Part 17

This company is governed by a Master, three Wardens, and twenty-one Assistants, and has a livery of 220 members, whose fine is 8_l._ They have a pleasant hall on Lambeth hill, for the dispatch of their affairs.

BLACKSMITHS _yard_, Upper Ground, Southwark.

BLACK SPREAD EAGLE _alley_. 1. Blackman street.* 2. Kent street.* 3. Turnmill street.*

BLACK SPREAD EAGLE _court_. 1. Blackman street.* 2. Finch lane, Cornhill.*

BLACK SWAN _alley_. 1. Golden lane.* 2. Corbet’s court, Eagle street.* 3. Holiwell street.* 4. Little Carter lane.* 5. Opposite Garlick Hill, Thames street.* 6. London wall.* 7. St. Margaret’s hill.*

BLACK SWAN _court_. 1. Bartholomew lane.* 2. Canon street.* 3. Golden lane.* 4. In the Maze.* 5. Market street.* 6. St. Paul’s Church yard.* 7. Shore ditch.* 8. Great Tower street.*

BLACK SWAN _yard_. 1. Brown’s lane.* 2. In the Borough.* 3. Newington Butts.* 4. Ropemakers fields, Limehouse.*

BLACK SWAN INN _yard_, Holborn.*

BLACKWELL, Poplar.

BLACKWELL _hall_, Basinghall street, a very ancient edifice, employed for several ages as a market for all kinds of woollen cloth brought to London. This edifice was originally called Basing’s Haugh or Hall; probably from the family of the Basings, who first built the house, and whose arms were placed in many parts of it, painted on the walls, and cut in the stone-work. From this family, who were owners also of the adjoining ground. Stow supposes, that “the ward itself took its name, as Coleman street ward of Coleman, and Faringdon ward, of William and Nicholas Faringdon.” Of this family the same author observes, that Solomon Basing was Mayor in the year 1216; and that to Adam Basing his son, who was also afterwards Mayor, King Henry III. gave the advowson of the church at Basing Hall, and several liberties and privileges.

In the 36th year of Edward III. this house was inhabited by Mr. Thomas Bakewell, whence it obtained the name of Bakewell Hall; a name that was afterwards corrupted to that of Blackwell Hall. At length it was purchased, with the garden and appurtenances, of King Richard II. by the city, for the sum of 50_l._ and from that time has been chiefly employed as a weekly market for all the broad and narrow woollen cloths brought out of the country.

This house at length growing ruinous, was rebuilt in the form of a handsome store house in the year 1558, at the charge of 2500_l._ but an hundred and eight years after was destroyed by the fire of London, and again rebuilt in 1672; this last is the present edifice.

It is a square building with a court in the middle surrounded with warehouses, and has two spacious entrances for carriages, one from Basinghall street, and the other opposite to it by Guildhall. This last is the principal front, and has the door-case adorned with two columns of the Doric order, with their entablature, and a pediment, in which are the King’s arms, and a little lower the city arms enriched with Cupids, _&c._

In this edifice are the Devonshire, Gloucester, Worcester, Kentish, Medley, Spanish, and Blanket Halls, in which each piece of cloth pays one penny for pitching, and a half-penny per week resting; and the profits, which are said to amount to about 1100_l._ _per annum_, are applied towards the support of Christ’s Hospital, the Governors whereof have the whole management of these warehouses. There are several statutes relating to the regulation of this market, with respect to the factors, and others concerned.

BLACKWELL HALL _court_, London Wall, Basinghall street. ☐

BLACKWELL HALL _passage_, Cateaton street. ☐

BLACKWELL HALL _yard_, Basinghall street. ☐

BLAKE’S _alley_, Holiwell lane. †

BLAKE’S _court_, Catharine street, in the Strand. †

BLAKE’S _yard_, Old street. †

BLAND _court_, Narrow street. †

BLAND’S _dock_, Rotherhith. †

BLAND’S _yard_, In the Minories. †

BLANK _yard_, Great Pearl street.

BLECHINGLY, a small parliamentary borough in Surrey, said to have enjoyed that privilege ever since parliaments had a being, and yet it has no market. The Bailiff, who returns the members, is annually chosen at the Lord of the Mannor’s court. The town, which is five miles from Ryegate, and twenty from London, being situated on a hill, on the side of Holmsdale, affords a fine prospect, as far as Sussex and the South Downs, and from some of the ruins of the castle, which are still visible, tho’ in the midst of a coppice, one may take a view to the west into Hampshire, and to the east into Kent. Here is a free school and an almshouse; but the spire of the church was consumed by lightning and all the bells melted in the year 1606.

BLEEDING HEART _yard_, Cross street, Hatton garden. †

BLENHEIM _street_, Oxford street.

BLEWGATE _fields_, Ratcliff Highway.

BLEWIT’S _buildings_, Fetter lane. †

BLEWIT’S _court_, Fetter lane. †

BLICK’S _row_, Oxford row. †

BLIND BEGGARS _alley_, Cow Cross. †

BLOOD’S _ground_, Mersham street. †

BLOODWORTH’S _dock_, Wapping. †

BLOODWORTH’S _yard_, Wapping wall.

BLOODY BRIDGE, King’s Road, Chelsea.

BLOOMSBURY, the district thus named was anciently a village denominated Lomsbury, in which were the King’s stables, till they were destroyed by fire in 1354. _Maitland._

BLOOMSBURY _church_. See ST. GEORGE’S _Bloomsbury_.

BLOOMSBURY _court_, Bloomsbury market.

BLOOMSBURY _market_, by Bloomsbury square.

BLOOMSBURY _square_, Southampton street, Holborn. This square has been lately embellished with many goodhouses, and the grass plats in the middle surrounded with neat iron rails. The north side is entirely taken up with Bedford House, which is elegant, and was the design of Inigo Jones. Besides the body of the house, are two wings, and on each side the proper offices. One of the wings is a magnificent gallery in which are copies of the Cartoons at Hampton Court, as large as the originals, by Sir James Thornhill. Behind the house are extensive gardens, which command a view of the country, and particularly of Highgate and Hampstead.

BLOSSOM’S INN _entry_, Blossom’s Inn yard, Laurence lane, Cheapside.

BLOSSOM’S INN _yard_, Honey lane market, Cheapside.

BLOSSOM’S _street_. 1. Briant street. 2. White-Lion street, Norton Falgate.

BLOWBLADDER _street_, from Cheapside to St. Martin’s le Grand. It obtained its present name from the bladders formerly sold there, when the shambles were in Newgate street.

BLOW’S _court_, Saffron hill. †

BLUE ANCHOR _alley_. 1. Barnaby street. * 2. Brook’s street, near Ratcliff Cross. * 3. Bunhill row. * 4. Cable street. * 5. Green Bank. * 6. Great Minories. * 7. Old street. * 8. Pesthouse row. * 9. Petty France. * 10. Rosemary lane. * 11. St. Catharine’s. * 12. Tooley street. * 13. Tower ditch. * 14. Whitecross street, Cripplegate. *

BLUE ANCHOR _court_. 1. Butcher row, without Temple Bar. * 2. Coleman street. * 3. Salisbury court, Fleet street.

BLUE ANCHOR _road_, West lane, Rotherhith wall. *

BLUE ANCHOR _yard_. 1. Green Bank. * 2. Little Tower hill. * 3. London wall. * 4. Petty France, Westminster. * 5. St. Catharine’s lane. * 6. Rosemary lane. *

BLUE BALL _alley_. 1. In the Mint, Southwark. * 2. Saffron hill. *

BLUE BALL _court_. * 1. Artichoke lane. * 2. Canon street. * 3. Drury lane. * 4. Little Hart street, Covent Garden. * 5. Salisbury court, Fleet street. *

BLUE BALL _yard_, Fell street, Little Wood street. *

BLUE BELL _yard_. 1. Dirty lane. * 2. Petty France, Westminster. *

BLUE BEAR _alley_. 1. Blackman street. * 2. Field lane. * 3. White street. *

BLUE BEAR _court_. 1. Canon street. * 2. Chick lane. * 3. Friday street. * 4. Rosemary lane. *

BLUE BOAR _yard_. 1. Field lane, Holborn. * 2. Great Russel street. *

BLUE BOAR HEAD _yard_, King’s street, Westminster. *

BLUE BOAR INN _yard_, Whitechapel. *

BLUE BOAR’S HEAD _alley_. 1. Barbican. * 2. White street. *

BLUE BOAR’S HEAD INN _yard_, Whitechapel.*

BLUE _court_, Saffron hill.

BLUE CROSS _street_, Hedge lane, Charing cross.

BLUE GATE _alley_, Whitecross street, Southwark.*

BLUE GATE _field_, Upper Shadwell.

BLUE GATE _street_. 1. Dirty lane, Blackman street. 2. Ratcliff Highway.

BLUE GATE _yard_. 1. Carter’s Rents. 2. East Smithfield. 3. Harrow yard, Whitechapel.

BLUE HART _court_, Little Bell alley.*

BLUE MAID _alley_, St. Margaret’s hill.*

BLUE POST _alley_, Blue Gate field.

BLUE _yard_, Gravel lane.

BLUNDERBUSS _alley_, 1. King’s Gate street.* 2. St. Thomas Apostles.*

BOAR _alley_, Grub street, Fore street.*

BOARDED _alley_, Baldwin’s gardens.

BOARDED _entry_. 1. Crutched Friars. 2. London wall. 3. Surrey street.

BOAR’S HEAD _alley_. 1. Whitechapel.* 2. White street.*

BOAR’S HEAD _court_. 1. In the Borough.* 2. Fleet ditch.* 3. Gracechurch street.* 4. Grub street.*

BOAR’S HEAD _yard_. 1. Petticoat lane.* 2. West Smithfield. *

BOAR’S HEAD INN _yard_, Compter lane, St. Margaret’s hill.*

BOATBUILDERS _yard_. 1. Bank side. 2. College street.

BOCK’S _alley_, Wapping wall.†

BODD’S _court_, Philip lane, London wall.†

BODDINGTON _court_. Cloak lane, Dowgate hill.*

BODDY’S BRIDGE _yard_, Upper Ground.

BODDY’S _rents_, Gravel lane.†

BOLT AND TUN _alley_. 1. In the Strand.* 2. Whitechapel.*

BOLT AND TUN _court_, Fleet street.*

BOLT _court_, Fleet street.

BOND’S _stables_, by Fetter lane.†

BOND’S _stables yard_, near Fetter lane.†

BOND’S _street_, Piccadilly.†

BOND’S _court_, Walbrook.†

BOND’S _rents_, Marigold street, Rotherhith wall.†

BOND’S _yard_, White Horse street, Ratcliff.†

BOOK’S _alley_, Wapping wall.†

BOOKER’S _gardens_, Leadenhall street.†

BOOT _alley_. 1. Abchurch lane.* 2. Grub street, Fore street, Cripplegate.* 3. Kent street, Southwark.* 4. St. James’s street, Westminster.* 5. Upper Ground street, Southwark.*

BOOT _passage_, Piccadilly.*

BOOT _Street_. 1. Hoxton.* 2. Brick lane, Spitalfields.*

BOOTH _street_, Spitalfields.†

BOOTH _yard_, Wapping.†

BOROUGH, a street in the borough of Southwark, extending from London bridge to St. Margaret’s hill.

BOROUGH COURT. This is a court of record by prescription, and is held every Monday by the Lord Mayor’s steward, at the hall on St. Margaret’s hill, Southwark, where are tried actions for any sum of money, damage, trespasses, &c. To this court belong three attornies, who are admitted by the steward. _Maitland._ See _St._ MARGARET’S HILL.

There are also, besides this, three courts leet held in the Borough; for it contains three liberties or manors, viz. the Great Liberty, the Guildable, and the King’s manor, in which are chosen constables, aleconners, &c. and other business is dispatched peculiar to such courts. In this neighbourhood court leets are also kept at Lambeth, Bermondsey, and Rotherhith.

BOSS _alley_. 1. Near Trig stairs, Thames street. 2. St. Mary hill. 3. Shad Thames.

BOSS _court_, Peter’s hill, Thames street.

BOSVILL’S _rents_, George street, Spitalfields.†

BOSVILLE _court_, 1. Devonshire street, Theobald’s row.† 2. Carey street, Lincoln’s Inn fields.†

BOSTWICK’S _alley_, Whitechapel.†

BOSTWICK’S _street_, Old Gravel lane.†

_St._ BOTOLPH’S _Aldersgate_, so denominated from St. Botolph, a monk born in Cornwall, is situated at the south east corner of Little Britain, and tho’ the fire in 1666 did not reach this edifice, it from that time fell into decay, and was great part of it rebuilt in 1757. It is a plain brick edifice with a tower supported on a kind of arch work, and crowned with an open turret, and its fane. It is a curacy in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey; but is subject to the Bishop and Archdeacon of London, to whom it pays procuration.

_St._ BOTOLPH’S _Aldgate_, situated on the east side of Houndsditch, fronting the Minories. The old church escaped the fire in 1666, and stood till the year 1741, when it was taken down, and the present edifice finished in 1744. It is built with brick, and is a plain, massy, and yet elegant structure. It consists of a body of a regular shape, and a lofty and well-proportioned steeple, formed of a tower and spire. Its greatest ornament is a bold rustic with which it is strengthened at the corners. This church is a curacy, and the impropriation is held in fee of the Crown. The Curate, besides other considerable advantages, receives 400_l._ a year by tithes. _Newc. Rep. Eccles._

_St._ BOTOLPH’S _Billingsgate_, a rectory, the church whereof formerly stood opposite to Botolph lane, in Thames street, in Billingsgate ward; but being destroyed by the fire of London, and not rebuilt, the parish was by act of parliament annexed to St. George’s Botolph lane.

_St._ BOTOLPH’S _Bishopsgate_, opposite the north end of Houndsditch. The old church escaping the general conflagration in 1666, at length fell into decay, and the present structure was raised by act of parliament, at the expence of the parish. It is a massy and spacious edifice. The body is well built with brick, and well enlightened, and the roof hid by a handsome balustrade. On the inside the roof is arched, except over the galleries, and two rows of Corinthian columns support both the galleries and arch which extends over the body of the church, and is neatly adorned with fret work, from which hang several handsome gilt branches. The steeple, tho’ heavy, has an air of magnificence. In the center of the front is a large plain arched window, decorated at a distance with pilasters of the Doric order. Over this window is a festoon, and above that an angular pediment; on each side is a door crowned with windows, and over these others of the porthole kind; above these last rises a square tower crowned with a dome, whose base is circular, and surrounded by a balustrade in the same form; by the side of which, on the corners of the tower, are placed urns with flames. From this part rises a series of coupled Corinthian columns, supporting other urns like the former, and over them rises the orgive dome, crowned with a very large vase with flames. The Author of _The Critical Review_ says, that he thinks this steeple more in taste than most about town; and that the parts of which it is composed are simple, beautiful and harmonious. The author of _The English Architecture_, however, observes, “That the placing of a window in the middle of the street, where the principal door should have been, is an error of the first magnitude. The most unlearned eye must perceive a strange imperfection in this, though without knowing what it is; and there is something in the highest degree disgustful, at being shut out by a dead wall at the proper and natural entrance.” But in justification of the architect, it may be alledged, that this being the east end, he might not be allowed to form a door in the center, where the altar is placed under a noble arch beneath the steeple; and that much greater improprieties than this are daily seen, from the idle custom which has generally prevailed of placing the altar to the east in spight of any inconveniences it may occasion, as in St. Clement’s in the Strand, St. Dunstan’s in Fleet street, and many others. This church is a rectory, the patronage of which is in the Bishop of London. The Rector, besides other considerable advantages, receives about 200_l._ a year by tithes,

BOTOLPH _lane_, Little Eastcheap.†

BOTOLPH’S _alley_, Botolph lane.†

BOTOLPH’S _court_, Durham yard.

BOTOLPH’S _wharf_, Thames street.†

BOTTLE _alley_, Bishopsgate street without.*

BOTTLE OF HAY _yard_, Islington road.*

BOTTLE _yard_, Bottle alley.*

BOULTON _street_, Hyde Park road.†

BOURNE’S _Almshouse_, in Kingsland Road, was erected in the year 1734, by the company of Framework-knitters, pursuant to the will of Thomas Bourne, Esq; who bequeathed to that company 1000_l._ to purchase ground, and erect a building upon it of twelve rooms, for that number of poor freemen or their widows, and endowed this almshouse with 2000_l._ to be laid out in a purchase of 80_l._ a year.

BOW, a village in Middlesex, a little to the east of Mile End, also called Stratford le Bow; is named Bow, from the stone arches of its bridge built over the river Lea, by Maud the wife of Henry I. Its church built by Henry II. was a chapel of ease to Stepney; but was lately made parochial.

This village is inhabited by many whitsters and scarlet dyers, and here has lately been set up a large manufactury of porcelain, which is brought to such perfection as to be very little inferior to that of China.

BOW _church_, in Cheapside. See _St._ MARY LE BOW.

BOW _church yard_, Cheapside.

BOW _lane_. 1. Cheapside, so named from the church of St. Mary le Bow, near the north west end of it. 2. New Gravel lane. 3. Poplar.

BOW _road_, Mile end, leading to the village of Stratford le Bow.

BOW _street_. 1. A very handsome street by Covent Garden. 2. Long Ditch. 3. St. Giles’s Broad street. 4. Sutton street, Hog lane, Soho.

BOWL _alley_, St. Saviour’s Dock head.

BOWL _court_, Shoreditch.

BOWL _yard_, St. Giles’s Broadway.

BOWLING _alley_. 1. Cow Cross. 2. Dean’s yard, Westminster. 3. Thames street. 4. Tooley street. 5. Turnmill street. 6. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.

BOWLING GREEN. 1. Bandy Leg walk. 2. Near Hospital walk.

BOWLING GREEN _alley_, Hoxton.

BOWLING GREEN _passage_, Queen street, Southwark.†

BOWLING GREEN _field_, Blue Maid’s alley.†

BOWLING GREEN _lane_, Bridewell walk, Clerkenwell.

BOWMAN’S _court_. 1. Gardiner’s lane, King’s street, Westminster.† 2. Salisbury court, Fleet street.†

BOWSON’S _yard_, Quaker’s street.†

BOWYERS, or makers of long and cross bows, a company by prescription, but in 1620, tho’ the use of bows and arrows were entirely laid aside, they were incorporated by King James I. by the name of the _Master, Wardens, and Society of the mystery of Bowyers of the city of London_. They consist entirely of other trades, and are governed by a Master, two Wardens, and twelve Assistants, with thirty Liverymen, who at the time of their admission pay a fine of 8_l._ Tho’ they had formerly a hall, they have none at present.

BOWYER’S _court_. 1. Fenchurch street.† 2. Monkwell street.†

BOWYER’S _yard_, Wapping.†

BOX’S _alley_, Wapping wall.†

BOXFORD’S _court_, New street, Shoe lane.†

BOXHILL, near Dorking in Surrey, received its name from the box trees planted on the south side of it, by the Earl of Arundel, in the reign of King Charles I. but the north part is covered with yews. Upon this hill, which extends in a continued chain into Kent, there is a large warren; and as its top affords a most enchanting prospect, it is much frequented by the gentry from Epsom, who come to divert themselves in the labyrinths formed in these delightful groves; and for their accommodation arbours are made, in which refreshments of all sorts are sold. The river Mole runs under the foot of this hill, for a quarter of a mile together.

BOXWOOD _court_, New street square.

BOY AND BELL _alley_, Brick lane, Spitalfields.*

BOYLE’S HEAD _court_, in the Strand.*

BOYLE’S LECTURE, was founded by the Hon. Robert Boyle, who by his last will left an annual salary of 50_l._ for some learned Divine to preach eight sermons in the year, in proof of the christian religion, against Atheists, Deists, Pagans, and Mahometans, without descending to any controversies that subsist among Christians. These Lectures to be in the first Mondays of the months of January, February, March, April, May, September, October, and November. In such churches as the Trustees should from time to time appoint. This Lecture has been carried on by very learned men, and are now generally preached at Bow church in Cheapside.

BRABANT _court_, Philpot lane.

BRACKLEY _street_, Litton street, Bridge-water gardens.†

BRACKLEY’S _yard_, Barnaby street.†

BRADLEY’S _alley_, Queen street.†

BRADSHAW’S _rents_, Portpool lane.†

BRAND’S _court_, Ratcliff Narrow street.

BRAND’S _yard_, in the Minories.†

BRANDY _yard_, in the Minories.

BRANK’S _yard_, Nightingale lane.†

BRATT’S _rents,_ Ducking pond row, Whitechapel common.

BRAY’S _rents_, Rag fair.†

BRAZEN _court_, Hartshorn lane, in the Strand.║

BRAZE’S _bridge_, St. Olave street.†

BRAZIL WAREHOUSE _yard_, Trinity lane.

BRAZILE’S _rents_, East Smithfield.†

BREAD _street_, Cheapside, thus named from a bread market kept there before the fire of London. _Maitland._

BREAD STREET _alley_, Bread street hill.

BREAD STREET _hill_, Thames street.

_End of the_ FIRST VOLUME.

● Transcriber’s Notes: ○ The tables on page 187 and following pages, were reformated from multiple, separate tables to one larger table for each volume. ○ Pound, shilling and pence abbreviations (_l. s. d._) were regularized to be italic. ○ Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected. ○ Typographical errors were silently corrected. ○ Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only when a predominant form was found in this book. ○ The use of a carat (^) before a letter shows it was intended to be a superscript, as in S^t Bartholomew. ○ Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_).