CHAPTER II--DEVELOPMENT AND SCIENCE OF THE LAW OF NATIONS

I. _Development of the Law of Nations before Grotius_

37. No Law of Nations in Antiquity 45 38. The Jews 46 39. The Greeks 49 40. The Romans 50 41. No need for a Law of Nations during the Middle Ages 53 42. The Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries 54

II. _Development of the Law of Nations after Grotius_

43. The time of Grotius 59 44. The period 1648-1721 61 45. The period 1721-1789 64 46. The period 1789-1815 64 47. The period 1815-1856 66 48. The period 1856-1874 69 49. The period 1874-1899 71 50. The Twentieth Century 74 51. Six Lessons of the History of the Law of Nations 80

III. _The Science of the Law of Nations_

52. Forerunners of Grotius 83 53. Grotius 85 54. Zouche 88 55. The Naturalists 89 56. The Positivists 90 57. The Grotians 92 58. Treatises of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 94 59. The Science of the Law of Nations in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, as represented by Treatises 98 60. Collection of Treatises 102 61. Bibliographies 103 62. Periodicals 103