Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States

PAGE Introductory statement 25 Indian slavery among the Indians practically universal 25 More extensively used among some tribes than others 25 No entire tribes held in subjecti...

Idea of slavery 48 Practiced by Indians 48 Captives of Spanish wars enslaved 48 Sanctioned by Church and State 48 Public opinion 48 Enslavement of Indians would Christianize the...

Legality 63–65 Never authorized by law in early colonial period 63 Home government not interested 63 Indirect royal action in eighteenth century 63 Authorized by colonial author...

Exact number in any colony unknown 105 Statistics rare or lacking altogether 105 Comparative numbers in different colonies 105–117 Largest number in South 105–108 Carolinas poss...

Indian wars generally confined to South 118 Wars in Virginia 119 War with Opechancanough 119 Bacon’s rebellion 119 Wars in Carolina 119–122 War with the Kussoe 119 Expeditions a...

Action of Cabot, Frobisher, Weymouth, Harlow, Hunt 154–159 Evidence of kidnapping in southern colonies meagre 159 Event of 1685 at Cape Fear, North Carolina 159–160 Action of La...

Purchase of Indians from tribes closely connected with fur trade 168 Work of the “coureurs de bois” 168 Captives obtained by South Carolina traders from the Westo, Savannah and...

Abuse of indenture or apprenticeship 196–201 Indians indentured to whites by their tribe 196 Indians sold to whites by their families 196 Indians offered as security for loans 1...

Indians in servitude at first held in status servitude 211 Status servitude followed by status slavery 211 Status servitude and status slavery existing together 211 Indian slave...

Uses of Indian slaves similar throughout colonies 242–249 Hunters 242 Fishermen 242 Guides 242 Domestic servants 243–244 Agricultural laborers 244 Craftsmen 245 Rented like othe...

Treatment the same as that accorded negroes 250 Harsh treatment not general 250 Clothing 251–252 Newspaper evidence 251–252 Marriage of whites with Indian slaves 252 Forbidden b...

Small number of Indians in English territory 283 Decrease in number of Indians 283 Decreased birth rate 285 Susceptibility to diseases of whites 285–286 Intestine wars 286 Inter...

The discussion of the use of Indians as slaves by the aborigines within the present limits of the United States, both before and after the coming of the Europeans, may be prefac...

In their attitude toward the Indians the Spaniards simply applied the theory of their time regarding slavery. The taking of slaves was then considered part of any expedition of...

In the French colonies of America, Indian slavery was never authorized by legal declaration during the early colonial period.[162] In fact, the matter received no attention what...

To arrive at any knowledge of the exact number of Indian slaves in any of the English colonies is impossible. Census reports and other vital statistics are infrequent or lacking...

Of the processes in vogue among the English for the acquisition of Indian slaves, the most productive was that of warfare.[409] With the exception of the Pequot War and King Phi...

The process of obtaining Indians by kidnapping was common to the early English explorers in America, as well as to those of Spain and France. In 1498, the expedition of Sebastia...

In all sections where captives in war or kidnapped Indians were purchased from the natives, such buying was closely connected with the fur trade. The general fickleness and inst...

It sometimes happened that the Indians sold to the whites, for a specified number of years, members of their own tribe as a punishment for some grievous offense.[676] Families s...

he feared disturbance.[694] To what extent the governor’s decree was effective would be hard to state. There certainly were Indian slaves in the colony after its publication. “A...

Though the practices connected with the institution of negro and Indian slavery in the Spanish colonies were known to the English colonists, yet at first the latter did not see...

Since the English never made long journeys of exploration into the interior, as the Spanish and French did in the earliest days of their occupation of America, their use of Indi...

The treatment of Indian slaves apparently differed in no essential degree from that of the negroes. The slaves of the two races lived and worked together; but since the negroes...

The small number of the Indians within the territory actually occupied by the English had its influence upon both the extent and the decline of Indian slavery. The Indians were...