Part 32

[39] Our authorities state 20,000; but Niebuhr seems to mean families, as only fathers of three children were admitted. Cicero, however, thinks that the _ager Campanus_ was not sufficient for more than 5000 persons. The most important passages relating to this subject are collected in Orelli, _Index Leg._ s.v., _Lex Julia Agraria_ p. 188.—ED.

[40] This is a mistake, or else an error in the MSS., for Nesis is mentioned by Cicero, _ad Att._ xvi. 1, 1; 3, 6; 4, 1; and by Seneca _Ep._ 53.—ED.

[41] “It is a great mistake to believe that a period must be better known the nearer it is to us. This is not the case in antiquity. There can be no doubt that, e.g., we know the internal condition of Rome in the time of Cicero much better than during the second century after Christ, when we know nothing but what can be gathered from Pliny’s letters. A merely mechanical mind imagines that a period about which nothing is written, had nothing worth knowing; but whoever has an eye for the remains of antiquity, sees distinctly what has existed. Thus, for example, the _monte testaccio_, _mons testaceus_ or _testarius_ at Rome is not mentioned anywhere until we come to the documents of the seventh and eighth centuries, and the most ridiculous pains have been taken to discover it at an earlier period. It is not mentioned in the Regionaria, hence, it is said, it must have arisen afterwards, about the period of the eighth century, when Rome was a desert. The matter can be explained very simply. Every one who has practised eyes, knows what is to be recognised in those thousands of shells; but there are antiquaries who can see nothing at all except what they read in books. The ancients made very little use of wooden vessels, they nearly always used pottery ware. This produced an enormous quantity of shells. It was thought inexpedient to throw them into the river, and there must have been some police regulation, that all shells should be thrown on one heap. I was on the spot when a wall was dug out, and it was found that the heaps of shells extended up to the very walls of the city. I caused the digging to be continued farther, and found shells everywhere. It must have been a marsh which was filled with shells to a depth of five feet. Under Honorius a wall was built to defend Rome against the barbarians; it has a double inscription, in one of which we read _egestis immensis ruderibus_. Under Augustus a regular police was instituted, and all shells were regularly thrown there. Now, imagine Rome with nearly a million of inhabitants; assuredly many carts were employed every day in carrying away the broken vessels, which were all thrown on one spot, and may have already filled the whole place. When Aurelian built his wall, a portion was perhaps thrown back, and this may have been the beginning of the hill. According to Andr. Fulvius, the wall of the city under pope Clement VII., at the commencement of the sixteenth century, was so much covered on both sides, that it was impossible to walk there: a road was then made, and part of the rubbish was carried to the Forum, which was filled with it. Such you must imagine the _rudera immensa egesta_ to have been. About the time of Honorius the wall had been cleared, not to have a hill outside, on which the Goths might have planted their engines to harass the city. He removed the rubbish on both sides, and thus raised an immense mound of shells. This explanation is as certain as if it were described in ancient authors, though not a single author speaks of it. Such also is the case with other phenomena which present themselves at Rome, and about which not one passage can be referred to.”

[42] Niebuhr was probably thinking of _Dial._ iv. 55, though Puteoli is not mentioned there, but Taurania, a place assumed to have existed in Campania.—ED.

[43] Comp. Seneca, _Epist._ 57.—ED.

[44] Comp. _Lect. on Rom. Hist._ vol. i. p. 348, foll., 3d edit.—ED.

[45] “I know that Greek inscriptions have also been discovered at Ravenna.”

[46] “I have adopted the ancient practice of calling the whole nation Sabellians, and the original tribe Sabines, because there is no instance of the Samnites, Marsians, etc., having been called Sabines, but only Sabellians.”

[47] Compare _Hist. of Rome_, vol. i. p. 64, foll.

[48] This is the date in the MSS., but it ought probably to be 1720.—ED.

[49] This alludes to the war between the Greeks and Turks in 1828.—ED.

[50] Il buon Braccio; _Hist. of Rome_, vol. iii. p. 415, note 713.

[51] “I mean the ancient one, whose scholia have now been discovered; for there also is another scholiast belonging to the middle ages, who is imperfect and bad, and belongs to the period of decay. The ancient one lived at the best period of Latin grammarians.”

[52] vii. 29 ed. Müller.

[53] “Pronounce _Arpīnum_, but _Arimĭnum_; I say this, because I have heard many otherwise good scholars say _Arimīnum_.”

[54] Comp. _Lect. on Rom. Hist._ vol. iii. p. 138.

[55] “Do not allow yourselves to be misguided by my occasionally departing from the regular division, for I follow the historical connection subsisting between the towns.”

[56] There is probably some mistake here; for what was said on that occasion is, that Greece ought not to be deprived of one of its eyes. It was Gelon, who, using a similar metaphor, spoke of “the spring being taken out of Greece,” when he was invited to take part in the war against the Persians (Herod. vii. 162).—ED.

[57] ix. 37.

[58] Comp. _Hist. of Rome_, vol. i. p. 34, note 89.

[59] The words in inverted commas have been supplied by me; comp. Ascon. _Comm. in Pison._, p. 3, ed. Orelli.—ED.

[60] These two dates occur in some MSS., but can scarcely be correct; the earlier eruption mentioned by Thucydides belongs to Olymp. 75, 2; and it seems impossible to ascertain the date of the first. Comp. Ullrich, _Beiträge zur Erklär. des Thukydides_, p. 92, foll.—ED.

[61] “The _Siculi_ were the natives, and the _Siceliots_ the Greeks who had settled in the island. Similarly the Romans sometimes distinguished between _Siculi_ and _Sicilienses_, but not by far as consistently as the Greeks, for no Greek ever confounded the two.”

[62] According to Berghaus, _Länder- und Völkerkunde_, iii. p. 404, it is found also in Corsica, Greece, and the Greek Archipelago.—ED.

[63] The more correct view is given by Berghaus, _l. c._ p. 460.—ED.

[64] ii. 85: _si ob gravitatem coeli interissent_.

[65] This name is only a conjecture of mine; one MS. has _Colero_.—ED.

[66] More correctly in 634, M. Porcio Catone, Q. Marcio Rege Coss. See _Vell. Pat._ i. 15.—ED.

[67] “Geography is a pleasant and easy study: the vivid representations it furnishes us of localities, often enable us clearly to understand an historical event; we often see, e.g., why a victory was not followed up, or how it might have been followed up. I do not like to set myself up as a pattern, but when I was a young man of your age, or even younger (I was scarcely seventeen years old), I read Strabo with the greatest attention. Whenever I had read a book, I endeavoured to reproduce it by writing down an abstract of it. It is not advisable to rely on books; and I therefore endeavoured to produce the substance in another form. Those who go through Strabo in this manner, even in their leisure hours, cannot fail to acquire a thorough knowledge of geography. Let those who have any taste for chorography read books of travel and similar works, as for example, Bory de St. Vincent, _Tableau de la peninsule de l’Ibérie_, or Alex. Laborde, _Tableau de l’Espagne_, which are especially valuable in assisting us to understand Livy’s account of the Spanish war. Strabo’s description of Spain is particularly excellent, but he is too often carried away by his learning and his desire to explain the Homeric poems; by reading his description you acquire an indelible and correct picture of Spain. A scholar must read the ancient authors systematically and repeatedly, sometimes with one particular object in view, and sometimes with another.”

[68] In Aristotle, _Probl._ xvii. 3: τοὺς ἀνθρώπους φησὶν Ἀλκμαίων διὰ τοῦτο ἀπόλλυσθαι, ὅτι οὐ δύνανται ἀρχὴν τῷ τέλει προσάψαι.

[69] See above, p. 33.

[70] Comp. _Kleine Schrift._ vol. i. p. 384.

[71] See, however, _Hist. of Rome_, vol. ii. p. 527.

[72] p. 2031, ed. Putsch.

[73] The restoration of the text here is uncertain, for towards the end of these Lectures the number of MSS. becomes smaller and smaller, and some of the best do not contain the last Lectures at all.—ED.

[74] “The _Cimmerians_ on the Euxine cannot be connected with these occurrences, for they belong to a period about two centuries earlier than that at which the Cymri can possibly have arrived in those parts.”

[75] _Kleine Schrift._, vol. i. p. 352, foll.

[76] According to some of the Fathers, he threw himself into the Euripus, because he had been unable to discover the law by which the currents of the sea were regulated.—ED.

[77] One MS. here has the addition “As Constantinople is by the wall S. Floriano.” Should it not be S. Romano?—ED.

[78] Should be thirty-eight; see _Hist. of Rome_, vol. i. p. 271.

[79] _Kleine Schrift._, vol. i. p. 209, note.

[80] Justin, xx. 5.

[81] Comp. _Lect. on Anc. Hist._ vol. i. p. 46, foll.

[82] Comp. _Lect. on Anc. Hist._ vol. iii. p. 298, note 3.

[83] Herod. i. 98.

[84] Lucian, _Quom. Hist. Conscrib. sit. 62_. “Lucian’s story about Herodotus is equally devoid of historical foundation.”

[85] It is certain that in the time of the Roman emperors, the Alexandrians pronounced Alexándreia, and they probably did so even under the Ptolemies; the Alexandrian dialect is in fact the root of the modern Greek.

[86] Comp. _Lect. on Ancient Hist._, vol. ii. p. 9.

INDEX.

Abantes, 176

Abdera, 212, 233

Abella, ii. 127

Aborigines, ii. 35, 147

Abruzzi, ii. 11

Abydos, 218, 235

Academia, 99

Acanthus, 231

Acarnanes, 125, 252

Acarnania, 142, 147 foll., 265

Acciajuoli, 107

Acerrae, ii. 127, 132

Achaei, 26, 150, 154

Achaean towns in Magna Graecia, ii. 189

Achaia, 28, 30, 33, 34, 37, 79 foll., 151

Achaia Phthiotis, 162, 164

Acharnae, 92, 110

Achelous, 144, 256

Acheron, 257

Acheruntia, ii. 159

Acherusian Lake, 256

Achradina, ii. 258

Achrida, 309

Acqua di Trevi, ii. 88

Acra, ii. 264

Acragas, ii. 261

Acridophagi, ii. 340

Acroceraunia, 255

Acrocorinthus, 45, 46

Actaea tellus, 42

Acte, 35, 42, 85

Actium, 152

Acusilaus, 11

Adjectives in _ius_ and _ianus_, ii. 84

Ad Martis, ii. 55

Aeas, see Aous.

Aedui, ii. 312, 317

Aegae, 80 _n._

Aegeae (in Macedonia), 278 foll., 290

Aegean sea, 182

Aegialea, Aegialos, 34, 36, 82

Aegina, 33, 45, 54, 64, 180, 183, 196; temple of Zeus Hellenios and its sculptures, 55

Aegion, 80, 82

Aegira, 80

Aegirussa, 87

Aegyptus, 21; ii. 3

Aegyptus (the Nile), ii. 3

Aelian, 158

Aemilia, ii. 28

Aemonia or Haemonia, 132, 159, 160

Aenaria, ii. 135

Aenea, 252, 289

Aenianes, 142, 155, 172, 252

Aenos, 233

Aeolis, 145, 160, 206, 215 foll.

Aepy, 69

Aepys, 58

Aequani, ii. 123, 254

Aequi, ii. 4, 23, 119, 120

Aequi Falisci, ii. 229

Aequiculi, ii. 123, 254

Aequicus, ii. 254

Aequuli, ii. 123, 254

Aeschines, 19

Aeschylus, 119; ii. 8

Aesernia, ii. 164

Aethalia, ii. 220

Aethiopia, ii. 340

Aetna, ii. 256

Aetoli, 42, 77, 125, 137, 252, 254

Aetolia, 126, 136 foll., 252

Aetolian mountains, 157

Afri, ii. 334

Africa, ii. 327

Africanus, Julius, 51

Agamemnon’s kingdom, 33

Agatha, ii. 313

Agatharchides, ii. 340

Agathocles, 88; ii. 261, 266

Agger, the, of Servius Tullius, ii. 43, 48

Agiadae, 56

Agis, 58 _n._, 4

S. Agnolo, in Pescivendolo, 238 _n._ 2

Agora at Athens, 98; in Piraeeus, 102

Agraei, 147, 270

Agrianes, 296

Agrigentum, ii. 255, 262

Agrimensores, ii. 229

Agrippa, ii. 57, 95

Agrippina, ii. 103

Agylla, 160; ii. 223

Agyrion, ii. 270, 272

Aix, ii. 315

Alabaster, ii. 220

Alalia, ii. 278

Alaric, 50

Alemanni, 306; ii. 57, 251

Alba, 115, 126

Alba Longa, ii. 107

Alba in Picenum, ii. 28

Alban hills, ii. 12

Albanese, 301; ii. 178

Albanus Lacus, ii. 12, 51

Albanus mons, ii. 38

Alberti, Battista, 7

Alcaeus, 56, 219

Alcmaeon, 148

Alcmaeon, the Pythagorean, ii. 296

Aleria, ii. 278

Aleuadae, 164

Alexander, son of Craterus, 49

Alexander, son of Philip, 198, 264

Alexander Aetolus, 144

Alexander Severus, ii. 57

Alexandria, 223, 233, 264; ii. 344

Alexandrian School, 160, 223

Alfaterna, ii. 143

Algarvia, ii. 255

Algidus, ii. 38, 121

Alis, 77, 252; comp. Elis.

Allifae, ii. 164

Allobroges, ii. 315

Alopeconnesus, 234, 235

Alpes, 284

Alpes Maritimae, ii. 11, 17

Alpes Cottiae, Graiae, Juliae Nepontiae, ii. 18; Noricae Penninae, Raeticae, ii. 18

Alpes Apenninae, ii. 28

Alpes, a region of Italy, ii. 29

Alpis Cottia, Alpes Cottiae, region of Italy, ii. 29

Alpes Penninae, region of Italy, ii. 28

Alphabets, 302

Alpheus, 30

Alsium, ii. 223

Aluntium, ii. 270

Alyzia, 151, 152

Amalfi, ii. 167

Amantia, 306

Amasea, 20

Amastris, 250, 251

Amathus, ii. 349

Amazirgh, ii. 334

Ambracia, see Ampracia.

Amisus, 248, 249

Amiternum, ii. 149, 150

Ammianus Marcellinus, ii. 281

Amorgos, 190

Amphictyones, 129 foll., 252

Amphilochii, 147, 259, 263, 265, 269, 280

Amphipolis, 232, 286, 294

Amphipolis in Syria, 291

Amphissa, 124

Amphitheatrum, ii. 91

Amphitheatrum Castrense, ii. 93

Amphitheatrum Flavium, ii. 91

Amphitheatrum Statilii Tauri, ii. 91, 100

Amphitheatrum vivarium, ii. 93

Ampracia, 47, 138, 149, 263, 265, 270, 280, 307

Ampracian Gulf, 151

Ampurias, ii. 294

Amurath, 50

Amyclae, 58, 61

Anagnia, ii. 116

Anacreon, 211

Anactorion, 149, 152, 252

Anaphe, 190

Anas, ii. 283

Anauros, 160, 169

Anaxagoras, 212

Anaximander, 208

Anaximenes, 208

Ancon, 152; comp. Ancona.

Ancona, ii. 152

Andalusia, ii. 255

Andania, 69

Andros, 184, 187

S. Angelo, 63; comp. Malea.

S. Angelo in Pescaria, 238 _n._ 2

S. Angelo, castle of, ii. 101

Angli, 135

Anio, ii. 21

Anthedon, 117, 122

Anthemus, 289

Antibes, ii. 314

Anticyra, 133

Antigonea, 268

Antigonea, 73; comp. Mantinea.

Antigonids, 283

Antigonus Gonatas, 49

Antigonus Carystius, 307

Antioch, 234

Antiochus of Syracuse, ii. 188, 255

Antiparos, 186

Antipater, 292

Antipater’s poem on Corinth, 50

Antipolis, ii. 314

Antium, ii. 122

Antoninus, emperor, ii. 57

d’Anville, 9, 10, 18, 45 _n._, 168, 227, 257, 289; ii. 58, 127, 158, 340

Anxur, see Terracina.

Aones, 113

Aous, 307

Ἀπειρῶται, 252

Apelles, 210

Apennini montes, ii. 11, 18

Apia, 27

Apidanos, 160

Ἀπόκλητοι, 140

Apollo, temple of, at Gryneon, 216

Apollonia in Africa, ii. 330

Apollonia on the Aous, 273, 307; ii. 189

Apollonia in Thrace, 226

Apollonius Rhodius, 168, 175, 201, 271 _n._, ii. 328

Apollonius, tyrant of Cassandrea, 88

Appian, 304; ii. 30, 292, 336

Apricots, 252

Apuleius, 172; ii. 338

Apuli Daunii, ii. 170

Apuli Lucani, ii. 170

Apuli Teani, ii. 170

Apulia et Calabria, ii. 28

Apulia, 252; ii. 4, 5, 7, 12, 26, 154, 159, 168

Apulus, ii. 168

Aqua Appia, ii. 87

Aqua Claudia, ii. 88

Aqua crabra, ii. 50

Aqua damnata, ii. 50

Aqua Marcia, ii. 88

Aqua Virgo, ii. 88

Aquae Sextiae, ii. 315

Aquileia, ii. 248

Aquinum, ii. 127

Aquitani, ii. 313, 317

Aquitania, ii. 313

Arabic language, ii. 205, 206

Arachthos, 256, 307

Arae Philaenorum, ii. 330

Aragonese language, ii. 299

Araethyrea, 53; comp. Phlius.

Arar, ii. 316

Aratores, ii. 272

Aratus, 49, 53

Arausio, ii. 315

Arcades, 71, 75

Arcadia, 29, 30, 31, 33, 69, 70 foll.

Archaeanactidae, 246

Archelaus, 293

Archilochus, 183, 186

Archytas, ii. 186

Arctinus, 208

Ardea, ii. 109

Ardyaei, 300, 306, 311

Arelas, Arelate, ii. 315

Aremorica, ii. 318

Arena, ii. 46, 92

Areopagus, 96

Aretinus, 261 _n._ 2

Areus, Areas, 262 _n._

Arevaci, ii. 299

Ἀργεῖοι, 26

Argentum Oscense, ii. 295

Argolis, 29, 34, 37

Argos, 25, 30, 34, 36, 37 foll., 39, 161

Argos Amphilochicum, 166, 263, 266, 270, 307

Ἄργος Ἵππιον, see Arpi.

Argos in Orestis, 166, 269

Argos in Thessaly, 278

Argyripa, see Arpi.

Argyrocastro, 268

Aricia, ii. 115

Arimaspae, 208

Ariminum, ii. 26, 164 _n._, 241

Arion, 220

Arisba, 218

Aristides, Aelius, 20, 293 _n._

Aristodemus, 56

Aristodemus, tyrant of Elis, 88

Aristophanes, ii. 8

Aristoteles, 16, 23, 54, 78, 223, 255, 307; ii. 200, 296 _n._, 331

Aristoxenus, ii. 205

Arles, ii. 315

Armorica, ii. 25

Arnauts, 301

Arndt, E. M., ii. 10

Arne, 113, 160

Arno, ii. 21, 215

Arpi, ii. 170, 172

Arpinum, ii. 119, 124, 159

Arretium, ii. 163, 213, 227

Arretium, vases of, ii. 134

Arretium, vetus, fidens, Julium, ii. 227

Arrian, 118

Arsinoe, ii. 329

Artemidorus, ii. 283

Artyni, 43

Aruaci, ii. 299

Arverni, ii. 312, 316

Arx, ii. 48, 67

Asbestus, ii. 44

Asclepiadae, 204

Asculum, ii. 151

Asia, 22

Asine, 67, 69

Asinia gens, ii. 157

Asopus, 116

Aspetus, 261

Asphalt, springs of, 305

Aspropotamo, 145; comp. Achelous.

Assisium, ii. 233

Assos, 218

Astacos, 241

Asteria, 184

Astorga, ii. 302

Astures, ii. 301

Asturica, ii. 302

Ἄστυ, 93

Astypalaea, 195

Asylum, ii. 66

Atarneus, 223

Atella, ii. 127, 132

Athamania, 280 _n._ 2

Athenae, 55, 89, 93 foll.; the city of Hadrian, 96, 99; acropolis of, 97; buildings, 100, 106; population, 107; allied with Aetolia, 143

Ἀθηνᾶ Πολιάς, temple of, 97

Athenaeus, 20, 54, 108; ii. 85, 205

Ἀθηναῖοι Βοιωτοί, 112

Ἀθηναῖος, 91

Athenians, 98; ii. 194

Athesis, ii. 246

Athos, 226, 229, 280

Atintanes, 269, 311

Atreids, 33

Atrium, ii. 77

Atrium Libertatis, ii. 77

Atrium Vestae, ii. 77

Attica, 84, 90 foll.

Atticus, T. Pomponius, 267, 272

Ἀττικός, Ἀττική, 91

Attius, 181

Audyeelah, ii. 335

Aufidus, ii. 22, 171

Augila, ii. 335

Augusta Taurinorum, ii. 252

Augusta Trevirorum, ii. 319

S. Augustin, ii. 87

Augustodunum, ii. 317

Augustus, 308; ii. 9, 44, 94, 96, 103, 137 _n._, 227, 295, 296

Aula Domitiani, ii. 97

Aulaea, ii. 97

Aurelia, ii. 28

Aurelianus, ii. 58

M. Aurelius, emperor, ii. 140

Aurunci, ii. 6, 123

Ausonia, ii. 6, 123

Ausonius, ii. 242, 303

Αὐταγγελτοί, 130

Autariatae, 309

Aventinus, ii. 39, 41, 49, 100

Avernus Lacus, ii. 139

Avignon, ii. 315

Avineo, ii. 315

Avitus, ii. 311

Axius, 224, 282, 286

Azan, 71

Azanes, 71

Bacanae, lake, ii. 214

Bacchus, worship of, 233, 289

Bacchylides, 187

Badajoz, ii. 296

Baetica, ii. 282

Baetis, ii. 281, 283

Baiae, ii. 94, 138

Balari, ii. 274

Balnea, balneae, ii. 94

Βάλτος, 145, 256

Barbarians, 26; ii. 8

Barbaricini, ii. 276

Barbié du Bocage, 10, 95, 97, 118, 257, 289

Barca, ii. 329

Barcelona, ii. 293

Barcino, ii. 293

Bardylis, 300

Bari, ii. 175

Barium, ii. 175

Basilicata, ii. 182

Basilica of Antoninus, ii. 57, 84

Basilica Julia, s. L. et C. Caesarum, ii. 80

Basilica Opimia, ii. 80

Basilica Paulli, ii. 80

Basilica Porcia, ii. 80

Basilicae, ii. 79

S. Basilius, 106

Basque, ii. 302

Basque language, ii. 254, 285

Basra, ii. 198

Basse-Bretagne, ii. 25, 318

Bastarnae, ii. 325

Bastuli, ii. 288

Beaujour, Felix de, 293

Beef, 31

Beia, ii. 296

Belemina, 62

Belgae, ii. 306, 319

Belgium, ii. 10, 304

Belisarius, ii. 44

Βῆμα at Athens, ii. 74

Benacus, ii. 27

Beneventum, ii. 26, 142, 164

Bentley, Richard, 253; ii. 196

Berenice in Epirus, 268; in Cyrenaica, ii. 329

Bergamum, ii. 244

Berne, ii. 245

St. Bernard, mount, ii. 17

Beroea, 291

Berones, ii. 299

Berosus, ii. 349

Beterrae, ii. 313

Beziers, ii. 313

Bianchini, ii. 96

Bias, 209

Bituriges, ii. 303

Boccaccio, 107

Bochart, 22; ii. 268, 279

Boebeis, lake, 155, 160

Boeotarchs, 115

Boeotians, 113 foll., 123, 160

Boëthius, ii. 28

Boii, ii. 235, 236, 323

Boion, 134

Boissard, ii. 53, 105

Bolgs, ii. 306

Bomii, 138

Βωμὸς Ἐλέους, Αἰδοῦς at Athens, 98

Βωμὸς of Fama and Ὁρμή, 99

Bonaparte, Lucien, ii. 110

Bononia, ii. 234, 238

Boreas, 17

Borghese, Prince, ii. 114

Borgo, ii. 44, 46, 103

Bory de St. Vincent, ii. 294 _n._

Borysthenis, Borysthenopolis, 243

Bosporus, 182, 236

Bosporus, kingdom of, 245

Bottiaci, Bottiacis, 225, 288

Bottii, 226, 277

Botzen, ii. 10

Boundaries, natural, ii. 273

Bovianum, ii. 162, 163

Βουλευτήριον at Athens, 98

Βουλή, 130

Bozra, ii. 337

Brancaleone, ii. 83

Brenin, ii. 306

Brennus, 134

Brescia, 170

Breuni, 299

—_bria_, Thracian suffix for Town, 237

Brienne, 107

Brilessus, 92

Britain, 20; ii. 320

Britany, see Basse Bretagne.

Britons, ii. 207, 281

Brittia, ii. 28

Brixia, ii. 234, 244

Brocchi, ii. 39, 50

Bröndstedt, 187

Bronzes, ii. 173

Brundusium, ii. 177, 179

Bruttii, ii. 28

Bruttium, ii. 26, 144, 183

Bryseae, 59

Buffaloes, ii. 233

Bullii, Bulliones, 301, 306

Bulwark of Pope Paul III., ii. 60

Bura, 29, 80

Burdigala, ii. 303, 318

Burgus, see Borgo.

Burial places of the poor at Rome, ii. 46

Buschetti, ii. 218

Bushmen, ii. 340

Bustum of the Caesars, ii. 103

Butadae, 86

Buthroton, Buthrotos, 259, 267, 271 foll.

Buxentum, ii. 204

Βύρσα, ii. 337

Byzacene, Byzacitis, Byzacium, ii. 332, 338, 339

Byzantium, 237

Byzantius, Byzantinus, 238

Cabral, ii. 112

Caelius, hill, ii. 41, 100

Caelius Antipater, ii. 293

Caere, ii. 213, 223

Caesar, C. Julius, 11, 50, 51, 306; ii. 241, 303, 306, 313

Caesaraugusta, ii. 295

Calabri, ii. 177

Calabria (Terra di Lecce), 255; ii. 26, 177

Calauria, 44

Cales, ii. 128

Caligula, ii. 96, 136

Callaici, ii. 301

Callimachus, 144, 202, 269, 271 _n._

Callipolis on the Hellespont, 236

Callipolis in Magna Graecia, ii. 185

Calor, ii. 161

Calvinists, ii. 154

Calydon, 136, 145

Camalodunum, ii. 322

Camarina, ii. 255

Cambunii montes, 157

Cameos, ii. 199

Camerinum, ii. 233

Camiros, 196

Campagna di Roma, ii. 27

Campagna di Lavoro, ii. 28

Campania, ii. 5, 26, 28

Campania Aurelia, ii. 28

Campania Romana (Romae), ii. 27

Campania suburbicaria, ii. 28

Campanian vases, ii. 133

Campi, ii. 128, 130

Campi Catalaunici, ii. 128

Campo Santo, ii. 218

Campo Vaccino, ii. 73

Campus Caelimontanus, ii. 100

Campus Esquilinus, ii. 100

Campus Martius, ii. 49, 55, 56, 95, 100

Καμπυλίδαι, 260

Camuni, ii. 244

Candauian hills, 285

Canobus, ii. 344

Canosa, ii. 174

Cantabri, ii. 302

Canusium, ii. 170, 173

Capena, ii. 213, 225

Capharean rocks, 178

Capitoline temple, ii. 67

Capitolinus, ii. 42, 65

Capua, ii. 127, 130

Caralis, ii. 276

Κάρβανοι, ii. 8

Carcer, ii. 69

Cardamyle, 69

Cardia, 234, 235

Cardinals, ii. 45

Cares, 77, 123, 184, 192, 197, 203, 205, 217

Carinae, ii. 66, 95, 99

Carpathos, 195

Carpetani, Καρπήσιοι, ii. 298

Carthaea, 141, 187

Carthago, ii. 330, 336

Carthago nova, ii. 288

Carystus, 177

Casci, Cascus, ii. 35, 123

Casilinum, ii. 127, 129

Casinum, ii. 159

Casmenae, ii. 264

Cassander, 228, 296, 297

Cassandrea, 228, 235, 298; comp. Potidaea.

Cassianus, ii. 311

Cassiopea, 263, 272

Cassiterides insulae, ii. 320

Castalia, 129

Castanea, 158

Castaneae nuces, 158

Castiglione, ii. 277, 334

Castulonensis saltus, ii. 291

Catacombs, 106; ii. 46

Catalani, 107

Catalogue, see Homer.

Catana, 176

Κατάπλους, ii. 136

Cato, M. Porcius, ii. 8, 141, 230, 238

Cattle, breeding of, ii. 233

Catullus, ii. 245, 246

Caucones, 26, 77

Caudium, ii. 165

Caudini, ii. 143, 161

Caulon, Caulonia, ii. 189, 199

Caunii, 201

Καυσία, 292

Caystrus, 210

Celano, ii. 156.

Celia, ii. 68

Celia, Della, ii. 329

Celtae, ii. 280, 281, 298, 306, 326

Celtiberi, ii. 280, 300

Celtici, ii. 280, 298

Celtic language, ii. 305

Celtoligyes, ii. 313

Cenchreae, 45, 51

Cencius Camerarius, ii. 97 _n._

Cenomani, ii. 236, 238

Census at Rome, ii. 72

Centaurs, 159

Centrones, ii. 50

Centumcellae, ii. 136, 223

Centuripa, ii. 271

Ceos, 184, 187

Cephaloedion, ii. 267

Cephallenia, 142, 143, 153, 154

Cephallenian islands, 153

Cephisus, 92; the Phocian, 117

Ceramicus, 97

Ceras (χρυσοῦν), 237

Ceraunian mountains, 255

Cerigo, see Cythera.

Cermalus, ii. 59

Cerynea, 80

Ceylon, ii. 274

Chaeronea, 122

Chalcedon, 238, 242

Χαλκιδῆς ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης, 225, 282

Chalcidice, 227

Chalcidian towns, in Epithrace, 176; in Sicily and Italy, 176; ii. 189