Chapter 3

If there is not room to place each row of the garden below the preceding one, it must be placed so as to half cover it, but in that case, especially if there are many vacancies, the rows of cards are apt to get mixed, so it is best to count from the top, to make sure that you are placing the row you are working on in its proper detached line, and are not partly refilling other rows. _You must finish each row before playing from it._

When the garden is laid out, and all available cards have been played (Rule III), take up by itself each perpendicular column, beginning on the left, placing the next column underneath the first, and so on with each column in succession, so that, in turning the pack to re-deal, the last column on the right may be uppermost, thus reversing the order of each row of cards in the next deal.

The garden may be taken up twice and re-dealt exactly in the same manner and observing the same rules.

NESTOR

One Entire Pack of Cards

PLAY

Deal out in horizontal lines six rows each containing eight cards. In dealing these, you must be careful that there should never be two cards of equal value in the same _perpendicular_ line. If, for example, two kings or two fives (the same, of course, applies to all the cards) were to be underneath each other, even though several other cards intervened between them, it would be useless to proceed. You must, therefore, consider the duplicate card as unavailable for the moment and place it at the bottom of the pack in hand, and proceed to deal the next card.

When the tableau is complete, four cards will remain, which are to be placed aside, as a reserve. You then examine the tableau and endeavor to pair the cards, taking only those of the lowest row, until their removal releases those above. When no more can be paired, you have recourse to those of the reserve, taking them up one by one. If the first cannot be paired, put it aside, taking the next, but the card or cards so put aside can be paired afterwards if the opportunity of doing so arises. If all the cards cannot be paired, the game has failed.

LIGHT AND SHADE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations ascend in sequence, but are formed in alternate colors: red ace, black deuce, red three, and so on.

II. Cards placed on the Auxiliaries descend in sequence, but must also alternate in color.

III. Vacancies in the Auxiliaries are filled by cards from the Rivals; vacancies in the Rivals, by cards from the pack or talon.

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, and place them in a horizontal line (the suits as in tableau). These are the foundation cards, which ascend in sequence to kings (Rule I).

Next deal out eight cards and place them above the foundations in two rows, four cards in each (see tableau). The upper row is called the Auxiliaries; the lower one, the Rivals. If any suitable cards are found in the Auxiliaries, play them, filling the spaces so made from the Rivals (Rule III). Cards from the Rivals may be placed in descending sequence on those of the Auxiliaries (Rule II), and the sequences so formed will be played as opportunity arises on to the foundations. Continue to deal out the pack, playing, placing on the Auxiliaries, and refilling spaces according to rules--the non-suitable cards forming a talon.

It must be remembered that cards can only be played on the foundations _from the Auxiliaries_, and not straight from the Rivals or from the talon; cards from these must first pass into the Auxiliaries.

There is no re-deal.

THE LABYRINTH

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. Only cards in the highest or lowest rows are available, until a card from any other row is released, by the removal of cards either above or below it, the principle being that no card can be used that is not free _either_ from the top or the bottom. Small crosses are placed on the tableau to mark the cards that are available.

III. You can only refill vacancies in the lowest row as the deal goes on (_i.e._, in the row which you are actually dealing).

IV. Each row must be completed before you can play from it.

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack and place in horizontal line above, four kings and four aces of different suits. These are the foundations, the aces ascending in sequence to kings, the kings descending to aces (Rule I).

You next deal out ten cards in a horizontal row, and when the row is complete, play any suitable cards on the foundations, refilling the vacancies from the pack or talon.

Proceed to deal out a second row of ten cards underneath the first, playing suitable ones as before, playing _also from the upper row_, and refilling spaces subject to Rule III. As you may only refill vacancies on the last row which is being dealt, there will be many gaps in the tableau as you proceed.

You continue thus to deal out the entire pack in successive rows, each row completely blocking the preceding one unless the removal of a card releases the one above it, or _unless the removal of cards in the upper rows_ (Rule II) releases that card from above.

When the pack is exhausted and you have played all available cards, if the game has not succeeded, you have one more chance, _i.e._, the privilege of removing any one card from the tableau, taking care, of course, to remove the card which blocks those most needed. The choice of this "grace" is the only point left to the skill of the player.

There is no re-deal.

_Note 1._--Some players instead of taking the foundations from the pack, wait till they appear in the deal.

_Note 2._--The dimensions of the tableau preclude the insertion of the spaces for the foundation cards.

SPENSER'S FAIRIE QUEEN

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. If during the deal two or more kings turn up in succession, cards can only be placed on the last one.

III. Available cards may be transferred from one column to another in descending sequence and need not follow suit.

IV. Only the lowest card of each column is available, until its removal releases the one above it.

V. Any available card may be transferred to a single king, and sequences may be placed upon that card as upon those of the other columns.

PLAY

Take one king from the pack, and place it at the left-hand upper corner. Upon this king you place the cards as they are dealt, in perpendicular column, each card half covering the preceding one, until a second king appears, which must be placed next to the first one, and becomes in its turn the head of a second column (Rule II). When a third king appears, it is placed next to the second one, and is treated in like manner, and so on until the pack is exhausted, cards being always placed on the last king turned up. Thus some kings will head lines of different lengths (see Note 3, on next page), and some will probably remain alone, and this, as will be seen, is very advantageous.

During the deal, aces as they turn up are placed in the spaces reserved.

The eight aces form the foundation cards and ascend in sequence to queens (Rule I). (See Note 2.)

Suitable cards may be played as they turn up in the deal, and after playing each, the columns should be examined, as the playing of a card may bring other available ones (Rule IV) into use.

When the deal is complete, the tableau must be carefully examined.

Available cards may now be transferred from one column to another (Rule III) or placed on the single kings (Rule V) or played on the foundations. And it is sometimes better not to play cards, but to leave them to receive sequences.

It is not advisable to transfer queens, as they cannot be moved again until required to complete the foundations, but it is often necessary to do so, when their removal would release cards urgently needed. The success of the game greatly depends on the skill of the player in transferring the sequences backward and forward so as to release as many cards as possible. There is no re-deal. (See Note 1.)

_Note 1._--Supposing that you have two single kings and wish to release a knave of hearts which is blocked with a descending sequence, the last card of that sequence being a four, place the four and then the five on the two spare kings. The six is thus released, and if a seven should be at the bottom of any other column, you transfer the six on to it, and also the five and the four, thus again freeing the two kings. Now put up the seven and the eight (of the column you are trying to work off) on to those kings. Then transfer the seven to the eight, and place the nine on the remaining king. You have now only the ten left to block your knave of hearts; you will probably find, or be able to release, some other available knave, on which you will place the ten. In this somewhat complicated manner you arrive at the desired knave of hearts. The combinations are endless.

_Note 2._--The spaces for the foundations are not marked for want of room.

_Note 3._--It often happens that so many cards have to be dealt on to one king before the next one appears that the column can no longer be continued in a straight line. The player must, therefore, twist the cards to gain room (see tableau), the small crosses show the available cards.

THE TERRACE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. Only the last card (_i.e._, the right-hand one) of the Terrace is available till its removal releases the card next to it.

II. The foundations ascend in sequence and must be formed with alternate red and black cards.

III. Cards in the valley may be transferred in alternate _descending_ sequence from one packet to another, and the uppermost card of the talon may also be placed in sequence on the valley, but, like those of the foundations, the sequences in the valley must be formed of alternate colors.

IV. Only the uppermost cards of the valley packets are available until their removal releases those beneath.

PLAY

Deal out from left to right a row of thirteen cards. This is called the Terrace. You next turn up from the pack in hand three cards, and choose one of the three as a foundation. Place the foundation card underneath the Terrace on the left side, and the seven other cards of similar value will take their places, as they turn up in the deal, in a line with the first foundation (see tableau).

You next place your two rejected cards underneath the foundation, and deal out seven other cards alongside, forming a third horizontal row of nine cards. This is called the valley. From the valley you take any foundations, and having placed them, you play also any other suitable cards (Rule II); but you must first examine the Terrace, as cards must always in preference be played from the Terrace (Rule I). Having played all suitable cards, and refilled the vacancies in the valley from the pack in hand, proceed to place cards in sequence in the valley (Rules III and IV), of course playing them in preference on the foundations when possible, but remember always to examine the Terrace, as the success of the game depends entirely on detaching cards from the Terrace. If even a suitable card could be played from the valley, and none were at the moment available on the Terrace, it would still be better to refrain from playing it, if an equally suitable card from the Terrace were likely shortly to be released. In reference to your choice of the foundation cards, you should always examine the available card of the Terrace and choose, if possible, one below it in value.

You next proceed to deal out the entire pack, playing on foundations (Rule II), placing and transferring cards in the valley (Rules III and IV), and refilling vacancies.

There is no re-deal.

GENERAL SEDGEWICK

One Entire Pack of Cards

RULES

I. The original five cards forming the cross are available, but when they are covered by the addition of others, only the uppermost card of each packet is available until its removal releases the card beneath.

II. The foundations follow suit.

III. Cards on the cross may be transferred in descending sequence from one packet to another, and cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in descending sequence on those of the cross.

IV. Cards on the cross need not follow suit.

PLAY

Deal five cards and place them in the form of a cross.

The next card turned is to be placed in the left-hand upper corner, and this constitutes the foundation card, the three others of similar value, as they appear, being placed in the three other corners (see tableau).

The foundation cards ascend in sequence (Rule II).

Having placed the cross and the first foundation, play any foundation or other suitable cards from the cross, filling the vacancies from pack or talon. You then proceed to transfer cards on the cross (Rules I, III, and IV); and although not necessary, it is very advantageous that these packets should be of the same suit, as they are then ready to be played on to the foundations, and to effect this by transferring the cards backward and forward as much as possible should be the great object of the player.

Continue to deal out the cards till the pack is exhausted--playing, transferring, and refilling vacancies. The non-suitable cards form the talon.

There is no re-deal.

THE QUEENS

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. The uppermost card of the key is alone available until its removal releases the card beneath; each card that is played releasing the one that it covered.

III. Cards from the key can only be played on the foundations and may not be placed on the shutter.

IV. The cards in payment of the queens are taken from the _top_ of the key (fourteen for each queen _including_ herself).

V. Cards in payment of the queens are taken from the _bottom_ of the talon (three for each queen _exclusive_ of herself).

PLAY

Take from the pack thirty-two cards; place them in a packet on the left side, face upward. This packet is called the key. If the uppermost card should be a queen, take fourteen cards from the top of the key (including the queen) and place them at the bottom of the pack (Rule IV). After removing the fourteen cards, should the next card on the key chance also to be a queen, you repeat the process, thus adding twenty-eight cards to the pack, and diminishing those on the key. Even if the next card in like manner chanced to be a queen, you would take all the remaining cards of the key (which could, however, only be four) and add them to the pack,--thus getting rid of the key, which would greatly facilitate the success of the game.

After dealing out the key (and if you have good luck, diminishing it) you next proceed to deal seven cards, placing them in two rows of four and three cards respectively. (See tableau.) These are called the shutter. If during the dealing of these any kings appear, place them in a row above. The eight kings are the foundations, which ascend through aces to queens (Rule I).

When the shutter is dealt, play from it any suitable cards, refilling the spaces at once, but always first look to see if a card from the key is available (Rules II and III), and play that in preference, as it is all important to get rid of the key. Cards on the shutter can marry in descending line with each other, or with cards from the pack or talon. When you have married or played all available cards, deal out the remainder of the pack, playing, marrying, and refilling spaces; the unsuitable cards forming a talon.

You must carefully count the number of queens that you place in the talon (it is best to have some counters at hand for this purpose), as when the pack is exhausted each of these queens counts for three cards--_i.e._, for each queen you take from the bottom of the talon three cards besides herself (Rule V)--and these cards constitute a fresh pack to deal from.

Thus, if the talon contains six queens, you take from it eighteen cards exclusive of the six queens (Rule V) and deal them out again, and again count the queens to repay yourself as before. This is done to give a fresh chance of winning the game, as the talon is not re-dealt in its entirety. If the talon has not sufficient cards left to pay three for each queen, you simply take all that remain, and then there is good hope of success, if the key has also been played out.

THE HERRING-BONE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. The lowest (or twenty-eighth) card of the herring-bone is alone available until its removal releases the next one (_i.e._, the uppermost card of the fan above it), then the second card of the fan becomes the available one, then the third, then the single card above the fan just played, and so on, the removal of each card rendering the next one available.

III. All the cards in the side scenes and the four bars are available.

IV. Vacancies on the bars are refilled from cards of the herring-bone (Rule II), but vacancies on the side scenes may only be refilled from the pack or talon.

PLAY

Deal out twenty-eight cards, beginning from the top (see tableau), thus: Three at the top, placed fan shape, then a single card half covering the fan, then another fan half covering the single card, then another single card, and so on till you have seven fans and seven single cards: this is called the herring-bone, the last card being a single one and available. (Rule II.)

You next deal out eight cards, four on each side the herring-bone: these are called side scenes. Then place one card horizontally above and below each side scene: these are called bars. When these forty cards are placed, the next card dealt becomes the foundation, and is placed in one of the allotted spaces, the other seven cards of similar value being placed as they appear on the tableau, or during the deal.

Four of the foundations ascend in sequence and four descend (Rule I), and it is best to place the ascending on the right side, the descending on the left.

When the tableau is complete, and the first foundation has been played, examine the whole and play from the herring-bone, bars, or side scenes any foundations or other suitable cards. Always choose, in preference, cards from the herring-bone or bars, as on the removal of the herring-bone the success of the game mainly depends, and if a bar is removed, the available card on the herring-bone replaces it, thus releasing the next. (Rules II and III.)

Having played and refilled all spaces, proceed to deal out the entire pack, playing all suitable cards, and refilling spaces; the unsuitable cards forming the talon. In forming the foundations, one card at a time may be exchanged from the ascending to the descending sequence, and _vice versâ_.

The talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt twice.

_Note._--It is so exceedingly disadvantageous that there should be duplicate cards in the herring-bone, that in the German variety of this game the herring-bone is set out from a single pack before the two packs are shuffled.

THE OLGA

Four Piquet Packs

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. Each card in the flower-bed must be turned face upward as soon as the card immediately below it is removed. The card so turned is then available.

III. Cards on the flower-bed may be placed in descending sequence upon each other (and cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in sequence on the flower-bed), but must be so placed in alternate colors, _i.e._, a black eight upon a red nine, and so on.

PLAY

Deal out forty-nine cards in seven horizontal rows, each containing seven cards. This is called the flower-bed. In the first row the cards are placed face upward, in the second row face downward, and so on alternately, the seventh or last row being face upward. Should there not be space, each row may half cover the preceding one. The foundations consist of sixteen aces, ascending in sequence through sevens to kings (Rule I). When the flower-bed has been dealt, if any aces appear in the lowest row, play them in their allotted spaces, as also any deuces or other suitable cards, always turning the card above the one played, face upward. Available cards on the flower-bed (Rule II) may be placed in descending sequence on each other, but in alternate colors (Rule III). They may be transferred from one packet to another, and on doing this judiciously the success of the game depends. Cards from the pack or talon may also be placed in sequence (Rule III) on those of the flower-bed. [You are not obliged to play cards on the foundations, if to place them on the flower-bed seems more advantageous.] Continue to deal out the entire pack, playing on foundations, placing and transferring on the flower-bed, the unsuitable cards forming the talon. If you succeed in removing an entire perpendicular row of cards, the space at the top may be filled by any available card of the flower-bed (Rule II), and upon that card may be placed sequences (Rule III) as on the other rows.

CÆSAR

Nine Cards from One Entire Pack

PLAY

Withdraw from one entire pack nine cards, composed of any suits, from ace to nine inclusive. Place these nine cards in three rows, each containing three cards. Endeavor, by changing their position, so to dispose them, that the number of pips in each row, counting the cards horizontally, perpendicularly, and diagonally, may make the sum of fifteen. The tableau shows only three fifteens, but if the cards are properly placed eight fifteens can be made.

RED AND BLACK

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. Cards may be placed on the Volunteers in descending sequence, but they must be of alternate colors. On the black four (see tableau) would be placed a red three, then a black deuce, and so on.

PLAY

Withdraw from the pack the eight aces, placing them in pairs of alternate colors in a horizontal line (see tableau). These are the foundations and ascend in sequence to kings (Rule I). Next deal out eight cards, placing them underneath the foundations. This row of cards is called the Volunteers. Examine the Volunteers and play any suitable cards on to the foundations, immediately filling each vacancy from the cards in hand. When no more can be played, proceed to form sequences in descending line with cards of the Volunteers, subject strictly to Rule II; then again play all that are suitable and proceed to deal out the cards till the pack is exhausted, playing cards on the foundations or placing them in sequence on the Volunteers, and always refilling vacancies. The unsuitable cards form the talon.

When the pack is exhausted, the talon may be taken up, shuffled, and re-dealt once.

THE SQUARE

Two Entire Packs of Cards

RULES

I. The foundations follow suit.

II. The four aces (foundation cards) ascend in sequence to kings. When each packet has ascended to king, a second king (same suit) is placed on the top, and another sequence on the same packet descends to ace, with which the four foundations terminate.

PLAY

Deal out sixteen cards, as in tableau. This is the "Square" (Quadrat).

During the deal, the four aces of different suits must be placed in their allotted spaces as they appear. These are the foundations, which ascend in sequence to kings and descend again to aces (Rule II).