Chapter 25

Now in the year 1524, after M. Baldo Magini had caused Antonio, the brother of Giuliano da San Gallo, to build in the Madonna delle Carceri, in the town of Prato, a tabernacle of marble with two columns, architrave, cornice, and a quarter-round arch, Antonio resolved to bring it about that M. Baldo should give the commission for the picture which was to adorn that tabernacle to Niccolo, with whom he had formed a friendship when he was working in the Palace of the above-mentioned Cardinal dal Monte at Monte Sansovino. He presented him, therefore, to M. Baldo, who, although he had been minded to have it painted by Andrea del Sarto, as has been related in another place, resolved, at the entreaties and advice of Antonio, to allot it to Niccolo. And he, having set his hand to it, strove with all his power to make a beautiful work, but he did not succeed; for, apart from diligence, there is no excellence of design to be seen in it, nor any other quality worthy of much praise, because his hard manner, with his labours over his models of clay and wax, almost always gave a laborious and displeasing effect to his work. And yet, with regard to the labours of art, that man could not have done more than he did or shown more lovingness; and since he knew that none ...[33] for many years he could never bring himself to believe that others surpassed him in excellence. In this work, then, there is a God the Father who is sending down the crown of virginity and humility upon the Madonna by the hands of some Angels who are round her, some of whom are playing various instruments. Niccolo made in the picture a portrait from life of M. Baldo, kneeling at the feet of S. Ubaldo the Bishop, and on the other side he painted S. Joseph; and those two figures are one on either side of the image of the Madonna, which worked miracles in that place. Niccolo afterwards painted a picture three braccia in height of the same M. Baldo Magini from life, standing with the Church of S. Fabiano di Prato in his hand, which he presented to the Chapter of the Canons of the Pieve; and this Niccolo executed for that Chapter, which, in memory of the benefit received, caused the picture to be placed in the sacristy, an honour well deserved by that remarkable man, who with excellent judgment conferred benefits on that church, the principal church of his native city, and so renowned for the Girdle of the Madonna, which is preserved there. This portrait was one of the best works that Niccolo ever executed in painting. It is also the belief of some that a little altar-piece that is in the Company of S. Pier Martire on the Piazza di S. Domenico, at Prato, in which are many portraits from life, is by the hand of the same Niccolo; but in my opinion, even if this be true, it was painted by him before any of the other pictures mentioned above.

After these works, Niccolo--under whose discipline Domenico Giuntalodi, a young man of excellent ability belonging to Prato, had learned the rudiments of the art of painting, although, in consequence of having acquired the manner of Niccolo, he never became a great master in painting, as will be related--departed from Prato and came to work in Florence; but, having seen that the most important works in art were given to better and more eminent men than himself, and that his manner was not up to the standard of Andrea del Sarto, Pontormo, Rosso, and the others, he made up his mind to return to Arezzo, in which city he had more friends, greater credit, and less competition. Which having done, no sooner had he arrived than he made known to M. Giuliano Bacci, one of the chief citizens of that place, a desire that he had in his heart, which was this, that he wished that Arezzo should become his country, and that therefore he would gladly undertake to execute some work which might maintain him for a time in the practice of his art, whereby he hoped to demonstrate to that city the nature of his talents. Whereupon Messer Giuliano, an ingenious man who desired that his native city should be embellished and should contain persons engaged in the arts, so went to work with the men then governing the Company of the Nunziata, who in those days had caused a great vaulting to be built in their church, with the intention of having it painted, that one arch of the wall-surface of that vaulting was allotted to Niccolo; and it was proposed that he should be commissioned to paint the rest, if the first part, which he had to do then, should please the men of the aforesaid Company. Having therefore set his hand to this work with great diligence, in two years Niccolo finished the half, but not more, of one arch, on which he painted in fresco the Tiburtine Sibyl showing to the Emperor Octavian the Virgin in Heaven with the Infant Jesus Christ in her arms, and Octavian in reverent adoration. In the figure of Octavian he portrayed the above-mentioned M. Giuliano Bacci, and his pupil Domenico in a tall young man draped in red, and others of his friends in other heads; and, in a word, he acquitted himself in this work in such a manner that it did not displease the men of that Company and the other men of that city. It is true, indeed, that everyone grew weary of seeing him take so long and toil so much over executing his works; but notwithstanding all this the rest would have been given to him to finish, if that had not been prevented by the arrival in Arezzo of the Florentine Rosso, a rare painter, to whom, after he had been put forward by the Aretine painter Giovanni Antonio Lappoli and M. Giovanni Pollastra, as has been related in another place, much favour was shown and the rest of that work allotted. At which Niccolo felt such disdain, that, if he had not taken a wife the year before and had a son by her, so that he was settled in Arezzo, he would have departed straightway. However, having finally become pacified, he executed an altar-piece for the Church of Sargiano, a place two miles distant from Arezzo, where there are Frati Zoccolanti; in which he painted the Assumption of Our Lady into Heaven, with many little Angels supporting her, and S. Thomas below receiving the Girdle, while all around are S. Francis, S. Louis, S. John the Baptist, and S. Elizabeth, Queen of Hungary. In some of these figures, and particularly in some of the little Angels, he acquitted himself very well; and so also in the predella he painted some scenes with little figures, which are passing good. He executed, likewise, in the Convent of the Nuns of the Murate, who belong to the same Order, in that city, a Dead Christ with the Maries, which is wrought with a high finish for a picture in fresco. In the Abbey of S. Fiore, a seat of Black Friars, behind the Crucifix that is placed on the high-altar, he painted in oils, on a canvas, Christ praying in the Garden and the Angel showing to Him the Chalice of the Passion and comforting Him, which was certainly a work of no little beauty and excellence. And for the Nuns of S. Benedetto, of the Order of Camaldoli, at Arezzo, on an arch above a door by which one enters the convent, he painted the Madonna, S. Benedict, and S. Catharine, a work which was afterwards thrown to the ground in order to enlarge the church.

In the township of Marciano in Valdichiana, where he passed much of his time, living partly on the revenues that he had in that place and partly on what he could earn there, Niccolo began an altar-piece of the Dead Christ and many other works, with which he occupied himself for a time. And meanwhile, having with him the above-mentioned Domenico Giuntalodi of Prato, whom he loved as a son and kept in his house, he strove to make him excellent in the matters of art, teaching him so well how to draw in perspective, to copy from nature, and to make designs, that he was already becoming very able in all these respects, showing a good and beautiful genius. And this Niccolo did, besides being moved by the love and affection that he bore to that young man, in the hope of having one who might help him now that he was nearing old age, and might give him some return in his last years for so much labour and lovingness. Niccolo was in truth most loving with every man, true by nature, and much the friend of those who laboured in order to attain to something in the world of art; and what he knew he taught to them with extraordinary willingness.

No long time after this, when Niccolo had returned from Marciano to Arezzo and Domenico had left him, the men of the Company of the Corpo di Cristo, in that city, had a commission to give for the painting of an altar-piece for the high-altar of the Church of S. Domenico. Now, Niccolo desiring to paint it, and likewise Giorgio Vasari, then a mere lad, the former did something which probably not many of the men of our art would do at the present day, which was as follows: Niccolo, who was one of the members of the above-mentioned Company, perceiving that many were disposed to have it painted by Giorgio, in order to bring him forward, and that the young man had a very great desire for it, resolved, after remarking Giorgio's zeal, to lay aside his own desire and need and to have the picture allotted by his companions to Giorgio, thinking more of the advantage that the young man might gain from the work than of his own profit and interest; and even as he wished, so exactly did the men of that Company decide.

In the meantime Domenico Giuntalodi, having gone to Rome, found Fortune so propitious that he became known to Don Martino, the Ambassador of the King of Portugal, and went to live with him; and he painted for him a canvas with some twenty portraits from life, all of his followers and friends, with himself in the midst of them, engaged in conversation; which work so pleased Don Martino, that he looked upon Domenico as the first painter in the world. Afterwards Don Ferrante Gonzaga, having been made Viceroy of Sicily, and desiring to fortify the towns of that kingdom, wished to have about his person a man who might draw and put down on paper for him all that he thought of from day to day; and he wrote to Don Martino that he should find for him a young man who might be both able and willing to serve him in this way, and should send him off as soon as possible. Don Martino, therefore, first sent to Don Ferrante some designs by the hand of Domenico, among which was a Colosseum, engraved on copper by Girolamo Fagiuoli of Bologna for Antonio Salamanca, but drawn in perspective by Domenico; an old man in a child's go-cart, drawn by the same hand and published in engraving, with letters that ran thus, "Ancora imparo"; and a little picture with the portrait of Don Martino himself. And shortly afterwards he sent Domenico, at the wish of the aforesaid lord, Don Ferrante, who had been much pleased with that young man's works. Having then arrived in Sicily, there were assigned to Domenico an honourable salary, a horse, and a servant, all at the expense of Don Ferrante; and not long afterwards he was set to work on the walls and fortresses of Sicily. Whereupon, abandoning his painting little by little, he devoted himself to something else which for a time was more profitable to him; for, being an ingenious person, he made use of men who were well adapted to heavy labour, kept beasts of burden in the charge of others, and caused sand and lime to be collected and furnaces to be set up; and no long time had passed before he found that he had saved so much that he was able to buy offices in Rome to the extent of two thousand crowns, and shortly afterwards some others. Then, after he had been made keeper of the wardrobe to Don Ferrante, it happened that his master was removed from the government of Sicily and sent to that of Milan; whereupon Domenico went with him, and, working on the fortifications of that State, contrived, what with being industrious and with being something of a miser, to become very rich; and what is more, he came into such credit that he managed almost everything in that government.

Hearing of this, Niccolo, who was at Arezzo, now an old man, needy, and without any work to do, went to find Domenico in Milan, thinking that even as he had not failed Domenico when he was a young man, so Domenico should not fail him now, but should avail himself of his services, since he had many in his employ, and should be both able and willing to assist him in his poverty-stricken old age. But he found to his cost that the judgments of men, in expecting too much from others, are often deceived, and that the men who change their condition also change more often than not their nature and their will. For after arriving in Milan, where he found Domenico raised to such greatness that he had no little difficulty in getting speech of him, Niccolo related to him all his troubles, and then besought him that he should help him by making use of his services; but Domenico, not remembering or not choosing to remember with what lovingness he had been brought up by Niccolo as if he had been his own son, gave him a miserably small sum of money and got rid of him as soon as he was able. And so Niccolo returned to Arezzo very sore at heart, having recognized that with the labour and expense with which, as he thought, he had reared a son, he had formed one who was little less than an enemy.

In order to earn his bread, therefore, he went about executing all the work that came to his hand, as he had done many years before, and he painted among other things a canvas for the Commune of Monte Sansovino, containing the said town of Monte Sansovino and a Madonna in the sky, with two Saints at the sides; which picture was set up on an altar in the Madonna di Vertigli, a church belonging to the Monks of the Order of Camaldoli, not far distant from the Monte, where it has pleased and still pleases Our Lord daily to perform many miracles and to grant favours to those who recommend themselves to the Queen of Heaven. Afterwards, Julius III having been created Supreme Pontiff, Niccolo, who had been much connected with the house of Monte, made his way to Rome, although he was an old man of eighty, and, having kissed the foot of His Holiness, besought him that he should deign to make use of him in the buildings which were to be erected, so men said, at the Monte, a place which the Lord Duke of Florence had given in fief to the Pontiff. The Pope, then, having received him warmly, ordained that the means to live in Rome should be given to him without exacting any sort of exertion from him; and in this manner Niccolo spent several months in Rome, drawing many antiquities to pass the time.

Meanwhile the Pope resolved to increase his native town of Monte Sansovino, and to make there, besides many ornamental works, an aqueduct, because that place suffered much from want of water; and Giorgio Vasari, who had orders from the Pope to cause those buildings to be begun, recommended Niccolo Soggi strongly to His Holiness, entreating him that Niccolo should be given the office of superintendent over those works. Whereupon Niccolo went to Arezzo filled with these hopes, but he had not been there many days when, worn out by the fatigues and hardships of this world and by the knowledge that he had been abandoned by him who should have been the last to forsake him, he finished the course of his life and was buried in S. Domenico in that city.

Not long afterwards Domenico Giuntalodi, Don Ferrante Gonzaga having died, departed from Milan with the intention of returning to Prato and of passing the rest of his life there in repose. However, finding there neither relatives nor friends, and recognizing that Prato was no abiding place for him, he repented too late that he had behaved ungratefully to Niccolo, and returned to Lombardy to serve the sons of Don Ferrante. But no long time passed before he fell sick unto death; whereupon he made a will leaving ten thousand crowns to his fellow-citizens of Prato, to the end that they might buy property to that amount and form a fund wherewith to maintain continually at their studies a certain number of students from Prato, in the manner in which they maintained certain others, as they still do, according to the terms of another bequest. And this has been carried out by the men of that town of Prato, who, grateful for such a benefit, which in truth has been a very great one and worthy of eternal remembrance, have placed in their Council Chamber the image of Domenico, as that of one who has deserved well of his country.

FOOTNOTE:

[32] See p. 208, Vol. III.

[33] These words are missing in the text.

INDEX

INDEX OF NAMES

OF THE CRAFTSMEN MENTIONED IN VOLUME VI

Abacco, Antonio L', 113, 114, 130, 136, 137

Abbot of S. Clemente (Don Bartolommeo della Gatta), 255

Agnolo, Baccio d' (Baccio Baglioni), _Life_, 65-68. 69, 72

Agnolo, Battista d' (Battista del Moro), _Life_, 27-28. 108

Agnolo, Domenico di Baccio d', 68, 70, 72

Agnolo, Filippo di Baccio d', 68, 70

Agnolo, Giuliano di Baccio d', _Life_, 68-72

Agnolo, Marco di Battista d', 27, 28

Agnolo Bronzino, 118, 256

Agostino Viniziano (Agostino de' Musi), _Life_, 102-103. 106

Aimo, Domenico (Il Bologna), 217

Alberti, Leon Batista, 45

Alberto Monsignori (Bonsignori), 29

Albrecht (Heinrich) Aldegrever, 119

Albrecht Duerer, _Life_, 92-98. 99, 102, 119, 165

Aldegrever, Albrecht (Heinrich), 119

Alessandro Cesati (Il Greco), _Life_, 85

Alessandro Falconetto, 47, 48

Alessandro Filipepi (Sandro Botticelli), 91

Andrea Contucci (Andrea Sansovino), 66, 133

Andrea dal Castagno, 182

Andrea de' Ceri, 190-192, 201

Andrea del Sarto, 60, 106, 255-257, 272, 273

Andrea Mantegna, 15, 29, 30, 91

Andrea Palladio, 28, 48

Andrea Sansovino (Andrea Contucci), 66, 133

Angelico, Fra (Fra Giovanni da Fiesole), 246

Anichini, Luigi, 85

Anselmo Canneri, 22

Antoine Lafrery (Antonio Lanferri), 113

Antonio da San Gallo (the elder), 66, 123, 272

Antonio da San Gallo (the younger), _Life_, 123-141. 167, 197, 198, 219, 220, 222

Antonio da Trento (Antonio Fantuzzi), 108

Antonio del Pollaiuolo, 182, 246

Antonio di Giorgio Marchissi, 126

Antonio di Marco di Giano (Il Carota), 213

Antonio Fantuzzi (Antonio da Trento), 108

Antonio l'Abacco, 113, 114, 130, 136, 137

Antonio Lanferri (Antoine Lafrery), 113

Antonio (or Vittore) Pisano (or Pisanello), 35

Antonio Salamanca, 276

Antonio Scarpagni (Scarpagnino or Zanfragnino,) 10

Aretino, Leone (Leone Lioni), 87

Aretusi, Pellegrino degli (Pellegrino da Modena, or de' Munari), 125

Avanzi, Niccolo, 79, 80

Bacchiacca, Il (Francesco Ubertini), 60

Baccio Baglioni (Baccio d' Agnolo), _Life_, 65-68. 69, 72

Baccio Baldini, 91

Baccio Bandinelli, 69-71, 103, 105, 111

Baccio d' Agnolo (Baccio Baglioni), _Life_, 65-68. 69, 72

Baldassarre Peruzzi, 107, 167, 174, 177, 239

Baldini, Baccio, 91

Bandinelli, Baccio, 69-71, 103, 105, 111

Barile, Giovan, 177

Barlacchi, Tommaso, 104, 113

Barozzo, Jacopo, 114

Bartolommeo da Castiglione, 152

Bartolommeo della Gatta, Don (Abbot of S. Clemente), 255

Bartolommeo di San Marco, Fra, 66

Bartolommeo Ridolfi, 48

Bartolommeo Torri, 264, 265

Battista d' Agnolo (Battista del Moro), _Life_, 27-28. 108

Battista del Cervelliera, 214, 247, 248

Battista del Moro (Battista d' Agnolo), _Life_, 27-28. 108

Battista del Tasso, 213

Battista Franco, 108, 114, 156

Battista Gobbo, 133, 140

Battista of Vicenza (Battista Pittoni), 108

Baviera, 100, 101, 109, 209

Bazzi, Giovanni Antonio (Il Sodoma), 236-238, 247, 249

Beatricio, Niccolo (Nicolas Beautrizet), 114

Beccafumi, Domenico (Domenico di Pace), _Life_, 235-251. 108, 213, 215, 223, 235-251

Beham, Hans, 119

Belli, Valerio (Valerio Vicentino), _Life_, 82-84. 76, 79

Bellini, Giovanni, 173

Bellini, Jacopo, 11, 35

Benedetto da Maiano, 66

Benedetto Ghirlandajo, 57

Benedetto Pagni, 152, 154-156, 169

Benozzo Gozzoli, 246

Benvenuto Cellini, 86, 87

Bernardi, Giovanni (Giovanni da Castel Bolognese), _Life_, 76-79. 83, 84

Bernardino Pinturicchio, 195

Bologna, Il (Domenico Aimo), 217

Bolognese, Marc' Antonio (Marc' Antonio Raimondi, or de' Franci), _Life_, 95-96, 99-106. 108, 109, 120

Bonasone, Giulio, 114

Bonsignori (Monsignori), Alberto, 29

Bonsignori (Monsignori), Fra Cherubino, 34

Bonsignori (Monsignori), Fra Girolamo, _Life_, 34-35

Bonsignori (Monsignori), Francesco, _Life_, 29-35

Borgo, Raffaello dal (Raffaello dal Colle), 152, 169

Borgo a San Sepolcro, Giovan Maria dal, 256

Bosch, Hieronymus, 118

Botticelli, Sandro (Alessandro Filipepi), 91

Boyvin, Rene (Renato), 115

Bramante da Urbino, 6, 124, 126, 136, 138

Brescianino (Girolamo Muziano, or Mosciano), 114

Bronzino, Agnolo, 118, 256

Brunelleschi, Filippo, 68, 71

Brusciasorzi, Domenico (Domenico del Riccio), 82

Bugiardini, Giuliano, 183

Buonaccorsi, Perino (Perino del Vaga, or Perino de' Ceri), _Life_, 189-225. 78, 109, 125, 129, 139, 148, 177, 189-225, 244, 257-259

Buonarroti, Michelagnolo, 57, 59, 60, 66, 68, 78, 79, 85, 92, 107, 111, 113, 114, 129, 135, 136, 139, 140, 167, 174-177, 183, 185, 191, 193, 195, 205, 218, 219, 222, 225, 236, 263

Cadore, Tiziano da (Tiziano Vecelli), 109, 111, 114, 161, 183, 222

Calcar, Johann of (Jan Stephanus van Calcker), 116

Caliari, Paolo (Paolo Veronese), 22, 27

Cammei, Domenico de', 76

Canneri, Anselmo, 22

Caraglio, Gian Jacopo, 109, 110, 209

Caravaggio, Polidoro da, 177, 196

Carota, Il (Antonio di Marco di Giano), 213

Caroto, Giovan Francesco, _Life_, 15-21. 37

Caroto, Giovanni, _Life_, 21-22. 15

Carpi, Ugo da, 106, 107

Carrara, Danese da (Danese Cattaneo), 26-28, 54

Carrucci, Jacopo (Jacopo da Pontormo), 60, 255-257, 273

Castagno, Andrea dal, 182

Castel Bolognese, Giovanni da (Giovanni Bernardi), _Life_, 76-79. 83, 84

Castelfranco, Giorgione da, 23, 173, 174

Castiglione, Bartolommeo da, 152

Catanei, Piero, 250

Cattaneo, Danese (Danese da Carrara), 26-28, 54

Cavalieri, Giovan Battista de', 113

Cavazzuola, Paolo (Paolo Morando), _Life_, 39-42. 15, 24, 25, 29, 39-42, 50

Cellini, Benvenuto, 86, 87

Ceri, Andrea de', 190-192, 201

Ceri, Perino de' (Perino del Vaga, or Perino Buonaccorsi), _Life_, 189-225. 78, 109, 125, 129, 139, 148, 177, 189-225, 244, 257-259

Cervelliera, Battista del, 214, 247, 248

Cesati, Alessandro (Il Greco), _Life_, 85

Cherubino Monsignori (Bonsignori), Fra, 34

Cicogna, Girolamo, 22

Cioli, Simone, 133

Clovio, Don Giulio, 51, 54, 111, 264

Cock, Hieronymus, _Life_, 116-120. 108

Colle, Raffaello dal (Raffaello dal Borgo), 152, 169

Contucci, Andrea (Andrea Sansovino), 66, 133

Coriolano, Cristofano, 120

Corniole, Giovanni delle, 76, 84

Cortona, Luca da (Luca Signorelli), 246

Cosimo (Jacopo) da Trezzo, 86

Cosini, Silvio, 210

Cousin, Jean (Giovanni Cugini), 114

Coxie, Michael (Michele), 116, 178

Cristofano Coriolano, 120

Cristofano Lombardi (Tofano Lombardino), 167

Cronaca, Il (Simone del Pollaiuolo), 66, 70

Cugini, Giovanni (Jean Cousin), 114

Cungi, Leonardo, 225

Danese Cattaneo (Danese da Carrara), 26-28, 54

Daniello Ricciarelli, 113, 219, 224

David Ghirlandajo, 57

Dente, Marco (Marco da Ravenna), _Life_, 102-103. 106

Domenico Aimo (Il Bologna), 217

Domenico Beccafumi (Domenico di Pace), _Life_, 235-251. 108, 213, 215, 223, 235-251

Domenico Brusciasorzi (Domenico del Riccio), 82

Domenico de' Cammei, 76

Domenico del Riccio (Domenico Brusciasorzi), 82

Domenico di Baccio d' Agnolo, 68, 70, 72

Domenico di Pace (Domenico Beccafumi), _Life_, 235-251. 108, 213, 215, 223, 235-251

Domenico di Polo, 84

Domenico Ghirlandajo, 57, 58, 191

Domenico Giuntalodi, 273-279

Domenico Morone, _Life_, 35-36. 29, 38

Domenico Pecori, 255, 258, 271

Domenico Poggini, 87

Domenico Viniziano, 182

Don Bartolommeo della Gatta (Abbot of S. Clemente), 255

Don Giulio Clovio, 51, 54, 111, 264

Donato (Donatello), 220

Duccio, 245

Duerer, Albrecht, _Life_, 92-98. 99, 102, 119, 165

Enea Vico, _Life_, 111-112

Faenza, Figurino da, 169