Part 1240

The annals of Tacitus extend over most of the period from the death of Augustus to Nero, with important parts lost. The fragments preserved of the history gives us only four and a half out of fourteen books which made up the original work. These books contain the history of the years 69 and 70, not quite complete, and tell the story of the Vitellian conflict.

THIRLWALL, CONNOP. History of Greece. London: Longmans. 1835. 8 volumes.

Bishop Thirlwall's History covers the whole national life of the Greeks, down to the Roman conquest. “The strength of Thirlwall as clearly lies in the history of Alexander and his successors as the strength of Grote lies in the political history of Athenian and Syracusan democracy, as the strength of Curtius lies in the geography, in the artistic side of things, in the general picture of that age which was the glory of Athens, but which, as the disciples of Finlay know, was an age of decline for Hellas in the wider sense." _E. A. Freeman, The Methods of Historical Study, page 287._

"The student of to-day who is really intimate with Thirlwall's history may boast that he has a sound and accurate view of all the main questions in the political and social development of the Hellenic nation. But he will never have been carried away with enthusiasm." _J. P. Mahaffy, Problems in Greek History, chapter 1._

THUCYDIDES. History; translated into English, with introduction and notes, by B. Jowett. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1881. 2 volumes.

"Thucydides is much more than a great historian; or, rather, he was what every great historian ought to be—he was a profound philosopher. His history of the Peloponnesian War is like a portrait by Titian; the whole mind and character, the inner spirit and ideals, the very tricks and foibles, of the man or the age come before us in living reality. No more memorable, truthful and profound portrait exists than that wherein Thucydides has painted the Athens of the age of Pericles." _Frederic Harrison, The Meaning of History, page 92._

TORR, CECIL. Rhodes in ancient times. Cambridge: University Press. 1885.

TROLLOPE, ANTHONY. Life of Cicero. London: Chapman & Hall. 1880. 2 volumes.

Written in vindication of Cicero against the injustice done to the great patriotic orator in Froude's Cæsar. Both books are writings of advocacy rather than history.

WHIBLEY, L. Political parties in Athens during the Peloponnesian War. Cambridge, Warehouse. 1889.

XENOPHON. Works; translated by H. G. Dakyns. London and New York: Macmillan & Co. 1890. volumes 1-2.

Volume I. contains books 1 and 2 of the Hellenica, and the Anabasis; volume 2 contains books 3 to 7, with Agesilaus, The Politics, and Revenues. Two more volumes are yet to be published.

MEDIÆVAL AND MODERN EUROPE.

ADAMS, CHARLES. Great campaigns: a succinct account of the principal military operations which have taken place in Europe from 1796 to 1870. Edinburg: W. Blackwood & Sons. 1877.

Edited from lectures delivered by Major C. Adams at the Royal Military and Staff Colleges, England.

ADAMS, GEORGE BURTON. Civilization during the Middle Ages, especially in relation to modern civilization. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 1894.

ADDISON, C. G. The Knights Templars. 3d edition. London: Longman. 1854.

ALISON, Sir ARCHIBALD. History of Europe, 1789 to 1815, and 1815 to 1852. Edinburg: W. Blackwood & Sons. 1853. 28 volumes.

"We are not unaware … of the surpassing greatness of the external events of which his history is composed, nor do we complain of the minute and laborious zeal with which he has gathered every particular concerning them, ransacking archives and measuring fields of slaughter; but we do complain that he has allowed the tumult and dust of these vast contests to stop his ears and blind his eyes to every object but themselves." _Parke Godwin, Out of the Past; page 207._

BALZANI, UGO. The Popes and the Hohenstaufen. London: Longmans.

In the series entitled "Epochs of Church History."

BEARD, CHARLES. The Reformation of the 16th Century in its relation to modern thought. London: Williams and Norgate. 1883.

Hibbert Lectures for 1883.

BRADLEY, HENRY. The story of the Goths, to the end of the Gothic dominion in Spain. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. London: T. F. Unwin. 1888.

One of the better books in the series of "The Story of the Nations."

BRYCE, JAMES. The Holy Roman Empire. London: Macmillan & Co.

CAYLEY, EDWARD S. The European revolutions of 1848. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1856. 2 volumes.

CHEETHAM, S. History of the Christian Church during the first six centuries. London and New York: Macmillan & Co. 1894.

CHURCH, R. W. The beginning of the Middle Ages. London: Longmans. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 1877.

An admirable brief survey of early mediæval history, in the series entitled "Epochs of Modern History."

COMYN, Sir ROBERT. History of the western empire, from Charlemagne to Charles V. [800-1520]. London: W. H. Allen & Co. 1841. 2 volumes.

COX, GEORGE W. The Crusades. London: Longmans. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 1874.

In the series entitled "Epochs of History."

CREIGHTON, MANDELL. History of the Papacy during the period of the Reformation. London and New York: Longmans. 1882-94. volumes 1-5.

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CUTTS, EDWARD L. Scenes and characters of the Middle Ages. London: Virtue & Co. 1872.

DEMOMBYNES, G. Constitutions Européennes. Paris: L. Larose et Forcel. 1881. 2 volumes.

DILKE, Sir CHARLES W. Position of European politics, 1887. London: Chapman & Hall. 1887.

DÖLLINGER, JOHN IGNATIUS VON. Addresses on historical and literary subjects; translated by Margaret Warre. London: J. Murray. 1894.

Containing as follows: Universities past and present; Founders of Religions; the Empire of Charles the Great and his Successors; Anagni; the Suppression of the Knights Templars; the History of Religious Freedom; various estimates of the French Revolution; the part taken by North America in Literature.

Studies in European history; translated by Margaret Warre. London: John Murray. 1890.

Academical addresses on the following subjects: The significance of Dynasties in the history of the world; the House of Wittelsbach and its place in German history; the relation of the City of Rome to Germany in the Middle Ages; Dante as a Prophet; the struggle of Germany with the Papacy under the Emperor Ludwig of Bavaria; Aventin an his Times; on the Influence of Greek Literature and Culture upon the Western World in the Middle Ages; the origin of the Eastern Question; the Jews in Europe; upon the Political and Intellectual development of Spain; the Policy of Louis XIV.; the most influential Woman of French history (Madame de Maintenon).

DUFF, MOUNTSTUART E. GRANT. Studies in European politics. Edinburg: Edmonston & Douglas. 1866.

These well-named "Studies" in the political history of the Continent, by an English statesman, are mostly devoted to the important but little understood period between 1815 and 1848, in Spain, Russia Austria, Prussia, Holland, and Belgium. They are deficient in attention to the social conditions of the time.

DURUY, VICTOR. History of modern times, from the fall of Constantinople to the French Revolution; translated and revised, with notes, by E. A. Grosvenor. New York: H. Holt & Co. 1894.

History of the middle ages; translated by E. H. and M. D. Whitney, with notes and revisions by G. B. Adams. New York: Henry Holt & Co. 1891.

DYER, THOMAS HENRY. History of modern Europe, 1453-1857. London: John Murray. 4 volumes. Geo. Bell & Sons. 4 volumes.

Dyer's History of Modern Europe "represented the labour of years, and chronicled the period from the fall of Constantinople to the end of the Crimean "War. It was a clear and painstaking compilation, whose main object was to expound the origin and nature of the European concert." _G. Barnett Smith. Biographical Sketch (in the Dictionary of National-Biography)._

EGINHARD. Life of Charlemagne; translated by S. E. Turner. New York: Harper & Bros.

EMERTON, EPHRAIM. Introduction to the study of the Middle Ages (A. D. 375-814). Boston: Ginn & Co. 1888.

Mediæval Europe, 814-1300. Boston: Ginn & Co. 1894.

FISHER, GEORGE PARK. History of the Christian Church. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 1887.

The Reformation. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 1883.

FLINT, ROBERT. Philosophy of history in Europe. volume 1, France and Germany. Edinburg: Blackwood & Sons. 1874.

FREEMAN, EDWARD A. The Chief Periods of European History; six lectures, Oxford, 1885. London: Macmillan & Co. 1886.

The "chief periods" treated of are "those which concern the growth and the dying out" of the Roman power: "Europe before the growth of Rome—Europe with Rome, in one shape or another, as her centre—Europe since Rome has practically ceased to be." _Author's Preface._

Fifty years of European history: four Oxford lectures. [Also] The Teutonic conquest of Gaul and Britain. London: Macmillan & Co. 1888.

The fifty years of European history reviewed in the first four of these lectures are those that had been spanned by the reign of Queen Victoria when its jubilee was celebrated, in 1887.

General sketch of European history. London: Macmillan & Co. 1872.

Historical Essays. London: Macmillan & Co. 1871-92. 4 volumes.

Volume 1. The Mythical and Romantic Elements in early English History; the continuity of English History; Relations between the Crowns of England and Scotland; Saint Thomas of Canterbury and his Biographers; the Reign of Edward III.; the Holy Roman Empire; the Franks and the Gauls; the early Sieges of Paris; Frederick I., King of Italy; the Emperor Frederick II.; Charles the Bold; Presidential Government.

Volume 2. Ancient Greece and Mediæval Italy; Mr. Gladstone's "Homer and the Homeric Age"; the Historians of Athens; the Athenian Democracy; Alexander the Great; Greece during the Macedonian Period; Mommsen's History of Rome; Sulla; the Flavian Cæsars.

Volume 3. First Impressions of Rome; the Illyrian Emperors and their Land; Augusta Treverorum; the Goths at Ravenna; Race and Language; the Byzantine Empire; First impressions or Athens; Mediæval and Modern Greece; the Southern Slaves; Sicilian Cycles; the Normans at Palermo.

Volume 4. Carthage; French and English Towns; Aquæ Sextiæ; Orange; Augustodunum; Perigueux and Cahors; the Lords of Ardres; Points in the History of Portugal and Brazil: Alter Orbis; Historical Cycles; Augustan Ages; English Civil Wars.

The historical geography of Europe. London: Longmans, Green & Co. 1881. 1 volume text; 1 volume maps.

The object of this remarkably valuable work is to "trace out the extent of territory which the different states and nations of Europe and the neighbouring lands have held at different times in the world's history, to mark the different boundaries which the same country has had, and the different meanings in which the same name has been used. _Author's Introduction._

FROISSART, SIR JOHN. Chronicles [1326-1400]; translated by T. Johnes. London: Wm. Smith. 2 volumes.

Same; edited for boys, with an introduction, by Sidney Lanier. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. 1879.

FYFFE, C. A. History of modern Europe. London: Cassell. 1880-1889. New York: Henry Holt & Co. 1881-90. 3 volumes.

Covers the period from the beginning of the war with revolutionary France, in 1792, to the Berlin Congress and Treaty, 1878; a well-constructed and well-written piece of history.

GERARD, JAMES W. The peace of Utrecht, 1713-14. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 1885.

GRUBE, A. W. Heroes of history and legend. London: Griffith & Farran. 1880.

A translation of the second part of Grube's "Charakterbilder aus der Geschichte und Sage."

GUIZOT, F. P. History of civilization, to the French revolution; translated from the French. London: Geo. Bell & Sons. 3 volumes. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 2 volumes.

"The originality of M. Guizot's work consists in the truly scientific spirit and character of his method. He was the first to dissect a society, in the same comprehensive, impartial, and thorough way in which an anatomist dissects the body of an animal, and the first to study the functions of the social organism in the same systematic and careful manner in which the physiologist studies the functions of the animal organism." _R. Flint, The Philosophy of History in France and Germany, Page 240._

HALLAM, HENRY. View of the state of Europe during the Middle Ages. London: J. Murray. 3 volumes. New York: W. J, Widdleton. 3 volumes.

"He [Hallam] never thoroughly took in either the Imperial or the ecclesiastical element in history; if I say that he did not thoroughly take in the Teutonic element either, it might seem that I leave him no standing-ground at all. And whither shall he seem to vanish, if I add that he never shows that same kind of thorough knowledge of original authorities, that mastery of them that delight in them, which stands out in every line of Kemble and Palgrave? Hallam had nothing of the spirit of the antiquary; he had not, I should say very much of the spirit of the historian proper. Yet Hallam was a memorable writer, whose name ought to be deeply honoured, and a large part of whose writings are as valuable now as when they were first written." _E. A. Freeman. Methods of Historical Study, page 282_.

HÄUSSER, LUDWIG. The period of the Reformation, 1517-1648, edited by W. Oncken; translated by Mrs. Sturge. London: Strahan. 1873. New York: Robert Carter & Bros.

Unquestionably the best comprehensive survey of the Reformation and the Reformation period that has yet been placed before English readers.

HEEREN. A. H. L. A manual of the history of the political system of Europe and its colonies; from the close of the 15th century to the fall of Napoleon; translated from the German. London: H. G. Bohn. 1846.

HENDERSON, ERNEST F., Select historical documents of the middle ages; translated and edited. London: Geo. Bell & Sons. 1892. New York: Macmillan & Co.

HODGKIN, THOMAS. Italy and her Invaders. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1880-85. 4 volumes.

A very satisfactory work, narrating that part of the barbaric avalanche of the fifth and sixth centuries which crushed the Empire in its western seat. The first volume deals with the Visigothic invasion, the second with the Hunnish, Vandal and Herulian, the third with the Ostrogothic, the fourth with Justinian's recovery of Italy.

Theodoric the Goth; the barbarian champion of civilization. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 1891.

In the series entitled "Heroes of the Nations."

JOHNSON, A. H. The Normans in Europe. London: Longmans, Green & Co. 1877. New York: Chas. Scribner's Sons.

JOHNSTONE, C. F. Historical abstracts. London: C. Kegan Paul & Co. 1880.

Excellent outline sketches of the history of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the kingdom of the Netherlands, Belgium, the Ottoman Empire, Greece, Portugal, Prussia, Russia, and the Swiss Confederation.

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KEARY, C. F. The Vikings in western Christendom, 789-888. London: T. F. Unwin. 1891.

KINGTON, T. L. History of Frederick II., Emperor of the Romans. London: Macmillan & Co; 1862. 2 volumes.

LACROIX, PAUL. The eighteenth century [1700-1789]: its institutions, &c. London: Chapman & Hall. 1876.

LATHAM, ROBERT. G. Ethnology of Europe. London: J. Van Voorst. 1852.

The nationalities of Europe. volume 2. London: W. H. Allen & Co. 1863. 2 volumes.

LAVISSE, ERNEST. General view of the political history of Europe; translated by Charles Gross. London: Longmans, Green & Co. 1891.

"While giving the essential facts of universal history, he [Lavisse] aims above all, to describe the formation and political development of the states of Europe, and to indicate the historical causes of their present condition and mutual relations. In other words, he shows how the existing political divisions of Europe, with their peculiar tendencies, were created. … The ability of Professor Lavisse to compress the essence of a great event or sequence of events into a few comprehensive and expressive sentences, has enabled him to accomplish his difficult task with signal success." _Translator's Preface._

LEA, HENRY CHARLES. History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages. New York: Harper & Bros. 1888. 3 volumes.

LODGE, RICHARD. History of Modern Europe, 1453-1878. London: J. Murray. 1885. New York:, Harper Bros.

MACKENZIE, ROBERT. The Nineteenth Century; a history. London: Nelson & Sons. 1880.

McLAUGLIN, EDWARD TOMPKINS. Studies in mediæval life and literature. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 1894.

MACLEAR, G. F. The conversion of the West. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.

MAXWELL, Sir WILLIAM STIRLING. Don John of Austria; or, passages from the history of the 16th Century, 1547-1578. London: Longmans. 1883. 2 volumes.

MAY, Sir THOMAS E. Democracy in Europe. London: Longmans, Green & Co. 1877. 2 volumes. New York: A. C. Armstrong & Son. 2 volumes.

MERIVALE, CHARLES. The conversion of the northern nations: Boyle lectures. 1865. London: Longmans. New York: D. Appleton & Co.

MERLE D'AUBIGNE, J. H. History of the great Reformation of the 16th century. New York: Carter & Bros. 1863-77. 8 volumes.

MICHAUD, J. F. History of the Crusades; translated from the French. London: G. Routledge & Co. 1852. 2 volumes.

MICHELET, JULES. Summary of Modern History; translated from the French and continued by M. C. M. Simpson. London: Macmillan & Co. 1875.

MILMAN, HENRY HART. History of Latin Christianity, including that of the Popes to Nicholas V. London: J. Murray. 1854. 6 volumes.

"I know few books more delightful and more instructive to read than Milman's 'History of Latin Christianity.' And none better discharges the work of a guide, both to the original authorities, and what we cannot neglect, to modern German writers." _E. A. Freeman, Methods was of historical study, page 283._

MOELLER, WILHELM. History of the Christian Church, A.D. 1-600; translated from the German. London: S. Sonnenschein. 1892.

History of the Christian Church, in the Middle Ages. London: S. Sonnenschein. 1893.

MONSTRELET, ENGUERRAND DE. Chronicles; translated by T. Johnes. London: Geo. Routledge & Sons. 1867. 2 volumes.

A chronicle which continues that of Froissart, from 1400 to 1467, and is continued by others to 1516, especially narrating events in the Hundred Years War.

MONTALEMBERT, CHARLES F., Count de. The Monks of the West, from St. Benedict to St. Bernard; authorized translation. London: W. Blackwood & Sons. 1861-79. 7 volumes.

"His pages bring before us tales handed down by oral tradition alone for perhaps two or three generations, together with documents and letters as genuine as the despatches of the Duke of Wellington. But there is little or no effort to show that one is more valuable than the other, or to determine where the poetry which is lavish of marvellous incidents ends, and where the region of fact begins." _Edinburgh Review, v. 127, page. 404._

MÜLLER, W. Political history of recent times. 1816-1875; translated [and continued to 1881] by J.,P. Peters. New York: Harper & Bros. 1882.

"For many years—as Professor of Modern History, first at the State University of Michigan, afterward at Cornell University—I had been seeking a work which should give to thoughtful students a view, large but concise, of the political history of Continental Europe in the nineteenth century. … At last I came upon the 'Politische Geschichte der Neuesten Zeit,' by Professor Wilhelm Miller, of Tübingen. … Three readings of it satisfied me that it is what is needed in America. … It is not an abridgment; it is a living history." _Andrew D. White, Prefatory Note._

MURDOCK, HAROLD. The reconstruction of Europe [1852-1870]. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 1889.

NATIONAL LIFE AND THOUGHT. London: T. F. Unwin. 1891.

A volume of lectures delivered at South Place Institute, London, in 1889-90, designed "to give information, in a popular form, with regard to the national development and modes of political action among the different nations throughout the world." The lecturers were generally men specially well informed on their several subjects, such as Professor J. E. Therold Rogers, Professor Pulszky. J. T. Bent, J. C. Cotton Minchin, Eirikr Magnusson, and others.

NEANDER, AUGUSTUS. General history of the Christian religion and Church; translated from the German by Joseph Torrey.

"He … made church history a book of instruction, edification and comfort, on the firm foundation of profound and accurate learning, critical mastery of the sources, spiritual discernment, psychological insight, and sound, sober judgment." _P. Schaff, Saint Augustin Melanchthon, Neander, page 136._

PALGRAVE, Sir FRANCIS. History of Normandy and England. London: Macmillan & Co. 4 volumes.

PASTOR, LUDWIG. History of the Popes from, the close of the Middle Ages; translated from the German. London: J. Hodges.

A history written from the Roman Catholic standpoint.

PERIODS OF EUROPEAN HISTORY; edited by Arthur Hassal. London and New York: Macmillan & Co.

Period 1, A. D. 476-918; by Charles W. C. Oman. Period 5, A. D. 1598-1715; by Henry O. Wakeman. Period 7, A.D. 1789-1815; by H. Morse Stephens. Other periods not yet published.

RANKE, LEOPOLD VON. History of the Latin and Teutonic nations from 1494 to 1514; translated from the German. London: G. Bell & Sons. 1887.

History of the Popes in the 16th and 17th centuries; translated from the German by Mrs. Austin. London: J. Murray. 2 volumes.

ROBERTSON, JAMES C. History of the Christian Church; from the Apostolic Age to the Reformation. London: J. Murray. 1875. 8 volumes.

ROBERTSON, WM. History of the reign of the emperor Charles V.; with life of the emperor after his abdication, by W. H. Prescott. London: George Routledge & Sons. 2 volumes. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co. 3 volumes.