CHAPTER XIII.

ART OF HEATING, VENTILATING, COOKING, REFRIGERATING AND LIGHTING.

Prometheus and the Modern Match.--1680, Godfrey Hanckwitz Invented First Phosphorous Match.--Other Forms of Matches.-- Promethean Matches in 1820.--John Walker.--Lucifer.--Tons of Chemicals, Hundreds of Pine Trees Yearly Made into Matches.-- Splints and Machines.--Reuben Partridge.--Poririer.--Pasteboard Box.--Machines for Assorting and Dipping, Drying and Boxing.-- Cooking and Heating Stoves.--History of, from Rome to Ben Franklin.--The Old-Fashioned Fireplace.--Varieties of Coal Stoves.--Stove Fireplace.--Ventilation.--Hot Air Furnaces.-- How Heat is Distributed, Retained, and Moistened.--Hot Water Circulation.--Incubators.--Baking Ovens, the Dutch and the Modern.--Vast Number of Stove and Furnace Foundries in United States.--Ventilation.--Parliament Buildings and U. S. Capitol.-- Eminent Scientific Men who have Made Ventilation a Study.--Best Modes.--Its Great Importance.--Car Heaters.--Grass and Refuse Burning Stoves.--Oil, Vapour, and Gas Stoves, their Construction and Operation.--Sterilising.--Electric Heating and Cooking.-- Refrigeration.--Messrs. Carré of France, 1870.--Artificial Ice.--Sulphuric Acid and Ammonia Processes.--Absorption and Compression Methods Described.--Refrigerating Cars.--Liquid Air. 199