BOOK VI.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF CHEMISTRY.

PAGE CHAP. I. ATTEMPTS TO CONCEIVE ELEMENTARY COMPOSITION 3

_Art._ 1. Fundamental Ideas of Chemistry. 2. Elements. 3. Do Compounds resemble their Elements? 4. The Three Principles. 5. A Modern Errour. 6. Are Compounds determined by the Figure of Elements? 7. Crystalline Form depends on Figure of Elements. 8. Are Compounds determined by Mechanical Attraction of Elements? 9. Newton's followers. 10. Imperfection of their Hypotheses.

CHAP. II. ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEA OF CHEMICAL AFFINITY 15

_Art._ 1. Early Chemists. 2. Chemical Affinity. 3. Affinity or Attraction? 4. Affinity preferable. 5. Analysis is possible. {vi} 6. Affinity is Elective. 7. Controversy on this. 8. Affinity is Definite. 9. Are these Principles necessarily true? 10. Composition determines Properties. 11. Comparison on this subject. 12. Composition determines Crystalline Form.

CHAP. III. OF THE IDEA OF SUBSTANCE 29

_Art._ 1. Indestructibility of Substance. 2. The Idea of Substance. 3. Locke's Denial of Substance. 4. Is all Substance heavy? Note on Sir W. Hamilton's objections 37

CHAP. IV. APPLICATION OF THE IDEA OF SUBSTANCE IN CHEMISTRY 39

_Art._ 1. A Body is Equal to its Elements. 2. Lavoisier. 3. Are there Imponderable Elements? 4. Faraday's views. 5. Composition of Water. 6. Heat in Chemistry.

CHAP. V. THE ATOMIC THEORY 48

_Art._ 1. The Theory on Chemical Grounds. 2. Hypothesis of Atoms. 3. Its Chemical Difficulties. 4. Grounds of the Atomic Doctrine. 5. Ancient Atomists. 6. Francis Bacon. 7. Modern Atomists. 8. Arguments for and against. 9. Boscovich's Theory. 10. Molecular Hypothesis. 11. Poisson's Inference. 12. Wollaston's Argument. 13. Properties are Permanent. {vii}