Part 8

───────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────────────── │ 1918 ───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┬─────────────────────── │ Brigade. │ Regiment. ───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┼─────────────────────── Cavalry. │1 Cav. (1 C. Dist.). │3 Cuirassier. │ │1 Drag. │2 Cav. (1 C. Dist.). │12 Uhlan. │ │9 Horse Jag. │43 Cav. (1 C. Dist.). │8 Uhlan (3 and 5 Sqns. │ │ detached). │ │10 Horse Jag. (2 and 3 │ │ Sqns. detached). ───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┴─────────────────────── Artillery. │35 Horse Art. Abt. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Engineers and Liaisons.│(?) Pion. Detchs. │347 Searchlight Section. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Medical and Veterinary.│65 Vet. Hospital. │142 Vet. Hospital. │70 Ambulance Co. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Odd units. │152 Cyclist Co. │153 Cyclist Co. │159 Cyclist Co. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Attached. │3 Hus. Rgt. (1, 3, 4, and 6 Sqn.). ───────────────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────

HISTORY.

1918.

1. Throughout 1918 the separate elements of this division were used in police duty in the Ukraine, in Lithuania, and along the Danube.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

As the division did not operate as a division in 1918, no estimate can be given of its fighting value.

1st Naval Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │1 Nav. │ │1 Nav. │ │1 Nav. │ │2 Nav. │ │2 Nav. │ │2 Nav. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ The 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6th Marine Fus. Rgts. and the 4th │ Marine Inf. Rgt. alternated between the 1st and 2d Naval │ Division. ─────────────┼───────────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── Cavalry. │1 Ldw. Sqn. (10 C. │ │ │ Dist.). │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │1 and 2 Ldw. F. A. │Nav. Brig.: │1 Nav. F. A. Rgt. │ Detch. (10 C. │ │ │ Dist.). │ │ │ │ 1 Nav. F. A. Rgt. │2 Nav. F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ 2 Nav. F. A. Rgt. │3 Nav. F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ Torpedo-Matrosen │Torpedo-Matrosen │ │ Art. Rgt. │ Art. Rgt. │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│ │ │1 Nav. Pion. Co. Liaisons. │ │ │ │ │ │2 Nav. Pion. Co. │ │ │165 T. M. Co. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │ │ │ Veterinary.│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Odd units. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │ │ │124 Labor Btn. ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1917 │ 1918 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │1 Nav. │ │1 Mar. │1 Mat. │ │ │ │2 Mat. │ │ │ │6 Mat. │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┬───────────────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │4 Sqn. 6 Cuirassier│ │ Rgt. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │258 Ldw. F. A. Rgt.│Mar. F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │Torpedo-Matrosen │1 Mat. A. Rgt. │ Art. Rgt. │ │ │Marine Corps 1st │ │ Ft. A. M. Col. │ │2 Light A. Col. of │ │ the Mar. F. A. │ │ Rgt. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│1 Nav. Pion. Btn.: │1 Mar. Pion. Btn.: Liaisons. │ │ │ 1 Nav. Pion. Co. │ 1 Mar. Pion. Co. │ 2 Nav. Pion. Co. │ 4 Mar. Pion. Co. │ 337 Pion. Co. │ 1 Entrenching Co. │ 165 Nav. T. M. Co.│ 2 Entrenching Co. │ Tel. Detch. │291 Mar. Signal │ │ Command: │ │ 291 Mar. Tel. │ │ Detch. │ │ 291 Wireless │ │ Detch. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │Ambulance Co. │1 Mar. Ambulance Veterinary.│ │ Co. │1 Nav. Field │1 Mar. Field │ Hospital. │ Hospital. │Vet. Hospital. │Vet. Hospital │ │ (Ostend). ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │M. T. Col. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Odd units. │ │1 Sect. Flanders │ │ Reconnaissance │ │ Flight. │ │2 Sec. Flanders │ │ Reconnaissance │ │ Flight. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │41 Cyclist Co. │ ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

1914–1917.

BELGIUM.

1. At the beginning of the war the Field Army contained only one naval division. This division entered Belgium on September 4, 1914, detrained at Brussels, and on September 6 took up its position to the left of the corps which was besieging Antwerp. After the taking of the city on October 10 the division marched along the coast, arrived at a point between Ostend and Bruges on October 23, and on November 2 relieved the 4th Ersatz Division on the front of Nieuport-St. Georges.

2. On November 24, 1914, the Naval Corps was formed by adding a 2d Naval Division to the 1st.

3. After this time the Naval Corps occupied the sea front and the sector of the coast in occupied Flanders. The staffs of the 1st and 2d Naval Divisions were permanently in command of this sector—the sea front (from Raversyde to the frontier of Zeeland as far as Maldegem was assigned to the 1st Naval Division; the front on land from the North Sea to Schoorbakke, 4 kilometers southeast Nieuport, to the 2d Naval Division). The six regiments of Marine Fusileers alternated between the two sectors, and consequently changed from one division to the other.

4. In April, 1917, the three naval infantry regiments were withdrawn from the 1st and 2d Naval Divisions to organize a new Division, the 3d Naval Division. These regiments had already formed a provisional division, from the end of September, 1916, to January, 1917, when they were engaged on the Somme. After fighting east of Ypres (August to November, 1917), the 3d Naval Division came into line at Nieuport (Lombartzyde) to the right of the 2d Naval Division in December.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The Marine or Sailor Fusileers, recruited at the beginning of the war from among the seamen or the population of the ports, had only a mediocre combat value at the time.

Since 1917, in consequence of reinforcements taken from the land army, and also in consequence of reducing the age of the effectives, the regiments of Naval Fusileers seem to be of better quality.

From a recruiting standpoint, they may be compared with the active divisions of the German Army.

1918.

1. The division was out of line in 1918 until May 1. From that date until November 4 it held the extreme right of the German line.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as fourth class. Until the last month of the war its front was quiet.

2d Guard Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │3 Gd. │1 Gren. │3 Gd. │1 Gren. │3 Gd. │1 Gren. │ │3 Gren. │ │3 Gren. │ │3 Gren. │4 Gd. │2 Gren. │4 Gd. │2 Gren. │4 Gd. │2 Gren. │ │4 Gren. │ │4 Gren. │ │4 Gren. │5 Gd. │5 Gren. │ │ │ │ │ │5 Ft. │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │ │4 Gd. Brig.: │Cav. Rgt., │ │ │ Schlotheim. │ │ Body Guard Hus. │2 and 5 Sqns. 2 Gd. │ │ Rgt. │ Uhlan Rgt. │ │ 2 Gd. Uhlan Rgt. │1 Sqn. 6 Drag. Rgt. │ │ │Ers. Sqn. 2 Uhlan │ │ │ Rgt. │ │ │Ers. Sqn. 1 Horse │ │ │ Jag. Rgt. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │2 Gd. Brig.: │2 Gd. Brig.: │2 Gd. Brig.: │ 2 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ 2 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ 2 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ 4 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ 4 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ 4 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│ │1 Gd. Eng. Btn.: │1 Gd. Eng. Btn.: Liaisons. │ │ │ │ │ Field Co. Gd. │ 2 Co. Gd. Pion. │ │ Pion. Btn. │ Btn. │ │ 2 Gd. Pont. Engs. │ 1 Co. 28 Pion. │ │ │ Btn. │ │ 2 Gd. Tel. Detch. │ 281 Pion. Co. │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 Gd. Pont. Engs. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 Gd. Tel. Detch. │ │ │ 2 Gd. T. M. Co. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │ │ │ Veterinary.│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1917 │ 1918 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │3 Gd. │1 Gren. │3 Gd. │1 Gren. │ │2 Gren. │ │2 Gren. │ │4 Gren. │ │4 Gren. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │1 Sqn. 6 Drag. Rgt.│1 Sqn. Body Gd. │ │ Hus. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │2 Gd. Art. Command:│2 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │ 2 Gd. F. A. Rgt. │3 Abt. 3 Ft. A. │ │ Rgt. │ │(Staff, 10, 11, and │ │ 12 Btries.). │ │535 Ft. A. Btry. │ │965 Light Am. Col. │ │1385 Light Am. Col. │ │1386 Light Am. │ │ Col. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│102 Eng. Btn.: │102 Pion. Btn.: Liaisons. │ │ │ 2 Co. Gd. Pion. │ 2 Co. Gd. Pions. │ Btn. │ │ 3 Co. Gd. Pion. │ 3 Co. Gd. Pions. │ Btn. │ │ 2 Gd. T. M. Co. │ 211 Searchlight │ │ Section. │ 278, 281, and 298 │2 Gd. Signals │ Searchlight │ Command: │ Sections. │ │ 2 Gd. Tel. Detch. │ 2 Gd. Tel. Detch. │ │ 73 Wireless Detch. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │2 Ambulance Co. │2 Ambulance Co. Veterinary.│ │ │2 Field Hospital. │2 Field Hospital. │3 Field Hospital. │3 Field Hospital. │2 Gd. Vet. │2 Gd. Vet. │ Hospital. │ Hospital. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │2 M. G. S. S. │ │ Detch. │ │1 Abtl. 43 Res. F. │ │ A. Rgt. │ │3 Abtl. 43 Res. F. │ │ A. Rgt. │ │1 Abtl. 16 Ft. A. │ │ Rgt. │ │2 Abtl. 11 Res. Ft.│ │ A. Rgt. with │ │ transport. │ │10 Btry. 13 Res. │ │ Ft. A. Rgt. │ │190 Ft. Batry. │ │9 Btry. 12 Res. Ft.│ │ A. Rgt. with │ │ transport. │ │1 Btry. 57 Ldw. Ft.│ │ A. Rgt. │ │3 Co. 87 Labor Btn.│ │1 Co. 8 Ammunition │ │ Train. │ │1133 Wireless │ │ Detch. (from 27 │ │ Div.). │ │289 Pigeon Loft. │ │3 Balloon Section. │ │327 Ammunition │ │ Train. │ │191 M. T. Col. │ │216 M. T. Col. │ │853 M. T. Col. │ │865 M. T. Col. │ │188 Depot Supply │ │ Train. │ ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

1914.

FRANCE.

1. Entrained August 9 to 11 (notebooks). Detrained at Beutgenbach (12 kilos east of Malmedy). Entered Belgium August 14. Crossed the Meuse at Huy August 18. Crossed the Sambre at Auvelais (Aug. 22) on the right of the 1st Guard Division. Fought at Falisolle and Aisemont the 23d; at Mettet the 24th. Fought on the 29th at Haution and Vallee-aux-Bleds; on the 30th at St. Pierre (west of Vervins), on the left of the 1st Guard Division.

2. From there via Lugny, Boncourt, La Malmaison, Ville-aux-Bois, Sarcy, Epernay, Avize, Vertus; fought after September 6 at Ecury-le-Repos and Normee.

3. Retreated on the 9th at Vertus; 10th at Tauxieres; 11th at Thuizy. Was before Reims until September 30.

4. In Artois in October (Bucquoy, Monchy-aux-Bois, Adinfer), near the 1st Guard Division. Split up in November like the latter; sent one of its brigades, the 4th, in the region of Ypres (Gheluvelt), and remained there until the end of December.

1915.

RUSSIA.

1. In January the division was again assembled. At rest at Douai from the end of January till the middle of February. On the Monchy-aux-Bois- Puisieux front till the end of March. Entrained March 30 at Cambrai for Schelestadt (Alsace), where it was placed at rest.

2. In April transferred to Galicia (Neu-Samdek, Apr. 26–30).

3. Beginning on May 2 it took part in Mackensen’s offensive—Battle of Gorlitz, May 2–3; at Jaroslav, May 16; battle of Krasnostav, July 17; crossed the Bug August 24. At Zegrje, on the Narew, September 14.

4. On September 16 it returned to Novo-Georgievsk and entrained for the western front. Detrained at Nivelles September 20.

FRANCE-LORETTE.

5. The division was at rest for one month in Belgium.

6. On October 25 entrained for Orchies and reached Henin-Lietard by stages and fought at Lorette on November 5 for 6 days. It suffered casualties again there.

7. The division went into line in the region between Noyon and Roye.

1916.

FRANCE-SOMME.

1. The 2d Guard Division remained in the sector of the region Noyon-Roye until August, 1916.

2. On August 15 it was sent to the Somme region (Chilly), where it suffered heavy losses both to the north and to the south of Peronne.

3. From October 1 to the end of December, 1916, it fought for a second time south of Peronne.

1917.

1. At the end of January the division was sent to rest near Guise. To the east of Clery-sur-Somme, end of February.

2. Then it held the Siegfried line, near Roisel and St. Quentin, for five or six days (beginning of March).

3. Entrained for Vervins and sent back to rest (Mar. 16 to Apr. 12).

CHEMIN DES DAMES.

4. About April 12 the division was sent to Sissonne. Went into line between Hurtebise and Craonne (Apr. 20 to 22), supporting or relieving the units of the 5th Guard Division. It remained for three weeks in the region of Craonne and Amifontaine. It suffered new losses and still heavier ones on Californie Plateau.

5. On May 11 the division went to the Argonne by road (La Harazee, May 17) and was reorganized, receiving replacements from the 613th, 614th, and 615th Regiments, which were dissolved.

RUSSIA.

6. Withdrawn from the line at the beginning of July and entrained for the eastern front (from July 4 to 10), via Charleville, Givet, Namur, Liege, Herbestal, Hanover, Berlin, Posen, Skalmiercyze, Ozidof.

7. Took part in the attack on the Sereth (July 19); relieved August 1 and sent to rest.

RIGA.

8. On August 9 entrained at Horlodylow and took part in the attack on Uxkull (Sept. 1). On the 4th it entered Riga.

FRANCE.