p. 68.
_The Cordwainers._ See p. 252.
_The Curriers._ See p. 74.
_The Cutlers._ See p. 324.
THE DISTILLERS
Incorporated by Charles I., 1638, for a Master, 3 Wardens, 19 Assistants, and 122 Liverymen. It is obvious that this is a comparatively modern Company. It has no Hall. The Livery numbers 55. There is no return of income by Whitaker. Hazlitt states that the Company possesses the freehold of a piece of land intended as a site for a Hall, together with certain accumulated funds. The Company refused to make any return to the Royal Commission.
_The Drapers._ See p. 142.
_The Dyers._ See p. 240.
THE FANMAKERS
Incorporated by Queen Anne, 1709, for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 20 Assistants. The Fanmakers have neither Livery nor Hall.
This Company, the youngest of all, is returned as having a Livery of about 120 members, with an Income of £150.
THE FARRIERS
The Farriers of London were erected into a mystery by the Court of Mayor and Aldermen in the year 1356. Among the City records is an entry made in this year (Libro G. Fol. XXX.), acknowledging the said Company or Fellowship by the name of the “Marshals of the City of London,” and giving them power to govern the said craft of Farriers.
When we first hear of them thus, the mayor complains of them for “false work,” and appoints two Master Farriers with authority to oversee and govern the whole trade. They have therefore as yet no power of governing themselves, but are under the control of the mayor.
The charter of the Company was granted by Charles II., January 17, 1684, investing the Company with power and jurisdiction for the well ordering and governing of the art and trade of the Brotherhood of Farriers, and all who use or should use the same, within the Cities of London and Westminster, and the liberties thereof, and within a radius of seven miles.
Beyond the deeds and documents hereinbefore referred to, there are no trust deeds founding, regulating, or affecting the Company.
Bye-laws, rules, orders, and ordinances were approved by the judges, January 29, 1676. Livery specially restored by Court of Aldermen, June 23, 1692. Regulated by Act of Common Council, December 12, 1758.
In the Great Fire of 1666 most of the books and papers of the Company were destroyed. The object for which the Company was founded was rigorously exercised until very recent years, but latterly, owing to the alterations in the habits of society and the increase of population, the Company have not deemed it expedient to enforce their rights, although at the same time they have not abandoned any part of their controlling power.
The Livery now numbers 101; the Corporate Income is £240; there is no Trust Income.
THE FELT MAKERS
Incorporated by James I. in 1604 for a Master, 4 Wardens, and 25 Assistants, with a Livery of 60.
The Company was a branch of the Haberdashers. They were a separate association long before they received a charter. As a Company they have always been one of the least important. The Livery numbers 65. The Corporate Income “varies,” and the Trust Income is £126. There is no Hall.
THE FISHERMEN
Incorporated by James II. in 1687. There is no history of the Company so far as I know. They were the Free Fishermen of the Thames. They had neither Hall nor a Livery. I suppose that the rights of the Thames Conservancy were such that the Fishermen had none left for them. In other words, their trade was regulated by the City authorities, which ordered times and seasons, the size of the nets, etc., while the Fishmongers Company regulated the sale of the fish. The reckless destruction of the young fry, for instance, the pulling up of weirs, and the use of narrow nets were practices denounced by the City on many occasions. In the ordinances of 1528 concerning the Thames fishery there is no mention of any Company or Fraternity of Fishermen. In 1698, eleven years after the Company was incorporated, an Act of Parliament ordered that these bye-laws should be submitted to the mayor and aldermen, that the water bailiff of the City should retain the power of granting licences for fishing in the river, and that he should have the right of being one of the Wardens of the Company. And in the year 1741, when other ordinances were made for the protection of the fishery, no mention is made of the Company at all.
_The Fishmongers._ See p. 259.
THE FLETCHERS
The Fraternity of Fletchers or Arrowmakers (Fr. _flèche_) must be of antiquity equal to that of the Bowyers, because bows and arrows are of little use without each other. The Company can show no charter or any early document.
It is probable that the Company was founded in the fifteenth century, inasmuch as the grant of arms which is in its possession is dated in the seventh year of Edward IV. None of the circumstances connected with the foundation of the Company are known. It was founded by prescription and not by grant.
In the year 1371 the Bowyers and the Fletchers came to an understanding that they would refrain from interfering with each other, that the Bowyers shall make bows and the Fletchers arrows. In 1403 the ordinance of the Fletchers was proclaimed in the name of the mayor and aldermen. This ordinance gave the Masters of the trade authority to oversee the trade and make search for bad work.
Previously to the reign of Henry VII. it obtained a Livery, and in that reign obtained a crest to its then ancient coat-of-arms. In point of precedence it is the 39th Company of the City. No charter can now be discovered, and the ancient books of the Company are supposed to have been destroyed by fire. The oldest entry in connection with the cash accounts of the Company now in its possession is dated January 25, 1775; in connection with its proceedings, January 26, 1767; admission of freemen, February 6, 1732: all these accounts have since been regularly continued up to the present time. Numerous entries of very ancient dates respecting this Company are to be seen in the journals and repertories of the Corporation of London. They principally relate to differences between this Company and the Bowyers, returns of the number of the Livery, and the employment of foreigners. The Company has not a common seal. The Wardens and Court of Assistants are the ruling body, and they fill up their vacancies as they occur.
The Company is now very small. There are only 16 in the Livery; their Corporate Income is no more than £100; and they have no Hall. They once, it is true, had their own Hall. It was situated in St. Mary Axe.
_The Founders._ See p. 115.
FRAMEWORK-KNITTERS
The Framework-knitters made stockings of silk or other work in “a frame or engine.” They were therefore a modern craft incorporated first by a charter of Cromwell in 1657, and afterwards by Charles II., 1673, after about a hundred years of work at their trade without incorporation. The Company was to consist of a Master, 2 Wardens, 18 Assistants, and 82 Liverymen. The Company has no document in its possession which states this.
The charter under which the Company is now constituted is dated August 19, 1663, and is the only charter or instrument of that nature which is now or has for the past fifty years been in the possession of the Company.
At present the number of the Livery is 100; their Corporate Income is £310; their Trust Income is £130; they have no Hall. Their former Hall, which stood in Red Cross Street, was sold to the Corporation.
THE FRUITERERS
The date of the foundation of the Company or Society of the Fruiterers is uncertain, but they were incorporated by charter, granted by King James I. in the third year of his reign “for the better order, government, and rule of them,” by the name of “Master, Wardens, and Commonalty of the Mystery of Fruiterers of London,” with perpetual succession and power “to purchase, have, receive, and enjoy manors, messuages, lands, tenements, liberties, privileges, jurisdictions, franchises, and other hereditaments” “to them and their successors in fee and perpetuity,” or for years or otherwise; “and also all manner of goods, chattels, and things whatsoever,” with power to grant, let, alien, assign, etc., and to sue and be sued, and to have a common seal. And that there should be a Master, and 2 Wardens, and 5 or more of the said Company, not exceeding 20, to be called the Assistants of the said Company, with power to make bye-laws for the good rule and government of the said Corporation.
Bye-laws were afterwards made, and they were allowed by the Lord Keeper and Chief Justices in 1759.
These bye-laws relate chiefly to the constitution of the Court of the Company. There are also regulations (long since obsolete) affecting the trade, and some rules as to apprentices.
The present number of the Livery is 90; their Income is stated to be £90 a year; and they have no Hall. Strype, 1720, vol. i. bk. iii. p. 13, asserts that the Fruiterers had a Hall in premises rebuilt on the site of Worcester House; the Fruiterers Company, however, agree with Hatton, 1709, and Maitland, 1756, in stating that the Company had no Hall after the Fire.
This little Company is chiefly known by their custom of presenting the Lord Mayor, on October 7 every year, with an offering of English fruit. The custom is said to have arisen in memory of the commutation of an old civic right to a toll on all fruit brought into the City. The Company also came forward some years ago in giving lectures on the culture of fruit.
THE GARDENERS
Incorporated by James I., 1606, for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 18 Assistants. There is no return of property; the Livery now consists of 44 members. They have no Hall. The gardens of London have always until the last two hundred years been a remarkable feature of the City, which, in its northern and less densely populated parts, was filled with gardens and trees, amidst which the industries of the City were carried on; and many of the crafts had their Halls. It is quite certain that some form of Fraternity or Gild must have been formed among the large class of gardeners who cultivated these grounds. Stow, however, gives no account of them. Their existence, however, is clearly indicated by Riley (_Memorials_, p. 228), when he produces the petition of the “Gardeners of the Earls, Barons, Bishops and Citizens” of London. The petition set forth that they were formerly entitled to stand in front of the Church of St. Augustine, by the gate of St. Paul’s, “there to sell the garden produce of their said masters and make their profit.” Were the Earls, Barons, and Bishops, then, market-gardeners? If not, did the gardeners cultivate the land for their own exclusive profit? “And they prayed permission to continue the custom.” The mayor and aldermen resolved in reply that they had made themselves so great a nuisance by their “scurrility and clamour” while the priests of St. Augustine were singing mass that the permission must be withdrawn, and that they must set up their market in the space between the south gate of St. Paul’s Churchyard and the garden wall of the Black Friars, in other words, on the space between Godliman Street and St. Andrew’s Hill, not nearly so central a spot as that which they had formerly used.
There are other references in Riley to gardens. There was one called the King’s Garden, near the Hermitage in London Wall. And in 1276 there is the case of a man who fell from a pear-tree in the garden of one Lawrence, in the parish of St. Michael, Paternoster Royal, then, as now, the most crowded part of the City. There is also given the lease of a “garden situate in Tower Ward, near London Wall.” Since there was an open space all along the wall in which houses were not allowed to be built, this space was without doubt mainly devoted to gardens, just as the north bank of the ditch became afterwards a row of what we should now call allotments, cultivated for vegetables and fruit.
_The Girdlers._ See p. 67.
GLASS SELLERS
Another little Company incorporated by Charles II., 1664, for a Master, 2 Wardens, 24 Assistants, and 44 Liverymen. The present number of Liverymen is 38; their Corporate Income is _nil_; and their Trust Income, the interest on a sum of £800.
THE GLAZIERS
Founded by Royal Charter of King Charles I., 1631, dated November 6, after stating that the ancient Fraternity of the Mystery or Art of Glaziers, London, had theretofore made many good orders for the regulating themselves and their trade which had from time to time been improved and enlarged in the reigns of several princes, but that they were not sufficiently incorporated: The said charter incorporated the then present freemen of that trade within the City of London and five miles compassing the same, into one body corporate or politic by the name of the Wardens and Commonalty of the Mystery or Art of Glaziers and Painters of Glass, with power to make rules and orders for the good government of their society, and to impose punishment by fine, or otherwise, upon offenders.
The foregoing charter appears to have been surrendered in the first year of the reign of King James II., and thereupon a new charter was issued for the same purpose.
The present Livery numbers 60; its Corporate Income is about £260; its Trust Income is £46.
The Hall was situated before the Great Fire in Maiden Lane, then Kerion Lane. There is no difficulty in locating the site on the south side, next to the Church of St. Martin-in-the-Vintry, upon what is now in part the roadway of Queen Street. No. 11 Maiden Lane stands upon land once adjoining, if not actually part of, the old Hall site. The Glaziers did not rebuild their Hall after 1666, but met henceforth at the Hall of the Loriners in London Wall; also, according to Strype (1720), in a house at the Thames Street end of St. Peter’s Hill. When New Queen Street was cut, shortly after the Fire, part of the Glaziers’ ground became a corner site, having Thames Street on the south and the new road on the west. In 1671 the Company sold land in these two streets for £490. Four houses built upon land adjoining to St. Martin’s Churchyard remained in the Company’s possession until 1850, when they were taken by the Corporation for the widening of Queen Street. The Company has now no Hall.
THE GLOVERS
Incorporated by Charles I. in 1639 for a Master, 4 Wardens, and 30 Assistants, with a Livery of 130. The Company refused to give any return to the Royal Commission. The present Livery numbers 75. Hazlitt says that in 1881 the Income of the Company was derived from a small sum of £3800 in the stocks and the fines and fees of the freemen and the Livery. The Glovers presented their ordinances to the mayor and aldermen in 1349. It seems somewhat strange that a craft of such great importance as that of glove-making should have been always one of the poorest Companies in the City.
THE GOLD AND SILVER WYRE DRAWERS
The art or trade of Gold and Silver Wyre Drawers is one of antiquity and importance.
It appears that in the reign of James I., in consequence of a patent granted by the King, the Gold and Silver Wyre Drawers of that day attempted to bring over from France artizans to work the trade. The Goldsmiths, however, rose in arms, declaring the King was not doing what was conducive to the best interests of the kingdom, and the Lord Mayor and aldermen were called upon to act in the matter, and in the end the King withdrew the patent, and the trade continued undisturbed.
The charter under which the Company now exists was granted by 5 William and Mary, 1693, for the better regulation, encouragement, and improvement of the said trade, and grants that the freemen of the trade, art, and mystery of Gold and Silver Wyre Drawers, and all others exercising, or who should thereafter exercise the trade, art, or mystery of drawing and flatting of gold and silver wyre, and making and spinning of gold and silver thread and stuff within the Cities of London and Westminster, the Borough of Southwark, and all other places within three miles distant from the same, should be from thenceforth a body politic and corporate by the before-mentioned style.
The governing body consists at present of a Master, 4 Wardens, and not more than 26 Assistants. Their Livery now numbers 143; their Corporate Income is £62; their Trust Income is £2. There is no Hall.
_The Goldsmiths._ See p. 44.
_The Grocers._ See p. 13.
THE GUNMAKERS
The Gunmakers Company was founded in 1637.
The circumstances under which the Company had its origin may be gathered from the preamble of the Company’s charter, which recites “That divers blacksmiths and others inexpert in the art of gun-making had taken upon them to make, try, and prove guns after their unskilful way, whereby the trade was not only much damnified, but much harm and danger through such unskilfulness had happened to His Majesty’s subjects,” and for the reformation of which evils the charter of incorporation was applied for and granted.
As for and concerning said art, trade, and mystery of gun-making, and the well ordering and government thereof within the said City, and within four miles thereof.
Also for the punishment of abuses in manufacture of guns or any other wrong or abuse.
Also for the support, rule, and government of the said Master, Wardens, and Society, and their successors, and all others exercising the trade within the limits aforesaid.
It recites that great deceits and abuses were frequently practised and committed by divers inexpert persons using the art and mystery of gun-making within the City of London and liberties and ten miles thereof who for the most part made the said guns slightly and deceitfully to the great endangering and prejudice of His Majesty’s subjects, and that hand-guns, dags, and pistols, and parts thereof unartificially and deceitfully made and wrought in foreign and other parts, and imported into said City of London and places adjacent and were then altered and sold to the danger of His Majesty’s subjects. To prevent such dangers and abuses the Master, Wardens, and Society should have power.
To search, view, gauge, proof, trial, and marking of all manner of hand-guns whatsoever great and small dags and pistols, and all and every part and parcel of them as well those made in London, or the suburbs, or within ten miles thereof. And all such others as should from foreign parts, or otherwise, be brought thither to be sold for military service or other employment in any of His Majesty’s dominions or foreign parts.
Such proof or trial to be with good and sufficient gun-powder and weight of bullet of lead sizeable to every several gun according to the bore and otherwise as therein mentioned.
All persons using, making, or selling guns, dags, pistols, barrels, locks, or other parts thereof at their own costs to bring same to the common Hall or other meet place of said Society to be duly viewed, tried, stamped, and marked before the same be sold and delivered.
All such guns to be brought within ten days after making and finishing thereof, and imported guns within ten days from the arrival thereof within London or ten miles thereof.
The said Society and their successors to have stamps with the letters GP crowned to mark therewith all hand-guns, dags, and pistols, or parts thereof, when viewed and proved, and break up and destroy all improperly made. And no persons to counterfeit such stamps.
That no persons exercise the art of gun-making but those who have served seven years’ apprenticeship to said art, and presented their proof-piece to said Master and Wardens, and approved by them.
The Livery now consists of 28; their Corporate Income from all sources is £2400; they have no Trust Income; their Hall is at 46 Commercial Road (outside the City). The Company had the right to examine all guns made in London and within a ten miles’ radius. In the Proof House at Whitechapel the Company still carries on the work for which it was created.
_The Haberdashers._ See p. 29.
THE HORNERS
This is one of the oldest of the Fraternities, for it is mentioned in the reign of King Henry III., 1268, when the King granted an annual fair to Charlton, in Kent, for three days, at the eve, the day, and morrow of the Trinity. The time for holding this fair was afterwards changed to St. Luke’s Day (October 18). Philpot, who wrote in 1659, speaks of this fair as kept yearly on that day, and called “horn fair” by reason of the great “plenty of all sorts of winding horns and cups and other vessels of horn there bought and sold.”
In the reign of King Edward III. the horners of the City of London were classed among the forty-eight mysteries of the City. In the 50th year of that king’s reign a controversy arose between the King and the Corporation as to whether the Common Council of the City was to be elected by the wards or the mysteries of the City. This led to an ordinance being made by the City, with the consent of the King, that the election was to be by the mysteries, pursuant to which ordinance forty-eight mysteries deputed members to the Common Council; the horners, ranking in the third class or smaller mysteries, were deputed to send two members.
By statute 4 Edward IV. c. 8, it was enacted that from the feast of Easter in the year 1466 no stranger (_i.e._ not a freeman of the Company) not alien should buy any English horns unwrought of any tanners, bochers, or other persons within the City of London and twenty-four miles on every side next adjoining, and that no Englishman or other person should sell any English horns unwrought to any stranger, or cause them to be sent over the sea, so that the said horners would buy the said horns at like price as they were at the time of the making of the Act, upon pain of forfeiture of all such horns so bought, sold, or sent. And the Wardens of the said mystery should have full power to search all manner of ware pertaining to their mystery in all places within the City of London and twenty-four miles adjoining, and within the fairs of Stirbridge and Elie; and if they found any wares that were defective and insufficient they might bring them before the mayor of London, the mayor or bailiffs of the foresaid fairs to be forfeit one-half to the King, the other half to the said Wardens. But after the horners had taken so many horns as should be needful to their occupation, they and all other persons might sell all the horns refused to any stranger or other person to send beyond the sea or elsewhere.
The Company obtained from King Charles I. a charter of incorporation dated the 12th January 1638.
In the year 1604 the Company obtained a lease of a storehouse and sheds in Wentworth Street, Whitechapel, for 1000 years from Christmas 1604 at the yearly rent of £4, in which they carried on the trade.
This property was sold for £2400 to the Metropolitan Board of Works for the purposes of the Artizans’ Dwellings Act.
The control given by the charter of Charles I. to the Horners Company over the trade has never been actually abandoned, but it has ceased to be exercised.
In the year 1836 the Company petitioned the Court of Aldermen for a Livery, which was granted to them on the 1st of December of that year, the number of Liverymen being limited to 60.
At present the Livery numbers 48. Their Corporate Income is £89. They have no Hall.
_The Innholders._ See p. 232.
_The Ironmongers._ See p. 148.
THE JOINERS
Incorporated by Elizabeth in 1569 for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 24 Assistants, with a Livery of 323.
The work for which the Fraternity existed was a branch of carpentry. They made cabinets and carved work, doors, window-frames, and other kinds of work which required special skill and training. The subdivisions of carpentry were naturally difficult to arrange. An agreement was made between the Carpenters and the Joiners, by which the latter were allowed to take over bedsteads, chairs, stools, cabinets, picture-frames, windows, doors, pews, pulpits, and all sorts of work.
The overlapping of trades once, if not more than once, caused a riot. It was in the year 1327. On one side were the saddlers, and on the other side the joiners, loriners, and painters. They met in Chepe, and in the street of Cripplegate “strongly provided with an armed force, and manfully began to fight,” so that many were killed or mortally wounded, and the whole City was in alarm.
The Livery is now 102; the Corporate Income is £1300; there is no Trust Income.
Stow describes the Joiners’ Hall as one of several “fair houses” standing in Frier Lane. The Hall itself, but not the entrance into it from Joiners’ Hall Buildings, was in Dowgate Ward. It was destroyed in the Great Fire, but rebuilt. The post-Fire building is described as a large edifice of brick, with four noble windows in elegant frames, covered with pediments, and supported by consoles. The great Hall was all wainscotted, and was very remarkable for a magnificent and curious screen at its lower end. Upon this screen were “demi-savages and other enrichments, well carved in right wainscot.” It is said to have cost £130. The parlour was wainscotted with cedar, “with more curious artifice and embellishments.” The ceiling was fretted with wainscot work. The great Hall was destroyed by a fire in 1694, but the parlour, though slightly damaged, was saved by the energy of the clerk, Mr. Burroughs, who brought engines to play upon it from a window. It had already been occupied as a dwelling and warehouse at the beginning of the nineteenth century, and was afterwards pulled down, when a present large warehouse was erected on its site. In Strype’s map a long building appears to run down upon its western side in Joiners’ Hall Buildings. From Joiners’ Hall Buildings, Vintry Ward, leading into the warehouse yard, is the only remnant left of the Hall. The Company has now no Hall.
_The Leathersellers._ See p. 184.
THE LORINERS
Incorporated by Queen Anne, 1712, for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 24 Assistants, with a Livery of 69. It has now a Livery of 420, with a Corporate Income of £1200. It has no Trust Income, and no Hall. Formerly the Hall was at the north end of Basinghall Street. The Livery is the largest of all the Companies, the reason being the admission of members who merely wish to belong to a City Company for social purposes. The Loriners’ work was the making of spurs, stirrups, horses’ bits, etc. Their ordinances were passed and approved in 1245. They were then a Gild or Association, and as such continued till their incorporation under Queen Anne.
THE MAKERS OF PLAYING-CARDS
This Company was incorporated in 1628. At present it has a Livery of 100, with a Corporate Income of £50; no Trust Income, and no Hall.
THE MASONS
Nearly the whole of the records of the Worshipful Company of Masons prior to the year 1666 appear to have been destroyed when the Hall of the Company was burned in the Fire of London. The only documents in existence of an earlier date are the grant of arms, dated the 12th Edward IV., by which Clarencieux granted to the Craft and Fellowship of Masons a coat-of-arms, which is the same as now used by the Company, and a volume of accounts, the earliest of which is dated 1620, being the accounts of the “Master and Wardens of the Company of Free Masons within the City of London.” In the heading of the accounts the Company is so styled until the year 1655-56, from which date to the present time the accounts are headed as the accounts of “The Master and Wardens of the Worshipful Company of Masons of the City of London.” The earliest charter now in their possession is the 29th Charles II., A.D. 1677, granted on a petition by the Master, Wardens, and Assistants of the Company of Masons in London, but there is nothing to show whether or not any earlier charter had been granted to them.
The number of the Livery is now 48; the Corporate Income is £550; there is no Trust Income. They had a Hall in Basinghall Street, which no longer exists. In the year 1356 (Riley, _Memorials_, p. 280) ordinances were passed for the regulation of the trade of masons. The ordinances show that there had been dissension between the branches of “hewers” and “light masons and settlers.” The late date of the charter does not mean that the Fraternity began their existence at that date. They already had a Livery and a Gild; they returned members to the Common Council in 1376, and they were probably even at that date an ancient body.
_The Mercers._ See p. 33.
_The Merchant Taylors._ See p. 130.
THE MUSICIANS
Instituted by charter granted on April 24, 9th Edward IV. (1473), and reconstituted by James I., 1604, for a Master, 2 Wardens, 20 Assistants, and 31 members. The present number of members is 50; the Corporate Income is £400; there is no Trust Income; there is no Hall.
There were always musicians or minstrels presumably, therefore the Fraternity was ancient. And, as it was absolutely necessary for musicians to act together, the Fraternity began as soon as different instruments were used at the same time. This is one of the very small Companies.
THE NEEDLEMAKERS
Incorporated by Cromwell in 1656 for a Master, 2 Wardens, 18 Assistants, and 48 Liverymen. The number of the Livery is now 66; their Corporate Income is £230; they have no Hall. Charles II. set aside Cromwell’s charter and gave one of his own. This also is one of the humbler Companies. Their charter is set out at length by Maitland. I do not know why, nor can I find in it any special clauses which should explain this selection.
_The Painters._ See p. 221.
_The Parish Clerks._ See p. 87.
THE PATTENMAKERS
Incorporated by Charles II., 1670, for a Master, 2 Wardens, 22 Assistants, and 46 Liverymen. The Livery at present consists of 40; its Corporate Income is £50; its Trust Income is £13. It has no Hall.
One of the smallest of the City Companies. The Pattenmakers are a branch of the Pouchmakers, who (Riley, _Memorials_, p. 554) petitioned the mayor and aldermen for powers to look after the trade of making galoches, _i.e._ pattens, as a thing invented or introduced by themselves. This power was duly granted to the pouchmakers. Very shortly after the Pattenmakers appear as a separate Fraternity. Probably the trade assumed large proportions. The protection of the feet from the mud, garbage, and filth, then lying about the streets, caused a great demand for the new kind of shoe. The quarter where the pattenmakers lived is marked, according to Stow, by the name of St. Margaret Pattens Church.
THE PAVIORS
There is no record of incorporation of this Company. Pavements are mentioned “within Newgate,” “hard by St. Nicholas Fleshameles,” “before the Friars Minors”—all apparently meaning the same place. The earliest record the Company possesses is a small book, dated 1597, called “The Booke of Stattutes of the Pavioures which is used soundryes Tymes.” The kind of pavement consisted probably of the round cobble-stones, afterwards used everywhere. Freestone pavements were ordered after the Fire of London, but the order was not obeyed. The Company has no Hall.
The Company possesses no Livery, though a considerable number of freemen.
_The Pewterers._ See p. 152.
THE PINMAKERS
Incorporated by Charles I. in 1636. They had a Master, 2 Wardens, and 18 Assistants, but no Livery. The Pinners, before this incorporation, were united first with the Wire Makers, and then with the Girdlers. They had a Hall in St. Mary-at-Hill, whence they moved to Old Broad Street. Their Hall was for a long time a Nonconformist chapel. It was taken down in 1787. The Company no longer exists. They had also a Hall in Addle Street, which they sold to the Plaisterers before the time of Stow.
THE PLAISTERERS
By charter of 16 Henry VII., March 10, 1501, the King gave power to establish the Company as the Guild or Fraternity in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary, of men of the Mystery or Art of Pargettors in the City of London, commonly called Plaisterers, to be increased and augmented when necessary, and to be governed by a Master and two Wardens, to be elected annually. The said Master and Wardens and brotherhood were to be a body corporate, with perpetual succession and a common seal, and they were empowered to purchase and enjoy in fee and perpetuity lands and other possessions in the City, suburbs, and elsewhere. And the charter empowered the said Master and Wardens to sue and be sued as “The master and wardens of the Guild or Fraternity of the Blessed Mary of Pargettors, commonly called Plaisterers, London.”
The charter of Elizabeth, February 10, 1597, confirmed the privileges of the Company, and extended the authority of the Masters and Wardens to and over all persons exercising the Art of Plaisterers, as well English as aliens and denizens inhabiting and exercising the said art within the City and suburbs and liberties thereof, or within two miles of the said City.
The charter of 19 Charles II., June 19, 1679, confirmed the privileges granted by the previous charters, and having in view the rebuilding of the City, forbade any person to carry on simultaneously the trades of a mason, bricklayer, or plaisterer, and also forbade any person to exercise or carry on the Art of a Plaisterer without having been apprenticed seven years to the mystery. And the jurisdiction of the Company was extended to three miles’ distance from the City.
The present Livery consists of 52; they have a Corporate Income of £1062; a Trust Income of £33. In Stow’s time they had a Hall in Addle Street. This was burnt down in the Great Fire, rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren, and again burnt in 1882. Riley gives an agreement (_Memorials_, p. 125), dated 1317, between one Adam a Plastrer and Sir John de Bretagne, Earl of Richmond. The Fraternity probably existed at the same time.
THE PLUMBERS
The Company had existence as a body from a very early period, as shown by ordinances passed in the reign of King Edward III. 1365. These ordinances may be found in Riley’s _Memorials_, p. 321.
The earliest charter of the Company was that of King James I. in 1611, and it is believed to be the only charter in existence. The Company is incorporated as the “Master, Wardens, and Commonalty of the Freemen of the Mystery of Plumbing of the City of London,” for the better ordering, rule, and government of the men of the mystery and Company aforesaid, and of all those who then exercised and used or thereafter should exercise and use the art and mystery of plumbing, or the materials, works, merchandises, or things whatsoever to the said mystery relating, and for the utility, advantage, and relief of the good and honest, and for the terror and correction of the evil, deceitful, and dishonest. And also that they might have, make, and exercise the superior scrutiny, correction, and government of all and singular the freemen of the mystery, as also all other persons using or exercising the art or mystery in the limits aforesaid, and of their servants and apprentices. And also the supervision, scrutiny, correction, reformation, emendation, government, the assaye, touch, and the trial of all and singular workings, works, weights, beams and scales, lead, solder, materials, wares, matters, merchandises, and of all things whatsoever touching or concerning the aforesaid mystery in the limits aforesaid. And also to seize, take, and place in safe custody such materials, etc., aforesaid from time to time so found deceptive, false, insufficient, unapproved, and unlawful, there to remain until it should be determined thereof according to the laws of the realm of England. And further also that it should not be lawful for any person or persons of the art and mystery, or any other person or persons whomsoever using or who might use the art and mystery, to make work or expose for sale any solder or leaden weights within the limits aforesaid or within three miles thereof, unless the same be first proved and tried by the Master and Wardens whether they are good, sufficient, true, and lawful according to the laws of the realm and the customs of the City or not. And upon such trial to impress or mark with the impression, image, or sign of St. Michael the Archangel upon the same before their use or employ.
The present Livery consists of 40. The Company has a Corporate Income of £880; a Trust Income of £20.
In Stow’s time the Plumbers had their Hall in Anchor Lane, a turning on the south side of Thames Street, next to Vintners’ Hall. For these premises they were tenants to the Vintners. After the Fire of 1666 the Plumbers left their old quarters and built a new Hall in Chequer Yard, where it is shown in Strype’s map, at the east end of the yard, north side. Maitland (1739) calls it a good handsome building. Malcolm, writing in 1802, says that it had lately been pulled down, and warehouses of great extent, called after the name of the Company, erected on its site. At about the same time a new Hall of red brick was built in Bush Lane (then called Great Bush Lane). It was rebuilt in 1830, but finally pulled down to make way for Cannon Street Station. Hallam (_Constitutional History_) says that the first instance of actual punishment inflicted on Protestant dissenters was in 1567, when a company of more than a hundred were seized during their religious exercises at Plumbers’ Hall (the one in Anchor Lane), which they had hired on pretence of a wedding; fourteen or fifteen of them were sent to prison.
THE POULTERS
The ancient market of the Poulters was around the place still called the Poultry (see p. 11); they also sold poultry in the stocks market in Gracechurch Street and in Newgate Street. Riley’s _Memorials_ contain many regulations and ordinances for the sale of poultry. One remarks that the ordinances of the City in one respect, and in one only, were observed with the greatest care: those, namely, relating to the sale of food.
The Poulters Company existed by prescription as early as 1345. It was, however, incorporated by Royal Charter in the nineteenth year of Henry VII., on February 23, 1504. The charter was renewed by Queen Elizabeth, February 22, in the thirtieth year of her reign, confirmed by Charles II., on June 13, in the sixth year of his reign, and also by James II. subsequently, but these charters, like those of many of the Companies, were destroyed in the Fire of London in 1666. The charter under which the Company now acts was granted by William and Mary, May 6, 1692.
In the year 1763 the charter was supplemented by an Act of the Corporation of London and by another Act of the Corporation in 1820. The charter gives power to the Company to inspect the poultry brought to market, but that power has long since been suspended by the Acts of the Legislature.
Their present Livery is 126; their Corporate Income is £1020; their Trust Income is £430; they have no Hall.
_The Saddlers._ See p. 9.
_The Salters._ See p. 111.
THE SCRIVENERS
The Company now known as the Scriveners Company had existed from a very early period as the Fraternity or Mystery of the Scriveners or Writers of the Court Letter of the City of London, and was “time out of mind” a society or Company by prescription. The Company has no document showing the probable date of the foundation of this society, but their records extend back to 47 Edward III., being the year 1374.
The Company cannot say what were the exact circumstances in which it had its origin, but presumes that the Scriveners of London formed themselves into a society for the purpose of more effectually protecting their own interests and those of the occupation or craft which they carried on.
In the year 1373 (Riley, _Memorials_, p. 372) the “Court Hand writers and scriveners obtained their Ordinances.” These were chiefly directed against “foreigners.”
It was incorporated by James I. in 1616 for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 24 Assistants, with a Livery of 53.
At the time of the Great Fire of London all the archives of the Company were burnt except the ancient book called their common paper, and which book is still extant.
Their present Livery is 50. Their Trust Income is £10. Their Corporate Income is about £440. They have no Hall. Formerly they had a Hall in Noble Street which they sold to the Coachmakers. “At present,” says Maitland, 1750, “they are endeavouring by course of Law to oblige all Attorneys of the City to become Members.” An attempt which does not seem to have been successful.
The Scriveners’ work was much like that of solicitors of the present day. They made wills, drew up conveyances and other legal documents. They also wrote letters both of a business and a private nature. Some of them became financiers and bankers. In fact, the step from drawing up legal documents to advising on affairs of all kinds was easy and natural.
THE SHIPWRIGHTS
The precise year of the foundation of the Company is unknown, but it is mentioned in 1428 in the City records, from which it appears that it existed as a Fraternity, having a trade guild or mystery and a religious guild in connection with it, with a presumption in favour of its having existed by prescription for some time before that period. In a parchment book belonging to the Company there are ordinances of the religious society, the earliest of which is dated in 1456. Additions were made thereto in 1483, beginning, “In Dei nomine, Amen. It is not unknown to all the brethren and sisters of the fraternitie of Saint Symon and Jude hath been holden in London by the crafte of shipwrights of tyme out of minde,” etc. After which follow various ordinances relating to the taking of apprentices, and other matters, and more especially enjoining its members “to viewe and serche that the brethren of that fraternitie doe use in their said trades good and seasonable timber, and doe their worke workmanlike as appertaineth.”
The Company was incorporated by James I. in 1605 for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 36 Assistants.
In 1613 commenced a dispute between the Company and the foreign shipwrights who carried on their craft on the opposite side of the river, at Redrithe or Rotherhithe. The foreign shipwrights (so-called from being outside the liberties of the City) had, in the previous year, obtained a charter of incorporation, acting upon which they sought to exact fines from and impose duties upon the free shipwrights, at that time working hard by at Ratcliffe, having previously been compelled to leave the crowded part of the City by reason of the noise occasioned by exercising their trade and from fear of fire. The free shipwrights resented this treatment, and presented their case before the Court of Aldermen. The City upheld the free shipwrights, and in 1620 their ordinances were approved by the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen.
In 1631, from continued opposition, their funds were reduced so low that they were allowed to make twelve persons free of the City by redemption; and this number was from time to time increased. In 1638 another attempt was made to free themselves from their rivals by representing their case before the King in Council, which resulted in their being granted by the King exemption from the jurisdiction of the new Corporation. This order is dated Whitehall, March 17, 1638. In 1670 attacks were again renewed on the free shipwrights by the new Corporation, and, their cases having been laid before the High Court of Admiralty by Charles II., the Attorney-General, on March 18, 1684-85, decided in favour of the Company, which decision was approved by the King.
In 1782 a Livery was granted to the Company by the Court of Aldermen, the number being limited to 100 and the fine to 15 guineas; in 1830 the number was increased to 200 and the fine to 20 guineas.
Their members now number 200. Their Corporate Income is £830. They have now no Hall.
The Company had formerly a Hall at Ratcliffe Cross, in Butcher Street, but it has long since disappeared.
_The Skinners._ See p. 238.
THE SPECTACLE MAKERS
Incorporated by Charles I., 1629, for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 15 Assistants. The Company is numerically very strong, the Livery numbering 356. They have a Corporate Income of £1100, and a Trust Income of £45. They have no Hall.
_The Stationers._ See p. 199.
_The Tallow Chandlers._ See p. 243.
THE TIN-PLATE WORKERS
This Company was incorporated by Charles II. in 1670 for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 20 Assistants. At present it has 80 members. There are no particulars as to the Corporate Income, but there is a Trust Income of £7:7s.
The history of the Company is obscure. Hazlitt thinks that it was a branch of the Girdlers, that it was originally the Wire Workers, and that it may also have been associated with the Wire Sellers and the Wire Drawers. It has no Hall.
THE TURNERS
Incorporated by James I. in 1604 for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 24 Assistants, with a Livery of 144. At present there is a Livery of 193; a Corporate Income of £700; but no Hall.
The principal work of the Turners originally was to make wooden measures. It was therefore important that these measures should be true. In 1310 (Riley, _Memorials_, p. 78) six turners were sworn before the mayor and aldermen, that they would in future make no other measures than gallons, potells (pottles, then a measure of two quarts), and quarts, and that they would not make false measures such as “chopyns” (chopines) and “gylles” (gills). In 1347 (Riley, _Memorials_, p. 234) some turners were brought before the mayor and aldermen, charged with making false measures. Our earliest introduction, therefore, to the Fraternity of Turners is not much to their credit. It is, however, greatly to their credit that they now hold annual exhibitions of turnery work in the City with prizes for its encouragement.
THE TYLERS AND BRICKLAYERS
This Company was incorporated by Elizabeth in 1568 for a Master, 2 Wardens, 38 Assistants, and 103 Liverymen. At present there is a Livery of 73; a Corporate Income of £610; a Trust Income of £170; but no Hall.
The Tylers were an ancient Fraternity dating from the time when tiles were first employed instead of thatch for roofing houses. As bricks were not used in English architecture before the end of the fifteenth century, there could have been no bricklayers. The connection of the men who put on the roof with the men who built the house was natural.
THE UPHOLDERS
This Company was incorporated by Charles I. in 1627 for a Master, 2 Wardens, and 28 Assistants, with a Livery of 131 members. At present the Livery consists of 20 members; they have a Corporate Income of £284; a Trust Income of £20; but no Hall. The Fripperers, Philipers, or Upholders were the buyers and sellers of second-hand clothes, fur robes, furniture, and other things. There seems to have been a large trade of this kind, chiefly in the parish of St. Michael’s, Cornhill.
_The Vintners._ See p. 229.
_The Watermen._ See p. 267.
_The Wax Chandlers._ See p. 30.
THE WEAVERS
This is certainly the oldest Gild of which we have historical information. The weavers included under one Fraternity, at first, all the trades which belong to the manufacture and use of textile stuffs. The history of the Gild is briefly but clearly told by Loftie in his _History of London_.
“The weavers, again, by their superior wealth, and their superior organisation, were constantly exciting the envy, not only of other trades but also of the city guild itself. They had taken care to obtain acknowledgment as early as 1130, when Robert, son of Levestan, who may have been their alderman, paid 16£ into the treasury for them. They had a charter, more or less formal, in which Henry I. enacted that no one should exercise their trade in London or Southwark except he be a member of their guild. This was confirmed by Henry II. On the establishment of the mayoralty the weavers had a narrow escape. In 1202 the citizens offered the king sixty marks to suppress the guild, but they had money as well as influence, and the king only renewed their privileges, while he increased their annual payment. ‘Although,’ as Mr. Stubbs remarks, ‘there is no positive evidence to connect them and their fellow-guildsmen with the factions of Thomas FitzThomas and Walter Hervey, or with the later troubles under Edward I., it is not at all unlikely that their struggle with the governing body was a continuous one.’ Edward gave them a charter so worded that they assumed powers of self-government, which the city authorities could not recognise, and in the following reign a verdict against them was obtained after long litigation.
“It was perhaps in consequence of this verdict that the old corporation of the weavers resolved itself or was divided by a higher power into its constituent elements, and we henceforth hear of the drapers, tailors, and others, but no more of the weavers till long after. There is, however, absolute silence on the subject in the works of London historians. The phenomena are altogether peculiar, and but few facts can be picked out as tolerably certain. The weavers touched on one side the trade in linen, on the other that in wool. The woollen drapers were naturally very much divided in their interests from the linen-armourers, and the tailors who constructed garments, as well from the vegetable as from the animal production, were distinct from those who wove the cloth. We find, therefore, not only great dissension at times among the weavers, but a strong tendency to establish separate interests. The drapers, under their Latin designation of _panarii_, very soon divided themselves from the tailors, _cissores_; and, though there is no evidence of their separate existence before 1299, when the tailors’ records commence, it is very probable that from time to time they both rebelled against the tyranny of the weavers. Certain it is, that this powerful guild, which had subsisted through all changes and chances from the time of Henry I. at least, now suddenly and unaccountably disappears; while from its ashes rise the tailors—to whom long after, in the reign of Henry VII. the title of ‘Merchant Taylors’ was conceded—the clothworkers, at first ‘shermen’ and fullers, and the drapers, all of which preserve, more or less dimly, a tradition of their previous united state of existence” (vol. i. pp. 168, 170).
Was the old Gild of Weavers, that licensed by Henry I. and Henry II., entirely dissolved in consequence of the many branches which broke off from the parent trunk? It would appear that since the Craft of the Weavers was one thing and that of the Drapers was another, the Gild of the Weavers would still remain, in which case, though we cannot say that the Company is the most ancient, it would be quite true that the Company is descended from the most ancient Fraternity known.
It has now a Livery of 106; a Corporate Income of £1067; and a Trust Income of £1087. It formerly had a Hall in Basinghall Street. This was destroyed in the Great Fire, and, though subsequently rebuilt, was pulled down in 1856, when offices were built on the site.
THE WHEELWRIGHTS
The Company was founded by a charter granted by King Charles II., February 3, 1670, in compliance with a petition presented by divers wheelwrights, in and near the City of London, praying that, as “certain foreigners undertake the profession and trade of a wheelwright, notwithstanding they are ignorant and unskilful therein, and altogether incapable of making the works used in and about the said city, whereby much mischief happeneth to persons in the streets, by falling of carts and coaches, and great damage to merchants and others in their goods, as also loss and danger to gentlemen occasioned by the ignorance and ill work of the said foreigners, that never served to the said profession, and other great inconveniences and misdemeanours used and practised in the said art and trade,” they might, for the prevention thereof, be incorporated into a body politic.
At present they have a Livery of 120; a Corporate Income of £300; no Trust Income, and no Hall.
THE WOOLMEN
The date of the foundation of the Company was probably about 1300.
By the 27 Edward III. c. 23, the Company had the right of appointing licencemen to wind wools. The Company possesses a book of ordinances allowed and confirmed to the Company of Woolmen of the City of London by the Lord Chancellor of England and the two chief justices of either bench in the year 1587. Sixteen of the ordinances regulate the election of the governing body and the clerk, etc. The Company also possesses an order of the Court of Aldermen for granting a Livery to the Woolmen’s Company, and in the report made by the Committee of Privileges and subsequently approved and confirmed by the said court. The Company has existed under various names, such as Woolpackers, Woolwinders, and Woolmen; it was designated by all these titles in a proclamation of Charles II., but for the last three hundred years it has been known chiefly by the style of the Company of Woolmen.
The right of the Company to appoint and license duly qualified persons, having previously examined them, to wind wools has long ceased to exist; the last person licensed was in the year 1779. By proclamations in the reign of Charles II., woolcombers were obliged to be licensed by the Company.
The Master of the Woolmen’s Company has the right to nominate to the Court of Assistants of the Merchant Taylors Company two poor members of the Company as pensioners under Vernon’s Charity.
The Company lost its charter and most of its documents in the Fire of London, when the Company’s Hall was burnt down.
Their members number 20. Their Corporate Income is £376; they have no Trust Income, and no Hall. Considering that the staple trade of England for many centuries was that of wool, there can be little doubt of the extreme antiquity of this Company.
APPENDIX II
MAYORS AND LORD MAYORS OF LONDON FROM 1189 TO 1900
(LORD MAYORS SINCE 1354)
1189. Henry FitzAylwin.
1190. Henry FitzAylwin.
1191. Henry FitzAylwin.
1192. Henry FitzAylwin.
1193. Henry FitzAylwin.
1194. Henry FitzAylwin.
1195. Henry FitzAylwin.
1196. Henry FitzAylwin.
1197. Henry FitzAylwin.
1198. Henry FitzAylwin.
1199. Henry FitzAylwin.
1200. Henry FitzAylwin.
1201. Henry FitzAylwin.
1202. Henry FitzAylwin.
1203. Henry FitzAylwin.
1204. Henry FitzAylwin.
1205. Henry FitzAylwin.
1206. Henry FitzAylwin.
1207. Henry FitzAylwin.
1208. Henry FitzAylwin.
1209. Henry FitzAylwin.
1210. Henry FitzAylwin.
1211. Henry FitzAylwin.
1212. Henry FitzAylwin.
1213. Roger FitzAylwin.
1214. Serle Le Mercer.
1215. William Hardel.
1216. Jacob Alderman, for part, and Salomon De Basinges, for part.
1217. Serlo Le Mercer.
1218. Serlo Le Mercer.
1219. Serlo Le Mercer.
1220. Serlo Le Mercer.
1221. Serlo Le Mercer.
1222. Serlo Le Mercer.
1223. Richard Renger.
1224. Richard Renger.
1225. Richard Renger.
1226. Richard Renger.
1227. Roger Le Duc.
1228. Roger Le Duc.
1229. Roger Le Duc.
1230. Roger Le Duc.
1231. Andrew Bukerel.
1232. Andrew Bukerel.
1233. Andrew Bukerel.
1234. Andrew Bukerel.
1235. Andrew Bukerel.
1236. Andrew Bukerel.
1237. Andrew Bukerel.
1238. Richard Renger.
1239. William Joynier.
1240. Gerard Bat.
1241. Richard De Bungeye.
1242. Ralph Eswy.
1243. Ralph Eswy.
1244. Michael Thovy.
1245. John Gyseorz.
1246. John Gisors.
1247. Peter FitzAllan.
1248. Michael Thovy.
1249. Roger FitzRoger.
1250. John Norman.
1251. Adam Basing.
1252. John Tulesan.
1253. Nicholas Bat.
1254. Ralph Hardel.
1255. Ralph Hardel.
1256. Ralph Hardel.
1257. Ralph Hardel.
1258. Ralph Hardel.
1259. William FitzRichard.
1260. William FitzRichard.
1261. Thomas FitzThomas.
1262. Thomas FitzThomas.
1263. Thomas FitzThomas.
1264. Thomas FitzThomas.
1265. Thomas FitzThomas.
1266. William FitzRichard (Warden).
1267. Alan De La Souche (Warden).
1268. Sir Stephen De Edeworthe(Warden).
1269. Sir Hugh FitzOtes (Warden).
1270. John Addrien.
1271. Walter Harvy.
1272. Walter Harvy.
1273. Henry De Waleys.
1274. Gregory De Rokesle.
1275. Gregory De Rokesle.
1276. Gregory De Rokesle.
1277. Gregory De Rokesle.
1278. Gregory De Rokesle.
1279. Gregory De Rokesle.
1280. Gregory De Rokesle.
1281. Henry Waleis.
1282. Henry Waleis.
1283. Henry Waleis.
1284. Gregory De Rokesle.
1285. Sir Ralph De Sandwich (Warden).
1286. Sir Ralph De Sandwich (Warden).
1287. Sr Ralph De Sandwich (Warden).
1288. Sir John De Bretton (Warden).
1289. Sr Ralph De Sandwich (Warden).
1290. Sr Ralph De Sandwich (Warden).
1291. Sir John De Bretton (Warden).
1292. Sir Ralph De Sandwich (Warden).
1293. Sir John Le Breton (Warden).
1294. Sir John Le Breton (Warden).
1295. Sir John Le Breton (Warden).
1296. Sir John Le Breton (Warden).
1297. Henry Waleis.
1298. Henry Waleis.
1299. Elias Russel.
1300. Elias Russel.
1301. John Le Blount.
1302. John Le Blount.
1303. John Le Blount.
1304. John Le Blount.
1305. John Le Blount.
1306. Sir John Blount.
1307. Sir John Blount.
1308. Nicholas Dc Farndon.
1309. Thomas Romeyn.
1310. Richer De Refham.
1311. John Gisors.
1312. John Gisors.
1313. Nicolas De Farndon.
1314. John Gisors.
1315. Stephen De Abingdon.
1316. John De Wengrave.
1317. John De Wengrave.
1318. John Wengrave.
1319. Hamo De Chigwell.
1320. Nicolas De Farndon.
1321. Hamo De Chigwell.
1322. Hamo De Chigwell.
1323. Nicholas De Farndone.
1324. Hamo De Chigwell.
1325. Hamo De Chigwell.
1326. Hamo De Chigwell.
1327. Hamo De Chigwell.
1328. John De Grantham.
1329. Simon Swanlond.
1330. Sir John Pountney of De Polteneye.
1331. Sir John De Polteneye.
1332. John De Prestone.
1333. Sir John Polteneye.
1334. Reginald Del Conduyt.
1335. Nicolas Wotton.
1336. Sir John De Polteneye.
1337. Henry Darcy.
1338. Henry Darcy.
1339. Andrew Aubry.
1340. Andrew Aubry.
1341. John of Oxenford (died), and Simon Fraunceis.
1342. Simon Fraunceis.
1343. John Hamond.
1344. John Hamond.
1345. Richard Lacere.
1346. Geffrey Whyting.
1347. Thomas Legge.
1348. John Lovekyn.
1349. Walter Turk.
1350. Richard Kylsyngby.
1351. Andrew Aubrey.
1352. Adam Fraunceys.
1353. Adam Fraunceys.
1354. Thomas Legge.
1355. Simon Fraunceys.
1356. Henry Picard.
1357. John Stodeye.
1358 John Lovekyn.
1359. Simon Dolcelle.
1360. Sir Thomas Wroth.
1361. John Pecche.
1362. Stephen Caundyssh.
1363. John Notte.
1364. Adam of Bery.
1365. Adam of Bery.
John Lovekyn.
1366. John Lovekyn.
1367. James Andrew.
1368. Simon Morden.
1369. John Chichester.
1370. John Bernes.
1371. John Bernes.
1372. John Pyell.
1373. Adam of Bery.
1374. William Walworth.
1375. John Warde.
1376. Adam Stable.
Nicholas Brembre.
1377. Nicholas Brembre.
1378. John Philpot.
1379. John Hadley.
1380. William Walworth.
1381. John Northampton.
1382. John Northampton.
1383. Nicholas Brembre.
1384. Nicholas Brembre.
1385. Nicholas Brembre.
1386. Nicolas Exton.
1387. Nicolas Exton.
1388. Nicolas Twyford.
1389. William Venor.
1390. Adam Bamme.
1391. John Hende.
1392. William Staundon.
1393. John Hadley.
1394. John Frossh.
1395. William More.
1396. Adam Bamme (died).
Richard Whityngton.
1397. Richard Whytyngton.
1398. Drew Barentyn.
1399. Thomas Knolles.
1400. John Fraunceys.
1401. John Schadworth.
1402. John Walcote.
1403. William Askham.
1404. John Hende.
1405. John Wodecok.
1406. Richard Whytyngton.
1407. William Staundon.
1408. Drew Barantyn.
1409. Richard Merlawe.
1410. Thomas Knolles.
1411. Robert Chicheley.
1412. William Waldern.
1413. William Crowmere.
1414. Thomas Fauconer.
1415. Nicholas Wotton.
1416. Henry Barton.
1417. Richard Merlawe.
1418. William Sevenok.
1419. Richard Whytyngton.
1420. William Cambregge.
1421. Robert Chycheley.
1422. William Waldern.
1423. William Crowmere.
1424. John Michell.
1425. John Coventry.
1426. John Reynwell.
1427. John Gedeney.
1428. Henry Barton.
1429. William Estfield.
1430. Nicolas Wotton.
1431. John Welles.
1432. John Parveys.
1433. John Brokle.
1434. Roger Otle.
1435. Henry Frowyk.
1436. John Michell.
1437. William Estfield.
1438. Stephen Broun.
1439. Robert Large.
1440. John Paddisle.
1441. Robert Clopton.
1442. John Hatherle.
1443. Thomas Catworth.
1444. Henry Frowik.
1445. Simon Eyre.
1446. John Olney.
1447. John Gidney.
1448. Stephen Broun.
1449. Thomas Chalton.
1450. Richard Wifold.
1451. William Gregory.
1452. Godfrey Feldyng.
1453. John Norman.
1454. Stephen Forster.
1455. William Marche.
1456. Thomas Canynge.
1457. Geffrey Boleyne.
1458. Thomas Scot.
1459. William Hewlyn.
1460. Richard Lee.
1461. Hugh Wich.
1462. Thomas Coke.
1463. Matthew Philip.
1464. Ralph Joslyn.
1465. Ralph Verney.
1466. Sir John Yong.
1467. Thomas Holgrave.
1468. William Tailor.
1469. Richard Lee.
1470. Sir John Stokton.
1471. William Edward.
1472. Sir William Hampton.
1473. John Tate.
1474. Sir Robert Drope.
1475. Robert Basset.
1476. Sir Ralph Joslyn.
1477. Humphrey Hayford.
1478. Richard Gardener.
1479. Sir Bartholomew Jamys.
1480. John Browne.
1481. William Heriet.
1482. Sir Edmund Shaa.
1483. Sir Robert Billesdon.
{Sir Thomas Hill
1484. {Sir William Stocker.
{John Ward.
1485. Hugh Brice.
1486. Henry Colet.
1487. Sir William Horne.
1488. Robert Tate.
1489. William White.
1490. John Mathew.
1491. Hugh Clopton.
1492. William Martin.
1493. Sir Raph Astrie.
1494. Richard Chawry.
1495. Henry Colet.
1496. Sir John Tate.
1497. William Purchase.
1498. Sir John Percevall.
1499. Nicholas Aldwine.
1500. William Rennington.
1501. Sir John Shaa.
1502. Bartholomew Rede.
1503. Sir William Capell.
1504. Sir John Winger.
1505. Sir Thomas Kniesworth.
1506. Sir Richard Haddon.
1507. William Browne.
1508. Sir Stephen Jannings.
1509. Thomas Bradbury.
1510. Sir Henry Kebble.
1511. Sir Roger Acheley.
1512. Sir William Copinger in part, and Sir Richard Haddon for the rest.
1513. Sir William Browne.
1514. Sir George Monox.
1515. Sir William Butler.
1516. Sir John Rest.
1517. Sir Thomas Exmewe.
1518. Sir Thomas Mirfine.
1519. Sir James Yardford.
1520. Sir John Brug or Bruges.
1521. Sir John Milborne.
1522. Sir John Mundy.
1523. Sir Thomas Baldrie.
1524. Sir William Bailey.
1525. Sir John Allen.
1526. Sir Thomas Seymer.
1527. Sir James Spencer.
1528. Sir John Rudstone.
1529. Sir Ralph Dodmer.
1530. Sir Thomas Pargitor.
1531. Sir Nicholas Lambert.
1532. Sir Stephen Peacock.
1533. Sir Christopher Askew.
1534. Sir John Champneis.
1535. Sir John Allen.
1536. Sir Ralph Warren.
1537. Sir Richard Gresham.
1538. Sir William Forman.
1539. Sir William Holleis.
1540. Sir William Roche.
1541. Sir Michael Dormer.
1542. John Cotes.
1543. Sir William Bowyer for part, and Sir Ralph Warren for the rest.
1544. Sir William Laxron.
1545. Sir Martin Bowes.
1546. Sir Henry Hobberthorne.
1547. Sir John Gresham.
1548. Henry Amcotes.
1549. Sir Rowland Hill.
1550. Sir Andrew Jud.
1551. Sir Richard Dobbes.
1552. Sir George Barne.
1553. Sir Thomas White.
1554. Sir John Lyon.
1555. Sir William Garret or Garrard.
1556. Sir Thomas Offley.
1557. Sir Thomas Curteis.
1558. Sir Thomas Leigh.
1559. Sir William Hewet.
1560. Sir William Chester.
1561. Sir William Harper.
1562. Sir Thomas Lodge.
1563. Sir John White.
1564. Sir Richard Mallory.
1565. Sir Richard Champion.
1566. Sir Christopher Draper.
1567. Sir Roger Martin.
1568. Sir Thomas Rowe.
1569. Sir Alexander Avenon.
1570. Sir Roland Heyward.
1571. Sir William Allen.
1572. Sir Lionell Ducket.
1573. Sir John Rivers.
1574. James Hawes.
1575. Ambrose Nicholas.
1576. Sir John Langley.
1577. Sir Thomas Ramsey.
1578. Sir Richard Pipe.
1579. Sir Nicholas Woodrofe.
1580. Sir John Branch.
1581. Sir James Harvie.
1582. Sir Thomas Blancke.
1583. Edward Osborne.
1584. Sir Thomas Pullison.
1585. Sir Wolstane Dixie.
1586. Sir George Barne.
1587. Sir George Bond.
1588. Sir Martin Calthrop for part, and Sir Richard Martin for the rest.
1589. Sir John Hart.
1590. Sir John Allot for part, and Sir Rowland Heyward for the rest.
1591. Sir William Webb.
1592. Sir William Roe.
1593. Sir Cuthbert Buckle for part, and Sir Richard Martin for the rest.
1594. Sir John Spencer.
1595. Sir Stephen Slany.
1596. Sir Thomas Skinner for part, and Sir Henry Billingsley for the rest.
1597. Sir Richard Saltenstall.
1598. Sir Stephen Some.
1599. Sir Nicholas Mosley.
1600. Sir William Rider.
1601. Sir John Garrard.
1602. Robert Lee.
1603. Sir Thomas Bennet.
1604. Sir Thomas Lowe.
1605. Sir Leonard Halliday.
1606. Sir John Wats.
1607. Sir Henry Rowe.
1608. Sir Humphrey Weld.
1609. Sir Thomas Campbell.
1610. Sir William Cravon.
1611. Sir James Pemberton.
1612. Sir John Swinnerton.
1613. Sir Thomas Middleton.
1614. Sir Thomas Hayes.
1615. Sir John Jolles.
1616. Sir John Leman.
1617. George Bolles.
1618. Sir Sebastian Harvey.
1619. Sir William Cockain.
1620. Sir Francis Jones.
1621. Sir Edward Barkham.
1622. Sir Peter Proby.
1623. Sir Martin Lumley.
1624. Sir John Goare.
1625. Sir Allen Cotton.
1626. Sir Cuthbert Hacket of Aket.
1627. Sir Hugh Hammersley.
1628. Sir Richard Deane.
1629. Sir James Campbell.
1630. Sir Robert Ducy.
1631. Sir Robert Whitmore.
1632. Sir Nicholas Raynton.
1633. Sir Ralph Freeman for part, and Sir Thomas Moulson for the rest.
1634. Sir Robert Parkhurst.
1635. Sir Christopher Cletherow.
1636. Sir Edward Bromfield.
1637. Sir Richard Fenn.
1638. Sir Maurice Abbott.
1639. Sir Henry Garway.
1640. Sir William Acton, Knight and Baronet, discharged by the House of Commons and Sir Edmund Wright, substituted.
1641. Sir Richard Gurney, Knight and Baronet, discharged by Parliament August 12, and succeeded by Isaac Pennington.
1642. Sir Isaac Pennington.
1643. Sir John Woollaston.
1644. Sir Thomas Atkin.
1645. Sir Thomas Adams.
1646. Sir John Gayer.
1647. Sir John Warner.
1648. Sir Abraham Reynardson, imprisoned; Thomas Andrews for rest of the year.
1649. Thomas Foot.
1650. Thomas Andrews.
1651. John Kendrick.
1652. John Fowke.
1653. Thomas Vyner.
1654. Christopher Pack.
1655. John Dethick.
1656. Robert Titchborne.
1657. Richard Chiverton.
1658. Sir John Ireton.
1659. Sir Thomas Alleyne, Knight and Baronet.
1660. Sir Richard Brown, Baronet.
1661. Sir John Frederick.
1662. Sir John Robinson, Knight and Baronet.
1663. Sir Anthony Bateman.
1664. Sir John Lawrence.
1665. Sir Thomas Bludworth.
1666. Sir William Bolton.
1667. Sir William Peake.
1668. William Turner.
1669. Sir Samuel Starling.
1670. Sir Richard Ford.
1671. Sir George Waterman.
1672. Sir Robert Hanson.
1673. Sir William Hooker.
1674. Sir Robert Vyner, Knight and Baronet.
1675. Sir Joseph Sheldon.
1676. Sir Thomas Davies.
1677. Sir Francis Chaplin.
1678. Sir James Edwards.
1679. Sir Robert Claydon.
1680. Sir Patience Ward.
1681. Sir John Moore.
1682. Sir William Pritchard.
1683. Sir Henry Tulse.
1684. Sir James Smith.
1685. Sir Robert Geffery.
1686. Sir John Peake.
1687. Sir John Shorter, died. Sir John Eyles appointed by the Crown.
1688. Sir John Chapman, died March 17, 1689.
Sir Thomas Pilkington.
1689. Sir Thomas Pilkington.
1690. Sir Thomas Pilkington.
1691. Sir Thomas Stampe.
1692. Sir John Fleet.
1693. Sir William Ashurst.
1694. Sir Thomas Lane.
1695. Sir John Houblon.
1696. Sir Edward Clarke.
1697. Sir Humphrey Edwin.
1698. Sir Francis Child.
1699. Sir Richard Levet.
1700. Sir Thomas Abney.
1701. Sir William Gore.
1702. Sir Samuel Dashwood.
1703. Sir John Parsons.
1704. Sir Owen Buckingham.
1705. Sir Thomas Rawlinson.
1706. Sir Robert Bedingfield.
1707. Sir William Withers.
1708. Sir Charles Duncombe.
1709. Sir Samuel Garrard.
1710. Sir Walter Heathcote, Baronet.
1711. Sir Robert Beachcroft.
1712. Sir Richard Hoare.
1713. Sir Samuel Stainer.
1714. Sir William Humphreys, Knight and Baronet.
1715. Sir Charles Peers.
1716. Sir James Bateman.
1717. Sir William Lewen.
1718. Sir John Ward.
1719. Sir George Thorold.
1720. Sir John Fryer, Baronet.
1721. Sir William Stewart.
1722. Sir Gerard Conyers.
1723. Sir Peter Delmé
1724. Sir George Merttins.
1725. Sir Francis Forbes.
1726. Sir John Eyles.
1727. Sir Edward Becher.
1728. Sir Robert Baylis.
1729. Sir Richard Brocas.
1730. Humphrey Parsons.
1731. Sir Francis Child.
1732. John Barber.
1733. Sir William Billers.
1734. Sir Edward Bellamy.
1735. Sir John Williams.
1736. Sir John Thompson.
1737. Sir John Barnard.
1738. Micjah Perry.
1739. Sir John Salter.
1740. Humphrey Parsons.
1741. Sir Robert Godschall, died June 26, 1742.
George Heathcote.
1742. Robert Willmot.
1743. Sir Robert Westley.
1744. Sir Henry Marshall.
1745. Sir Richard Hoare.
1746. William Benn.
1747. Sir Robert Ladbroke.
1748. Sir William Calvert.
1749. Sir Samuel Pennant, died May 20, 1750.
John Blachford.
1750. Francis Cokayne.
1751. Thomas Winterbottom, died June 4, 1752.
Robert Alsop.
1752. Sir Crisp Gascoyne.
1753. Edmund Ironside, died November 27, 1753.
Thomas Rawlinson.
1754. Stephen Theodore Janssen.
1755. Slingsby Bethell.
1756. Marshe Dickinson.
1757. Sir Charles Asgill, Baronet.
1758. Sir Richard Glyn, Knight and Baronet.
1759. Sir Thomas Chitty.
1760. Sir Matthew Blackiston.
1761. Sir Samuel Fludyer, Knight and Baronet.
1762. William Beckford.
1763. William Bridgen.
1764. Sir William Stephenson.
1765. George Nelson.
1766. Sir Robert Kite.
1767. Hon. Thomas Harley.
1768. Samuel Turner.
1769. William Beckford, died June 21, 1770.
Barlow Tregothick.
1770. Brass Crosby.
1771. William Nash.
1772. James Townsend.
1773. Frederick Bull.
1774. John Wilkes.
1775. John Sawbridge.
1776. Sir Thomas Halifax.
1777. Sir James Esdaile.
1778. Samuel Plumbe.
1779. Brackley Kennett.
1780. Sir Watkin Lewes.
1781. Sir William Plomer.
1782. Nathaniel Newnham.
1783. Robert Peckham.
1784. Richard Clarke.
1785. Thomas Wright.
1786. Thomas Sainsbury.
1787. John Burnell.
1788. William Gill.
1789. William Pickett.
1790. John Boydell.
1791. John Hopkins.
1792. Sir James Saunderson.
1793. Paul Le Mesurier.
1794. Thomas Skinner.
1795. Sir William Curtis, Baronet.
1796. Sir Brook Watson, Baronet.
1797. Sir John William Anderson, Baronet.
1798. Sir Richard Carr Glyn, Knight and Baronet.
1799. Harvey Christian Combe.
1800. Sir William Staines.
1801. Sir John Earner.
1802. Sir Charles Price, Baronet.
1803. John Perring.
1804. Peter Perchard.
1805. James Shaw.
1806. Sir William Leighton.
1807. James Ansley.
1808. Sir Charles Flower, Baronet.
1809. Thomas Smith.
1810. Joshua Jonathan Smith.
1811. Sir Claudius Stephen Hunter, Baronet.
1812. George Scholey.
1813. Sir William Domville, Baronet.
1814. Samuel Birch.
1815. Sir Matthew Wood, Baronet.
1816. Sir Matthew Wood, Baronet.
1817. Christopher Smith.
1818. John Atkins.
1819. George Bridges.
1820. John Thomas Thorpe.
1821. Christopher Magnay.
1822. William Heygate.
1823. Robert Waithman.
1824. John Garratt.
1825. William Venables.
1826. Anthony Brown.
1827. Matthias Prime Lucas.
1828. William Thompson.
1829. John Crowder.
1830. Sir John Key, Baronet.
1831. Sir John Key, Baronet.
1832. Sir Peter Laurie.
1833. Charles Farebrother.
1834. Henry Winchester.
1835. William Taylor Copeland.
1836. Thomas Kelly.
1837. Sir John Cowan, Baronet.
1838. Samuel Wilson.
1839. Sir Chapman Marshall.
1840. Thomas Johnson.
1841. Sir John Pirie, Baronet.
1842. John Humphrey.
1843. Sir William Magnay, Baronet.
1844. Michael Gibbs.
1845. John Johnson.
1846. Sir George Carroll.
1847. John Kinnersley Hooper.
1848. Sir James Duke, Knight and Baronet.
1849. Thomas Farncomb.
1850. Sir John Musgrove, Baronet.
1851. William Hunter.
1852. Thomas Challis.
1853. Thomas Sidney.
1854. Sir Francis Graham Moon, Baronet.
1855. Sir David Salomons, Baronet.
1856. Thomas Quested Finnis.
1857. Sir Robert Walter Carden, Baronet.
1858. David Williams Wire.
1859. John Carter.
1860. William Cubitt.
1861. William Cubitt.
1862. Sir William Anderson Rose.
1863. Sir William Lawrence.
1864. Warren Stormes Hale.
1865. Sir Benjamin Samuel Phillips.
1866. Sir Thomas Gabriel, Baronet.
1867. William Ferneley Allen.
1868. Sir J. C. Lawrence, Baronet.
1869. Robert Besley.
1870. Sir Thomas Dakin.
1871. Sir Sills John Gibbons, Baronet.
1872. Sir Sydney Hedley Waterlow, Baronet.
1873. Sir Andrew Lusk, Baronet, M.P.
1874. David Henry Stone.
1875. W. J. R. Cotton, M.P.
1876. Sir Thomas White.
1877. Sir T. S. Owden.
1878. Sir C. Whetham.
1879. Sir Francis Wyatt Truscott.
1880. Sir William M’Arthur.
1881. Sir J. W. Ellis, Baronet.
1882. Sir Henry Edmund Knight.
1883. Sir R. Nicholas Fowler, Baronet, M.P.
1884. George Swan Nottage, and Sir R. N. Fowler on his death.
1885. Sir John Staples.
1886. Sir Reginald Hanson, Baronet.
1887. Sir Polydore De Keyser.
1888. Sir James Whitehead, Baronet.
1889. Sir H. Aaron Isaacs.
1890. Sir Joseph Savory, Baronet.
1891. Sir David Evans.
1892. Sir Stuart Knill, Baronet.
1893. Sir G. R. Tylor, Baronet.
1894. Sir Joseph Renals, Baronet.
1895. Sir Walter H. Wilkin.
1896. Sir G. Faudel-Phillips.
1897. Lieut.-Col. Sir H. D. Davies.
1898. Sir John Voce Moore.
1899. Sir Alfred J. Newton, Baronet.
1900. Sir Frank Green.
APPENDIX III
A CALENDAR OF THE MAYORS AND SHERIFFS OF LONDON FROM 1189 TO 1900
MAYORS
Abbot, Sir Maurice 1638 Abingdon, Stephen de 1315 Abney, Sir Thomas 1700 Acheley, Sir Roger 1511 Acton, Sir William 1640 Adams, Sir Thomas 1645 Addrien, John 1270 Alderman, Jacob 1216 Aldwine, Nicholas 1499 Allen, Sir John 1525 „ „ 1535 „ Sir William 1571 Alleyne, Sir Thomas 1659 Allot, Sir John 1590 Amcoates, Henry 1548 Anderson, William 1862 Andrew, James 1367 Andrews, Thomas 1650 Ansley, James 1807 Asgill, Sir Charles 1757 Ashurst, Sir William 1693 Askham, William 1403 Astrie, Sir Ralph 1493 Atkin, Sir Thomas 1644 Atkins, John 1818 Aubry, Andrew 1339 „ „ 1340 „ „ 1351 Avenon, Sir Alexander 1569
Bailey, Sir William 1524 Baldrie, Sir Thomas 1523 Bamme, Adam 1390
Bamme, Adam 1396 Barber, John 1732 Barentyn, Drew 1398 „ „ 1408 Barkham, Sir Edward 1621 Barnard, Sir John 1737 Barne, Sir George 1552 „ „ 1586 Barton, Henry 1416 „ „ 1428 Basing, Adam 1251 Basset, Robert 1476 Bat, Gerard 1240 Bat, Nicholas 1253 Bateman, Sir Anthony 1663 Bateman, Sir James 1716 Baylis, Sir Robert 1728 Becher, Sir Edward 1727 Beckford, William 1762 „ „ 1769 Bedingfield, Sir Robert 1706 Bellamy, Sir Edward 1734 Benn, William 1746 Bennet, Sir Thomas 1603 Bernes, John 1371 Bery, Adam of 1364 „ „ 1365 „ „ 1373 Besley, Robert 1869 Bethell, Slingsby 1755 Billers, Sir William 1733 Billesdon, Sir Robert 1483 Billingsley, Sir H. 1596 Birch, Samuel 1814 Blakiston, Sir Matthew 1760 Blancke, Sir Thomas 1582 Blount, John le 1301 „ „ 1302 „ „ 1303 „ „ 1304 „ „ 1305 „ „ 1306 „ „ 1307 Boleyne, Geffrey 1457 Bolles, George 1617 Bolton, Sir William 1666 Bond, Sir George 1587 Bowes, Sir Martin 1545 Bowyer, Sir William 1543 Boydell, John 1790 Bradbury, Thomas 1509 Branch, John 1580 Brembre, Nicholas 1377 „ „ 1383 „ „ 1384 „ „ 1385 Breton Le, Sir John 1293 „ „ 1294 „ „ 1295 „ „ 1296 Bretton De, Sir John 1288 „ „ 1291 Brice, Hugh 1485 Bridgen, William 1763 Bridges, George 1819 Brocas, Sir Richard 1729 Brokle, John 1433 Bromfield, Sir Edward 1621 Broun, Stephen 1438 „ „ 1448 Brown, Anthony 1826 Brown, John 1480 Brown, Sir Richard 1660 Browne, William 1507 Browne, Sir William 1513 Brug, Sir John 1520 Buckingham, Sir Owen 1704 Buckle, Sir Cuthbert 1393 Bukerel, Andrew 1231 „ „ 1232 „ „ 1233 „ „ 1234 „ „ 1235 „ „ 1236 „ „ 1237 Bull, Frederick 1773 Bungeye, Reginald de 1241 Burrell, John 1787 Butler, Sir William 1515
Calthrop, Sir Martin 1588 Calvert, Sir William 1748 Cambell, Sir Thomas 1609 Cambell, Sir James 1629 Cambregge, William 1420 Canynge, Thomas 1456 Capell, Sir William 1503 Carr, Sir Richard 1798 Carroll, Sir George 1846 Carter, John 1859 Catworth, Thomas 1443 Caundyssh, Stephen 1362 Challis, Thomas 1852 Chalton, Thomas 1449 Champion, Sir Richard 1565 Champneis, Sir John 1534 Chaplin, Sir Francis 1677 Chapmann, Sir John 1688 Chawry, Richard 1494 Chester, Sir William 1560 Chicheley, Robert 1421 Chichester, John 1369 Chigwell, Hamo de 1319 „ „ 1321 „ „ 1322 „ „ 1324 „ „ 1325 „ „ 1326 „ „ 1327 Child, Sir Francis 1698 „ „ 1731 Chitty, Sir Thomas 1759 Chiverton, Richard 1657 Chycheley, Robert 1421 Clark, Richard 1784 Clarke, Sir Edward 1696 Clayton, Sir Robert 1679 Cletherow, Sir Christopher 1635 Clopton, Robert 1441 Clopton, Hugh 1491 Cockain, Sir William 1618 Cokayne, Francis 1750 Coke, Thomas 1462 Colet, Henry 1486 Colet, Henry 1495 Combe, Henry Christian 1799 Conyers, Sir Gerard 1722 Copinger, Sir William 1512 Cotes, John 1542 Cotton, Sir Allen 1625 Cotton (M.P.), W. J. R. 1875 Coventry, John 1425 Cowan, Sir John 1837 Craven, Sir William 1610 Crosby, Brass 1770 Crowder, James 1829 Crowmere, William 1413 Crowmere, William 1423 Cubitt, William 1860 „ „ 1861 Curteis, Sir Thomas 1557 Curtis, Sir William 1795
Dakin, Thomas 1870 Darcy, Henry 1337 „ „ 1338 Dashwood, Sir Samuel 1702 Davies, Sir H. D. 1897 Davies, Sir Thomas 1676 Deane, Sir Richard 1628 De Keyser, Sir Polydore 1887 Delme, Sir Peter 1723 Dethick, John 1655 Dickinson, Marshe 1756 Dixie, Sir Wolstane 1585 Dobbes, Sir Richard 1551 Dodmer, Sir Ralph 1529 Dolcelle, Simon 1359 Domville, Sir William 1813 Dormer, Sir Michael 1541 Drope, Sir Robert 1474 Duc, Roger le 1227 „ „ 1228 „ „ 1229 „ „ 1230 Ducket, Sir Lionell 1572 Ducy, Sir Robert 1630 Duke, Sir James 1848 Duncombe, Sir Charles 1708
Eamer, Sir John 1801 Edward, William 1471 Edwards, Sir James 1678 Edwin, Sir Humfrey 1697 Ellis, Sir J. W. 1881 Endeworthe, Sir Stephen 1268 Esdaile, Sir James 1777 Estfeld, William 1429 „ „ 1237 Eswy, Ralph 1242 „ „ 1243 Evans, David 1891 Exmewe, Sir Thomas 1517 Exton, Nicolas 1386 „ „ 1387 Eyles, Sir John 1726 Eyre, Simon 1465
Farncomb, Thomas 1849 Farndon, Nicholas de 1308 „ „ 1313 „ „ 1320 „ „ 1323 Fauconer, Thomas 1414 Faudel-Phillips, Sir G. 1896 Feldyng, Godfrey 1452 Fenn, Sir Richard 1637 FitzAylwin, Henry 1189 „ „ 1190 „ „ 1191 „ „ 1193 „ „ 1194 „ „ 1195 „ „ 1196 „ „ 1197 „ „ 1198 „ „ 1199 „ „ 1200 „ „ 1201 „ „ 1202 „ „ 1203 „ „ 1204 „ „ 1205 „ „ 1206 „ „ 1207 „ „ 1208 „ „ 1209 „ „ 1210 „ „ 1211 „ „ 1212 „ „ 1213 Fitz Otes, Sir Hugh 1269 Fitz Richard, William 1258 „ „ 1259 Fitz Richard, William 1260 „ „ 1266 Fitz Thomas, Thomas 1261 „ „ 1262 „ „ 1263 „ „ 1264 „ „ 1265 Finnis, Thomas Quested 1856 Fleet, Sir John 1692 Flower, Sir Charles 1808 Fludyer, Sir Samuel 1761 Foot, Thomas 1649 Forbes, Sir Francis 1725 Ford, Sir Richard 1670 Forman, Sir William 1538 Forster, Stephen 1454 Fowler, R. Nicholas 1883 Fraunceys, Adam 1352 „ „ 1353 Fraunceys, Simon 1355 Freeman, Sir Ralph 1633 Frederick, Sir John 1661 Frossh, John 1394 Frowik, Henry 1444 Frowyk, Henry 1435 Fryer, Sir John 1720
Gabriel, Sir Thomas 1866 Gardener, Richard 1478 Garrard, Sir James 1601 Garrard, Sir Samuel 1709 Garratt, John 1824 Garret, Sir William 1555 Garway, Sir Henry 1634 Gascoyne, Sir Crisp 1752 Gayer, Sir John 1646 Gedeney, John 1427 Geffrey, Sir Robert 1655 Gibbon, Sills John 1871 Gibbs, Michael 1844 Gidney, John 1447 Gill, William 1788 Gisors, John 1246 „ „ 1311 „ „ 1312 „ „ 1314 Glyn, Sir Richard 1758 Glyn, Sir R. Carr 1798 Goare, Sir John 1624 Godschall, Sir R. 1741 Gore, Sir William 1701 Graham, Sir Francis 1854 Grantham, John de 1328 Green, Sir Frank 1900 Gregory, William 1451 Gresham, Sir Richard 1537 Gresham, Sir John 1547 Gurney, Sir Richard 1641 Gyseorz, John 1245
Hacket or Aket, Sir Charles 1626 Haddon, Sir Richard 1506 Hadley, John 1379 Hadley, John 1393 Hale, W. S. 1864 Halifax, Sir Thomas 1776 Halliday, Sir Leonard 1605 Hammorsley, Sir Hugh 1627 Hampton, Sir William 1472 Hanson, Sir Reginald 1886 Hanson, Sir Robert 1672 Hardel, William 1215 Hardel, Ralph 1254 „ „ 1255 „ „ 1256 „ „ 1257 Harper, Sir William 1561 Hart, Sir John 1559 Harvey, Sir Sebastian 1618 Harvie, Sir James 1581 Harvy, Walter 1271 „ „ 1272 Hawes, James 1574 Hayes, Sir Thomas 1614 Hayford, Humphrey 1477 Heathcote, Sir Gilbert 1710 Hende, John 1391 „ „ 1404 Heriet, William 1481 Hewet, Sir William 1359 Hewlyn, William 1459 Heygate, William 1822 Heyward, Sir Rowland 1870 Hill, Sir Thomas 1484 Hoare, Sir Richard 1712 „ „ 1745 Holgrave, Thomas 1467 Holles, Sir William 1839 Hooker, Sir William 1673 Hooper, John Kinnersley 1847 Hopkins, John 1791 Horne, Sir William 1487 Houblon, Sir John 1695 Humphrey, J. 1842 Humphreys, Sir W. 1714
Ireton, Sir John 1658 Ironside, Edward 1753 Isaacs, Sir H. Aaron 1889
Jamys, Sir Bartholomew 1479 Janssen, S. T. 1754 Jennings, Sir Stephen 1508 Johnson, Thomas 1840 Johnson, John 1845 Jolles, Sir John 1615 Jones, Sir Francis 1620 Joslyn, Ralph 1464 Joslyn, Sir Ralph 1476 Joynier, William 1239 Jud, Andrew 1580
Kebble, Sir Henry 1510 Kelly, Thomas 1836 Kendrick, John 1651 Key, Sir John 1830 „ „ 1831 Kniesworth, Sir Thomas 1505 Knight, Henry Edmund 1882 Knill, Sir Stuart, Baronet 1892 Knolles, Thomas 1399 „ „ 1410 Kylsyngby, Richard 1350
Lacere, Richard 1345 Ladbroke, Sir Robert 1747 Lambert, Sir Nicholas 1531 Lane, Sir Thomas 1694 Langley, Sir John 1576 Large, Robert 1349 Laurie, Sir Peter 1832 Lawrence, Sir John 1664 Lawrence, William 1863 Lawrence, J. C. 1868 Laxton, Sir William 1544 Lee, Richard 1460 „ „ 1469 Lee, Robert 1602 Legge, Thomas 1347 „ „ 1345 Leigh, Sir Thomas 1558 Leighton, Sir William 1806 Leman, Sir John 1616 Levet, Sir Richard 1699 Lewen, Sir W. 1717 Lewes, Sir Watkin 1780 Lovekyn, John 1345 „ „ 1358 „ „ 1366 Lodge, Sir Thomas 1562 Lowe, Sir Thomas 1604 Lumley, Sir Martin 1632 Lusk, Andrew 1837
M’Arthur, William 1880 Magnay, Christopher 1821 Magnay, Sir William 1843 Mallory, Sir Richard 1564 Marche, William 1455 Marshall, Sir H. 1744 Marshall, Sir Chapman 1839 Martin, William 1492 Martin, Sir Roger 1567 Mathew, John 1490 Mercer, Serle le 1214 „ „ 1217 „ „ 1218 „ „ 1219 „ „ 1220 „ „ 1221 „ „ 1222 Merlawe, Richard 1409 Mertinns, Sir G. 1724 Mesurier, Paul le 1793 Michell, John 1424 „ „ 1436 Middleton, Sir Thomas 1613 Milborne, Sir John 1521 Mirfine, Sir Thomas 1518 Monox, Sir G. 1514 Moore, Sir John 1681 Moore, Sir J. Voce 1898 Mordon, Simon 1368 More, William 1395 Mosley, Sir Nicholas 1599 Mundy, Sir John 1522 Musgrave, Sir John 1850
Nash, William 1771 Nelson, George 1765 Newnham, Nathaniel 1782 Newton, Sir Alfred J. 1899 Nicholas, Ambrose 1575 Norman, John 1250 Norman, John 1453 Northampton, John 1381 „ „ 1382 Nottage, G. Swan 1884 Notte, John 1363
Offley, Sir Thomas 1556 Olney, John 1446 Osborne, Edward 1583 Otle, Roger 1434 Owden, T. S. 1877 Oxenford, John of 1341
Pack, Christopher 1654 Paddisle, John 1440 Pargitor, Sir Thomas 1530 Parkhurst, Sir Robert 1634 Parsons, Sir John 1703 Parsons, Humphrey 1730 „ „ 1740 Parveys, John 1432 Peacock, Sir Stephen 1532 Peake, Sir William 1667 Peake, Sir John 1686 Pecche, John 1361 Peckham, Robert 1783 Peers, Sir Charles 1715 Pemberton, Sir James 1611 Pennant, Sir Samuel 1749 Pennington, Sir Isaac 1642 Percevall, Sir John 1498 Perchard, Peter 1804 Perring, John 1803 Perry, Micajah 1738 Picard, Henry 1356 Pickett, William 1789 Pilkington, Sir Thomas 1689 „ „ 1690 Pipe, Sir Richard 1578 Pirie, Sir John 1841 Philip, Matthew 1463 Philpot, John 1378 Plomer, Sir William 1781 Plumbe, Samuel 1778 Polteneye, Sir J. de 1331 „ „ 1333 Polteneye, Sir J. de 1336 Pountney, Sir John 1330 Prestone, John de 1332 Pritchard, Sir William 1682 Proby, Sir Peter 1622 Pullison, Sir Thomas 1584 Purchase, William 1497 Pyell, John 1372
Ramsey, Sir Thomas 1577 Rawlinson, Sir Thomas 1705 Raynton, Sir N. 1632 Rede, Bartholomew 1502 Refham, Richard de 1310 Remington, William 1500 Renals, Sir Joseph 1894 Renger, Richard 1223 „ „ 1224 „ „ 1225 „ „ 1226 „ „ 1238 Rest, Sir John 1516 Reynardson, Sir Abraham 1648 Reynwell, Joseph 1426 Rider, Sir William 1600 Rivers, Sir John 1573 Robinson, Sir John 1662 Roche, Sir William 1540 Roe, Sir William 1592 Roew, Sir Thomas 1568 Rokesle, Gregory de 1274 „ „ 1275 „ „ 1276 „ „ 1277 „ „ 1278 „ „ 1279 „ „ 1280 „ „ 1284 Romeyn, Thomas 1309 Rudstone, Sir John 1528 Russel, Elias 1299 „ „ 1300
Sainsbury, Thomas 1786 Salomons, David 1855 Saltenstall, Sir Richard 1597 Salter, Sir John 1739 Sanderson, Sir Joseph 1792 Sandwich, Sir Ralph de 1285 „ „ 1286 Sandwich, Sir Ralph de 1287 „ „ 1289 „ „ 1290 „ „ 1292 Savory, Sir Joseph 1890 Sawbridge, John 1775 Schadworth, John 1401 Scot, Thomas 1458 Seymer, Sir Thomas 1526 Shaa, Sir Edmund 1452 Shaa, Sir John 1501 Shaw, James 1805 Sheldon, Sir Joseph 1675 Shorter, Sir John 1687 Sidney, Thomas 1853 Skinner, Sir Thomas 1596 Skinner, Thomas 1794 Slany, Sir Stephen 1595 Smith, Thomas 1809 Smith, Christopher 1817 Smith, Sir Joseph 1684 Some, Sir Richard 1598 Souche, Alan de la 1267 Spencer, Sir John 1594 Stable, Adam 1376 Stainer, Sir Samuel 1713 Staines, Sir William 1800 Stampe, Sir Thomas 1691 Staptes, John 1885 Starling, Sir Samuel 1669 Staundon, William 1392 „ „ 1407 Stephenson, Sir William 1764 Stewart, Sir William 1721 Stodeye, John 1357 Stokton, Sir John 1470 Stone, D. H. 1874 Swanlond, Simon 1329 Swinnerton, Sir John 1612
Tailor, William 1468 Tate, John 1473 Tate, Robert 1488 Tate, Sir John 1496 Thompson, Sir John 1736 Thompson, William 1828 Thorold, Sir George 1719 Thorpe, J. T. 1820 Thovy, Michael 1244 „ „ 1248 Titchborne, Robert 1656 Townsend, Joseph 1772 Truscott, Sir F. W. 1879 Tulesan, John 1252 Tulse, Sir Henry 1683 Turke, Walter 1349 Turner, William 1668 Turner, Samuel 1768 Twyford, Nicolas 1388 Tylor, Sir G. R. 1893
Venables, William 1825 Venor, William 1389 Verney, Ralph 1465 Vyner, Thomas 1653 Vyner, Sir Robert 1674
Waithman, Robert 1823 Walcote, John 1402 Waldern, William 1422 Waleys, Henry de 1273 „ „ 1281 „ „ 1282 „ „ 1283 „ „ 1297 „ „ 1298 Walworth, William 1374 Walworth, William 1380 Ward, Sir Patience 1680 Ward, Sir John 1718 Ward, John 1484 Warde, John 1375 Warner, Sir John 1647 Warren, Sir Ralph 1536 Waterlow, Sir S. H. 1872 Waterman, Sir G. 1671 Wats, Sir John 1606 Watson, Sir Brooke 1796 Webb, Sir William 1591 Webb, Sir Henry 1608 Welles, John 1431 Wengrave, John de 1316 „ „ 1317 „ „ 1318 Westley, Sir Robert 1743 Whetham, Sir C. 1878 White, William 1489 White, Sir Thomas 1553 White, Sir John 1563 White, Sir Thomas 1876 Whitehead, Sir J., Baronet 1888 Whitmore, Sir George 1631 Whyting, Geffery 1346 Whytyngton, Richard 1397 „ „ 1406 „ „ 1419 Wich, Hugh 1461 Wifold, Richard 1450 Wilkin, Sir Walter H. 1895 Williams, Sir John 1735 Willmot, Robert 1742 Wilson, Samuel 1838 Winchester, Henry 1834 Winger, Sir John 1504 Winterbottom, Thomas 1751 Wire, D. W. 1858 Withers, Sir William 1707 Wodecok, John 1405 Wood, Sir Matthew 1815 Wood, Sir Matthew 1816 Woollaston, Sir John 1643 Wotton, Nicolas 1335 „ „ 1415 „ „ 1430 Wright, Thomas 1785 Wroth, Sir John 1360
Yardford, Sir James 1519 Yong, Sir John 1466
SHERIFFS
(FROM 1889 THE SHERIFFS WERE SHERIFFS OF THE CITY ONLY)
Abbot, John 1428 Abbott, Maurice 1627 Abdy, Arthur 1630 Abell, William 1636 Abingdone, Stephen de 1314 „ Symonde 1319 Abney, Thomas 1693 Acton, William 1628 Adams, Thomas 1639 Addrien, John 1258 „ „ 1265 „ „ 1266 „ „ 1267 „ „ 1269 Adrian, John 1277 Ailmer, Lawrence 1501 Alate, John 1580 Alderman, Jukel 1195 „ Jacob 1200 Aldermanebyri, Simon de 1201 Aldernes, Robert 1512 Alderson, Sir George 1817 Alexander, Sir John 1802 Aleyn, Thomas 1414 Aleyne, John 1471 Allen, John 1518 Allen, William 1562 Allen, Edward 1620 Allen, William Ferneley 1837 Alley, Ralph 1545 Alley, Richard 1452 Alleyne, Thomas 1654 Alliston, Frederick Pratt 1898 Alsop, Robert 1732 „ „ 1746 Altham, Edward 1531 Altham, James 1557 Ambrose, Sir Thomas 1718 Amcoates, Henry 1542 Anderson, Henry 1601 Anderson, John William 1791 Andrewe, Jacob 1632 Andrews, Henry 1632 „ Thomas 1642 Ansley, John 1809 Antioch, Gerard de 1196 Arnold, Robert 1426 Arnentiers, D’, John 1299 Arras, Ralph de 1276 Asgill, Sir Charles 1752 Ashurst, William 1691 Askew, Christopher 1525 Askham, William 1397 Atherley, John 1431 Atkins, John 1809 Atkyn, Thomas 1637 Aubray, John 1373 Aubri, Andrew 1331 Aumesberry, Martyn 1293 Austrie, Ralph 1484 Austyn, Thomas 1388 Avenon, Alexander 1561 Avery, Samuel 1647 Ayleph, Sir John 1548 Aylesham, John 1343 Acheley, Roger 1504 Alwine, Nicholas 1494
Backhouse, Nicholas 1577 Backhouse, Rowland 1628 Bacon, William 1480 Bailey, William 1515 Baker, Will 1770 Baker, Thomas 1789 Balaunce, La, Ralph 1316 Baldrie, Thomas 1517 Bamme, Adam 1382 Bankes, Edward 1563 Banks, Sir Henry 1762 Banning, Paule 1593 Barentyn, Drew 1393 Baret, William 1379 Barkham, Edward 1611 Barnard, Sir John 1735 Barne, Edward 1563 Barne, Edward 1576 Barnham, Benet 1591 Barton, Hugh de 1313 Barton, Henry 1405 Barton, Ralph 1418 Basford, Roger 1513 Basinge, Robert de 1278 Basinges, Salomon de 1214 Basinges, Hugh de 1214 Basinges, Thomas de 1269 Baskerville, Humfrey 1561 Basset, Robert 1463 Basynstoke, Richard 1347 Bat, Gerard 1232 „ „ 1235 Bat, Nicholas 1244 „ „ 1247 „ „ 1251 Bateman, Anthony 1658 Bateman, James 1701 Batencourt, Luke de 1274 Bates, John 1784 Bath, Peter 1213 Battencourt, Luke de 1266 Bayley, E. K. 1879 Baylis, Robert 1724 Beachcroft, Robert 1700 Beaumond, Thomas 1422 Becher, Sir Edward 1721 Beckford, Thomas 1677 Beckford, William 1755 Bedingfield, Robert 1702 Bedyngton, Simon 1359 Bel, Robert le 1198 Bell, Sir Thomas 1815 Bellamy, Sir E. 1723 Benet, Thomas 1594 Benn, William 1742 Bennet, Thomas 1613 Bennett, John 1871 Benson, Sir William 1706 Berking, Richard de 1341 Bernard, Walter 1744 Bernes, John 1358 Bernewell, Thomas 1434 Berneye, Walter 1360 Bery, Adam of 1349 Besaunt, Robert 1195 Besley, Robert 1864 Betaigne, William de 1288 Bethell, Slingsby 1680 „ „ 1751 Bevan, Sir Alfred Henry 1899 Bide, John 1647 Bifield, Robert 1478 Biggs, Walter 1653 Billers, Sir William 1720 Billingsley, Henry 1584 Billisdon, Robert 1473 Birch, Samuel 1811 Blachford, John 1745 Blackhall, John 1799 Blades, John 1812 Blakeneye, Peter de 1310 Blakiston, Sir Matthew 1753 Blankes, Thomas 1574 Bledlowe, Thomas 1472 Blewitt, Samuel 1696 Blount, Ralph de 1275 Blount, Walter le 1282 „ „ 1285 Blount, Ralph le 1291 Bloxam, Matthew 1787 Bludworth, Sir Thomas 1662 Blund, Robert 1197 Blund, Norman 1202 Blund, William 1216 Blund, Roger 1233 Blund, Hugh 1243 Blund, Edward 1264 Blunt, Richard 1763 Bodeleyhg, William 1315 Bokointe, John 1191 Bole, Henry le 1292 Bolet, Edmund 1306 Boleyne, Geffrey 1446 Bolles, George 1608 Bolton, William 1660 Bond, John 1567 Bond, George 1578 Booth, Felix 1828 Boreford, John de 1303 Boseham, John 1378 Bosenho, Peter de 1301 Boteler, John 1419 Botiller, James 1308 Bow, Ralph de 1244 Bowes, Martin 1540 Bowyer, William 1536 Box, Thomas 1289 Box, Martyn 1283 Box, Henry 1294 Boxe, William 1570 Boydell, John 1784 Bradbury, Thomas 1498 Brakson, Adam 1347 Brampton, William 1394 Branche, John 1571 Brander, Alexander 1792 Brandon, Walter 1355 Branscombe, Sir James 1806 Breedon, Robert 1714 Breffit, Edgar 1875 Brembre, Nicholas 1372 Breton, John 1521 Brice, Thomas 1466 Brice, Hugh 1475 Bridgen, Will 1756 Bridges, George 1816 Brikalesworthe, William 1336 Brittaine, Thomas 1484 Brocas, Richard 1728 Brocke, John 1489 Broke, Robert 1590 Brokle, John 1425 Bromfield, Edward 1626 Brond, Hamo 1204 Brond, Thomas 1499 Brook, Geffrey 1406 Brooke, James 1738 Brouh, John 1466 Broun, Stephen 1431 Brown, Anthony 1824 Browne, John 1472 Browne, Richard 1648 Browne, William 1491 „ „ 1504 Bruges, John 1513 Brun, Walter 1203 Bruning, Adam 1259 Bryan, John 1418 Buckingham, Owen 1695 Buckworth, Sir John 1704 Buddele, John de 1271 Bufle, Walter le 1231 Bukerel, Thomas 1217 „ Andrew 1224 „ Stephen 1227 „ „ 1228 „ Matthew 1255 Bukylsworth, John 1365 Bull, Sir John 1718 Bull, Frederick 1771 Bunce, James 1643 Bungeye, Reginald de 1239 Bures, John 1358 Burnell, John 1778 Burnett, Sir Robert 1794 Burt, G. 1878 Butler, William 1507
Cadell, Thomas 1800 Caller, Robert le 1301 Calowe, William 1448 Calthrope, Martin 1579 Calvert, Sir William 1743 Cambell, Thomas 1600 Cambell, James 1619 Cambell, Robert 1630 Canyng, Thomas 1449 Caple, William 1489 Carden, Robert Walter 1850 Carroll, George 1537 Carter, John 1852 Cartwright, Sir John 1761 Cass, John 1711 Caswall, Sir George 1720 Catworth, Thomas 1435 Caumbregg, William 1415 Caundyssh, Stephen 1357 Caunterbury, John de 1288 Caunton, John 1525 Causton, Joseph 1869 Caustone, William 1316 Caustone, John de 1324 Cave, Thomas 1863 Cely, John 1382 Challenor, Sir Thomas 1762 Challis, Thomas 1846 Chalton, Thomas 1846 Chamberlaine, Richard 1560 Chamberleyn, William 1189 Chamberleyn, Gervais 1237 Chambers, Richard 1644 Champneis, John 1522 Champion, Walter 1529 Champion, Richard 1588 Champion, Sir George 1737 Champion, Sir William 1798 Chandler, Thomas 1657 Chaplin, Francis 1668 Chapman, William 1437 Chapman, Francis 1678 Chaumpes, Richard de 1300 Chaunceler, Roger 1326 Chaury, Richard 1481 Chertesey, Walter 1430 Chertsey, Robert 1547 Chester, Richard 1484 Chester, William 1554 Chichele, William 1409 Chichelegh, Robert 1402 Chichestre, John of 1359 Chikewel, Richard de 1281 Chikewel, Hamond de 1314 Child, Francis 1690 Child, Sir Francis 1722 Chircheman, John 1385 Chitty, Sir Thomas 1733 Clark, Richard 1777 Clarke, Roger 1599 Clarke, George 1641 Clarke, Edward 1690 Clarke, Sir Samuel 1712 Clarke, Thomas 1885 Clayton, Robert 1671 Cletherow, Christopher 1625 Clopton, William 1346 Clopton, Robert 1435 Clopton, Hugh 1486 Cnote, William 1400 Cockaine, William 1609 Cockerell, G. J. 1861 Cokam, Henry de 1227 „ „ 1228 „ „ 1236 Cokayne, Francis 1745 Coke, Thomas 1453 Coket, Walter 1380 Cole, William 1694 „ Benjamin 1752 Colet, Henry 1477 Collett, Joseph 1697 Colwich, Robert 1475 Combe, Harvey Christian 1791 Combe, William 1441 Combemartin, Henry 1328 Conder, Edward 1858 Conduit, Geoffrey at the 1306 Conduit, Reginald at 1320 Constantin, Richard 1321 Constantyne, William 1465 Conyers, Sir Gerard 1716 Cooke, Thomas 1692 Cooke, Charles 1716 Cooper, John Robert 1895 Copeland, William Taylor 1828 Copinger, William 1506 Cordall, John 1634 Corenhell, Henry de 1189 Corenhelle, Robert de 1245 „ „ 1258 „ „ 1269 Cornhill, Stephen de 1284 Cornish, Henry 1680 Cornwayle, Thomas 1378 Corp, Symon 1310 Cotaun, John 1325 Cote, Henry 1490 Cotes, John 1535 Coteller, Salomon de 1289 Cotterell, Thomas 1551 Cotton, Walter 1411 Cotton (M.P.), W. J. R. 1868 Cotton, Allen 1616 Cowan, Lieut.-Col. Phineas 1883 Coumbemartin, William 1303 Coventre, Henry de 1259 „ „ 1273 Coventry, John de 1416 Cowan, John 1831 Cowper, John 1551 Cox, Robert Albion 1801 Crane, Nicholas 1337 Cranmer, Samuel 1761 Craven, William 1600 Crawley, Sir Ambrose 1702 Crichton, William 1780 Crispe, Ellis 1625 Croll, Alexander Angus 1052 Crosby, Sir John 1470 Crosby, Brass 1764 Crosley, Charles Decimus 1854 Crosse, Thomas 1286 Crowder, John 1825 Crowmere, William 1405 Croydon, John 1346 Croydon, Richard 1363 Cubitt, William 1847 Cullum, Thomas 1646 Curteis, Thomas 1546 Curtis, William 1788
Dakin, Thomas 1864 Dandridge, James 1758 Daniel, Peter 1683 Danyel, Thomas 1480 Darcy, Henry 1327 Darling, Sir Robert 1766 Dashwood, Samuel 1683 Dauntsey, William 1530 Davies, Sir Thomas 1667 Davies, Edward 1747 Davies, Horatio D. 1887 Dawes, John 1513 Dawes, Jonathan 1671 Deane, Richard 1619 Delme, Sir Peter 1717 Denham, William 1534 Denmars, Bartholomew 1340 Dere, William 1450 Desanges, Sir Francis 1817 Desert, Roger le 1200 Dethick, John 1649 Dewar, Thomas Robert 1897 Deynes, John 1360 Dickinson, Marshe 1751 Dimsdale, Sir Joseph Cockfield 1894 Dobbes, Richard 1543 Dodmere, Ralph 1524 Doe, Charles 1664 Dolcelle, Simon 1348 Dolcelle, Thomas 1356 Domville, William 1804 Dormer, Michael 1529 Draper, Christopher 1560 Drope, Robert 1469 Duc, Roger le 1190 „ „ 1193 Duc, Peter le 1208 Duc, Roger le 1225 Ducket, Lionel 1564 Ducie, Robert 1620 Dufhous, Thomas 1428 Duke, Joseph 1836 Duket, Nicholas 1197 Duncombe, Charles 1664 Dunk, Thomas 1709 Dunstaple, John de 1295 Dureham, William de 1268 Dureme, Thomas le 1248 Duresme, William de 1252
Eamer, Sir John 1794 Eastwick, Stephen 1652 Edelmeton, Hendry de 1232 Edmonds, Simon 1646 Edward, William 1457 Edwards, James 1669 Edwin, Humphrey 1688 Egleton, Charles 1742 Elkin, William 1586 Elwes, Geffrey 1607 Ely, Robert de 1330 Elys, Roger 1395 English, Michael 1623 Errington, Charles 1759 Estfeld, William 1422 Eswy, Ralph 1234 „ „ 1239 „ „ 1242 Eswy, William 1254 „ „ 1256 Evans, David 1885 Evans, William 1839 Everard, Alan 1415 Exmewe, Thomas 1508 Exton, Nicholas 1384 Eyles, Sir John 1719 Eyles, Joseph 1724
Fabian, Robert 1493 Farebrother, Charles 1826 Farendon, William de 1280 Farmer, Sir William 1890 Farncomb, Thomas 1840 Farrington, Richard 1608 Fastolf, Hugh 1387 Faudel-Phillips, George 1884 Faulconer, Thomas 1403 Feast, Sir Felix 1723 Felde, John 1454 Feldyng, Godfrey 1445 Fenkel, John 1487 Fenn, James 1787 Fenne, Richard 1626 Ferrer, Thomas 1539 Fevre, Rahpe de 1276 Figgins, James 1865 Fingry, Henry de 1299 Firebrace, Basil 1687 Fitz Alan, Roger 1193 „ Aliz, William 1201 „ Aliz, Martin 1213 „ Athulf, William 1194 „ Athulf, Constantyn 1198 „ Athulf, Arnold 1199 „ Auger, Peter 1264 „ Barthelmeu, Richard 1199 Fitz Duraunt, Robert 1196 „ Geoffrey, Nicolas 1273 „ Jocey, Nicholas 1248 „ John, Robert 1229 „ John, John 1242 „ Mary, Symon 1233 „ Mary, Symon 1246 „ Neal, Thomas 1208 „ Peter, Joce 1211 „ Reyner, Richard 1189 „ Richard, William 1250 „ Thomas, Thomas 1257 „ Walter, Richard 1230 „ William, Martin 1225-6 „ Yzabel, William 1194 Fleet, John 1688 Flemyng, Richard 1460 Flower, Charles 1799 Floyer, Peter 1701 Fludyer, Sir Samuel 1754 Folsham, Benit de 1324 Foot, Thomas 1645 Forbes, Francis 1713 Ford, Thomas de 1263 Ford, Sir Richard 1663 Forman, William 1533 Forsham, Roger de 1339 Forster, Thomas 1355 Forster, Stephen 1444 Forth, John 1668 Forth, Dannet 1670 Foster, Harry Seymour 1891 Fowke, John 1643 Fowler, R. N., M.P. 1880 Fowles, Thomas 1686 Fraunceis, Simon 1328 Fraunceys, John 1390 Freeman, Ralph 1623 Freling, Bartholomew 1357 Fremyngham, John 1401 Frowick, Henry de 1274 Frowyk, Lawrence de 1246 „ „ 1251 Frowyk, Henry 1427 Fryer, Sir John 1715 Fulham, Adam de 1296 Furneaux, William de 1317 Furnese, Henry 1700 Fyfhede, John 1373
Gabriel, Thomas 1859 Gamage, Anthony 1574 Gardener, Richard 1469 Garlaund, John 1211 Garrard, John 1592 Garrard, Samuel 1702 Garratt, John 1821 Garret, George 1641 Garway, Henry 1627 Gascoyne, Sir Christopher 1747 Gayer, John 1635 Gayton, Robert of 1370 Gedeney, John 1417 Geffery, Sir Charles 1673 Gerard, William 1552 Gerrard, Jacob 1636 Geseorz, John de 1240 Gibbs, William 1644 Gibbs, Michael 1840 Gibbons, Sills J. 1865 Gibson, Nicolas 1538 Gill, William 1781 Girdelere, Robert 1368 Giseburne, Adam de 1243 Gisors, William 1329 Glocester, Richard de 1294 Glode, Sir Richard 1795 Gloucester, John 1345 Glover, William 1601 Glyn, Sir Richard 1752 Glyn, Richard Carr 1790 Goare, William 1615 Goare, John 1615 Godard, Richard 1596 Godchep, Jordan 1283 Godchep, Hamod 1315 Godschall, Sir Ribert 1735 Gold, Thomas 1675 Gomeldon, William 1670 Goodbehere, Samuel 1810 Goodhart, J. E. 1848 Gore, Sir William 1698 Gosling, William 1684 Gosling, Francis 1757 Gracedieu, Bartholomew 1697 Grantham, John de 1322 Grapefige, William 1257 Gray, Edward James 1888 Green, Benjamin 1707 Green, Frank 1897 Gregory, William 1436 Gresham, Richard 1531 Gresham, John 1537 Grey, Richard 1515 Gros, Stephen de 1210 Grosvenor, Sir John 1727 Grove, Roger 1505 Gurney, Richard 1589 Gurney, Richard 1633 Gwynne, Lawrence 1818
Habraham, William 1447 Hacket, Cuthbert 1616 Hadestok, Simonde 1265 Hadley, John 1375 Hadley, S. C. 1876 Hakeneye, Richard 1321 Hales, W. S. 1858 Hales, William 1437 Halifax, Thomas 1768 Hallingbury, Adam de 1295 Halton, Henry 1407 Hamerton, Charles 1793 Hampson, Robert 1598 Hampton, William 1462 Hand, George 1894 Hankey, Sir Henry 1732 Hanson, Sir Robert 1665 Hanson, Sir Reginald 1881 Hardel, William 1207 Hardel, Ralph 1249 Hardel, Robert 1235 Harding, Robert 1568 Hardy, John 1527 Hardyng, Robert 1478 Hariot, William 1468 Harley, Henry 1763 Harmer, Joseph 1833 Harne, Richard 1618 Harper, William 1536 Harris, Sir Augustus H. G. 1890 Harris, Sir Thomas 1764 Harris, Walter Henry 1889 Harrison, Gilbert 1633 Hart, John 1579 Hart, Sir William 1760 Hart, John 1774 Harvey, Sebastian 1609 Harvey, James 1573 Harvy, Walter 1268 Hatfeld, Robert 1371 Haunsard, William 1337 Hauton, Peter 1593 Hautyn, John 1327 Haverille, William de 1191 Haverille, Thomas de 1204 Haverin, Lucas de 1300 Hawes, John 1500 Hawes, Christopher 1503 Hawtein, Walter 1286 Hayden, John 1582 Hayes, Sir Thomas 1604 Hayford, Humphrey 1467 Hayley, George 1775 Heathcote, Sir Gilbert 1703 Heathcote, George 1739 Hede, Henry 1501 Hedges, William 1693 Heigham, John 1426 Heilin, Rowland 1624 Heliland, John 1206 Helyland, Ralph 1212 Helylaunde, Ralph 1217 Hempenale, Edmund 1345 Hende, John 1381 Hereford, William de 1287 Herlison, John 1190 Herne, Sir Nathan 1674 Herne, Sir William 1797 Hervi, Walter 1265 Hewlyn, William 1449 Heygate, William 1811 Heyleston, John 1379 Higgs, William A. 1887 Highlord, John 1634 Hill, Rowland 1541 Hill, Charles 1847 Hille, Thomas 1474 Hiltoft, John 1363 Hind, Augustine 1550 Hinggeston, John de 1334 Hoare, Sir Richard 1709 Hoare, Richard 1740 Hobberthorne, Henry 1542 Hodges, John 1622 Holand, Raphe 1429 Holbech, Hugh 1369 Holgrave, Thomas 1455 Holiday, Leon 1595 Hollyday, William 1617 Holmeden, Edward 1598 Hooker, Sir William 1665 Hopkins, Sir Ribert 1723 Hopkins, John 1784 Hopton, Charles 1708 Horewod, Thomas 1330 Horn, John 1272 „ „ 1275 Horne, Robert 1446 Horne, William 1476 Houblon, John 1689 House, Robert 1586 How, Richard 1678 Hoy, Michael 1812 Humphrey, John 1832 Humphrey, Sir William 1704 Hunter, C. S. 1808 Hunter, William 1844 Husbonde, John 1332 Hyde, William 1399
Ilam, Thomas 1479 Illidge, John 1834 Ireland, Thomas 1365 Iretan, John 1651 Irland, George 1461 Ironside, Edward 1748 Isaacs, Sir Henry A. 1886 Isaak, William 1688
Jackman, Edward 1564 Jamys, Nicolas 1423 Jamys, Bartholomew 1462 Janssen, S. T. 1749 Jarveis, Richard 1546 Jaye, Henry 1613 Jefferies, Jeffery 1699 Jeninges, Stephen 1498 Jennings, Nicholas 1523 Johnson, Thomas 1506 Johnson, Robert 1617 Johnson, John 1836 Johnson, Thomas 1838 Johnson, John 1873 Jolles, Sir John 1605 Jones, Sir Roger 1604 Jones, Francis 1610 Jones, Hugh 1862 Jones, Robert 1870 Joslyn, Ralph 1458 Joyner, William 1222 Jud, Andrew 1544 Juvene, Peter le 1209 Juvene, Constantine de 1212 Juvene, Joce le 1220
Karlyll, Adam 1388 Katcher, John 1587 Kaye, John de 1202 Keats, Frederick 1856 Kelly, Thomas 1825 Kendrick, John 1645 Kennard, R. W. 1846 Kennedy, R. H. 1855 Kensey, Thomas 1685 Keslingbury, Richard de 1342 Key, John 1824 Keyser, P. de 1882 Kimpton, William 1576 Kirby, Lieut.-Col Sir Alfred 1886 Kirby, Robert 1816 Kite, Sir Robert 1760 Knesworth, Thomas 1495 Knight, H E 1875 Knill, Stuart 1889 Knipe, Sir Randolph 1714 Knolles, Thomas 1394 Koudres, John de 1238 Kyme, John 1520 Kyrkby, John 1507
Ladbroke, Sir Robert 1743 Lainson, John 1835 Lambert, John 1551 Lambert, Richard 1566 Lambert, Daniel 1733 Langham, John 1642 Langston, Sir Stephen 1796 Large, Robert 1430 Laun, Robert de 1376 Laurie, John 1845 Lawrence, Sir Joseph 1900 Lawrence, William 1849 „ „ 1857 Laxstone, William 1540 Lee, Richard 1452 Lee, Robert 1594 Legge, Thomas 1344 Leigh, Thomas 1555 Leigh, Joseph 1814 Leighton, Sir William 1803 Lemon, John 1606 Lengleys, Walter 1277 Lequesne, Sir Joseph 1739 Lethieullier, C 1689 Leveson, Nicolas 1534 Levett, Richard 1691 Levett, Richard 1728 Lewen, William 1712 Lewes, Sir Walker 1772 Linton, Robert de 1254 Lion, John 1550 Liptrap, John 1795 Lobenham, Ralph 1412 Lock, William 1548 Lock, Sir John 1726 Lodge, Thomas 1559 Lok, John 1461 Lombe, Sir Thomas 1727 Long, John 1528 Louthe, William 1404 Lovekyn, John 1342 Loveye, John 1389 Lowe, Thomas 1595 Lucas, Adam 1340 Lucas, M. P. 1822 Lumbard, John 1460 Lumley, Martin 1614 Lusk, Andrew 1860 Lycett, Sir F. 1866 Lynge, John 1433 Lynne, Rauf 1349 Lyons, Richard 1374 Lytele, John 1353
Machel, John 1555 Magnay, Christopher 1813 Magnay, William 1841 Mallory, Richard 1557 Malpas, Philip 1439 Marberer, Hugh 1338 Marchall, Robert 1439 Marshall, Chapman 1850 Martin, William 1483 Martin, John 1532 Martin, Roger 1559 Martin, Richard 1581 Martin, Joseph 1770 Masham, William 1583 Maucaulay, G. M. 1790 Maunfeld, Gilbert 1392 Mazerier, William le 1278 „ „ 1281 Mechi, J. J. 1856 Mellish, William 1798 Menhil, Francis 1661 Merlawe, Richard 1402 Merttins, Sir George 1721 Michell, John 1414 Middilton, John 1450 Middleton, Thomas 1603 Miles, Sir John 1806 Milles, Henry 1571 Mills, Edward 1695 Milner, Tempest 1656 Milred, William 1425 Mirfine, Thomas 1511 Mokkinge, John de 1331 Monmouth, Humphrey 1535 Monox, George 1509 Montefiore, Moses 1837 Moore, Sir John Voce 1893 Moore, John 1383 Mordon, Simon 1364 Mordone, George de 1325 Mordone, Walter de 1335 More, Ralph de la 1279 More, W. J. 1386 Morgan, Walter Vaughan 1900 Morstede, Thomas 1436 Moseley, Nicholas 1590 Moulson, Thomas 1623 Muggeridge, Henry 1854 Mundy, John 1514 Munpelers, Richard de 1262 Murden, Jeremiah 1725 Muschamp, Thomas 1463 Musgrave, John 1843
Nash, Sir Nathaniel 1761 Nash, William 1767 Nedeham, Richard 1548 Nele, Walter 1337 Nelson, George 1757 Nevelun, Andrew 1215 Newenton, Thomas 1392 Newland, Thomas 1483 Newman, William 1789 Newnham, Nathaniel 1775 Newton, Alfred J. 1888 Nicholas, Ambrose 1566 Nicholl, John 1413 Nicholson, William 1781 Nicoll, Donald 1849 Nines, Nicholas 1502 Nissen, F. N. 1863 Nordon, Richard 1442 Norman, John 1234 Norman, John 1443 North, John 1376 North, Dudley 1682 Northampton, John de 1253 Norton, William 1408 Nottage, G. S. 1877 Notte, John 1350 Notyngham, Richard 1356
Offley, Thomas 1553 Offley, Hugh 1558 Ogg, Sir W. A. 1881 Oghgon, John 1385 Oleph, John 1568 Olyneye, John 1432 Osborne, Edward 1575 Ottele, Robert 1427 Owden, T. S. 1870
Packe, Christopher 1649 Paget, Robert 1536 Palmere, Roger 1309 Pargitor, Thomas 1521 Paris, Richard de 1271 Paris, Simon de 1302 Paris, Roger de 1304 Parkins, J W 1819 Parsons, Humphrey 1722 Parsons, John 1687 Partrich, Nicolas 1519 Pattesley, John 1432 Peacock, Stephen 1526 Peak, William 1660 Peake, John 1676 Pecche, John 1352 Peckham, Robert 1777 Peek, Richard 1832 Peers, Sir Charles 1707 Peers, Richard 1767 Pemberton, Hugh 1490 Pemberton, Joseph 1602 Pennant, Sir Samuel 1744 Pennington, Isaac 1638 Perchard, Peter 1793 Percivall, John 1486 Perkins, Frederick 1872 Perring, John 1800 Perry, Hugh 1632 Perry, Micajah 1734 Perveys, John 1418 Pesur, Joce le 1218 Philips, James 1653 Phillips, Sir Richard 1807 Phillips, B. S. 1859 Philpot, Matthew 1451 Picard, Henry 1348 Pickett, William 1783 Pikard, Richard 1253 „ „ 1260 Pike, Nicolas 1332 Pilcher, Jeremiah 1842 Pilkington, Thomas 1681 Pinchon, Nicolas 1532 Pindar, Thomas 1731 Pipe, Richard 1572 Pirie, John. 1831 Plomer, William 1774 Plomer, Sir Samuel 1810 Plimbe, Samuel 1776 Plimer, John 1459 Poland, W. H. 1830 Polle, Thomas 1403 Poole, John 1625 Porteen, Francis 1725 Poter, Walter le 1269 Pound, John 1895 Pountfreit, William 1338 Pountfreyt, Henry 1407 Poyntel, John 1318 Pranell, Henry 1585 Prat, Henry 1631 Prescot, Alexander 1612 Prestone, John de 1319 Price, Charles 1798 Priest, John 1532 Prior, John 1317 Pritchard, Sir William 1672 Probyn, Lieut.-Col. Clifford 1898 Prudhomme, William 1320 Pugh, Evan 1779 Pullison, Thomas. 1573 Purchase, William 1492 Pyat, Richard 1610 Pycot, Nicolas 1307 Pyell, John 1369 Pyke, Thomas 1410 Pykeman, Andrew 1377
Radcliffe, Anthony 1585 Rainton, Nicolas 1621 Ramsey, Thomas 1567 Raphael, Alexander 1834 Rawlins, Sir William 1801 Rawlinson, Thomas 1686 Rawlinson, Thomas 1748 Rawstorne, William 1677 Raymond, Jonathan 1679 Read, Bartholomew 1497 Reay, John 1814 Rede, Henry 1417 Refham, Richer de 1298 Remington, William 1487 Renals, Sir Joseph 1892 Renger, Richard 1221 Revell, Robert 1490 Reynardson, Abraham 1640 Reynolds, Richard 1532 Reynwell, William 1411 Rich, Peter 1682 Riche, Richard 1441 Richardson, W. H. 1829 Rider, William 1591 Ritchie, Sir James Thompson 1896 Rivers, John 1565 Rives, Sir Richard 1663 Roberts, John 1818 Robinson, John 1657 Roche, William 1524 Roe, William 1582 Roe, Henry 1597 Rogers, Sir Robert Hargreaves 1896 Rokele, John de la 1341 Rokesle, Gregory de 1263 „ „ 1265 „ „ 1270 Rokesle, Robert de 1284 „ „ 1293 Rotherham, Edward 1612 Rothing, Edward 1326 Rothwell, Richard 1819 Rous, Sir William 1736 Rowe, Thomas 1560 Rudge, Edward 1637 Rudstone, John 1522 Rumeye, Thomas 1290 Rumney, Sir William 1603 Russe, William 1429 Russel, Elias 1292 Russell, Samuel 1731 Rycard, Andrew 1651
Sainsbury, Thomas 1780 St. Albans, John of 1362 Salesbury, Adam de 1323 Salomons, David 1835 Saltenstall, Richard 1588 Salter, Sir John 1734 Saly, Thomas 1298 Samuel, Marcus 1894 Sanderson, Sir James 1785 Savory, J. 1882 Sawbridge, John 1769 Sayre, Stephen 1773 Schadworth, John 1391 Scholey, George 1804 Scot, Thomas 1447 Scudamore, Sir Clement 1605 Seman, Simon 1424 Sevenok, William 1412 Seymer, Thomas 1516 Seynter, Benedict le 1216 Shaa, Edmond 1474 Shaa, Sir Joseph 1496 Shard, Sir Isaac 1730 Sharpe, Joshua 1713 Shaw, James 1803 Shaw, John 1874 Sheldon, Sir Joseph 1666 Shelley, John 1471 Shelton, Nicolas 1511 Shoare, Richard 1505 Shorter, John 1675 Sidney, Thomas 1844 Skevington, John 1520 Skinner, Thomas 1587 Skinner, T. 1783 Slany, Stephen 1584 Sleigh, Edmund 1654 Smart, Sir Joseph 1698 Smelte, Richard 1354 Smith, Richard 1508 Smith, Thomas 1600 Smith, Humfrey 1629 Smith, John 1669 Smith, Sir James 1672 Smith, William 1741 Smith, Thomas 1805 Smith, Christopher 1807 Smith, Clarence 1883 Smith, J. J. 1808 Smithes, George 1611 Smyth, Symkyn 1468 Soame, Thomas 1635 Some, Stephen 1589 Somer, Henry 1495 Spencer, James 1518 Spencer, James 1583 Splyman, Stephen 1404 Spottiswoode, Andrew 1827 Stable, Adam 1391 Stable, Charles 1827 Stahes, Thomas de 1287 Staines, Sir William 1796 Stalbroke, Thomas 1467 Stampe, Thomas 1676 Stanier, Sir Samuel 1705 Staples, John 1877 Starling, Samuel 1661 Staundon, William 1386 St. Edmund, Fulke de 1289 Steed, William 1500 Stephenson, William 1756 Steward, John 1456 Stewart, William 1711 Steynethorpe, Gilbert of 1351 Stokker, John 1459 Stokker, Sir William 1493 Stokkes, John 1477 Stokton, John 1466 Stone, D. H. 1867 Storteforde, John de 1297 Storteforde, W. de 1297 Style, Nicolas 1607 Suckley, Henry 1451 Sutton, John 1413 „ „ 1440 Swan, John 1485 Sweetapple, John 1694 Swift, Richard 1851 Swinerton, John 1602 Syward, John 1343
Taillour, Philip le 1261 „ „ 1269 Tailor, William 1454 Tate, John 1464 Tate, Robert 1481 Tate, John 1485 Tatersale, Robert 1422 Taylor, Sir Robert 1782 Temse, Nathanael 1656 Tholouse, John 1543 Thomas, Nathaniel 1776 Thompson, William 1655 Thompson, William 1822 Thorgold, John 1367 Thorneye, William de 1339 Thorold, Sir Charles 1705 Thorowgood, Benjamin 1685 Thorpe, J. T. 1815 Thovy, Michael 1240 Thurstone, John 1516 Tilney, Ralph 1488 Titchborne, Robert 1650 Torriano, Sir John 1754 Totenham, William 1354 Townsend, James 1769 Towse, John 1640 Travers, John 1223 „ „ 1224 Trecothick, Barlow 1765 Treloar, Sir W. Purdie 1899 Truscott, T. W. 1871 Tulesan, John 1249 Tulse, Sir Henry 1673 Tunderle, Reginald de 1305 Turke, Walter 1334 Twentyman, W. H. 1861 Tyler, George Robert 1891
Vaillant, Paul 1759 Vallentine, James 1869 Vandeput, Peter 1684 Venables, William 1821 Venor, William 1387 Venor, William 1401 Verney, Ralph 1456 Vyel, John 1219 „ „ 1241 Vyel, William 1247
Wade, John 1398 Waithman, Robert 1800 Wakeley, John 1400 Walcote, John 1389 Waldern, William. 1399 Waldeyne, John 1453 Walebroc, Richard de 1261 Waleys, Henry 1270 Wallis, G. A. 1853 Walraven, John 1205 Walthall, William 1606 Walworth, William 1370 Wandesford, Thomas 1423 Ward, Sir John 1470 Ward, John 1479 Ward, Patience 1670 Ward, Sir John 1715 Ward, Thomas 1829 Warde, John 1366 Warley, Henry 1515 Warnar, John 1398 Warner, John 1494 „ „ 1639 Warner, Francis 1659 Warren, Raphe 1528 Water, John be the 1424 Water, Christopher 1451 Waterlow, Sir H. S. 1866 Waterlow, H. J. 1880 Waterman, George 1664 Watson, Brook 1785 Wattes, John 1596 Watts, Robert 1503 Wauborne, John de 1230 Waver, Henry 1465 Webbe, William 1581 Welbeck, William 1492 Welde, William 1353 Welde, Humphrey 1599 Welford, Richard de 1311 Welford, Thomas 1396 Welles, John 1420 Westbrook, William 1738 Westley, Robert 1733 Weston, John 1421 Westray, Thomas 1625 Wheelton, John 1839 Whetenale, William 1440 Whetham, Charles 1873 Whitaker, William 1749 Whitbread, Ive 1755 White, William 1482 White, Thomas 1547 White, John 1556 White, T. 1872 Whitehead, James 1884 Whitmore, George 1621 Whityngham, Geffery 1344 Whityngton, Richard 1393 Whydyngton, Robert 1416 Whytyngham, Robert 1419 Wich, Hugh 1444 Wifelde, Nicolas 1443 Wikyng, William 1481 Wilehale, John de 1238 Wilford, James 1499 Wilford, John 1544 Wilkes, John 1771 Wilkin, Col. Sir Walter 1892 Wilkinson, John 1519 Wilkinson, William 1538 Williams, Sir John 1729 Williams, Robert 1797 Williams, James 1820 Willmot, Robert 1741 Wilson, Rowland 1649 Wilson, Samuel 1833 Wincestre, Richard de 1205 Wincestre, Roger de 1207 Wincestre, William de 1229 Winchester, Nicolas de 1280 Winchester, Henry 1826 Windout, Thomas 1497 Winger, John 1493 Wite, William 1209 Winterbottom, Thomas 1746 Withers, William 1701 Wodecok, John 1397 Wodehous, William 1370 Wolfe, John 1696 Wood, Thomas 1491 Wood, Matthew 1809 Wood, Thomas 1838 Woodcock, Ralph 1580 Woolfe, Sir Joseph 1703 Woollaston, John 1638 Woolloton, Charles 1879 Woodroffe, David 1554 Woodroffe, Nicolas 1572 Worcester, William of 1350 Wotton, Nicolas 1406 Wright, Edmund 1629 Wright, Thomas 1779 Wroth, John 1351 Wymbledon, Richard 1219 Wymburne, Thomas de 1252 Wymondham, Adam 1368 Wynchecombe, Simon 1383 Wyteby, Adam de 1210
Yardford, James 1514 Yong, John 1455
INDEX
Abchurch Lane, 108
Adams, John, 42
Addison, Joseph, 104
Addle Hill, 208
Addle Street, 74
Aguylum, Sir Robert, 112, 116
Ainger, Alfred, 374
Aldermanbury, 70-71
Aldersgate, 349-51
Aldgate, 166-71
Alfred, King, 327
Alegate. See _Aldgate_
Allen, Fifield, 28
Allen, Sir Thomas, 163
Alleyne, Edward, 81, 187
Allhallows Barking, 282, 283
Allhallows, Bread Street, 58
Allhallows, Honey Lane, 38-9
All Hallows Lane, 259
Allhallows, Lombard Street, 105
Allhallows, London Wall, 83, 84
Allhallows Staining, 278-9
Allhallows the Great, 247-8
Allhallows the Less, 248-9
Allot, Sir John, 61
“Allutarii.” See _Cordwainers Company_
Almshouses. See _Churches_
Alwine, Nicholas, 11
Amen Corner, 347-8
Anchorites, 84
Ancient Schools, 385-429
Andrewes, Lancelot, Bishop of Chichester, Ely, and Winchester, 82
Anker, Sir Simon, 84
Apothecaries Company, 204-5
Architecture, 133
Ardene, James, Dean of Chester, 171
Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of, 187
Arkwythe, John, 20
Armourers and Brasiers Company, 65, 66
Armourers’ and Brasiers’ Hall. See _Armourers and Brasiers Company_
Armoury, The, 295-8
Arms, College of. See _Herald’s College_
Arts, Society of, 380
Ascham, Roger, 321
Ashehill, Thomas, 17
Assay Office, 46
Austin Friars, 134
Ave Marie Lane, 347-8
Avenon, Sir Alexander, 10
Bacon, Sir Nicholas, 84, 85
Baker, Philip, 207
Baker, Samuel, 114
Bakers, 55
Bakers Company, 274-5
Bakewell Hall. See _Blackwell Hall_
Battishill, Jonathan, 107
Balmerino, Lord, 286, 298
Baltic and South Sea House, 129
Bamme, Adam, 20
Bancroft, 22
Bane, Ralph, Bishop of Lichfield, 368
Bank of Australia, 130
Bank of England, 94
Bankers in Fleet Street, 365
Baptists, 114
Barbers Company, 88-90
Barham, Richard, 62
Barlow, William, Bishop of Rochester, 276
Barrington, Daines, 375
Barrow, Isaac, 136
Bartholomew Close, 355
Bartholomew Lane, 128
Basing, Adam, 67
Basing, Hugh, 67
Basing, Solomon, 67
Basinghall Street, 67
Bassishaw Street. See _Basinghall Street_
Bates, Dr. William, 369
Baxter, Richard, 128, 320, 369
Bayley, Lewis, Bishop of Bangor, 60
Baynard’s Castle, 190, 215, 216
Bearbinder Lane. See _George Street_
Beaumont’s Inn, 217
Becket, Thomas à, 399
Begerow. See _Budge Row_
Beggars, 308
Bell Inn, 323
Bell, William, Rector of St. Lawrence, Jewry, 27
Bell, William, Prebendary of Westminster, 320
Bell Yard, 102, 366
Belmeis, Bishop Richard de, 390
Beloe, William, 84
Berdmore, Dr., 346
Betterton, Thomas, 382
Beveridge, Bishop of St. Asaph, 97
Bevis Marks, 174
Bickerstaffe, Isaac, 367
Billingsgate, 192, 272-3
Billingsgate Fish Market, 271-3
Billingsley, Sir Henry, 150
Billiter Street, 150
Birch, Dr. Thomas, 249
Birchin Lane, 108
Birchover Lane. See _Birchin Lane_
Bishop, Samuel, 132
Bishopsgate, 175-9, 350
Bishopsgate Institute, 188
Bishopsgate Street Without, 188
Blackall, Offspring, Bishop of Exeter, 49
Blackfriars Bridge, 191-3
Blackfriars Precinct, 200
Blackfriars Theatre, 203
Blackstone, Sir William, 376
Blackwell Hall, 30-32
Blage, Thomas, 43
Blake, C., 321
Blizzard, Sir William, 187
Blomfield, Charles, Bishop of Chester, 188
Bloomfield, Robert, 64
Blowbladder Street, 325, 345, 352
Blue Boar Court, 60
Boar’s Head Tavern, 106, 263
Bodley, Sir Thomas, 355
Boleyn, Queen Anne, 289, 291, 298
Boleyn, William, 10
Bolt Court, 380
Booth, Charles, Bishop of Hereford, 225
Boss Alley, 218
Boswell, James, 259, 367
Bothe, Lawrence, Bishop of Durham, 40, 272
Bow Lane, 53, 54
Bowes, Sir Martin, 46, 103, 104, 106
Bowyer Lane. See _Ludgate Hill_
Bowyer, Sir William, 96
Boyse, Samuel, 17, 76
Bradberry, Thomas, 67
Bradbury, Thomas, 114
Bradford, Samuel, Bishop of Gloucester, 11
Brady, Nicholas, 165
Branch, Sir John, 110
Bray, William, 185
Bread Street, 54-8
Bread Street Hill, 220
Breerewood, Francis, 96
Brewers Company, 74, 75
Brice, Sir Hugh, 106
Brick Court, 375
Brideoake, Ralf, Bishop of Chichester, 127
Bridewell, 313, 315
Bridewell Palace, 190-91
Bridge Gate, 350
Bridge Street, 190
Bridgewater Square, 80
British and Foreign Bible Society, 207-8
Britton, Thomas, 78
Broad Street, 132-4
Broderers Company, 75
Broken Wharf, 218
Brotherton, Thomas, Earl of Norfolk, 218
Brough, William, 98
Brown, Alexander, 22
Brown, Tom, 78
Browne, Sir Thomas, 49, 326
Buchan, Dr., 346
Buckingham, 2nd Duke of, 170, 235
Buckler, Samuel, 352
Buckeridge, John, 82
Bucklersbury, 52
Budge Row, 6
Bulkely, Arthur, Bishop of Bangor, 225
Bull and Mouth Street, 352
Bullen, Sir Jeffrey, 22, 26
Bulleyn, Sir Thomas, 246
Bullingham, John, Bishop of Gloucester, 40
Bull’s Head Passage, 102
Bundy, Dr. Richard, 383
Burbage, Richard, 203
Burke, Edmund, 376
Burley House, 216
Burley, Sir Simon, 216
Burse, 158
Burton, Henry, 60
Butchers, 306
Butchers’ Bridge, 216
Butchers Company, 355-6
Butchers of the Stokkes, 122, 124
Busby, Thomas, 81
Bygod, Hugh de, 218
Cade, Jack, 251, 275
Cæsar, Sir Julius, 375
Calamy, Edmund, 71
Calamy, Edmund, the younger, 71
Caldwell, Dr. Richard, 214
Calendar of St. Paul’s Muniments, 389
Candlewick Street. See _Cannon Street_
Cannon, Robert, 320
Cannon Street, 249-52
Cannon Street Station, 242, 244
Capel Court, 129
Carew, Sir Nicholas, 171
Carlisle, Rev. W., 270
Carpenter, John, 409
Carpenter, John, 96
Carpenters Company, 143-5
Carter Lane, 208-9
Cartwright, Thomas, 223
Castle Mail Packet Company, 148
Cateaton Street. See _Gresham Street_
Catherine Court, 282
Cattle Street. See _Gresham Street_
Cattling Street. See _Gresham Street_
Cave, William, 248
Caxton, William de, 249
Chalmers, Alexander, 347
Champney, Sir John, 275
Change Alley, 99, 100
Chantries. See _Churches_
Chapter Coffee House, 346-7
Charles I., 215
Charter of London, 326
Chatterton, Thomas, 108, 346, 356
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 167-8, 372
Cheapside, 1-9; conduit, 7; cross, 4, 5, 6; standard in Cheape, 3, 4
Chelmsford, Thesiger, Lord, 375
Chequer Lane. See _Dowgate Hill_
Cheyne, Sir William, 214
Chichele, Henry, Archbishop of Canterbury, 119, 275
Chichele, John, 274-5
Child, Sir Francis, 46
Christ Church, 319-20
Christian Evidence Society, 114
Christmas, Gerard, 350
Christ’s Hospital, 306-19
Church Court, 107
Churchill, Charles, 346
Church Missionary Society, 382
City Carlton Club, 110, 115
City Churches, 2-3
City Liberal Club, 118
City Linen Company Bank, 102
City of London Brewery, 244
City of London Club, 137
City of London College, 79-80
City of London Court, 68
City of London School, 38
City of London School for Girls, 191
Clarence, George, Duke of, 245
Clarendon, 376
Clark, Sir Edward, 60
Clayton, Sir Robert, 22
Cloak Street, 222
Clopton, Margery, 96
Cloth Fair, 356
Clothworkers Company, 276-8
Coach and Coach-harness Makers Company, 86
Coaches from London, 352
Coachmakers Company, 85, 86
Coal Exchange, 270, 271, 278
Cobbett, William, 381
Cobblers. See _Cordwainers Company_
Cobden, Richard, 60
Cock Lane, 321
Coffee-houses, 99, 100, 108, 346
Coke, Sir Edward, 375
Coke, Sir John, 224
Cold Harbour, 244
Colechurch Street. See _Old Jewry_
Coleman Street, 63, 64
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 319
Colet, Dean, 62
College Hill, 232, 235
College Street, 232
Colwyn, William, 50
Companies—Apothecaries, 204, 205; Armourers and Brasiers, 65, 66; Bakers, 274, 275; Barbers, 88, 90; Brewers, 74, 75; Broderers, 76; Butchers, 355, 356; Carpenters, 143-5; Clothworkers, 276-8; Coach and Coach-harness Makers, 86; Coachmakers, 85, 86; Coopers, 68, 69; Cordwainers, 252, 253; Curriers, 274; Cutlers, 324; Drapers, 142, 143; Dyers, 240; Fishmongers, 259-61; Founders, 115; Fruiterers, 227; Girdlers, 67, 68; Goldsmiths, 44-47; Grocers, 13-15, 204; Haberdashers, 29, 30; Innholders, 232, 233; Ironmongers, 148, 149; Leathersellers, 184, 185; Mercers, 33, 429; Merchant Adventurers, 33; Needlemakers, 127; Painters or Painter Stainers, 221; Parish Clerks, 87; Pinners, 68, 134, 137; Saddlers, 9; Salters, 111, 115; Skinners, 238-40; Stationers, 199-201; Tallow Chandlers, 243-45; Vintners, 229-32; Watermens, 267; Wax Chandlers, 30
Condell, Henry, 71
Conduits, 7, 94, 124
Consolidated Bank, 128
Conyhope Lane. See _Grocers’ Alley_
Copped Hall, 239
Copthall Avenue, 140
Copthall Buildings, 139
Cordwainers Company, 252, 253
Cordwainers’ Street. See _Bow Lane_
Cornhill, 91-9
Cornhill Conduit, 94
Cornhill, St. Michael’s, 97, 98
Cornhill, St. Peter’s, 95-7
Cotton, William, Bishop of Exeter, 264
Coventry, Sir John, 11
Coverdale, Miles, 263
Cowie, Benjamin Morgan, 27
Cowley, Abraham, 365
Cowper, John, 98
Cowper, William, 374
Cowper, William, Earl of, 376
Crane Court, 379
Craven, Sir William, 172
Creed Lane, 209
Crispe, Ellis, 58
Crockford, William, 366
Cromwell, Oliver, 64, 82, 165
Cronne, William, 17
Crosby Hall, 178-81
Crosby, Sir John, 178, 183
Crosby Square, 182
Crown Place, 172
Croxall, Samuel, 219
Crutched Friars, 279
Curll, Edmond, 364
Curriers Company, 74
Custom House, 273
Cutlers Company, 324
Dale, Thomas, 383
Danes, Hall of the, 249
Darcy, Thomas, Lord, 171
Davenant, Lady, 382
Davenport, John, 64
Davy, Sir Humphry, 205
Davys, George, Bishop of Peterborough, 84
Dean’s Court, 210
“Dea Matres,” 280
Dee, Francis, Bishop of Peterborough, 105, 222
Defoe, Daniel, 356
Derwentwater, Earl of, 286
Despenser, Hugh le, 8
Despencers, 371
Deutsche Bank, 104
Devereux, Robert, 280
Devon, Henry Courtenay, Earl of, 254
D’Ewes, Sir Symonds, 366
Diana’s Chamber, 213
Dickens, Charles, 376
Distaff Lane, 61
Dobbes, Sir Richard, 60
Doctors’ Commons, 210, 211
Doctors’ Commons, The Deanery, 210
Doggett’s Coat and Badge, 259
Dolben, John, Archbishop of York, 82
Do Little Lane, 211
Dolly’s Chop House, 346
Dominicans, the, or Blackfriars, 190, 200
Donne, Dr. John, 367
Dormer, Sir Michael, 26
Douglas, John, Bishop of Carlisle, 62
Dowgate Hill, 239
Dowgate Wharf, 241
Downham, George, Bishop of Derry, 326
Drake, Sir Thomas, 246
Drapers Company, 142, 143
Drayton, Michael, 365
Dryden, John, 116, 379
Ducksfoot Lane, 255
Dudley, Edmund, 117
Dudley, Lord Guildford, 286, 298
Duke Humphrey, tomb of, 206
Duncombe, Sir Charles, 46
Dung Hill Lane. See _Gardeners’ Lane_
Dyers Company, 240
Earle, Alfred, Bishop of Marlborough, 188
East India House, 162
East Street, 138
Edward IV., 215
Edward VI., 316
Elbow Lane. See _College Hill_
Elcot, Sir John, 298
Eldon, John Scott, Earl of, 376
Elizabeth, Queen, 215, 291
Ellys, Anthony, Bishop of St. David’s, 24, 41
Elms, 357-8
Elsing Spital, 73
Elways, Sir Gervase, 286
Empson, Sir Richard, 117
Engain Lane, 85
Erber, The, 245, 246
Erkenwald, Bishop, 176, 327, 332
Essex, Arthur Capel, 291
Essex, Cromwell, Earl of, 286, 298
“Evil May Day,” 172
Exchange, The Royal, 94, 95, 128
Excise Office, 134
Exeter, John Holland, Duke of, 253
Fabian, Robert, 98
Farmer, Hugh, 114
Farringdon Within, 300
Farringdon Without, 300
Felton, Nicholas, Bishop of Bristol, 11
Fenchurch Street, 146-8
Fen Court, 148
Fenwick, Sir John, 286
Ferguson, James, 381
Fetter Lane, 379
Fewter Lane. See _Fetter Lane_
Fickett’s Field, 371, 379
Finch Lane, 95
Finsbury Circus, 138
Finsbury Square, 138
Fire of 1666, The, 195, 265, 333, 372
Fish Market, 361
Fishmongers Company, 259-61
Fish Street Hill, 263
Fish Wharf, 217
Fitchett’s Court, 85
Fitz-Alwine, Sir Henry, 246, 250
Fitzwalter, Lord, 190
Fitzwalter, Robert, 215
Fleet River, 190, 383, 384
Fleet Street, 362-9
Fleetwood, William, 84, 86
Fleetwood, William, Bishop of St. Asaph’s, 62
Fleur-de-Lys Court, 202-3
Fordyce, Dr., 346
Fore Street, 82
Foster Lane, 42
Foster, Dr. James, 22
Fotherby, Michael, Bishop of Salisbury, 11
Founders Company, 115
Fountain Court, 375
Fox, George, 103
Foxe, John, 79, 81
Franklin, Benjamin, 352
Fratres de Saccâ, 22
Frederick Place, 23
Freeman, Samuel, 28
Friday Street, 58-60
Frobisher, Sir Martin, 81
Fruiterers Company, 227
Fuller, Thomas, 107
Fuller, William, Bishop of Lincoln, 121
Fuller, William, Dean of Durham, 43, 82
Furneaux, Dr. Philip, 114
Fye foot Lane, 219
Galley Quay, 274
Galoche-makers Company, 185
Gaol Fever, 303
Gardens, 63
Gardeners’ Lane, 219
Gardiner, George, 70, 132
Gardiner, Richard, 51
Garlick Hill, 224
Garlick Hithe. See _Garlick Hill_
Garrard, Thomas, 39
Garraway’s Coffee-house, 99, 100
Garrick, David, 108
Garscherche Street. See _Gracechurch Street_
Gates, 139, 169, 176, 178, 196, 300, 301, 349, 350
Gatford, Lionel, 153
Gell, Robert, 49
General Market, 360
General Post Office Savings Bank, 208
George Street, 117
George Yard, 104
Gerrard’s Hall, 56, 57
Gibbon, Edward, 163
Gibbons, Grinling, 295, 336
Giglii, Giovanni, Bishop of Worcester, 258
Gilbert, Robert, Bishop of London, 105
Girdlers Company, 67, 68
Girdlers’ Hall. See _Girdlers Company_
Gisors, John, 229
Gloucester, Duchess of, 259
Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of, 215
Gloucester, Richard, Duke of, 178
Glover, Richard, 256
Glyn, William, Bishop of Bangor, 198
Godfrey, Michael, 116
Godliman Street, 210
Gold, Henry, 49
Goldsmith, Oliver, 205, 346, 365, 374, 375, 382
Goldsmiths Company, 43, 47
Goldsmiths’ Hall. See _Goldsmiths Company_
Goldsmiths’ Row, 8
Gooch, Sir Thomas, 107
Goode, William, 207
Goodwin, John, 64
Goose and the Gridiron Tavern, 347
Gouge, William, 202
Gough Square, 381
Gracechurch Buildings, 102
Gracechurch Street, 100
Gracious Street. See _Gracechurch Street_
Grasschurch Street. See _Gracechurch Street_
Gray, Thomas, 100
Great Eastcheap, 263
Great St. Helen’s, 182
Great St. Thomas Apostle Street, 222
Great Swan Alley, 139
Great Trinity Lane, 222
Green Dragon Court, 205
Green Dragon Yard, 321
Green, Robert, 241
Gregory, William, 28
Gresham Club, 106
Gresham College, 27, 134-6
Gresham Life Assurance Society, 17
Gresham Place, 106
Gresham, Sir John, 69
Gresham, Sir Richard, 26
Gresham, Sir Thomas, 103, 134, 183
Gresham Street, 24
Grey Friars’ Church, 310, 314
Grey, Lady Jane, 298
Griffith, Maurice, Bishop of Rochester, 108, 263
Grocers’ Alley, 13
Grocers Company, 13-16, 204
Grove, Robert, Bishop of Chichester, 173
Grub Street. See _Milton Street_
Guildhall, 27
Guildhall Chambers, 69
Guildhall School of Music, 191
Guildhall Yard, 30
Guy, Thomas, 103
Gwent, Richard, 10
Gwynneth, John, 10
Haberdashers Company, 29, 30
Haberdashers’ Hall. See _Haberdashers Company_
Hacket, William, 8
Hale, William, 82
Hall, Edward, 52
Hall, William, 43
Hammersley, Sir Hugh, 172
Hanseatic League, 244
Harding, John, 207
Hardy, Nathaniel, 153
Hare Court. See _Ram Alley_
Hart, Sir John, 112, 116
Hart, Sir Percival, 275
Hart Street, 279
Harris, 382
Harvey, Dr. William, 256
Hasnet, Samuel, Archbishop of York, 264
Haunce merchants, 176
Hawes, Sir James, 110
Hawkesworth, John, 276
Hawkins, Sir John, 276
Hayward, Sir Rowland, 72
Heneage Lane, 174
Heminge, John, 71
Henry V., 245
Henry VIII., 215
Heraclius, Patriarch of Jerusalem, 373
Herald’s College, 208-9
Herbert, Lord, of Cherbury, 62
Hermitage of St. James, 87
Herrick, Robert, 43
Hewitt, John, 213
High Courts of Justice, 366
Historical Manuscripts Commission, 340, 389
Hoadley, Benjamin, Bishop of Winchester, 137
Hodgkin, Bishop of Bedford, 97
Hody, Humphrey, 234
Hogarth, William, 354
Hoggene Lane. See _Huggin Lane_
Holdsworth, Richard, Dean of Worcester, 137
Holy Trinity, Minories, 299
Holy Trinity the Less, 221-2
Hone, William, 365
Honey Lane Market, 38
Hood, Thomas, 12
Hook, Theodore, 367
Hooke, Robert, 136
Hoole, John, 366
Hopton, John, Bishop of Norwich, 28
Horsepoole, Simon, 105
Horton, Thomas, 23, 183
Hosier Lane. See _Bow Lane_
Hospital, Royal London Ophthalmic, 137-8
Hospital, St. Anthony’s, 127
Hospitallers of St. John, 371
Hostillers Company. See _Innholders Company_
Houndsditch, 175
Howard, Katherine, 298
Howell, Thomas, Bishop of Bristol, 119
How, William Walsham, Bishop of Bedford, 173
Huggin Lane, 221
Hunt, Leigh, 319
Hunter, John, 205
Hunter, William, 205
Inner Temple, 374
Inner Temple, Masters of, 374
Innholders Company, 232-3
Institute of Chartered Accountants, 139
Ireland, John, 58
Ireland Yard, 205
Ironmonger Lane, 32
Ironmongers Company, 148-9
Ismongers’ Lane. See _Ironmonger Lane_
Ive, William, 234
Ivy Lane, 325, 344
Jansen, Cornelius, 202
Jeffreys, Judge, 71
Jenkyn, William, 320
Jenner, 205
Jerrold, Douglas, 365
Jesus’ Common, 240
Jewin Crescent, 352
Jewin Street, 352
Jewry, 283
Jews, 21-4, 40
Johnson, Edmund, 419, 422, 424
Johnson, Sir John, 43
Johnson, Dr. Samuel, 259, 325, 346, 347, 365, 367, 375, 380, 381
Johnson’s Court, 380, 381
Jonathan’s Coffee-house, 99, 100
Jones, Inigo, 214, 255
Jonson, Ben, 202
Jortin, Dr. John, 276
Joustings, 6
Judde, Andrew, 183
Keats, John, 187, 205
Keble, Sir Henry, 49
Kennett, White, Bishop of Peterborough, 49, 71, 171
Ketton Street. See _Gresham Street_
Kidder, Richard, Bishop of Bath and Wells, 132
Kilmarnock, Earl of, 286, 298
King Street, 37
King Edward Street, 320
King William Street, 106
King’s Beam, 14, 15, 94, 268
Kingscote, John, Bishop of Carlisle, 33
Kit-Kat Club, 367
Kite, John, Archbishop of Armagh, 119
Kneller, Sir Godfrey, 221
Knesworth, Thomas, 40
Knight, Charles, 366
Knightrider Street, 210-12, 222
Knowles, Thomas, 51
Kynaston, Herbert, 212
Kyrunelane. See _Maiden Lane_
Lad Lane, 25
Lake, John, Bishop of Chichester, 188
Lamb, Charles, 319, 374
Lambarde, John, 41
Lambe, Dr., 8
Lamplugh, Thomas, Archbishop of York, 50
Lancaster, Thomas, Earl of, 371
Langbourn Chambers, 148
Langley, Sir John, 40
Langton, Thomas, Bishop of Winchester, 58, 105
Large, Robert, 22, 24
Latymer, William, 257
Laud, Archbishop, 286
Laurence Pountney Hill, 255
Lavington, George, Bishop of Exeter, 49, 70
Laxton, Sir William, 49
Leadenhall Chapel, 156, 160
Leadenhall, Court of, 154
Leadenhall Market, 156-60
Leadenhall Street, 154-66
Leather-dressers Company, 185
Leather-dyers Company, 185
Leathersellers Company, 184-5
Lee, Rowland, Bishop of Lichfield, 321
Legate’s Inn, 216
Leland, John, 326
Lely, Sir Peter, 221
Lettsom, Dr., 381
_Liber Albus_, 1, 2, 96
Life Alliance and Fire Office, 128
Lilypot Lane, 85
Lime Street, 150-52
Linacre, Thomas, 211, 322
Lincoln, John, Earl of, 253
Lisle, Samuel, Bishop of Norwich, 11
Little Britain, 352
Little Eastcheap, 268
Little Trinity Lane, 221
Lloyd, Edward, 346
Lombard Street, 102-4
Lombards, The, 102
London House Yard, 347
London Institution, 22
London Joint Stock Bank, 166
London Missionary Society, 138
London Stone, 116, 250-52
London Tavern, 148
London Wall, 82, 83, 137
Long, William, 114
Longson, John, 43
Lort, Michael, 60
Lothbury, 140
Lovat, Simon, Lord, 286, 289, 298
Love Lane, 268
Lovelace, Richard, 221
Lucas, Richard, 64
Lud, King, 196
Ludgate, 195-8
Ludgate Hill, 197, 198
Ludgate Prison, 196
Lyndwood, William, 58
Lyttleton, Sir Thomas, 375
Macfarlane, 347
Maddox, Isaac, 43
Maiden Lane, 227
Maiden Lane. See _Engain Lane_
Mailmakers Company, 185
Mangey, Thomas, 58
Mansfield, Murray, Earl of, 375
Mansion House, 94, 120
Mansion House Place, 122
Mapletoft, John, 27
Marillac, 287
Mark Lane, 278
Markets—Billingsgate Fish Market, 271-3; Butchers’ Market, 263; Corn Market, 91; Evening Market, 52; Honey Lane Market, 38; Leadenhall Market, 156-60; Meat Market, 359; Newgate Market, 305, 306; Shambles Market, 305; Stocks Market, 122-6
Marshall, Nathaniel, 43
Martin the Arbalestin, 40
Martin’s Lane, 257
Martyrs, 359
Mary, Queen, 228
Matilda, Queen, 166
May, John, Bishop of Carlisle, 276
Mayden Lane. See _Distaff Lane_
Maynwaring, Roger, Bishop of St. David’s, 165
Meat Market, 359
Medford, Richard, Bishop of Chichester, 263
Mellitus, 327, 392
Mercers Company, 33-7, 429
Mercers’ Hall. See _Mercers Company_
Merchant Adventurers Company, 33
Merchant Taylors Company, 130-31
Merchant Taylors’ School, 254, 255
Metropolitan Life Assurance Company, 66
Middle Row, 306
Middle Temple, 374
Milbourne Almshouses, 280
Milbourne, Luke, 185
Mildmay, Sir Walter, 354
Mile End, 285
Milk Street, 39, 40
Milles, Dr. Jeremiah, 104
Milton, John, 55, 56, 58, 71, 79, 81, 352, 365, 383
Milton Street, 76-9
Milward, John, 269
Mincing Lane, 276
Minories, The, 298
Mitre Square, 170
Mitre Street, 170
Mitre Tavern, 347
Mogwell Street. See _Monkwell Street_
Molens (or Molyneux), Adam, Bishop of Chichester, 43, 258
Monasteries, 309
Monasteries, Dissolution of, 309
Monk, General, 79, 134, 143
Monkwell Street, 87
Monmouth, Duke of, 286, 298
Montfichet, Tower of, 190
Monument, The, 264-6
Monument Street, 267
Moor Gate, 139
Moore, Sir John, 276
Moore, Thomas, 376
Moorfields, 138, 139
Moorgate Court, 139
More, Sir Thomas, 40, 180, 298
Morice, Sir Christopher, 96
Morstead, Thomas, 17
Morton, John, Archbishop of Canterbury, 276
Motteux, Peter Anthony, 163, 172
Muggewell Street. See _Monkwell Street_
Mugwell Street. See _Monkwell Street_
Munday, Anthony, 64
Munday, Sir John, 10
Murray, Rev. W., 346
Myddelton, Sir Hugh, 46, 60
Nares, Robert, 84
National Bank of India, 128
National Provident Institution, 101
National Provincial Bank of England, 129
Navy Office, 279
Navy Pay Office, 134
Needlemakers Company, 127
Needler’s Lane. See _St. Pancras Lane_
Nelson, Robert, 255
New Court, 357
Newcome, Benjamin, Dean of Rochester, 18
Newgate, 301-3, 350
Newman, John, 114
Newton, Sir Isaac, 299
Newton, John, 106
Newton, Thomas, Bishop of Bristol, 11
Nicholas, Sir Ambrose, 112
Nichols, John, 383
Noble Street, 84
Norman, Sir John, 39
North British and Mercantile Insurance Company, 128
Norths, The, 376
Northumberland, Earl of, 203
Northumberland, John Dudley, Earl of, 298
Northumberland House, 352
Nottingham, Finch, Earl of, 375
Oak Apple Day, 125
Ocean Accident and Guarantee Corporation, 139
Okey the Regicide, 298
Old Change, 61
Old Fish Street, 212
Oldham, Hugh, 58
Old Jewry, 21
Old King’s Head, 23
Old St. Paul’s, 327-33, 337
Old Swan Pier, 258-9
Old Wardrobe, 23
Oldys, William, 214
Oliver, Isaac, 200, 202
Oriel College, 245
Ormond Place, 224
Overbury, Sir Thomas, 298
Oxford Arms Inn, 323, 348
Oxford Court, 110
Oxford de Veres, Earls of, 163
Oxford, John de Vere, 16th Earl of, 110, 112, 246
Painters or Painter Stainers Company, 221
Panyer Alley, 325, 348
Papey, Fraternity of, 174
Parchment-makers Company, 185
Parish Clerks Company, 87
Parker, Matthew, Archbishop of Canterbury, 59
Paston, Sir John, 322
Paternoster Row, 342-6
Paternoster Square, 344
“Paternostrers”, 342-4
Pattison, William, 79
Paul’s Bakehouse, 210
Paul’s Chain, 210
Paul’s Wharf, 216, 217
Payne, Tom, 379
Peacock, Reginald, Bishop of Chichester, 234
Peake, Sir Robert, 321
Pearce, Zachary, Bishop of Rochester, 127
Pearson, John, Bishop of Chester, 107, 127
Peel, Sir Robert, 8
Peirse, William, Bishop of Peterborough, 127
Pemberton, Sir James, 46
Pembroke, Countess of, 180
Pembroke, Earl of, 215
Pembroke, Aymer de Valence, Earl of, 371
Peninsular & Oriental Steamship Company, 166
Penn, William, 103, 287
Pepperers, Guild of, 14
Pepys, Samuel, 37, 279, 280, 281, 374
Petty Wales, 273
Pewterers Company, 152, 153
Phillippa, Queen, 223
Phillips, 347
Phillips, Mrs. Katherine, 52
Philpot Lane, 269
Phipps, Sir William, 106
Physicians, College of, 322
Picard, Henry, 229
Pickering, Sir William, 183
_Pie Corner_, 321
Pindar, Sir Paul, 187, 188
Pinners Company, 68, 134, 137
Plague, The Great, 117
Playhouse Yard, 203
Pole, Michael de la, Earl of Suffolk, 104
Pole, William de la, 104
Police Office, 23
Poole-Finch, Robert, 98
Pope, Alexander, 76, 103
Pope, Sir Thomas, 118
Pope’s Head Alley, 94
Porson, Prof. Richard, 22
Portpoole Manor, 330
Ports in Thames Street, 192
Postmen’s Park, 351
Pott, Joseph Holden, 24
Pouchmakers Company, 185
Poultney’s Inn, 253
Poultry, The, 1-20
Poultry Compter, 18-20
Poultry Market, 360
Poultry, St. Mildred, 17
Powlet, Sir William, 132
Poynet, John, Bishop of Winchester, 258
Price, Sampson, 320
Pricket, John, Bishop of Gloucester, 173
Printing House Square, 205
Prior, Dr. William, 114
Priory of the Holy Trinity, 165
Prisoners, treatment of, 302
Prison—Bread Street Compter, 56; Ludgate, 196, 303; Newgate, 301-303; Poultry Compter, 18-20; Tun, 92
Pudding Lane, 265, 266
Puddle Dock, 192, 214
Puddle Dock Hill. See _St. Andrew’s Hill_
Pump Court, 375
Purcell, Henry, 107
Pursers Company, 185
Pynson, William, 364
Pyx, 46
Queen Street, 52, 227
Queen Victoria Street, 207, 208
Queen’s Wardrobe, 223
Queenhithe, 192, 220
Rahere, 353
Ram Alley, 367
Ramsey, Sir Thomas, 106
Randall, John, 268
Ravis, Thomas, Bishop of London, 283
Rawlins, Richard, Bishop of St. David’s, 106, 198
Red Wool Wharf, 259
Redcross Street, 80
Rees, Dr. Abraham, 114
Regalia, 293-5
“The Reole.” See _Tower Royal_
Reynolds, Edward, Bishop of Norwich, 27
Rich, Lord, 353
Rich, Richard, 25
Richard II., 244
Richardson, Robert, 248
Richardson, Samuel, 365, 382, 383
Riley quoted, 32, 37, 40, 67, 70, 85, 87, 92, 102, 108, 110, 115, 117, 119, 124, 147, 153, 154, 168, 175, 264, 276, 325
Ringed Hall, 226
Robins’ Coffee-house, 99
Rogers, John, 60, 61, 222, 321
Rogers, John, 82
Rolls and Record Office, 376-9
Romaine, William, 207, 369
Roman Bath Street, 320
Roman remains, 12, 85, 101, 150, 161, 191, 243, 264, 271, 275, 362
Rood Lane, 269
“Roomland,” 194
Roper, William, 180
Rosamund, 213
Rose, Manor of the, 256
Rose Street, 325
Rother Lane. See _Pudding Lane_
Rotherham, Thomas, Archbishop of York, 43
Rowden, 376
Royal Ophthalmic Hospital, 137, 138
Royal Society, 136, 367
Roycroft, 353
Russell, John, Bishop of Rochester, 172
Russell, Sir William, 276
Ryves, Bruno, 228
Saddlers Company, 9
St. Alban, Wood Street, 41
St. Alphage, London Wall, 71-3
St. Andrew’s Hill, 205
St. Andrew Hubbard, 268
St. Andrew’s School, Holborn, 428
St. Andrew Undershaft, 172, 173
St. Andrew by the Wardrobe, 206, 207
St. Anne, Blackfriars, 200
SS. Anne and Agnes, Aldersgate, 27, 28
St. Antholin’s. See _St. Anthony_
St. Anthony, Church of, 50
St. Anthony, Fraternity of, 14
St. Anthony’s Hospital, 385, 407-426
St. Augustine’s, 62
St. Augustine’s in the Wall, 174
St. Bartholomew, 79
St. Bartholomew Exchange, 127
St. Bartholomew the Great, 353, 354
St. Bartholomew Hospital, 309, 310
St. Bartholomew the Less, 354, 355
St. Benet, Grasschurch, 101
St. Benet, Paul’s Wharf, 214
St. Benet Finck, 128
St. Benet Sherehog, 51, 118
St. Bennet’s Hill, 210, 213
St. Botolph, Aldersgate, 351, 352
St. Botolph, Aldgate, 171
St. Botolph, Billingsgate, 272
St. Botolph, Bishopsgate, 186-8
St. Bride, 382, 383
St. Christopher le Stocks, 126, 127
St. Clare, nuns of, 298
St. Clement, Eastcheap, 107
St. Clement’s Lane, 106
St. Dionis, Backchurch, 153
St. Dunstan in the East, 275, 276
St. Dunstan in the West, 367-9
St. Edmund, King and Martyr, 104
St. Ethelburga, the Virgin, 185, 186
St. Ewen’s, 305
St. Gabriel, Fenchurch, 150
St. George’s Church, Billingsgate, 266, 267
St. Giles, Cripplegate, 80-82
St. Gregory by St. Paul’s, 341
St. Helen, Bishopsgate, 182
St. Helen’s Place, 183
St. James, Duke’s Place, 165, 166
St. James, Fraternity of, 226
St. James, Garlick Hill, 224
St. James on the Wall, 82
St. John the Baptist, 241
St. John, the Evangelist, Friday Street, 59, 60
St. John Zachary, 28
St. Katherine Coleman, 149, 150
St. Katherine Cree, 164, 165
St. Lawrence, Jewry, 25, 26
St. Lawrence Lane, 37
St. Lawrence Poultney, 257
St. Leonard’s, 47
St. Leonard, Eastcheap, 266
St. Magnus, London Bridge, 261-3
St. Margaret, Lothbury, 140
St. Margaret, New Fish Street, 264
St. Margaret Moses, Friday Street, 60
St. Margaret Pattens, 269
St. Martin, Ludgate, 197, 198, 348
St. Martin-le-Grand, 9, 351
St. Martin-le-Grand School, 305, 306
St. Martin Orgar, 257
St. Martin Outwich, 131, 132
St. Martin Pomeroy, 32
St. Martin Vintry, 228
St. Martin’s Lane, Aldersgate, 352
St. Mary Abchurch, 109, 110
St. Mary Aldermanbury, 71
St. Mary Aldermary, 49
St. Mary Axe, 172
St. Mary Bothaw, 246
St. Mary-le-Bow, 10
St. Mary-le-Bow School, 404, 405
St. Mary Colechurch, 23
St. Mary-at-Hill, 270
St. Mary Magdalen, 178
St. Mary Magdalene, Milk Street, 40
St. Mary Magdalene, Old Fish Street, 212, 213
St. Mary Mounthaw, 217
St. Mary Somerset, 218
St. Mary Spital, 188
St. Mary Staining, 47, 48
St. Mary, Warwick, 395
St. Mary Woolchurch Haw, 120, 121
St. Matthew, Friday Street, 60
St. Michael, Bassishaw, 69, 70
St. Michael, Cornhill, 97, 98
St. Michael, Crooked Lane, 258
St. Michael, Queenhithe, 220, 221
St. Michael-le-Querne, 326
St. Michael, Royal, 233, 234
St. Michael, Wood Street, 41
St. Michael’s Alley, 97
St. Mildred, Bread Street, 57, 58
St. Mildred, Poultry, 17
St. Nicholas Acon, 108
St. Nicholas, Brotherhood of, 178
St. Nicholas, Cole Abbey, 211, 212
St. Nicholas, Fleshambles, 305
St. Nicholas Lane, 107
St. Nicholas Olave, 220
St. Olave, Hart Street, 86, 87
St. Olave, Jewry, 24
St. Olave, Silver Street, 86, 87
St. Pancras Lane, 51
St. Pancras, Soper Lane, 51
St. Paul’s, 327-41
St. Paul’s, Chapel of St. Faith, 340, 344
St. Paul’s, Chapter of, 330
St. Paul’s Chapter-house, 341
St. Paul’s Churchyard, 341, 345
St. Paul’s Crypt, 338
St. Paul’s, monuments in, 337-9
St. Paul’s, Mosaics, 338
St. Paul’s School, 62, 389-404
St. Peter, Cornhill, 95-97
St. Peter, Paul’s Wharf, 217
St. Peter-le-Poer, 136, 137
St. Peter, Westcheap, 10
_St. Peter ad Vincula_, 292, 298
St. Peter’s Alley, 97
St. Peter’s College, 210
St. Peter’s School, Cornhill, 428
St. Sepulchre, 320, 321
St. Stephen, Coleman Street, 64
St. Stephen, Walbrook, 118
St. Swithin’s Church, 116
St. Swithin Lane, 110
St. Thomas of Acon, 37
St. Thomas of Acon Hospital, 428
St. Thomas the Apostle, 222, 223
St. Thomas à Becket, 23
St. Thomas Hospital, 312
St. Vedast’s Church, 42, 43
St. Vedast’s Lane. See _Foster Lane_
Salisbury, Richard Nevil, Earl of, 245
Salisbury Court Theatre, 382
Salisbury Square, 382
Salters Company, 111-15
Salters’ Hall Chapel, 114-15
Salvation Army Headquarters, 208
Sandford, 382
Savage, Sir Arthur, 48
Savage, William, 207
Scalding Alley, 12
School of York, 398
Scottish Corporation, 379
Scriveners Company, 86
Scroope, Geoffrey 245
Scrope’s Inn, 216
Sebert, King of the East Saxons 327, 332
Sedley, Sir Charles, 366, 367
Seething Lane, 279, 281, 282
Sermon Lane, 213, 404
Seton, John, 264
Seymour of Sudeley, Thomas, Lord, 286, 298
Shadworth, Sir John, 58
Shakespeare, William, 203, 205, 208, 209, 254
Sharp, John, Archbishop of York, 127
Sheath-makers Company. See _Cutlers Company_
Sheer Lane. See _Shire Lane_
Sherborne Lane, 110
Sheremonier’s Lane. See _Sermon Lane_
Sherlock, William, 272, 374
Shire Lane, 366
Shoemakers’ Row. See _Carter Lane_
Shore, Jane, 103
Shrewsbury, Earl of, 245
Shrewsbury, Gilbert Talbot, Earl of, 134
Shrewsbury, Margaret, Countess of, 286, 298
Shrewsbury House, 245
Shuttleworth Club, 219
Shuttleworth, Prebendary, 212
Sidney, Algernon, 286
Signs (Old) in Thames Street, 195
Silver Street, 86
Sion College, 73, 131, 191
Size Lane, 52
Skeat, Prof., quoted, 147, 166, 167
Skinner, Cyriack, 278
Skinners Company, 238-40
Skinners’ Place, 102
Smith, Captain John, 321
Smith, Richard, 234, 276
Smithfield, 357-61
Smollett, Tobias George, 205
Snape, Andrew, 270
Somers, John, Lord, 376
Somerset, Duke of, 228, 286, 298
Soper Lane, 52
South Sea House, 127, 137
Speed, John, 81
Spencer, Sir John, 180, 183
Spital Square, 188
Sporier Row. See _Creed Lane_
Spread Eagle Court, 55
Stafford, William Howard, Lord Viscount, 286
Stapleton, Walter, Bishop of Exeter, 6, 322
Stationers Company, 199-201
Steele, Sir Richard, 226
Steelyard, The, 244
Stevens, Alexander, 346
Stock Exchange, 99, 129
Stocks Conduit, 124
Stocks Market, 122-6
Stockton, John, 51
Stow, John, quoted, 3, 7, 8, 11, 31, 37, 40, 48, 52, 55, 56, 58, 61, 63, 70, 74, 87, 91, 92, 108, 110, 112, 116, 118, 119, 121, 124, 127, 133, 135, 149, 150, 152, 155, 156, 158, 168, 172, 173, 175, 178, 183, 196, 198, 210, 213, 216, 218, 222, 223, 224, 227, 228, 231, 237, 245, 246, 247, 249, 259, 264, 266, 267, 269, 273, 274, 298, 301, 318, 322, 350, 357, 360, 379, 387, 388, 407, 408, 421, 422, 423, 426, 427, 428
Stowell, William Scott, Lord, 376
Strafford, Earl of, 286, 368
Straw, Jack, 358
Strype, John, quoted, 6, 12, 18, 37, 38, 55, 92, 100, 117, 122, 125, 133, 135, 150, 158, 174, 196, 213, 216, 231, 236, 237, 241, 246, 250, 251, 255, 421, 426
Stubbs, Philip, 72, 226
Suffolk Lane, 253-5
Suffolk, William de la Pole, Duke of, 253
Sully, Duc de, 180
Sun Fire Office, 128
Surgeons, Fraternity of, 88
Surrey, Henry, Earl of, 256, 286
Sussex, Fitzwalter, Earl of, 254
Swan with two Necks, 25
Swift, Dean, 76
Sydenham, Dr., 205
Synagogue, Great, 165
Talfourd, Sir Thomas, 376
Tallow Chandlers Company, 243, 244
Tarleton, Richard, 101
Taverns, 209
Taverns in Fleet Street, 363, 364
Taylor, John, Bishop of Lincoln, 97
Taylor, Rev. John, 383
Taylor, John, (poet), 110
“Tellarii.” See _Clothworkers Company_
Temple, The, 370-76
Temple Church, 372-4
Temple Church, monuments in, 374
Tenterden, Charles, Lord, 375
Thackeray, William, 374-6
Thames, River, foreshore of, 192, 194
Thames Street, 191-5
Thomas, John, Bishop of Lincoln, 60
Thomas, John, Bishop of Rochester, 383
Thorney, Roger, 26
Thornhill, Sir James, 221, 342
Threadneedle Street, 127
Three Cranes Stairs, 228
Throckmorton, Sir Nicholas, 141, 165
Throgmorton Street, 141
Thurlow, Edward, Lord, 375
Tillotson, John, 26
Tiltmongers Company, 185
Timber Hithe, 219
_Times, The_, 205
Tiptoft, John, Lord High Treasurer of England, 226
Tokenhouse Yard, 140
Tompion, Thomas, 365, 382
Tom’s Coffee-house, 108
Tonson, Jacob, 364, 366
Tower Hill, 285-7
Tower of London, 288-98
Tower, Royal, 223
Tower Street, 275
Towers, Dr., 346
Trained Bands, 139
Trapp, Joseph, 320
Trenchaunt, Lord, 58
Tressilian, Sir Robert, 70
Trig Lane, 218
Trinity, Fraternity of, 160, 161
Trinity House, 283-85
Trinity Square, 283
Trump Street, 37
Tuckney, Anthony, 326
Tun in Cornhill, 92
Tunstall, Cuthbert, Bishop of Durham, 245
Turner, William, 280
Turnmill Brook. See _Fleet River_
Turnwheele Lane, 237, 247
Twyford, Sir Nicholas, 60
Tyler, Wat, 357
Tyndale, William, 368, 369
Underhill, 382
Union Bank of Australia, 95
Van Dyck, Sir Anthony, 202
Van Mildert, William, Bishop of Llandaff, 11
Vanbrugh, Sir John, 118
Vane, Sir Harry, 286
Vaughan, Charles, 374
Vaughan, Edward, Bishop of St. David’s, 60
Venetian glass, 134
Venner, 64
Verrio, Antonio, 221
Vincent, William, 248
Vintners Company, 229-32
Vintry, the, 228
Vyner, Sir Robert, 46, 110, 125, 126
Vyner, Sir Thomas, 106
Waddington, Edward, Bishop of Chichester, 248
Waingate. See _Puddle Dock_
Waithman, 365
Wakering, John, 52
Walbrook, The, 117, 122, 192, 232
Walker (the rhetorician), 346
Walker, John, 223
Wallace, Sir William, 148, 358
Walsingham, Sir Francis, 279
Walton, Bryan, Bishop of Chester, 107, 258
Walton, Izaak, 368
Walworth, William, 258
Ward, Sir Patience, 110
Ward, Seth, Bishop of Exeter, 27
Wardrobe, The, 206
Wardrobe Place, 206
Warren, Sir Ralph, 52
Warwick, John Dudley, Earl of, 286
Warwick, Richard, Earl of, 245
Warwick Inn, 322
Warwick Lane, 321-4
Water Lane, 203, 382
Watermens Company, 267
Watling Street, 48, 49, 50, 55, 301
Watts, Isaac, 278
Watts, William, 42
Waugh, John, Bishop of Carlisle, 97
Wax Chandlers Company, 30
Wax Chandlers’ Hall. See _Wax Chandlers Company_
Weigh-house, 94, 268
Wells, Sir Spencer, 205
Wesley, John, 365
Wesleyan Centenary Hall, 182
West Chepe. See _Cheapside_
Westfield, Thomas, Bishop of Bristol, 354
Westmoreland, Ralph Nevil, Earl of, 245
Weston, Hugh, 220
Whalley, Peter, 269
Wharton, Dr. Thomas, 69
Whichcote, Dr. Benjamin, 26
White, Francis, Bishop of Ely, 97
White, Thomas, Bishop of Peterborough, 248
White, Dr. Thomas, 368, 369
White, William, 27
White Friars, 190
White Hart Street, 325
White Tawyers, 185
Whitechapel, High Street, 171, 172
Whitefield, George, 365
Whitelocke, Bulstrode, 368
Whittington, Sir Richard, 11, 34, 234, 280, 303, 304
Whittington’s College, 234, 235
Whittington’s Mansion, 236
Wilkins, Dr. John, 26
William of Kingston, 96
Williams, John, Bishop of Chichester, 18
Wilson, Sir Erasmus, 205
Wilson, Thomas, 119
Winchester Street, 133, 137
Windmill Court, 321
Winwood, Sir Ralph, 355
Wood Street, 9, 40, 41
Woodfall, Henry, 366
Wool Exchange, 69
Wool Haw, 121
Worcester Place, 226
Wormwood Street, 137
Wren, Sir Christopher, 10, 25, 28, 41, 42, 49, 50, 60, 64, 69, 71, 95, 97, 104, 105, 109, 116, 117, 118, 128, 136, 140, 197, 206, 210, 211, 214, 218, 220, 247, 250, 251, 262, 264, 269, 270, 275, 295, 319, 322, 333-6, 339, 340, 347, 362, 372, 379
Wyatt, Sir Thomas, 279, 286
Wyclif, John de, 24
Wyerworkers Company, 68
Wykeham, William of, 348
Wynkyn de Worde, 364, 367, 383
Yong, John, 378
York, the Hon. James, Bishop of Ely, 248
York, Richard, Duke of, 215
Young, Edward, 270
Young, John, 39
Ypres Inn, 224
Ypres, John of, 224
THE END
_Printed by_ R. & R. CLARK, LIMITED, _Edinburgh_.
Footnote 1:
These were the leaden figures on the cross.
Footnote 2:
Now Foster Lane and Gresham Street respectively.
Footnote 3:
Since pulled down and re-erected as a Students’ Hall of Residence at Chelsea.
Footnote 4:
_Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings, Part I. p. 352.
Footnote 5:
Royal Commission on Historical MSS., Report IX.
Footnote 6:
_Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings, Part I. p. 53.
Footnote 7:
_Spectator_, August 18, 1711.
Footnote 8:
_Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings, Part II. p. 737.
Footnote 9:
Strype, 1720, vol. i. bk. iii. p. 2, and vol. ii. bk. v. p. 194.
Footnote 10:
The documents, eighteen in number, showing the exact history of the property are to be found summarised in John Porter’s will as given in the _Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings, Part II. p. 596.
Footnote 11:
The will is given in Herbert’s _Livery Companies_, vol. ii. p. 636, and is recited in the _Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings.
Footnote 12:
Hazlitt’s _Livery Companies_, p. 324.
Footnote 13:
_Social England_, iii. 229; _London, 1818_, ii. 20.
Footnote 14:
The story is estimated mainly from _The Royal Hospitals_, a collection of “Memoranda” compiled by J. F. Firth, Town Clerk of London, for the Common Council from original documents, in 1863, with a Supplement added in 1867.
Footnote 15:
Repertory, iii. _f._ 190.
Footnote 16:
Letter Book P, _f._ 220 _b._
Footnote 17:
Indenture, December 27, 1547, _ad init._ _Royal Hospitals_, p. 20.
Footnote 18:
_Machyn’s Diary_ (Camden Society).
Footnote 19:
_Royal Hospitals_, p. 45, from Jor. 15 _f._ 325 _b._
Footnote 20:
Case p. 83, from Rep. _f._ 59, 6.
Footnote 21:
_Lever’s Sermons_, p. 81 (Auber’s Reprints).
Footnote 22:
Case from Strype’s _Stow_.
Footnote 23:
Printed for the Governors, January 1889, and annexed to the “Case.”
Footnote 24:
Case p. 106.
Footnote 25:
_Royal Hospitals_, Supplement, p. 3.
Footnote 26:
Particulars for grants, Augmentation Office, Gresham, Hill, and others.
Footnote 27:
_Royal Hospitals_, Supplement, p. 36. The petition is only dated as made in 1552.
Footnote 28:
_Grey Friars’ Chronicle._
Footnote 29:
Repertory 12, ii. _f._ 526 _b._
Footnote 30:
_Grey Friars’ Chronicle_.
Footnote 31:
In the first Account Book in Christ’s Hospital it appears that on December 23, 1553, Guy Wade gave 50s. to Christ’s Hospital “on condition that the house of occupations be erected before midsummer next,” and it is entered as received on June 25, 1554.
Footnote 32:
Strype’s _Stow_; cp. Supplement to _Royal Hospitals_, p. 32, where it is printed from Harl. MS. 604.
Footnote 33:
_Survey_ III. viii. Ed. 1754.
Footnote 34:
_Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings, Part I. p. 57.
Footnote 35:
Clove pinks, from the French girofle.
Footnote 36:
_Calendar of Wills_ in the Court of Hustings, Part II. p. 75.
Footnote 37:
The present Hall dates from 1887.
Footnote 38:
_Early Yorkshire Schools_, vol. i. p. 2, Yorkshire Archæological Society, 1899.
Footnote 39:
_Materials for the History of Thomas à Becket_, vol. iii. p. 4, Rolls Series.
Footnote 40:
The true reading is no doubt _collectantes_ as in Pegge’s edition, not _colluctantes_ as in the Rolls edition. Collections is a term still in use for college examinations at Oxford. Anciently it was a sort of “Speech Day” at which the masters collected fees of a more or less voluntary character from their pupils.
Footnote 41:
_History of the Life of King Henry II._, London 1767, ii. 351.
Footnote 42:
_A Survey of London_, imprinted by John Wolfe, 1598, p. 54.
Footnote 43:
Now in the Hunterian Museum, Glasgow; but there is an inaccurate transcription in the Guildhall Library MS.
Footnote 44:
An entry in the Patent Rolls 19 Henry VI. ii. 19, “Pro Scolaribus S. Trinitatis, London, et aliis” refers to the foundation of a College at Oxford for the reception of the students from all the houses of Augustinian canons in England, the Prior of Trinity being only the first of a list, to whom with the Abbot of Waltham, the Prior of Twineham (Christ Church, Hants), the Abbot of Leicester, the Priors of Guisborough, Bridlington, St. Oswald’s, Nostell, Hexham, and Carlisle, the Patent was addressed. This college was known as St. Mary’s College, and Erasmus himself, an Augustinian canon, lived there when at Oxford. The fact that the Augustinian houses each sent one or two of their own members as students to the university does not imply that they kept public grammar schools or did anything for general education.
Footnote 45:
_Hist. MSS. Commission Report IX._, Appendix.
Footnote 46:
Vol. i. p. 252, Rolls Series.
Footnote 47:
_Dugdale’s History of St. Paul’s_, ed. 1716, p. 9: “Which Henry had such great respect in those days that Henry de Bloys that famous Bishop of Winchester (who was nephew to the King) commanded that none should presume to teach school in London without his licence.”
Footnote 48:
_History of Winchester College_, by A. F. Leach (Duckworth & Co., 1899), pp. 37 and 330.
Footnote 49:
See my _Early Yorkshire Schools_, Yorkshire Archæological Society, 1899, pp. 24, 27, 30, 80 _n._, 87-8.
Footnote 50:
This is the title given in the Chartulary called Liber A. It is not on the original document.
Footnote 51:
_Ralph de Diceto_, Rolls Series, No. 68, Introd. p. xxi.
Footnote 52:
_History of St. Paul’s Cathedral_, by Sir William Dugdale, 2nd edition by Edward Maynard, London, 1716.
Footnote 53:
But to judge from Alcuin’s poem and the Institution of St. Osmund, in most cathedrals the schoolmaster was also librarian.
Footnote 54:
_Early Yorkshire Schools_, pp. lx, xxiv, xxv, and passim.
Footnote 55:
MS. in possession of the warden of New College, Oxford; see _History of Winchester College_, pp. 33, 36.
Footnote 56:
Cp. _Life of Dean Colet_, by J. H. Lupton (George Bell, 1887), p. 156.
Footnote 57:
Bede, ii. 3, p. 85, ed. C. Plummer, Clarendon Press, 1896.
Footnote 58:
Bede, ii. 5, 6.
Footnote 59:
Bede, iii. 22.
Footnote 60:
Bede, iii. 7.
Footnote 61:
Bede, Preface, p. 6.
Footnote 62:
St. Paul’s Muniments, W. D. 19.
Footnote 63:
_Early Yorkshire Schools._
Footnote 64:
_The Foundation of Waltham Abbey_, by W. Stubbs (now Bishop of Oxford), J. H. and J. Parker, Oxford, 1861.
Footnote 65:
Chap. xi. p. 10, literalibus institutus disciplinis.
Footnote 66:
P. 15.
Footnote 67:
Chap. xxv. p. 35.
Footnote 68:
_Henry the Second_, II. 315.
Footnote 69:
Appendix to Stow’s _Chronicle of England_, ed. 1631.
Footnote 70:
Rashdall, I. 111; from _Sarti_ on the Bologna Professors, II. ii.
Footnote 71:
“The Origin of Oxford,” _National Review_, September 1896.
Footnote 72:
_Early Yorkshire Schools_, p. 5.
Footnote 73:
_Statutes Baldock and Lisieux_, Part I. chap. liv.
Footnote 74: