Category: History - British

Labour policy—false and true

Origin of the Labour Party—Reconstitution in 1918—The Trades Union Congress—The National Joint Council—The Parliamentary Labour Party—The Labour Party, a Class Party—The Party’s Want of Leadership.

Chapters

1. PART I. THE FALSE POLICY OF LABOUR

Origin of the Labour Party—Reconstitution in 1918—The Trades Union Congress—The National Joint Council—The Parliamentary Labour Party—The Labour Party, a Class Party—The Party’s...

2. PART II. GOVERNMENT LABOUR POLICY

Co-operation between Employers and Unions at Beginning of War—The Unsettling Effect of Shortage of Labour—The “Treasury” Agreements of March, 1915—The Limitation of Employers’ P...

3. PART III. THE TRUE LABOUR POLICY

Ignorance about Industry—Misconceptions as to Wages—Discontent and its Causes—Effect of Bad Environment—Fear of Unemployment—Dissatisfaction with Status in Industry—Belief in Ag...

4. CHAPTER I

Origin of the Labour Party—Reconstitution in 1918—The Trades Union Congress—The National Joint Council—The Parliamentary Labour Party—The Labour Party a Class Party—The Party’s...

5. CHAPTER II

A National Minimum Standard of Living—Effective Personal Freedom—Socialization of Land and Industry—A Revolution in Public Finance—The Surplus Wealth for the Common Good—Interna...

6. CHAPTER III

Socialism is too amorphous to admit of any workable definition. Each age exhibits schools of thought, industrial and philosophic, which define Socialism in different ways accord...

7. CHAPTER IV

Labour’s Struggle for Political Power, 1825-1832—Labour’s Alliance with Revolutionary Socialism, 1832-1842—Labour’s Renunciation of Socialism, 1842-1885—The Era of Constitutiona...

8. CHAPTER V

Nationalization of the Means of Production, Distribution and Exchange—The Labour Addendum to the Whitley Report, 1918—The Industrial Programme of 1918—Land Nationalization—The C...

9. CHAPTER VI

The First International—The Old Second International—The International Labour Charter of 1919—The New Second International—The Geneva Resolutions on Socialism of 1920—The Second...

10. CHAPTER VII

The Meaning and Qualities of Direct Action—Direct Action on the Clyde, 1916—Conversion of the Labour Party to Use of Direct Action-Establishment of the Council of Action—Setting...

11. CHAPTER VIII

The Industries and Businesses to be Nationalized—Extension of Municipal Enterprise—Control of Capitalistic Industries and Businesses—Labour’s Agricultural Policy—Abolition of La...

12. CHAPTER IX

What Capitalism Is—Our Debt to Capitalism—The Alleged Defects of Capitalism—Where Reform is Admittedly Needed—The Failure of Past Socialistic Experiments—Limits within which Nat...

13. CHAPTER X

The Manchester Resolution of 1917—The Memorandum on War Aims, 1917—The Memorandum on Unemployment after the War, 1917—The London Resolution of 1918—The Prevention of Unemploymen...

14. CHAPTER XI

The utter impracticability of Labour’s principle of “work or maintenance” is almost self-apparent. The primary cause of unemployment is want of work, the result of economic forc...

15. CHAPTER XII

Co-operation between Employers and Unions at Beginning of War—The Unsettling Effect of Shortage of Labour—The “Treasury” Agreements of March 1915—The Limitation of Employers’ Pr...

16. CHAPTER XIII

Before the creation of the Ministry of Labour in 1916, a general surveillance of labour conditions was maintained by the Chief Industrial Commissioner’s Department of the Board...

17. CHAPTER XIV

Pre-war Conditions—The South Wales Strike of 1915—Government War-time Control—The Sankey Commission—The Mining Industry Act, 1920—The Strike of October 1920—The Strike of April...

18. Part II of the Act. Meanwhile, the owners who originally acquiesced

in the terms of the Act, and through spokesmen in Parliament agreed to work it, similarly changed their minds, and the Mining Association announced about the same time that, as...

19. CHAPTER XV

Pre-war Conditions—Government War-time Control—The Wage Agreement of March 1919—The Railway Strike of September 1919—The Wage Agreement of March 1920—The Railways Act, 1921—The...

20. CHAPTER XVI

The necessity during the war of encouraging the production of food at home led to the Corn Production Act, 1917, which provided for control by the Ministry of Agriculture of cul...

21. CHAPTER XVII

1. State Unemployment Insurance—The Present Scheme of 1920—Emergency Provisions—Temporary Act of March, 1921—Temporary Act of July, 1921—Temporary Provision for Dependents’ Act...

22. CHAPTER XVIII

The Trade Facilities Act, 1921, represents the most important of the constructive proposals which resulted from the conferences held by the Prime Minister at Gairloch in the aut...

23. CHAPTER XIX

Ignorance about Industry—Misconceptions as to Wages—Discontent and its Causes—Effect of Bad Environment—Fear of Unemployment—Dissatisfaction with Status in Industry—Belief in Ag...

24. Act 1913; if the Trade Union Act (1913) Amendment Bill 1922 passes,

he will not be liable unless he expressly agrees. There is evidence of independence in the results of the General Election in 1918 and of by-elections since, where very large se...

25. CHAPTER XX

The Three Dominant Aspirations of the Workers—Can and Ought they to be Satisfied?—The Vagueness of Labour’s Scheme of Reconstruction—The Recent Change in Labour’s Proposals—Refo...

26. Part I, chapter IX, I outline the injury to industry and the country

that would inevitably result, in my judgment, from any socialistic reconstruction of industry. Here I am only concerned to show that when the flowing garments of flowery phraseo...

27. CHAPTER XXI

Before we can construct any scheme of reform of our industrial system we must have a clear idea of what is industry. In the prosaic language of economics it is a purposive produ...

28. CHAPTER XXII

1. The Policy for the Present Depression—Establishment of International Peace—Reduction of National Expenditure—Lowering of Taxation—Stabilizing the Exchanges—Revision of Financ...

29. CHAPTER XXIII

2. The Normal Position of Government in Relation to Industry—Regulation of Factory Conditions—Conciliation and not Intervention—Protection of the Community—Wages in Unorganized...

30. CHAPTER XXIV

(_a_) Provision against Unemployment—Equalization of Demand for Labour—Insurance against Unemployment—Need of a Job-Finding Organization—Insurance by State or Industry—State Ins...

31. CHAPTER XXV

(_b_) Human Status of the Worker in Industry—The Slowness of Ordinary Conciliation Machinery—The Whitley Councils Scheme—Joint National and District Industrial Councils—Works’ C...

32. CHAPTER XXVI

(_c_) Remuneration of the Worker—Uniform National Wages—Wage-Relationships among the Workers—Wages and the Community—Are Higher Wages Practicable?—The Settlement of Wages—System...

33. CHAPTER XXVII

The Workers’ Own Resort to Co-operation—The Marxian Argument against Co-operation—Some Workshop Applications—The Marxian Fallacy of the Origin of Capital—The Marxian Fallacy of...

34. CHAPTER XXVIII

The Importance of Production—What Production Depends on—The Workers’ Notion of the Secret Fund—“Passing it on”—The Workers’ Belief in Restricted Output—Introduction of Time- and...

35. CHAPTER XXIX

If too little consideration for the community has been exercised by industry—and that is unquestionably proved in the foregoing chapters—the community has scarcely realized its...

36. PART I. ACTS OF PARLIAMENT, STATUTORY ORDERS, ETC.

Unemployment Insurance Act, 1920, 176, 262 (Temporary Provisions Amendment) Act, 1920, 181 Act, 1921, 178, 180, 181, 183 (No. 2) Act, 1921, 178, 181 Act, 1922, 184, 197 (Relief...

37. PART II. PERSONS.

38. PART III. PLACES.

39. PART IV. PUBLICATIONS.

40. PART V. ORGANIZATIONS.

Labour Party, Evolution of, 21; Constitution, 1900, 21, 22; Reconstitution, 1918, 22; Objects, 23; Membership, 25; Finance, 25; Sectarian characteristics, 27; Want of leadership...

41. PART VI. SUBJECTS.

Agriculture, Councils for, 90; Government’s new policy in 1921, Repeal of Corn Production Act, 1917, a “breach of faith,” 171; Government war-time control, 171; Joint Conciliati...