Lead poisoning and lead absorption

The use of lead for various industrial processes and for painting was well known to the ancients. Pliny[1] speaks of white lead, and a method of corroding lead in earthen pots w...

Lead poisoning of industrial origin rarely occurs in the acute form. Practically all cases coming under the notice of either appointed surgeons, certifying surgeons, or even in...

A large number of poisonous substances, among which lead may be included, are not equally poisonous in the same dose for all persons. It is customary to speak of those persons w...

Classification of notified cases of lead poisoning was carried out on practically the same lines between the years 1900 and 1909, and comparison of the data so collected has int...

The pathology of lead poisoning has formed the subject of scientific inquiry from the time that the association of certain pathological symptoms was definitely correlated with p...

It was thought that some light might be thrown on chronic intoxication produced by lead salts if direct experiment were made upon animals, resembling in the arrangement of such...

=Acute Poisoning.=--Acute poisoning by lead is not common. Industrially it hardly ever occurs. Zinn[1] states that, out of 200 cases of industrial lead poisoning in his clinic i...

In the case of the sweat there is not much evidence, but a few observers, mainly French, claim to have discovered traces of lead in the skin of lead-workers. In such a case, how...

=Symptomatology and Diagnosis= (_Continued_)--=The Nervous System.=--The most definite objective symptoms of chronic poisoning by means of lead are those of the nervous system....

Very great assistance is afforded by chemical and histological diagnosis in the determination of cases of lead poisoning, especially when the case is likely to involve proceedin...

In laying down the general lines of treatment for both lead poisoning and lead absorption, it is essential in the first place to distinguish carefully between the two states; fo...

=Amount of Lead Fume and Dust in the Atmosphere Breathed.=--Lead fuses at 325° C. and boils at between 1450° and 1,600° C. It is volatile when heated to a cherry-red colour--abo...

=Periodical Examination.=--In various codes of regulations a surgeon is required to make periodical medical examination of the workers. The term “surgeon” is defined as the “Cer...

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=Overalls and Head Coverings.=--Stress has been laid on the wearing of overalls and head coverings in processes giving rise to dust or to splashes of glaze or paint in special r...

=Lead Smelting and Silver Refining.=--Lead poisoning very rarely occurs in lead mining in Europe, as galena (sulphide of lead), the principal ore in which the metal is found, is...

=Manufacture of White Lead[20].=--The usual method in this country is that known as the “Dutch process,” although the German chamber process, precipitation processes, and others...

=Coach-Painting[34].=--Lead poisoning is peculiarly prevalent in this industry, and no corresponding reduction in the number reported can be observed from year to year (see the...