Chapter 5

165. (40321). Medium size; of the variety represented in Fig. 361, but in these smaller pieces the bird zone is omitted, and there is but one figured zone on the body. In this example a small elk is represented as standing on the back of a larger one.

166. (40700). Medium size, belonging to the same type as the preceding. On the neck are figures of grotesque kite-shaped birds.

167. (40701). Medium size; Fig. 369. This and the preceding one are not designated as vases in the original Smithsonian Catalogue, nor in my field list, but according to the form should be classed in this group.

168. (41165). Medium size; decorations similar to those of Fig. 367, but varying in having the figure of a bird introduced in the middle belt with a small double scroll arising out of the back. The lower belt has the same bird reversed.

169. (39935). Medium size. The unusual decorations of this piece are shown in Fig. 371. It differs, as does also Fig. 369, from the usual form; the body is more nearly spherical, the neck more gracefully curved, and the rim slightly flaring. The proportions are also different; height, 8.75 inches; diameter of body, 10; of mouth, 6.5.

170. (41144). } 171. (41147). } Decorations similar to those in Fig. 364; (41144) varies in having the figures of elk or deer on the neck and in the coarser or ruder scrolls.

172. (41149). This somewhat abnormal form is well shown in Fig. 372. It is of medium size.

173. (41152). This belongs to the same type, both as to form and decorations.

174. (41153). Large size; of the usual form, but the decorations on the body peculiar, the design being crudely architectural.

175. (41156). Medium size, belonging to the type represented by Fig. 361.

176. (41163). Medium size. This pretty vase has a somewhat peculiar decoration, which can be best described as a kind of patch-work representing small fragments of pottery.

177. (41166). Medium size, with the usual elk and scroll figures.

178. (41167). This specimen, which is rather above medium size, presents one of the most chaste designs in the entire group. It is represented in Fig. 374. Attention is called especially to the leaves and to the simple meander in the stripes.

179. (41168). Marked with the usual elk and scroll figures. Medium size.

180. (39774). The decorations of this piece, shown in Fig. 373, may be classed with the peculiar type with oblique and vertical bands represented in Fig. 374.

181. (39917). Figures similar to those in Fig. 363.

182. (40768). The decorations on this piece consist entirely of representations of pyramids or possibly of pueblos, and are arranged in bands, one on the neck and two on the body; the two upper bands show the figures inverted.

183. (40770). } 184. (40771). } No. 183 is decorated with scrolls and bird scrolls and a scalloped line around the shoulder; No. 184 with elks and scrolls on the body.

185-188. 185, (40800). Fig. 378. The grotesque or kite-like bird seen on the neck, though rarely seen on the large water vase, is common on the small ones. To this type belong the following Nos. 186, (40769); 187, (40772); 188, (40791).

189. (40773). } 190. (40776). } These have the usual triangular and scroll designs without animal figures, as in Fig. 364.

191. (40777). Fig. 377. The decorations on this evidently belong to the same type as those represented in Fig. 359, the bird on the neck being the only variation. To this type also belong the following numbers: 192, (40778); 193, (40792); 194, (40794).

195. (40779). } 196. (40781). } 197. (40788). } 198. (40787). } 199. (40788). } 200. (40801). } These belong to the type represented by Fig. 361, distinguished chiefly by the elk, triangular figures, and scrolls.

201. (40780). } 202. (40784). } 203. (40786). } 204. (40790). } The decorations on these are similar to those shown in Figs. 366, 367, 368, and 370, in which the rosette is a distinguishing characteristic. Nos. 201, 202, and 203 are without figures of animals; No. 204 has a double belt of elk figures between the rosettes.

205. (40782). The designs on this remain unfinished; except that the triangles on the neck and the arches in which it was evidently the intention to place the figures of animals, are shown.

206. (40785). Fig. 375. This pretty vase, as will be seen by reference to the figure, has the diameter greater in proportion to the height than usual. Although the design is tasteful the hues are coarse and not so well drawn as the figure indicates.

207. (40789). On this there is an evident attempt to represent a pueblo or communal dwelling and the ladders.

208. (40793). Shown in Fig. 376.

209. (40795). Neck and lower belt of the body marked with vertical lines and oblique diamonds; upper belt with inverted pyramidal figures.

210. (40849). Very small; marked with oblique scalloped lines.

211. (40850). Very small; elk and grotesque bird on the body.

212. (40851). Very small; decorations similar to those on the middle belt of Fig. 373.

213. (41105). Similar to that shown in Fig. 361.

214. (40774). Marked with transverse lines and scrolls; design simple and unique.

The following specimens are red ware:

215. (40311). Large size; without ornamentation.

216. (40775). Small; form peculiar, diameter of the body greatest at the base, mouth flaring; decorations in black, consisting of triangles pointing downwards, and lines.

217. (40798). Medium size. See Fig. 381.

218. (40799). } 219. (40802). } Small; without ornamentation.

220. (41145). Large. See Fig. 383.

221. (41052). Medium size. See Fig. 384.

222. (41151). } 223. (41157). } 224. (41159). } Medium size; without ornamentation.

225. (41160). Medium size; with a scalloped band in black around the rim and shoulder.

Black ware:

226. (39930). Large size; without ornamentation.

The only black water vase obtained at Zuni; it was doubtless procured from some other tribe. The black ware obtained from, this tribe is in nearly all cases used for cooking, or holding liquids or moist foods. As remarked in another place, the Zuni black ware is generally small except in cases where large quantities of food are to be cooked, which occurs at feast tunes, when very large vessels are employed.

_WATER JUGS AND JARS._

These vary so greatly in form that it is impossible to give any general description that would convey a correct idea.

227. (39885). Somewhat mug-shaped, with handle; the top is rounded to the small mouth, no neck. White ware with scalloped bands and a Maltese cross.

228. (39886). Similar in form, but smaller, without handle or decorations.

229. (39899). Somewhat similar in form to the preceding, except that it is lower and more depressed, and instead of a mouth, at the top there is an orifice at the side as in the canteens, with which this should probably be classed.

230. (39940). Similar to No. 228.

231. (40062). Similar in form to No. 227, but without handle; with a double scalloped band around the constricted portion, and a single one around the mouth; figure of an insect on the upper half; apparently intended to represent a butterfly or large moth.

232. (40608). Small unhandled jug in the form of a smelling bottle. Unadorned.

233. (40611). Similar to No. 232.

234. (40697). } 235. (40608). } Like No. 228, with slight decorations.

236. (41140). An amphora or slender jug with two handles.

237. (39928). A jar shown in Fig. 399.

238. (39922). _M[-e]-h[-e]-t[-o]_, canteen of large size. Plain brown, as are also the following specimens:

239-242. 239, (40079); 240, (40081); 241, (40082), this has a small flower on one side; 242, (40083).

243-245. 243, (40088); 244, (40090); 245, (40091).

246-248. 246, (40085); 247, (40086), and 248, (40676), plain, white.

249. (40077). White with color decorations. Fig. 387.

The following eight specimens are also white with colors:

250. (40078). Decorated profusely with scrolls, leaves, and other figures. See Fig. 400.

251. (40080). Figure of a coiled snake or worm, without head or other character to indicate what it was intended to represent.

252. (40084). Usual scroll figures.

253. (40087). Decorated with simple loops and bands.

254. (40089). Radiating serrate lines.

255. (40092). Vase-shaped, with three colored bands.

256. (40093). Shown in Fig. 385.

257. (40886). Handsome piece, with floweret at the apex, scrolls on the side, and a scalloped band around the middle. The bands are always horizontal, the vessel being on its side. See Fig. 398.

258. (39914). _M[-e]-h[-e]-t[-o]-ts[-a]n-n[-a]_, canteens of small size. Red. Double, with two sets of handles and two chambers, but with only one orifice. Decorations in white, those on the larger piece consisting of meanders of the simplest form, a figure very unusual on Zuni pottery.

259. (39659). Brown, with handle and decorations in black. See Fig. 379.

260. (39923). Plain brown.

The following are also plain brown, red, or yellow:

261-271. 261, (40094); 262, (40095); 263, (40096); 264, (40097), Fig. 390; 265, (40099); 266, (40100); 267, (40101); 268, (40687), Fig. 386; 269, (40688); 270, (40689); 271, (40690).

272. (40102). White, with an oblique scalloped band.

273. (39872). White, shown in Fig. 389.

274. (40686). White, decorations as in Fig. 389.

275. (40685). White, with a single flower.

276. (40691). White, egg-shaped, with a single handle; decorated with a figure of the horned toad.

277. (40692). White, form and decorations like those shown in Fig. 385.

278. (40098). With outline figures of birds.

279. (40695). White, shown in Fig. 388. Although obtained at Zuni, this piece may have been manufactured at one of the other pueblos.

_JUGS OF FANCIFUL FORMS._

280. (39913). Fig. 395. Zuni name _M[-e]'-wi-i-p[ae]-chin_.

281. (39887). Similar to No. 280.

282. (39889). Fig. 392. _M[-e]'-wi-k[-e]-lik-t[-o]n-ne_. Plain red.

283. (39915). Fig. 394.

284. (40103). White, bottle-shaped, with constriction below the middle; scalloped bands and bird figures around the upper third. See Fig. 402.

285. (40104). Shown in Fig. 393.

286. (40105). Similar to No. 285. Marked with the figure of a bird having the wings spread. Navajo. _K[-o]'-s[-e]-t[)o]m-me._

287. (40106). Fig. 391.

288. (39887). Fig. 396. A double-globed canteen; triangular, with orifice at upper convexity.

289. (39914). Fig. 397. Red ware, with white lines on the lower globe and decorations in black on the upper, with orifice in each globe.

_PITCHERS._

These are of the usual form, of such vessels, except that they are generally without the lip. It is possible that to a certain extent they have been patterned after those observed in use among the Europeans or white races with whom these Indians have come in contact. But we shall presently find specimens similar in form among the ancient pottery found in the ruins of the cliff houses. We are inclined to believe that the form is original and not borrowed. The figures introduced will suffice to illustrate the form and usual decorations. The specimens obtained are generally small, varying in capacity from a pint to half a gallon. These are known in Zuni by the name _[-E]'-m[-u]sch-t[-o]n-ne_.

290. (39918). Shown in Fig. 403.

291. (40668). With scalloped margin and decorations similar to those on Fig. 403.

292. (40669). Without handle and should be classed with the cups. Figures of plants.

293. (40671). Triangles on the upper portion; simple meander on the bowl.

294. (40672). Similar to the following.

295. (40673). With scalloped margin and zigzag lines on white ground; small right-angle handle.

296. (40674). With scalloped marginal and middle bands. The following are brown ware with but slight decorations:

297-310. 297, (40838); 298, (40839); 299, (40841); 300, (40843), outline figures similar to those on No. 293; 301, (40844); 302, (40887); 303, (40888); 304, (40889); 305, (40890), is really black but not polished; 306, (40891); 307, (40893); 308, (40894); 309, (40897); 310, (40898).

311. (40842). Scalloped rim and similar in size and shape to 298, (40839).

312. (40845). Small, white, with decorations and of unusual form, in fact in the original field list is classed among the canteens. The mouth is prolonged obliquely in the form of a large tube. It should perhaps be classed with the water jugs.

313. (40892). Form and decorations shown in Fig. 405.

314. (40895). Scalloped margin; decorated with scrolls.

315. (40896). Scalloped margin. Figures of the little water animal so often represented on the earthenware baskets.

316. (40899). Without handle; diamond figures on the neck.

317. (41005). Fig. 406.

318. (41013). Slender neck and small mouth; jug-shaped, marked with twigs and leaves. This does not appear to be of Zuni manufacture.

319. (41136). Fig. 407.

320. (40840). Shown in Fig. 404.

_CUPS OR CUP-SHAPED VESSELS._

Under this general head are included two forms: one, closely resembling the true cup, as shown in the figures and to which the Zunis apply the name _s[-a]t-ts[-a]n-n[-a]-m[-u]-y[-a]_, and those in the form of ollas or bowls, and without handles. The decorations of the true cup-shaped vessels, especially on the inner surface, follow somewhat closely the patterns found on the bowls. Here we see the zigzag marginal line, the scalloped bands, the interlaced or tessellated bands with star points, triangles, scrolls, &c.; but the elongate triangle or lance point is seldom present. As no new figure is introduced it is unnecessary for me to describe the decorations. A few are of red or brown ware.

The following numbers refer to true cups:

321-345. 321, (40058); 322, (40615); 323, (40616), Fig. 408; 324, (40617); 325, (40618); 326, (40619); 327, (40620); 328, (40621), Fig. 409; 329, (40622); 330, (40623); 331, (40624); 332, (40625); 333, (40627); 334, (40638); 335, (40639); 336, (40640); 337, (40641); 338, (40643); 339, (40644); 340, (40837); 341, (40847); 342, (40848); 343, (40880)--this is an unusually large cup and although having a handle may have been used as a bowl; 344, (40998); 345, (41148), an unburnt specimen.

The following are without handles and are either small bowls or paint cups:

346-355. 346, (40426); 347, (40436); 348, (40458); 349, (40642); 350, (40853), a small bowl-shaped cup, _s[-u]t-ts[-a]n-n[-a]_; 351, (40994); 352, (40995); 353, (40996); 354, (40997); 355, (41000).

_EATING BOWLS._

The smaller forms are called _s[-a]t-ts[-a]n-n[-a]_.

356. (39962). Fig. 410. The ornamentation is typical of a variety very common on Zuni bowls. The design on the outer surface is more constant than that on the inner, in which the figures of animals, especially the elk, are sometimes introduced. The distinguishing feature of this type is the zigzag line on the inner margin.

The following numbers belong to the same type:

357-378. 357, (39746); 358, (39973); 359, (39975); 360, (39981); 361, (39984); 362, (39988); 363, (39989); 364, (39991); 365, (39993); 366, (39994); 367, (39997); 368, (39999); 369, (40004), duplicate of Fig. 411; 370, (40005); 371, (40231); 372, (40234); 373, (40236); 374, (40239); 375, (40246); 376, (40249); 377, (40250); 378, (40259).

379-396. 379, (40260); 380, (40266), shown in Fig. 411; 381, (40274); 382, (40285), shown in Fig. 412; 383, (40504); 384, (40512); 385, (40513); 386, (40516); 387, (40517); 388, (40519); 389, (40522); 390, (40527); 391, (40530); 392, (40541); 393, (40546); 394, (40528); 395, (40203); 396, (40211).

397. (39951). Decorated, on the inner margin only, with triangles.

398. (39952). Similar to that shown in Fig. 411, except that the inner marginal line is scalloped.

The following numbers may be classed in the same group:

399, 400. 399, (40205); 400, (40210).

401. (40521). Similar to No. 397, except that it has the interior below the marginal line decorated with scrolls.

402. (39902). Decorated on the inner surface only, with the usual scrolls; marginal band simply a narrow line or entirely wanting.

The following belong to the same type:

403-417. 403, (39960); 404, (40002); 405, (40006); 406, (40232); 407, (40233); 408, (40237); 409, (40263); 410, (40268); 411, (40284), in this small specimen there are but few figures; 412, (40503); 413, (40505); 414, (40520); 415, (40524); 416, (40981); 417, (40987).

418. (40906). The decorations of this piece belong to a variety which is readily distinguished by the broad checkered band on the inner margin.

There are two sub-varieties, one with and one without figures on the external surface. This and the following specimens belong to the latter group:

419, 420. 419, (40533); 420, (39890).

421. (40001). This belongs to the former group, as represented by Fig. 412.

422. (39898). External decorations as in Fig. 410, except that the lower margin of the oblique line is furnished with scrolls as in Fig. 375, inner surface with leaves, and a zigzag marginal line.

423. (39908). This and the following thirty-one specimens have the external surface ornamented as in Fig. 410, the decorations of the inner surface varying and differing from those already enumerated. In this the marginal line is simple.

424. (39909). Marginal line scalloped; central rosette of simple lines.

425. (39963). Zigzags in irregular lines, no marginal band; form semi-globular.

426. (39963). Triangles and scrolls; somewhat mug-shaped.

427. (39972). Usual form; decorations as in the preceding.

428. (39975). Ornamentation as represented in Fig. 422.

429. (39976). Double scrolls; no marginal bands.

430. (40000). Margin as in Fig. 422; no other inner decorations.

431. (40204). Scroll figures; no marginal band; form hemispherical.

432. (40216). Similar to Fig. 423, as are also the following specimens:

433-443. 433, (40218); 434, (40223); 435, (40238); 436, (40240); 437, (40284); 438, (40286); 439, (40501); 440, (40506); 441, (40507); 442, (40510); 443, (40514); the inner decorations of this piece vary in having the figures of the elk below the marginal band.

444-447. 444, (40515); 445, (40547); 446, (40985); 447, (40217). Zigzag marginal band; no other inner decorations.

448. (40241). Marginal band double, upper line undulate, lower, straight with star points.

449. (40245). Marginal band composed of rows of stars, as in Fig. 414.

450. (40251). Only the inner decorations consist of radiating serrate lines.

451. (40258). Similar to that shown in Fig. 424.

452. (40273). Inner decorations apparently intended as floral; marginal line very slender.

453. (40275). Inner figures; radiating scrolls.

454. (40287). Similar to No. 453.

455. (40558). Inner figures in the form of blocks or tiles; marginal band undulating.

456. (40549). Inner decorations consist of two narrow crenate bands, one marginal and the other just below it.

457. (39891). This and the following thirty-nine specimens are without external ornamentation. In this one the inner figures are radiating scrolls, and birds.

458. (39892). Slender marginal scalloped band only.

459. (39893). Serrate marginal band only.

460. (39953). Similar to Fig. 424.

461. (39954). Birds with wings spread, and scrolls.

462. (39958). Differs from the usual form in having the margin undulating. The inner decorations consist chiefly of combinations of triangles. Similar to

463. (39971). Similar to the preceding.

464. (39959). Scrolls and triangles.

465. (39960). Scrolls and leaves.

466. (39961). Oblique serrate lines.

467. (39986). Broad net-work, marginal band, as seen in Fig. 414; form unusual, being constricted near the base.

468. (39992). Marginal band composed of sigmoid figures.

469. (39996). Very small; central diameter with rays from the points; the marginal band is simply a narrow line.

470. (40209). Ornamental marginal band only.

471. (40212). Scalloped marginal band, and central rosette or flower.

472. (40224). Scalloped marginal band, and figures of deer.

473. (40225). Zigzag band and the usual scroll figures.

474. (40229). Two slender bands, and central radiating scrolls.

475. (40242). Zigzag marginal line only.

476. (40248). Narrow scalloped marginal band; no other figures.

477. (40252). Zigzag band and floral decorations.

478. (40253). No marginal band; oblique triple and dotted lines.

479. (40265). Serrate marginal band and central rosette.

480. (40270). No band except a simple line bounding the central figure of radiating leaves.

481. (40272). Three plain bands.

482. (40481). Broad marginal band in figures arranged in square blocks.

483. (40485). Very small; marginal net-work band, central floral figure.

484. (40490). Similar to the preceding.

485. (40489). Plain marginal band; central floral figures.

486. (40492). Zigzag marginal band as in Fig. 425.

487. (40498). Marginal band as in Fig. 414.

488. (40499). Scalloped marginal band.

489. (40508). Zigzag band and floral decorations.

490. (40511). Marginal band composed of lines of stars.

491. (40530). Similar to No. 486, having also a central figure.

492. (40536). Marginal band of scrolls and triangles.

493. (40537). Net-work marginal band.

494. (40539). Scalloped band and central figure of twigs and leaves; unusually chaste design.

495. (40542). Like No. 467.

496. (40545). Scalloped marginal band.

497. (39967). Do.

498. (39965). Zigzag inner marginal band; figures of the elk externally and internally.

499. (39966). External and internal zigzag marginal band.

500. (39969). No external decorations; marked internally with oblique lines, no band.

501. (39970). Scroll figures on the inner surface; on the outer, triangles pointing in opposite directions; no bands.

502. (39977). Dish-like, undulate, external and internal marginal band.

503. (39978). Inner band of crosses, and central figure, outer serrate marginal band.

504. (39982). } 505. (39983). } Decorations same as those represented in Fig. 414, with a wide, latticed, marginal band on the inner side of the bowl.

506. (39985). Both surfaces decorated with scroll figures.

507. (39987). Inner surface with scroll figures, outer with but a marginal scalloped band.

508. (39990). Both surfaces marked with oblique serrate Hues; unusually flaring.