Part 36

_Durocinonte_ 80

_Durobrivis_ 82

_Durocobrivis_ 116

_Durobrovis_ 120

_Durolenum_ 121

_Durovernum_ 122

_Dubris_ 127

_Durnovaria_ 161

_Eltabona_ 37

_Etocetum_ 61

_Garionenum_ 152

_Glevum_ 67

_Isca Dumnoniorum_ 156

_Ischalis_ 154

_Ibernium_ 189

_Leucomagus_ 64

_Lindum_ 88

_Lactorodum_ 114

_Londinium_ 119

_Lapis Tituli_ 131

_Lemanis_ 132

_Londinis_ 160

_Moridunum_ 159

_Moriconium_ 190

_Mida_ 202

_Mantantonis_ 201, 202

_Magiovinium_ 115

_Margidunum_ 106

_Mancunium_ 58

_Noviomagus_ 119

_Præsidium_ 49

_Pennocrucium_ 61

_Portus magnus_ 193

_Punctuobice_ 144

_Pontes_ 205

_Rutupiæ_ 124

_Regnum_ 190

_Ratæ_ 108

_Salinis_ 69

_Salinæ_ 78

_Sorbiodunum_ 182

_Suellaniacis_ 118

_Tamese_ 43

_Tripontium_ 112

_Trausantum_ 193

_Vindoma_ 177

_Verlucio_ 142

_Vagniacis_ 120

_Verolanium_ 116

_Vernometum_ 108

_Venta Belgarum_ 191

_Vindogladia_ 188

_Vainona_ 28

_Ypocessa_ 69

Roman Forts.

_Burgh_ 16, 29

_Boston_ 16

_Spalding_ 14

_Wisbech_ 14, 16

_Brancaster_ 16

_Richborough_ 125

_Farnborough_ 204

Many more 8

Roman Camps.

_Arbury hill_ 114

_Audleyn_ 79

_Bury hill_ 43

_Bury hill_ 179

_Burrough hill_ 113

_Barbury_ 140

_Badbury_ 140

_Badbury_ 140

_Badbury_ 189

_Castledikes_ 114

_Cheselbury_ 135

_Cheselbury_ 139

_Chloridunum_ 137

_Dinder-hill_ 70

_Gildsborough_ 38

_Hexton_ 77

_Honington_ 87

_Hamden hill_ 156

_Honey ditches_ 159

By _Kingsclere_ 179

_Maiden castle_ 162

_Martinshall_ 139

_Oldbury_ 141

_Poundbury_ 162

_Ring hill_ 202

_St. Roc’s hill_ 70

_Sutton walls_ 79

_Vespasian’s camp_ 138

_Wodbury_ 189

_Yarborough_ 101

_Yarnbury_ 137

Roman remains.

_Old Sea-dike_ 13

The _Cardike_ 7

Gate at _Lincoln_ 89

At _Canterbury_ 13, 122

_Mintwall_, at _Lincoln_ 89

At _Exeter_ 157, 158

_Jewrywall, Leicester_ 109

At _Ariconium_ 70

At _Rochester_ 120

_Temples_ 66, 79, 146

Manner of _Roman_ walls 89, 104, 117, 120, 122, 125, 129, 132, 161, 165, 177

_Lolham_ bridges 7

_Pharos_ at _Dover_ 129

Their mortar 89, 101

Proportion of bricks 70, 117

Imbanking of _Holland_ 12

Piles of oak 105, 109

Amphitheatres 125, 163, 164, 178

_Julian_’s bower 31, 95

The meaning 97

_Chichester_ inscription 196

_Lapis milliaris_ 14, 87, 94, 179

_Lares_ 42, 66, 118, 145

_Thyrsus_ 31

Antiquities in _Holland_ 12, 13

At _Rauceby_ 12

_Wells_ 54, 83

_Hypocausts_ 59, 70, 123

Coins found 9, 13, 40, 42, 48, 52, 54, 59, 60, 62, 66, 70, 78, 80, 83, 84, 85, 86, 91, 94, 95, 101, 104, 107, 112, 114, 116, 139, 141, 142, 145, 149, 150, 154, 156, 158, 175, 177, 182, 188, 202, 205

_Mosaics_ 47, 66, 70, 81, 83, 84, 105, 107, 109, 117, 155, 158, 162, 202

_Cæsar’s_ landing place 127

_Julia Domna_’s head 157

_Arundel_ Collection _Preface_, 38, 45, 84

_Runway_ 141

_Rumsey_ 191

_Ramsgate cliff_ 124

_Ravensbank_ 15

VII. } { 203 _Antoninus_’s Iter XIII. } corrected { 143 XIV. } { 144 XV. } { 204

Inscriptions 67, 91, 148, 169

Celtic Antiquities.

_Tumuli_ 5, 19, 29, 30, 38, 43, 74, 106, 107, 113, 115, 118, 127, 131, 135, 156, 160, 162, 165, 179, 184, 188, 189, 191, 202

Instruments dug up 12, 57, 58, 59, 91

_Oppida_ 53, 77, 78, 124, 135, 138, 182, 191

_Cursus_ 109

Temples 48, 100, 136, 140, 149

_Grimesditch_ 47, 179

_Flightditch_ 79

_Brentditch_ 79

Boundary of the _Belgic_ kingdom I. 189 II. 187 III. 138 _Wansdike_ IV. 64, 142, 145

The _Albionites_ 189

These _Celtic_ works ancienter than the _Roman_ 141, 142, 188

British Camps.

_Aukbury_ 138

_Credon hill_ 70

_Bushill_ 77

By East _Hamstead_ 177

_Harbury banks_ 78

_Maiden bower_ 115

_Wilbury_ 77

_Warmleighton_ 49

_Tadmerton_ 49

_Burbich_ 139

_Mentaris Æstuarium_ 5

_Cavata_ 85

_Victius_ 88

_Bibroci_ 62, 204

_Atrebates_ 202

_Nadre_ 135

_Antona_ 193, 201

_Belgæ_ 135

_Dobuni_ 140, 197

Religious Houses.

_Vaudy_ 12

_Sempringham_ 12

_Skirbec_ 25

_Frieston_ 25

_Hagnaby_ 29

_Crowland_ 32

_Northampton_ 37

_Bicester_ 43

_Tame_ 44

_Osney_ 45

_Ruleigh_ 45

_Godstow_ 46

_Chipping Norton_ 48

_Dale_ 53

_Chester_ 59

_Reading_ 62

_Marlborough_ 63

_Hereford_ 71

_Leominster_ 72

_Ludlow_ 74

_Ramsey_ 81

_Nocton_ 88

_Kyme_ 88

_Barlings_ 88

_Bardney_ 88

_Tupholme_ 88

_Stickswold_ 88

_Kirksted_ 88

_Revesby_ 88

_Risby_ 95

_Gokewell_ 95

_Thornton_ 100

_Leicester_ 109

_Sopwell_ 117

_Feversham_ 121

_Glassenbury_ 151

_Cowic_ 158

_Exeter_ 158

_Wimburn_ 190

FOOTNOTES:

[1] The late John Ives, Jun. Esq; of Great Yarmouth, F. R. & A. S. who was possessed of these Plates, kindly lent that of Sir Henry Spelman for this Edition: the other was re-engraved before the Editor knew in whose possession they were.

[2] Cum perpetui ferè & asperrimi montes sint versus occasum.—Baxteri Glossarium, voce _Otodini_.

[3] At Hall, by Inspruck, salt-rocks, says Mr. Addison in his Italian Travels.

[4] Cæsar calls Arminius a German general, whose proper name was _Harman_, or _Herman_, which signifies in that language the General of an Army.

[5] The 6th of August, 1733, I went to meet Mr. Roger Gale coming from Peterborough. I staid at the Roman road, on that high hill, they have lately afresh plowed up some of the heath. It is surprizing to see how thick the fossil shells lay just under the surface, turned to stone; cockles, muscles, bivalves, whilks, and many more. I measured the adventitious turf grown over the Roman road: at a breach, it is almost six inches.

[6] Lolham and Torphall, two royal manors belonging to Margaret countess of Richmond, who lived at Colliweston, a great old house at Lolham, which has been moted about. At Torphall the foundation of an antient tower forty foot square.

Mr. Samuel Parker gave me, 1735, a silver Antoninus found by the Cardike on the back of Peterborough minster: the reverse, COS. III. DES. IIII. Many Roman coins found in digging in the ruins of the minster.

At Moreton upon the Cardike, much Roman coin found.

[7] _Cardike_ is British: _Cæirs_ is _palus_

[8] Oslac, ambassador from Athelwolf, king of the West Saxons, anno 851, to Bertulf, king of Mercia, witness to a charter of Bertulf’s to Croyland abbey, Ingulf, p. 490. This was done at a parliament held at Kingsbury, a manor of the kings of Mercia, near Verolanum, and near where Offa had built the monastery to St Alban. I suppose Oslac, often mentioned in charters about 966, in Ingulf and others, to be Oslac, in the time of king Edgar, partner with earl Osul in the government of Northumberland, by king Edred constituted. His hand is at king Edred’s charter to Croyland, anno 948; to that of king Edgar, in 966; and to that of king Edgar to Peterborough, 970. Roger de Hoveden, p. 243. Oslac, butler to Athelwolf, was a Goth by origin, says Rog. de Hoveden, descended from Stuf and Withgar, two earls and brothers, who received the Isle of Wight from their uncle, king Cerdie, and Cinvic his son, their cousin.

[9] Ralf, or Radinus Scalre, son to Goda, sister to king Edward: he is buried at Peterborough. Leofric, lord of Brun, was cousin to him. Earl Rodulf was son to Goda. William Malmsbury, p. 45. _b._ Earl Rolf was one of king Edward’s admirals against earl Godwin.

[10] Morcar had these manors following, in the time of Domesday book: Colstewrde (Colsterworth) Basingheham, Shillington, Cherchebi (Kirkby) Chime (Kime) Bodebi, Wellingoure, Castre, Cotes, Barewe, Stroustone, Nort Stoches, Carletune, Bredesthorp, Wes-Bitham, Bortone, Brune, and Stapleford.

Bodebi belonged of right to Crowland.

[11] Morchar, or Macher, as William Malmsbury calls him, son of Elgar, or Algar, p. 46. _b._ was made earl of Northumberland; Tostin, son of Earl Godwin, losing it for his severity: and at the end of king Edward’s life, Tostin coming out of Flanders to invade the coasts of Northumberland in a piratical manner, was repelled by the forces of Morcar, and his brother Edwin. Tostin goes into Scotland, there meets Harold Harfag, the Norwegian, with three hundred ships upon an invasion: they agree to join forces, land in Northumberland, surprise the two brothers overjoyed at their late victory, and shut them up in York city till king Harold relieved them.

Tostin, son of earl Godwin, was earl of Northumberland, and turned out, by instigation of his brother, at the end of Edward the Confessor’s life, and Morchar made earl in his stead. Morcar, and his elder brother Edwin, lived there very lovingly together, and when Harold the king was slain by William the Conqueror, offered themselves to the people, who might chuse one of them for their king. Harold and they were cousins; and they were at London at the time of the battle of Hastings: but William the Conqueror’s fortune prevailed both in getting the battle, and in getting the kingdom. Afterwards they disturbed the Conqueror by little inroads and vexations, and were sometimes taken prisoners; yet he pardoned them, and married them to his relations. At length they were slain perfidiously by their own men, and the king was much grieved at their death.

[12] Hereward married Turfrida in Flanders.

[13] The Duke of Ancaster, 1726, showed me a large brass Hadrian, but defaced, dug up in his garden, near the _tumulus_ at the end: he says more coins have been found about the stone pits in the park. That _tumulus_ perhaps was the burial-place of Grime, who denominated the place Grimsthorp, or Grime’s farm, probably some great Saxon, or Dane. I observe there are a few more _tumuli_ upon hills hereabouts, as one on the heath by Corby. I think the country hereabouts extremely fine and delightful: an excellent kind of stone is dug up in Grimsthorp park; and here and there a vein of good marble of a darkish colour: the blueish marble lies uppermost in a bed of about four foot; then a bed of twenty foot thick, of an excellent whitish stone, with reddish veins where they can cut blocks of any dimensions. Anno 1731, in digging in the court yard, they found an old brass seal, a coat of arms, two bars ermine; the epigraphe, as well as I could make it out, thus:

SEEL. DES. OBLIG[AT symbol]CIONS. DE. RCE.

[14] Later, about 1701 or 1702.

[15] At Grantford, by March, 1732, several Roman urns found.

[16] Holbech seems to have been _Holbergh_, as Wisbech _Wousbergh_.

[17] Anno 1727, at Walpole, by the side of Wisbech river, abundance of Roman aqueducts were dug up, and Roman bricks, &c. and Mr. Colburn, minister there, sent me an aqueduct.

[18] Wisbech is called _Wiseberch_, i. e. burgh, in king Wulfhere’s charter to Peterburgh. Mr. Peck’s Ant. Stanf. p. 21. Many Roman aqueducts dug up at Wisbech castle, when they built the present structure, as Mr. Beaupre Bell tells me; such as were found at Walpole, whereof I have one. William the Conqueror built a castle upon the Roman work.

[19] No less than eight canoos were found in draining Martin mere. Dr. Leigh’s _Lancaster_. A moss-deer’s skeleton found fourteen foot under ground in the fens by the river Witham, Lincolnshire. I saw part of a moss-deer’s horn at the Society in Peterborough, found in the fens there.

[20] The bed wherein Margaret lay, has since been removed to a farm-house by the fen-side, called Wrigbolt, where I have seen it. It is a very old-fashioned oak bed with panels of odd embossed work, like many we see in old country houses.

[21] Pliny says they eat ducks in Britain as a great delicacy.

[22] Radulfus de Holbech officium custod. resignat, & resumit locum focii ap. Æd. Petri Cant. 1349.

[23] Algar the Count, called the Younger, with his two stewards, Wibert and Leofric, who gave names to these three towns, Algarkirk, Wiberton, Leverton, with other warriors, obtained a great victory over the Danes, anno 870. (Chron. Joan. Abb. S. Petri de Burgo, ed. a Spark, p 15. from Ingulf) but were slain the next day. 9 Ed. I. Ranulf de Rye obtained of the king a licence for a market every week, on the Monday, at his manor of Gosberchurch, and free warren there, as at his lands at Swinflete, Quadavering, Donington, Iwardby, and Housthorp.

[24] Thoroton’s Hist. of Nott. gives part of this Pedigree, p. 174.

[25] That monument in the church-yard was probably that of St. Botulphus, who was buried in this town, and famous for miracles before and after death.

[26] The old church, built after the Danish devastation in 870, was of Turketil’s raising, who died 975. The new part of Crowland abbey was built in 1114.

[27] The names of Croyland bells are mentioned by Ingulf, p. 505. _b_. The first was made by Turketil, _Guthlac_ the greatest: the five others were made by his successor, abbot Egelric; _Bartholomew_, _Bettelin_, _Turketyl_, _Tatwin_, _Pega_ and _Bega_.

[28] The abbot of Croyland’s chair is at Mr. Dove’s seat at Upton by Peterborough, a descendant of bishop Dove’s: upon it, +BENEDICITE FONTES DN̄O+. I suppose the abbot’s name was _Fountain_.

[29] St. Guthlake’s hermitage ruins pulled down about 1720.

[30] The triangular bridge of Croyland is mentioned in the time of king Edred, anno 948. St. Guthlake’s cross, Plate XI. was set up by abbot Thurketil a little before that time.—Ingulf, p. 497. _b._

[31] Of these crosses thus Walsingham, Hist. Angl. anno 1291. Dura (rex) finibus Scotiæ, &c.

[32] Grantham and Stamford were two stages. Mr. Howgrave says there was a queen’s cross at Stanford; and the like is affirmed of Grantham, and that it stood in the open place in the London road: and I saw a stone, carved with foliage work, said to be part of it; and I believe it, seeming of that sort of work: if so, then Newark and Leicester must be left out, and they travelled with the queen’s corpse by way of Oundle to Geddington from Stanford, I suppose the present London road from Stanford being unpassable, or not having at that time royal seats, manors, or abbeys, by the way, sufficient to entertain the cavalcade. Mr. Peck, in his Stanford Antiquities, asserts Grantham and Stanford two of the stages, and where crosses were erected, no doubt, that at Grantham flood in the open London road before my neighbour Hacket’s house, called Peter-church hill; and the people have some memory of it. Mr. Peck puts in Woburn between Dunstable and St. Alban’s; upon what authority I know not.—Geddington was a manor of the king’s, V. Regist. Hon. Richmond, p. 280.—Camden in his Remains, p. 208, who doubtless had seen them, inserts Grantham and Stanford, V. p. 116.

[33] At Naseby, round the font an inscription, ΝΙΨΟΝ

[34] The Rev. Mr. Bertie of Uffington gave me 1735, several Roman coins found in this city; a very fair silver Hadrian, +IMP. CÆSAR TRAIAN HADRIANVS AVG.+ reverse, a sitting figure. +PM TRP COS. III.+