part two spines, one on each side bending outwardly; on the top are

likewise two more, bending towards the abdomen. The peduncular scale is very large and erect, standing very high, and branching at top into two hooks, which bend in opposite directions. Abdomen round, and larger than the head; the fore part being brown, the hinder black. Legs black, the hinder ones being longest.

PLATE XXXIX.

VESPA ORIENTALIS.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 1.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Diploptera. FAMILY: Vespidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. VESPA, _Linn. &c._

VESPA ORIENTALIS. Ferruginea, abdomine fasciâ flavâ ante apicem utrinque bipunctatâ. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Vespa orientalis, _Linn. Mant._ 540. _Fabr. Syst. Piez._ 254. 4.

Vespa turcica, _Drury, App. vol._ 3.

HABITAT: Smyrna (_Drury_). "In Oriente" (_Linn._).

Front of the head yellow. Eyes brown. Antennæ the length of the thorax. Ocelli distinct. Jaws black. Tongue not to be discovered. Thorax and abdomen brown chesnut; the third and fourth rings of the latter yellow. Wings thin, but not transparent. Legs brown; the anterior with a single and the four posterior with two tibial spurs.

Drury observes of this and the next insect, that "they make nests like the mason-fly described in Vol. I. Pl. 44. Fig. 6." The correctness of this statement may however be questioned as regards both of the insects in question, which, from their evident relationship to the common English hornet (Vespa Crabro Linn.) must surely possess similar habits to those of that insect.

{83}SCOLIA 4-MACULATA.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 2.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Scoliidæ.

GENUS. SCOLIA, _Fabr. Latr._ Sphex, _Linn._ Vespa, _Drury_.

SCOLIA 4-MACULATA. Hirta, nigra, fusco-pubescens, abdomine nigro maculis quatuor fulvis, alis obscuris. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.)

SYN. Scolia 4-maculata, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 229. 4. _Syst. Piez._ 240. 5.

Vespa maculata, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Jamaica (_Drury_). North America (_Fabr._).

Head brown. Antennæ the length of the thorax, which is also brown. Wings nearly transparent. Abdomen black, with four yellow spots placed on the upper side. Legs brown.

I have employed the Fabrician specific name in preference to that precedently employed by Drury, as being more appropriate, there being other species of the genus named 6-maculata and 2-maculata.

BOMBYLIUS PLUMIPES.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 3.

ORDER: Diptera. SECTION: Tanystoma. FAMILY: Bombyliidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. BOMBYLIUS, _Linn. &c._

BOMBYLIUS PLUMIPES. Flavido hirtus, alarum basi costâque brunneis, tarsis posticis basi lobatis. (Long. Corp. 5½ lin.)

SYN. Bombylius plumipes, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. _Wiedemann Auss. Zw. Ins._ 1. 351.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

Head brown; and from the mouth extends a very slender proboscis, through which the insect obtains its food; being almost as long as the whole body. Antennæ short, and like hairs. Wings transparent, but along the anterior edges brown. Legs long, the hinder ones furnished at the base of the tarsi with two remarkable flaps.

PEPSIS COERULEANA.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 4.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Pompilidæ.

GENUS. PEPSIS, _Fabr. Latr._ Sphex, _Linn. Drury_.

PEPSIS COERULEANA. Nigra, alis coerulescenti-nitidis, pedibus aurantiis. (Long. Corp. lin. 12.)

SYN. Sphex coeruleana, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bight of Benin, Coast of Africa.

Head, antennæ, and eyes black. Ocelli distinct. It is tongueless, with four palpi. Jaws strong. Wings fine deep mazarine blue, not folded, but lying flat. Thorax and abdomen black. Legs orange-coloured; the fore ones being furnished with a single tibial spur, the rest having two that are rather long.

{84}This insect, according to Mr. Smeathman, makes a clicking noise when it flies, like a rocket, which may be heard at twenty yards distance. It is a very strong and rapacious insect, and is often seen flying from bush to bush with a grasshopper in its claws at least twice its own size, and which is evidently destined to be deposited in its nest, and to become the food of the future progeny of the Pepsis.

"There is a species like this found in the West Indies, with orange antennæ and black legs; also another that is entirely black."--_Drury._

MANTIS (THESPIS) PARVA.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 5.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Mantidæ.

GENUS. MANTIS, _Linn._ SUBGENUS: Thespis, _Serville_.

MANTIS (THESPIS) PARVA. Pallidè olivaceo-fusca, prothorace longo cylindrico, pedibus gracilibus simplicibus. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 4½ lin.)

SYN. Mantis parva, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. _Oliv. Encycl. No._ 48. _Serville Revis. Orthopt. p._ 28. (Thespis p.)

Mantis minuta, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 24.?

HABITAT: America.

When this insect was living it was probably of a light green colour; but it is now entirely of a dusky olive. Head small. Eyes round, and placed at a distance from each other. Antennæ small, and thread-like, and about half the length of the insect. Thorax long and slender. Tegmina thin, narrow, and diaphanous, of the same length with the wings; but narrower, and placed at a little distance from them. Wings also thin and diaphanous, and when closed extending to the anus. Abdomen slender and rounded. Legs small and long, the hinder ones being formed rather for running than jumping; the fore ones having thread-like tarsi.

PEPSIS RUBRA.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 6.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Pompilidæ.

GENUS. PEPSIS, _Fabr. Latr._ Sphex, _Linn. Drury_.

PEPSIS RUBRA. Corpore pedibusque nigro cyaneis, antennis nigris, alis rufis apice albis. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.)

SYN. Sphex rubra, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

Pepsis Speciosa, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 217. 83. _Syst. Piez._ 215. 45. _Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Hym. Pl._ 2. _f._ 5.

HABITAT: Antigua (_Drury_). Saint Domingo (_Pal. Beauv._).

Head and antennæ black; it has four palpi, no tongue, but strong jaws. Ocelli distinct. Thorax, abdomen, and all the legs deep mazarine blue, nearly black. Wings red; the tips being transparent. Legs furnished with spines at the tips of the tibiæ; the fore ones having only one, all the rest two.

Fabricius (Syst. Piez. 214. 33.) refers this figure to the Sphex coerulea of Linnæus, which differs in having the wings ferruginous but black at the base ("basi nigræ," Linn.) and {85}white at the tips, and in the antennæ, being ferruginous at the tips. It is to be observed that Linnæus has described two species under the name of Sphex coerulea, the first belonging to the genus Pelopæus, and being the Sphex cyanea of Fabricius; and the second, above noticed, and being the auripennis of De Geer, which latter name, in order to prevent all confusion arising from the employment of the name of coerulea, it would be desirable to adopt.

PELOPÆUS PETIOLATUS.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 7.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Sphegidæ.

GENUS. PELOPÆUS, _Latr. Fabr._ Sphex, _Drury_.

PELOPÆUS PETIOLATUS. Fuscus, thorace abdomineque nitidis brunneis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc.)

SYN. Sphex petiolatus, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

Head and antennæ brown. Thorax and abdomen shining dark brown, and separated by a rather long peduncle. Wings brown and thin. Legs also brown; the fore ones having a single tibial spur, the rest having two.

SPHEX PENSYLVANICA.

Plate XXXIX. fig. 8.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Sphegidæ.

GENUS. SPHEX, _Linn. Latr. &c._ Pepsis, _Fabr. Pal. Beauv._

SPHEX PENSYLVANICA. Nigra, abdomine petiolato atro, alis subviolaceis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Sphex Pensylvanica, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 941. _Fabr. Syst. Piez._ 211. 15. (Pepsis v.) _Paul. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Hym. pl._ 3 _fig._ 4.

Sphex coerulea, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. (nec _Linn. Syst. N._)

HABITAT: New York.

Head and antennæ black. Ocelli distinct. Mouth furnished with jaws, but no tongue to be discerned. Thorax and abdomen dark mazarine blue, almost black; the former is hairy, and separated from the latter by a slender peduncle. Wings brown and thin. Legs dark blue; the fore ones with a single tibial spur, all the rest having two.

PLATE XL.

TRUXALIS BRASILIENSIS.

Plate XL. fig. 1.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Locustidæ.

GENUS. TRUXALIS, _Fabr._ Gryllus P. _Drury_.

TRUXALIS BRASILIENSIS. Elytris pallide fulvescentibus, vittâ longitudinali mediâ virescenti, nigro irregulariter marginatâ, alis hyalinis dimidio anali roseo. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus brasiliensis, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Rio Janeiro, Brazil.

{86}Head long, conical; the mouth seeming placed in the breast. Eyes oblong, situated at the upper part near the extremity of the head; there is also an ocellus placed between them on the under side, which is observable in all those whose heads are shaped like this. Antennæ as long as the head, and shaped like a three-edged sword. Thorax striped with green, brown, and white. Abdomen light brown, and streaked with black at top, but on the sides white. Tegmina light sand-coloured; having in the middle a narrow longitudinal line, indented with green and black. Wings transparent, and prettily dappled; being of a beautiful red colour next the body, which becomes fainter as it approaches the disk of the wings. Hind legs long, and formed for leaping; the others are short. Tibiæ furnished with sharp spines.

Fabricius refers this figure to the Truxalis nasutus Linn. which is found in Africa, and Mr. Smeathman also informed Mr. Drury that the species here figured is found in Africa, in the savannahs, and that its flight is very rapid. I have considered them on the contrary as specifically distinct.

PHLOEA CORTICATA.

Plate XL. fig. 2.

ORDER: Hemiptera. SUBORDER: Heteroptera. SECTION: Geocorisa. FAMILY: Longilabres, _Latr._ Scutati, _Burm._

GENUS. PHLOEA, _St. Farg. & Serv., Lap._ Cimex, _Drury_. Phloeocoris, _Burmeister_.

PHLOEA CORTICATA. Supra grisea, tuberculis multis rufo-fuscis subnitidis adspersa, subtus nigra appendiculis marginalibus griseis, laciniis capitis convergentibus. (Long. Corp. 11 lin.)

SYN. Cimex corticatus, _Drury, App. vol._ 2. _Laporte Hemipt. p._ 56. (Phloea c.) _Burmeister Rh._ 2. 371. 1. (Phloeocoris c.) _Guérin Icon. R. An. Ins._ 55. _f._ 5.

Phloea cassidoides, _St. F. & Serv. Enc. Méth._ 10. _p._ 111.

Aradus laminatus, _Kirby & Spence Introd. to Ent._ 3. 617. & 718.

HABITAT: Brazil.

Body exceedingly thin and flat in proportion to its breadth. Head triangular. Antennæ about one-fourth the length of the insect; the extremities being a little thicker than the other parts. Eyes small and round. Rostrum extending to the middle of the abdomen. All the parts exhibited in the plate are of a sandy olive colour, and serve as a shield or covering to the thorax, abdomen, legs, &c. which are hid beneath it. Scutellum large and triangular. Hemelytra entirely opaque and small, not covering the abdomen by a considerable space. Wings membranous. Legs smooth and dappled.

SCOLIA FLAVIFRONS?

Plate XL. fig. 3.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Fossores. FAMILY: Scoliidæ.

GENUS. SCOLIA, _Fabr. Latr. &c._

SCOLIA FLAVIFRONS? Atra, fronte flavâ, abdomine maculis quatuor flavis. (Long. Corp. fere 2 unc.)

SYN. Scolia flavifrons, _Fabr. Syst. Piez._ 229. _No._ 5.

Sphex maculata, _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Coast of the Morea.

{87}Head brown orange-coloured. Eyes oblong and dark brown. Antennæ thickest towards their extremities. Ocelli distinct. Mouth black, furnished with two jaws, but having neither tongue nor palpi. Thorax black, with a brown orange spot on the top, and two others next the head. Abdomen black and hairy; the second and third segments having two orange spots on them; the fourth, fifth, and sixth being ringed with orange. Under side black, with some orange hairs near the anus. Wings plain and flat, not folded, of a yellowish colour, and almost diaphanous. Legs black and hairy. Tarsi and articulations furnished with strong hairs and spines, which entirely surround them.

PELECINUS POLITURATOR.

Plate XL. fig. 4.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Pupivora. FAMILY: Evaniidæ?

GENUS. PELECINUS, _Fabr. Latr._ Ichneumon, _Drury_.

PELECINUS POLITURATOR. Niger, antennis annulo medio albo, tibiis posticis sericeo-dilatatis. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Ichneumon Polyturator (errore pro politurator), _Drury, App. vol._ 2.

Pelecinus Polycerator, _Fabr. Syst. Piez._ 111. 1. _Say American Entomology, vol._ 1. _pl._ XV.

HABITAT: Jamaica (_Drury_). "Not uncommon in various parts of the United States" (_Say_). India (_Fabricius_, incorrectly).

Head small and black. Eyes oblong and dark brown. Antennæ black and filiform, having two yellow spots on them near their extremities. Ocelli distinct. Mouth with two jaws, but no tongue, and furnished with four palpi, two of which are long, slender, and filiform; the others are very short. Thorax black like pitch, and shining, as if finely polished; as is every part of the insect. Abdomen exceeding long and black, consisting of six articulations; the last being very short and pointed. Legs small and black; the hinder tibiæ being remarkably thick and strong in proportion to the other parts.

The late lamented Mr. Say, who may justly be regarded as the Linnæus of America, says of this truly singular insect, that its flight is slow and awkward, and when taken it endeavours to force the point of the abdomen through the skin of the hand, but its strength is not adequate to the task. The whole abdomen resembles a much elongated pedicle, from which the abdomen itself, or dilated portion, has been accidentally removed.

PLATE XLI.

LOCUSTA OBSCURA.

Plate XLI. fig. 1.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. _Family_: Locustidæ.

GENUS. LOCUSTA. Gryllus (Locusta) _Linn._ Gryllus, _Fabr._ SUBGENUS: Locusta proper. Oedipoda, _Serv._

LOCUSTA OBSCURA. Thorace lævi; elytris fuscis; alis disco rubro, fasciâ nigrâ, apice hyalinâ. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus obscurus, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 701. 50. _De Geer Ins._ 3. 492. 8. _t._ 41. _f._ 4. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 58. 47.

HABITAT: Cape Coast, Africa.

{88}Antennæ brown and filiform, the length of the thorax. Head clay-coloured, rounded. Thorax smooth, brown, and angulated. Tegmina clay-coloured. Wings next the body red, and surrounded with a broad black bar running up to the anterior edge, the tips being transparent. Legs clay-coloured. Hinder femora broad, and prettily chequered on the outside, the inside being black. Posterior tibiæ red and spined.

GRYLLUS (PHYLLOPTERUS) MYRTIFOLIUS.

Plate XLI. fig. 2.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Gryllidæ (Locustaires, _Latr. &c._)

GENUS. GRYLLUS. Sect. Gryllus (Tettigonia), _Linn._ Locusta, _Latr._ SUBGENUS. Phylloptera, _Serv._

GRYLLUS (PHYLLOPTERUS) MYRTIFOLIUS. Thorace subtetragono, lævi; alis deflexis elytris longioribus, oviductu brevissimo recurvo. (Expans. tegm. 1 unc. 6 lin. Alar. 2 unc.)

SYN. Gryllus Myrtifolius, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 696. 18. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. _p._ 34. _De Geer Mem. vol._ 2. _pl._ 41. _f._ 2. _Stoll. Sauter. pl._ a. 5. _fig._ 16. _Serville Revis. Orth. p._ 45.

HABITAT: New York (_Drury_). America (_Fabr. &c._).

Antennæ small and filiform. Head dusky yellow. Thorax and abdomen brown, but when the insect was living were probably green; the former has a yellow stripe on each side. Tegmina green, and narrowing towards the tips. Wings thin, transparent, and of a greenish hue. Legs green; the hinder ones being very long, with the tibiæ spined.

LOCUSTA (RUTIDODERES) CENTURIO.

Plate XLI. fig. 3.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Gryllidæ (Locustaires, _Latr. &c._)

GENUS. LOCUSTA. Gryllus (Locusta), _Linn._ Acrydium, _Latr._ SUBGENUS: Rutidoderes, _Westw._

LOCUSTA (RUTIDODERES) CENTURIO. Pallidè olivaceo-fulvescens, elytris nigro numerosè punctatis, alis sanguineis margine nigro et interno nigro tesselatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus Centurio, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: The Bay of Honduras, America.

Head dusky olive brown. Antennæ yellow, the tips black. Eyes red brown. Thorax olive brown, having a sharp indented ridge on the top, and one on each side; that on the top being black. Abdomen dark brown. Tegmina pale olive, spotted all over with darker spots of various shapes. Wings scarlet; the edges, except the abdominal, black; which, at the tips, and along the external edges, forms a kind of lattice work, breaking in upon the black division. Legs yellowish brown, the hinder tibiæ being spinose; tarsi with a cup-like pulvillus between the claws.

Gryllus reticulatus (Fabr. sp. Ins. 1. p. 362. No. 7.) figured by Donovan in his Insects of India, Pl. 12. Fig. 1., and said to be from Bengal, is very closely allied to, if indeed it be not identical with, the species here figured.

{89}LOCUSTA (PHYMATEA) PUNCTATA.

Plate XLI. fig. 4.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Gryllidæ (Locustaires, _Latr. &c._)

GENUS. LOCUSTA. Gryllus (Locusta), _Linn._ Acrydium, _Latr._ SUBGENUS: Phymateus, _Thunberg_.

LOCUSTA (PHYMATEA) PUNCTATA. Thorace verrucoso atro, elytris atris flavo punctatis, alis atris, abdomine rufo annulato. (Long. Corp. cum alis claus. 2 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus punctatus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 51. 19. _Thunberg Mem. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb. p._ 258. _Stoll. Sauter. pl._ 7. b. _f._ 24. A. _Donovan Ins. India_, _pl._ 12. _fig._ 2.

HABITAT: East India.

Antennæ black, and longer than the thorax. Eyes small, round, and red brown. Head black at top, the middle being yellow; the lower part, with the mouth, black. Thorax rough and margined, full of spines and tubercles, both at top and on the sides; the former being black, the latter yellow. Breast black. Abdomen the same, ringed with red. Tegmina black, prettily spotted with yellow; the spots next the tips being smallest. Wings entirely black. Anus red. Legs black; the hinder thighs being marked on the outside with yellow.

PLATE XLII.

LOCUSTA COERULEA.

Plate XLII. fig. 1.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Locustidæ.

GENUS. LOCUSTA. Acrydium, _Latr._ Oedipoda, _Serv._

LOCUSTA COERULEA. Obscurè viridis, alis posticis hyalinis coeruleis, angulo externo nigro, femoribus medio flavis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus coeruleus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Calabar, Western Coast of Africa, 6° North L.

Head dark dirty green. Antennæ ----? Thorax dirty green and smooth, without any tubercles. Tegmina dark green, and opake. Wings thin and blue; the tips being much darker. Abdomen dark green. Legs the same, the hinder femora striped on the outside with yellow and light green, but on the inside entirely yellow; the tips being black.

LOCUSTA (RUTIDODERES) MILES.

Plate XLII. fig. 2.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Gryllidæ (Locustaires), _Latr. &c._

GENUS. LOCUSTA. Gryllus (Locusta), _Linn. &c._ Acrydium, _Latr._ SUBGENUS: Rutidoderes, _Westw._

LOCUSTA (RUTIDODERES) MILES. Fusca, capitis lineis duabus marginalibus margineque postico thoracis flavis, elytris brunneis, alis nigris maculis duabus magnis sanguineis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus Miles, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bay of Honduras, America.

Head green. Face striped on each side with yellow. Antennæ black. Thorax dark green; posterior edges yellow. Abdomen black, but when the insect was living, probably green. Tegmina entirely red brown. Wings black, with a scarlet patch near the tips, running from the anterior almost {90}to the posterior edges; another considerable part of the wings is likewise scarlet, running from the body to the middle, and from thence to the abdominal corners; the posterior and anterior edges being black. Legs dark green, almost black, and variously spotted with yellow: the fore and middle ones having a spot on each femur and tibia, the hinder ones having three on each femur, and two on each tibia.

GRYLLUS (GRYLLACRIS) TESSELATUS.

Plate XLII. fig. 3.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Gryllidæ.

GENUS. GRYLLUS (Locusta), _Latreille_. SUBGENUS: Gryllacris, _Serville_.

GRYLLUS (GRYLLACRIS) TESSELATUS. Fusco-fulvescens, alis diaphanis nigro undique tesselatis. (Expans. elytr. 2 unc. 6 lin. Alar. 3 unc.)

SYN. Gryllus tesselatus, _Drury_, _App. vol_. 2.

Gryllacris maculicollis [male]? _Serville Revis. Orthopt. p_. 42.

HABITAT: Island of Johanna, near Madagascar.

General colour brownish yellow. Head smooth. Eyes rather prominent and dark brown, with a whitish streak between them. Antennæ the length of the insect. Mouth furnished with four palpi, knobbed at the extremities. Thorax margined, and a little indented. Scutellum, which is not seen when the wings are closed, whiteish and triangular. Tegmina thin, and full of tendons. Wings nearly diaphanous, and prettily speckled with cross marks in a zigzag manner. Legs strong; the hinder ones formed for leaping. Tibiæ armed with spines, pointing downwards; those on the hinder ones being shortest. Abdomen very singularly formed, the last segment terminating in a kind of horny beak which curls inwards, but widens and expands at the extremity, so as to appear like a knob or club; and close above it, but on the upper part of the abdomen, are four filaments about the size of the antennæ; two of them being longer than the other, extending to the very extremity of this part. (See Fig. IV.)

The antennæ in this subgenus are of very great length, being many times longer than the whole body. The specimen, therefore, figured by Drury was evidently mutilated in these organs.

PLATE XLIII.

ACHETA (SCHIZODACTYLA) MONSTROSA.

Plate XLIII. fig. 1.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Achetidæ.

GENUS. ACHETA, _Fabr._ Gryllus, _Latr._ SUBGENUS: Schizodactylus, _Brullé_.

ACHETA (SCHIZODACTYLA) MONSTROSA. Elytris alisque caudatis convolutis, corpore luteo-fusco punctis nigris. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus monstrosus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 29. 2. (Acheta m.)

Schizodactylus monstrosus, _Aud. & Brullé Hist. Nat. Ins. tom_. ix. _s. g._ 24. _Donovan Ins. India_, _pl._ 12. _fig._ 3.

HABITAT: India (_Fabricius_).

Antennæ considerably longer than the body, filiform. Mouth furnished with strong jaws, and four palpi; two of which are very long. General colour dusky olive brown. Wings and tegmina extending {91}as far beyond the body as its own length, and curling in a most singular manner, being very curiously folded together. Body with two short tails placed at its extremity. Legs longer than usual with insects of this kind; each of the thighs being furnished with spines, and also the tips of the tibiæ. Tarsi four-pointed, besides the claws; those of the fore and middle legs having on each side two small appendages like flaps. Hinder tarsi furnished on each side with five of these flaps, some of which appear moveable, others fixed, as represented in the plate.

ACHETA MEMBRANACEA.

Plate XLIII. fig. 2.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Achetidæ.

GENUS. ACHETA, _Fabr._ Gryllus Acheta, _Linn._ Gryllus, _Latr._

ACHETA MEMBRANACEA. Luteo-fusca, pronoti annulis duobus nigris, alis corpore longioribus, tarsis posticis quinque spinosis. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus membranaceus, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bay of Honduras, Musquito Shore.

Antennæ long, filiform. General colour yellowish brown. Thorax with two rings, almost black. Wings extending beyond their cases, terminating in two tails that are folded; each representing a two-edged sword. Abdomen furnished with two bristles. At the tips of the hinder tibiæ are placed five spines, one being quite small; the middle ones have four, that are small; and the fore ones one.

From the information furnished to Mr. Drury by Mr. Smeathman we learn that the children in Africa are, at the proper season, very busily employed digging out of the ground the females, when full of eggs, of a species exactly the size and form of this, on which they make an agreeable repast, roasting generally the whole animal, but eating only the eggs, which are contained in a bag, and resemble part of the roe of a large fish, deeming it very delicate food. These, like the European crickets, make a continual and noisy chirping all day long; and the open parts of the country are never without this music, which ceases neither night nor day. Some sing only in the day, others only in the night, and others again are never silent. Of those which sing only in the night, one small species, about the size of the Gryllus Campestris of Linnæus, sallies out of its retreat early in the evening, making so loud and shrill a chirping that it may he said to pierce the ear; and, as certainly as it sings within doors, it silences a whole company. It fills a large room so completely with its note, which is something like the sound caused by rubbing a tobacco-pipe round the edge of a wine-glass, that those unaccustomed to it cannot tell how to direct their search after it. When they are looking for it, the noise will sometimes cease for half a minute, and begin again, when the searchers will be as much at a loss as ever. The black people, however, who have perhaps the most accurate ears in the world, readily find them, and generally without mercy put an end to their lives and their notes together. Different species sing their wild notes among the distant banks, and are heard in the rivers through the mangroves, though those trees often form a thick wood between the navigable {92}parts of the river and the dry land of a quarter or half a mile deep. The mountains and the woods also echo with them all the night long, and the full concert is very distinctly heard on board the ships, during a calm night, as they lie at their usual anchorages in the bays and creeks on the sea coasts.

PLATE XLIV.

LOCUSTA (RUTIDODERES) DUX.

Plate XLIV.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Saltatoria. FAMILY: Gryllidæ (Locustaires, _Latr. &c._)

GENUS. LOCUSTA. Gryllus (Locusta), _Linn._ Acrydium, _Latr._ SUBGENUS: Rutidoderes, _Westw._

LOCUSTA (RUTIDODERES) DUX. Thorace carinato scabro; elytris viridibus, alis rufis fusco-maculatis. (Expans. 7 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Gryllus dux, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Oliv. Encycl. Méth. No._ 4. (Acrydium D.) _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 47. 4. _Serville Revis. Orthopt._ 92.

HABITAT: Bay of Honduras (_Drury_). Brazil (_Serville_).

Head dusky yellowish olive. Eyes prominent. Antennæ black, and of equal thickness throughout; consisting of twenty-seven articulations, being a little longer than the thorax, which is of a dusky olive, and ending upwards in a sharp ridge, which is dentated and uneven. Tegmina dusky green, with a great many faint dark spots on them. Wings red, and edged with black; having a great number of dark spots on them of different shapes and sizes, many of which appear like beards of arrows. Abdomen large and green. Thighs reddish brown, chequered with white. Legs the same, the spines being black.

PLATE XLV.

LIBELLULA LUCIA.

Plate XLV. fig. 1.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA LUCIA. Thorace olivaceo lineis duabus lateralibus apiceque flavis, alis hyalino-subflavis, strigâ subcostali maculâque versus basin fasciâque triangulari mediâ fuscis, stigmate albo, nigro terminato. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.)

SYN. Libellula Lucia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Libellula variegata, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 382. 40. (nec _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 904. 18. ex Indiis.) _Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Neur. pl._ 2. _fig._ 4.

HABITAT: Sierra Leone.

Front of the head green. Eyes contiguous. Thorax dark green; being striped obliquely on the sides with two yellow streaks, and another on the top. Abdomen yellowish green, with two dark stripes running longitudinally on the sides. Legs dark green. Wings transparent, with a slender white streak near the tips of each, and a small black spot joining thereto, which are placed on the anterior edges; from the small edges, near the middle of each wing, a small dark cloud arises that crosses the wings, those of the superior running lowest. Near the body another small cloud is placed, being largest and strongest in the superior wings; the fore part of which is embellished with two slender black streaks running parallel, and near to the anterior edges.

{93}AGRION CAIA.

Plate XLV. fig. 2.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_. SUBFAMILY: Agrionides.

GENUS. AGRION, _Fabr._ Calepteryx, _Leach_. Libellula p. _Drury_.

AGRION CAIA. Cuprea, abdomine nigro, alis hyalinis basi sanguineis, posticis etiam maculâ parvâ apicali sanguineâ. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Caia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: South America.

Front of the head blueish black. Eyes distant. Thorax copper gold-coloured. Abdomen black and slender. Legs black. Wings transparent, but next the body are of a fine lively red; the posterior having a small spot of that colour placed at their tips.

This insect is nearly allied to Agrion Brightwelli, Kirby (Linn. Trans. vol. 14. t. 3. fig. 5.) which is also an inhabitant of Brazil.

LIBELLULA MARCIA.

Plate XLV. fig. 3.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA MARCIA. Coerulea aut ænea nitida, alis albido-flavis, anticis maculis duabus apiceque fuscis, posticis strigis duabus basalibus, fasciâ undatâ anali, maculis tribus apiceque fuscis, basi flavis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Marcia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Libellula Murcia, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 376. 11.

HABITAT: The Island of Johanna, near Madagascar.

Head black. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen dark blue, but now much faded. Wings transparent and of a yellowish hue, with a small dusky cloud on each tip. The anterior having two small brown spots (almost black) on each; one at the middle of the anterior edge, the other near the body. Posterior wings broad and deep; the anterior edges next the body being finely ornamented with dark brown spots and clouds, that extend along that part for about half an inch: two small dusky spots are placed near the centre of each; and at the abdominal corners is a long waved spot of a fine dark brown, extending along the posterior edges; the space between it and the anterior edges being of a deeper yellow than the other parts of the wings.

LIBELLULA DOMITIA.

Plate XLV. fig. 4.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA DOMITIA. Luteo-rufescens, abdomine maculis dorsalibus flavis, alis fulvis stigmate nigricanti. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Domitia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Jamaica.

{94}Front of the head yellow. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen pale reddish brown; the former striped obliquely with green on its sides, the latter spotted with yellow on the top. Legs dusky yellowish green. Wings brownish yellow, with a small dark streak (almost black) placed on the anterior edges of each, near the tips.

AGRION TITIA.

Plate XLV. fig. 5.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_. SUBFAMILY: Agrionides.

GENUS. AGRION, _Fabr._ Calepteryx, _Leach._ Libellula p. _Drury_.

AGRION TITIA. Atra; dimidio basali alarum anticarum fusco, plagâ magnâ internâ sanguineâ, apice fusco; posticis fuscis maculâ hyalinâ subapicali. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Titia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bay of Honduras.

Head, thorax, and abdomen black. Eyes distant. Legs black. Anterior wings next the body red; which is surrounded, except on the posterior edges, with dark brown, occupying half the wings; the other half is transparent, with a dusky spot at the tips. When the insect is placed on a dark ground, the transparent parts of the wings appear to be surrounded with a small narrow edging of a grey colour. Posterior wings dark brown, with a transparent spot on each, situated about an eighth of an inch from the tips.

PLATE XLVI.

LIBELLULA VARIEGATA.

Plate XLVI. fig. 1.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Linn. &c._

LIBELLULA VARIEGATA. Alis flavis fusco maculatis et undulatis, posticis versus apicem maculâ magnâ fuscâ, puncto flavo; apice albo. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.)

SYN. Libellula variegata, _Linn. Am. Acad._ 6. 412. 86. _Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 904. 18.

Libellula Histrio, _Fabr. Mant. Ins._ 1. 337. 24. 10.

Libellula Indica, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 376. _Guérin Icon. R. An. Ins. pl._ 60. _fig._ 1.

Libellula Arria, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: China, India.

Front of the head black. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen black. Anterior wings transparent for about two-fifths next the extremities, having a small black streak on the anterior edges near the tips; the remaining part of these wings dark yellow, with a broad, irregular, dark brown bar crossing the middle, and a spot of the same colour placed between that and the body. Posterior wings very deep, and of the same dark yellow with the anterior, except the tips, which are transparent; and joining thereto is a large dark brown patch, with an oval yellow spot near its centre: an irregular, waved, dark brown bar runs along the posterior edges, beginning at the abdominal corners and ending about the middle of the wings: another waved bar runs along the anterior edges, beginning at the body and ending also at the middle of the wings; the extremities of the two bars nearly meeting, or joining together.

{95}LIBELLULA FULVIA.

Plate XLVI. fig. 2.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Linn. &c._

LIBELLULA FULVIA. Luteo-testacea; alis fulvescentibus strigâ subcostali basali fuscâ stigmateque fusco. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 4½ lin.)

SYN. Libellula Fulvia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: China.

Front of the head dark yellow. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen tawny orange, the former being of a pale clay colour underneath. Wings dark tawny orange; and on the anterior edges of each, next the body, runs a narrow dark brown streak, about half an inch long: on the same edges also, near the tips, is another small streak, appearing of a dark brown colour when the insect is placed on a white ground, but when placed on a dark one is of a light clay colour: the posterior edges, next the abdominal corners, are also dark brown.

LIBELLULA TULLIA.

Plate XLVI. fig. 3.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA TULLIA. Coeruleo-nigra, alarum dimidio basali fusco, apice cinerascenti-hyalino stigmate nigro. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Tullia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bombay.

Head black. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen black; but when the insect was living, were probably mazarine blue. About three-fifths of the wings, next the body, are of a very dark brown; the remainder being grey, almost transparent, with a small streak on the anterior edges of each, near the tips.

LESTES PAULINA.

Plate XLVI. fig. 4.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_. SUBFAMILY: Agrionides.

GENUS. LESTES, _Leach_. Libellula p. _Drury_.

LESTES PAULINA. Thorace griseo, lineis nigris, abdomine nigro griseo annulato; alis hyalinis apice fuscis, stigmate nigro. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Paulina, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: Bay of Honduras.

Head black. Eyes distant. Antennæ very short and thick. Thorax grey, and striped obliquely on the sides with black. Abdomen black, long, and slender; each articulation being grey. Legs grey, being striped at top with black. Wings transparent, except at the tips, where they are of a very dark brown; having a small black spot placed on the anterior edges of each near their extremities.

{96}PLATE XLVII.

LIBELLULA AXILENA.

Plate XLVII. fig. 1.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA AXILENA. Capite maculis 5 albis, thoracis dorso lateribusque virescentibus, abdominè luteo dorso fusco; alis albis hyalinis strigâ parvâ subcostali basali, margineque tenui (pone medium) nigris stigmate albo. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Lydia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (nec _vol._ 1. _pl._ 47. _fig._ 1.)

HABITAT: Virginia.

Mouth white. Eyes contiguous. Antennæ short and small, but distinct and plain when viewed through a microscope. On the back part of the head are situated five white spots. Thorax golden brown at top, the sides being of a pale green. Abdomen black at top, the sides being of a tawny orange; beneath pale green. Wings transparent; each having a very narrow dark brown border, beginning at the middle of the anterior edges and running round the tops, where it ends: a very narrow black streak also is placed near these edges, close to the body, from whence it seems to issue, being about a quarter of an inch in length.

Our author having inadvertently applied the same name to this handsome species which he had given to that figured in vol. 1. pl. 47. fig. 1, I have been compelled to give this a new specific denomination.

LIBELLULA EPONINA.

Plate XLVII. fig. 2.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA EPONINA. Alis flavescentibus fasciis subtribus nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Eponina, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Syst. Ent._ 2. 382. _No._ 39.

HABITAT: Boston, New England (_Drury_). Carolina (_Fabr._).

Mouth white. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen dark brown, the latter being clouded with black. Wings of a yellowish hue, each having two dark brown bars crossing them, one a little distance from the tips, the other near the middle of the wing; between the latter and the body is placed a dark brown spot with a streak above it, those on the inferior wings being largest and most distinct.

LIBELLULA PORTIA.

Plate XLVII. fig. 3.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA PORTIA. Coerulescenti-nigra, alarum dimidio antico fusco-coerulescenti nitido, postice bi-emarginato. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Libellula Portia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Libellula marginata, _Pal. Beauv. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Neur. pl._ 2. _fig._ 5. _Fabr. Ent Syst._ ii. _p._ 380.

HABITAT: Sierra Leone.

{97}Head black. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen blue. Wings partly dark brown (almost black) and transparent, the anterior edges from the body to the tips being dark brown, and the posterior edges transparent. Posterior wings longest, a circumstance observable only in those whose wings next the body are broad and deep.

LIBELLULA SOPHRONIA.

Plate XLVII. fig. 4.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. LIBELLULA, _Auct._

LIBELLULA SOPHRONIA. Fusca-rufescens, alis fulvescentibus apice hyalinis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 7½ lin.)

SYN. Libellula Sophronia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

HABITAT: China.

Head pale clay-coloured. Eyes contiguous. Thorax and abdomen dark brown, the former being of a pale clay colour underneath. Wings finely reticulated, and of a brownish yellow, with a transparent spot at the tips; a small narrow black streak is also placed near the anterior edges of each, appearing to issue from the body, being about half an inch in length.

PLATE XLVIII.

LESTES LUCRETIA.

Plate XLVIII. fig. 1.

ORDER: Neuroptera. SECTION: Subulicornes. FAMILY: Libellulidæ, _Leach_. SUBFAMILY: Agrionides.

GENUS. LESTES, _Leach_. Libellula p. _Drury, &c._

LESTES LUCRETIA. Thorace fusco vittis pallidis, abdomine coeruleo longissimo; alis reticulatis nubilâ apicali. (Long. Corp. 6 unc. Expans. Alar. 5 unc.)

SYN. Libellula Lucretia, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Agrion linearis, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 388. 5. _Sulzer Hist. Ins. t._ 24. _fig._ 1.

HABITAT: Cape of Good Hope, _Dr. Fothergill_ (_Drury_). India, _Dr. Fothergill_ (_Fabricius_).

Eyes very large and globular, projecting as it were from the head, and placed at a distance from each other. Antennæ rather long and distinct, resembling a small fibre issuing from a thick stalk. Ocelli distinct. Thorax probably dark blue when the insect was living, but being now faded, and appearing of a dead black, it is also striped with white on the sides. Wings reticulated and transparent, the superior being tipped with white, and the inferior having a small black streak on the anterior edges, near the tips. Abdomen uncommonly long, being five inches and a half, and of a dark shining mazarine blue. Legs remarkably short for the size of the insect.

"In the 4th volume of Seba's Museum, Tab. 68, are two figures somewhat like this (being the only ones I ever saw in any author) but are entirely different; the extremities of all the wings being tipped with black, and the bodies consisting of many more articulations than this; the eyes also are not so large and globular, and the feet are shorter."--_Drury._

{98}XYLOCOPA LATIPES.

Plate XLVIII. fig. 2.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Mellifera. FAMILY: Apidæ.

GENUS. XYLOCOPA, _Fabr._ Apis, _Drury, Linn._

APIS LATIPES. Hirsuta atra, tarsis anticis explanatis flavis, intus ciliatis. (Magn. Bomb. terrestr. major.)

SYN. Apis latipes, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 314. 1. _Syst. Piez._ 337. 1.

HABITAT: The Island of Johanna, near Madagascar (_Drury_). China (_Fabr._).

Eyes large, having the ocelli placed between them, just above the antennæ. Antennæ jointed in the middle, i.e. at the end of the long basal joint, which is broad and flat at the tip. Tongue horny and thick at top, ending in a sharp point. Thorax shining and dark blue, covered on the front with black hairs. Abdomen dark blue, the sides being hairy. Wings dark blue and opake. Breast dark blue and hairy. Fore legs longer than the others, and very hairy, the femora and tibiæ being black; the first articulation of the tarsi being composed of a thin horn-like substance of a light yellow colour, concave and hollow within, but flat on the top or upper part; from the hinder side or edge whereof proceed many long hairs of the same colour.

According to Mr. Smeathman these bees are very injurious to wooden houses, the posts of which they bore and perforate in various directions, so as to weaken them very much. The holes they make are half an inch in diameter. Drury hazards the conjecture, that the curiously dilated anterior tarsi, and the long hairs with which it is furnished, appear to be useful to the creature for containing the substance of which these insects compose their nests. This, however, is but mere conjecture; since it is the males only which possess this curious construction; and this sex takes no share in the construction or provisioning of the nest in any species of bees with whose economy we are hitherto acquainted. There are certainly several distinct species confounded together under the common name of Xylocopa latipes.

SYNAGRIS CORNUTA [male].

Plate XLVIII. fig. 3.

ORDER: Hymenoptera. SECTION: Diploptera. FAMILY: Vespidæ, _Leach_.

GENUS. SYNAGRIS, _Latr. Fabr._ Vespa, _Linn._ Apis, _Drury_.

SYNAGRIS CORNUTA. Ferruginea, abdomine alisque nigris, mandibulis porrectis capite longioribus. [male]. (Long. Corp. cum mand. 1 unc. 4½ lin.)

SYN. Vespa cornuta, _Linn. Syst. Nat._ 1. 2. 951. 20. _Fabr. Syst. Piez._ 252. 1. _Latr. Hist. Nat._ 3. 360. (Synagris c.) _Griffith Animal Kingdom, Insects_, _pl._ 106. _&_ 107. _fig._ 1. _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (Apis c.)

HABITAT: Africa (_Fabr._). Anamaboe (_Drury_).

Front of the head dark orange, the hinder part brown. Antennæ dark orange brown, and about the length of the thorax; the basal joint elongated. Ocelli distinct. From the front of the head proceed two slender horns, about three-eighths of an inch in length, of a solid bony substance, bending at the extremities toward each other, which the insect can open and close together horizontally, and which are the mandibles greatly developed. The base of these horns extends downwards, and forms a kind of {99}hollow beak, terminating in a point which encloses the tongue, and serves as a guard or fence to secure it from external injuries. Thorax and legs orange brown. Abdomen probably of a dark mazarine blue [?] when the insect was living, but is now of a dead black. Wings brown, opake, and shining.

PLATE XLIX.

PHASMA (PLATYCRANA) JAMAICENSIS.

Plate XLIX. fig. 1.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Phasmidæ.

GENUS. PHASMA, _Fabr._ Mantis, _Drury_. SUBGENUS: Platycrana, _Gray_.

PHASMA (PLATYCRANA) JAMAICENSIS. Linearis viridis, alis pallidè roseis costâ tenui viridi. (Long. Corp. 3 unc. 6 lin.)

SYN. Mantis Jamaicensis, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 15. 11. (Mantis J.) _Gray Syn. Phasm._ _p._ 38. (Platycrana J.)

HABITAT: Jamaica.

Head green. Eyes small and black. Antennæ filiform and long. Thorax and abdomen green, long, and slender. Tegmina very small, and striped with green, the anterior edges being yellow. Wings very thin and membraneous, being of a pale blush or pink colour; but along the anterior edges are thick and green. Legs green; but at the articulations are of a yellowish hue. Femora furnished with spines; those on the fore ones being smallest. Tarsi of the ordinary form.

MANTIS CINGULATA.

Plate XLIX. fig. 2.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Mantidæ.

GENUS. MANTIS, _Linn. &c._

MANTIS CINGULATA. Luteo-fusca, elytris subolivaceis maculis duabus obliquis discoidalibus, alis fuscis basi et versus apicem pallidioribus, abdomine pallido nigro annulato. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN.. Mantis Cingulata, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2.

Mantis Domingensis, _Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Orthopt. pl._ 12. _f._ 2.?

HABITAT: Jamaica.

Head brown yellow. Eyes rounded, and distant. Antennæ (in Drury's specimen) wanting. Thorax long and slender, flat at bottom and rounded at top. Tegmina pale greenish colour, with a nerve running down the middle like the leaf of a tree, extending, when closed, the length of the abdomen, being margined along the edges. Wings very thin and brown; but along the anterior edges thick and yellow. Abdomen yellowish, with black rings, and broad at the middle, but narrow where it joins the thorax. Fore legs yellow brown, with a black spot at the tips of the femora on the inner side. Trochanters flat and thin. Femora furnished with two rows of spines, and a groove between them to receive the tibiæ, which are furnished at the extremity with a strong spine bending inwardly, and likewise on each side with a row of small and shorter spines, regularly placed and very even. From this articulation proceed the slender tarsi, the first joint being the longest. The middle legs have a small flap, or membrane, placed near the tips of the tibiæ, on the first articulation of the bearers; with two small spines at the joints of the same articulations, both of these and the hinder legs.

{100}PLATE L.

PHASMA (DIAPHERODES) GIGAS.

Plate L.

ORDER: Orthoptera. SECTION: Cursoria. FAMILY: Phasmidæ.

GENUS: PHASMA, _Fabr._ Mantis, _Drury_. SUBGENUS: Diapherodes, _Gray_. Cyphocrana, _Serville_.

PHASMA (DIAPHERODES) GIGAS. Aptera, capite thoraceque spinosis, hoc lateribus serratis, elytris brevissimis, femoribus subtus angulatis. (Long. Corp. 7 unc. 9 lin.)

SYN. Mantis gigas, _Drury_, _App. vol._ 2. (1773.) (nec _Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. No._ 6. _Oliv. Encyl. No._ 2. _Serv. Rev. Orthopt. p._ 33.) _Gray Syn. Phasm. p._ 33. (Diapherodes G.)

Mantis angulata, _Fabr. Ent. Syst._ 2. 13. (1793.)

HABITAT: St. Vincent.

General colour brown, but probably green when alive, becoming brown by the spirits in which it was preserved. Antennæ about three inches long, and composed of a great number of articulations (not less than fifty) being thickest at their roots, from whence they diminish a little to their extremities. Head oblong, with two short thick spines on the top, near the front. Eyes small, round, black, and distant. Four palpi, each 4-jointed; that next the mouth being the shortest. Mouth appearing not to be furnished with strong teeth or jaws, but seeming rather formed for macerating tender plants. Neck and thorax having a great many short thick spines on them; particularly the latter, which has a ridge on each side, full of spines like the teeth of a saw, extending to the abdomen. "It is evident this species is furnished with wings when arrived to its complete state, by the rudiments observable in this; which, though they are exceeding small, are a sufficient proof it is not wingless." Abdomen composed of seven articulations; the last being divided into three smaller ones, from whence springs from the under part an instrument that extends about half an inch beyond the tail, being shaped like a three-edged sword; each side being hollowed and grooved like that weapon. When first received, the abdomen was considerably broader than it is now, being then nearly the breadth of a man's thumb; but now is contracted one-fourth, and in proportion every other part is less, except the head. The hind legs are longer than the rest; but are not formed, like the locust tribe, for leaping. The under part of the thighs are furnished with short thick spines; those on the hinder ones being the strongest, and most conspicuous. The tips of the femora are furnished with two thick strong spines, which are placed on each side the joint. The tibiæ are short and thick. The tarsi consist of five articulations besides the claws; the bottom of each having a valve or sucker to it; those placed between the hooks being considerably larger than the others, by which the creature is enabled to climb up any thing perpendicularly that has a smooth surface.

END OF VOL. II.

G. NORMAN, PRINTER. MAIDEN LANE, COVENT GARDEN.

NOTES.

[1] Trans. Linn. Soc. Vol. 7.

[2] Quoted in the British Cyclopædia of Natural History, Vol. 1. p. 748.

[3] Neither in Abbot's figure, nor in my specimens of this larva, is there any appearance of hair upon the body, and it cannot be supposed that a variation in the nature of the food could have the effect of clothing some specimens with hair whilst the rest are naked.

[4] Mr. Swainson's figure of Leilus orientalis is incorrect in this respect.

[5] Sphinx Vespiformis, an Essay, table opposite p. 31.

[6] Anomalie du Genre Urania par M. Boisduval. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1834, p. 248.

[7] Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. vol. i.

[8] Figured by Lewin in his Lepidopt. of New Holland, and republished by Guérin Icon. Règne. An. Ins. pl. 83. fig. 2.