Part 841

1771. * Pennsylvania Packet and General Advertiser (Philadelphia), weekly; became Pennsylvania Packet and American Daily Advertiser, daily, 1784; consolidated with North American (founded 1839), 1839; consolidated with United States Gazette (established 1789, see 1789, Gazette of the U. S.), as North American and United States Gazette, 1847; became North American, 1876.

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1773. * Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser; merged in Baltimore American, 1799.

1778. * Gazette (Montreal), weekly; now daily and weekly; since 1870 absorbed Telegraph and Daily News.

1785. *Falmouth (Maine) Gazette and Weekly Advertiser; Cumberland Gazette, 1786; Gazette of Maine, 1790; Eastern Herald, 1792; Eastern Herald and Gazette of Maine, 1796; Jenks' Portland Gazette, 1798; Portland Gazette and Maine Advertiser, 1805; Portland Advertiser, semi-weekly, 1823; daily, 1831. * Journal (Poughkeepsie, New York); established to take the place of New York Journal, published at Poughkeepsie, 1778-1783; consolidated with Eagle (founded 1828—see 1828, Dutchess Intelligencer), as Journal and Eagle; became Eagle after a few years.

1786. Hampshire Gazette (Northampton, Massachusetts). Pittsburgh Commercial Gazette.

1789. * Gazette of the United States (New York); removed to Philadelphia, 1790; daily, 1793; became The Union, or United States Gazette and True American; merged in North American, 1847. Berkshire County Eagle (Pittsfield, Massachusetts), weekly.

1793. Gazette (Cincinnati), weekly; added daily, Commercial Gazette, 1841. Minerva (New York), daily, and Herald, semi-weekly; became Commercial Advertiser, and New York Spectator. Newburyport (Massachusetts) Herald. Utica Gazette; consolidated with Herald (founded 1847), as Morning Herald and Gazette.

1794. Rutland (Vermont) Herald.

1796. * Sentinel of Freedom (Newark), weekly; added Newark Daily Advertiser, daily, 1832.

1800. * Salem Register, weekly; then semi-weekly; now weekly.

1801. New York Evening Post. Ægis and Gazette (Worcester), weekly; added Evening Gazette, 1843.

1803. Charleston News and Courier. Portland (Maine) Eastern Argus.

1804. Pittsburgh Post.

1805. Missionary Herald (Boston), monthly. * Quebec Mercury, tri-weekly; became daily about 1860.

1806. * Precurser (Montpelier), weekly; became Vermont Watchman, 1807, weekly.

1807. * New Bedford (Massachusetts) Mercury, weekly; added daily, 1831.

1808. * Cooperstown(New York) Federalist; became Freeman's Journal, weekly, 1820. Le Canadien (Montreal). St. Louis Republic, weekly; added daily, 1835.

1809. * New Hampshire Patriot (Concord, New Hampshire); consolidated with People (founded 1868) as People and Patriot, 1878, daily and weekly. Montreal Herald.

1810. Kingston (Ontario) News, weekly.; added daily, 1851.

1811. * Buffalo Gazette, weekly; became Niagara Patriot, weekly, 1818; became Buffalo Patriot, weekly, July 10, 1821; added Buffalo Commercial Advertiser, daily, 1835. * Western Intelligencer; Western Intelligencer and Columbus Gazette, 1814; became Ohio State Journal, 1825; daily, 1839.

1812. * Columbian Weekly Register (New Haven); added Evening Register, daily, 1848.

1813. Albany Argus. Boston Advertiser. Acadian Recorder (Halifax).

1815. North American Review (New York), monthly.

1816. * Boston Recorder; merged in Congregationalist, weekly, 1867. Knoxville Tribune, weekly; added daily, 1865. Rochester Union and Advertiser, weekly; added daily, 1826.

1817. * Hartford Times, weekly; added daily., 1841.

1819. * Cleveland Herald; consolidated with Evening News (founded 1868), 1885. See 1848. Cleveland Leader. Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock). * Oswego Palladium, weekly; added daily about 1860.

1820. Nova Scotian (Halifax), weekly; added Chronicle, 3 times a week, 1845; added Morning Chronicle, 1865. * Manufacturers' and Farmers' Journal (Providence), semi-weekly; added Daily Journal, 1829.

1821. * Christian Register (Boston), weekly. Indianapolis Sentinel. Mobile Register.

1822. Broome Republican (Binghamton, New York), weekly; added Republican, daily, 1849. * Old Colony Memorial (Plymouth, Massachusetts), weekly; has absorbed Plymouth Rock, and Old Colony Sentinel.

1823. Auburn (New York) News and Democrat, weekly; added Bulletin, daily, 1870. Zion's Herald (Boston), weekly. * New Hampshire Statesman (Concord), weekly; consolidated with Independent Democrat (founded 1845), as Independent Statesman, 1871; added daily, Concord Evening Monitor, 1864. * Western Censor and Emigrant's Guide (Indianapolis); became Indianapolis Journal, weekly, and semi-weekly during session of the Legislature; became weekly and daily, 1850. * Observer (New York), weekly. * Register (New York), weekly; became Examiner, 1855. Poughkeepsie News-Telegraph, weekly; added News-Press, daily, 1852.

1824. * Springfield (Massachusetts) Republican, weekly; added daily, 1844.

1825. Kennebec Journal, weekly; added daily, 1870. * Rome (New York) Republican, weekly; became Telegram; became Sentinel, 1837; added daily, 1852-1860; added daily, 1881.

1826. Detroit Free Press, weekly; added daily, 1835. * Lowell Courier, weekly; added daily, 1845; weekly now called Lowell Weekly Journal. * La Minerve (Montreal), daily and weekly. Christian Advocate (New York), weekly. Journal of the Franklin Institute (Philadelphia), monthly. * St. Lawrence Republican (Potsdam, New York) weekly; removed to Canton, N. Y., 1827; removed to Ogdensburg, 1830, and consolidated with St. Lawrence Gazette (founded 1815); purchased by Ogdensburg Journal (founded 1855), daily, 1858; both papers continue. Rochester Democrat; consolidated with Chronicle (founded 1868) as Democrat and Chronicle.

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1827. * Youth's Companion (Boston), weekly. * Independent News Letter (Cleveland); became Advertiser, 1832; became Plain Dealer, 1842. Columbus (Ohio) Press. New York Journal of Commerce.

1828. * Orleans Republican (Albion, New York), weekly. Burlington (Vermont) Free Press, weekly, added daily, 1844. Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser. * Dutchess Intelligencer (Poughkeepsie, New York); consolidated with Dutchess Republican, as Poughkeepsie Eagle, weekly, 1833; consolidated with Poughkeepsie Journal (see 1785, Journal), as Journal and Eagle, 1844; now Eagle; added daily, 1860.

1829. * Auburn (New York) Journal, weekly; added Daily Advertiser, 1844. * Northwestern Journal (Detroit), weekly; semi-weekly, then 3 times a week, 1835; became Daily Advertiser, 1836; consolidated with Tribune (founded 1849), as Advertiser and Tribune, 1862; consolidated with Daily Post (founded 1866), as Post and Tribune, 1877; became Tribune, 1885. * Elmira Gazette, weekly, added daily, 1860. Philadelphia Inquirer. * Providence Daily Journal. * Syracuse Standard; successor to Onondaga Standard.

1830. * Albany Evening Journal. * Boston Transcript. Louisville Journal; consolidated with Courier (founded 1843) and Democrat (founded 1844), under name of Louisville Courier-Journal, 1868. * Evangelist (New York), weekly. * Sunday School Journal (Philadelphia), weekly; merged in Sunday School Times, 1859.

1831. Orleans American (Albion, New York), weekly. * Boston Daily Post. Presbyterian (Philadelphia), weekly. Illinois State Journal (Springfield), weekly; added daily, 1848.

1832. * Patriot (Montpelier, Vermont); consolidated with Argus (founded 1851, Bellows Falls), as Argus and Patriot, weekly, 1862. * Herald (New Haven), daily; various names; became Journal and Courier, 1849. Morning Journal and Courier (New Haven).

1833. * Catholic Intelligencer (Boston), weekly; successor to Jesuit; became Pilot, 1836. * Boston Mercantile Journal; now Boston Journal. * The Sun (New York).

1834. Bangor Whig and Courier. * Western Christian Advocate (Cincinnati), weekly. * British Whig (Kingston, Ontario), daily, 1849. * New Yorker Staats-Zeitung, weekly; added daily, 1845 Anzeiger des Westens (St. Louis).

1835. * New York Herald. Schenectady Reflector, weekly; added Evening Star, 1855. Troy Morning Telegram.

1836. * Miner's Express, weekly; merged in Dubuque Herald (founded 1853), now daily and weekly. * Public Ledger and Daily Transcript (Philadelphia). * Illinois State Register (Vandalia), weekly; absorbed People's Advocate, 1836; removed to Springfield, 1839; absorbed Illinois Republican, 1839; added daily, 1848. * Toledo Blade, weekly; added daily, 1848.

1837. * Sun (Baltimore), daily and weekly. Buffalo Demokrat und Weltbürger. Burlington (Iowa) Gazette. * Cincinnati Times, daily and weekly; daily consolidated with Star (founded 1872), daily and weekly, as Cincinnati Times-Star, 1880. Southern Christian Advocate (Columbia, South Carolina), weekly. Jackson (Mississippi) Clarion, weekly. * Milwaukee Sentinel, weekly; absorbed Gazette and became Sentinel-Gazette, 1846; dropped "Gazette," 1851; daily 1844. * New Orleans Picayune.

1838. Bangor Commercial. * Philadelphia Demokrat. * St. Louis Evening Gazette; became Evening Mirror, 1847; became New Era, 1848; became Intelligencer, 1849; became Evening News, 1857; consolidated with Dispatch, 1867; consolidated with Evening Post, as Post Dispatch, 1878.

1839. * Iowa Patriot (Burlington), weekly; became Hawkeye and Iowa Patriot; has been, at various times, semi-weekly, and daily; now Burlington Hawkeye, daily and weekly. * Christliche Apologete (Cincinnati), weekly. * Madison Express, weekly; became Wisconsin Express, 1848; daily, 1851; consolidated with a new paper, Statesman, as Palladium, daily and weekly, 1852; became Wisconsin State Journal, 1852. Freeman's Journal and Catholic Register (New York), weekly. * North American (Philadelphia); absorbed Pennsylvania Packet (see 1771, Pennsylvania Packet), 1839. Western State Journal (Syracuse), weekly; became Syracuse Journal, 1844; added daily, 1846; absorbed Evening Chronicle, 1856; added semi-weekly, 1893.

1840. Chicago Tribune. * Appeal Memphis); consolidated with Avalanche (founded 1857), as Appeal-Avalanche, 1890 (?); consolidated with Commercial (founded 1889), as Commercial Appeal, 1894. * Union and Evangelist (Uniontown, Pennsylvania); became Evangelist and Observer at Pittsburgh; succeeded by Cumberland Presbyterian, about 1846, at Uniontown; removed to Brownsville; then to Waynesburg; to Alton, Illinois, in 1868; and to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1874; here consolidated with Banner of Peace (founded, Princeton, Kentucky, 1840; removed to Lebanon, Tennessee, 1843; then to Nashville). * Roman Citizen, weekly; became Rome Semi-Weekly Citizen, 1888.

1841. * Brooklyn Eagle. * Prairie Farmer (Chicago), weekly. * New York Tribune. * Pittsburgh Chronicle; consolidated with Pittsburgh Telegraph (founded 1873), as Pittsburgh Chronicle Telegraph, 1884. Reading Eagle, weekly; added daily, 1868.

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1842. * Daily Mercantile Courier and Democratic Economist (Buffalo); became Daily Courier and Economist, 1843; became Buffalo Courier, daily, 1845. * Cincinnati Enquirer, daily and semi-weekly. * Galveston News. Rural New Yorker (New York), weekly. * Preacher (Pittsburgh), weekly; became United Presbyterian, 1854.

1843. * Albany Daily Knickerbocker; consolidated with Press (founded 1877), as Daily Press and Knickerbocker, 1877. * Steuben Courier (Bath, New York).

1844. Chicago Evening Journal. * Woechentlicher Seebote (Milwaukee); became Der Seebote, daily and Woechentlicher Seebote. * American Baptist (New York); became Baptist Weekly; has absorbed Gospel Age; became Christian Inquirer, weekly, 1888. * Churchman (New York), weekly. *New Yorker Demokrat; New Yorker Journal, 1862; consolidated as New Yorker Zeitung, 1878. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature (New York), monthly. Ledger (New York), weekly. Oswego Times. * Globe (Toronto).

1845. * Binghamton Democrat, weekly; added daily, 1864. * Buffalo Morning Express. * Independent Democrat (Concord, New Hampshire). See 1823, New Hampshire Statesman. Montreal Witness, weekly; added daily, 1860. Scientific American (New York), weekly. * St. Joseph (Missouri) Gazette, daily and weekly.

1846. * Boston Herald, daily and weekly. * Evening News (Hamilton, Ontario), daily and weekly; successor to Journal and Express, semi-weekly; became Banner and Railway Chronicle, 1852 or 1853; became Evening Times, 1858. * Hamilton (Ontario) Spectator, semi-weekly; added daily, 1852. Keokuk (Iowa) Gate City. * Bankers' Magazine (New York), monthly. * Newport (Rhode Island) Daily News. Pittsburgh Dispatch.

1847. * Albany Morning Express. New England Historical and Genealogical Register (Boston), quarterly. Boston Traveller. Illinois Staats-Zeitung (Chicago). * Lewiston (Maine) Weekly Journal; added Evening Journal, 1861. London (Ontario) Free Press, weekly; added daily, 1859. * Evening Wisconsin Milwaukee). Iron Age (New York), weekly. Toledo Commercial. Utica Morning Herald; consolidated with Gazette (founded 1793), as Morning Herald and Gazette.

1848. * Massachusetts Teacher; afterwards, with College Courant (founded 1866, New Haven), Rhode Island Schoolmaster (founded 1855), and Connecticut School Journal, formed Journal of Education (founded 1875, Boston). * Williamsburg Times; became Brooklyn Daily Times, 1854. * Cleveland Leader, daily; added, by purchase, Evening News (founded 1868), 1869; purchased Cleveland Herald (founded 1819), and consolidated it with Evening News, as News and Herald, 1885. Des Moines Leader. * Independent (New York), weekly.

1849. * Congregationalist (Boston), weekly; absorbed Boston Recorder (founded 1816), 1867. * Detroit Tribune; consolidated with Post, 1877. See 1829, Northwestern Journal. * Irish American (New York), weekly. * Water Cure Journal (New York); became Herald of Health, 1863; became Journal of Hygiene and Herald of Health, m., 1893. * St. Paul Pioneer, weekly; daily, 1854; consolidated with St. Paul Press (founded 1860), daily, as Pioneer Press, 1875. Wilkesbarre Leader, weekly; added daily, 1879.

1850. * Buffalo Christian Advocate, weekly. Kansas City (Missouri) Times. Mirror and American (Manchester, New Hampshire). Harper's New Monthly Magazine (New York). * Oregonian (Portland), weekly; added daily, 1861. Richmond Dispatch. * Deseret News (Salt Lake City), weekly; added semi-weekly, 1865; added daily, 1867. * Morning News (Savannah, Georgia), daily and weekly; absorbed Savannah Republican (founded 1802), and Savannah Daily Advertiser (founded 1866), 1874. * Watertown (New York) Weekly Reformer; added Daily Times, 1860.

1851. La Crosse Morning Chronicle. * Union Democrat (Manchester, New Hampshire), weekly; added Manchester Union, daily, 1863. * Argus (Bellows Falls); consolidated with Patriot, at Montpelier, under name of Argus and Patriot, weekly, 1862. * New York Times, daily and weekly. * Rochester Beobachter, weekly; 3 times a week, 1855; daily, 1863; consolidated with Abendpost (founded 1880), as Rochester Abendpost und Beobachter, daily and weekly, 1881. St. Joseph (Mo.) Herald. * Troy (New York) Times, daily.

1852. Wächter am Erie (Cleveland). St. Louis Globe–Democrat. Wheeling Intelligencer (Wheeling, West Virginia).

1853. Elmira Advertiser. Frank Leslie's Illustrated Weekly (New York). Richmond Anzeiger. San Francisco Evening Post. Toledo Express. Washington Evening Star. * Record of the Times (Wilkesbarre), weekly; added Wilkesbarre Record, daily, 1873.

1854. * Deutsche Zeitung (Charleston, South Carolina), semi-weekly and weekly; suspended during four years of Civil War. Chicago Times, daily and weekly. * American Israelite (Cincinnati), weekly. * Kansas City (Missouri) Journal, weekly; added daily, 1864. La Crosse Republican and Leader. Herold (Milwaukee). * Nebraska City News. * Anzeiger des Nordens (Rochester); became Rochester Volksblatt, weekly, 1859, added daily, 1863.

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1855. * Ogdensburg Journal, daily; purchased St. Lawrence Republican (founded 1826), weekly, 1858.

1856. * Albany Times; absorbed Evening Courier, 1861; consolidated with Evening Union (founded 1882), as Albany Times-Union, daily and weekly, 1891. * Buffalo Allgemeine Zeitung, weekly; succeeded by Buffalo Freie Presse, daily 3 months, then semi-weekly; daily, 1872. * Iowa State Register (Des Moines), weekly; added daily, 1861. Dubuque Times. * Western Railroad Gazette (Chicago), weekly; became Railroad Gazette; removed to New York, 1871. San Francisco Call. * Scranton Republican, weekly; added daily, 1867.

1857. Baltimore News. Atlantic Monthly (Boston). * Banner of Light (Boston), weekly. Leavenworth Times. New Haven Union. Harper's Weekly (New York). * Jewish Messenger (New York), weekly. * Scottish American (New York), weekly. Philadelphia Press. Courrier du Canada (Quebec). Westliche Post (St. Louis). Syracuse Courier.

1858. Hartford Evening Post; Connecticut Post, weekly. Nebraska Press (Nebraska City), daily and weekly. Rochester Post-Express.

1859. * Boston Commercial Bulletin, weekly. * Rocky Mountain News (Denver), weekly; added daily, 1860. Kansas City (Missouri) Post (German). * Sunday School Times (Philadelphia), weekly; succeeded Sunday School Journal (founded 1830); absorbed Sunday School Workman (founded 1870), 1871; absorbed National Sunday School Teacher (founded 1866), 1882. St. John (New Brunswick) Globe.

1860. World (New York).

1861. Commonwealth (Boston), weekly.

1862. * New Yorker Journal. See 1844, New Yorker Demokrat. * Maine State Press (Portland), weekly; Portland Press, daily. Raleigh News and Observer. St. John (New Brunswick) Telegraph, weekly;added daily, 1869.

1863. * Brooklyn Daily Union; consolidated with Brooklyn Daily Standard (founded 1884), as Brooklyn Standard Union, 1887. London (Ontario) Advertiser. * New Orleans Times; consolidated with Democrat (founded 1876), as New Orleans Times–Democrat, 1881, all daily and weekly. Army and Navy Journal (New York), weekly. Portland (Oregon) Evening Telegram. Providence Evening Bulletin. * Sioux City Journal, weekly; added daily, 1870. * Wheeling Register.

1864. * Concord (New Hampshire) Evening Monitor, daily; issued in connection with Independent Statesman (see 1823, New Hampshire Statesman). Reading Post (German), weekly; added daily, 1867. * Springfield (Massachusetts) Union.

1865. Albany Evening Post. * Skandinaven (Chicago), weekly; daily, 1871. Halifax Morning Chronicle. Florida Times-Union (Jacksonville). Memphis Public Ledger.

* Catholic World (New York City), monthly. [https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/39367 (first of many)]

* Commercial and Financial Chronicle (New York), weekly; absorbed Hunt's Merchants' Magazine, 1870. Nation (New York), weekly Norfolk Virginian. * Daily Herald (Omaha, Nebraska); consolidated with Evening World (founded 1885), as World-Herald, 1889. * Index (Petersburg, Virginia); consolidated with Appeal (successor to Express, founded in 1848), as Index-Appeal, 1873. Philadelphia Abend Post. San Antonio Express. * San Francisco Chronicle. * Union (Schenectady), daily, and weekly.

1866. * Denver Tribune; consolidated with Denver Republican (founded 1878), under name of Tribune-Republican, 1884; became Denver Republican, daily and weekly. * Christian at Work (New York), weekly; became Christian Work, 1894; has absorbed The Continent, The Manhattan Magazine, Every Thursday, and others. Engineering and Mining Journal (New York), weekly. Sanitarian (New York), monthly.

1867. * Advance (Chicago), weekly. * Evening Journal (Jersey City). * Nebraska Commonwealth (Lincoln), weekly; became Nebraska State Journal, weekly, 1869; added daily, 1870. * Democrat (Madison, Wisconsin), daily and weekly. Minneapolis Tribune. * Le Monde (Montreal). Engineering News (New York), weekly. Harper's Bazaar (New York), weekly. American Naturalist (Philadelphia), monthly. * L'Evenement (Quebec). * Seattle Intelligencer, weekly; daily, 1876; consolidated with Post (founded 1878), daily, under name of Post-Intelligencer, 1881. Vicksburg Commercial Herald, weekly; added daily, 1869. Wilmington (North Carolina) Messenger. * Morning Star (Wilmington, North Carolina).

1868. Atlanta Constitution. * Buffalo Volksfreund, daily and weekly. * People (Concord, New Hampshire). See 1809, New Hampshire Patriot. Lippincott's Magazine (Philadelphia), monthly. St. Paul Dispatch. * San Diego Union, weekly; added daily, 1871. Troy Press.

1869. * Evening Star (Montreal); became Montreal Evening Star, then Montreal Daily Star; added Family Herald and Weekly Star, weekly. * Christian Union (New York), weekly; became The Outlook, 1893. Manufacturer and Builder (New York), monthly. * Ottawa Free Press, daily and weekly. Scranton Times, daily and weekly.

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PRIOR. PRIORY.

See MONASTERY.

PRIORIES, Alien.

"These were cells of foreign abbeys, founded upon estates which English proprietors had given to the foreign houses."

_E. L. Cutts, Scenes and Characters of the Middle Ages, chapter 4._

PRIORS OF THE FLORENTINE GUILDS.

See FLORENCE: A. D. 1250-1203.

PRISAGE.

See TUNNAGE AND POUNDAGE.

PRISON-SHIPS, British, at New York.

See UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: A. D. 1776-1777 PRISONERS AND EXCHANGES.

PRISONS AND PRISON-PENS, Confederate. Libby. Belle Isle. Andersonville.