CHAPTER XXX

NOTES ON BOOKS 256

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE Illuminated Page _Frontispiece_ Babylonian Characters (Fig. 1) 25 Egyptian Hieroglyphics (Fig. 2) 27 Egyptian Hieratic Writing 28 Stylus and Early Pens 29 Cadmus gives the Greeks an Alphabet 32 The Development of Writing (Fig. 3) 34 The Development of Writing (Fig. 4) 38 The Pen (Fig. 5) 43 Simple Pen-Strokes (Fig. 6) 45 Pen-formed Letters (Fig. 7) 49 The Construction of Letters (Fig. 8) 51 Forming Words and Sentences (Fig. 9) 55 Word-spacing, etc. (Fig. 10) 57 Alphabets for Study (Fig. 11) 61 Alphabets for Study (Fig. 12) 63 Alphabets for Study (Fig. 13) 64 Alphabets for Study (Fig. 14) 66 Roman Lettering (Fig. 15) 71 Pen-formed Roman Lettering (Fig. 16) 74 The Trajan Column 76 The Trajan Alphabet (Fig. 17) 77 The Trajan Alphabet (Fig. 18) 78 The Trajan Alphabet (Fig. 19) 79 Roman Alphabets (Fig. 20) 80 Roman Alphabet, pen-formed (Fig. 21) 81 Roman Alphabets (Fig. 22) 82 The Lindisfarne Gospels 84 Flemish Initials 101 Initial Letters (Fig. 23) 102 Initial Letters (Fig. 24) 105 A Simple Page in Black and Red 107 Method of Setting out Page (Fig. 25) 108 Mediæval Alphabets (Fig. 26) 110 The Construction of Initials (Fig. 27) 111 Illumination in Black and Red (Fig. 28) 113 The Preparation of Colours (Fig. 29) 133 Gilding Materials (Fig. 30) 148 Illumination with Gold and Colours (Fig. 31) 157 Illuminated Altar Tablet 161 The Development of Illumination (Fig. 32) 162 Rough Sketches of Illuminated Pages (Fig. 33) 166 A Roll of Honour 167 Illuminated Altar Tablet 169 A Church Porch Text 170 An Illuminated Address 171 Various Forms of Illuminated Addresses (Fig. 34) 172 Designs for Christmas Cards 185 A Christmas Card 187 Styles of Cards (Fig. 35) 188 Styles of Cards (Fig. 36) 189 Designs for Programme and Progressive Whist Card 190 Booklet Cover 192 An Attractive Advertisement 192 A Handbook Cover 194 Lettering for Maps, etc. (Fig. 37) 195 A Design for a Certificate 196 An Alphabet for Poster Work (Fig. 38) 197 Two Designs for Labels 198 A Design for a Letter Heading 199 A Design for a Music Cover 200 A Design for a Bookplate 201 An Attractive Piece of Lettering 204 Guide for Hand-written Posters (Fig. 39) 205 Specimen Poster written with Pen (Fig. 40) 207 Specimen Poster written with Brush (Fig. 41) 209 Design for a Menu 210 Window Tickets (Fig. 42) 213 A Showcard (Fig. 43) 214 Frontispiece of Blake’s “Songs of Innocence” 216 Arrangement for MS. Book (Fig. 44) 218 Title-page of Blake’s “Songs of Innocence” 219 Examples of Colophons (Fig. 45) 221 Two pages from “Songs of Innocence” 223 Method of Stitching MS. Book (Fig. 46) 226 Vellum Cover (Fig. 47) 228 Cover ready for Binding (Fig. 48) 229 Completing the Cover (Fig. 49) 230 The Illumination of the Printed Book (Fig. 50) 233 Styles of Title Pages (Fig. 51) 239 Types of Initials to Avoid (Fig. 52) 242 Decorative Initials (Fig. 53) 243 Tail-pieces (Fig. 54) 245

ILLUMINATION AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE PRESENT DAY